Uttaranchal Power Corp. Ltd / Protection Settings Calculations

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.
LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS
Part-1
LIST OF PROTECTIONS 1) 132 kV Ramnagar line protection a) b) c) d) e) REL 511 (distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay
2) 132 kV Kashipur-1 line protection a) b) c) d) e) REL 511 (distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay
3) 132 kV Kashipur-2 line protection a) b) c) d) e) REL 511 (distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay
4) 132 kV Baspur Nagar line protection a) b) c) d) e) REL 511(distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay
5) 400kV Rishikesh line protection
Checked by Prepared by
Nagendra Sarith Madhu

Issued by Dept . Yr. Wk
Description
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 1/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS a) REL 521(distance protection terminal) b) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G c) RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay
d) RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay
e) RASC Check Synchronizing Relay f) LZ96 Distance Relay 6) 400kV Moradabad line protection a) b) c) d) e) f) REL 521(distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay LZ96 Distance Relay
7) 220kV Haldwani line protection a) b) c) d) e) f) REL 521(distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay LZ96 Distance Relay
8) 220 kV Almora line protection a) b) c) d) e) f) REL 521(distance protection terminal) RAICA Breaker Failure Protection 50G RAAAM Auto Reclose Relay RXEG 27P Under Voltage Protection Relay RASC Check Synchronizing Relay LZ96 Distance Relay
1 (a) REL 511 (21) - RAMNAGAR FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 132 kV

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 2/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 18.56 Km 1301.14 MVA 0.16221744 ohms/km 0.386116 ohms/km 0.405631 ohms/km 1.622174 ohms/km 1000A 1A 145000 V 110 V 1694.1 MVA 1694.1 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed)
C)Source Impedance
1)Fault MVA at local end 2)Fault MVA at remote end 3)Source impedance angle
D)Fault resistance
1)Fault resistance in primary for phase-earth faults 2)Fault resistance in primary for phase-phase faults 20 ohms (Assumed) 5 ohms (Assumed)
Relay details:In=1A,Un=110V
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/1) /(145000/110) = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0.758621 0.16221744 x 18.56 x 0.758621 2.2840 ohms 0.386116 x 18.56 x 0.758621 5.4365 ohms 0.405631 x 18.56 x 0.758621 5.7112 ohms 1.622174 x 18.56 x 0.758621 22.8402 ohms 20 x 0.758621 15.1724 ohms 5 x 0.758621 3.7931 ohms
Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0
Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 3/70
06 40

Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = 0.8 x 2.2840 = 1.8272 ohms/phase = 0.8 x 5.4365 = 4.3492 ohms/phase = 0.8 x 5.7112 = 4.56896 ohms/phase 0.8 x 22.8402 = 18.2722 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931, 4.3492 x 0.4663 + 1.8272) , 3 x 4.3492} = 2 x Min {3.855232 , 13.0476 } = 7.7104 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 4.3492 x 0.4663 +1.8272) , 4.5 x 4.3492} = Min { 15.1724 , 19.5714 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 2.2840 + 0.2 x 2.2840 2.7408 ohms/phase 5.4365+ 0.2 x 5.4365 6.5238 ohms/phase 5.7112 + 0.2 x 5.7112 6.8534 ohms/phase 22.8402 + 0.2 x 22.8402 27.4082 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 6.5238 x 0.4663 + 2.7408) , 3 x 6.5238} = 2 x Min { 5.7828 , 19.5714 } = 11.5696 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 6.5238 x 0.4663 + 2.7408) , 4.5 x 6.5238} = Min { 15.1724 , 29.3571 } = 15.1724 ohms/ loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 4/70
06 40

Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE
= = = = = = = =
2.2840+2.2840 4.568 ohms/phase 5.4365+5.4365 10.873 ohms/phase 5.7112+5.7112 11.4224 ohms/phase 22.8402+22.8402 45.6804 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 10.873 x 0.4663 + 4.568) , 3 x 10.873} = 2 x Min { 9.6380 , 32.619 } = 19.276 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 10.873 x 0.4663 + 4.568) , 4.5 x 10.873} = Min { 15.1724 , 48.9285 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 2.2840 = 0.4568 ohms/phase Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE = 0.2 x 5.4365 = 1.0873 ohms/phase Zero sequence resistance , R0PE = 0.2 x 5.7112 = 1.1422 ohms/phase Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = 0.2 x 22.8402 = 4.5680 ohms/phase Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 1.0873 x 0.4663 + 0.4568) , 3 x 1.0873} = 2 x Min { 3.7931 , 3.2619 } = 6.5238 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 1.0873 x 0.4663 + 0.4568) , 4.5 x 1.0873} = Min { 15.1724 , 4.8928 } = 4.8928 ohms / loop General Fault Criteria (GFC)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 5/70
06 40

GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection, regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristic does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction, X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 10.873= 21.746 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction, X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 1.0873 = 2.7146 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach, RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = (2 [2 x 4.568 + 19.276] ) = 56.824 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach, RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03) +RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2x4.568+ 11.4224) +15.1724]) = 44.0504 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 45.6804 =91.3608 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area, RLd = Max (RFPP,RFPE) = Max (19.276, 15.1724) = 19.276 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones, which are to be blocked by the PSD function. At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element, X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 10.873 = 11.9603 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element, R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 (2 x 4.568 + 19.276) = 31.2532 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125 %( recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125 %( recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE = = = 1.8272 4.3492 4.56896

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 6/70
06 40

X0PE RFPP RFPE 2) Zone-2:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC:X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB:X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 18.2722 7.7104 15.1724 2.7408 6.5238 6.8534 27.4082 11.5696 15.1724 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 4.568 10.873 11.4224 45.6804 19.276 15.1724 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.4568 1.0873 1.1422 4.5680 6.5238 4.8928 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = =
17.606 0.6212 43.752 26.48 57.63 43.752 25 2s(time delay for trip) 9.677 24.064 125 125 0.045s (Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s (Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 7/70
06 40

tW tH tEF tR1 tR2 = = = = = 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected) 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s (Timer to time delay block by the residual current) 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings
The time delays tP1, tP2, tW, tH, tEF, tR1, tR2 are recommendations and the same need to be set in accordance with the system studies. 1(b) Breaker Failure Protection - 50 - RAICA
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 1A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (1301.14 x 106) / (3 x 132 x 103) = 5691.18 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 5691.18 = 284.559 A The secondary current is 284.559 / 1000 =2.85 A Setting recommended = 3 A Time Delay : The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 1(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 8/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 1(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 1(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 2(a) REL 511 (21) - KASHIPUR-1 FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 9/70
06 40

1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B) CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 132 kV 7.05 Km 1694.61 MVA 0.16221744 ohms/km 0.386116 ohms/km 0.405631 ohms/km 1.622174 ohms/km
1000A 1A 145000 V 110 V 1301.4 MVA 1301.4 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
D)Fault resistance
1)Fault resistance in primary for phase-earth faults 2)Fault resistance in primary for phase-phase faults
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/1) /(145000/110) = Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 = Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) = = = = = = = = 0.758621 = 0.16221744 x 7.05 x 0.758621 0.8675 ohms = 0.386116 x 7.05 x 0.758621 = 2.0650 ohms 0.405631 x 7.05 x 0.758621 2.1694 ohms 1.622174 x 7.05 x 0.758621 8.6758 ohms 20 x 0.758621 15.1724 ohms 5 x 0.758621 3.7931 ohms

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 10/70
06 40

Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 0.8 x 0.8675 0.694 ohms/phase 0.8 x 2.0650 1.652 ohms/phase 0.8 x 2.1694 1.7355 ohms/phase 0.8 x 8.6758 6.94064 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931, 1.652x 0.4663 + 0.694) , 3 x 1.652} = 2 x Min {3.7931 , 4.956 } = 7.5862 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 1.652 x 0.4663 +0.694) , 4.5 x 1.652} = Min { 15.1724 , 7.434 } = 7.434 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 0.8675 1.041 ohms/phase 1.2 x 2.065 2.478 ohms/phase 1.2 x 2.1694 2.6033 ohms/phase 1.2 x 8.6758 10.4109 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 2.4780 x 0.4663 + 1.041) , 3 x 2.478} = 2 x Min { 3.7931, 7.434 } = 7. 5862 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 2.478 x 0.4663 + 1.041) , 4.5 x 2.478} = Min { 15.1724 , 11.151 } = 11.151 ohms/ loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 11/70
06 40

= = = = = = = =
2 x 0.8675 1.735 ohms/phase 2 x 2.065 4.13 ohms/phase 2 x 2.1694 4.339 ohms/phase 2 x 8.6758 17.3516 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 4.13 x 0.4663 + 1.735) , 3 x 4.13} = 2 x Min { 3.7931 , 12.39 } = 7.5862 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 4.13 x 0.4663 + 1.735) , 4.5 x 4.13} = Min { 15.1724 , 18.585 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 0.8675 = 0.1735 ohms/phase Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE = 0.2 x 2.065 = 0.413 ohms/phase Zero sequence resistance , R0PE = 0.2 x 2.1694 = 0.4338 ohms/phase Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = 0.2 x 8.7658 = 1.7352 ohms/phase Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 0.413 x 0.4663 + 0.1735) , 3 x 0.413} = 2 x Min { 3.7931 , 1.239 } = 2.478 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 0.413x 0.4663 + 0.1735) , 4.5 x 0.413} = Min { 15.1724 , 1.8585 } = 1. 8585 ohms / loop General Fault Criteria (GFC)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 12/70
06 40

GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 4.13= 8.26 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 0.413 = 0.826 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 1.735 + 7.5862] ) = 22.1124 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 1.735+ 4.339)+15.1724]) = 35.5508 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 17.3516 =34.7032 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (7.5862 ,15.1724) = 15.1724 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 4.13 = 4.543 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 1.735 + 7.5862) = 12.1618 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE = = = 0.694 1.652 1.7355

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 13/70
06 40

X0PE RFPP RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 6.94064 7.5862 7.434 1.041 2.478 2.6033 10.4109 7.5862 11.1151 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 1.735 4.13 4.339 17.3516 7.8562 15.1724 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.1735 0.413 0.4338 1.7352 2.478 1.8585 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = =
8.26 0.826 22.1124 35.5508 34.7032 15.1724 25 2s(time delay for trip) 4.543 12.1618 125 125 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 14/70
06 40

tW tH tEF tR1 tR2 = = = = = 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected) 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current) 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings
The time delays tP1,tP2,tW,tH,tEF,tR1,tR2 are recommendations and the same need to be set in accordance with the system studies. 2(b) Breaker Failure Protection - 50 - RAICA
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 1A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (1694.61 x 106) / (3 x 132 x 103) = 7412.22 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 7412.22 = 370.611 A The secondary current is 370.611 / 1000 =0.371 A Setting recommended = 0.4 A Time Delay: The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 2(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionization. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionization time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 15/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 2(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 2(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 3(a) REL 511 (21)- KASHIPUR 2 FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage

132 kV
Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 16/70
06 40

2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 60.09 Km 1694.61 MVA 0.16221744 ohms/km 0.386116 ohms/km 0.405631 ohms/km 1.622174 ohms/km 1000A 1A 145000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/1) /(145000/110) = Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 0.758621 = Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) = = = = = = = = 0.758621 = 0.16221744 x 15.615 x 1.9216 ohms = 0.386116 x 15.615 x 0.758621 = 4.5731 ohms 0.405631 x 15.615 x 0.758621 4.8051 ohms 1.622174 x 15.615 x 0.758621 19.2161 ohms 20 x 0.758621 15.1724 ohms 5 x 0.758621 3.7931 ohms

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 17/70
06 40

Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 0.8 x 1.9216 1.5373 ohms/phase 0.8 x 4.5739 3.6591 ohms/phase 0.8 x 4.8051 3.8441 ohms/phase 0.8 x 19.2161 15. 3729 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931, 3.6591x 0.4663 + 1.5373) , 3 x 3.6591} = 2 x Min {3.7931 10.9773 } = 7. 5862 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 3.6591 x 0.4663 +1.5373) , 4.5 x 3.6591} = Min { 15.1724 , 16.4659 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 1.9216 2.30592 ohms/phase 1.2 x 4.5739 5.48868 ohms/phase 1.2 x 4.8051 5.7661 ohms/phase 1.2 x 19.2161 23.0593 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 5.48868 x 0.4663 + 2.3059) , 3 x 5.48868} = 2 x Min { 4.8653, 16.466 } = 9.7306 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 5.48868 x 0.4663 + 2.3059) , 4.5 x 5.48868} = Min { 15.1724 , 24.6990 } = 15.1724 ohms/ loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 18/70
06 40

Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 2 x 1.9216 3. 8432 ohms/phase 2 x 4.5739 9.1478 ohms/phase 2 x 4.8051 9.6102 ohms/phase 2 x 19.2161 38.4322 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 9.1478 x 0.4663 + 3.8432) , 3 x 9.1478} = 2 x Min { 8.1088 , 27.4434 } = 16.2176 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 9.1478 x 0.4663 + 3.8432) , 4.5 x 9.1478} = Min { 15.1724 , 27.4434 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 1.9216 = 0.3843 ohms/phase Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE = 0.2 x 4.5739 = 0.9148 ohms/phase Zero sequence resistance , R0PE = 0.2 x 4.8051 = 0.9610 ohms/phase Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = 0.2 x 19.2161 = 3.8432 ohms/phase Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 0.9148 x 0.4663 + 0.3843) , 3 x 0.9148} = 2 x Min { 3.7931 , 2.7444} = 5.4888 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 0.9148 x 0.4663 + 0.3843) , 4.5 x 0.9148} = Min { 15.1724 , 4.1166 } = 4.1166 ohms / loop General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 19/70
06 40

distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 9.1438= 18.2876 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 0.9148 = 1. 8296 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 3.8432 + 16.2176] ) = 47.808 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 3.8432+ 9.6102)+15.1724]) = 47.8759 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 38.4332=76.8664 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (16.2176,15.1724) = 16.2176 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 9.1438 = 10.0582 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 3.8432 + 16.2176) = 26.2944 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP = = = = = 1.5373 3.6591 3.8441 15.3729 7.5862

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 20/70
06 40

RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 15.1724 2.30592 5.48868 5.7661 23.0593 9.7306 15.1724 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 3.8432 9.1478 9.6102 38.4322 16.2176 15.1724 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.3843 0.9148 0.961 3.8432 5.4888 4.1166 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
18.2876 1.8296 47.808 47.8759 76.8664 16.2176 25 2s(time delay for trip) 10.0582 26.2944 125 125 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW) 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 21/70
06 40

tEF tR1 tR2 = = = 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current) 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 1A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (1694.61 x 106) / (3 x 132 x 103) = 7412.21 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 7412.21 = 370.61 A The secondary current is 370.61 / 1000 =0.37 A Setting recommended = 0.4 A Time Delay: The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin i.e., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms (Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 3(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 22/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 3(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 3(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 4(a) REL 511 (21) - BASPUR NAGAR FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 132 kV 15.615 Km

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 23/70
06 40

3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 1694.61 MVA 0.16221744 ohms/km 0.386116 ohms/km 0.405631 ohms/km 1.622174 ohms/km 1000A 1A 145000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/1) /(145000/110) = Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 0.758621 = Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction = = = = = = = = 0.758621 = 0.16221744 x 15.615 x 1.9216 ohms = 0.386116 x 15.615 x 0.758621 = 4.5731 ohms 0.405631 x 15.615 x 0.758621 4.8051 ohms 1.622174 x 15.615 x 0.758621 19.2161 ohms 20 x 0.758621 15.1724 ohms 5 x 0.758621 3.7931 ohms

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 24/70
06 40

= = = = = = = =
0.8 x 1.9216 1.5373 ohms/phase 0.8 x 4.5739 3.6591 ohms/phase 0.8 x 4.8051 3.8441 ohms/phase 0.8 x 19.2161 15. 3729 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931, 3.6591x 0.4663 + 1.5373) , 3 x 3.6591} = 2 x Min {3.7931 10.9773 } = 7. 5862 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 3.6591 x 0.4663 +1.5373) , 4.5 x 3.6591} = Min { 15.1724 , 16.4659 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 1.9216 2.30592 ohms/phase 1.2 x 4.5739 5.48868 ohms/phase 1.2 x 4.8051 5.7661 ohms/phase 1.2 x 19.2161 23.0593 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 5.48868 x 0.4663 + 2.3059) , 3 x 5.48868} = 2 x Min { 4.8653, 16.466 } = 9.7306 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 5.48868 x 0.4663 + 2.3059) , 4.5 x 5.48868} = Min { 15.1724 , 24.6990 } = 15.1724 ohms/ loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 25/70
06 40

Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 2 x 1.9216 3. 8432 ohms/phase 2 x 4.5739 9.1478 ohms/phase 2 x 4.8051 9.6102 ohms/phase 2 x 19.2161 38.4322 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 9.1478 x 0.4663 + 3.8432) , 3 x 9.1478} = 2 x Min { 8.1088 , 27.4434 } = 16.2176 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 9.1478 x 0.4663 + 3.8432) , 4.5 x 9.1478} = Min { 15.1724 , 27.4434 } = 15.1724 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 1.9216 = 0.3843 ohms/phase Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE = 0.2 x 4.5739 = 0.9148 ohms/phase Zero sequence resistance , R0PE = 0.2 x 4.8051 = 0.9610 ohms/phase Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = 0.2 x 19.2161 = 3.8432 ohms/phase Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (3.7931 , 0.9148 x 0.4663 + 0.3843) , 3 x 0.9148} = 2 x Min { 3.7931 , 2.7444} = 5.4888 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (15.1724 , 0.9148 x 0.4663 + 0.3843) , 4.5 x 0.9148} = Min { 15.1724 , 4.1166 } = 4.1166 ohms / loop General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 26/70
06 40

distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 9.1438= 18.2876 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 0.9148 = 1. 8296 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 3.8432 + 16.2176] ) = 47.808 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 3.8432+ 9.6102)+15.1724]) = 47.8759 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 38.4332=76.8664 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (16.2176,15.1724) = 16.2176 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 9.1438 = 10.0582 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 3.8432 + 16.2176) = 26.2944 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP = = = = = 1.5373 3.6591 3.8441 15.3729 7.5862

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 27/70
06 40

RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 15.1724 2.30592 5.48868 5.7661 23.0593 9.7306 15.1724 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 3.8432 9.1478 9.6102 38.4322 16.2176 15.1724 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.3843 0.9148 0.961 3.8432 5.4888 4.1166 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
18.2876 1.8296 47.808 47.8759 76.8664 16.2176 25 2s(time delay for trip) 10.0582 26.2944 125 125 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW) 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 28/70
06 40

tEF tR1 tR2 = = = 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current) 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 1A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (1694.61 x 106) / (3 x 132 x 103) = 7412.21 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 7412.21 = 370.61 A The secondary current is 370.61 / 1000 =0.37 A Setting recommended = 0.4 A Time Delay : The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 4(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 29/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 4(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 4(e)Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 5(a) REL 511 (21) - RISHIKESH FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length

400 kV 189 Km
Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 30/70
06 40

3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 7109.02 MVA 0.029792 ohms/km 0.332 ohms/km 0.16192 ohms/km 1.24 ohms/km 1000A 6A 400000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/6) /(400000/110) = Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 = Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction = = = = = = = = 0.045833 = 0.029792 x 189 x 0.045833 0.2580 ohms = 0.332 x 189 x 0.045833 = 2.8759 ohms 0.16192 x 189 x 0.045833 1.4026 ohms 1.24 x 189 x 0.045833 10.7414 ohms 20 x 0.045833 0.9167 ohms 5 x 0.045833 0.2291 ohms

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 31/70
06 40

Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 0.8 x 0.2580 0.2064 ohms/phase 0.8 x 2.8759 2.3007 ohms/phase 0.8 x 1.4026 1.1221 ohms/phase 0.8 x 10.7414 8.5931 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291, 2.3007 x 0.4663 + 0.2064) , 3 x 2.3007} = 2 x Min {1.2792, 6.9021 } = 2.5584 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 2.3007 x 0.4663 +0.2064) , 4.5 x 2.3007} = Min { 1.2792 , 10.3532 } = 1.2792 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 0.2580 0.3096 ohms/phase 1.2 x 2.8759 3.4511 ohms/phase 1.2 x 1.4026 1.6831 ohms/phase 1.2 x 10.7414 12.8897 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 3.4511 x 0.4663 + 0.3096) , 3 x 3.4511} = 2 x Min { 1.9188, 10.3533 } = 3.8376 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 3.4511 x 0.4663 + 0.3096) , 4.5 x 3.4511} = Min { 1.9188 , 15.5299 } = 1.9188 ohms/ loop = 2 x 0.2580
Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 32/70
06 40

Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = 0.516 ohms/phase 2 x 2.8759 5.7518 ohms/phase 2 x 1.4026 2.8052 ohms/phase 2 x 10.7414 21.4828 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 5.7518 x 0.4663 + 0.516) , 3 x 5.7518} = 2 x Min { 3.1981 , 17.2554 } = 6.3962 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 5.7518 x 0.4663 + 0.516) , 4.5 x 5.7518} = Min { 3.1981, 25.8831 } = 3.1981 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 0.2580 = 0.0516 ohms/phase Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE = 0.2 x 2.8759 = 0.5752ohms/phase Zero sequence resistance , R0PE = 0.2 x 1.4026 = 0.2805ohms/phase Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = 0.2 x 10.7414 = 2.1483 ohms/phase Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 0.5752 x 0.4663 + 0.0516) , 3 x 0.5752} = 2 x Min { 0.3198 , 1.7256} = 0.6396 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 0.5752 x 0.4663 + 0.0516) , 4.5 x 0.5752 = Min { 0.9167 , 2.5884 } = 0.9167 ohms / loop General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area.

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 33/70
06 40

Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 5.7518= 11.5036 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 0.5752 = 1. 1504 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = (2 [2 x 0.516 + 6.3962]) = 14. 8564 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 0.516+ 2.8052) + 3.1981]) = 8.9541 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 21.4828=42.9656 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (6.3962,3.1981) = 6.3962 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 5.7518 = 6.3270 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 (2 x 0.516 + 6.3962) = 8.168 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE = = = = = = 0.2064 2.3007 1.1221 8.5931 2.5584 1.2792

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 34/70
06 40

2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH tEF tR1 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0.3096 3.4511 1.6831 12.8897 3.8376 1.9188 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 0.516 5.7518 2.8052 21.4828 6.3962 3.1981 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.0516 0.5752 0.2805 2.1483 0.6396 0.9167 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
11.5036 1.1504 14.8564 8.9541 42.9656 6.3962 25 2s(time delay for trip) 6.3270 8.168 125 125 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW) 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected) 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 35/70
06 40

tR2 = 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 6A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (7109.02 x 106) / (3 x 400 x 103) = 10261.29 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 10261.29 = 513.06 A The secondary current is 513.06 x 6 / 1000 =3.0786 A Setting recommended = 3.1 A Time Delay : The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 5(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 36/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 5(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 5(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 5(f) LZ96 Distance Relay System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 400 kV 189 Km

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 37/70
06 40

3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 7109.02 MVA 0.029792 ohms/km 0.332 ohms/km 0.16192 ohms/km 1.24 ohms/km
1000 A 6A 400000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1 = = = 0.8 x 0.258073 0.206459 ohms/phase 0.8 x 2.87595 = = = = = = = = = = = CTR/PTR (1000/6) /(400000/110) 0.045833 0.029792 x 189 x 0.4 0.258073 ohms 0.332 x 189 x 0.4 2.87595 ohms 0.16192 x 189 x 0.4 46.81152 ohms 1.24 x 189 x 0.4 93.744 ohms

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 38/70
06 40

= Z1 = Z1= Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1 = = = = Z2 = Z2 = = = = = 2.30076 ohms/phase 0.206459+j 2.30076 ohms/phase 2.31 ohms/phase 1.2 x 0.258073 0.309668 ohms/phase 1.2 x.2.87595 3.45114 ohms/phase 0.309668+j3.45114 ohms/phase 3.46501 ohms/phase 2 x 0.258073 0.516146 ohms/phase 2 x 2.87595 5.7519 ohms/phase
Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X2
Z3 =
Z3 =
0.516146+j5.7519 ohms/phase
5.77501 ohms/phase 0.2 x 0.258073 0.05162 ohms/phase 0.2 x 9.74175 0.5752 ohms/phase 0.05162+j0.5752 ohms/phase 0.5723 ohms/phase
Zone-4 setting
Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X1 = = = = Z4 = Z4 =
Setting of Distance Zones The values of Zi (i=1,2,3) for the zones can be set using the formula : Zi = ZM * mi * 100/Ni Ohms/phase m= 1,10,100 m1/N1 = Z1/(100*ZM) = 6.9543/(100*0.1) m1/N1 = 0.84782 m1= 100 N1 = 87 m2/N2 = Z2/(100*Zm) = 10.4433/(100*0.1) m2/N2 = 1.04433 m2 = 100 N2= 58 m3/N3 = Z3/(100*Zm) = 17.4055/(100*0.1) m3/N3 = 1.74055 m3= 100 N3= 35 REPLICA IMPEDANCE (ZM)= 0.02 REPLICA ANGLE (PHI-M) = 85

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 39/70
06 40

Setting Of Under Impedance Starter ZA= (0.258073+j*2.87595)+(1.2*(0.029792+j*0.332)*189*0.045833) Load Impedance = 400*400/ 7109.02 ZA= 0.567761 +j 6.32709 ZA is less than 0.65 * Load Impedance. ZA is set according to the formula : ZA = NA = Reverse to forward reach ratio kB = 50 * ZM * 100/NA 50*100*0.02/6.35251 ZB/ZA = 0.3
Setting Of Zero Seq. Compensation Factor: ko= Z0-Z1/3*Z1 =((0.16192+j*1.24)-(0.029792+j*0.332))/(3*(0.029792+j*0.332)) =0.3 The Recommended Settings m1 = 100 N1 = 87 m2 = 100 N2 = 58 m3 = 100 N3 = 35 ZM = 0.02
6(a) REL 511 (21) - MORADABAD FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating
400 kV 92.26 Km 17084.91 MVA 0.029792 ohms/km 0.332 ohms/km 0.16192 ohms/km 1.24 ohms/km 1000A 6A
Description


Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 40/70
06 40

3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 400000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (1000/6) /(400000/110) = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0.045833 0.029792 x 92.26 x 0.045833 0.1259 ohms 0.332 x 92.26 x 0.045833 1.4039 ohms 0.16192 x 92.26 x 0.045833 0.6847 ohms 1.24 x 92.26 x 0.045833 5.2434 ohms 20 x 0.045833 0.9167 ohms 5 x 0.045833 0.2291 ohms
Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = =
0.8 x 0.1259 0.10072 ohms/phase 0.8 x 1.4039 1.1231 ohms/phase 0.8 x 0.6847 0.5478 ohms/phase 0.8 x 5.2434 4.1947 ohms/phase

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 41/70
06 40

Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291, 1.1231 x 0.4663 + 0.10072) , 3 x 1.1231} = 2 x Min {0.6244, 3.3693 } = 1.2488 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 1.1231 x 0.4663 + 0.10072) , 4.5 x 1.1231} = Min { 0.9167 , 5.0539 } = 0.9167 ohms / loop Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 0.1259 0.1511 ohms/phase 1.2 x 1.4039 1.6847 ohms/phase 1.2 x 0.6847 0.8216 ohms/phase 1.2 x 5.2434 6.2921 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 1.6847 x 0.4663 + 0.1511) , 3 x 1.6847} = 2 x Min { 0.9377, 5.0541 } = 1.8754 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 1.6847 x 0.4663 + 0.1511) , 4.5 x 1.6847} = Min { 0.9377 , 7.5812 } = 0.9377 ohms/ loop = = = = = = = = 2 x 0.1259 0.2518 ohms/phase 2 x 1.4039 2.8078 ohms/phase 2 x 0.6847 1.3694 ohms/phase 2 x 5.2434 10.4868 ohms/phase
Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE Resistive reach for phase-phase faults,

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 42/70
06 40

RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 2.8078 x 0.4663 + 0.2518) , 3 x 2.8078} = 2 x Min { 1.5611 , 5.6156 } = 3.1222 ohms / loop = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.2291 , 2.8078 x 0.4663 + 0.2518) , 4.5 x 5.7518} = Min { 1.5611, 25.8831 } = 1.5611 ohms / loop = = = = = = = = 0.2 x 0.1259 0.0252 ohms/phase 0.2 x 1.4039 0.2808ohms/phase 0.2 x 0.6847 0.1369ohms/phase 0.2 x 5.2434 1.0487 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE
Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (0.2291 , 0.2808 x 0.4663 + 0.0252) , 3 x 0.2808} = 2 x Min { 0.2291 , 0.8424} = 0.4582 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (0.9167 , 0.2808 x 0.4663 + 0.0252) , 4.5 x 0.2808} = Min { 0.9167 , 1.2636 } = 0.9167 ohms / loop
General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 2.8078= 5.6156 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 0.2808 = 0.5616 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 43/70
06 40

= (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 0.2518 + 3.1222] ) = 7.2516 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 0.2518+ 1.3694)+1.5611]) = 1.3709 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 10.4868=20.9736 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (3.1222.1.5611) = 3.1222 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 2.8078 = 3.08858 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 0.2518 + 3.1222) = 3.9084 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP = = = = = = = = = = = 0.10072 1.1231 0.5478 4.1947 1.2488 0.9167 0.1511 1.6847 0.8216 6.2921 1.8754

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 44/70
06 40

RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH tEF tR1 tR2 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0.9377 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 0.2518 2.8078 1.3694 10.4868 1.3222 1.5611 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.0252 0.2808 0.1369 1.0487 0.4582 0.9167 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
5.6156 0.5616 7.2516 1.3709 20.9736 3.1222 25 2s(time delay for trip) 3.08858 3.9084 125 125 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing) 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW) 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer) 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected) 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time) 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current) 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 45/70
06 40
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 6 A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (17084.91 x 106) / (3 x 400 x 103) = 24660.67 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 24660.67 = 1233.03 A The secondary current is 1233.03 x 6 / 1000 =7.398 A Setting recommended = 7.4 A Time Delay : The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 6(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 6(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 46/70
06 40
Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 6(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 6(f) LZ96 Distance Relay System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating
400 kV 92.26 Km 17084.91 MVA 0.029792 ohms/km 0.332 ohms/km 0.16192 ohms/km 1.24 ohms/km

1000 A
Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 47/70
06 40

2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 6A 400000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1 = = = = Z1 = Z1= = = = = Z2 = 0.8 x 0.125978 0.100782 ohms/phase 0.8 x 1.40389 1.12311 ohms/phase 0.100782+j 1.12311 ohms/phase 1.12762 ohms/phase 1.2 x 0.125978 0.151174 ohms/phase 1.2 x 1.40389 1.68467 ohms/phase 0.151174+j1.6847 ohms/phase = = = = = = = = = = = CTR/PTR (1000/1) /(400000/110) 0.275 0.029792 x 107.794x 0.275 0.883 ohms 0.332 x 107.794 x 0.275 1.40389 ohms 0.16192 x 92.26 x 0.045833 0.6847 ohms 1.24 x 92.26 x 0.045833 5.2434 ohms
Zone-2 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 48/70
06 40

Z2 = Zone-3 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X2 = = = = 1.69144 ohms/phase 2 x 0.125978 0.251976 ohms/phase 2 x 1.40389 2.80778 ohms/phase
Z3 =
Z3 =
0.251976+j2.80778 ohms/phase
2.81906 ohms/phase 0.2 x 0.125978 0.0251976 ohms/phase 0.2 x 1.40389 0.280778 ohms/phase 0.0251976+j0.280778 ohms/phase 0.2819 ohms/phase
Zone-4 setting
Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X1 = = = = Z4 = Z4 =
Setting of Distance Zones The values of Zi (i=1,2,3) for the zones can be set using the formula : Zi = ZM * mi * 100/Ni Ohms/phase m= 10 m1/N1 = Z1/(100*ZM) = 6.9543/(100*0.1) m1/N1 = 0.84782 m1= 10 N1 = 18 m2/N2 = Z2/(100*Zm) = 10.4433/(100*0.1) m2/N2 = 1.04433 m2 = 10 N2= 12 m3/N3 = Z3/(100*Zm) = 17.4055/(100*0.1) m3/N3 = 1.74055 m3= 100 N3= 71 REPLICA IMPEDANCE (ZM)= 0.02 REPLICA ANGLE (PHI-M) = 85
Setting Of Under Impedance Starter ZA= (0.125978+j*1.40389)+(1.2*(0.029792+j*0.332)*92.26*0.0458333) Load Impedance = 400*400/ 17084.91 ZA= 1.60232 +j 18.7968 ZA is less than 0.65 * Load Impedance. ZA is set according to the formula : ZA = 50 * ZM * 100/NA NA = 50*100*0.02/3.10097

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 49/70
06 40

Reverse to forward reach ratio kB = ZB/ZA = 0.3
Setting Of Zero Seq. Compensation Factor: ko= Z0-Z1/3*Z1 =((0.16192+j*1.24)-(0.029792+j*0.332))/(3*(0.029792+j*0.332)) = 0.3 The Recommended Settings m1 = 10 N1 = 18 m2 = 10 N2 = 12 m2 = 100 N1 = 71 ZM = 0.02 PHI-M = 85 kB = 0.3
7(a) REL 511 (21) - HALDWANI FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 220 kV 53.5 Km 2870.56 MVA 0.0748748 ohms/km 0.399252 ohms/km 0.219978 ohms/km 1.339228 ohms/km 800 A 1A 220000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed)
C)Source Impedance
1)Fault MVA at local end 2)Fault MVA at remote end

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 50/70
06 40

3)Source impedance angle 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
E)Fault resistance
Calculations :Impedance ratio = = CTR/PTR (800/1) /(220000/110) = = = = = = = = = = = = = 0.4 0.0748748 x 53.50 x 0.4 1.6023 ohms 0.399252 x 53.50 x 0.4 8.5440 ohms 0.219978 x 53.50 x 0.4 4.7075 ohms 1.339228 x 53.50 x 0.4 28. 6595 ohms 20 x 0.4 8 ohms 5 x 0.4 2 ohms
Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = =
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2, 6.8352 x 0.4663 + 1.28184) , 3 x 6.8352} = 2 x Min {4.4691, 20.5056 } = 8.9382 ohms / loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 51/70
06 40

Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 6.8352 x 0.4663 + 1.28184) , 4.5 x 6.8352} = Min { 8 , 30.8754 } = 8 ohms / loop = = = = = = = = 1.2 x 1.6023 1.9228 ohms/phase 1.2 x 8.554 10.2648 ohms/phase 1.2 x 4.7075 5.649 ohms/phase 1.2 x 28.6595 34.3914 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 10.2648 x 0.4663 + 1.9228) , 3 x 10.2648} = 2 x Min { 6.7093, 30.7944 } = 13. 4186 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 10.2648 x 0.4663 + 1.9228), 4.5 x 10.2648} = Min { 8 , 46.1916 } = 8 ohms/ loop = = = = = = = = 2 x 1.6023 3.2046 ohms/phase 2 x 8.554 17.108 ohms/phase 2 x 4.7075 9.415 ohms/phase 2 x 28.6595 57. 319 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 17.108 x 0.4663 + 3.2046) , 3 x 17.108 } = 2 x Min { 11.1821 , 51.324 } = 22.3642 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X }

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 52/70
06 40

= Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8, 17.108 x 0.4663 + 3.2046) , 4.5 x 17.108 } = Min { 11.1821, 76.986 } = 11.1821 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 0.2 x 1.6023 0.3205 ohms/phase 0.2 x 8.554 1.7108ohms/phase 0.2 x 4.7075 0.9415 ohms/phase 0.2 x 28.6595 5.7319 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 1.7108 x 0.4663 + 0.3205) , 3 x 1.7108} = 2 x Min { 2 , 5.1324} = 4 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 1.7108 x 0.4663 + 0.3205) , 4.5 x 1.7108 } = Min { 8 , 7.6986 } = 7. 6986 ohms/km General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 17.108= 34.216 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 1.7108 = 3.4216 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 3.2046 + 22.3642] ) = 57. 5468 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 3.2046 + 9.415)+11.1821]) = 34. 391 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 53/70
06 40

= 2 x 51.319 = 102.638 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (22.3642,11.1821) = 22.3642 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)
Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 17.108 = 18.8188 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 3.2046 + 22.3642) = 31.6507 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1.2818 6.8352 3.766 22.9276 8.9382 8 1.9228 10.2648 5.649 34.3914 13.4186 8 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 3.2046 17.108 9.415 57.319 22.3642 11.1821

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 54/70
06 40

t3PP & t3PE 4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH tEF tR1 tR2 = = = = = = = = 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.3205 1.7108 0.9415 5.7319 2.2364 1.1182 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 800 / 1A Calculations:

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 55/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (2780.56 x 106) / (3 x 220 x 103) = 7297.29 A 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 7297.29 = 364.86 A The secondary current is 364.86 / 800 =0.4561 A Setting recommended = 0.5 A Time Delay : The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 7(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionisation. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionisation time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 7(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec.

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 56/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 7(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 7(f) LZ96 Distance Relay System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 220 kV 53.5 Km 2870.56 MVA 0.0748748 ohms/km 0.399252 ohms/km 0.219978 ohms/km 1.339228 ohms/km
800 A 1A 220000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed)
C)Source Impedance

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 57/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS E)Fault resistance

1)Fault resistance in primary for phase-earth faults 2)Fault resistance in primary for phase-phase faults 20 ohms 5 ohms
Calculations :Impedance ratio Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1 = = = = Z1 = Z1= = = = = Z2 = Z2 = = = = = 0.8 x 1.6023 1.2818 ohms/phase 0.8 x 8.5440 6.8352 ohms/phase 1.2818+j6.8352 ohms/phase 6.9543 ohms/phase 1.2 x 1.6023 1.9228 ohms/phase 1.2 x 8.554 10.2648 ohms/phase 1.9228+j10.2648 ohms/phase 10.4315 ohms/phase 2 x 1.6023 3.2046 ohms/phase 2 x 8.554 17.108 ohms/phase = = = = = = = = = = = CTR/PTR (800/1) /(220000/110) 0.4 0.0748748 x 53.50 x 0.4 1.6023 ohms 0.399252 x 53.50 x 0.4 8.5440 ohms 0.219978 x 53.50 x 0.4 4.7075 ohms 1.339228 x 53.50 x 0.4 28. 6595 ohms
Z3 =
Z3 =
3.2046+j17.108 ohms/phase
17.1629 ohms/phase
Zone-4 setting

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 58/70
06 40

Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X1 = = = = Z4 = Z4 = 0.2 x 1.6023 0.3205 ohms/phase 0.2 x 8.554 1.7108ohms/phase 0.3205+j1.7108 ohms/phase 1.7056 ohms/phase
Setting Of Under Impedance Starter ZA= (1.60232+j*8.54399)+(1.2*(0+j*0.399252)*53.5*0.4) Load Impedance = 220*220/ 2870.56 ZA= 1.60232 +j 18.7968 ZA is less than 0.65 * Load Impedance. ZA is set according to the formula : ZA = 50 * ZM * 100/NA NA = 50*100*0.1/18.865 Reverse to forward reach ratio kB = ZB/ZA = 0.3 Setting Of Zero Seq. Compensation Factor: ko= Z0-Z1/3*Z1 =((0.219978+j*1.33923)-(0.0748748+j*0.399252))/(3*(0.0748748+j*0.399252)) =0.3 The Recommended Settings

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 59/70
06 40

m1 = 10 N1 = 14 m2 = 100 N2 = 96 m3 = 100 N3 = 58 ZM = 0.1 PHI-M = 85 ko = 0.3 kB = 0.3
8(a) REL 511 (21) ALMORA FEEDER System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 220 kV 61 Km 3783.99 MVA 0.0748748 ohms/km 0.399252 ohms/km 0.219978 ohms/km 1.339228 ohms/km 800 A 1A 220000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 60/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS Relay details:In=1A,Un=110V
Calculations :Impedance ratio Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Fault resistance in secondary for phase-earth faults , Rfe Fault resistance in secondary for phase-phase faults , Rfp Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = = 0.8 x 1.8269 1.4615 ohms/phase 0.8 x 9.7417 7.79336 ohms/phase 0.8 x 5.3675 4.294 ohms/phase 0.8 x 32.6772 26.1418 ohms/phase = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = CTR/PTR (800/1) /(220000/110) 0.4 0.0748748 x 61x 0.4 1.8269 ohms 0.399252 x 61x 0.4 9.7417 ohms 0.219978 x 61x 0.4 5.3675 ohms 1.339228 x 61x 0.4 32.6772 ohms 20 x 0.4 8 ohms 5 x 0.4 2 ohms
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2, 7.79336 x 0.4663 + 1.4615) , 3 x 7.79336} = 2 x Min {5.0955, 23.3801 } = 10.191 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 7.79336 x 0.4663 + 1.4615) , 4.5 x 7.79336} = Min { 8 , 35.0701 } = 8 ohms / loop

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 61/70
06 40

= = = = = = = =
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 11.69 x 0.4663 + 2.1923) , 3 x 11.69} = 2 x Min { 7.6433, 35.07 } = 15.2866 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 11.69 x 0.4663 + 2.1923), 4.5 x 11.69} = Min { 8 , 52.61 } = 8 ohms/ loop = = = = = = = = 2 x 1.8269 3.6538 ohms/phase 2 x 9.7417 19.4834 ohms/phase 2 x 5.3675 10.735 ohms/phase 2 x 32.6772 65.3544 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 19.4834 x 0.4663 + 3.6538) , 3 x 19.4834 } = 2 x Min { 12.7389 , 58.4502 } = 25.4778 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8, 19.4834 x 0.4663 + 3.6538) , 4.5 x 19.4834 } = Min { 12.7389, 87.6753 } = 12.7389 ohms / loop Zone-4 setting (reverse) Positive sequence resistance , R1PP&R1PE = 0.2 x 1.8269

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 62/70
06 40

Positive sequence reactance , X1PP&X1PE Zero sequence resistance , R0PE Zero sequence reactance , X0PE = = = = = = = 0.3654 ohms/phase 0.2 x 9.7417 1.9483ohms/phase 0.2 x 5.3675 1.0735 ohms/phase 0.2 x 32.6772 6.5354 ohms/phase
Resistive reach for phase-phase faults, RFPP = 2 x Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 3X } = 2 x Min { Max (Rfp , X1PP tan 25 +R1PP) , 3X1PP } = 2 x Min { Max (2 , 1.9483 x 0.4663 + 0.3564) , 3 x 1.9843} = 2 x Min { 2 , 5.9529} = 4 ohms / loop Resistive reach for phase-earth, RFPE = Min { Max (Fault resistance, X tan 25 +R) , 4.5X } = Min { Max (Rfe , X1PE tan 25 +R1PE) , 4.5X1PE } = Min { Max (8 , 1.9483 x 0.4663 + 0.3564) , 4.5 x 1.9483 } = Min { 8 , 8.7674 } = 8 ohms/km General Fault Criteria (GFC) GFC is an overall impedance-measuring element with a very high reach and long time delay for its tripping function. The GFC characteristics should in general cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection ,regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area. Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction ,X1FwPP & X1FwPE = 2 x X3 =2 x 19.4834= 38.9668 ohms/ phase Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction ,X1RvPP & X1RvPE = 2 x X4 =2 x 1.9483 = 3.8966 ohms/ phase Positive sequence resistance for ph-ph faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPP = (2[2*R3 + RFPP]) = ( 2 [2 x 3.6538 + 25.4778] ) = 65.5708 ohms/loop Positive sequence resistance for ph-e faults for forward & reverse reach , RFPE = (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+RFPE]) = (2[1/3(2 x 3.6538 + 10.735)+12.7389]) = 37.5062 ohms/loop Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward & reverse direction, X0FwPE & X0RvPE = 2 x X03 = 2 x X0PE = 2 x 65.3544 = 130.7088 ohms/phase The resistive reach in the load impedance area , RLd = Max(RFPP,RFPE) = Max (25.4778,12.7389) = 25. 4778 ohms/loop Load Angle, ARGLd = 25 (Assumed)

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 63/70
06 40

Power Swing Block Function The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered. Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN = 1.1 x X3 = 1.1 x X1PP = 1.1 x 19.4834 = 21.4317 ohms/phase Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN = 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP) = 1.1 ( 2 x 3.6538 + 25.4778) = 36.0639 ohms/phase Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended) Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended) Setting Recommendations:1) Zone-1:R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE 2) Zone-2 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t2PP & t2PE 3) Zone-3 :R1PP & R1PE X1PP & X1PE R0PE X0PE RFPP RFPE t3PP & t3PE = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1.4615 0.7934 4.294 26.1418 10.191 8 2.1923 11.69004 6.441 39.2126 15.2866 8 0.400 s (time delay for trip) 3.6538 19.4834 10.735 65.3544 25.47`78 12.7389 0.800 s(time delay for trip) 0.3654 1.9483 1.0735
4) Zone-4:- (reverse) R1PP & R1PE = X1PP & X1PE = R0PE =

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 64/70
06 40

X0PE RFPP RFPE t4PP & t4PE 5) GFC :X1FwPP & X1FwPE X1RvPP & X1RvPE RFPP RFPE X0FwPE & X0RvPE RLd ARGLd tPP & tPE 6) PSB :X1IN R1IN KX RX tP1 tP2 tW tH tEF tR1 tR2 = = = = 6.5354 4 8 0.250 s (time delay for trip)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
Relay Detail: RXIB range: 0 .2-3A Time delay: 20 ms - 99 hrs System Particulars: CT ratio = 1000 / 1A Calculations: Setting of LBB should be as sensitive or more sensitive than the most sensitive protection of the unit. The most sensitive protection of the unit is Reverse power protection which is set at 5%. Hence the setting recommended is 5% of the rated current The rated current is (3783.99 x 106) / (3 x 220 x 103) = 9930.69 A

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 65/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS 5% of this corresponds to 0.05 x 9930.69 = 496.53 A The secondary current is 496.53 / 800 =0.6207 A Setting recommended = 0.62 A Time Delay: The time delay should include RXIB pickup time + Breaker opening time + Reset time of RXIB24 + Margin ie., the time delay = 4ms + 60ms + 12ms + 75ms ( Assuming 3 cycle breaker) = 150ms 8(c) Auto reclose RAAAM Dead Time: A time between the fault clearing and the reclosing shot is necessary to allow for the arc de-ionization. The dead time setting corresponds to the time between the auto reclosing start and the reclosing shot. In the event of a single phase fault and single phase tripping in long lines, the de-ionization time will be longer than with three phase tripping due to capacitive coupling to the healthy phases. Single phase dead time is recommended to be set to 1sec Three phase dead time is recommended to be set to 600msec Reclaim Time: The reclaim time is the time during which a new start of the autoreclosing is blocked. It is chosen considering the breaker duty cycle, which specifies the minimum allowed time between successive breaker reclosing attempts, so that an eventual tripping and reclosing on to permanent faults, will neither deteriorate the breaker capacity nor damage the breaker. Typical value = 30 sec. 8(d) Under Voltage Protection 27P - RXEG Relay Details: RXEG range: 40 - 120 V Calculations: Under voltage 1st stage is set to 85% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.85 x 110 = 93.5 V Time delay 1st stage 3 sec. Under voltage 2nd stage is set to 80% of the rated voltage. Setting of RXEG = 0.8 x 110 = 88 V Time delay 2nd stage 1 sec. Recommended Settings: RXEG 1st stage setting = (2.34 x 40) RXEG 2nd stage setting = (2.2 x 40) Timers

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 66/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS Stage I = 3 sec Stage II = 1 sec 8(e) Check Synchronizing Relay RASC: Relay Details: Voltage difference: 7.5 - 67.5 % in steps of 7.5% Phase angle difference: 5 - 75 in steps of 5 Calculations: Check synchronizing relay for line is set to voltage difference of 30 % and phase angle difference of 30 . Recommended Settings Voltage setting: 4 * 7.5 % Phase angle setting: 6 * 5 Connect 110 V if phase to phase voltage is connected 8(f) LZ96 Distance Relay System Particulars :A)Line parameters 1)Rated line voltage 2)Line length 3)Max power flow in the line 4)Positive sequence resistance 5)Positive sequence reactance 6)Zero sequence resistance 7)Zero sequence reactance B)CT/PT details 1)CT primary rating 2)CT secondary rating 3)PT primary rating 4)PT secondary rating 220 kV 61 Km 2870.56 MVA 0.0748748 ohms/km 0.399252 ohms/km 0.219978 ohms/km 1.339228 ohms/km
800 A 1A 220000 V 110 V 1694.61MVA 1694.61 MVA(assumed) 80 (assumed) 20 ohms 5 ohms
C)Source Impedance
E)Fault resistance

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 67/70
06 40
UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS Relay details:In=1A,Un=110V
Calculations :Impedance ratio Positive sequence line resistance in secondary,R1 Positive sequence line reactance in secondary,X1 Zero sequence line resistance in secondary,R0 Zero sequence line reactance in secondary,X0 Zone-1 is set to protect 80% of the line Zone-2 is set to protect (120% of the line) Zone-3 is set to protect (200% of the line) Zone-4 is set to protect 20% of the Line in the reverse direction Zone-1 setting Positive sequence resistance R1 Positive sequence reactance X1 = = = = Z1 = Z1= = = = = Z2 = Z2 = = = = = 0.8 x 1.82695 1.46156 ohms/phase 0.8 x 9.74175 7.7934 ohms/phase 1.46156+j 7.7934 ohms/phase 7.92926 ohms/phase 1.2 x 1.82695 2.19233 ohms/phase 1.2 x 9.74175 11.6901 ohms/phase 2.19233+j11.6901 ohms/phase 11.8939 ohms/phase 2 x 1.82695 3.2046 ohms/phase 2 x 9.74175 17.108 ohms/phase = = = = = = = = = = = CTR/PTR (800/1) /(220000/110) 0.4 0.0748748 x 61 x 0.4 1.82695 ohms 0.399252 x 61 x 0.4 9.74175 ohms 0.219978 x 61 x 0.4 5.3675 ohms 1.339228 x 61 x 0.4 32.6772 ohms
Z3 =
Z3 =
3.2046+j17.108 ohms/phase
19.8232 ohms/phase 0.2 x 1.82695 0.36539 ohms/phase 0.2 x 9.74175 1.94835 ohms/phase 0.36539+j1.94835 ohms/phase
Zone-4 setting
Positive sequence resistance , R1 Positive sequence reactance , X1 = = = = Z4 =

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 68/70
06 40

Z4 = 1.9823 ohms/phase
Setting Of Under Impedance Starter ZA= (1.82695+j*9.74175)+(1.2*(0.0748748+j*0.399252)*61*0.4) Load Impedance = 220*220/ 3783.99 ZA= 1.60232 +j 18.7968 ZA is less than 0.65 * Load Impedance. ZA is set according to the formula : ZA = 50 * ZM * 100/NA NA = 50*100*0.1/21.8055 Reverse to forward reach ratio kB = ZB/ZA = 0.3 Setting Of Zero Seq. Compensation Factor: ko= Z0-Z1/3*Z1 =((0.219978+j*1.33923)-(0.0748748+j*0.399252))/(3*(0.0748748+j*0.399252)) =0.3 The Recommended Settings m1 = 10 N1 = 13 m2 = 100

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 69/70
06 40

N2 = 84 m3 = 100 N3 = 50 ZM = 0.1 PHI-M = 85 ko = 0.3 kB = 0.3

Description

Order Ref
415229
Drg. No.
UASE
06 40
YN1M 300 624-SET
Rev 00 Yr. wk
Sheet 70/70
06 40

Uttaranchal Power Corp. Ltd / Protection Settings Calculations

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UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.

LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

5) 400kV Rishikesh line protection

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORP.LTD / SETTING CALCULATIONS

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET

Nagendra Sarith Madhu

UTTARANCHAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

YN1M 300 624-SET