StressesandDeflectionsDuetoSelfWeight

ProblemStatement:
Asignisconstructedof76mmstandardsteelpipewithanelasticmodulusof200GPa,aPoissonsratio
of0.3,andadensityof7870 kg/m .Themassofthesignis10Kg.Completethefollowingusinga
PIPE16element.
1. Determinethemaximumdeflection.
2. Generateanelementtableforthemaximumstress(SMAX)andbendingmoment(MMOMZ).
3. Whatisthemaximumstressinthepipe?

SectionProperties:
Nominal
Diam.
d
(mm)
76

Outside
Diam.
do
(mm)
88.9

Inside
Diam.
di
(mm)
77.9

Wall
Thickness
t
(mm)
5.49

Mass
m
(kg/m)
11.27

A
(mm2)
1437

I
(106m4)
1.256

S
(103mm3)
28.25

r
(mm)
29.5

ANSYSProcedure:
1. Preprocessor>Elementtype>Add/Edit/Delete>(Add)>(Pipe)>(Elasticstraight16)>OK
2. Preprocessor>Realconstants>Add/Edit/Delete>(Add)>Type1>OK
(Outsidediameter=88.9 10 ,Wallthickness=5.49 10 )>OK

3. Preprocessor>Materialproperties>Materialmodels>Structural>Linear>Elastic>IsotropicEnterEX
=200e9 andPRXY=0.30
4. Preprocessor>Materialproperties>Materialmodels>Density=7870>OK
5. Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Keypoints>InactiveCS
Keypoint
Xcoordinate
Ycoordinate
Zcoordinate
1
0
0
0
2
0
3
0
3
3
3
0
4
4
3
0

6. Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Lines>Lines>Straightlines(Clickonthekeypointsshowntomake
thecorrespondingline)

Keypoint
Keypoint
Line
1
2
1
2
3
2
3
4
3

7. Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Elementattributes>Lines>Set>Chooselines>Pickall>OK
8. Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Sizecontrols>Lines>Set>Pickall>Size=0.1>OK
9. Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Mesh>Lines>Pickall
10. Utilitymenu:Plotctrls>Style>Sizeandshape>Selecttheradiobuttonnextto/ESHAPE>OK

11. Utility menu: Plotctrls > Numbering (Turn

Keypointnumberson)

12. Utilitymenu:Plot>Multiplots

13. Utilitymenu:List>Elements>Nodesandattributes
14. Utilitymenu:List>Nodes

Applyingloads:

15. Solution>Defineloads>Apply>
Structural>Displacement>On
keypoints>(Pickkeypoint1andfix
allDOF)

16. Solution > Define loads > Apply >

Structural > Force /Moment > On
keypoints>Pickkeypoints3and4>
OK>Fy=49.05>OK

Note that this is half of 10 kg * 9.81

m/s2.

17. Solution > Define loads > Apply >

Structural>Inertia>Gravity>Global>
ACELY=9.81>OK
Noticethatthisaccelerationispositivesince
an upward acceleration would produce a
downwarddeflection(likegravity)

18. Solution>solve>currentLS

PostProcessing:

19. GeneralPostproc>Plot
results>Deformedshape

20. General Postproc > Plot

results > Contour Plot >
ElementSolution>Stress>
X component of stress >
OK

21. GeneralPostproc>Elementtable>Definetable>Add>Name=SAXLi,bysequencenumber>LS=17>
Apply>Name=SAXLj,bysequencenumber>LS=49>OK
22. GeneralPostproc>Elementtable>Definetable>Add>Name=MMOMZi,bysequencenumber>
SMISC=6>Apply>Name=MMOMZj,bysequencenumber>SMISC=12>OK
Wewilldiscussthetablelookupnumbersforthestressesandmomentsusedabovewhenwecovertheuseofthe
PIPE16elementinalaterclass.Here,thelocalxcoordinatepointsintheglobalYdirection(alongthelengthofthe
PIPEelement).Sincenoorientationkeypointisdefinedfortheseelements,thelocalycoordinateoftheelement
mustlieintheglobalXYplane,whichmeansitpointsinthenegativeglobalXdirection.Thus,thestressesonthe
rightsideofthebottomofthebeamaredeterminedbyLS=17fornodeiandLS=49fornodej.

SummaryofResults:
1. Maximumdeflection:0.83m.
2. ElementtableofmaximumstressandmaximumbendingmomentatIandJnodes

PRINT ELEMENT TABLE ITEMS PER ELEMENT

***** POST1 ELEMENT TABLE LISTING *****
STAT
ELEM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57

CURRENT
CURRENT
SAXLI
SAXLJ
-0.44188E+08-0.44180E+08
-0.44180E+08-0.44172E+08
-0.44172E+08-0.44164E+08
-0.44164E+08-0.44157E+08
-0.44157E+08-0.44149E+08
-0.44149E+08-0.44141E+08
-0.44141E+08-0.44134E+08
-0.44134E+08-0.44126E+08
-0.44126E+08-0.44118E+08
-0.44118E+08-0.44110E+08
-0.44110E+08-0.44103E+08
-0.44103E+08-0.44095E+08
-0.44095E+08-0.44087E+08
-0.44087E+08-0.44080E+08
-0.44080E+08-0.44072E+08
-0.44072E+08-0.44064E+08
-0.44064E+08-0.44056E+08
-0.44056E+08-0.44049E+08
-0.44049E+08-0.44041E+08
-0.44041E+08-0.44033E+08
-0.44033E+08-0.44026E+08
-0.44026E+08-0.44018E+08
-0.44018E+08-0.44010E+08
-0.44010E+08-0.44002E+08
-0.44002E+08-0.43995E+08
-0.43995E+08-0.43987E+08
-0.43987E+08-0.43979E+08
-0.43979E+08-0.43971E+08
-0.43971E+08-0.43964E+08
-0.43964E+08-0.43956E+08
-0.43579E+08-0.41680E+08
-0.41680E+08-0.39820E+08
-0.39820E+08-0.38000E+08
-0.38000E+08-0.36219E+08
-0.36219E+08-0.34477E+08
-0.34477E+08-0.32774E+08
-0.32774E+08-0.31111E+08
-0.31111E+08-0.29487E+08
-0.29487E+08-0.27902E+08
-0.27902E+08-0.26357E+08
-0.26357E+08-0.24851E+08
-0.24851E+08-0.23384E+08
-0.23384E+08-0.21956E+08
-0.21956E+08-0.20568E+08
-0.20568E+08-0.19219E+08
-0.19219E+08-0.17909E+08
-0.17909E+08-0.16639E+08
-0.16639E+08-0.15408E+08
-0.15408E+08-0.14216E+08
-0.14216E+08-0.13064E+08
-0.13064E+08-0.11951E+08
-0.11951E+08-0.10877E+08
-0.10877E+08-0.98420E+07
-0.98420E+07-0.88466E+07
-0.88466E+07-0.78906E+07
-0.78906E+07-0.69738E+07
-0.69738E+07-0.60964E+07

CURRENT
MMOMZI
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1178.2
-1125.6
-1074.2
-1023.8
-974.58
-926.46
-879.44
-833.53
-788.74
-745.05
-702.48
-661.01
-620.66
-581.42
-543.28
-506.26
-470.35
-435.55
-401.86
-369.28
-337.82
-307.46
-278.21
-250.08
-223.05
-197.14

CURRENT
MMOMZJ
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1231.9
-1178.2
-1125.6
-1074.2
-1023.8
-974.58
-926.46
-879.44
-833.53
-788.74
-745.05
-702.48
-661.01
-620.66
-581.42
-543.28
-506.26
-470.35
-435.55
-401.86
-369.28
-337.82
-307.46
-278.21
-250.08
-223.05
-197.14
-172.33

***** POST1 ELEMENT TABLE LISTING *****

STAT
ELEM
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

CURRENT
CURRENT
SAXLI
SAXLJ
-0.60964E+07-0.52582E+07
-0.52582E+07-0.44593E+07
-0.44593E+07-0.36997E+07
-0.36997E+07-0.31530E+07
-0.31530E+07-0.26455E+07
-0.26455E+07-0.21773E+07
-0.21773E+07-0.17483E+07
-0.17483E+07-0.13587E+07
-0.13587E+07-0.10084E+07
-0.10084E+07-0.69737E+06
-0.69737E+06-0.42562E+06
-0.42562E+06-0.19316E+06
-0.19316E+06 0.45671E-06

CURRENT
MMOMZI
-172.33
-148.64
-126.06
-104.58
-89.127
-74.781
-61.546
-49.422
-38.408
-28.505
-19.713
-12.031
-5.4603

CURRENT
MMOMZJ
-148.64
-126.06
-104.58
-89.127
-74.781
-61.546
-49.422
-38.408
-28.505
-19.713
-12.031
-5.4603
0.12910E-10

MINIMUM VALUES
ELEM
1
1
31
VALUE -0.44188E+08-0.44180E+08 -1231.9

30
-1231.9

MAXIMUM VALUES
ELEM
70
70
70
VALUE -0.19316E+06 0.45671E-06 -5.4603

70
0.12910E-10

3. Maximumstress=44.2MPaincompression.Thisismuchlowerthan210GPa,whichisa
representativeyieldstrengthforstructuralsteel.However,pleaserealizethatthisisanidealized
solutionwithnoiceorwindloadingandwithnoconsiderationofstressconcentrationsorfatigue
failure.

ThistutorialwasdevelopedbyDavidHallandSaiRaviKanthTummala2008