Sentence Outline

Name: ONeil Martin I.D #: 1106600 Topic: Genetically modified Foods: Helpful or Harmful Narrowed Topic: Genetically Modified Foods are Helpful to consumers Purpose: To persuade the general public about the benefits of the production and continuation of research on Genetically Modified Foods. Thesis Statement: Despite the increasing controversy over the production of Genetically Modified Foods, they are helpful because they provide greater nutrition, compared to regular foods, are safer to produce and can eliminate the limited availability of foods.

Introduction:

Definition of key terms Background Information on genetically modified foods

Claims I. Genetically modified foods are engineered to produce needed amounts of nutrition in the human body. A. Essential amino acids needed for cell growth and repairs have been introduced into genetically modified foods. (Chakraborty, S 2000) B. The right nutritional content is capable of maintaining and repairing cells in the body. C. Malnutrition carries deficiencies; genetically modified foods can prevent prolonged occurrences. (Beyer, P 2005).

II.

The environment has benefited from the production of genetically modified foods, thus they are safer to produce. A. According to Tim Seifert (2010) pesticides are less or non existent when growing genetically modified foods. B. Gregory Jaffe (2001) claims that the production of genetically modified foods enables Farmers to till the soil less often, which means less water pollution and soil erosion. C. Genetically modified foods are also made to be drought tolerant, enabling them to be grown in very dry areas. (African Centre for Biosafety, 2007)

III.

Genetically Modified foods are a possible way to solve food shortage problems.

A. Genetically Modified foods are capable of being grown in and out of season. B. Crops yields are greatly enhanced while producing genetically modified foods (GurianSherman, 2001). C. This approach to agriculture holds the promise of being the most environmentally conservative way to increase our food supply. (Fedoroff, 2004) Counter Claim IV. Some critics claim that genetically modified foods are harmful to consumers and should not be produced. A. According to Jeffrey Smith (2010), genetically modified foods have health risks, and consumers will stop buying them eventually. B. Dr Stanley Ewen (2010) believes that Genetically Modified foods could increase the risk of stomach and colon cancers. C. Critics believe that certain allergens from genetically modified foods are affecting persons who consume them. Pusztai (2001)

Refutation V. The notion that genetically modified foods may cause adverse effects on consumers has been entirely based on speculation. Researchers have conducted many tests, proving that genetically modified foods, have not caused any harmful effects on consumers. A. According to James Maryanski, PHD (2010), Research has always been the pioneering action for any great idea; genetically modified foods as such have been tested and retested before going on the market. B. There has been no official link between genetically modified foods and any form of cancer. C. Research has detected allergens in a particular soybean product, but this was never marketed. (Gurian-Sherman 2001).

VI.

Concluding Paragraph

References African Centre for Biosafety (2007) In, Monsantos Genetically Modified drought tolerant maize, Retrieved October 4, 2011 from http://www.biosafetyinfo.net/file_dir/4871488837158955b.pdf Al-Babili, S., Beyer, P. (2005) In TRENDS in Plant Science Vol.10 No.12 Anonymous. (n.d) Pesticide and Environmental Update. (n.d.) In GM food can cause cancer. Retrieved October 11, 2011, from http://www.ghorganics.com/GM%20food%20can%20cause%20cancer.htm Anonymous. (n,d) National Centre for Biotechnology Education (2006) In NCBE GeneticallyModified Foods. Retrieved October 11, 2011, from http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/GMFOOD/menu.html Anonymous, (2008) In Genetically modified (GM) foods - renewed threat to Europe. Retrieved October 9, 2011, from http://www.bangmfood.org/publications/4-short-leaflets/1genetically-modified-gm-foods-renewed-threat-to-europe Anonymous (n.d.) In Are Biotech Foods Safe to Eat? Retrieved October 8, 2011, from http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/are-biotech-foods-safe-to-eat Anonymous (1999) In Genetically modified food is safe and tasty. Retrieved October 8, 2011, from http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/genetically-modified-food-is-safe-andtasty-737887.html

Chakraborty,S., Chakraborty,N., Datta, A.(2000) In, Increased nutritive value of transgenic potato by expressing a nonallergenic seed albumin gene from Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Retrieved October 8, 2011 from http://www.pnas.org/content/97/7/3724.abstract?ijkey=4880645fbeffbb5994d31f7981f05 1724ddf482d&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha Chopra P. (n.d.) In Genetically modified crops in India. Retrieved October 8, 2011, from http://paraschopra.com/publications/gm.pdf Datta, A., Raina, A., Biswas, S. (1998). U.S. Patent No. 5, 846,736: U.S. Fedoroff, N., Brown, N M (2004) in Mendel in the Kitchen Herman, E. (n.d.) In Genetically modified soybeans and food allergies. Retrieved October 8, 2011, from http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/386/1317.full Ivey, D. (2010). In Are genetically modified foods harmful? Retrieved October 11, 2011, from http://www.illinoistimes.com/Springfield/article-7240-are-genetically-modified-foodsharmful.html

Maryanski, J H, (2010) In, Genetically Engineered Foods, Retrieved October 3, 2011 from http://www.fda.gov/newsevents/testimony/ucm115032.htm

National Research Council (2010) In, Biotech Crops Benefit Environment & Farmers, Research Group Finds, Retrieved October 6, 2011 from http://planetsave.com/2010/06/09/biotechcrops-benefit-environment-farmers-research-group-finds/

Pusztai, A. (2001) In, Genetically Modified Foods: Are They a Risk to Human/Animal Health? Retrieved October 8, 2011 from http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/pusztai.html#fullbio

Smith, J. (2011). In 10 Reasons to avoid GMOs. Retrieved October 11, 2011, from http://www.responsibletechnology.org/ Sherman D.G., Jaff G. (2001) In Genetically Engineered Foods. Retrieved October 8, 2011, from http://www.cspinet.org/nah/11_01/