.

D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D

&KDSWHU 

7{WR, WFHI  WDMFF+WXj P(6LIK SPY+NUVP]*-8SQI\+N

 /LPX{ $OSKDEHW WXj P
$ * 0 6 % + 1 7 & , 2 8 < $ % & ' ( ) * + , ' 3 9 = DU YXIZLI % W )YG\I & W )YG\I ' W )YG\I DH YXIZLI ) W )YG\I * W )YG\I + W )YG\I HL YXIZLI
Page | 1

( . 4 :

) / 5 ;

WP E' S'
' DW WXI]I V' WG\IFVI W'

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < =

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

D V DX WIYI WUI W-HI WNG \' 0X/ WP I WXISI Z' WO $*'

$YV/ WGXISI NGLI =XI
e, i,

- W )YG\I . W )YG\I / W )YG\I 0 W )YG\I 1 W )YG\I 2 YXIZLI"W )YG\I 3 W )YG\I 4 W )YG\I 5 W )YG\I 6 W )YG\I 7 W )YG\I XU YXIZLI 9 W )YG\I : W )YG\I ; W )YG\I < W )YG\I = W )YG\I
o, u) are pronounced as Latin.

NB: The vowel letters ( a,

The rest of consonants are pronouned as English.

U6ZIFVXI  D H L R X R UVPRPY4LI YXIZLIYNGWR+[XIRQI XVHIDRP *

$VQIWXj PSPYN+UVPU6PUO W )YG\IYNG WR+[*XITNGRQI

Page | 2

.D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D 8SSHUFDVH RU FDSLWDO OHWWHUV /LSOzGX SPYN+%X' $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = /RZHUFDVH RU VPDOO OHWWHUV /LSOzSK~ SPYN+DR

D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ]  /LSOzPX{ &RQVRQDQW $VQI

D 2UGHU RI FRQVDQDQWV

E F G I J K M N O P Q S T U V W Y Z [ \ ]
E /LSOzF 'RXEOH &RQVRQDQWV $VQIWXj

PZ*-

7KH IROORZLQJ GRXEOH FRQVRQDQWV DUH PRUH GHOLEHUDWHO\ XVHG DQG SURQRXFHG RQH VRXQG WR PDNH D VLQJOH FRQVRQDQW VRXQG

(66SI DWPXI\J $VQI (SIYN+Z-UVPRQI WRN+UVP1\' $VQIR+ ZSIR+ZQI * [*XI(NGLID\RQI

1* 1J +W .K 3K 7K +7 .+ 3+ 7+ 1< *1

L [ F ] R

MUHIUPYNGWR+[XIRQI *    
Page | 3

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH 1\ *Q

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

(V Q

 
LJ >NWR+[XIRQI * [P >NWR+[*XIRQI FJ >NWR+[XIRQI * ]P >NWR+[XIRQI * RP >NWR+[*XIRQI (VP >NWR+[XIRQI *

1J L XNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX QJD +W [ XNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX KWD .K FXNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX NKD 3K ]XNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX SKD 7K R XNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX WKD 1\ QXNG D (6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX Q\D *Q Q XNG D(6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX JQD

QP >NWR+[XIRQI *

U6ZIFVXI  J WXj PRQIWDMFF+RDEPZ PWPM]LIK 6GDHDRPIYQI FV YXIDZ*8 D RPD]PIM\MFLIU 6GDFV WD0XPLIU6P J WXj PWSP F DXPLI WXj PXYQIDXPLI" JK WXj PWSP N  $VQI WXj PXYQIDXPLI HM PZN 6GDHM]SIRQI [NGHQIZOSP I (6LIK M WXj PZNG<XNG WRN+UM\.D\ WD0XPLIU6P * I WSP SK WXj P" M WXj PWSP \ WXj PZNG< 06G XRQI  I J M T [  WXj PZNG<RQI YO(6LIK DH PHPUQIUVVP D RPD]PIM\ PZ*LI WRN+M\. U RPD DYRQI DYRQI
1% J FRQVRQDQW SULQFLSO\ H[LVWV EXW SUDFWLFDOO\ LV QRW ZULWWHQ DQG XVHG 7KH UHDVRQ LV WKDW F WDNHV WKH SODFH RI J DQG N  LQ SODFH RI JK $GGLWLRQDOO\ I DQG [ FRQVRQDQWV DUH QRW XVHG IRU SK WDNHV WKH SODFH RI I DQG \ LQ WKH SODFH RI M 7KH FRQVRQDQWV  I J M T [  H[LVW IRU ZULWLQJ QDPHV RI SODFH RU SHRSOH
Page | 4

.D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D

 3UDWKq 9RZHO R 
%DVLFDOO\ WKHUH DUH  YRZHOV LQ .D\DK ZULWLQJ

XPSPZ*LI WDMFF+WPM]LIKR YN+ 6GRQI

2UGHU RI YRZHOV 8SSHUFDVH SPYN+%X' $ ( , 2 8 /RZHUFDVH SPYN+DR D H L R X q z {

WP
D

DW

W'

WNG

WO WI

DWPI

W6/

2h/

WP ELWH XNGXIRQI KH VKH LW RO" ROU"eLI W' VKLW USLI

VSLW RXW D[*[NZIRQI

H DW HDW SPRQI L

R WNG KDYH EH 6GRQI X WO XKWH

q WI KLP KHU SURQ RO" ROU" z {

DWPI SRRO IORRG RI ZDWHU \HV WNGLI" WNGLIRQI" >NZIXK-

 MUHIUPYNG WR+U 6G  2\UP" { XNG W (6LIKD\JLIYNGXIY4LI W{ ZSI 3HI RNG<U>NZI ZNG<[GRQI

MUHIUYNGWR+U 6G  2\UP" XNG E (6LIKD\JLIYNGXIY4LI E M]G. RQI  +<RQI

Page | 5

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

 /DOR 7KH WRQH PDUNV WR+WHGUIKWMULIK  ViKWZy T[NG< QzKW\D DHPIFVP +LJK WRQH 0LG WRQH

F\DSOz  VP\DYPI %UHDWK\ WRQH

U6ZIFVXI
C A QzFL

R X-KRNG<YQIDXPLI" DNX{W hG.8 WU6ZIWRPRQI R (6LIK X R UVPD\Z*LI  {  RPRQI R X-KRNG<YQIDXPLI"  q z {  ZNG<RQI R UVPM]SI0XRQI RPXN DXPLI WYVLIX  C  WU6ZIWRPXNG DNUz WFD PI >OYQIDXPLI"  A  XNG  DFX WXV/ >OYQIDXPLI D EPYNG DFTNGF-KRQI DXPLI F-RQI

DHPIXV' WU6ZIWRPRQI H (6LIK R R UVPD\Z*LI  q z RPRQI

7RQH 'LDFULWLFV SXPYN+D\ WR+HGUIKMULIKWU6ZIWRP

ViKWZy +LJK 7RQH EUHDWKOHVV WRQH 6iKWZy PD DSUDKW\D SKZ  $ SUD WKqNK\p WDNL

WMULIKR+? RDX)ZM]SIRQI K DWPXIMUSIR+[XIRQI WR+D\JKRQI * WHQILI M\ZIRQI ]*8SQI\N+U6P "  i p t y ~ q z   M]SIRQI 2\UP t VKRXW XI DWPIDFRQI
q Fz
Page | 6

FDOO

DFRQI

MXVW VWUDLJKW DM]PLIKUZIRQI

.D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D QzKW\D 0LG 7RQH EUHDWKLQJ ORQJ WRQH 1zKW\D PD DSUDKW\D WKqG  $ SUDKW\D FZLKW 

WYZIR+?RDX)ZM]SIRQI MUHIUPS(6SIYN+D\JXI WR+[XIRQI * WR+ 6QIRQI WR+WHQILIMULIKT*-RQI ]*8SQI\N+U6P        q z {  M]SIRQI 2\UP VWLFN\ DSX\IDRP GULQN DRPXIRQI Fz WLH FVQID(6PLIRQI F UHODWHG H'S\IDRP
FX{ SRLQWHG F5HIDRP

F\DSOz %UHDWK\ 7RQH ORZ WRQH &\DSOz PD DSUD KWX{ $ SUD N\DNUR $ SUD FZL WD

WHGUIKR+? RDX)ZM]SIRQI WR+DYRQI YQIDFVPLIDYR+M]LIK DYUVPUVP[*XIRQI ]*8SQI\N+U6P   D H L R  q z {   D H  R X q z {   D H  R X q z {  M]SIRQI

2\UP Fz OLIW \LIKFV'RQI ND  J M\HIRQI FD VKLUW WXV) ' NH VWDWH HIDMU NU GLOLJHQW YN+<Y 6GDRP F VODYH X5HI
Page | 7

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

U6ZIFVXI"

" :KHQ WKHUH LV QR PDUNV RQ YRZHOV WKH OHWWHU LV ORZ WRQH SXPYN+D\YQIDXPLI" DWPXIYQIDXPLI  RDX)ZUVPU 6GY4LIuNGuNGWHGUI<R+ ORZ WRQHM]SIRQI
 SDRP

2\UP" ND XP ND\ ND
NL X' LI NR XNG NX XO Nq XI

DXPXIXVSIRQI ZUIZRQI [N\IRQI YN\IF"ZHID0X RLIKRQI" [NGXIRQI

WXI

\HDUQ ORQJ ZUDS SDFN SD\PHQW

Nz DXPI RXJKW ZRUWK\ E EG6/ IDW

1]G.DRP ZSI 3HI

W{ ZG6/ QXPEHU RQH

Page | 8

.D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D

MUHIUPEPRPSXPM]LIK WR++[*XI ZGXVS*PD]PIM\ HI UY*IXOY6D\ WR WR+[*XIYUIQ7HIUVPU6P MUHIUPEPRPSXPM]LIK D (NGLIDRPIYQI WUVPSNU6P WH'S\ITN+ D RPD]PIM\[PMFLIRPM]SIRQI )
(

W
p

WP WP
H q q q

DWK DW DW
t L

W-K

WI W-

WG
y

W'
R

W'
z z z { {

WNG<
~

WNG
X

WNG

DWP< DWPI DWP

Wh.8

W6/

W6/

WN

WO

WO

2h

2h/

2h/

 3UDWKqSOzF 'LSWKRQJV R D H L R X q z R { X  R WXj PZNG< (6SIYN+FVLI

6 SI R+(SIFND\JLIS\IMFLI
{

D\JLIS\I[P\JX WR+ZSIYN+ZQI

[*XIRQI 2\UP" X{ VKDG\ W G\I DRP

Page | 9

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

WR+WHGUIKWMULIK WU6ZIWRP   RQI WDHPXI WXj PR (6LIK D\JLIS\I\JX ZSIYN+ZQIWR+[XI1\' [*XIDRPWR+U6P WDHPXISXPYN+Z*LI U6'FNGDHRQI * 2\UP" X EORZ U,ZIRQI WXI WR+WHGUIKWMULIKWU6ZIWRP  WR+(6SIYN+ [*XI UQIM]SIRQI 2\UP" ~R 2WNG >NWR+(6SIYN+[*XIRQI
RQI WD 68ZSIYN+(6LIKD\JLIS\I\JX

WR+WHGUIKWMULIK  RQIWDHPXISPYN+(6LIKD\JLIS\IXWR+ZSIYN+ZQI [*XIRQI [NGRNG<D\JLIS\I PZ*LI X RQI W1U-ZUI WD 68 SPYN+M]SIU6RPWR+RQI ZSIYN+ZQI[*XI(NGLIUQIM]SIRQI 2\UP" X{ X{ X ZNG<M]SIRQI WXI R WXj P(6SIYN+FVLID\JLIS\I PZ*LI WR+WHGUIKWMULIKU\JE- WR+ (6SIYN+M]SIDS YNG\JX R (6SIYN+0XPZ*LI FZLF UV2IZNG XNG [P 6G UQI 2\UP" LX  FURZ Z*HIRQI
DULDN\ DNKXDNK\ G\DRN\

P  EHFDXVH WEID0XPLIKTNGDRPI  OHDYH FVHI[PRQI

 DERXW WD0XPLIW

 $PiDG\ 6\PEROV RDX)ZUVP 

FZL UV2IT*- "WR+T*-D\ DRPRDX)ZM]SIRQI

FZLF K\SKHQ WZN+DY R WXj PZ-UVP SXPYN+ W G\JI *

ZSIFNZQI M]SIDS HIR SXPYN+UVPXNG Z-*D\DRPRDX)Z M]SIRQI

Page | 10

.D\ /LOq $NK VK\pNK U\D     " WKqNX FRPPD \N

IM]ZIRDX)Z"\N
IXDY RNX SOz IXOO VWRS JXVTN+RDX)Z"\N
IU%X' RNX PiSOz VHPLFRORQ T'U'DXPIY+\N
IU PiSOz FRORQ DXPIY+\N
IU VXG\ TXHVWLRQ PDUN WDURDX)Z WKqG H[FODPDWLRQ  [GHI<Y6HI<"WPDUGZIWU6ZIWRP UDG HTXDWLRQ Q'U4MFLIWU6ZIWRP     G{Q\ TXRWDWLRQ PDUN XNGXPD]PIM\FVXIRDX)Z G{Q\ GzP W]*LIK G{Q\ GzEt W\GZI NOy YXIRQIX*LI NOyP RSHQ EUDFNHW YXIRX*LIW]*LIK NOyEt FORVH EUDFNHW YXIRX*LIW\GZI FZLW GDVK ZN+ 6QI  FZLV VODVK REOLTXH OLQH UV2IDSPLI PDEq UDWLR WFVG.

Page | 11

%DVLF .D\DK /LWHUDWXUH

5RPDQ 6FULSW 

 /LSOzEHF 'LDJUDSKV RI 2UWKRJUDSK\

SPYN SPYN+D\JLIRZI\N+ D\JLIS\IMFLI\NS+ + S+

$ % & ' + . / 0 1 3 5 6 7 9 : < = %D &D 'D +D .D /D 0D 1D 3D 5D 6D 7D 9D :D <D =D ( %H &H 'H +H .H /H 0H 1H 3H 5H 6H 7H 9H :H <H =H , %L &L 'L +L .L /L 0L 1L 3L 5L 6L 7L 9L :L <L =L 2 %R &R 'R +R .R /R 0R 1R 3R 5R 6R 7R 9R :R <R =R 8 %X &X 'X +X .X /X 0X 1X 3X 5X 6X 7X 9X :X <X =X %q &q 'q +q .q /q 0q 1q 3q 5q 6q 7q 9q :q <q =q %z &z 'z +z .z /z 0z 1z 3z 5z 6z 7z 9z :z <z =z %{ &{ '{ +{ .{ /{ 0{ 1{ 3{ 5{ 6{ 7{ 9{ :{ <{ ={ % & ' + . / 0 1 3 5 6 7 9 : < =

Page | 12