Chng 1

H thng iu khin phn tn

Chng 1: M u

8/17/2006

Chng 1: M u
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Mc ch v phm vi cp ca mn hc Cc ni dung c bn ca bi ging Phng php hc v nh gi kt qu Cc ngun ti liu tham kho Gii thiu cc khi nim c bn Tng quan cc lnh vc ng dng Lc s pht trin cc gii php iu khin S tin ha ti cc h thng iu khin phn tn

Chng 1: M u

2006 - HMS

1.1 Mc ch v phm vi cp
Phm vi cp Cc h thng iu khin hin i c kin trc phn tn trong cng nghip cng nh trong nhiu lnh vc khc Mc ch: Sinh vin nm c Cc khi nim c bn v tng quan v cc HTK&GS hin i trong cng nghip "state of the art" trong cng ngh HTK, kin trc gii php K, truyn thng CN, cng ngh PM S lc v cc nhim v pht trin, cc nguyn tc c bn trong thit k gii php h thng iu khin cng nghip
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V d: PlantScape (Honeywell)

Chng 1: M u

2006 - HMS

V d: PlantScape (Honeywell)

Chng 1: M u

2006 - HMS

Tnh cht lin ngnh ca mn hc

H phn tn

Cng ngh truyn thng

(Communication)

Khoa hc my tnh
(Computer)

H iu khin phn tn

Mng truyn thng cng nghip

K thut iu khin
(Control)

Cng ngh phn mm K-TH

iu khin qu trnh

iu khin my iu khin chuyn ng

M HNH 3C+ (Control + Computer + Communication + )

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Ni dung c bn
Cu trc cc h thng iu khin v gim st: M hnh phn cp, cc thnh phn chc nng c bn Cc kin trc v gii php h thng iu khin phn tn (DCS, PLC-based DCS, PC-based DCS, FCS) C s l lun ca iu khin phn tn C s cng ngh phn mm: X l phn tn, cng ngh hng i tng, phn mm thnh phn H thng iu khin gim st v thu thp d liu (SCADA) Cc chun giao tip cng nghip: MMS, OPC, XML,... tin cy v tnh sn sng ca h thng Cc hng nghin cu v ng dng
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Phn b chng trnh

14 bi ging 2 hai bui thc hnh: Lp trnh phn tn vi m hnh COM/DCOM
Lp trnh COM-Server s dng Visual C++ Lp trnh COM-Client (HMI) s dng Visual Basic

Tiu lun (nhm 2/4 ngi):

bi vit 15-20 trang trnh by 15 pht tho lun 5-10 pht

Chng 1: M u

2006 - HMS

1.2 Phng php hc v nh gi

Nghe, c, hi, tho lun, trnh by Thc hnh v ch ng lin h thc t nh gi kt hp trnh by tiu lun v thi trc nghim (khng s dng ti liu)

Bi ging Ti liu Thc hnh

Tiu lun (30%) im Trc nghim (70%)

Chng 1: M u

2006 - HMS

Ti liu tham kho

a CD tp hp ti liu t nhiu ngun khc nhau
Bi ging (2003, cha cp nht) Ti liu sn phm, gii thiu sn phm ca nhiu hng Mt s chun quc t quan trng

Tp ch T ng ha ngy nay, chuyn san c bit 2004/2006 (T ng ha - olng - iu khin) Cc trang Web: www.controleng.com, www.automationtechies.com, www.abb.com, www.ad.siemens.de, www.easydeltav.com, ...

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1.3 Mt s khi nim c bn

H thng iu khin v gim st (HTK&GS)
Phm vi quan tm VN HNH & GIM ST HT VN HNH & GIM ST IU KHIN CAO CP

Tham s u vo

Trng thi

AN TON H THNG

IU KHIN C S

THIT B IU KHIN

u ra

THIT B O

THIT B CHP HNH H THNG K THUT (My mc, qu trnh cng ngh)

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Cc chc nng h thng

iu khin c s:
iu chnh t ng (regulatory control) iu khin servo, K bm (servo mechanism, tracking problem) iu khin ri rc (discrete control) iu khin trnh t (sequence control)

iu khin vn hnh & gim st:

Giao din ngi my (Human-Machine-Interface, HMI) Qun l d liu qu trnh (process data management) Lp bo co t ng (reporting)

iu khin cao cp:

iu khin m (batch control) iu khin cht lng (quality control) iu khin ti u, ti u ha qu trnh (process optimisation)

An ton h thng:
Kha lin ng, Cnh gii, bo ng
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H iu khin phn tn
HTK&GS tch hp ton din c kin trc phn tn Cng ngh iu khin s hon ton Phn tn v cu trc h thng v phn tn v chc nng iu khin Cc thnh phn c tch hp cht ch qua mng truyn cng nghip v cc giao thc chun Hu nh ton b cc h thng K&GS hin i trong cc ngnh cng nghip ch bin l cc h iu khin phn tn Cc HKPT cng ngy cng c vai tr quan trng, ch cht trong cc lnh vc khc
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H KPT <> h DCS?

DCS (Distributed Control System): Mt kin trc gii php iu khin phn tn (phn bit vi PLC, PC,...) Mt h DCS l mt h iu khin phn tn Mt h KPT khng bt buc phi l mt h DCS (lu cch vit tt tr thnh mt tn ring ging nh PLC) Khi nim DCS khng cn mi, nhiu h iu khin hin i c kin trc DCS khng c gi vi ci tn DCS

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H KPT <> H SCADA <> DCS?

SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition): H thng hoc chc nng Thu thp d liu & iu khin gim st Mt h SCADA thng l mt h KPT (ngha rng) Mt h DCS c chc nng SCADA Mt h SCADA khng c chc nng iu khin c s => khng bao gi c gi mt h DCS, mc d n c th c xy dng trn c s cc thnh phn ca mt h DCS

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1.4 Tng quan cc lnh vc ng dng

Nghin cu c im cc lnh vc ng dng Lm r cc bi ton iu khin tiu biu Tm ra gii php h thng iu khin ph hp

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T ng ha qu trnh (process automation)

Phm vi ng dng quan trng nht ca cc HKPT Cng nghip ch bin, khai thc, nng lng (gi chung l cng nghip ch bin, process industry): ha cht, du kh, thc phm, dc phm, sn xut in nng,... Qui m ln, u t chi ph cao, th trng sn phm ln Cc qu trnh vn hnh lin tc hoc theo m, cc bin qu trnh c gi tr tng t Yu cu cao v tin cy, an ton h thng, cht lng sn phm, hiu qu sn xut v bo v mi trng Vai tr rt quan trng ca iu khin qu trnh (process control): iu chnh, hin th, gim st, ghi chp, lu tr,... Th trng ln nht ca cc sn phm t ng ha (DCS, PLC, PC, HMI, SCADA,...) Yu cu nng lc rt cao ca cc cng ty tch hp h thng
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T ng ha x nghip (factory automation)

Cng nghip ch to, lp rp (manufactoring): xe hi, in t, my cng c, nha, ng bao,... Qui m sn xut va v nh Cc qu trnh ri rc, vn hnh gin on, cc qu trnh din ra rt nhanh (cc qu trnh c in) Yu cu cao v tc , chnh xc, s linh hot, tnh tch hp cao gia cc cp => CIM (computer integrated manufactoring) Vai tr c bit quan trng ca iu khin ri rc (discrete control) v iu khin chuyn ng (motion control) Cc gii php iu khin tiu biu: PLC, PC, CNC, Robot Cc h iu khin phn tn cng ngy cng c ng dng nhiu hn (trn nn PLC, PC, h iu khin lai,...)
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T ng ha ta nh (building automation)
Cng s, trung tm thng mi, khch sn, nh ga, sn bay, bnh vin,... Cc h thng l si, iu ha, ng m ca, thang my, gara, chiu sng, cnh bo chy, .. Phm vi a l tng i hp nhng mc hn tp cao, s lng thit b ln => KPT l gii php l tng => Building Management Systems (BMS)

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K&GS cc h thng giao thng-vn ti

H thng n tn hiu giao thng, n chiu sng th, iu khin sn bay, khng lu, iu vn bn cng, nh ga, iu hnh xe but, xe la, gim st cc trc l giao thng Qui m va v ln, phm vi a l rng, i tng hn hp, bn cht phn tn c hu ng dng HKPT trn c s tch hp cc thnh phn hn hp (t khi t mt dng sn phm duy nht!)

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K&GS cc h thng phn phi

H thng mng li cung cp in, h thng ng ng dn du, kh, h thng cung cp nc sch Qui m ln v rt ln, phm vi a l rt rng, i tng hn hp, bn cht phn tn c hu HKPT phn cp mnh, ng dng cc chun giao tip cng nghip l vn ct li.

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Cc lnh vc ng dng khc

K&GS cc h thng vin thng K&GS cc h thng quc phng K&GS cc h thng thy li, mi trng,...

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1.5 Lc s cc gii php iu khin CN

T NG HA QU TRNH (Cng nghip ch bin, khai thc) Cc b iu chnh c

T NG HA X NGHIP (Cng nghip ch to, lp rp) Cc thit b c kh Rle in c, (1920) Cc mch logic lp trnh cng (PLD, 1960)

Thit b iu chnh PID kh nn (1920-1930) Thit b iu chnh PID in t (1940-1950) iu khin s trc tip (DDC, 1965-1975)

Thit b iu khin kh trnh (PLC, 1970)

B iu chnh s gn (CDC, 1980)

H KPT tch hp (DCS, 1975) PLC-based DCS PLC mm (Soft-PLC, 1996)

PC cng nghip (IPC) PC-104, CompactPCI, SBC (PC-based Control) PC-based DCS

H iu khin lai H iu khin trng (FCS, 2000)

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Xu hng th trng sn phm

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Ti sao iu khin phn tn?

Xu hng tt yu ca s tin ha, tng t nh s tin ha ca x hi loi ngi:
X hi nguyn thy: Cc b lc ring l, cc b, phn tn (so snh vi thi k iu khin tng t) X hi phong kin: Nh nc qun ch tp trung (so snh vi thi k iu khin s trc tip) X hi hin i: Nn kinh t th trng, nh nc ng vai tr iu chnh, iu phi => kin trc phn tn (so snh vi cng ngh iu khin hin ti) ...

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L do c bn: Cng ngh HT K

u im + kh nng thc hin + yu cu t ngi s dng:
X l thng tin, iu khin ti ch => thi gian p ng nhanh hn, tin cy cao hn Nng cao hiu nng h thng nh x l song song v x l phn cp n gin ha cc cng vic xy dng v bo tr h thng nh cu trc module Gim chi ph v thi gian xy dng h thng nh quan im tch hp h thng da trn cc cng ngh thnh phn
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L do c bn: Cng ngh HT K (tip)

Cc tin b (k thut v gi thnh) trong cng ngh vi x l cho cc thit b o lng, iu khin v chp hnh Cc tin b trong cng ngh truyn thng cng nghip Cc tin b trong cng ngh phn mm Yu cu ngy cng cao v kh nng vn hnh, cht lng sn phm, hiu qu sn xut, an ton h thng, bo v mi trng trong th trng cnh tranh mnh.

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Tin ha ca cc kin trc iu khin

HIU NNG CAO HN LINH HOT HN TIN CY HN
PLC DCS PLC DCS Tr tu phn tn (iu khin phn tn thc) NCS FCS

CPU

DDC PLC

I/O

I/O

iu khin phn tn

Vo/ra phn tn

Xu hng: Phn tn ha Mm ha Chun ha

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iu khin Chng 1: tp trung M u