Central Dogma of Biology Find 15 Notes!

Mr. Rosenberg

The Central Dogma is . . .

1. DNARNAProtein

DNA vs RNA
2. Components of DNA
Sugar (deoxyribose) Base (A,G,C,T) Phosphate group

3. Components of RNA
Sugar (ribose) Base (A,G,C,Uracil)
RNA does not contain thymine

Phosphate group

Just a Bit Different - Sugar

Just a Bit Different Part 2 - Bases

DNA has:

A T C G
A U C G

RNA has:

DNA vs RNA continued

4. Structural Characteristics of DNA
Double stranded Base-pairing rules apply (A:T & G:C)

5. Structural Characteristics of RNA

Primarily single stranded Base-pairing rules apply (A:U & G:C)

6. 3 Main Types of RNA

Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

mRNA
7. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Complementary to info in DNA strand Variable in length Contains specific structural info for the sequence of amino acids Processed before using

tRNA
8. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Multiple varieties, each specific for a specific amino acid Relatively small, with a consistent 3-d shape There is a triplet base-pairing relationship between codon on mRNA and anti-codon on tRNA

rRNA
9. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Ribosomes are composed of rRNA simple!

The Central Dogma

10. DNA RNA Protein

Transcription and translation are the two processes of the Central Dogma 12. DNA transcribes RNA is translated to Protein

DNARNAProtein
13. DNA TRANSCRIBES mRNA mRNA is carried out of the nucleus 14. tRNA is TRANSLATED into protein

 In a eukaryotic cell, almost all transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs at ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Fig. 17.2b

15. The molecular chain of command in a cell is

DNA RNA protein.

This is referred to as the Central Dogma of Biology