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+ø'52.$5%21/$5
k
+DONDOÕ DO DQODUÕQ DGODQGÕUÕOPDVÕQGD LVH ]LQFLU úHNOLQGH
YalnÕzFD NDUERQ & YH KLGURMHQ + DWRPODUÕQGDQ o-
RODQDGÕQÕQ|QQH³ ciklo” ya da “siklo” ön eki getirilir.
OXúPXú ELOHúLNOHUH +ø'52.$5%21/$5 denir. Hidrokarbon-
ODUGD NDUERQDWRPODUÕVS
3
, sp2 , ve sp KLEULWOHúPHOHULQH X÷Ua- H2C CH2 CH2
CH2
PÕúRODELOLUOHU
H2C CH2
$/.$1/$5'$ø=20(5ø
sp3 sp3 sp2 karbonlar hariç zincir içindeki karbonlara da yeni karbon
DWRPODUÕ ED÷ODQDUDN GDOODQPÕú ELU IRUPO ROXúWXUDELOLUOHU øúWH
NDSDOÕ IRUPOOHUL D\QD DQFDN DoÕN IRUPOOHUL IDUNOÕ RODQ EX WU
L]RPHU VD\ÕVÕ GDKD GD oRN DUWDU 0HVHOD +HN]DQÕQ &6 H14) 5
$/ø)$7ø. $520$7ø.
WDQHGHNDQÕQ&10 H22) 75 tane, C25H52QLQ\DNODúÕNPLO\RQ
+ø'52.$5%21/$5 +ø'52.$5%21/$5 WDQHL]RPHULYDUGÕU
(zincir ya GDKDONDOÕ (Arenler)
ø]RPHUOHUGHIRUPO\D]ÕOÕUNHQ
( Alkanlar) getirilir.
ALKENLER $/.ø1/(5
En uzun zincirdeki 2. karbona bir alkil grubu ba÷
ODQPÕúLVH ( izo – ) |QHNLQLDOÕU
ALKANLAR (Parafinler) En uzun zincirdeki 2. karbona iki alkil grubu ba÷
l
KLEULWOHúPHVLQHX÷UDPÕúWÕU$ NDQODUÕQ]LQFLUúHNOL nde olanlarÕ CH3 - CH - CH3
QÕQ JHQHO IRUPOOHUL &n H2n+2 dir. Bu genel formülde “n” pozitif CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
CH 3
WDPVD\ÕODUGÕUQ «JLEL n- bütan 2 - metil propan
CH4 , C2H6 , C3H8 « %X IRUPOOHUGH J|UOHFH÷L JLEL ELU ( izo - bütan )
birini takip eden iki alNDQ IRUPO DUDVÕQGD &+2 IDUNÕ EXOXn-
ùLPGLSHQWDQÕQ&5 H12L]RPHUOHULQL\D]DOÕP
PDNWDGÕU <DQL &3 H8 formülüne CH2 yi eklersek C4H10 mole-
küOQ EXOXUX] %LU ELULQL E|\OH VDELW ELU IDUNOD L]OH\HQ VÕUD\D
HOMOLOG SIRA denir.
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
CH3
n - pentan
AlNDQODUÕQ$GODQGÕUÕOPDVÕ
CH3 - C - CH3
AlNDQODUÕQ DGODQGÕUÕOPDVÕQGDPROHNOGHNL NDUERQ VD\ÕVÕ CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH3 CH3
QÕQVRQXQD –anHNLJHWLULOHUHNDGODQGÕUÕOÕU neo - pentan
CH3 tetra metilmetan
CH 4 C2H6 CH3 8 C4H10 CH5 12 CH6 14 2, 2 di metilpropan
METAN ETAN PROPAN BÜTAN PENTAN HEKZAN izo - pentan
CH7 16 C8H18 C9H20 C10H22 C H
11 24 C H
12 26
HEPTAN OKTAN NONAN DEKAN UNDEKAN DODEKAN
" - 1-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
$ONLO*UXSODUÕ ùLPGLDúD÷ÕGDNL|UQHNOHULLQFHOH\HOLP
H H H H H H +$/.$/,'2<08ù+ø'52.$5%21/$5
( Sikloalkanlar)
CH3 - C2H5 - C3H7 -
+LGURNDUERQODUGD NDUERQ ]LQFLUL KDOND ROXúWXUDELOLU
metil etil propil
+DONDOÕ EX DONDQODUD Sikloalkanlar GHQLU %XQODUÕQ JHQHO
Metan ve eWDQGDQ KDQJL KLGURMHQ oÕNDUÕOÕUVD oÕNDUÕOVÕQ
formülü CnH2n GLU 6LNORDONDQODUÕQ LON \H si 3 karbonlu
ROXúDQ DONLO JUXEX D\QÕGÕU $QFDN SURSDQGD GXUXP IDUNOÕGÕU
VLNORSURSDQ¶GÕU%X ELOHúLNOHUGHWPNDUERQ DWRPODUÕQD WDQH
8oWDNL NDUERQODUGDQ ELU KLGURMHQ oÕNDUÕOÕUVD Q – SURSLO ROXúXU
KLGURMHQ DWRPX ED÷ODQGÕ÷ÕQGDQ IRUPOOHUL oRNJHQOHU LOH GH
2UWDGDNLNDUERQGDQELUKLGURMHQ oÕNDUÕOÕUVD ROXúDQ DONLOHL]R –
gösterilebilir.
propil denir.
CH2
CH2 H2C CH2
AONDQODUÕQ$GODQGÕUÕOPDVÕ
8OXVODUDUDVÕ .LP\D %LUOL÷L IUPAC WDUDIÕQGDQ H2C CH2
DONDQODUÕQDGODQGÕUÕOPDVÕ\|QWHPLú|\OHEHOLUOHQPLúWLU
H2C H2C CH2
• Alkan molekülündeki en uzun karbon zinciri esas Siklopropan Siklohekzan
DOÕQÕU %X NDUERQ ]LQFLULQGHNL HQ E\N QXPDUDOÕ
NDUERQXQXQVD\ÕVÕHVDVDOÕQÕU .
• =LQFLUGHNL NDUERQ DWRPODUÕQD QXPDUD YHULOLU $QFDN
Sikloalkanlara birden fazla grup ya GD DWRP ED÷OÕ LVH
metilklorur metilklorur
ETAN
CH 3 − Cl + 2 Na + CH 3 - Cl → CH 3 - CH 3 + 2 NaCl
" - 2-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
• Wurtz sentezi ile metan elde edilemez. ve benzen gibi organik çözücülerde çözünürler. Molekül içi
• $ONLOKDORMHQUOHU ELUELULQLQ D\QÕVÕ LVH DONLOOHULQ \DSÕ ü
ED÷ODUÕoRNJoO ROGX÷XQGDQNROD\NROD\WHSNLPHYHUPH]OHU
VÕQGD EXOXQDQ NDUERQODUÕQ WDPDPÕ NDGDU VDI DONDQ Ancak C – + ED÷ODUÕ NRSDUÕOÕS KLGURMHQLQ \HULQH EDúND DWRP
HOGHHGLOLU\XNDUÕGDNL|UQHNWHROGX÷XJLEL \D GD DWRP JUXSODUÕ ED÷ODQDELOLU %X WU WHSNLPHOHUH GH \HU
• AlkiOKDORMHQUOHU IDUNOÕ LVH R ]DPDQ VDI DONDQ HOGH GH÷LúWLUPHWHSNLPHOHULVE stitüsyon) denir.
HGLOPH]$QFDNELUDONDQNDUÕúÕPÕHOGHHGLOHELOLU
hµ
ETER CH 4 + Cl 2
→ CH 3 - Cl + HCl
R - X + Mg → R - Mg - X
Grignard bil. metan metilklorür
*ULJQDUGELOHúL÷LVXLOHWHSNLPH\HJLUHUVHDONDQROXúXU
hµ
R - Mg - X + H - OH → R - H + Mg(OH)X metilklorü
r
CH 3 − Cl + Cl 2
diklormeta
→ CH 2 - Cl 2 + HCl
n
ALKAN
*ULJQDUGELOHúL÷L+;LOHWHSNLPH\HJLUHUVHDONDQROXúXU hµ
CH 2 - Cl 2 + Cl 2
→ CH - Cl 3
+ HCl
R - Mg - X + H - X → R - H + MgX 2
ALKAN
diklormetan triklormetan
hµ
*ULJQDUG ELOHúL÷L DONLOKDORMHQU LOH VDI HWHU LoLQGH WHSN i- CH - Cl 3 + Cl 2
→ CCl 4 + HCl
meye girerse alkan oluúXU triklormetan tetraklormetan
' SAF ETER '
R - Mg - X + R − X
→ R - R + MgX 2
II. Yanma tepkimeleri
III. 'R\PDPÕúKLGURNDUERQODUGDQ
$ONDQODU\HWHULNDGDURNVLMHQJD]Õ22LOH\DNÕOGÕNODUÕQGD
'R\PDPÕú KLGURNDUERQODU NDWDOL]|U \DUGÕPÕ\OD KLGURMHQ
ürün olarak CO2 ve H22ROXúXU$ONDQODUÕQ\DQPDWHSNLPHleri
JD]Õ+2 ) ile doyurularak alkanlan elde edilir.
DúD÷ÕGDNLJLELGLU
Alkenlerin 1 molune 1 mol H2NDWÕODUDNDONDQHOGHHGLOLU
3n + 1
Ni Cn H 2n + 2 + O2 → n CO2 + (n + 1) H 2 O
ALKEN
Cn H 2n + H 2
→ Cn H 2n + 2
ALKAN
2
2
$ONDQODUÕQg]HOOLNOHUL DWRPODUÕ VS KLEULWOHúPHVLQH X÷UDPÕúWÕU $GODQGÕUÕOPDODUÕQGD
a) Fiziksel özellikleri alkandaki -an eki yerine –en eki getirilerek ya da –ilen eki
$ONDQ PROHNOOHUL DSRODU PROHNOOHUGLU 0ROHNOOHU DUDVÕ getirilerek DGODQGÕUÕOÕrlar.
3
C 2
H4
etan
C 4
H8
\DOQÕ]FD VDQ GHU :DDOV ED÷ODUÕ YDUGÕU .DUERQ DWRPODUÕ VS C2 H 6 C3 H8 C3 H 6 C4 H10
KLEULWOHúPHVL \DSPÕúWÕU *HQHO RODUDN HULPH YH ND\QDPD
etilen propan propilen bütan bütilen
QRNWDODUÕ GúNWU $QFDN PROHNO E\GNoH HULPH YH ND y- (eten ) (propen ) (büten )
e
QDPD QRNWDODUÕ DUWDU $ONDQODU DSRODU PRO NOOHUGHQ ROGX÷X n-
dan su gibi polar çözücülerde çözünmezler. Aseton, dietileter,
" - 3-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
Alkenlerin AdlDQGÕUÕOPDVÕ
,83$& VLVWHPLQH J|UH DONHQOHULQ DGODQGÕUÕOP VÕ DONDQODUD a c) *HRPHWULNø]RPHUL
EHQ]HU $QFDN EXUDGD oLIW ED÷ODUÕ WDúÕ\DQ HQ X]XQ NDUERQ $ONHQOHUGHoLIWED÷WDúÕ\DQNDUERQDWRPODUÕQD ED÷OÕ RODQ
2. dLIW ED÷ODU KDQJL XFD \DNÕQ LVH R XoWDQ EDúODQDUDN bileúLNOHU ROXúWXUXUODU dLIW ED÷ WDúÕ\DQ NDUERQ DWRPODUÕQD
]LQFLUGHNLNDUERQDWRPODUÕQDQXPDUDYHULOLU ED÷OÕRODQEXDWRP\DGDJUXSODUÕoLIWED÷ÕQD\QÕWDUDIÕQGDLVH
B B B A
tetra gibi rakamlar ile belirtilir. cis - trans -
5. i
dLIWED÷ODUÕQ\HU EHOLUOHQLUNHQoLIWED÷ODUÕQED÷OÕR l-
CH 3 CH3 CH 3 Cl
GX÷X NDUERQODUGDQ NoN QXPDUDOÕ NDUERQXQ Q u-
PDUDVÕ \D]ÕOÕU dLIW ED÷ÕQ WHNUDU VD\ÕVÕ ODWLQFH \ azÕ C C C C
OÕU Cl CH 3
Cl Cl
6. 8]XQ ]LQFLUGHNL HQ E\N QXPDUDOÕ NDUERQXQ VD Õ y
VÕQD NDUúÕOÕN JHOHQ DON an DGÕQGDNi –an eki yerine – cis - 2,3- diklorbüten trans - 2,3- diklorbüten
enHNLJHWLULOHUHNDONHQLQDGÕEHOLUOHQLU $ONHQLO*UXSODUÕ
gruplara $/.(1ø/
1- büten
2- büten
DGÕYHULOLU
CH 3 − CH 2 − CH = CH 2 CH 2 − CH = CH - CH 3
$/.(1ø/ ADI ÖRNEK
CH 3 CH 3 CH 2CH 3 CH 2
I I I CH2 = Metilen
Metilensiklopentan
5- etil,
2,3-dimetil,
CH - C H − C = CH − C H − CH 2 − CH 3
3 - hepten
Etilen CH2 CH Cl
CH2 = CH – Vinilklorür
( Vinil)
Cl Cl
I I CH3CH = CH – Br
CH 3 − C H = C H − C = C − CH 2 − CH 3 Propenil Allilbromür
CH3CH = CH –
I I (Allil)
2,3−diklor,4,5
− dimetil,
CH32,4
CH
- heptedien
3
+DONDOÕ$ONHQOHU
Alkenlerde ø]RPHUL oLIW ED÷ WDúÕ\DQ KDONDOÕ DONHQLQ IRUPO &n H2n – 2 dir. adlandÕ
a) Yer izomeri UÕOPDVÕQGD LVH KDONDOÕ DONDQÕQ – an eki yerine –en HNL \D]Õl-
$ONDQODUGD ROGX÷X JLEL DONHQOHUGH GH dallanma sonucu PDVÕ\HWHUOLGLU
ROXúDQ\HUL]RPHUOHULYDUGÕU Bunu bir örneNOHDoÕNOD\DOÕP +DONDGD WDQH oLIW ED÷YDUVD DGODQGÕUPD |UQHNWHNL JLEL
CH3CH2 CH CH CH3
Cl 3-klor,2-penten
2-klor,2-penten Cl
siklobüten siklopropen siklohekzen
b) <DSÕø]RPHUL
KDONDGD ELUGHQ ID]OD oLIW ED÷ \D GD EDúND JUXSODU YDUVD
%LUoLIWED÷EXOXQGXUDQDONHQOHUVLNORDONDQODULOHL]RPH r- oLIW ED÷ODU HQ NoN VD\ÕODUÕ DODFDN úHNLOGH KDONDGDNL NDUERQ
GLUOHU %XQODUÕQ KHU LNLVLQLQ GH JHQHO IR rmülleri CnH2n dir. DWRPODUÕQD QXPDUD YHULOLU gQFH ED÷OÕ RODQ JUXSODU DOIDEHWLN
a
$ú ÷ÕGDNL|UQHNOHULL\LFHLQFHOH\LQL] . VÕUD\OD YH ED÷OÕ EXOXQGXNODUÕ NDUERQODUÕQ QXPDUDODUÕ HVDV
CH3 CH CH CH3 DOÕQDUDN \D]ÕOÕU 'DKD VRQUD oLIW ED÷ODUÕQ \HUL NoN NDUERQ
2-büten
QXPDUDODUÕLOH EHOLUOHQLUdLWI ED÷ÕQ WHNUDU VD\ÕVÕGL WUL WHWUD«
Siklobütan
" - 4-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
1
CnH2n −2 + H2 → CnH2n
Alkin
ALKEN
CH3
1 2 6
2 Alkenlerin Kimyasal Özellikleri
5 3 .DWÕOPD Tepkimeleri
4 3 Cl 4 l l
1,2- disiklobüten 5 - klor, 2 - metil, 1,3- disiklohekzen Alkenlerin kimyasal tepkimeleri genellikle − C = C−
fonksiyonel grXEXQGDNL]D\ÕI RODQ SL ED÷ODUÕQÕQLNL NDUERQ
Cl
4
]HULQH DoÕOPDVÕ LOH EXUDODUD \DEDQFÕ DWRP \D GD JUXSO UÕQ a
3 5 ED÷ODQPDVÕ LOH JHUoHNOHúLU %X úHNLOGH ROXúDQ WHSNLPHOHUH
Cl
.$7,/0$ 7(3.ø0(/(5ø GHQLU .DWÕOPD WHSNLPHOHULQGH
2 1
EDúOÕFD|QHPOLRODQODUÕ+2 , halojen (X2), H22YH+;NDWÕOPa-
4,5-diklor, 1,2- disiklopenten
VÕGÕU
ALKEN
Ni ya da Pt
Alkol
R − CH 2 − CH 2 − Br + KOH → R − CH = CH 2 + KBr + H 2 O
CnH2n + H2 → CnH2n + 2
ALKAN
Alkil Halojenür Alken
Halojen (X 2 .DWÕOPDVÕ
R − CH = CH 2 + X 2 → R − CH − CH 2
l l
Tepkimede KOH’ un sudaki çözeltisi kulODQÕOÕUVa alken X X
ALKEN 1,2 - halojenalkan
yerine alkol oluúXU %XUDGD DONLO KDORMHQUGHNL KLGURMHQ oÕNÕS
\HULQH2+JUXEXED÷ODQÕU
CH 3 − CH = CH 2 + Br2 → CH 3 − CH − CH 2
l l
ALKOL
SU
Cn H 2n +1−Br + KOH → Cn H 2n +1 − OH + KBr + H 2O Br Br
Propen 1,2 - dibrompropan
II. Alkollerden +DORMHQOL$VLW+;NDWÕOPDVÕ
1PROPRQRDONROGHQPROVXoHNLOLUVHDONHQROXúXU%X $ONHQH+;JLELSRODUELUPROHNOED÷ODQGÕ÷ÕQGDSLED÷ÕQÕQ
0
%X WHSNLPHGH VÕFDNOÕN & FLYDUÕQGD WXWXOXUVD DONHQ SR]LWLI L\RQODU KLGURMHQL oRN RODQ oLIW EDù NDUERQXQD EDù
\HULQHHWHUROXúXU
ODQÖU1HJDWLIL\RQODUGDKLGURMHQLD]RODQoLIWEDùNDUERQX
QDEDùODQÖU
III. Alkinlerin HLGURMHQøOH'R\XUXOPDVÕQGDQ
Buna göre H-X molekülündeki H atomu R − C H = C H 2
1 mol alkin, 1 mol hidrojen (H2 JD]Õ LOH GR\XUXOXUVD 1 2
DONHQROXúXU
(2) nolu karbon atomuna, X atomu ise (1) nolu karbon ato-
PXQDED÷ODQÕU
" - 5-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
3ROLPHUOHúPH Tepkimeleri
CH3 CH CH2 + H Cl CH3 CH CH2 Bir alNHQ PROHNOOHULQGHNL SL ED÷ODUÕQÕQ DoÕOPDVÕ\OD D\QÕ
Propen
Cl H DONHQ PROHNOOHULQGHQ ³Q´ WDQHVLQLQ ELUELULQH ED÷ODQPDVÕ
SROLPHUOHúPHOHUH|UQHNYHUHOLP
PRO$ONHQHPROVXNDWÕOÕUVDPRQRDONROROXúXU
Propen MONOMER
OH YAPISI ADI
izopropil alkol
H H
H H
Yükseltgenme Tepkimeleri
C C 32/ø(7ø/(1
Alkenlerin yükseltgenme tepkimeleri yine fonksiyonel C C
32/ø7(1
H H
H H
C C ETEN xn
grup olan ]HULQGHQ JHUoHNOHúLU
Cl H
Alkenlerdeki yükseltgenme tepkimelerini iki grupta incele- Cl H
yebiliriz. C C 32/ø9ø1ø/./25h5
C C
1. 3LED÷ÕQÕQNRSWX÷XWHSNLPHOHU : ( PVC)
H H
a) $ONHQ VR÷XN YH VH\UHOWLN .0Q24 çözeltisiyle tepki- MONOKLORETEN H H
9ø1ø/./25h5
xn
PH\HJLUHUVH\DOQÕ]SLED÷ÕNRSDUYHGLROROXúXU*HQHOO ik-
OH \NVHOWJHQPH WHSNLPHOHUL \D]ÕOÕUNHQ NXOODQÕODQ PDGGH H H
yerine ok üzerine [O ] \D]ÕOÕU C C C C 32/ø67ø5(1
OH OH
O H H H H
R CH CH2 R CH CH2 )(1ø/(7(1 xn
67ø5(1
Alken diol
F F
F F
OH OH C C 32/ø7(75$)/25(7$1
C C PTFE
O (TEFLON)
CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2
F F
F F
Etilen 1,2-etandiol (glikol) TETRAFLORETEN xn
SROLPHUOHúPHVLVRQXFXROXúXU
anlayabiliriz. KMnO4 ELOHúL÷L PHQHNúH UHQNOL ROXS JOi-
kol reQNVL]GLU 7HSNLPH EDúÕQGD NDUÕúÕPÕQ UHQJL Pe- n ( CH2 C C CH2 )
O O O 1. %URPo|]HOWLVLQLQNÕUPÕ]ÕUHQJLQLQND\EROPDVÕ
O
C C C ya da CH ya da COH 2. KMnO4 o|]HOWLVLQLQ PHQHNúH UHQJLQLQ ND\ER l-
keton aldehit asit
PDVÕ
" - 6-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
$/.ø1/(5 ALKOL
CH3CH2CHCH2 + 2KOH → CH3CH2C ≡ CH + 2kBr + H O
2
l l 1 - Bütin
l l
Br Br
Alkinler − C ≡ C− IRQNVL\RQHO JUXEXQD VDKLS GR\PDPÕú 1,2 - dibrombuta n
2−
bütin
CH 3 − C ≡ C − CH 3
CH3
Alkin
ALKAN
R − C ≡ CH + 2H 2 → R − CH 2 − CH 3
CH3 C C C CH 3 ÖRNEK:
propin
propen
4,4-dimetil, 2-pentin CH3 CH 3 − C ≡ CH + H 2 → CH 3 − CH = CH 2
CH3
H C C C CH C CH3
CH3 CH3
propin
+
CH 3 − C ≡ CH 2H 2
propan
→ CH 3 − CH 2 − CH 3
øNL KDORMHQOL DONDQODU .2+¶XQ DONROGHNL o|]HOWLVL\OH UHD k- alkine 2 mol halojen (X2 NDWÕODUDN DONLO KDORMHQUOHU ROu-
VL\RQD VRNXOXUVD NRPúX LNL NDUERQGDNL \D GD D\QÕ NDUERQ úXU$ONHQOHUGHROGX÷XJLELEXUDGDGDEURP%U2 ) çözelti-
DWRPXQGDNL LNL KDORMHQ LOH ELUOLNWH LNL GH KLGURMHQ DWRPX oÕN a- VLQLQNÕUPÕ]ÕUHQJL]DPDQODND\EROXU%XEURPo|]HOWLVLLOH
UDNDONLQROXúXU oODQWHSNLPHDONLQOHULQGHD\ÕUDFÕGÕU
Br Br
ALKOL
Alkin
R − CH − CH 2 + KOH →R − C ≡ CH + 2KX + 2H 2 O l l
R − C ≡ CH + 2 Br2 → R − C − CH
l l l l
dihalojenli
alkan
X
X Alkin kirmizi Br
Br
1,1,2,2 - tetrabromalkan
(renksiz)
ya da
ALKOL
Cn H 2n X 2 + 2KOH → C n H 2n − 2 + 2KX 2 + H 2 O
" - 7-
O5*$1ø..ø0<$ Orhan BÜLBÜL
%U %U
H − C ≡ C − H + 2 CuCl
NH 3
→ Cu − C ≡ C − Cu + 2HCl
KIRMIZI ÇÖKELEK
&+&&+%U&+&&+
3URSLQ
%U %U
3→
R − C ≡ C − H + CuCl
NH
R−C
≡C −H + HCl
KIRMIZI ÇÖKELEK
WHWUDEURPSURSDQ
NH
3 → Tepkime olmaz
R − C ≡ C − R + CuCl
+DORMHQOL$VLW+;.DWÕOPDVÕ
3ROLPHUOHúPH7HSNLPHOHUL
$ONHQOHUGH ROGX÷X JLEL 0DUNRZQLNRY NXUDOÕQD J|UH PRO
X Yanma Tepkimeleri
$ONLQOHU GH GL÷HU KLGURNDUERQODU JLEL \DQGÕNODUÕQGD &22
R-C CH + 2 H - X R-C CH 3
ve H22ROXúWXUXUODU
Alkin
X
Dihalojenli alkan
(2 )
Cn H 2n − 2 + 3n −1 O2 → nCO2 + (n − 1) H 2 O
Br
C5 H8 + 7 O2 → 5 CO2 + 4 H 2 O
CH3 - C CH + 2 H - Br CH3 - C CH3
$6(7ø/(1
Br Devam edecek
propin 2,2-dibrompropan
Su (H22.DWÕOPDVÕ
$ONLQH VX NDWÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD DOGHKLW \D GD NHWRQ ROXúXU
O
Hg+2
H-C C - H + H2 O CH3 - C H
Asetilen H2SO4 Asetaldehit
O
Hg+2
CH 3 C CH + H2O CH3 C CH3
H2SO4 Aseton
Propin
0HWDOø\RQODUÕøOH<HU'H÷LúWLUPH7HSNLPHOHUL
WX]XQUHQJLNÕUPÕ]ÕGÕU
" - 8-