Determination of Crack width for 1300mm dia Pile subjected to Axial Load & Moment.

Material parameters Grade of concrete Characteristic strength of concrete Grade of steel Yield stress of steel Max. Permissible stresses in concrete in compresssion (Bending) Max. Permissible stresses for steel in flexural tension Modular ratio Member forces Axial load on pile Moment on the pile Moment on the pile Resultant Moment on Pile Check for eccentricity Eccentricity = M/P = e = 149.90 cm 16.3 cm 130 cm 65 cm 60 Nos 25 mm 294.52 cm2 7.5 cm 9.55 cm 110.9 cm 55.5 cm 120.5 cm (0.125 x D) Limit of eccentricity for the entire cross section to be in compression Geometrical parameters used in the evaluation of crack width of the pile Diameter of Pile No of longitudinal rebars Diameter of longitudinal rebars Area of the longitudinal reinforcment Clear cover to reinforcement Effective cover = clear cover + cg of the rebar = 1300 mm = D R Nb rebar Ast c dc = = = = = = = Distance between centre of the section to the outer most fibre = = = = 100.2 T 1 T.m 150.2 T.m 150.20 T.m = = = = P My Mz MRes = = = = 100200 kg 100000 kg.cm 15020000 kg.cm 15020333 kg.cm m 1.5 x m fy fck = = = = = = = = M 45 45 N/mm2 Fe 415 415 N/mm2 14.5 N/mm2 165 N/mm2 6.44 9.66 cl no.8.3.4 of IS: 4651-part 4

cbc

>

Assuming that the steel bars are equivalent to a thin shell of the same cross sectional area Dshell Diameter of thin shell of reinforcement = Distance between centre of section to cg of main steel (inner radius) Effective depth of pile cross section Secondary parameters used in the evaluation of crack width of the pile ir deff = =

Cos =
Cos =

Nd0.5D 0 .5D
r

Cos

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

-0.259 -0.303 0.966 0.953 1.8325 radians 1.8790 radians 0.866 -0.500 -0.578 0.845 cm 0.4000 48.18 cm 1862 fs1 532 fs1 1058 fs1

Nd0. 5 D

Cos Sin Sin

Nd R

d
A

Sin 4 Sin 2 Sin 2
Ast / (2 r) tshell N dn Cc Cs Ts

Determination of neutral axis Thickness of thin shell of reinforcement Assuming Neutral axis depth Coefficient Depth of Neutral axis (N x deff) Expressions for evaluating fs1 from P Total compression in concrete above neutral axis, Cc Total compression in steel above neutral axis, Cs Total tension in steel below neutral axis, Ts Expressions for evaluating fs2 from M 1 of 2

Determination of Crack width for 1300mm dia Pile subjected to Axial Load & Moment.
Moment of compression in concrete about the centre line of section Moment of compression in steel about the centre line of section Moment of tension in steel about the centre line of section Net axial stresses on the pile section Net bending stresses on the pile section Evaluation of extreme fibre stress in concrete Evaluation of extreme fibre stress in concrete by first condition of equilibrium, i.e, P = 0 Axial Load, P = (Cc + Cs - Ts) x fs1 fs1 = P/Caxial = 75 kg/cm2 100 kg/cm2 139578 kg 39888 kg 79269 kg 8345164 kg.cm 2513108 kg.cm 4162050 kg.cm MCc MCs MTs Caxial Cben = = = = = 83703 fs2 25207 fs2 41746 fs2 1337 fs1 150655 fs2

Evaluation of extreme fibre stress in concrete by second condition of equilibrium, i.e, M = 0 Moment, M = (MCc + MCs + MTs) x fs2 fs2 = M/Cben = Evaluation of internal forces & moments on cross section of pile Total compression in concrete above neutral axis Total compression in steel above neutral axis Total tension in steel below neutral axis Moment of compression in concrete about the centre line of section Moment of compression in steel about the centre line of section Moment of tension in steel about the centre line of section Cc Cs Ts MCc MCs MTs = = = = = =

Evaluation of distance of centroid of tensile steel from centre of cross section of the pile The distance of centroid of tensile steel, which is in the form of an arc of a circle, from the centre of the cross section of the pile has been evaluated.

sin cg = r ra dians

cg

28.12 cm

Evaluation of extreme fibre stress in concrete The mean value of fs1 & fs2 has been adopted as the final extreme fibre stress in concrete fs1 fs2 Maximum compressive stress, = = = = = 75 kg/cm2 100 kg/cm2 87 kg/cm2 44.94 cm 524 kg/cm2 1682 kg/cm3 Safe

cbc

0.5 x (74.95 + 99.7) (65 + 28.12 - 48.18)

The distance of the centroid of tension steel from neutral axis has been evaluated as under

h1 = R cg d n
st =

The tensile stress at the centroid of tensile steel is evaluated as under

m cbc h1 dn

<

= 7 kips/inch2 The distance from neutral axis to extreme fibre (h2), where crack width is calculated has been evaluated as under

h2 = 2 R d n
Determination of crack width of concrete on tensile face of pile

81.82 cm

The crack width of the pile has been evaluated by the following Gerely - Lutz Equation, given in ACI 318R-95 Commentary of Building code requirements for structural concrete published by the American Concrete Institute.

cw =
=
A =

3 0. 076 st d c A

= =

0.103 mm 1.82

1000

Dis tan ce of extreme tension fibre from Neutral Axis h 2 Dis tan ce of centroid of tension steel from Neutral Axis h 1

Effective tension area of concrete surrounding the flexural tension reinforcement and having the same centroid, as that reinforcement, divided by the total number of bars in the pile

A=
Summary Actual Crack width Permissible Crack width Conclusion = =

D 2 d 2d Nb
0 inches 0.10 mm

= =

103.08 cm2 15.98 sq.inches

<

0.30 mm (Refer Cl 8.3.4 of IS: 4651 (Part-4) - 1989)

Hence safe

As the actual crack width is less than the permitted crack width, the design is safe in Limit state of serviceability. 2 of 2