Alloy Steels A286 Super Alloy

Specifications: AMS 5525, AMS 5726, AMS 5731, AMS 5732, AMS 5734, AMS 5737, AMS 5804, AMS 5805, AMS 5853 AMS 5858, AMS 5895, ASTM A453 GRADE 660, ASTM A638 GRADE 660, GE B50T1181,GE B50T12, B50T81,UNS S66286

A286 is an age-hardenable iron base superalloy for applications requiring high strength from -320F up to 1000F long time, 13001500F short time. Oxidation resistance is high for continuous service to 1500F, intermittent to 1800F. Aqueous corrosion resistance is comparable to 316L stainless. A286 is used for reasonably low cost when moderate strength and oxidation resistance are required at temperatures greater than suitable for stainless steels. Applications for A-286 are, Jet engine components, high temperature fastners, springs, non-magnetic cryogenic equipment and gas turbines. A286 AMS 5731, A286 AMS 5732, A286 AMS 5737 are readily available.

A286 Chemistry, % Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Cobalt Vanadium Aluminum Titanium Boron Carbon Iron Manganese Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur SAE 4340 Alloy Steel
Specifications: AMS 6359, AMS 6409, AMS 6414, AMS 6415, AMS 6454, ASTM A29, ASTM A322, ASTM A331, ASTM A506,ASTM A519, ASTM A646, ASTM A752, ASTM A829, MIL-S-5000, UNS G43400

Min 13.5 24 1 0.1 1.9 0.003 remainder -

Max 16 27 1.5 1 0.5 0.35 2.35 0.01 0.08 2 1 0.025 0.025

AISI 4340 is a heat treatable, low alloy steel containing nickel, chromium and molybdenum. Alloy 4340 is known for its toughness and capability of developing high strength in the heat treated condition while retaining good fatigue strength. Typical applications for 4340 alloy steel are for structural use, such as aircraft landing gear, power transmission gears and shafts and other structural parts. 4340 Steel Aircraft Quality Vacuum Melted Bar per AMS 6414 N&T (Normalized & Tempered) 4340 Steel Aircraft Quality Air Melt Bar per AMS 6415 4340 Steel Aircraft Quality Plate & Sheet per AMS 6454, ASTM A322 SAE 4340 Chemical composition: C=0.40%, Mn=0.7%, Mo=0.25%, Cr=0.8%, Ni-1.8% Property Value in metric unit 7.872 *10 kg/m Density 205 GPa Modulus of elasticity -6 12.6*10 C Thermal expansion (20 C) 477 J/(kg*K) Specific heat capacity 44.6 W/(m*K) Thermal conductivity

Value in US unit 491.4 lb/ft 29700 ksi -6 7.00*10 in/(in* F) 0.114 BTU/(lb*F) 309 BTU*in/(hr*ft*F)

Electric resistivity Tensile strength (annealed) Yield strength (annealed) Elongation (annealed) Hardness (annealed) Tensile strength (normalized) Yield strength (normalized) Elongation (normalized) Hardness (normalized)

2.48*10-7 745 472 28 96 1279 862 20 40 (112)

Ohm*m MPa MPa % RB MPa MPa % RC (RB)

2.48*10-5 108000 68500 22 96 195500 125000 12 40 (112)

Ohm*cm psi psi % RB psi psi % RC (RB)

SAE 4130 Alloy Steel

Specifications: AMS 6345, AMS 6348, AMS 6350, AMS 6351, AMS 6360, AMS 6361,AMS 6362, AMS 6370, AMS 6528, ASTM A29, ASTM A322, ASTM A331, ASTM A506, ASTM A507, ASTM A513, ASTM A519, ASTM A646, ASTM A752, ASTM A829, MIL-S-18729, MIL-S-6758

AISI 4130 is a low alloy steel containing molybdenum and chromium as strengthening agents. The carbon content is nominally 0.30% and with this relatively low carbon content the alloy is excellent from the fusion weldability standpoint. The alloy 4130 can be hardened by heat treatment. Typical applications for 4130 low alloy steel include structural use such as aircraft engine mounts and welded tubing applications. 4130 Steel Aircraft Quality Annealed per AMS-S-6758 4130 Steel Aircaft Quality Annealed per AMS 6348 4130 Steel Aircaft Quality Annealed per AMS 6370 4130 Steel Aircraft Quality Annealed per AMS 6345 N&T 4130 Steel Aircraft Quality Annealed per AMS 6350

SAE 4130 Chemical composition: C=0.30%, Mn=0.5%, Mo=0.20%, Cr=1.0% Property Value in metric unit 7.872 *10 kg/m Density 205 GPa Modulus of elasticity -6 11.2*10 C Thermal expansion (20 C) 477 J/(kg*K) Specific heat capacity 42.7 W/(m*K) Thermal conductivity -7 2.23*10 Ohm*m Electric resistivity 561 MPa Tensile strength (annealed) 361 MPa Yield strength (annealed) 28 % Elongation (annealed) 82 RB Hardness (annealed) 669 MPa Tensile strength (normalized) 436 MPa Yield strength (normalized) 25 % Elongation (normalized) 93 RB Hardness (normalized)

Value in US unit 491.4 lb/ft 29700 ksi -6 6.20*10 in/(in* F) 0.114 BTU/(lb*F) 296 BTU*in/(hr*ft*F) -5 2.23*10 Ohm*cm 81300 psi 52300 psi 28 % 82 RB 97000 psi 63300 psi 25 % 93 RB

SAE 4140 Alloy Steel Specifications: AMS 6349, AMS 6381, AMS 6382, AMS 6390, AMS 6395, AMS 6529, ASTM A193, ASTM A194, ASTM

A29, ASTM A320, ASTM A322, ASTM A331, ASTM A506, ASTM A513, ASTM A519, ASTM A646, ASTM A711, ASTM A752, ASTM A829, UNS G41400

Alloy 4140 is an oil-hardening steel of relatively high hardenability. Its chromium content provides good hardness penetration, and the molybdenum imparts uniformity of hardness and high strength. C4140 responds well to heat-treatment and is comparatively easily machined in the heat-treated condition. With a combination of such highly desirable properties as good strength and wear resistance, excellent toughness, coupled with good ductility, and the ability to resist stress at elevated temperatures. Typical applications for 4140 alloy steel include shafts, gears, bolts, couplings, spindles, tool holders, sprockets, hydraulic machinery shafts, oil industry drill collars,Kelly bars, tools joints. C 0.38 - 0.43 Mn 0.75 - 1.00 P max. 0.035 Si max. 0.04 Mo 0.15 - 0.35 Cr 0.8 - 1.10

SAE 6150 Alloy Steel Specifications: AMS 6448, AMS 6450, AMS 6455, AMS 7301, ASTM A29, ASTM A322, ASTM A331, ASTM A519, ASTM A752, ASTM A829, MIL-S-8503, UNS G61500

6150 is a fine grained, highly abrasion resistant carbon-chromium alloy steel. Very good shock resistance and toughness are also key properties of this alloy in the heat treated condition. Alloy 6150 Commonly employed in heavily stressed machinery parts including shafts, gears, pinions and also in hand tool components.

SAE 6150 Chemical composition: C=0.50%, Mn=0.8%, Cr=0.95%, V=0.15%min Property Value in metric unit 7.872 *10 kg/m Density 205 GPa Modulus of elasticity -6 12.2*10 C Thermal expansion (20 C) 477 J/(kg*K) Specific heat capacity 46.6 W/(m*K) Thermal conductivity 2.34*10-7 Ohm*m Electric resistivity 667 MPa Tensile strength (annealed) 412 MPa Yield strength (annealed) 23 % Elongation (annealed) 92 RB Hardness (annealed) 940 MPa Tensile strength (normalized) 616 MPa Yield strength (normalized) 21 % Elongation (normalized) 28 (104) RC (RB) Hardness (normalized)

Value in US unit 491.4 lb/ft 29700 ksi -6 6.78*10 in/(in* F) 0.114 BTU/(lb*F) 323 BTU*in/(hr*ft*F) 2.34*10-5 Ohm*cm 96800 psi 59800 psi 23 % 92 RB 136300 psi 89300 psi 21 % 28 (104) RC (RB)

SAE 8620 Alloy Steel

Specifications: AMS 6274,AMS 6276, AMS 6277, AMS 6375, ASTM A29, ASTM A322, ASTM A331, ASTM A506, ASTM A507, ASTM A513, ASTM A519, ASTM A646, ASTM A752, ASTM A829, MIL-S-8690, UNS G86200

AISI 8620 an alloy steel designed for case hardening applications. The nickel imparts good toughness and ductility. The chromium and molybdenum contribute increased hardness penetration and wear, that may be carburized. The well balanced alloy content permits hardening to produce a hard wear resistant case combined with a core strength in the order of 125,000 PSI. It has excellent machinability and responds well to polishing applications.. With the balanced analysis, this steel provides, uniform case depth,

hardness and wear properties, and gives the advantage of low distortion. Typical applications for alloy 8620 are caburized splined shafts, piston pins, cam shafts, guide pins, bushings, automotive differential pinions and transmissions, arbors, bearings, sleeves king pins, carburized gears, general engineering purposes.

SAE 8620 Chemical composition: C=0.20%, Mn=0.75%, Mo=0.2%, Cr=0.5%, Ni=0.55% Property Value in metric unit 7.872 *10 kg/m Density 205 GPa Modulus of elasticity 12.2*10-6 C Thermal expansion (20 C) 477 J/(kg*K) Specific heat capacity 46.6 W/(m*K) Thermal conductivity 2.34*10-7 Ohm*m Electric resistivity 536 MPa Tensile strength (annealed) 357 MPa Yield strength (annealed) 31 % Elongation (annealed) 80 RB Hardness (annealed) 633 MPa Tensile strength (normalized) 385 MPa Yield strength (normalized) 26 % Elongation (normalized) 90 RB Hardness (normalized)

Value in US unit 491.4 lb/ft 29700 ksi 6.78*10-6 in/(in* F) 0.114 BTU/(lb*F) 323 BTU*in/(hr*ft*F) 2.34*10-5 Ohm*cm 77800 psi 55900 psi 31 % 80 RB 91800 psi 81800 psi 26 % 90 RB

Aluminum Alloy
Admired for its lightweight, high strength to weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and ease of machinability, aluminum is often referred to as "the wonder metal" and is considered the ideal material choice for a variety of today's critical applications.Aluminum Alloy is used extensively in modern aircraft due to its high strength to weight ratio. Aluminum Alloy is available in cold finished and extruded rod and bar, plate, pipe and tubing, and sheet. We can provide material in standard sizes, or custom processed to meet your specific requirements. Product details The International Alloy Designation System is the most widely accepted naming scheme for wrought alloys. Each alloy is given a four-digit number, where the first digit indicates the major alloying elements. 1000 series are essentially pure aluminum with a minimum 99% aluminum content by weight and can be work hardened. 2000 series are alloyed with copper, can be precipitation hardened to strengths comparable to steel. Formerly referred to as duralumin, they were once the most common aerospace alloys, but were susceptible to stress corrosion cracking and are increasingly replaced by 7000 series in new designs. 3000 series are alloyed with manganese, and can be work-hardened. 4000 series are alloyed with silicon. They are also known as silumin. 5000 series are alloyed with magnesium, derive most of their strength from work hardening. It is suitable for cryogenic applications and low temperature work. However is susceptible to corrosion above 60C. 6000 series are alloyed with magnesium and silicon, are easy to machine, and can be precipitation-hardened, but not to the high strengths that 2000, and 7000 can reach. 7000 series are alloyed with zinc, and can be precipitation hardened to the highest strengths of any aluminum alloy. 8000 series is a category mainly used for lithium alloys.

Heat temper grades for Aluminum: O,T3,T351, T3511, T4, T42, T6, T651, T6511,T7,T8 Aerospace Alloys The following aluminum alloys are commonly used in aircraft and other aerospace structures: 7075 Aluminum Alloy 7075 is an aluminum alloy, with zinc as the primary alloying element. It is strong, with good fatigue strength and average machinability, but has less resistance to corrosion than many other alloys. Its relatively high cost limits its use to applications where cheaper alloys are not suitable.7075 aluminum alloy's composition includes 5.1-6.1% zinc, 2.1-2.9% magnesium, 1.2-2.0% copper, and less than half a percent of silicon, iron, manganese, titanium, chromium, and other metals. It is commonly produced in several heat temper grades, 7075-O, 7075-T351, 7075-T6, 7075-T651, . 7050 Aluminium Alloy 7050 Aluminum alloy is the premier choice for aerospace applications requiring the best combination of strength, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance and toughness. It is particularly suited for plate applications in the 3 to 6 inch (76.20 to 152.40mm) thickness range. Alloy 7050 exhibits better toughness/corrosion resistance characteristics than alloy 7075. Because it is less quench sensitive than most aerospace aluminum alloys, 7050 retains its strength properties in thicker sections while maintaining good stress corrosion cracking resistance and fracture toughness levels. 6061 Aluminum Alloy 6061 is a precipitation hardening aluminum alloy, containing magnesium and silicon as its major alloying elements. It has good mechanical properties and exhibits good weldability. It is one of the most common alloys of aluminum for general purpose use.It is commonly available in pre-tempered grades such as, 6061-O (solutionized), 6061-T6 (solutionized and artificially aged), 6061-T651 (solutionized, stress-relieved stretched and artificially aged). 6063 Aluminum Alloy

6063 is an aluminum alloy, with magnesium and silicon as the alloying elements. The standard controlling its composition is maintained by The Aluminum Association. It has generally good mechanical properties and is heat treatable and weldable. It is similar to the British aluminum alloy HE9.6063 is mostly used in extruded shapes for architecture, particularly window frames, door frames, and roofs. It is typically produced with very smooth surfaces fit for anodizing. It is commonly produced in several heat temper grades 6063-O, 6063-T1, 6063-T4, 6063-T5, 6063-T6. It is also produced in tempers T52, T53, T54, T55, and T832, with various improved properties. 2024 Aluminum Alloy 2024 is an aluminum alloy, with copper and magnesium as the alloying elements. It is used in applications requiring high strength to weight ratio, as well as good fatigue resistance. It is not weldable, and has average machinability. Due to poor corrosion resistance, it is often clad with aluminum or Al-1Zn for protection, although this may reduce the fatigue strength. 2024 is widely used in aircraft structures, especially wing and fuselage structures under tension. 2124 Aluminum Alloy Plate 2124 aluminum alloy plate was developed primarily for elevated temperature applications requiring guaranteed fracture toughness and improved short transverse properties in plate gauges over 1.0 inches (25.40 mm) thick. This plate alloy also exhibits good strength retention and creep resistance at elevated temperatures up to 350 F (177C). Fracture toughness levels of 2124-T851 plate are substantially higher than 2024-T851. Alloy 2124-T851 is recommended for moderately elevated temperature applications (250-350F, 121-177C) requiring better short-transverse ductility and fracture toughness guarantees than are available with 2024-T851 plate. The primary use is machined fuselage bulkheads and wing skins in high-performance military aircraft. Marine Alloys These alloys are used for boat building and shipbuilding, and other marine and salt-water sensitive shore applications. 5052 Aluminum Alloy 5052 is one of the higher strength non-heat-treatable alloys. It has a high fatigue strength and is a good choice for structures subjected to excessive vibration. The alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, particularly in marine atmospheres. The formability of the grade is excellent and in the annealed condition it offers higher strengths than 1100 or 3003 grades. 5083 Aluminum Alloy 5083 is an aluminum alloy suitable for cryogenic applications down to design temperatures of minus 165 C, since alloys of this type do not show the ductile/brittle transition phenomenon. Apart from aluminum, the main other ingredient is magnesium. 5086 Aluminum Alloy 5086 is an aluminum alloy, primarily alloyed with magnesium. It is not strengthened by heat treatment, instead becoming stronger due to strain hardening, or cold mechanical working of the material.Since heat treatment doesn't strongly affect the strength, 5086 can be readily welded and retain most of its mechanical strength. The good results with welding and good corrosion properties in seawater make 5086 extremely popular for building boat and yacht hulls.

Hastelloy X

Hastelloy X is a Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum alloy with an exceptional combination of oxidation resistance, ease of fabrication and high temperature strength. It has also been found to be exceptionally resistant to stress corrosion cracking in petrochemical applications. Applications include gas turbine engine components, industrial furnace applications, chemical processing and petrochemical industry.

Chemical Analysis of ALLOY X C .05 .15 MN 1.0 max P 0.04 max S 0.03 max Si 1.0 max Cr 20.5 23.0 Ni bal Mo 8.0 10.0 Cu Co 0.5 2.5 Cb Ti Al . Fe 17.0 20.0 W 0.2 1.0 Other

Specifications Sheet/Plate ASME SB-435 AMS 5536 Round Bar/Wire ASME SB-572 AMS 5754 AMS 5798 Pipe ASME SB-622 ASME SB-829 ASME SB-619 ASME SB-775 Tube ASME SB-626 ASME SB-751 ASME SB-622 AMS 5587 Fittings ASME SB-366 Forgings AMS

Hastelloy C 276
Hastelloy C 276, This Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium alloy with the addition of Tungsten has excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of corrosive media and is especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Applications include pollution control, chemical processing, waste treatment, pulp and paper production.

Chemical Analysis of Alloy C276 C .01 max MN 1.00 max P .04 max S .03 max Si .08 max Cr 14.5 16.5 Ni rem Mo 15.0 17.0 Cu Co 2.5 max Cb+Ta Ti Al Fe 4.0 7.0 W 3.0 4.5 V .35 max

Specifications Sheet/Plate ASME SB-575 Round Bar ASME SB-574 Pipe ASME SB-622 ASME SB-619 ASME SB-775 Tube ASME SB-622 ASME SB-516 ASME SB-626 Fittings ASME SB-366 Forgings ASME SB-564

Inconel 625 Alloy (Acid resistant, good weldability)

Specifications: AMS 5599, AMS 5869, AMS 5666, AMS 5837, ASME SB-443, ASME SB-446

Inconel 625 a Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum alloy with excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of corrosive media, being especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Inconel 625 is a favorable choice for sea water applications. Applications include the marine and aerospace industries, chemical processing, nuclear reactors and pollution control equipment.
Chemical Analysis of ALLOY 625 C .10 MN .50 max P .015 max S .015 max Si .50 max Cr 20.0 23.0 Ni 58.0 min Mo 8.0 10.0 Cu Co 1.0 max Cb+Ta Ti 0.40 max Al 0.40 max Fe 5.0 max Nb 3.15 4.15 Other

Specifications for Inconel 625

International Specifications Sheet/Plate BS 3072, BS 3074, BS 3076, NA 21 DIN 17744, DIN 17750, DIN 17751, DIN 17752, DIN 17754. Werkstoff Nr. 2.4856 AFNOR NC 22 D Nb ASME SB443 AMS 5599 AMS 5869 Round Bar/Wire ASME SB-446 AMS 5666 AMS 5837 Pipe ASME SB-444 ASME SB-829 ASME SB-775 ASME SB-705 Tube Fittings Forgings

ASME SB-444 ASME SB-366 ASME SB-564 ASME SB-829 AMS 5666 ASME SB-751 ASME SB-704 AMS 5581

Inconel 718 Alloy (Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability)
Specifications: AMS 5596, AMS 5662, AMS 5663, AMS 5832

Inconel 718 a Nickel-Chromium alloy being precipitation hardenable and having high creep-rupture strength at high temperatures to about 700C. It has higher strength than Inconel X-750 and better mechanical properties at lower temperatures than Nimonic 90 and Inconel X-750. Applications include gas turbines, rocket motors, space craft, nuclear reactors and pumps.

Chemical Analysis of Alloy 718

C MN P S Si Cr 19 Ni 52.5 Mo 3.05 Cu Co 1 max Cb+Ta 5.13 Ti .9 Al .5 Fe 18.5 Other Other

Specifications for Inconel 718

Sheet / Plate AMS 5596

Round Bar AMS 5662 AMS 5663

Weld Wire AMS 5832

Inconel 600 Alloy (Solid solution strengthened)

Alloy 600 is a nonmagnetic, nickel-based high temperature alloy possessing an excellent combination of high strength, hot and cold workability, and resistance to ordinary form of corrosion.This alloy also displays good heat resistance and freedom from aging or stress corrosion throughout the annealed to heavily cold worked condition range.

Chemical Analysis of ALLOY 600 C .15 max MN 1.0 max P S .015 max Si .5 max Cr 14.0 -17.0 Ni 72.0 min Mo Cu .5 max Co Cb+Ta Ti Al Fe 6.0 - 10.0 Other

Specifications Sheet/Plate ASME SB-168 AMS 5540 Round Bar ASME SB-166 AMS 5665 Pipe ASME SB-167 ASME SB-829 ASME SB-517 ASME SB-775 Tube ASME SB-163 ASME SB-516 ASME SB751 AMS 5580 Fittings ASME SB-366 Forgings ASME SB-564 AMS 5665

Monel 400
A Nickel-Copper alloy with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance in a range of acidic and alkaline situations and especially suitable for reducing conditions. It also has good ductility and thermal conductivity. Applications include marine engineering, chemical and hydro-carbon processing equipment, heat exchangers, valves and pumps.

Chemical Analysis of ALLOY 400 C .3 max MN 2.0 max P S .024 max Si .5 max Cr Ni 63.0 min Mo Cu 28 - 34 Co Cb+Ta Ti Al Fe 2.5 max Other Other

Specifications Sheet/Plate ASME SB-127 AMS 4544 Round Bar ASME SB-164 QQ-N-281 Pipe ASME SB-165 ASME SB-829 ASME SB-775 ASME SB-725 Tube ASME SB-165 ASME SB-163 ASME SB-730 ASME SB-751 Fittings ASME SB-366 Forgings ASME SB-564

Monel K500
A precipitation-hardenable nickel-copper alloy that combines the corrosion resistance of MONEL alloy 400 with greater strength and hardness. It also has low permeability and is nonmagnetic to under -150F (-101C). Used for pump shafts, oil-well tools and instruments, doctor blades and scrapers,springs,valvetrim,fasterners and marine propeller shafts. Chemical Analysis of ALLOY K500 C MN P S .01 max Si .5 max Cr Ni 63.0 min Mo Cu 27 - 33 Co Cb+Ta Ti Al 2.30-3.15 Fe 2.0 max Other Other

.25max 1.5 max

Specifications Sheet/Plate QQ-N-286 Round Bar ASME SB-865 AMS 4676 QQ-N-286 Pipe Tube Fittings Forgings QQ-N-286 AMS 4676

Dupont Vespel Vespel SP-1 - Unfilled. Maximum strength & elongation; lowest modulus & thermal conductivielectricalproperties. Vespel SP-21 - 15% graphite (by weight). Enhances inherent wear resistance, improves long term thermal stability. Vespel SP-22 - 40% graphite (by weight). Gives low coefficient of thermal expansion. Maximum creep resistance. Vespel SP-211 - 15% graphite and 10% TEFLON fluorocarbon resin (by weight). Lowest static friction. Vespel SP-3 - 15% MoS2(by weight). Best wear performance in dry environments.

Vespel SP1 - First in the Dupont Vespel family of products - highly durable polyimides that deliver exceptional wear resistance, insulation, and a low coefficient of friction. Within the S Line, Vespel Parts and Shapes include many products with differing sets of attributes. Superior wear properties, best electrical and thermal insulation for: Insulators Valve seats Balls Gaskets Poppets Wafer clamping Clamping rings In-chamber semiconductor parts Benefits Unfilled resin Operating temps from cryogenic to 300C (570F) Ultra high purity Minimal electrical and thermal conductivity Maximum strength and elongation Low outgrassing Improved tech uniformity Excellent wear for longer life

Vespel SP21 - If insulation is less important than low-friction properties, then you're looking for graphite-enhanced SP-21. Automotive engineers love to use SP-21 for parts like thrust washers, bearings and seals - because the low-friction properties mean they work with or without lubrication. Superior wear and low-friction properties for: Thrust washers Seal rings Valve seats Bearings Seals Benefits Low wear at high bearing PVs Low coefficient of friction Long-term thermal stability High stiffness Low elongation Outstanding performance with or without lubrication Good strength and impact resistance

Vespel SP211 - Need a lower coefficient of friction than SP-21? Not as concerned about thermal and wear resistance? Then SP-211 could be your solution. With Teflon PTFE as an additive, the coefficient of friction is further reduced, even without lubrication. Lowest coefficient-of-friction parts in both dry and lubricated applications such as: Sliding and linear bearings Bushings Thrust washers Seal rings Benefits Low wear at high bearing PVs Low coefficient of friction Teflon filled Superior unlubricated wear Excellent creep resistance Wear resistant up to 300 F Good tensile strength, elongation and flexural modulus

Vespel SP22 - Designing with tight tolerances? SP-22 is the answer. When you've no room for error, SP-22's minimal thermal expansion and dimensional stability give you the freedom to create exactly what you've imagined. Graphite-enhanced polyimides for tight-tolerance applications: Bearings Thrust washers Seal Rings Ferrules Sleeves Strips Vanes Benefits Enhanced resistance to friction and wear Minimal thermal expansion Maximum thermal conductivit High temperature resistance Improved dimensional and oxidative stability Minimum elongation

Vespel SP3 - Of course, working in vacuum and dry environments has its own challenges. Aerospace engineers have to worry about extra difficulties like outgassing. But SP-3 has proven high performance in aerospace applications, largely due to its ultra-low outgassing. Excellent performance in vaccuum and dry environment applications including: Bushings Bearings Piston Rings

Seals Gears

Benefits Maximum wear and friction resistance in vaccums and other dry environments Ultra-low outgrassing High performance in aerospace applications

Vespel SCP5000 - Materials designed for those demanding applications that require even more toughness, thermal stability and chemical resistance than ST-2010. SCP-50094 has been put to the test in ultra-high-stress environments like aircraft engines. So, it's ready for just about any design challenge. But for better plasma resistance, dimensional stability and chemical resistance than SP-1. Unfilled resin designed to improve strength, temperature resistance and dimensional stability in: Semiconductor applications Automotive Aircraft engine parts Benefits Ultra-high purity High thermal oxidative stability High stiffness

Vespel SCP50094 - Materials designed for those demanding applications that require even more toughness, thermal stability and chemical resistance than ST-2010. SCP-50094 has been put to the test in ultra-high-stress environments like aircraft engines. So, it's ready for just about any design challenge. But for better plasma resistance, dimensional stability and chemical resistance than SP-1, check out SCP-5000. Unfilled resin designed to improve strength, temperature resistance and dimensional stability in: Semiconductor applications Automotive Aircraft engine parts Benefits Excellent thermal oxidative stability High stiffness Excellent dimensional stability Lowest CTE

Vespel CR6100 - A Teflon PFA body, reinforced with high-tensile-strength carbon fiber - CR-6100 offers excellent chemical resistance while exhibiting superior resistance to creep - even up to 288C (550F)! It also provides excellent wear resistance and easy machinability for tight-tolerance application. Add in a CTE lower than steel in the x-y plane (due to planar carbon-fiber reinforcement), and you have an ideal material for a variety of applications. The ultimate in chemical and creep resistance for:

Valve plates, seats and seals Pump and compressor components Gaskets Thrust washers Mechanical seals, wear strips and plates Bearings and bushings Grinding, lapping and polishing components Benefits Outstanding creep resistance - even up to 288C (550F) Excellent chemical and wear resistance Easy machinability for tight-tolerance applications Virtually no water absorption Ideal for chemical and petroleum processing applications CTE lower than steel

Vespel SP202 - DuPont Vespel SP202 polyimide parts and shapes decrease electrostatic loading in the manufacturing and handling of flat glass panels for liquid crystal displays and plasmas. They are ideal for use with products that are handled in hightemperature, vacuums or reactive environments. Parts such as placing pins or pads and roller guides made from Vespel SP-202 combine consistent levels of electrical conductivity with an unmatched combination of thermal resistance, wear resistance, moisture resistance, toughness, strength and machinability. Vespel SP-202 parts demonstrate surface resistivity below 10 ohms/square. Results of further tests to establish other typical characteristics will be available in the near future. Vespel SP-202 provides electrical conductivity and thermal resistance for: Pads/stoppers for glass/wafer contact in sputter/CVD chamber Pads/balls for glass/wafer transfer process Physical Properties Antistatic Good machinability Excellent thermal resistance

Vespel ST2010 - Want a material that wears like SP21, but with improved toughness and better thermal oxidative stability? Consider ST2010 or ST2030. These products even include better resistance to solvents, acids and bases. Fiber-reinforced polyimide resins ideal for: Valve seats Seals Bearings Washers Seal rings Ferrules Wear pads Benefits Excellent wear High oxidative Outstanding strength

Vespel ST2030 - Want a material that wears like SP21, but with improved toughness and better thermal oxidative stability? Consider ST2010 or ST2030. These products even include better resistance to solvents, acids and bases. Fiber-reinforced polyimide resins ideal for: Valve seats Seals Bearings Washers Seal rings Ferrules Wear pads Benefits Excellent wear High oxidative Outstanding strength

Stainless Steel
In metallurgy, stainless steel is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 11% chromium content by mass. Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel (it stains less), but it is not stain-proof. It is also called corrosion-resistant steel or CRES when the alloy type and grade are not detailed, particularly in the aviation industry. There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment to which the material will be subjected in its lifetime. Stainless steel differs from carbon steel by the amount of chromium present. Carbon steel rusts when exposed to air and moisture. This iron oxide film is active and accelerates corrosion by forming more iron oxide. Stainless steels have sufficient amounts of chromium present so that a passive film of chromium oxide forms which prevents further surface corrosion and blocks corrosion from spreading into the metal's internal structure.
There are different types of stainless steels: when nickel is added, for instance, the austenite structure of iron is stabilized. This crystal structure makes such steels non-magnetic and less brittle at low temperatures. For greater hardness and strength, carbon is added. When subjected to adequate heat treatment, these steels are used as razor blades, cutlery, tools, etc. Significant quantities of manganese have been used in many stainless steel compositions. Manganese preserves an austenitic structure in the steel as does nickel, but at a lower cost. Stainless steels are also classified by their crystalline structure: Austenitic, or 300 series, stainless steels comprise over 70% of total stainless steel production. They contain a maximum of 0.15% carbon, a minimum of 16% chromium and sufficient nickel and/or manganese to retain an austenitic structure at all temperatures from the cryogenic region to the melting point of the alloy. A typical composition of 18% chromium and 10% nickel, commonly known as 18/10 stainless. Similarly, 18/0 and 18/8 are also available. Super austenitic stainless steels, such as alloy AL-6XN and 254SMO, exhibit great resistance to chloride pitting and crevice corrosion due to high molybdenum content (>6%) and nitrogen additions, and the higher nickel content ensures better resistance to stress-corrosion cracking versus the 300 series. The higher alloy content of super austenitic steels makes them more expensive. Other steels can offer similar performance at lower cost and are preferred in certain applications.

The low carbon versions of the Austenitic Stainless Steel, for example 316L or 304L, are used to avoid corrosion problem caused by welding. The "L" means that the carbon content of the Stainless Steel is below 0.03%, this will reduce the sensitization effect, precipitation of Chromium Carbides at grain boundaries, due to the high temperature produced by welding operation. Ferritic stainless steels are highly corrosion-resistant, but less durable than austenitic grades. They contain between 10.5% and 27% chromium and very little nickel, if any, but some types can contain lead. Most compositions include molybdenum; some, aluminum or titanium. Common ferritic grades include 18Cr-2Mo, 26Cr-1Mo, 29Cr-4Mo, and 29Cr-4Mo-2Ni. These alloys can be degraded by the presence of chromium, a intermetallic phase which can precipitate upon welding. Martensitic stainless steels are not as corrosion-resistant as the other two classes but are extremely strong and tough, as well as highly machineable, and can be hardened by heat treatment. Martensitic stainless steel contains chromium (12-14%), molybdenum (0.21%), nickel (0-<2%), and carbon (about 0.1-1%) (giving it more hardness but making the material a bit more brittle). It is quenched and magnetic. Precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steels have corrosion resistance comparable to austenitic varieties, but can be precipitation hardened to even higher strengths than the other martensitic grades. The most common, 17 4 PH, uses about 17% chromium and 4% nickel. There is a rising trend in defense budgets to opt for an ultra-high-strength stainless steel when possible in new projects, as it is estimated that 2% of the US GDP is spent dealing with corrosion. The Lockheed-Martin Joint Strike Fighter is the first aircraft to use a precipitation-hardenable stainless steelCustom 465in its airframe. Duplex stainless steels have a mixed microstructure of austenite and ferrite, the aim being to produce a 50/50 mix, although in commercial alloys, the mix may be 40/60 respectively. Duplex steels have improved strength over austenitic stainless steels and also improved resistance to localized corrosion, particularly pitting, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. They are characterized by high chromium (1928%)

and molybdenum (up to 5%) and lower nickel contents than austenitic stainless steels. The most used Duplex Stainless Steel are the 2205 (22% Chromium, 5% Nickel) and 2507 (25% Chromium, 7% Nickel); the 2507 is also known as "Super Duplex" due to its higher corrosion resistance.

Stainless Steel Grades

100 Seriesaustenitic chromium-nickel-manganese alloys Type 101austenitic that is hardenable through cold working for furniture Type 102austenitic general purpose stainless steel working for furniture 200 Seriesaustenitic chromium-nickel-manganese alloys Type 201austenitic that is hardenable through cold working Type 202austenitic general purpose stainless steel 300 Seriesaustenitic chromium-nickel alloys Type 301highly ductile, for formed products. Also hardens rapidly during mechanical working. Good weldability. Better wear resistance and fatigue strength than 304. Type 302same corrosion resistance as 304, with slightly higher strength due to additional carbon.
Type 303free machining version of 304 via addition of sulfur and phosphorus. Also referred to as "A1" in accordance with ISO 3506. Type 304the most common grade; the classic 18/8 stainless steel. Also referred to as "A2" in accordance with

ISO 3506. Type 304L same as the 304 grade but contains less carbon to increase weldability. Is slightly weaker than 304. Type 304LNsame as 304L, but also nitrogen is added to obtain a much higher yield and tensile strength than 304L. Type 308used as the filler metal when welding 304
Type 309better temperature resistance than 304, also sometimes used as filler metal when welding dissimilar steels, along with inconel. Type 316the second most common grade (after 304); for food and surgical stainless steel uses; alloy addition of molybdenum prevents specific forms of corrosion. It is also known as marine grade stainless steel due to its increased resistance to chloride corrosion compared to type 304. 316 is often used for building nuclear reprocessing plants. Type 316L extra low carbon grade of 316, generally used in stainless steel watches and marine applications due to its high resistance to corrosion. Also referred to as "A4" in accordance with ISO 3506.

Type 316Tiincludes titanium for heat resistance, therefore it is used in flexible chimney liners.
Type 321similar to 304 but lower risk of weld decay due to addition of titanium. See also 347 with addition of niobium for desensitization during welding.

400 Seriesferritic and martensitic chromium alloys Type 405 ferritic for welding applications Type 408heat-resistant; poor corrosion resistance; 11% chromium, 8% nickel.
Type 409cheapest type; used for automobile exhausts; ferritic (iron/chromium only).

Type 410martensitic (high-strength iron/chromium). Wear-resistant, but less corrosion-resistant. Type 416 416 SS is easy to machine due to additional sulfur Type 420Cutlery Grade martensitic. Excellent polishability. Type 430decorative, e.g., for automotive trim; ferritic. Good formability, but with reduced temperature and corrosion resistance. Type 439ferritic grade, a higher grade version of 409 used for catalytic converter exhaust sections. Increased chromium for improved high temperature corrosion/oxidation resistance.
Type 440a higher grade of cutlery steel, with more carbon, allowing for much better edge retention when properly heat-treated. It can be hardened to approximately Rockwell 58 hardness, making it one of the hardest stainless steels. Due to its toughness and relatively low cost, most display-only and replica swords or knives are made of 440 stainless. Also known as razor blade steel. Available in four grades: 440A, 440B, 440C, and the uncommon 440F (free machinable). 440A, having the least amount of carbon in it, is the most stain-resistant; 440C, having the most, is the strongest and is usually considered more desirable in knife making than 440A, except for diving or other salt-water applications.

Type 446For elevated temperature service

500 Seriesheat-resisting chromium alloys

600 Seriesmartensitic precipitation hardening alloys

601 through 604: Martensitic low-alloy steels.

610 through 613: Martensitic secondary hardening steels.

614 through 619: Martensitic chromium steels. 630 through 635: Semi austenitic and martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steels. Type 630 is most common PH stainless, better known as 17-4 PH; 17% chromium, 4% nickel. 650 through 653: Austenitic steels strengthened by hot/cold work. 660 through 665: Austenitic super alloys; all grades except alloy 661 are strengthened by second-phase precipitation.

Type 2205 the most widely used duplex (ferritic/austenitic) stainless steel grade. It has both excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.

Stainless Steel Designations

SAE designation

UNS designation

% Cr

% Ni

%C

% Mn

% Si

%P

%S

%N

Other

Austenitic

201

S20100

1618

3.55.5

0.15

5.57.5 0.75

0.06

0.03

0.25

202

S20200

1719

46

0.15

7.5 10.0

0.75

0.06

0.03

0.25

205

S20500

16.518

11.75

0.12 0.25

1415.5 0.75

0.06

0.03

0.32 0.40

301

S30100

1618

68

0.15

0.75

0.045 0.03

302

S30200

1719

810

0.15

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.1

302B

S30215

1719

810

0.15

2.03.0

0.045 0.03

303

S30300

1719

810

0.15

0.2

0.15 min

Mo 0.60 (optional)

303Se

S30323

1719

810

0.15

0.2

0.06

0.15 Se min

304

S30400

1820

810.50

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.1

304L

S30403

1820

812

0.03

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.1

304Cu

S30430

1719

810

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

34 Cu

304N

S30451

1820

810.50

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10 0.16

305

S30500

1719

10.5013 0.12

0.75

0.045 0.03

308

S30800

1921

1012

0.08

0.045 0.03

309

S30900

2224

1215

0.2

0.045 0.03

309S

S30908

2224

1215

0.08

0.045 0.03

310

S31000

2426

1922

0.25

1.5

0.045 0.03

310S

S31008

2426

1922

0.08

1.5

0.045 0.03

314

S31400

2326

1922

0.25

1.53.0

0.045 0.03

316

S31600

1618

1014

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10

2.03.0 Mo

316L

S31603

1618

1014

0.03

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10

2.03.0 Mo

316F

S31620

1618

1014

0.08

0.2

0.10 min

1.752.50 Mo

316N

S31651

1618

1014

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10 0.16

2.03.0 Mo

317

S31700

1820

1115

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10 max 3.04.0 Mo

317L

S31703

1820

1115

0.03

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10 max 3.04.0 Mo

321

S32100

1719

912

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.03

0.10 max Ti 5(C+N) min, 0.70 max

329

S32900

2328

2.55

0.08

0.75

0.04

0.03

12 Mo

330

N08330

1720

3437

0.08

0.75 1.50

0.04

0.03

347

S34700

1719

913

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.030

Nb + Ta, 10 x C min, 1 max

348

S34800

1719

913

0.08

0.75

0.045 0.030

Nb + Ta, 10 x C min, 1 max, but 0.10 Ta max;

0.20 Ca

384

S38400

1517

1719

0.08

0.045 0.03

904L

19-23

23-28

0.02

0.045 0.035

Mo 4-5, Cu 1-2

Ferritic

405

S40500

11.514.5 -

0.08

0.04

0.03

0.10.3 Al, 0.60 max

409

S40900

10.5 11.75

0.05

0.08

0.045 0.03

Ti 6 x C, but 0.75 max

429

S42900

1416

0.75

0.12

0.04

0.03

430

S43000

1618

0.75

0.12

0.04

0.03

430F

S43020

1618

0.12

1.25

0.06

0.15 min

0.60 Mo (optional)

430FSe

S43023

1618

0.12

1.25

0.06

0.06

0.15 Se min

434

S43400

1618

0.12

0.04

0.03

0.751.25 Mo

436

S43600

1618

0.12

0.04

0.03

0.751.25 Mo; Nb+Ta 5 x C min, 0.70 max

442

S44200

1823

0.2

0.04

0.03

446

S44600

2327

0.25

0.2

1.5

0.04

0.03

Martensitic

403

S40300

11.513.0 0.60

0.15

0.5

0.04

0.03

410

S41000

11.513.5 0.75

0.15

0.04

0.03

414

S41400

11.513.5

1.25 2.50

0.15

0.04

0.03

416

S41600

1214

0.15

1.25

0.06

0.15 min

0.060 Mo (optional)

416Se

S41623

1214

0.15

1.25

0.06

0.06

0.15 Se min

420

S42000

1214

0.15 min 1

0.04

0.03

420F

S42020

1214

0.15 min 1.25

0.06

0.15 min

0.60 Mo max (optional)

422

S42200

11.012.5 0.501.0

0.20 0.25

0.51.0 0.5

0.025 0.025

0.901.25 Mo; 0.200.30 V; 0.901.25 W

431

S41623

1517

1.25 2.50

0.2

0.04

0.03

440A

S44002

1618

0.60 0.75

0.04

0.03

0.75 Mo

440B

S44003

1618

0.75 0.95

0.04

0.03

0.75 Mo

440C

S44004

1618

0.95 1.20

0.04

0.03

0.75 Mo

Heat resisting

501

S50100

46

0.10 min 1

0.04

0.03

0.400.65 Mo

502

S50200

46

0.1

0.04

0.03

0.400.65 Mo

Martensitic Precipitation Hardening

630 (17-4 PH)

S17400

15-17

3-5

0.07

0.04

0.03

Cu 3-5, Ta 0.15-0.45

15-5 PH Stainless Steel

Specification: AMS 5862, AMS 5659, AMS 5826, ASTM A 564, ASTM SA 564, ASTM A 693, ASME SA 693, ASTM A 705, ASME SA 705 Please enable JavaScript to view this page content properly.

15-5PH Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel Alloy (S15500) is a variant of the older 17-4 PH (S17400) chromium-nickel-copper precipitation hardening stainless steel. Both alloys exhibit high strength and moderate corrosion resistance. High strength is maintained to approximately 600F (316C). The 15-5 PH alloy was designed to have greater toughness than 17-4 PH, especially in the through-thickness (short transverse) direction. This improved toughness is achieved by reduced delta ferrite content and control of inclusion size and shape. The composition and processing of 15-5 PH alloy is carefully controlled to minimize its content of delta ferrite, which is present in the 17-4 PH stainless steel material. Inclusion control is done by consumable electrode remelting using the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process. The 15-5 PH alloy is martensitic in structure in the annealed condition and is further strengthened by a relatively low temperature heat treatment which precipitates a copper containing phase in the alloy. Like the 174PH alloy, the 15-5 PH stainless steel alloy requires only a simple heat treatment; a one step process conducted at a temperature in the range 900F (482C) to 1150F (621C) depending on the combination of strength and toughness desired. A wide range of properties can be produced by this one step heat treatment. Heat treatment in the 900F (482C) range produces highest strength, although slightly less than those of semi-austenitic alloys like S17700 (17-7 PH) or S15700 (15-7 PH). The latter precipitation hardening alloys generally require more steps to complete heat treatment. The15-5 PH alloy is generally better-suited for plate applications than are the semi austenitic alloys.

Element

Typical Composition (Weight Percent) 0.04 0.75 0.020 0.005 0.50 14.5 4.8 0.30 3.5 Balance

Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Columbium + Tantalum Copper Iron MECHANICAL PROPERTIES PER 15-5 PH AMS 5659, AMS 5862 15-5 PH 0.2% Offset Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength psi (MPa) psi (MPa) Condition A 110,000 760 150,000 1,030 8 33

Condition H 900 175,000 1,200 195,000 1,340 15 43

Condition H 1075 135,000 930 155,000 1,070 15 31

Condition H 1150 125,000 860 145,000 1,000 15 28

Elongation (percentage in 2") Hardness Rockwell C scale

17-4 PH Stainless Steel

Specification: AMS 5604, AMS 5622, AMS 5643, AMS 5825, AMS 5827, AMS 7474, ASTM A 564, ASME SA 564, ASTM A 693, ASME SA 693, ASTM A 705, ASME SA 705

17-4PH Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel Alloy (S17400), Type 630, is a chromium-nickel-copper precipitation hardening stainless steel used for applications requiring high strength and a moderate level of corrosion resistance. High strength is maintained to approximately 600F (316C).The 17-4 PH stainless steel alloy is martensitic in structure in the annealed condition and is further strengthened by a low temperature treatment which precipitates a copper containing phase in the alloy. In comparison to many alloys in the precipitation hardening family, the S17400 (17-4 PH) alloy requires a simple heat treatment; a one step process conducted at a temperature in the range 900F (482C) to 1150F (621C) depending on the combination of strength and toughness desired. A wide range of properties can be produced by this one step heat treatment.

Element

Typical Composition (Weight Percent) 0.04 0.40 0.020 0.005 0.50 15.5 4.5 0.30 3.50 Balance

Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Columbium + Tantalum Copper Iron

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES PER 17-4 PH AMS 5643, AMS 5604 Condition Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength A H 950 H 1075 H 1150 psi psi psi psi 110,000 MPa 180,000 160,000 160,000 MPa MPa MPa 760 1,240 1,100 1,100 psi psi psi psi 150,000 195,000 190,000 190,000 MPa MPa MPa MPa 1,030 1,340 1,310 1,310

Elongation (%) 8 10 10 10

(Rockwell) Hardness 33 (C) 43 (C) 42 (C) 42 (C)

PH13-8MO

Alloy

Specification: AISI 632, AMS 5629, AMS 5864, ASTM A564, ASMT A693, ASTM A705, UNS S13800, XM-13

General 13-8 Stainless Steel [PH 13-8 Mo (tm),Vasco13-8 (tm)(UNS S13800) is a precipitation hardening stainless steel that combines excellent strength, good toughness, and good general corrosion resistance. It is a through-hardening alloy, which allows it to be used in parts with large cross sections, where yield strengths in excess of 200 ksi. (1,380 MPa) may be required. Good transverse toughness properties are achieved by tight chemical composition control (to prevent the formation of delta phase), low carbon content (to minimize grain boundary precipitation), and double vacuum melting (to reduce alloy segregation). Since the rate of cooling from the solution temperature is not critical, large cross sections can be air-cooled. This alloy is produced by a primary vacuum induction melt process (VIM), followed by a consumable vacuum arc remelting (VAR) step. Typical uses are aircraft parts, rocket engine mounts, nuclear reactor parts, landing gear components, high performance shafts, and petrochemical parts that require high strength combined with good resistance to stress corrosion. Specifications PH 13-8 Mo AMS 5629 - Bars, forgings, rings, and extrusions PH 13-8 Mo AMS 5864 - Plate

Physical properties Melting Range: 2,560 to 2,680 F (1,404 to 1,471 C) Density: 0.279 lbs/in3 (7.76 gm/cc) Heat Treatment Solution treatment from 1,675 to 1,725 F (913 to 941 C) for 15 to 30 minutes at temperature. Air cool or oil quench to below 60F (15 C) to ensure complete transformation to martensite. Aging is normally carried out from 950 to 1,150 F (510 to 621 C), depending upon the desired final properties. Heat treatment is usually performed in air. Heat treatment of brazed components maybe done in inert atmospheres. Reducing atmospheres should not be used because of the potential for nitrogen contamination.

HARDNESS Hardness in the solution annealed condition is approximately Rockwell C 33.

OXIDATION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE PH13-8MO alloy has excellent oxidation resistance up to 1,500 F (816 C). Corrosion resistance decreases slightly as the aging temperature is raised. This alloy has the best resistance to stress corrosion cracking of all of the precipitation hardenable stainless steels. Its resistance to general corrosion is greatest in the fully-hardened condition. The alloy shows very little rusting when exposed to a 5 percent salt fog at 95 F (35 C).

FORGEABILITY/ FORMABILITY PH13-8MO alloy has good hot working characteristics, and can be forged over a wide temperature range. Temperatures up to 2,200F(1,204 C) may be used. For optimum properties, forging temperature should not exceed 1,900 F(1,038 C). Hot working shouldnot be done below 1,700 F (927 C). After forging, parts should be cooled to room temperature, then solution treated prior to aging.The alloy can be cold formed in the annealed condition, utilizing conventional cold forming techniques.

MACHINABILITY PH 13-8 MO alloy can be machined in both the annealed and hardened conditions. In the annealed condition, use machine speeds 20 to 30 percent lower than those used on 304 stainless steel.

WELDABILITY PH13-8MO alloy is normally welded using inert gas tungsten arc techniques, although most other welding processes may be used. These include plasma arc, electron beam, gas metal arc, and shielded metal arc processes. Helium is the preferred shielding gas. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS All lubricants and coolants, particularly sulfur-bearing, should be removed prior to heat treatment, brazing and pickling.

Titanium
Titanium alpha-beta alloy, Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)
Specifications: AMS 4905, AMS 4906, AMS 4911, AMS 4920, AMS 4928, AMS 4930, AMS 4934, AMS 4935, AMS 4954, AMS 4965, AMS 4967, ASTM B265, ASTM B348, ASTM B381, DMS 1570, MIL-F-83142,MIL-T-81556,MIL-T-81915, MIL-T-9046, MIL-T-9047, UNS R56400

Ti 6AL-4V is known as the workhorse of the titanium industry because it is by far the most common Ti alloy, accounting for more than 50 % of total titanium usage. it is an alpha-beta alloy that is heat treatable to achieve moderate increase in strength. Ti 6AL-4V offeres a combination of high strength, light weight, formability and corrosion resistance which have made it a world standard in aerospace applications. Some of the many applications where this alloy has been used include aircraft turbine engine components, aircraft structural components, aerospace fasteners, high performance automotive parts, marine applications, medical devices, and sports equipment. Titanium - alloy, Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) Chemical composition: O=0.08% max., Al=6%, V=4%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit 4.43 *10 kg/m Density 114 GPa Modulus of elasticity -6 9.5*10 C Thermal expansion (20 C) 565 J/(kg*K) Specific heat capacity 6.6 W/(m*K) Thermal conductivity 171*10-8 Ohm*m Electric resistivity 1000 MPa Tensile strength (annealed) 910 MPa Yield strength (annealed) 18 % Elongation (annealed) 36 HRC Hardness (annealed) 1172 MPa Tensile strength (prec. hard.) 1103 MPa Yield strength (precip. hard) 10 % Elongation (precip. hardened) 41 HRC Hardness (precipit. hardened) 900 C Solution temperature 510 C Aging temperature 4-8 hrs. Aging time 1660 C Liquidus temperature 1605 C Solidus temperature 996 C Beta Transus temperature

Value in US unit 277 lb/ft 16500 ksi -6 5.0*10 in/(in* F) 0.135 BTU/(lb*F) 45.6 BTU*in/(hr*ft*F) 171*10-6 Ohm*cm 145000 psi 132000 psi 18 % 36 HRC 170000 psi 160000 psi 10 % 41 HRC 1650 F 950 F 4-8 hrs. 3020 F 2920 F 1825 F

Carbon Steel 1008 1010 1018 1020 1040 1045 1050 1055 1060 1070 1075 1095 A36 A656 (GR 80) Cor-Ten Free Max15

Tool Steel A2 A6 A10 A514 D2, D3, D5, D6 H11 M2 P20 S1 S5 S7 T1 W1, W2

Stainless Steel 300 Series 301 302 303 304, 304L 306 309 310 314 316, 316L 321 322 347 348

Nickel, Cobalt, Special Alloys A-286, AM-355 Deltalloy Custom 450, 455 Ferralium 255 Hastelloy B2, C276 Haynes 188, 230 Incoloy 800, 825, 901-200-20, Inconel 600, 601, 617 Inconel 625, Inconel 718 722, 750, 751 Invar 36, 42 Kovar Rodar L605 (Haynes 25) Maraging 250 Maraging 300 Maraging 350 Monel 400 Monel 405 Monel 500 (K) Nickel 200, 201 N155 Nimonic 75 Rene 41 Udimet 500, 700 Vascojet 1000 Waspaloy Zirconium 20 CB Copper Alloys

Special Grades D6AC A193

400 & 500 Series 403 405 409 410 416 418 (Greek Ascoloy) 420 422 430F 431 440A,C 446 904L

Alloys

AL6XNS HY80-HY100

4130 4135 4140 41L40 4142 4145 4150 4155 4160 4215 4320 4330, 4330M 4335 4340, 4340M 4615 4620 4630 4640

F-11 (1-1/4CR1/2MO) F-22 (2-1/4CR1MO) 17-22-A 17-22-AS 17-22-AV Nitralloy 135N SA, A-516, GR 70 SA, A-516, GR 65 SA, A-204, GR B SA, A-387, GR 5 SA, A-387, GR 9 SA, A-387, GR11 SA, A-387, GR 12 SA, A-387, GR 22 Maxel Molybdenum

Aluminum Alloys

C18200 Alum Brz C 613 Alum Brz 614, 20CU

1100, 1144, 1145, 2014, 2024, 2219 3003, 5052

Alloy 182 Alloy 932 Ni Alum Brz C623, C624,

4720 4750 5150 52100 6120 6140 6145 6150 8620 8630 8640 8642 8645 8720 8735 8740 8750 9010

Tantalum Magnesium Niobium MP35N A182 A234 A242 A333 A335 Stellite Tungsten HY-TUF Telcut 40 Aermet 100 Zinc

5083, 5086, 6061,6063 7050 7075 7475

C630, C632 Copper Ni C 706(90/10) C715(70/30), C172 C17200 PH Grades

Titanium Commercially Pure 3AL-2.5V 5AL-2.5SN 6AL-2SN-4ZR-2MO 6AL-2SN-4ZR-6MO 6AL-4V 6AL-4V Eli 6A1-6V-2SN 8AL-1MO-1V 13.5V-11CR-3AL 15-3-3-3 10-3-3-3 Ti-17

13-8MO 15-3PH 15-5PH 15-7MO 17-4PH 17-7PH 17-22PH

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