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I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
People all over the world use language to communicate their idea their thought or even their feeling. They speak in many kinds of language such as English Bahasa Indonesia Spanish Japanesse and so much more. Even though there is lot of languages in Indonesia being used for example Javanese Sundanese bahasa Indonesia itself and so on. Now there are a lot of Indonesian people interested in learning English as foreign language because they know that English is the international language used in many countries.
In learning English as a foreign language we have to master idiomatic expressions because they are frequently used in both oral and written language. For instance in written language we often found some idiomatic expressions in some literary works that we have read. Some authors often include some idiomatic expressions in order to make their work more interesting and communicative. We can also find some idiomatic expressions in novel Curtain by Agatha Christie.
According to Hurford and Heasley (1983:1), semantics is the study of meaning in language. Language is a means of communication, and people use language to communicate with others by making conversations, giving information, and other things to make social relationship. Hurford and Heasley (1983: 14) further explain that the study of semantics is largely a matter of conceptually and exploring the nature of meaning in a careful and thoughtful way, using a wide range of examples, many of which we can draw from our knowledge.
2.2 IDIOMS
There is a little attempt to define idioms here except to assume that an idiom is a phrase which has a meaning different from the meanings of its component parts. This explains why an idiom can not be translated literally from one language to another without some change in its meaning or connotation (Dixson 1983: 1). Another definition is stated by Hornby (1987:6) that idiom is a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not obvious through knowledge of the individual meanings of the constituent words but must be learnt as a whole.
2.4.1 Substitutes 2.4.2 Proper Names 2.4.3 Abbreviation 2.4.4 English Phrasal Compounds 2.4.5 Figures of Speech 2.4.6 Slang
2.5 NOVEL
The novel is a part of literary works. Hornby (1987:496) states that literature is writing valued as work of art (drama, fiction, essay, poetry, and biography) constructed with technical books and journalism.
III.
RESEARCH METHOD
3.1Research Design
The data for this research is not numeric, because this research is a qualitative study. A qualitative study is a study in which the collected data are in the form of sentences. They are arranged, classified, and then analyzed to get a conclusion. Furthermore, they are marked in percentage form. (Surachmad 1985:140) In this research, the method used is the descriptive method, a method in which the researcher needs only to collect and analyze the data, and finally draw a general conclusion.
To make this step easier, a table is needed. The table consists of the data that have been identified before. Below is the form of the table:
NO IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS MEANING PAGE LINE NO OF TITLE UTTERANCE
REFERENCES
Christie Agatha. Curtain: The Ebook Version (Downloaded March 15th 2010). Cooper. 1986. Processing of Idioms in L2 Learners of English: Tesol Quarterly, Vol.33, No.2. Hornby, A. S. 1992. Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary of Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Leech, G. N. 1983. Principle and Pragmatics. New York: Longman. Lyons, J. 1977. Semantics. London: Cambridge University Press. Mc Callum, G. 1817. Idiom Drills for Students of English as a Second Language Second Edition. New york: HARPER & ROW, PUBLISHERS. Mc Carthy, M and Felicity, O. D. 1994. English Vocabulary in Use. Cambridge University Press