Physics 21 Fall, 2011

Solution to HW-10

27-3 In a 1.35 T magnetic eld directed vertically upward, a particle having a charge of magnitude 8.90 C and initially moving northward at 4.72 km/s is deected toward the east. (a) What is the sign of the charge of this particle? (b) Find the magnetic force on the particle.

27-4 A particle with mass m = 1.81103 kg and a charge of q = 1.22 108 C has, at a given instant, a velocity v = (3.00 104 m/s) (a) What is the magnitude of the j. particles acceleration produced by a uniform magnetic eld B = (1.63 T) + (0.980 T) (b) What is the direction of i j? the particles acceleration? To determine the acceleration of the particle we need to know what force is acting on it. We can assume the only force is due to the magnetic eld. The force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic eld is given by: F = q (v B) For the cross product, we notice that many components of v and B are zero: j. i j v = vy and B = Bx + By We can evaluate the cross product v B by using the cross product of each pair of unit vectors: = k j i Then j i j F = qv B = q vy Bx + By Substituting the given quantities we get: F = (1.22 108 C)(3.00 104 m/s)(1.63 T) = 5.97 104 N k Using Newtons second law, we can nd the acceleration of the particle: a = F/m = 0.330 m/s k. = qvy Bx k = 0 j j

The magnetic force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic eld is given by the equation F = qv B Since, in this case, F, v, and B are mutually perpendicular, the magnitude of F is simply given by F = qvB, with the direction determined by the right hand rule. (a) We need to apply the right hand rule to see if the direction of the force is consistent with a positive charge or a negative charge. Imagine you are seated so that north is in front of you. The other directions are then determined: east is to the right, south is behind you, and west is to the left. So northward velocity means the particle is moving forward. Point the ngers of your right hand straight forward. The magnetic eld is upward, so curl the ngers of your right hand upward. In order to do this, your palm must be facing upward. Then, the thumb of your right hand is pointing to the right (eastward). Eastward is the direction the particle is deected. Thus, the particle must have a positive charge. Here is a diagram:
N B W v F E

(b) F = qvB = (8.90 C)(4.72 km/s)(1.35 T) = 0.0567 N

September 30, 2011

27-21 A deuteron (the nucleus of an isotope of hydrogen) has a mass of 3.34 1027 kg and a charge of 1.60 1019 C. The deuteron travels in a circular path with a radius of 6.90 mm in a magnetic eld with a magnitude of 2.60 T. (a) Find the speed of the deuteron. (b) Find the time required 1 for it to make 2 of a revolution. (c) Through what potential dierence would the deuteron have to be accelerated to acquire this speed?

Note that Mastering Physics is only asking us to provide |V |, so we dont have to worry about getting the signs right. K0 + U0 = K1 + U1 K1 K0 = U0 U1 2 1 2 mv = q (V0 V1 ) = qV V =

2 3.34 1027 kg 8.594 105 m/s mv = 2q 2 (1.60 1019 C) |V | = 7709 V = 7.71 kV

27-25 An electron in the beam of a TV picture tube is accelerated by a potential dierence of 1.95 kV. Then it passes through a region of transverse magnetic eld, where it moves in a circular arc with a radius of 0.179 m. What is the magnitude of the eld? From problem 27-24, we know that B = mv/(eR), but we have to nd v for an electron accelerated through a potential dierence of V = 1950 volts. By denition, the electron gains an energy 1950 eV. Assuming the electron starts from rest, we have
2 1 2 mv

= eV = (1950 eV) 1.602 1019 J/eV mv = 8.32 104 m. eR

(a) As is seen in the gure, the force on a moving charged particle due to a magnetic eld causes it to travel in a circular path. We have an equation from the equation sheet that describes this motion. R= mv qB

Solving for v gives v = 2.62 107 m/s. Then B=

Here, the speed is written as v to remind us that only the component of the velocity vector that is perpendicular to the magnetic eld direction contributes to the circular motion. In this problem, we are told it is circular motion, so we know that the velocity is purely perpendicular to the magnetic eld direction. We are given numbers for all of the other quantities in this equation, so simply solve it for v . v = 6.90 103 m 1.60 1019 C (2.60 T) RqB = m 3.34 1027 kg = 8.594 105 m/s

OH11-05 An electron enters a uniform magnetic eld with magnitude 0.3 T at a 45 angle to B. Determine the radius r and pitch p (distance between loops) of the electrons helical path, assuming its speed is 2 106 m/s.

(b) For this part, we must recall concepts from Physics 11. We are looking for the time t to complete half a revolution, or to travel a distance d of half the circumference of the circular orbit. Since d = R, and the speed v of the particle in its circular orbit is constant, we have R = v t = t = R/v Then t= 6.90 10 m R = = 2.52 108 s = 25.2 ns v 8.594 105 m/s
3

Since v makes an angle of 45 with B, the components of v parallel and perpendicular to B (v and v ) both have the value v0 / 2 (since sin = cos = 1/ 2 for = 45 ), where v0 is the given speed 2.0 106 m/s. We get the radius of the circular motion using v : (9.11 1031 )(2.0 106 / 2) me v = = 26.8 m r= eB (1.6 1019 )(0.30) The time to make one loop of circular motion is t = 2r 2me v 2me = = . v eBv eB

(c) This type of problem can be solved by conservation of energy. See example 23.7 in the textbook for a reminder. The particles gain in kinetic energy is equal to its loss in potential energy. In this case, the particle starts from rest.

The pitch is the distance travelled parallel to B (at speed v ) in time t (one loop): p = v t = 2me v = 1.69 104 m = 169 m eB