1 2 3 4

5 6

7
8 9

The Rule is ADD 4

Ahmed
Peter Ali Jaweria

Paris
London Dubai New York Cyprus Has Visited

Hamad

There are MANY arrows from each person and each place is related to MANY People. It is a MANY to MANY relation.

Person

Has A Mass of

Kg

Bilal

62

Salma
Peter
Alaa

64

66

George Aziz

In this case each person has only one mass, yet several people have the same Mass. This is a MANY to ONE relationship

Is the length of cm object

14

Pen Pencil Ruler

30

Needle
Stick

Here one amount is the length of many objects. This is a ONE to MANY relationship

FUNCTIONS
Many to One Relationship

One to One Relationship

x2x+1

A
0 1 2 3 4 Domain 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Image Set (Range)

Co-domain

f : x x 2 4 fx x 2 4

The upper function is read as follows:Function f such that x is mapped onto x2+4

Lets look at some function Type questions

If

fx x 2 4 a n d g x 1 - x 2

F in d f2 F in d g 3 2 fx x2 4 2 =8

gx 1 - x2
3 3

= -8

Consider the function fx 3x - 1

3x
Multiply by 3

We can consider this as two simpler functions illustrated as a flow diagram

Subtract 1

3x - 1

Consider the function f : x 2x 52

x
Multiply by 2

2x

Add 5

2x 5

Square

2x 52

Consider 2 functions

f : x 3x 2 and gx : x x2

fg is a composite function, where g is performed first and then f is performed

on the result of g. The function fg may be found using a flow diagram

square

x2

Multiply by 3

3x 2

Add 2

3x2 2

g
Thus f = 3x2 2 g

x2

3x 2

g
2 4 2

f
14

f gx
3x2 2

Consider the function Here is its flow diagram

fx 5x - 2 3
5x 5 x -2 Subtract 2

Multiply by 5

fx 5x - 2 3 Divide by three

Draw a new flow diagram in reverse!. Start from the right and go left 3 x +2 5 Divide by 5

3 x +2
Add two

3x Multiply by three

And so

f -1 x 3x 2 5

(b) (a)

(c)

(d)

(a) and (c)

(b) (a)

(c)

(d)

(a) and (c)