Microfinanc Industry in Sri La

Produced by GTZ ProMiS in collaboration with The Banking With The Poor Network
Ministry of
Finance and
Planning
Sri Lankan German Development Cooperation
Sri_Lanka_Sinhala.indd 1
13/05/2009 2:47:15 PM
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nx.a,dfoaYh" bkahdj" bkakSishdj" fkamd,h" mlsia:dkh" ms,smSkh" Y%S ,xldj yd hkduh
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laIq uq,H jevigyka uq,H moaO;shg inkaO lsu yd wka;lrK uq,H fiajd iemhSug Wo
lsuhs tu wruqKq <`.d lr.ekSu iòyd fuu cd,h iska is lrkq ,nk ldhhka w;r Od;d
jOkh" f;dr;=re yqjudrej" m%;sm;a;suh ixjdo" fjkqfjka fmkS isu yd mfhaIK m%Odkh
isx.mamQref msys ixjOk iyfhda.S;dj iòyd jQ moku (Foundation for Development
Cooperation - FDC) fuu cd,fha f,al ldhd,h f,i lghq;= lrhs
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Yla;su;a lsf jHdmD;sh iòyd BWTP cd,fha tl;=f tla wx.hla muKs
is cd,h Yla;su;a lsf jHdmD;sh cd;sl yd l,dmSh ugf cd,hka ys ludka; we.hS
ixjOkh lsug iydh ,nd fohs BWTP cd,h iska lrkq ,nk ludka; we.hSf wruqK
kg tu cd,h l%shd;aul jk laIq uq,H wxYh ms<snò j o< Yaf,aIKhla ,nd uhs fuu
we.hS u.ska tla tla wdh;kj, l%shdld;ajh uekSfuka Tng f.dia iia;rd;aul yd
Yaf,aIKd;aul iajNdjhlska hq;= j jvd mq,a f,i laIquq,H fjf<òfmd< ixjOkh b,lal
flf fuu we.hSj, b,lalh BWTP cd,hg;a" tys idudlhkag;a fuka u mq,a laIquq,H
m%cdjg;a jkd im;la jk iEu ludka;hl u iajrEmh yd ndysr lau bm;a lsuhs
ia;=;sh
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fm%dia ^laIquq,H wxYh m%pdrkh& jevigyfka fIaG laIquq,H fYaI{ frdaIsKS m%kdka
fukh isks ta iòyd mfhaIK iydh ;dkS l=,rdcisx. fukh ,nd fok , fuu
l;jHh wdrN l< wjfha fm%dia jHdmD;sfha ysgmq fIaG WmfoaYl wdpdh vla
iafkafjdaka uy;d fj; fYaI ia;=;sh mqo lruq Tyqf.a udf.damfoaYh iy jkd Wmfoia
fuu jd;dj id:l j imQK lr.ekSug Yd, jYfhka odhl h
fuu m%ldYkfha .=Kfodia fidhd n,d th jehqKq lsfuys ,d wk.s woyia ,nd ka wdpdh
ksu,a m%kdka uy;dg o wmf.a ia;=;sh fuhska mqo flf
ta jf.a u f ndfgdpd uy;d" ls%iakd fudorka fukh" ,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a
ix.uh" YS% ,xld uy nexl=f ks,Odka iy fuu f,aLkh ilia lsf ,d ish ld,h" woyia
yd m%;sfmdaIKh imhka kka whqka odhl jQ ish,a,kag;a wmf.a m%Kduh mqo lruq
BWTP cd,fha m%Odk inkaldrl yd ixjOk iyfhda.S;djh iòyd jQ mokf wdishdkq
l,dmSh ksfhda; fc fnika uy;d iy GTZ- fm%dia jHdmD;sfha fIaG WmfoaYsld wdpdh
ve.ud uy;ah fj; o fuu mejreu mqrdjg ,nd ka iyfhda.h fjkqfjka wmf.a
lD;{;dj mqo lruq
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ADB
Asian Development Bank
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j
ATM
Automated Teller Machine
iajhxl%Sh fg, hka;%h
BWTP
Banking With The Poor
mam;=ka iu. nexl=lrKh
CBSL
Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
CGAP
Consultative Group to Assist the Poor
mam;=kg
a iydh f WmfoaYl lKavdhu
CLEAR
Country-Level Effectiveness and
rgj,a ugf M,odhS;dj yd
Accountability Review
.sKq lghq;= j.lSu uYkh
CRB
Co-operative Rural Bank
iuQmldr .%dh nexl=j
CRIB
Credit Information Bureau
Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYh
CSR
Corporate Social Responsibility
ixia:dksl iudc j.lSu
DCS
Department of Census and Statistics
ck ix.Kk yd ixLHd f,ALk fomd;fka;=j
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organisation
wdydr yd lDIslu fomd;fka;=j
FI
Financial Institution
uq,H wdh;kh
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
o< foaYSh ksIm

a dos;h
GNP
Gross National Product
o< cd;sl ksIamdos;h
GTZ
Deu Gesellschaft Technisch
;dlaIK iyfhda.S;dj iòyd cudkq tackaish
Zusammenarbeit (German Agency for

Technical Cooporation)
ICT
Information and Communications
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIKh
Technology
IT
Information Technology
f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh
JBIC
Japan Bank for International Cooperation
cd;Hka;r iyfhda.S;dj ms<snò cmdk nexl=j
LCB
Licensed Commercial Bank
n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nxl=j
LMPA
Lanka Microfinance Practitioners
,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh
Association
LSB
Licensed Specialised Bank
n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl=
MBA
Master of Business Administration
jHdmdr mmd,kh ms<snò Ydia;%m;s Wmdh
MFI
Microfinance Institution
laIquq,H wdh;k
MIS
Management Information System
l<ukdlrK f;dr;=re moaO;sh
MIX
Microfinance Information Exchange
laIquq,H f;dr;=re yqjudrej
MPCS
Multi-purpose Co-operative Society
O fiajd iuQmldr i;sh
NDTF
National Development Trust Fund
cd;sl ixjOk Ndrldr wruqo,
NGO
Non Governmental Organisation
rdcH fkdjk ixOdkh
PAMP
Poverty Alleviation Microfinance Project
mam;alu wjulr,Sf laIquq,H jHdmD;sh
PaR
Portfolio at Risk
wdfhdack wjodku
ProMiS
Promotion of the Microfinance Sector
laIquq,H wxYh m%jOkh
RADA
Reconstruction and Development Authority
m%;sixialrK yd ixjOk wldh
RDB
Regional Development Bank
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=j
RFSDP
Rural Finance Sector Development
.%dh uq,H wxYh ixjOkh lsf jevigyk
Programme
ROSCA Rotating Savings and Credit Association
pl%Sh ;ekam;= yd Kh ix.uh
RRDB
Regional Rural Development Bank
m%dfoaYSh .%dh ixjOk nexl=j
SBS
Samurdhi Bank Society
iuDoa nexl= ix.uh
SEEDS
Sarvodaya Economic Enterprise
ifjdaoh wdl jHjidh ixjOk fiajd
Development Services
TCCS
Thrift and Credit Co-operative Society
iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;sh
TSP
Technical Service Provider
;dlaIKsl fiajd imhkakd
UNDP
United Nations Development Programme
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixjOk jevigyk
WDC
Womens Development Co-operative
ldka;djkaf.a ixjOk nexl=j
wka;.;h
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fmkakq lrhs rf tal mqoa., o< cd;sl ksIamdos;h (GNP) wfuldkq fvd, 15991 la f,i
jd;d lrka ol=Kq wdishdf rgj,a w;=ka fojeks ia:dkhg ysl lshk w;r m<uq jeks
ia:dkh ys jkafka ud,jhskg h jk wjYH;d <`.d lr.ekSug wjYH cd;sl wju wdodh
ugfuka my<g .efkkafka ks, jYfhka ck.ykfhka 152]2la muKs tfia jqj o f,dal
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jk f,i i,lka f,dal nexl=j iska YS% ,xldf mam;a mjq,a ,shk 13 muK j;ajk njg
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idlaIr;dj 906]ls tfia kuq" fuu o;a; u.ska mq,a m%dfoAYSh Iu;d ie`.f rf wdl
lghq;= je jYfhka flaka .; we;af;a idfmalaI j iYS%l jQ niakdysr m<d; o< foaYSh
ksIamdokfhka 50] lg odhl jk w;r" wfkl=;a ishu m<d;a j, odhl;ajh 10]lg jvd wvqh
tfia jqj o" ck.ykfhka 70]lg jvd je msila j;a jkafka niakdysr m<df;a h wdishdkq
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mlsia:dkh fyda nx.a,dfoaYh jeks wfkl=;a ol=Kq wdishdkq rgj,g jvd by< ugul
meje;Sfuka fmkakq lrkqfha rf wdodhf wiudk fnu4 hs
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ksKdhl ,ehsia;=jla iòyd weKqu 1 n,kak
YS% ,xld uy nexl= jd;dj" 2007

ck ix.Kk yd ixLHd f,aLk fomd;fka;=j" YS% ,xldj - .DydY%s; wdodh yd ho ilaIKhg wkqj cd;sl
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227
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925
722
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717
770
1"226
60
116
10050
19"886
110
152
20"010
110
152
925
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770
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175
11062
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(CBSL), jdKsc nexl=" uq,H iud." fYaIs; l,an iud." rlaIK iud." talSh Ndr" fjf<ò
nexl=" jHdmdr m%d.aOk iud." wkqu; m%uqL fjf<`ka" f;d. fjf<`ka yd ;e/lrejka" yd
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ksuh fjf<òfmd<" iufldgia fjf<òfmd< jeks u;a uq,H fjf<òfmd<la ;=< h tu
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ie ,;a m%Odk uq,H wdh;kj, ish j;al yd ;ekam;= j.lSj, m%fNaokh laf
uq,H moaO;sfha by<ska u iskqfha jdKsc nexl= h kg Y%S ,xldj ;=< n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nxl=
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nexl=j yd uyck nexl=j hs /l,ajd m%;sjHqylrK yd m%;sixialrKj,g O wjia:dj,
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olajkqfha frdaO;djls b;s n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= w;=ka 9la foaYSh nxl= jk w;r 12la
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f.fhka isf ;r.ld;ajh iska uq,H m%lYkh iòyd Wkkaj je lsf m%;sM,hla
f,i u;a uq,H wdh;k o wvq wdodh ,dNS mdfNda.shka fj; <`.d ug W;aidy or;s
fufia n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= uQ,sl jYfhka im%odhsl nexl= ls%hdldrlj, fhfok w;r
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wod< ke;
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
1000
n,m;% ,;a Yd,; u fYaIs; nexl=j rch i;= cd;sl b;slsf nexl=j hs
11
l,an iud.j,g fuka fkdj" ,shd mx uq,H iud. w;=ka 31lg 2007 cqks ui wjidkh
jk g uyck ;ekam;= Ndr .ekSug Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fjka wjir ,nd ;sK flfia jqj o"
uE;l ixfYdaOkh l< uq,H l,an mk; u.ska l,an iud.uj,g o Kh iq/l= yryd
uyck wruqo,a imdokhg wjir ,eKs ish wruqo,a wjYH;d imqrd .ekSu iòyd
idudkHfhka l,an iud. lghq;= lrkqfha nexl= fyda uq,H iud. wkqnoa;j h
jdKsc nexl=" fYaIs; nexl= yd uq,H iud.j,g wu;r j .%dh nexl= yd iliqrej yd Kh
iuqmldr i;s wdldrfha ;ekam;= Ndr .kakd fjk;a wdh;kj, cd,hla o l%shd;aul f
iudlhskaf.a whs;sh hgf;a iudl;ajh ;=<ska ;ekam;= /ialsug;a Tjqka fjkqfjka Kh
jevigyka l%shd;aul lsug;a fuu wdh;kj,g wjir ;sf O fiajd iuqmldr i;sj,
nexl= wxYh ksfhdackh lrka iuqmldr .%dh nexl= 1"628la iy 1900 jirj, iliqrej yd
Kh iuqmldr i;s f,i ia:dms; fldg miqj iKi moaO;sh hgf;a l%shd;aul jk i;s 8"440la
g we;=<;a h tfuka u" mam;alu wju lr,Sf wruqKska we/UqK rcfha iuDoa ixjOk
jevigyk hgf;a l%shd;aul jk iuDoa nexl= 1"038lska ie ,;a ;j;a cd,hls fuu ish
wdh;k u.ska .%dh lafIa;%hg yd wvq wdodh ,dNS lKavdhj,g uq,H fiajd iemhSf
jeo.;a fufyhla bgq flf
2007 foien wjidkh jk g" n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= yd n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= YdLd
4"830la Tiafia l%shd;aul Ks iuDoa nexl= i;s yd iuqmldr .%dh nexl= YdLd 2"666la Tiafia
l%shd;aul Ks iKi ks, jYfhka 8"500la muK i;s yryd l%shd;aul jk nj jd;d l< o
il%sh j ls%hd;aul jkafka bka Nd.hla muKs weKqu foflka rg ;=< l%shd;aul jk nexl= iy
wfkl=;a uq,H wdh;kj, YdLd ys we;s wkaou fmkakq flf
j.=j 3 ka Y%S ,xldf uq,H lafIa;%h ilia lsf ,d odhl jk O wkaofha uq,H wdh;k j,
wdfhdack m%udKhka bm;a flf
j.=j 3
uq,H wdh;k i;= ;ekam;= yd wdfhdack6
j.h
m%udKh ^re ,shk&
.sKq ixLHdj
1"458"536 ^2008 ud;= wjik&

1"379"413 ^2008 ud;= wjik&
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
288"018 ^2008 ud;= wjik&

171"254 ^2008 ud;= wjik&
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
I. n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl=
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh
II. n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl=
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh iy w;a;sldr
III. ,shdmx uq,H iud.
6
YS% ,xld uynexl=j
GTZ -
fm%dia( YS% ,xldf laIquq,H wdh;k YS% ,xld rlaIK uKav,h iKi ix.uh
12
uq,H wdh;k i;= ;ekam;= yd wdfhdack6

j.h
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh iy w;a;sldr
IV. iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh
V. iuqmldr .%dh nexl=
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh
VI. iuDoa nexl= i;s
b;sls yd ;ekam;=
Kh
VII. rlaIK iud.
rlaIKh l< uq m%udKh ^;
rlaIK&
tl;= l< uq jdl m%udKh ^;
rlaIK&
Y=oaO jdlh îdudkH rlaIK&
^weia;fka;= fldg we;&
m%udKh ^re ,shk&

78"202 ^2007 wjik&
106"211 ^2007 wjik&
.sKq ixLHdj
wod< ke;
wod< ke;
3"870 ^2007 wjik&

3"564 ^2007 wjik&
wod< ke;
214"803
31"998 ^2007 wjik&

21"712 ^2007 wjik&
6"608"318
1"314"862
17"614 ^2007 cQks wjik&

7"785 ^2007 cQks wjik&
5"873"224
656"330
408"016 ^2007 wjik&
1"923"550
18"148 ^2007 wjik&

22"687 ^2007 wjik&
13
kshdukh
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j hgf;a jdKsc yd fYaIs; nexl=" uq,H iud." l,an iud. yd m%Odk
fjf<`ka kshdukh yd wlaIKh flfrk w;r YS% ,xld iq/l= yd ksuh fldIka iNdf
j.lSu hgf;a fldgia fjf<òfmd<" ialkaO fjf<òfmd< .kqfokqldr wdh;k" talSh Ndr"
m%d.aOk jHdmdl iud." wdfhdack l<ukdlrejka" Kh ;lafiare iud. kshdukh yd
wlAIKh flf YS% ,xld rlaIK uKav,h iska rlaIK iud. yd ;e/lrejka wlaIKh
flf m%Odk f. yd msh moaO;s ms<snò j wlaIKh lsf j.lSu o YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
i;= h
YS% ,xldf uq,H lafIa;%fha wdh;k iòyd l%shd;aul jk fYaI kS;s my; laf(
1988 wxl 30 orK nexl= mk; ^ 1995 wxl 33 orK mk;" 2005 wxl 2 orK mk;" 2006 wxl
15 orK mk; yd 2006 wxl 46 ork mk; u.ska ixfYdaOk flK& fuu kS;sh
n,mj;ajkafka n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= yd n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= iòyd h nexl= n,m;a
ksl=;a lrkq ,nkafka uqo,a wdud;H;=udf.a wjirh u; YS% ,xld uy nexl=f uq,H
uKav,fhks kshdukh yd wlaIKh YS% ,xld uy nexl=f nexl= wlaIK
fomd;fka;=fjka is flf
1988 wxl 56 orK uq,H iud. mk; ^1991 wxl 33 orK mkf;ka ixfYdaOK flK& fuu
kS;sh ishu ,shdmx l< uq,H iud. iòyd n, meje;af jHdmdrh mj;ajd f.k hdf
n,m;%h ksl=;a lrkqfha YS% ,xld uy nexl=f uq,H uKav,fhks kshdukh yd wlaIKh
is lrkqfha YS% ,xld uy nexl=f nexl= fkdjk uq,H wdh;k wlaIK
fomd;fka;=fjks 2005 Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska ,shdmx uq,H iud. fj; uyck
;ekam;= Ndr .ekSf wjirh ,nd fok ,
2000 wxl 56 orK uqo,a l,an mk;( fuu kS;sh ishu l,an iud. inkaOfhka n,
meje;af ,shdmx iy;slh fkdue;s j lsisu l,an jHdmdrhla mj;ajd f.k hd fkdyels
h kshdukh yd wlaIKh is lrkqfha YS% ,xld uy nexl=f nexl= fkdjk uq,H wdh;k
wlaIK fomd;fka;=fjks uyck ;ekam;= Ndr .ekSf wjirh lsis l,an iud.ulg
mjrd ke; kuq;a" uE; lrk ,o kS;s ixfYdaOk wkqj uyck;djg Kh iq/l= ,nd f
wjirh fuu iud. fj; ,nd we; fndfyda l,an iud. nexl= yd ,shdmx uq,H
iud.j,g wkqnoa; h
14
2000 wxl 43 orK rlaIK ludka; kshduk mk;( fuu mk; hgf;a kg iud. 16 la
n,m;% ,nd f.k we; kshdukh yd wlaIKh ms<snò j.lSu orkqfha fuu mk; hgf;a
ia:dms; lrk ,o YS% ,xld rlaIK uKav,h hs rlaIK ;e/ldr wdh;k o fuu rlaIK
uKav,h hgf;a ,shdmx h hq;= h rlaIK iud. yd ;e/ldr wdh;k iska m;a fldg
,shdmx lrk ,o ksfhda;hkaf.ka iis cd,hla o we;7 fuu ksfhda;hka rlaIK
ksIamdok wf,lrKfha m%Odk ldhNdrhla bgq lrhs
talSh Ndr( n,m;% ,;a talSh Ndr 5 la talSh Ndr kS;S ix.%yh hgf;a YS% ,xld ksuh
fldIka iNdj u.ska wlaIKh flf
uq,H lafIa;%h md,kh lsf fhdod .efkk fjk;a jeo.;a kS;s fufia h( uq,H kS;s mk;"
ksuh md,k mk;" f. yd msh mk;" uq,H .kqfokq jd;dlrKh ms<snò mk;" YS%
,xld iq/l= yd ksuh fldIka iNdj ms<snò mk;" foaYSh NdKavd.dr ,am;a wd{d mk; yd
,shdmx l< f;d. yd iq/l= wd{d mk;8 1997 wxl 6 orK m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= mk;"
1972 wxl 5 orK iuqmldr i;s mk; iy 1995 wxl 30 orK iuDoa wldrh ms<snò mk;
iska laIquq,H fiajd iemhSf ksr; j isk wdh;k md,kh flf B<`. mfofhka
laIquq,H lafIa;%h kshdukh lsu ms<snò j iia;rd;aul j bm;a flf
7
8
http://www.ibsl.gov.lk
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
15
Y%S ,xldf laIquq,H jHdmdrh

YS% ,xldf laIquq,H jHdmdrfha b;sydih 1906 olajd f ta %;dkH wrdcH mmd,kh iska
iuqmldr wd{dmk; hgf;a iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s
(TCCSs) iA:dms;
lsf jIh hs
YS% ,xldjg uq<ska u y`kajd ka Kh iuqmldr fjd h is jk ishjfia uq,a oYl ;=< fuu
i;s u.ska mq,a ldh Ndrhla bgq Ks Bg fhojq imdokfha isg ksIamdok fnod yeu
olajd ldhhka we;=<;a h 1940 oYlfha ia:dms; flreKq mdfNda.sl iuqmldr i;s
y`kajkq ,en 1950 oYlfha ku fjkia l< O fiajd iuqmldr i;s
(MPCSs) iska
fuu
ldhNdrh g w; ;nk ,
1970 oYlfha wjidk Nd.fha iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr cd,h j, jkakg;a msySug m;a
jkakg;a jQfhka fndfyda i;s jid ug mjd ie,iq flKs tu wjia:df fuu jHdmdrh
kej; k.d isgqjkakg wdrNhla kafka ckldka; mS ta lsjkafoKsh uy;d h ta wkqj" iKi
kue;s kj kduhla hgf;a iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s m%;sixOdkh flKs iKi
iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s jkd ys idudl;ajh iajd fldg .;a i;s h tu i;s
lKavdh .; fuka iuqmldr ixjOk fomd;fka;=f iSud hgf;a if,khla f,i
l%shd;aul f tu fomd;fka;=f u iSud hgf;a u iKi iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr
i;sj,g iu.d j O fiajd iuqmldr i;s yd tajdfha wdl wxYh jk iuqmldr .%dh
nexl= o l%shd;aul f
1985 isg rch iska md,sfka;= mk;la hgf;a m%dfoaYSh .%dh ixjOk nexl= 17 la ia:dms;
lrk , fuu wdh;kj,g mjrk ,o ldhh jQfha ria: .udk yd jdKsc nexl= u.ska uq,H
fiajd imhd .ekSug wfmdfydi;a jQ iq bv yshka fj; <`.d u h m%dfoaYSh .%dh ixjOk
nexl=j,g W;=re yd kef.kysr m<d;a yer rf wfkl=;a ishu ia;%slal wdjrKh lsug yels
h Tjqkaf.a wfmalaIs; id:l;ajh flfiaj;= iSud jkakg jQfha wNHka;r jHqyd;aul
j,;d yd N+f.da,Sh jYfhka jQ wiSudka;sl LKavkh fya;= fldg f.k wjodk lKavdh
fj; <`.du je<elau hs Bg wu;r j fuu nexl= iòyd Kh u yd wlaIKh inkaOfhka
Yla;su;a m%;sm;a;s fkd;snqfKka l%shdld;ajh jehqKq lsu yd m%;shla u; mj;ajd f.k
hdu wmyiq h 1998-1999 ld,iSudj ;=< ie<lsh hq;= m%;sjHqylrKhla yd kej; m%d.aOk
imdokhla yryd m%dfoaYSh .%dh ixjOk nexl= taldnoaO lsfuka m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=
(RDBs) 6la f,i kej; ia:dms; flKs tajd wog;a l%shd;aul h
16
fuu.ska m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=j,g jvd iajdk l<ukdlrKhla" mq,a ysl mokula yd
fldgialrejka iska m;a lrk ,o wOHlaI uKav,hla yryd l%shdld;ajhg jD;a;Shu h
m%%fYhla ,nd fuka tajdfha m%dfhda.sl;ajh yd .=ld,Sk meje;au ;yjqre flK9
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yhu tla fldg cd;sl ugfuka l%shd;aul jk tla ixjOk nexl=jla
njg m;a lrk njg YS% ,xld rch iska uE;l m%ldYhg m;a flK flfia jqj o fuu
jd;dj ilia lrk ld,h jk g;a th isug ksh; j ;sK
1980 oYlfha w.Nd.h yd 1990 oYlh ;=< O foaYSh yd cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixOdk
laIquq,H jHdmdrhg wj;SrK jkq fmksK fndfyda rdcH fkdjk ixOdk j, laIquq,H
wdh;k wdrNfha laIquq,H l%shdldrl ls%shd;aul lf<a fjk;a iudc yd m%cd ixjOk
l%Shdldrl yd taldnoaOj h flfia jqjo b;d uE; w;S;fha laIquq,H lghq;= laIquq,H
fkdjk fkdjk lghq;=j,ska fjka lsf m%jK;djla iuyr wdh;k ;=< olakg ,eK
laIquq,H fiajd iemhSf rch m%Odk N+ldjla f.k we; l,ska l,g laIquq,H lafIa;%h ;=<
O jQ rdcH uey;a ls%hd;aul flK f ms<snò j zrdcH m%;sm;a;sZ mfofhka
iia;rd;aul j idlPd flf zuyskao ka;khZ - mj;sk rcfha oi jirl ixjOk
m%fYhg wkqj YS% ,xldf laIqKh fiajd iemhqfuka 65] muK l%shd;aul jkafka rch yryd
h ckih jevigyk fjkqjg 1995 y`kajd ka iuDoa ixjOk jevigyk fuu
uey;aj,ska Yd, u jevigyk hs fuu jevigykg b;sls yd Kh wxYhla we;s w;r
th l%shd;aul jkafka idudlhka yslrejka jk iuDoa nexl= i;s 1"038l cd,hla yryd h
2004 YS% ,xldjg md;% jQ iqkdhg miqj Yd, jYfhka foaYSh wdOdr rg ;=<g .,d tkakg
h bka ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhla laIquq,H wxYhg yerKs fndfyda wdOdr fok wdh;k tjlg
ia:dms; j meje;s laIquq,H wdh;k yryd l%shd;aul jQ w;r iuyr wdh;k laIquq,H fiajdjka
o we;=<;a jQ nyq-wdxYsl jfkdamdh jevigyka iòyd wdOdr ,nd ks fuu jevigyka .=
ld,Sk j .;a l, ;sridr fkdjq w;r" ta yryd y`kajd ka O wdOdr yd iykodhS Kh l%u
fya;=fjka we;s jQ wk:ld fl ld,Sk m%;sM. fya;=fjka tf;la rg;=< ia:dms; j ;=nQ Kh
ixialD;shg o ie,lsh hq;= ydksh;a is h nx.a,dfoaYfha
BRAC ^n%ela&
wdh;kh jeks l,dmSh
laIquq,H wdh;k o fuu lafIa;%hg we;=<;a f.fhka jHdma; fuka rdcH fkdjk ixOdk
cd;sl laIquq,H wOHhkh - YS% ,xldj" 2002" .dka" o is,ajd" w;m;a;= iy vqrdka *s we.hSu" Y%S ,xld fYaI
jd;dj" m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" fkdjen 2006
17
- laIquq,H wdh;k w;r lemS fmfkk ia:dkhla w;a lr .eksK Tjqkg jir 4 la jeks iq
ld,hl mdfNda.slhka 75"000la fj; <`.d jkakg yels h
uE;l we;s jQ ;j;a m%jK;djls" jdKsc nexl=" ,shd mx uq,H iud. yd Yd, mudKfha
iud. laIquq,H jHdmdrhg we;=<;aug ls%hd lsu 1989 ia:dms; flreKq yegka keIk,a
nexl=f z.e mqnqjZ laIquq,H jevigyk n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= w;r me/Ks; u laIquq,H
jevigyk hs wdrNfha isg f olajd bka remsh,a ,shk 35 lg jvd je m%udKhla
^wfuldkq fvd, ,shk 35 la muK& l=vd jHdjidhlhska 70"000 lg wl msila w;f
fnod yeK uE;l lafIa;%hg wj;SK jQ iuyr wdh;kj,g f.fhka jHdma; u iòyd
wjYH im;a yd h;, myiql we; flfia jqjo" fndfyda jdKsc nexl= yd uq,H iud.j,g
laIquq,H fiajd hkq ixi:dksl iudc j.lSula fyda wdh;ksl ,l=K ia:dms; lsf m%pdrl
lghq;a;la muKs
my; iòyka flfrk kS;s fr.=,dis mfofhka lafjk m iA:djr kshduk yd wlAIK
moAO;shla fkdue;s u lAIquq,H wxYfha jOkhg tla ndOdjls wdOdr fok wdh;k YS%
,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;%fhka bj;a u we/u;a iu. wruqo,a imdokh fYaIfhka rdcH
fkdjk ixOdkj,g wh;a laIquq,H wdh;kj,g .egjla h ta ffk;sl jYfhka Tjqkg
uyck ;ekam;= Ndr.ekSu iSud fldg ;snqKdg wu;r j foaYSh Kh iy wdfhdack wruqo,a Ndr
.ekSu mj;sk kssuh md,k iSud hgf;a ;jrg;a iSud fldg ;su ksihs foaYSh wruqo,a
imdokh o tla;rd ugul .egjla j mj;skafka foaYSh nexl= yd fjk;a wdOdr wdh;k
laIquq,H lafIa;%h w wjodk ;;a;ajhl mj;skakla njg we;s ye`.Su ksid ta fjkqfjka Kh
,nd ug fyda wdfhdackh lsug ue<slula olajhs
laIquq,H lafIa;%h kshdukh

kshduk yd wlAIKh iòyd ia:djr moAO;shla fkdue;s u lAIquq,H lafIa;%fha jOkhg tla
ndOdjls laIquq,H fiajd imhk O wdh;k fYaIfhka u rch i;= fyda rchg inkaO
wdh;k kshdukh yd wlaIKh flfrkqfha O wdh;k isks WodyrKhla f,i iuDoa
nexl= i;s kshdukh flfrkqfha YS% ,xld iuDoa wldh isks iuqmldr .%dh nexl=
kshdukh inkaOfhka lghq;= lrkqfha iuqmldr ixjOk fomd;fka;=jhs n,m;% ,;a
fYaIs; nexl= f,i m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= .efkkqfha YS% ,xld uy nexl=f wlaIKh
hg;g hs flfia jqj o" wlaIKh iòyd fhdod .kakd l%ufo yd m%;Ska mq,a jYfhka
O;ajh;a olajk w;r kshdukh yd wlaIKh iòyd tlu wldhla fkdue;s f
m%;sM,hla f,i taldldr m%;Ska yd fmd b,lalhla ilid .ekSug fkdyels we; tmuKla
fkdj" rdcH fkdjk ixOdkj,g wh;a laIquq,H wdh;k rdYshla mj;sk w;r tu wdh;k
18
wlaIKhla is fkdjk w;r tajdfha laIquq,H ls%hdldrl md,kh lsug fYaI kS;s fyda
fr.=,dis o ke; fuu ;;a;ajh u.yrjd,Su iòyd YS% ,xld uy nexl=j iska laIqu,H wdh;k
mk;la ieliQ w;r tu.ska laIquq,H wdh;k kshdukh yd wlaIKh fhdackd flK flfia
jqj o" fuu fhda; mk; hgf;a" ishu m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" ,shdmx uq,H iud."
f.dvkef.k i;s" iuqmldr i;s yd iuyr ,dN bmhSu mrud: lr fkd.;a iud. jeks
laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka /ila neyer fldg we;af;a Tjqka YS% ,xld uy nexl=j hgf;a
l%shd;aulu iòyd wjYH jkakd jQ n,m;% ,nd .ekSfuka ksoyia fldg we;s ksid h iuDoa
nexl= i;s ms<snò j iòykla ke;s w;r bka woyia jkafka tajd fuu mk; hgf;a kshdukh
jk ksid hs meye,s ke; fuu mk; hgf;a n,m;% ,nd .; hq;= laIquq,H wdh;k Tjqkaf.a
l%shdld;ajfha mudKh wkqj hlsis ugul wdfhdack wjYH;djla o imqrd,Su wfmalaIs; h
fhda; mk; u.ska n,m;% ,;a laIquq,H wdh;kj,g uyck ;ekam;= Ndr .ekSug wjir
,ef kg YS% ,xld uy nexl=j u.ska kshdukh yd wlaIKh jk wdh;kj,g ^WodyrK(
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yd ,shdmx uq,H iud.& fyda iuqmldr i;s yd f.dv kef.k i;s
jeks Tjqkaf.a idudlhskaf.ka ;ekam;= Ndr .kakd wdh;k yer fjk;a wdh;kj,g fuh l<
fkdyels h
19

fhdcs; laIquq,H wdh;k mk; l%shd;aul l<fyd;a" bka uqo,a Khg f wd{dmkf;a
Odkj,ska n,m;% ,;a laIquq,H wdh;k ksoyia flfrkq we; kg laIquq,H jHdmdrh
j.SlrKh fldg we;af;a Kh fok jHdmdr f,isks tfyhska foaYSh fldgia wdfhdackh
iòyd Tjqkg wjir ke; uyd mudKfha id:l j l%shd;aul jk kshdukh fkdjk
laIquq,H wdh;k ie,lsh hq;= ixLHdjlg fuhska whym;a n,mEu fya;= fldg f.k foaYSh
m%d.aOkh ,nd .ekSf fkdyelshdj ksid Tjqkaf.a fiajd mq,a lsug wiu;a f
laIquq,H lafIa;%hg kshduk yd wlaIK ls%hdud.hla y`kajdf jEhu jir lsysmhla mqrd
isfjka mj;S fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k yd fjk;a wod< mrNdrlrejka YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
iska ksl=;a l< flgqm; iuyr Odk ms<snò j ish woyia yd fhdackd m%ldY fldg we;
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fndfyda g ie,lsh hq;= ugf ixfYdaOk fldg m%;sksudKh lsu iòyd fhduq fldg ;sK
ixfYda; mk; md,sfka;= wkque;sh iòyd bm;a flfrkqfha ljod hs hkak k .kakg
ke;

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m mq,a jYfhka ldKav l< yelsh ^wdh;k j.j, fl ia;rhla weKqu 3 ka bm;a
fldg we;&
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yd wfkl=;a fYaIs; nexl=
iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yd fjk;a iuqmldr
iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s îKi i;s&
iuDoa nexl= i;s
rdcH fkdjk ixOdkj, laIquq,H wdh;k
fjk;a uq,H wdh;k ^fuu ldKavhg wh;a jkafka laIquq,H fiajd imhk jdKsc nexl="
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20
laIquq,H fiajd ia:dk cd,h

zCGAP CLEARZ uYkh 2006 u.ska weia;fka;= l< wkaoug YS% ,xldf 14"000lg je
ixLHdjla laIquq,H fiajd imhkafkda is;s fuhg iKi i;s 8"440 o we;=<;a jqj o iKi
m%ldY lrk wkaoug bka 50]la muK wl%sh i;s h tfyhska ienE ;;a;ajh wkqj l%shdld
laIquq,H imhkakka ixLHdj 14"000g jvd wvq h hq;= h 2006$2007 jirj,
GTZ fm%dia
^laIquq,H lafIa;%h m%p,s; lsu& jevigyk iska jhsk mqrd h;a l< laIquq,H wdh;k
ms<snò ilaIKh ^fu;eka isg laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKh f,i ye`kafjkafka thhs& iska
fy<s l< wkaoug rg mqrd wju jYfhka 10"000lg je ixLHdjl ls%hdld fiajd ia:dk cd,hla
we;
tys m%fyaokhla my; j.=j 4 ka olajd we;
j.=j 4
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fiajd ia:dk ixLHdj
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=

fjk;a n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl=
îKi ixjOk nexl=j&
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laIquq,H fiajd ilaIKh12 mok fldg f.k rEmigyka 1 ka iy 2 ka laIquq,H fiajd ia:dk
m<d;a yd lafIa;% ugf jHdma;sh fmkajd fohs rf ia;%slal 25ka 3la ilaIKh iòyd we;=<;a
10
Yd, mudKfha laIquq,H wdh;kj, YdLd mok fldg .eksK

uyck nexl=j" ,xld nexl=j" yegka keIk,a nexl=j" im;a nexl=j jeks nexl= iy ,xld Thka l,an iud.u
jeks nexl= fkdjk wdh;k o laIquq,H fiajd imhhs iuyr wdh;k fuu fiajd ishu YdLd Tiafia ,nd fok
w;r iuyr wdh;k f;drd .;a YdLd yryd muKla imhhs YdLd 324lska hq;a uyck nexl=j ishu YdLd Tiafia
zmSm,aia *diaZ laIquq,H ksIamdok ,nd foa laIquq,H ilaIKfhka ,nd .;a f;dr;=re wkqj nexl= iy fjk;a
uq,H wdh;k YdLd 1"200la muK fhdod .kska laIquq,H fiajd ,nd fo;s fuu ish ixLHd;aul f;dr;=re by;
ixLHdjg tl;= l< g uq laIquq,H fiajd iemhSf ia:dk 10"000 blaujhs
12
fuys W;=re m<d;g wh;a ia;%slal 3 la ^tk" ls,sfkd" uq,;s yd ukakdru& tu m%foaYj, meje;s whym;a
wdrlaIl ;;a;j
a h ksid fuu ilaIKhg we;=<;a lr .ekSug fkdyels jQ nj iòyka l< hq;= h tfuka u"
m%;s,dNSka 500 lg wvq ^W;=re iy kef.kysr m<d;aj, 100lg wvq& m%udKhla isk laIquq,H wdh;k o fuu
ilaIKfhka neyer flK
11
21
fkdjqj o ilaIKh u.ska rg ;=< l%shd;aul jk ishu laIquq,H fiajd imhk Yd, wdh;k
wdjrKh l< fyhska my; bm;a flfrk o;a; iia;rd;aul ne ie,lsh hq;= h
rEmigyk 1 ka bm;a lrkq ,nk m%dfoaYSh jHdma;sh hgf;a ilaIKh iòyd iyNd.s jQ
laIquq,H fiajd ia:dk 7"141 la wdjrKh flf ta hgf;a ishu m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl="
iuDoa ixjOk nexl= iy l%shdld iKi i;s 3"794 o we;=<;a h bka iuqmldr .%dh nexl=
uq ixLHdfjka 85]la o rdcH fkdjk ixOdk ugf laIquq,H wdh;k 83 la o wdjrKh
flK wmf.a ;lafiarejg wkqj rg ;=< ls%hd;aul jk laIquq,H fiajd ia:dk 10"000 ie,lSf
my; lafjk m<d;a ugf jHdma;sh inkaOfhka bka 70]la wdjrKh we; meye,s
jYfhka u ol=Kq m<d; ;=< laIquq,H fiajd ia:dk Yla;su;a f,i l%shd;aul f uq fiajd
ia:dk m%udKfhka 1$4lg wdikak m%udKhla l%shd;aul jkafka tu m<d; ;=< h wfkla w;g
lDIsludka;h m%Odk fldg .;a W;=re ueo m<d;g fiajd iemhSf WDk;djla we;s ne 39]
lska ksfhdackh jk fiajd ia:dk ixLHdfjka fmkakq flf ilaIKfhka ,o f;dr;=re
wkqj .egqld ;;a;ajhl mj;sk W;=re m<d;" 52] l fiajd ia:dk m%udKhlg ysl lshhs
th ienE ^mj;sk& ;;a;ajhg jvd my< w.hla h yels jkafka m<df;a ishu ia;%slal
wdjrKh lsug fkdyels jQ fyhsks
rEm igyk 1 - m<d;a ugf laIquQ,H fiajd ia:dkj, jHdma;sh
fiajd ia:dkj, wdxYsl jHdma;sh

YS% ,xldf laIquq,H jHdmdrh meye,s jYfhka u .%dh m%foaYj,g f.dkq j we; rEmigyfka
2 ksfhdackh flfrk fiajd ia:dk 7"141 ka 90]la u msysgd we;af;a ckix.Kk yd
ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=f j.SlrKhg wkqj z.%dhZ m%foaYj, h kd.l m%foaYj,
tajdfha jHdma;sh 10]lg jvd wvq jk w;r" j;=lrfha jd;d we;s fiajd ia:dk m%udKh 1] la
muKs fuhska miqj iòyka l< lreK .;a l, o;djfhka fmf<k mqoa.,hkaf.a m%;sY;h
22
wdikak jYfhka 17 la jk j;=lrfha laIquq,H fiajd iemhSu inkaOfhka we;af;a la;hla

njg fmkajd fohs tfuka u" ckix.Kk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=j u.ska m%ldYs; o;a;
wkqj cd;sl o;d oYlh 227] ^2002& isg 52] ^2006$7& olajd wvqula fmkakq l< o
j;=lrfha tu oYlh wod< ld,iSudj ;=< u 30] isg 32] olajd jeula fmkakq lrhs13
rEm igyk 2 - wdxYsl jYfhka laIquQ,H fiajd ia:dkj, jHdma;sh
mam;alu me;sug idfmalaIj fiajd ia:dkj, jHdma;sh

2006$2007 ckix.Kk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=j iska h;a l< wdodh yd ho
ms<snò .DydYs%; ilaIKh u.ska YS% ,xldf cd;sl o;d ugu tla mqoa.,hl= iòyd uilg
re2"233$- f,ig ;SrKh flK th mok fldg f.k ck ix.Kk yd ixLHdf,aLk
fomd;fka;=j iska ish udisl wdodhu cd;sl o;d ugug jvd my; we;s mqoa.,hskaf.a
m%;sY;h meje;s wnqold ;;ajh fya;= fldg f.k W;=re m<d; yd kef.kysr m<df;a
;s%l=Kdu,h ia;%slalh yer" m<d;a ugfuka ;lafiare flK fuu neyer ls j,ska bm;a
flfrk o;a;j,g lsish n,mEula isjk fyhska ks.ukj,g t<ef wjOdkfhka lghq;=
l< hq;=f flfia kuq;a" u;=mska fmfkk wkaoug o;d ugug idfmalaI j .;a l, ol=Kq
m<d;g je fiajd iemhqula we; wfkla w;g" o;d ugu yd iei`f inr.uqj m<d;g
we;af;a wvq fiajd iemhqula nj meye,s h kef.kysr m<d;a inkaOfhka ujd we;s mska;+rh
fodaI iys;h bka fmkajd fokafka tu m<d; laIquq,H fiajd .yk m%foaYhla jk w;r
ckix.Kk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=f o;a; fmkajd fok m rf ishu o;d
ug ie,ls,a,g .ekSf Bg wvqu odhl;ajhla olajk m<d; o th nj h fuh ish
yelalla fkdf ukao" fuh jir .Kkdjla mqrd .egqj,ska mS ` m%foaYhla fyhska Yd,
msila wj;eka j isu;a" ;s%l=Kdu, ia;%slalh ilaIKfhka neyer lsu;a ksid ckix.Kk
13
.DydYs%; wdodh yd ho ilaIKh 2006$07 - Y%S ,xld ckix.Kk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=j
23
yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd;fka;=f m%;sM, lD;s lsug th fndfyda rg fya;= jQ jd h yels

h
j.=j 5
m<d;
laIquq,H
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laIquq,H wdh;kj, mdfNda.sl ixLHdj ;lafiare lsu wmyiq jkafka fndfyda wdh;k jd;d
mj;ajd f.k hkafka .sKq moku u; i mdfNda.sl moku u; fkdjk ksidh WodyrK(
Kh iy b;s lsf .sKq jYfhka tla mdfNda.slhl= iska .sKq lsysmhla jqj mj;ajd f.k
hdug bvlv we;s fyhska uq .sKq ixLHdj wdh;kfha mdfNda.sl ixLHdjg jvd je w.hla
.ekSug fnfyda rg bv we; tla tla wdh;kh ugka mj;sk fuu .egj laIquq,H
lafIa;%h iòyd u .;a l, jvd;a ixlSK jkafka mqoa.,hska o wdh;k lsysmhl ;u .sKq
mj;ajd f.k hk fyhsks14 o< igykla f,i laIquq,H fiajd mdfNda.slhska ms<snò laIquq,H
wdh;k ilaIKfha /ial< o;a; my; bm;a flf
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= ^RDBs&( m%dfoaYsh ixjOk nexl= ;lafiare lrk wkaoug Tjqkaf.a
jHdmdrfhka o< jYfhka 86] la laIquq,H fiajdjka h laIquq,H fiajd mdfNda.sl msi
,shk 185la f,i ;lafiare fldg we; flafia kuq" ish mdfNda.slhska ms<snò j o;a;
/iafldg ;snqfKa .%dh ixjOk nexl= 6 ka tlla muKs b;s nexl= my iska mj;ajd f.k
hk .sKq ixLHdj weiqka mdfNda.sl ixLHdj weia;fka;= flK
iuDoa nexl= i;s ^SBSs&( ,shk 23la jQ uq idudl msilg yd 227"000 la jQ idudl
fkdjk msilg o fiajd iemfha idudcslhka fkdjk mqoa.,hskayg b;s lsf .sKq
mj;ajd f.k hdug wjia:d ie,fika w;r" Kh ,nd .ekSu iòyd Tjqkg wjir ke;
14
YS% ,xldf m%;sm;a;s wOHhk wdh;kh u.ska 2006$2007 lrk ,o .DydY%s; ilaIKhlska fy<s jkafka YS%
,xldf mjq,a w;=ka 50]la muK nyqO uq,H wdh;k iu. .kqfokq lrk nj h
24
iuqmldr .%dh nexl= ^CRBs& yd ldka;djkaf.a ixjOk iuqmldr i;s ^ WDCs&( fiajd
,nk mdfNda.slhska ixLHdj ms<snò f;dr;=re fkdue;s jqj o YS% ,xld uy nexl=f o;a;
iska fmkajd fokq ,nk m 2006 foienr jk g ,shk 15l Kh .sKq yd ,shk 65
l b;s lsf .sKq iuqmldr .%dh nexl= 1"608la yryd l%shd;aul h ta wkqj" ,shk 4 5 la mqoa.,hska msila fj; fuu fiajd <`.d ug bv we;
iKi$iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s ^TCCSs&( 2006 wjidkh jk g iKi iliqrej

yd Kh iuqmldr i;s idudl;ajh 866"111 la njg ;lafiare fldg ;sK Bg wu;r j
iKi jHdmdrfhka iajdk j lghq;= lrk hdmkfha iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr jD;a;Sh
i;sh mdfNda.slhka 12"000lg fiajd imhk njg ;lafiare fldg we;15
fjk;a laIquq,H wdh;k ^rdcH fkdjk ixOdk$isudiys; iud.$.erka iud.&(

laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKh yd fjk;a m%ldYs; f;dr;=rej,g wkqj rdcH fkdjk ixOdk
yd fjk;a laIquq,H wdh;k iska 1"000"000 l muK mdfNda.sl msila wdjrKh flf
laIquq,H lafIa;%hg wj;SK jQ nexl= jeks u;a uq,H wdh;k ms<snò iia;rd;aul f;dr;=re
ke; laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKhg wkqj" ^jeka; uyck nexl=j neyer lsfuka wk;=rej&
fuu lKacdhf laIquq,H mdfNda.sl ixLHdj 935"000 ls flfia jqj o" fuu wdh;ksl
lKavdhu w;r laIquq,H fiajd iòyd fokq ,nk w:lau fmdf ms<s.;a w:laj,g
jvd fjkia h
O wdh;k w;r fmd mdfNda.slhska msila o isk nj ie,ls,a,g .ekSfuka wk;=re j jqj
o" YS% ,xldf mq,a mrdihl ysk laIquq,H fiajd jHdma;shla we;s nj meye,s h fuu
jHdma;sfha .eUqr tk" o;d ug yryd fldf;la .eUqrg laIquq,H fiajd <`.d jkafka hs
<`.g idlaPd flf
fiajd jHdma;sfha .eUqr

laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKfha /ia l< o;a;j,g wkqj" laIquq,H mdfNda.slhskaf.a wdodh
jHdma;sh j.=j 6 ka laf
;sfnk f;dr;=rej,ska fmkS hkafka" iuDoa nexl= i;s yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdkj,g wh;a
laIquq,H wdh;k" udisl wdodhu re3"000$- g wvq mjq,a w;=ka ms<sfj,ska 85] yd 504] l
mdfNda.sl msilg <`.d fjka jHdma;sfha .eUqr w;ska by< u ;ek .kakd njhs rdcH
15
laIquq,H - rdcH fkdjk wdh;ksl wjYH;d ;lafiare lsf wOHhkh" wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=f .%dh uq,H
wxYh ixjOkh lsf jHdmD;sh ÂDBRFSDP)" 2006 uehs
25
fkdjk ixOdkj,g wh;a laIquq,H wdh;k ie,ls,a,g .;a l, Tjqkaf.a mdfNda.slhka

w;=ka 82] lf.a ksjfia udisl wdodhu re5"000$- g jvd wvq h m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=
meye,s j u fiajd imhkafka fjkia mdfNda.sl lKavdhulg jk w;r" bka 50] lg jvd
je msila .efkkqfha ksjfia udisl wdodhu re5"000 - 20"000 w;r ugulg h
j.=j 6 - laIquq,H fiajd mdfNda.slhskaf.a wdodh ug

re3"000 5"000
183]
re5"000 10"000
242]
re10"000 20"000
283]
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75]
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l<Ula ;snqK o tajd w;HjYHfhka u ieliS we;af;a O wkaof Kh iy b;s ls
ksIamdok f,iska jk w;r fndfyda g fjkia jkafka kdufhka muKs Kh ld,iSudf
fjkialj,g wu;r j tajdfha fYaIdx.j, t;r fjkila olakg ke;
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yd iKi ixjOk nexl=j jeks n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= iòyd
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idudl;ajfhka ;ekam;= Ndr .ekSug wjir we; rdcH fkdj ixOdkj,g wh;a fndfyda
laIquq,H wdh;k iska o h iSudjlg ;ekam;= Ndr .efka fndfyda laIquq,H fiajd
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iy ;ekam;= moku my; j.=fjka laf
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26
j.=j 7 - Kh l<U iy ;ekam;= moku

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*
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m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= jdIsl jd;dj 2006

YS% ,xld uy nexl=f jdIsl jd;dj 2006
iKi ixLHdkk jd;dj 2006$2007 - bm;a fldg we;s o;a; wod< jkafka 2006 jirg h
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" iKi" iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yd iSia îfjdaoh wdl jHjidh
ixjOk fiajd& jeks fjk;a laIquq,H wdh;k fuka u n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= iska o Wlia
fiajd iemfha uyck nexl=j i;= fYaIfhka iqi,a jQ Wlia l<Ula we;s w;r" lKAvdhula
f,i m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= i;=j Yd, Wlia fiajd .sKq m%udKhla we; th Kh .sKq
m%udKhg jvd je h
laIq rlaIK fiajd jeks ksIamdok ,nd fokqfha b;d u iq wdh;k ixLHdjlsks iuyr wdh;k
,shdmx rlaIK iud.j, ksIamdok fnod yef tacka;jreka f,i lghq;= lrhs rlaIK
jHdmdr mj;ajd f.k hdu iòyd mj;sk kS;shg wkqj YS% ,xld rlaIK uKav,fha ,shdmxh
,nd .; hq;= jqj o iuyr wdh;k iska ;ukaf.a u rlaIK ksIamdok y`kajd u o isf ta
jf.a u" l,an ^,Sisx& fiajdj ,nd fokafka o b;d iq wdh;k ixLHdjlsks ta" l,an jHdmdr
iòyd o kS;shg wkqj fYaI n,m;%hla ,nd .; hq;= fyhsks rlaIK fiajd yd l,an fiajd
iòyd mQj-fldkafoaishla jk by< m%d.aOk wjYH;dj ksid im%odhsl laIquq,H wdh;k
fujeks l%shdldrl iòyd n,m;% ,nd .ekSug ue<s fj;s
Kh f fldkafoais yd wemlr
laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka b;d u iq ixLHdjla îuyr m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" iKi yd
iuqmldr .%dh nexl=& fYaIfhka by< jkdlulska hq;= Kh ksl=;a lsf fN!;sl
wemlrhla b,a,d isk w;r" idudkHfhka ish u laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka iska mqoa.,
wemlrejka yd wksjdh b;s ls wemlr fjkqjg fhdod .efka wfkl=;a wdh;k iqrel=
f,i Kh ksl=;a lsf tla jdlhla ;nd .ekSu fyda zKh iq/l= wruqo,Z g odhl;ajhla
f,i iq uqo,la wh flf laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKhg iyNd.S jQ iuyr iuqmldr .%dh
27
nexl= yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdk hgf;a Kh ,nd.ekSf Kh m%d.aOkh wdjrKh jk m

rlaIKhla , .ekSug Kh,dNshdg isjk nj o fy<s h
fmd,S wkqmd;sl
laIquq,H wdh;k ilaIKfha /ial< f;dr;=re wkqj" jdIsl Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slh 6] isg
36] îuyr rdcH fkdjk ixOdkj,g wh;a laIquq,H wdh;k& Wmuhla olajd p,Hhla
fmkakq lrhs ishhg 6 ^6]& fmd,shla iys; Kh jevigyka ksfhdackh lrkafka YS% ,xld uy
nexl=j iska iqkdhg miq iyNd.S uq,H wdh;k yryd y`kjd ka iykodhS mokulska hq;a
Kh jevigyka h fuys tu wdh;k iòyd 3] l fmd<shla wh flfrk w;r wjidkfha
Kh,dNshdf.ka whjk fmd<sh 6] ls iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yd iKi i;s tlla folla muK
Kh fmd,S wkqmd;slh 6] g jvd wvq njg jd;d l< o tajd ienE jdIsl wkqmd;sl ug we;s
bvlb wvq h
idudkHfhka wdh;k iska wvqjk fYaIh mok fldg f.k fmd,sh .Kkh l< o" iuj;
wkqmd;slh fhdod .ekSfuka" jd;d flfrk fmd,S wkqmd;slhg jvd je fmd,S wkqmd;hka wh
flfrk wdh;k lsysmhla o we; idudkHfhka fmd,sh .Kkh flfrk l%ufha ksoNdjhla
fkdue;s ksid" jvd ,dNodhS f,i fmfkk fuu wkqmd;sl inkaOfhka mdfNda.slhka uq<d
ug o bv we;
Wlia .ekSf myiql imhk wdh;k iska tu fiajdj iòyd jdIsl j 14] isg 24] olajd
fjkia jk by< fmd<shla whflf flfia jqjo" wfkl=;a Kh yd iei`f fuu fiajdf
.kqfokq inkaOfhka hk hou wvq h b;slsf .sKq yd ia:djr ;ekam;= îdudkHfhka
jirlg jvd l,a .; fkdjk& j, fmd<S wkqmd;sl ikaixokh lsf " b;sls iòyd
jdIsl j th 6] l ugul idudkHhl mj;sk w;r ia:djr ;ekam;= iòyd fmd<S wkqmd;slh
iuyr wjia:dj, jirl 18] - 19] olajd jQ by< ugul mej;Sug o yels h
fuys iòyka l< hq;= ;j;a lreKls 2006 yd 2007 jeks jdIsl WoaOuk wkqmd;slh 15] g
jvd by< .sh wjia:djl Kh fokakka fuka u Kh,dNSka g ,efnkqfha b;d wvq fyda RK
fmd<S wkqmd;slhls
28
Kh ld,iSudj
udihl isg jir 5 îdudkHfhka ksjdi Kh iòyd& olajd ld,iSudjkag hg;a j Kh ksl=;a
flf flfia jqj o" wdh;k b;d iq ixLHdjla îuyr iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yd iKi i;s&
jir 10 - 12 olajd jQ .=ld,Sk Kh ,nd fok njg jd;d f
29
uq,H fiajd iòyd m%fYh

my; iòyka f;dr;=re mok jQfha YS% ,xldf ia;s%lal 22 l o< jYfhka ksjdi 3"000la muK
wdjrKh flfrka 2007 isl< ilaIKfhks16 ilaIK m%;sM,j,g wkqj" mjq,a 825] la
uq,H wdh;kj,ska b;sls ;ekam;a lsu yd$fyda Kh ,nd .ekSu inkaOfhka uq,H fiajd
,nd f.k ;sK je rg;a wdikak jYfhka 50]l muK mjq,a m%udKhla ish uqo,a wjYH;d
iòyd uq,H wdh;k lsysmhla iu. inò;d mj;ajd we; Kh myiql Nd;h yd iei`f
b;slsu inkaOfhka fiajd Nd;h jeh - wdikak jYfhka mjq,a 75]la uq,H wdh;kj,
b;slsf .sKq mj;ajdf.k .sh o ta yd iei`f Kh ,nd f.k we;af;a 47]la muKs bka
fmkakq lrkafka rf mj;sk b;sls ixialD;sh hs
flfia jqj o" iuia: w.h ie,ls,a,g .ekSf O ugj, mj;sk Iu;d ie`. we;
.%dh ^175]& yd kd.l ^15]& lafIa;% yd iei`f j;=lrfha mjq,a 25]la uq,H fiajd ,nd
f.k ke;
mdfNda.slhka m%fY jQ wdh;k j.

rdcH nexl= uq,H fiajd iemhSf m%Odk N+ldjl fhfoA uq,H wdh;ksl fiajd ,nd .;a
mjq,aj,ska 75]la fiajd ,nd f.k ;snqfKa rdcH nexl= j,sks f inkaOfhka fYaIfhka u
uyck nexl=j m%Odk N+ldjla bgq lrhs foaYSh fm!oa.,sl nexl= fj; 30] la mjq,a m%udKhla
<`.d ;snqKq w;r" 25] la uq,H fiajd ,nd f.k ;snqfKa iuDoa nexl= i;s yryd h iuDoa
nexl= i;s jkd ys b`rdu b;d wvq wdodh,dNs mjq,a b,lal fldg.;a laIquq,H wdh;k jk
neka laIquq,H fiajd jHdma;sh inkaOfhka fuh fydò idlaIshls
laIqKh fiajd jHdma;sh iòyd o idlaIs imhka foaYSh fm!oa.,sl nexl= iy foaYSh nexl= yd
iei`f " uq,H wdh;kj,ska Kh ,nd .;a mjq,a w;=ka je m%udKhla ta ,nd f.k we;af;a
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" iuDoa nexl= i;s" iKi yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H
16
fuu ilaIKh GTZ- fm%dia ^laIquq,H lafIa;%h m%jOkh& jevigyk fjkqfjka h;a lf<a m%;sm;a;s wOHhk
wdh;kh hs ilaIKfha wruqK jQfha YS% ,xldf u;a yd wO u;a uq,H wdh;k iska imhk fiajdjka
fldf;la rg Nd; lrkafka hs fidhd ne,Su hs fuys fYaI wjOdkhla laIquq,H fiajd fj; fhduq flK
ilaIKh iòyd uq,H wdh;k w: laf jdKsc nexl=" uq,H iud." yd l,an iud. muKla fkdj
iuqmldr .%dh nexl=" iuDoa nexl= i;s" iy rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k o we;=<;a h W;=re
m<df;a ls,sfkdh" ukakdru yd uq,;s hk ia;%slal fuu ilaIKh iòyd we;=<;a lr .ekSug fkdyels jQfha
tu m%foaYfha meje;s wnqold jd;djrKh ksid h
30
wdh;k jeks laIquq,H wdh;kj,ska nj o fy<s f fuys o" 26] mjq,a m%udKhla Kh ,nd
f.k we;af;a iuDoaO nexl= i;sj,sks
flfia jqjo" lKavdhula jYfhka rdcH nexl= Kh imhk wdh;k w;=ka jeka; Kh
imhkakd f,i mj;sk w;r" uyck nexl=j bks m%Odk wdh;kh fjhs Yd,; u fiajd ia:dk
cd,h meje;sh o iuqmldr .%dh nexl= lemS fmfkk N=ldjla is lrkq fkdfmfka
iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yryd fiajd ,nd f.k we;af;a Kh ,dNS mjq,a w;=ka 5] la muKs
b;sls ie,ls,a,g .ekSf o bfhka iskqfha" fYAIfhka uyck nexl=j ^48] mjq,a
m%udKhl b;sls iu.& yd Bg jvd wvq ugulska jqj" ,xld nexl=j ^36] mjq,a m%udKhl
b;sls iu.& we;= rdcH nexl= h bka wk;=rej lemS fmfkk ugul ;;a;ajh;a fmkakq
lrkqfha foaYSh fm!oa.,sl nexl= ^30] mjq,a m%udKhl b;sls iu.&" iuDoa nexl= i;s ^21]
mjq,a m%udKhl b;sls iu.& yd m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= ^12] mjq,a m%udKhl b;sls
iu.& h
mjq,a ugf Kh yd b;sls

ilaIKhg fmr" tla mjq,la iòyd jir 3l ld,iSudjlg hg;a j ksl=;a flreKq Kh
m%udKfha idudkHh re100"000 g wvq h ^re84"000& ishhg 80 ^80]& lg je mjq,a m%udKhla
re100"000 fkdblau jQ Kh ,nd f.k ;sK flfia jqjo" lafIa;% yd m%dfoAYSh jYfhka .;a l,
meye,s fjkial olakg ,ef j;=lrfha 87]lg je mjq,a m%udKhla ,nd f.k ;snqfKa
re50"000 g jvd wvq Kh uqo,la h idudkHdfhka kd.l ckdjdij, mjq,la iòyd ksl=;a
flreKq Kh m%udKh tfuka oi .=Khlg;a jvd je w;r" .%dh mjq,l Kh m%udKh yd
iei`f tfuka fo.=Khls idfmalaI j fmdfydi;a niakdysr m<df;a Kh m%udKfha
idudkHh re162"000la tk cd;sl idudkHh fuka fo.=Khls th lDIsludka;h m%uqL
fldg.;a W;=re ueo m<df;a idudkHh jk re27"000 yd iei`f tfuka ih .=Khls
mjq,a m%udKfhka 80]lg jvd je m%udKhla i;= j re50"000 g jvd wvq ugka b;sls
we; cd;sl jYfhka b;slsj, idudkHh re22"000ls flfia jqjo" lafIa;% ugf Iu;d
Kh yd iiòk l, t;r Yd, ke; kd.l .Dyhl idudkH b;sls m%udKh cd;sl
yd .%dh w.h fuka fo.=Khla jk w;r" j;=lrhg idfmalaI j is .=Khls flfia jqjo" fuys
b;sls jYfhka .efkkqfha uq,Hu h b;sls h j;=lrfha mjq,a fjk;a wdldrfha
b;sls iòyd fhduq h yels w;r ^Wod( iajKdNrK& j;=lrfha b;sls inkaOfhka
bm;a flfrk ;%h h ugka i;H ;;a;ajhg jvd wvq lr fmkaula h yelsh rf
31
mjq,a Yd, ixLHdjla uq,H wdh;kj, b;sls mj;ajd f.k .sh o idudkH
b;sls ;ekam;= m%udKh l=vd w.hla .efkkqfha b;slsf yelshdf wvqlu fuka u
w;sla; wruqo,a fjk;a l,am ud. iòyd ^Wod( bvlv" iajKdNrK , .ekSu&
wdfhdackh flfrk ksid h m<d;a ugka jeu ;ekam;= m%udKfha idudkHh ^cd;sl w.h
fuka fo.=Khlg jvd je w.hla& jd;d jkafka wnqold jd;djrKhlska hq;a W;=re
m<df;ks
uq,H fiajd yd ia;S% mqreI iudcNdjfha inò;djh

ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ie,ls,a,g .ekSf uq,H fiajd iòyd m%fYfha rij;a rgdjka l .;
yelsh u;a uq,H lafIa;%fha wdh;k f,i .efkk n,m;% ,;a rdcH yd fm!oa.,sk jdKsc
nexl=" m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=" iy uq,H yd l,an wdh;kj, .kqfokqlrejka w;ka nyq;rh
^61-68]& mska h wfkla w;g" iuDoa nexl= i;s" iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s" rdcH
fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k iy iuqmldr îuqmldr .%dh nexl= yer&
j, .kqfokqlrejkaf.ka nyq;rh ^60 - 67]& ldka;djka h miqj iòyka l<
lKavdhu .efkkqfha laIquq,H lafIa;%hg fyhska" ka ;yjqre flfrkqfha YS% ,xldf
laIquq,H fiajd jejYfhka ,nd fokqfha ldka;d mdfNda.sl msilg nj h
b;sls inkaOfhka o we;af;a Bg iudk jQ rgdjls( 60-66] ldka;djka msila iuDoa nexl=
i;s" iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s" rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k yd
iuqmldr i;sj, b;slsf .sKq mj;ajd f.k hdug leu;a;la olajk w;r ms mlaIh
rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl jdKsc nexl=j, .sKq mj;ajd f.k hdug leue;a;la olaj;s idudkJfhka
mska ldka;djkag idfmalaI j 25 .=Khl Kh ,nd .kakd w;r" b;s ls inkaOfhka
th 13la muKs
Kh .ekSf wruqK
mjq,a iska ,nd .kakd ,o Kh ixLHdfjka 30] lg wdikak m%udKhla yd ,nd .;a Kh
jkdlka 40] la u fhdod f.k we;af;a bls lghq;= iòyd h uQ,sl lafIa;% jk
lDIsludka;h" i;aj md,kh yd jr ludka;h iòyd 20] lg wdikak Kh m%udKhla ,nd
f.k we;s w;r" Kh jkdlu ie,ls,a,g .;a l, we;af;a ie,lsh hq;= ugka b;d wvq
m%;sY;hls ^6]& lafIa;% ugka .;a l, ixLHd;aul fuka u jkdlu w;ska kd.l yd .%dh
lafIa;%j, jvd;a jeo.;a jkafka bls Kh h tfia jqj o" j;=lrfha j;ajk
mdfNda.slhkaf.a Kh .ekSf m%Odk wruqK ^Kh ixLHdj yd jkdlu w;ska .;fyd;a& yis
wjYH;d h
32
wu;a Kh Nd;h
wu;a Kh iEu;ekl u mdfya we;e hs Yajdi l< o" ilaIKh u.ska fy<s jQfha 183] mjq,a
m%udKhla muKla uqo,a Khg fokakka" mjqf,a {d;Ska" ys;j;=ka" wi,ajdiSka" fjf<`ka"
bvyshka yd pl%Sh b;sls yd Kh ix. jeks wu;a uQ,dY%j,ska Kh ,nd .;a njls
j;=lrfha wu;a Kh Nd;h ^208]& iudkH w.hg jvd h;ka je w;r" kd.l
mirfha th h;ka wvqh ^166]&
wu;a Kh ,nd .ekSf uQ,dY%hla f,i uqo,a Khg fokakkaf.a N+ldj m%p,s; njg Yajdi
l< o th t;r jeo.;a ;ekla fkd.kakd nj fmkS .sh lreKls wu;a Kh m%udKh yd
jkdlu ie,ls,a,g .ekSf " mjq," ys;j;=ka yd wi,ajeishka 62] l Kh m%udKhlg yd 729]
l Kh jkdlulg odhlajh imhd we; ta yd iiòk g uqo,a Khg fokakkaf.a odhl;ajh
264] ^Kh m%udKh& yd 205] ^Kh jkdlu& ls wu;a Kh fndfyda g fhdod .ekqfKa yis
wjYH;d iòyd h wu;a uQ,dY%j,ska ,nd .;a 45] la jQ Kh m%udKhla yd 22] l jkdlka
hq;a Kh fhdod f.k we;af;a fuu wruqK iòyd h wu;a uQ,dY%j,ska Kh ,nd .;a 75]la
mejiQ wkaoug Tjqka ta iòyd fm<Uqfka myiqfjka yd blaukska ,nd .ekSug we;s yelshdj ksid
nj mejiQ w;r" 67] la wemlr bm;a lsf wjYH;djla fkdue;slu fmkajd ks yis uqo,a
wjYH;djka iòyd wu;a Kh Nd;h ie,ls,a,g .ekSf by; lreKq fol u meye,s h
uq,H fiajd iòyd m%fYh - idrdxYh

.Dy ugf ilaIKfhka u;= jQ m%Odk lreKq lsysmhls(
uq,H fiajdjkaf.a jHdma;sh b;d by< ugul mj;sk w;r ilaIKhg .ekqKq .Dyhka
w;=ka 825] uq,H wdh;kj,ska ,nd fok fiajdjka Nd;d fldg ;sK
rdcH wdh;k iòyd m%n, mdfNda.sl ukdmhla fmkakq flfrkqfha iqrlaIs;;djh ms<snò
j mj;sk wdl,amh yd tu wdh;kj, ia:djrNdjh;a fuka u mq,a YdLd cd,h ksid we;s
m%fY myiqj ksid h hq;=h
ilaIKhg iyNd.S jQ mjq,aj,ska wvq ixLHdjla b;sls iòyd fhduq jqj o" Yd,
wkqmd;hla Kh fiajd iòyd laIquq,H wdh;k fj; m%fY fuka" laIquq,H fiajdjka
meye,s j u jeo.;a ldhNdrhla bgq lrk nj fmfka idudlhskaf.ka yer ;ekam;=
Ndr .ekSug laIquq,H wdh;kj,g ks;sfhka wjir ,md fkdu" fufia b;sls myiql
Nd;d fkdlsug tla fya;=jla h yelsh
idudkH Kh ,nd.eKs yd Kh m%udKhka iska laIquq,H fjf<òfmd< meye,s flf

ia;%SmqreI iudcNdjhg wod< j Yaf,aIKh lsf f,dalfha wfkl=;a m%foaYj, fuka u
YS% ,xldf o laIquq,H fiajd iemhqu ldka;d mdfNda.slhka m%uL fldg f.k isf
33
Khfokakka jeks wu;a Kh uQ,dY% inkaOfhka ;sfnkakd jQ m%p,s; Yajdih ò

ouka" tajdfha lemSfmfkk N+ldjla fkdue;s w;r tu fiajd Nd;d lrkqfha uq,sl
jYfhka yis wjia:dj, laIKsl j uqo,a ,nd .ekSu iòyd nj meye,s f
34
laIquq,H lafIa;%h iòyd wdh;ksl ugf wkq.%yh

mam;=kag iydh f WmfoaYl lKavdhu ^Consultative Group to Assist the Poor - CGAP& iska Y%S
,xldf h;a flreKq rgj,a ugf M,odhS;dj yd uq,H u h j.lSu uYkh ^Country-Level
Effectiveness and Accountability Review - CLEAR&
u.ska fy<s jQfha" wdh;ksl ugf uq,H moaO;sh
;ks ;ks jYfhka fiajd imhkakka ia:dmkh yd jHdma; lsf fuka u ksoNdjh m%p,s;
lsf o jeo.;a N+ldjl fhfok njhs YS% ,xldf uq,H lafIa;%h .;a l, h ;dla rlg
Yla;su;a f,i jOkh jQ wdh;ksl ugf h;, myiqlj,ska iuka; h fuu lafIa;%hg
kshdukh flfrk m%d.aOk fjf<òfmdf<ka o" cd;Hka;r yd l,dmSh wdh;kj,g wkqnoa;
;lafiare wdh;kj,ska o" Kh ldhdxYfhka iy m%udKj;a .sKqlrK yd .Kk
Od;djhlska hq;a cd;Hka;r yd foaYSh .sKqlrK wdh;khkaf.ka o iydh ,ef Yaj
oHd, yd wfkl=;a wOHdmk wdh;k îuyr wdh;k cd;Hka;r YajoHd,j,g wkqnoa; h&
yryd fYaIs; uq,H mqyqKq fuka u idudkH l<ukdlrK mqyqKq myiql o ;sf kQ;k
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIKh o mq,a f,i u;a uq,H wxYh ;=< Nd;d f
mqyqKq$WmfoaYl fiajd
laIquq,H lafIa;%fha wdh;ksl ugf im;aj, idfmalaI jYfhka ys`.;djhla mj;S mqyqKq
myiql .;a l, YS% ,xld uy nexl=f nexl= wOHhk flakah" nexl=lrejkaf.a mqyqKq wdh;kh
iy ria: wOHdmk flakah jeks wdh;k u.ska O fl ld,Sk mqyqKq jevigyka ,nd foa
fld<U Yaj oHd,h iska laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò ih udisl maf,daud mdGud,djla h;a l<
o" idudkHfhka Yaj oHd, u.ska flfrk laIquq,HlrKh iòyd jQ Ydia;S%h mdGud,d iSud
iys; h
GTZ
wkq.%yfhka YS% ,xld nexl=lrejkaf.a wdh;kh yd uqo,a yd l<ukdlrKh ms<snò
*a/kala* oHd,fha tl;=fjka laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò maf,daud mdGud,djla ilia fjka

mj;S
m%uqL fmf<a laIquq,H wdh;k folla jk iSia iy iKi wdh;kj,g laIquq,HlrK mqyqKq
ls iòyd Tjqkaf.a u uOHia:dk ;snqK o tu myiql Nd;d flfrkqfha Tjqkaf.a u
ldhuKav, mqyqKq iòyd h iuqmldr wxYh yd iuDoa moaO;sh hgf;a o Tjqkaf.a ldh
uKav, mqyqKq ls iòyd wdh;k msysgqjd we;
35
Bg wu;r j" O l=vd yd uOHu mudKfha WmfoaYl wdh;k iska o laIquq,H wdh;k yd
Tjqkaf.a fiajd,dNSkag l<ukdlrK WmfoaYl fiajd yd jHjidh ixjOk fiajd iemfha
flfia jqjo" mqyqKq yd WmfoaYl fiajd imhkakka wdOdr wdh;k u; im%odhsl j hefmkafka"
laIquq,H wdh;kj, we;s im;a iSudjka ksid mqyqKq yd Od;d jOkh iòyd ho lsug
;r Yla;shla tu wdh;kj,g fkdue;s fyhsks jerg;a" fndfyda l=vd laIquq,H wdh;k
w;r fujeks fiajdjkaj, wjYH;dj ms<snò j we;af;a wvq ms<s.ekSuls
cd,
fuu lafIa;%h ksfhdackh lrkafka laIquq,H wdh;k cd,hla jk ,xld laIquq,H
jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh fyj;a
lankamicrofinance.com&
Lanka Microfinance Practitioners Association LMPA ^http://
isks fuu ix.ufha idudl;ajh 80la jk w;r" uQ,sl jYfhka rdcH
fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k yd wdh;ksl ûOHu ugf& fiajd imhkakka

lsysmhlska iuka;h wdrNfha ,xld laIquq,H cd,h f,iska y`kajkq ,enQ fuu ix.uh
2006 isg meje; tkakla jqj o ;ju;a we;af;a ixjOkfha uq,a wjfha h fuu ix.uh
GTZ
iy
ma,Eka Y%S ,xld wdh;kfhka iydh ,nhs

,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh wod< n,Odkag bm;a lsu iòyd fuu lafIa;%hg
wod< j m%;sm;a;s rduqjla ieliSug lghq;= lrk w;r" m%;sm;a;s ilikakka yd kshdulhka
iu. l;dj;la wdrN fldg we;
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Microfinance information eXchange Market&
^laIquq,H f;dr;=re yqjudre fjf<òfmd< fyj;a
o;a; .nvdjg iu.d j fuu lafIa;%hg wod< j o;a;
.nvdjla ilia flfrka mj;sk w;r tu.ska lafIa;%h ms<snò j wkd.; wOHhk iòyd
mokula ielfia
f;dr;=re wkdjrKh yd Kh ldhdxY

f;dr;=re wkdjrKh yd ksoNdjh lafIa;%h ;=< ;ju;a Yd, f,i mj;sk .egjla f,i
ie,flk w;r iuyr m%uqL fmf<a laIquq,H wdh;kj, ksoNdjh je lsf m%jK;djla
olakg ,ef th wdOdr wdh;kj, wjYH;djh u; fuka u ls%hdld;ajh jvd mq,a lsf
wruqo,a imdokh iòyd kj uQ,dY% fif o we;s jk wjYH;dj u; isjkakls f jk g
YS% ,xldf laIquq,H wdh;k 15la
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.nvdjg jd;d lrhs mdfNda.slhskaf.a Kh
f;dr;=re yqjudre fkdflf YS% ,xld Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYfha idudlhska f,i ishu
n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl=" n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= ^m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= o we;=j&" l,an
iud. iy uq,H wdh;k f Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYfha idudl;ajh fuu wdh;kj,g
w;HjYH h flfia jqjo" m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yd iq ugfuka laIquq,H jevigyka
36
mj;ajd f.k hk fjk;a l,an yd uq,H wdh;k yereKq fldg wfkl=;a laIquq,H wdh;k
Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYfha idudlhka fkdf fuu lafIa;%h md,kh lsu iòyd ffk;sl
rduqjla y`kajd kfyd;a idudl;ajh wksjdh u ksid wkd.;fha fuh fjkia h yelsh
Wiia ugf wdOdr wdh;k

Y%S ,xld laIquq,H lafIa;%h ;=< ls%hd;aul jk Yd, wdOdr wdh;k ;=kls tk" rch i;=
cd;sl ixjOk Ndrldr wruqo, ^NDTF&"
fkdf msys iafg%da mokfuka iydh ,nk
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wdh;kh hs
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Yd, yd uOH mudK laIquq,H wdh;k iòyd .Kkh l< uq,H f;dr;=re ;sf iuDoa
nexl= i;s .Kkh flfrkqfha iuDoa wldfhka jk w;r" iuqmldr .%dh nexl= iy
iKi i;s .Kkh flfrkqfha iuqmldr ixjOk fomd;fka;=j isks iud. mk;
hgf;a ixia:dms; m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yd laIquq,H wdh;k kS;shg wkqj jdIsl j
.Kkh l< hq;= h
rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;kj, .sKq .Kkh lsug odhla jk m%Odk idOlh
wdOdr wdh;kj, wjYH;dj hs lafIa;%h ms<snò j .Kklrejkaf.a kqf h ugul wvqjla
we;s w;r wdOdr wdh;k yd wfkl=;a mrNdrlrejka iska .Kk m%cdj w;f laIquq,H
lafIa;%h ms<snò kqu je lsf jeo.;alu ksrka;r j meye,s flf ;j rg;a" .Kkfha
.=Kd;aulNdjfha o fjkial we; - iuDoa nexl= i;s$iuqmldr .%dh nexl=$iliqrej yd
Kh iuqmldr i;s ixLHdjg idfmalaI j iuDoa wldh yd iuqmldr ixjOk
fomd;fka;=j i;= j we;af;a im;a iS; m%udKhls th .Kkfha .eUqr yd
.=Kd;aulNdjhg fuka u ksh; l,g .Kk jd;d Ndru flf n,mdhs
fm!oa.,sl .Kk wdh;k fhdod .ekSug l=vd ugf laIquq,H wdh;kj,g wmyiq jkafka ta
iòyd hk hou ord .ekSf fkdyelshdj h fujeks ho wdjrKh lr .ekSu iòyd wdOdr
wdh;k iska o iyfhda.hla fkdlaf laIquq,H wdh;k mk;a flgqm; ms<snò j YS% ,xld
uy nexl=j iska wdrN l< idlaPdf fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k iska fuu Ih
wjOdkhg ,la flK mk; u.ska n,m;% ,;a ishu laIquq,H wdh;kj,g iEu uq,H
jIhla wjidkfha u kshduk wldhg .Kk .sKq jd;djla wksjdh flf
37
f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh
laIquq,H lafIa;%h ;=< ikaksfok yd f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh fhdod .ekSu b;d iS; h uE;la
jk ;=re Yd, laIquq,H wdh;k mjd l%shd;aul jQfha ish,a, w;ska flfrk mokul isg h
l%shdldrl m.kl lrKh jQfha miq.sh jir my ;=< h wog;a" iuyr laIquq,H wdh;k ish
l%shdldrl m.kl lrKh l< o m%Yia; ugka moaO;sh Nd;hg .kakd wdh;k we;af;a
w;f,diails iqiq l<ukdlrK f;dr;=re moaO;sh;a we;af;a o w;f,diailg muKs fuys
iSudld idOlh jkafka m.kl idlaIr;djh wvqlu yd W;amdokh jkakd jQ f;dr;=re
Yaf,aIKh yd jrKh lrkafka flfia o hkak ms<snòj;a" th ie,iqlrKfha yd ;SrK
.ekSu iòyd fuj,ula f,i fhdod .kafka flfia o hkak ms<snòj;a kqj;aula fyda mqyqKqjla
ke;slu h
GTZ
wdh;kh iska m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= lsysmhlg yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H
wdh;k lsysmhlg laIquq,H fiajd iòyd u ilia l< uDldx.hla jk zuhsfl%dnEkalZ

^MicroBanker -MBWin& y`kajd fok , foAYsh jYfhka
MBWin
iòyd wdOdrl fiajd uOHia:dkhla
o ia:dms; flK g wu;r j" iuyr laIquq,H wdh;k iska Nd;d flfrk foaYSh j ieliQ
laIquq,H fiajd iòyd jQ uDldx. i` o we;
laIquq,H wdh;k w;f wka;cd,hg m%fYf yelshdj O fya;= u; iSud we; bka
m%Odk jYfhka u n,mdkafka hou" wjYH ugug h;, myiql fkdue;slu ^fYaIfhka u
.%dh m%foaYj, msysgqjd we;s laIquq,H wdh;k& yd ldhuKav,h i;= wvq bx.S%is kqu ksid
we;sjk NdId iSudjka h
38
rdcH m%;sm;a;sh
j;udkfha YS% ,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;%h inkaOfhka fYaI cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla ke; ta
ksid" laIquq,H uey;a" .%dh ixjOkh yd mam;al wju lsu17 ms<snò jeks wfkl=;a
m%;sm;a;s iu. inkalrKh lsf wdh;ksl hdka;%Khla o fkdue; laIquq,H uey;a
kshu jYfhka u idudkH mam;alu wju lr,Sf jevigykaj,g we;=<;a fldg we; wkql%l
rchka iska mam;alu wju lr,Su iòyd O jevigyka y`kajd fok ,( 1980 jirj,
we/UqK ckih jevigykg miqj 1990 jirj, iuDoa jevigyk y`kajd fokq ,enQ w;r"
b;d uE;l fuu .egj i`fu ys ,d j;auka md,lhka iska oi jirl ixjOk rduqj
/f.k zuyskao ka;khZ bm;a Ks mam;alu yd ne`kq ixjOk .eg b,lal fldg .;a
foaYSh mfhaIK wdh;khla jk zmam;alu Yaf,aIKh iòyd jQ uOHia:dkhZg wkqj
zfoaYmd,ksl wkq.%yh iy im;a wjNd;h fya;=fjka fuu O jevigykaj, M,odhS;djh
je<lS we; uyskao ka;kh hgf;a laIquq,H lafIa;%h ixjOkh lsf O Wmdhud.
fmkajd fohs ta w;r" lafIa;%h iòyd cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla yd Wmdh ud.hla wod< rdcH
wdh;kj, inkalrKfhka yd lafIa;%fha wfkl=;a mrNdrlrejkaf.a woyia uiSfuka
ilia lsu tlls bka lafjk wkaoug( ziqfYaIS m%;sm;a;shla yd wlaIK rduqjla fkdue;s
fyhska uQ,sl jYfhka ;sridr fkdjk laIquq,H wdh;k m%.=Kkh ug we;s bvlv je u
ksid md,kfha j, u" wdh;ksl iajdk;ajh òjeu" uq,H plaIK j,x.=Ndjh ke;sf
m%jK;djh" iy laIquq,H wdh;k yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdkj,g ;ekam;= f wdh;k njg
mj;kh f yd Tjqkaf.a b;sls l%shdldrl kshdukh iòyd wjia:d u.yehdula
isfZ
mrNdrlrejka iu. idlPd lsfuka wdrNhla f,i m%:u f,aLkh ilia l< o" uq,a
wjia:df m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkhla ilia lsug .;a W;aidyfhka lsis m%;sM,hla we;s fkdK
j;udkfha ,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh iska lafIa;%h ms<snò j b m%;sm;a;sh
iòyd ksfoaY ilia flfrka mj;S
laIquq,H lafIa;%h iòyd b,lal ieliSf uyskao ka;kfha fufia iòyka f( zb oYlh
;=< Y%S ,xldj ;=< iYS%l;ajfhka hq;= jQ o Yla;su;a jQ o laIquq,H lafIa;%hla ysjkq we; tu.ska
;sridr jQ o mam;alu b,lal fldg .;a;d jQ o uq,H myiql iemfhkq we; tu.ska laIq yd
17
uyskao ka;kh( kj YS% ,xldjlg laula
39
l=vd mudK jHdmdrj,g fuka u mam;a .Dyhkg o fkal O wjYH;d iòyd Kh ,nd fokq
we; b;sls l<ukdlrKh" mjrd yd rlaIK fiajdjka M,odhS yd ldhlaIu f,i mj;ajd
f.k hkq we;Z m%ldYkfhka .ska .g u iòyka lrk wkaoug" zfuu ixjOkhkaf.a
m%;sM,hla f,i rf /lshdj yd mam;alu ishhg 2 lska my; niSZ
cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla ilia lrkjdg wu;r j" fuu b,lal <`.d lr .ekSu iòyd Wmdhud.
f,i Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j yryd laIquq,H wdh;k iòyd kshduk yd wlaIK hdka;%Khla
ia:dms; lsu" rch iska l%shd;aul flfrk$md,kh flfrk laIquq,H wdh;k ^by< ugf
cd;sl ixjOk Ndrldr wruqo," iuqmldr .%dh nexl= iy iuDoa nexl= i;s& m%;sixfYdaOkh"
wdh;ksl ugka Od;d jOkh iy by< ugf laIquq,H wdh;k Yla;su;a lsu we;=<;a
f flfia fj;;a" fuu ie,iqu 2006 - 2016 ld,iSudj iòyd ieliqj o fuu jd;dj ,shk
wjia:dj jk g jir folla f. f.dia ;snqK o fuu Wmdhud. l%shdjg kexf ,d isj
;snqfKa iS; m%.;shla muKs
40
laIquq,H lafIa;%h iòyd wdOdr wdh;kj, wkq.%yh

;sia mka oyilg je msila urKhg m;a lrka yd 800"000lg je msila wj;eka lrka
2004 we;s jQ iqkdfhka miqj" YS% ,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;%h iòyd jQ wdOdr wdh;kj, iydh
ie,lsh hq;= ugka by< .sfha h fuh YS% ,xld b;sydih mqrdjg u we;s jQ oreKq; u
fojdplh jQ w;r" bka wjik we;s jQ kdYfhka f.dv tau iòyd rg ikakoaO j fkdisfha
h ia;%slal 25ka 13la u wdjrKh jk m uqyqlrfhka ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhla Bg f.dre h
h<sf.dvkexf yd ixjOk wldh ;lafiare l< wkaoug 150"000 l muK msilf.a
jfkdamdhhka fuu jHikh ksid wys h Bg f.dre jQ msif.ka 80]lf.a m%Odk wdodh
W;amdok ud.h ke;s jQ w;r" 90] lf.a M,odhS j;al wys h jr ludka;h" ixpdrl
jHdmdrh" fmfyludka;h" fldyq ludka;h iy jvq ludka;h jeks lafIa;hkag wh;a jQ
laIq yd iq jHdmdr jefhka u ka mdvq ,enQ tajd h18
jHikh ksudu;a iu. foaYShhkaf.ka wdOdr rg;=<g .,d tau we/K wdrNl iyk fiajd
whfrka miq j t<eUqkq mqkre;a:dmk yd m%;sixialrK whr hgf;a fhdod .ekSu iòyd
laIquq,H wdh;kj,g fhduq l< wdOdr o g we;=<;a h wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j ÂDB&"
cd;Hka;r ifhda.s;dj ms<snò cmdk nexl=j ^JBIC&" iy tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixjOk jevigyk
ÛNDP& jeks Yd, nyq-mdYah yd oa-mdYah wdh;k iska Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iy cd;sl
ixjOk Ndrldr wruqo, yryd laIquq,H wxYhg wdOdr ,nd fok , iuyr wdOdr wdh;k
fl,ska u tjlg meje;s rdcH fkdjk ixOdk yd laIquq,H wdh;k yryd lghq;= l< w;r"
iuyr wdh;k laIquq,H jevigyka w;ska ia:dms; flreKs ta ol=Kq m<d; jeks ie,lsh hq;=
ugul laIquq,H wdh;kj, ksfhdackhla we;s m%foaYj, h tjeks jevigyka j, ;sridrnj
ms<snò iel iys; w;r fuu jd;dj ielfik wjia:dj jk g;a fndfyda fok ish
l%shdld;ajh k;r fldg ;sK fndfyda wjia:dj, laIqKh hkq idudkHfhka wdOdr
wdh;k iska iydh jk nyq-wdxYsl jevigyka j, tla wx.hla muKs
CGAP
fj;ska u;= l<
m nyq-wdxYsl jevigyka iska fjf<òfmd< ydkshla ug bv we;af;a tajd uq,H fYaI{hka

iska ksudKh fkdu ksid h wdOdr yd iyk iys; Khj, Y%Khla f,iska .,d wd wruqo,a
fya;=flg f.k Kh f.jd f ixialD;shg o h ugul ydkshla iy ;sridr fkdjq Kh
f l%u ia:dms; lsula o is h
18
Review of Post-tsunami Microfinance in Sri Lanka GirijaSrinivasan and IPS, 2008
41
wdOdr fok wdh;kj, cd,hla inkalrKh
GTZ
wdh;kh hgf;a ia:dms; flK ta" wdOdr
wdh;kj, laIquq,H uey;a inkalrKhg;a" tlu fiajdj wdh;k lsysmhlska tlu

m%foaYhlg ,nd u je<elau yd iEu m%foaYhlg u iu fia fiajd iemhSu iòyd f;dr;=re
yqjudre lr .ekSug;a h fuu f;dr;=re
.; yels h 2006
CGAP CLEAR
www.microfinance.lk
fj wvh Tiafia wjYH g ,nd
uYkhg wkqj" cd;Hka;r wdh;k 30lg je m%udKhla YS%
,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;%hg Wo lrk w;r 2005 olajd wfuldkq fvd, ,shk 200la fjka
fldg we;s w;r 2005 iy bka bhg wfuldkq fvd, ,shk 85la fjka fldg we;19 flfia
jqjo" mYapd;a-iqkd l%shdldrl wjika u;a iu." YS% ,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;% ;=< ie,lsh
hq;= ugf wdOdr wdh;kj,ska wruqo,a imdokfha my; jeula 2007 isg fmkakq flf
laIquq,H fiajd iòyd ,enqKq mYapd;a-iqkd wdOdrj,g mndysr j" lafIa;%hg wdOdrl iydh
,enqfKa k ta wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j" cd;Hka;r iyfhda.s;dj iòyd jQ cmdk nexl=j iy
GTZ
wdh;kh jeks nyq-mdYah yd oa-mdYah wdh;k j,sks cd;Hka;r iyfhda.s;dj iòyd
jQ cmdk nexl= wdOdr hgf;a YS% ,xld uy nexl=fjka l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk mam;alu wju
lr,Sf laIquq,H jHdmD;sh ^PAMP& wjidk Kh,dNshd olajd wruqo,a f.k hkq ,nkafka
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yryd h fuu jHdmD;sfha fojeks whr <`.u we/ug ksh; h
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl= wdOdr hgf;a l%shd;aul jk .%dh uq,H wxY ixjOk jevigyk
^Rural Finance Sector Development Programme - RFSDP& iska .%dh m%foaYhka ys l%shd;aul jk m%Odk
wdxYl wdh;k Yla;su;a lsu iòyd wfuldkq fvd, ,shk 77la fjka fldg we; fuu
jevigyk ksudKh fldg we;af;a m%;sm;a;s kej; ilia lsu ;=<ska ;sridr .%dh uq,H
moaO;shla ia:dms; lsu yd .%dh uq,HlrKh" ldhlaIu fiajd iemhqu" lafIa;% wlaIKh iy
jHdma;sh mq,a lsu iòyd wjYH mqyqKq iemhSfuka .%dh uq,H lafIa;%fha l%shdldrl jehqKq
lsu wruqKq fldg f.k h
Yd, jevigykla jk fuh" u.fmkaf m%;sm;a;s" Wmldrl ffk;sk yd kshduk rduqj"
;sridrnj iòyd wdh;ksl m%;sixfYdaOk" b,au mdYajh Yla;su;a lsu" .egq ksid mSvd `
m%foaYj,g .%dh uq,H fiajd jHdma; lsu jeks wx. lsysmhlska iuka; h fuu wx. hgf;a
l%shdldrl f,i f.dkq jkfka" cd;sl ixjOk Ndrldr wruqo," iuqmldr .%dh nexl= yd
iuDoa nexl= i;s fYaIfhka b,lal fldg .kska lafIa;%fha Od;d jOkh uq,H h;,
myiql ixjOkh .%dh uq,H wdh;k m%;sjHqylrKh yd laIq Kh iemhSu yryd .%dh
19
Country-Level Effectiveness and Accountability Review, Sri Lanka CGAP, 2006 and CGAP Portfolio: Issue 4, July 2006
42
jHdmdr ixjOkh hk tajd h .%dh uq,H wxY jevigyk hgf;a laIquq,H wdh;k mk;
ilia lsu o wdrN h
2007 foien ui iS; id:l;ajhlska hq;= j l%shd;aul jQ fuu jevigyk wjika h jvd;a
id:l jQfha Od;d jOk l%shdldrl h ta" mqyqKq im;a ixiohla msysgqjd .ekSug yelsu;a
O mqyqKq mj;ajkakg yelsu;a ksidh flfia jqjo" fuu im;a wdh;ksl jHqyhlg f.dkq
lr.ekSug wfmdfydi;a jQ fyhska fuu im;a lafIa;%h mqrd is mj;sk w;r ;sridr
mokulska hq;= j tla tal wdh;ksl ugka mqyqKq ,nd f yelshdj iS; h iuqmldr .%dh
nexl= iy iudoa nexl= i;s jeks uq,H wdh;k m%;sixfYdaOkh yd m%;sjHqylrKh iòyd
bm;a jQ fhdackdj g o mrNdrlrejkaf.a n,mEu u; ls%hd;aul lsug fkdyels h
Od;d jOkh iòyd ;dlaIKsl iydh" Kh ,ndu iòyd jQ uq,H iydh yd ixikaokh lsf
iS; h f;dard .;a wdh;k iòyd ;dlaIKsl iydh ,ndug lghq;= l< wdh;k w;r
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j"
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yd ma,Eka wdh;kh o h fjk;a wdOdrl jevigykaj, o ;dlaIKsl iydh we;=<;a
fldg ;snqK o fndfyda jevigykaj, th l=vd wx.hla h Od;d jOkfha foaYSh Od;dj
f.dv k.kjd fjkqjg is jQfha , wl cd;Hka;r im;a je jYfhka fhdod .ekSuls
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fm%dia ^laIquq,H wxY m%jOk& jevigyk yryd cudkq ixjOk iyfhda.s;d wruqo, iska
wjqre 4 l ^2005 -2009& ld,iSudjlg hg;a j ;dlaIKsl iydhl fiajd iòyd fjka fldg we;s
uqo, hqfrda ,shk y;rls fuu jevigyk idj-" wdh;ksl- yd laIq ugj, lghq;= lrka
;sridr foaYSh wdh;k yslsug foaYSh Od;dj f.dv kexf m%h;akhl fhfoa tys m%;sM,
lsysmhls tk" wdh;ksl ugf zuhsfl%danEkalZ uDldx.h iòyd f;dr;=re ;dlaIK iydhl
fiajd uOHia:dkhla msysgqu ;dlaIKsl fiajd imhkakkaf.a Od;dj je lrka laIquq,H
mqyqKqj yd WmfoaYl fiajd wdh;kslrKh lsu iy laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò Ydia;%Sh jevigyka
foaYSh wdh;k ;=< ia:dms; lsu hs fuu uey;a yryd wfmalaId lrkqfha wdOdrl
wdh;kj, iydh fkdue;sj ,`.d lr .; fkdyels" , wl cd;Hka;r WmfoaYlhka yd fiajd
imhkakka u; foaYSH laIquq,H wdh;k hemSu wju lsuhs
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cd,h iska Y%S ,dxlsl laIquq,H mrNdrlrejka iòyd laIquq,HlrKh yd jHik
l<ukdlrKh ms<snò mqyqKq w;afmd;
(Microfinance and Disaster management Trainers Manual)
fkdf,a ,nd .ekSu iòyd myiql imhd we;s w;r ta iòyd miq.sh jif jevuqjla
meje;aK fuu m%ldYkh isxy, yd fou< nig mj;kh fldg we; YS% ,dxlsl laIquq,H
wdh;k lsysmhla" reyqKq Yaj oHd,h yd iKi jeks
BWTP
idudlhska iska b,a fldg
uE;l m%ldYh m;a flreKq laIquq,H iyfhda.S;d iòyd Od;d jOkh ms<snò mqyqKq
43
w;afmd;
(Capacity Building for Partnerships in Microfinance Trainers Manual)
fkdf,a ,nd f.k we;s
w;r" ish mqyqKq jevigykaj, th fhdod .ekSug o Tjqyq n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s

BWTP
cd,fhka ,nd fok iydhhka w;r YS% ,dxlsl idudlhskag uE;l yefkdahs yS
mj;ajk ,o wdishdkq laIquq,H ixioh" ;dlaIKsl iydhl jevigyk ksudKfha mqfrda.d jQ

BWTP
;dlaIKsl iydhl /iau jeks l,dmSh iuka;%K yd jevuqj,g iyNd.S u iòyd
wruqo,a ,nd u we;=<;a f ,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.ufha wdishdkq cd, iuqj
ixOdkfha fldgialrejl= f,i
BWTP
iydh lajQfha wkd.;fha jvd;a ia:dms; jQ cd,
inò;d iòyd Wo lsf wfmalaIdfjks
wdOdrl wdh;k ueosy;aj, M,odhS;djh(

Wmdh ud.sl meye,s;djh yd fhda.H;dj ldh uKav, Od;dj fhda.H fuj,
.sKqlghq;=Ndjh kqu l<ukdlrKh hk M,odhS wdOdr ms<snò
mok fldg f.k lrk ,o YS% ,xldf
CGAP CLEAR
CGAP
uOH uQ,Ou my
uYkh u.ska rf wdOdrl wdh;k
uey;aj, M,odhS;djh wOHhkh lrk , tu ;lafiaref m%;sM,20 my; idrdxY .;

fldg we;(
Wmdhud.sl meye,s;djh yd fhda.H;djh( fydò l%shdud. ms<snò j jOkh fjka

mj;sk kqj;aNdjhla yd imQK uq,H moaO;sh ms<snòj h ;rul ie,ls,su;aNdjhla
mej;=k o laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò j meye,s laula iuia; jYfhka .;a l, wdOdr
wdh;kj,g ke;
GTZ yd
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j jeks wdOdr wdh;k Tjqkaf.a jHdmD;s
inkaOfhka zuq,H moaO;s m%fYhZ fhdod .kakd w;r" we.hSfuka zlaIquq,H lafIA;%h ;=<
fydò inkalrKhlska f;dr j lghq;= lrk O oYkhkaf.ka hq;a O wdOdr
wdh;k /il m%.=Kkhla we;s nj yd wdOdr wdh;k iq ixLHdjla ;sridrnj flf
wjOdkh fhduq lrk njZ o fidhd .eKsk
ldhuKav, Od;dj( h ;rul ;dlaIKsl Od;djla ;snqK o laIquq,H wxYh ;=<

flfrka mj;sk iqfYaI wdfhdack m%udKhg idfmalaI j th m%udKj;a ke; fYaIfhka
u Od;d jOkh m%Odk wjYH;djla jk YS% ,xldj .;a l," laIquq,H lafIa;%h iòyd ;Sr
ugfuka ;dlaIKsl fhojq wjYH f
GTZ yd
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=f
fldka;%d;alrejka jeks ;dlaIKsl jevigyka ls%hd;aul lrkakka yereKq g laIquq,H

fYaI{hka .Khg .efkk wdh;k" wOdr wdh;k w;f ke;
20
Country-Level Effectiveness and Accountability Review, Sri Lanka CGAP, 2006
44
fhda.H fuj,( Od;d jOkh fjkqfjka fjka lrk uqo,a j,g tfrysj Kh wruqo,a
jYfhka fhdojk uqo,a fuka u" rdcH yd nyq-wdxYsl jevigykaj, Kh wxY yryd muKg
jvd .,d tk wdOdr ie,ls,a,g .ekSf we;af;a wiunr;djls idudkHfhka m%d.aOkh
Od;dj wkq.ukh l< hq;= h Kh iòyd wdfhdackh flfrk wruqo,a wka;.%yKh iòyd
wjYH Od;df wvqjla we;
uYkhg wkqj" fmkakq flfrk moaO;sfha jYS,;djh ie,ls,a,g .ekSf Kh
m%d.aOkh f,i Yd, wdfhdackhla lsu wjYH fkdf wdOdr wdh;kj, ldhNdrh h
hq;af;a foaYSh fjf<òfmdf<ka wruqo,a .,kh iòyd myiql iemhSu yd mdfNda.sl
wjYH;d imqrd,Su iòyd wdh;kj, Od;djh je lsuhs flfia jqjo" rch yryd wruqo,a
imdokfha wjidk mdfNda.slhd ^Kh,dNshd& ksl=;a flfrk Kh inkaOfhka
fldkafoais mekug bv we;s fyhska" l<ukdlrejkag ish laIuq,H wdh;k ;sridr j
mj;ajd f.k hdug we;s bvlv weysula ish yels h fgl" wdOdr wdh;k
ueosy;a ;=<ska fh wud;HdxY yryd laIquq,H wruqo,a imhka O rdcH jevigyka
iòyd iydh laf " uq,H fiajd imhkakl= f,i fhda.H fkdjkakd jQ rdcH N+ldjla
Yla;su;a flfrk nj we.hSfuka u;= jQ ;j;a lreKls
.sKqlghq;=Ndjh( laIquq,H lafIa;%h ;=< wdOdr wdh;k u.ska ish wruqo,a ms<snò j
wlaIKh yd we.hSula is fkdlrk nj fmkS .sh ne we.hS jd;df iòyka h
iuyr wdOdr wdh;k Tjqkaf.a wdOdr Kh,dNSkaf.a k jeks wkjYH f;dr;=re /ialsfuka
wlaIKh lrk w;r idudkHfhka ms<s.;a ldhM< ksKdhl u; f;dr;=re /ia fkdlrk
nj bka u;= l< lreKls fufia wdOdr wdh;k iska Tjqkaf.a wruqo,a ms<snò j
jqjukdjlska hq;= j wlaIK lghq;= fkdlsu fuu ludka;fha ksoNdjhla fkdue;s
ug odhl we;
kqu l<ukdlrKh( wdOdr wdh;k" cd;Hka;r wdh;k" iy l%shdOrhka w;f yd

tlsfkld iu. mj;ajkafka wvq inkalrKhls
GTZ
iska inkalrKh flfrk
wdOdr wdh;k cd,h yryd inkalrKhla we;s lsug W;aidy l< o" we.hSf meye,s
jQfha Y%S ,xld laIquq,H fj wvfhka
(www.microfinance.lk) Tng
f;dr;=re fnod.ekSula is
jQfha k ta b;d iq jYfhka nj h
45
m%Odk wNsfhda.
YS% ,xldf laIquq,H lafIa;%hg .= b;sydihla ;snqK o" wdh;k Yd, ixLHdjla laIquq,H
lghq;=j, fhK o" tajdfha ;sridrnj" mkduh yd wka;lrK uq,H moaO;sh yd ne`kq .eg
inkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lrkakg jD;a;slhka" m%;sm;a;s ilikakka yd wfkl=;a
mrNdrlrejka fm<Uqfka uE;l h lafIa;%h ;=< wNsfhda. fndfyduhla mj;sk w;r" tajd
idj-" wdh;ksl- yd laIq hk ug ieull u mj;S
idj ugu
m%Odk wNsfhda.h .=ld,Sk laula fkdue;su yd lafIa;%h iòyd m%;sm;a;shla fkdue;su

hs fuh rcfha oi jirl ie,eiau jk uyskao ka;kfha o iòyka jk w;r" ta wkqj
m%;sm;a;shl wvqj u;= j we;af;a .%dh ixjOkh iòyd ilia jQ wfkl=;a m%;sm;a;s iu.
laIquq,H uey;a inkalrKh iòyd wdh;ksl hdka;%Khla fkdue;sf m%;sM,hla
f,isks
laIquq,HlrKh inkaOfhka kshdukh yd wlaIKh iòyd rduqjla fkdue;slu

l%shdOrhka" wdOdr wdh;k yd wfkl=;a mrNdrlrejka iska u;= lrkakd jQ m%Odk
idOlhls fuh laIquq,H wdh;kj, mkduhg yd jHdma;shg ndOdjls mj;sk moaO;sh ;=<
wlaIK j.lS O wdh;k w;f ^YS% ,xld uy nexl=j" iuqmldr ixjOk
fomd;fka;=j" iuDoa wldh wd jYfhka& fn f.dia we;s w;r tla tla wdh;kfhka
wdh;khg fjkia jk m%;Skag wkqj is flf rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k
l%shdld;ajh wmeye,s h ksh; jYfhka u tajdfha kshdukh fyda wlaIKhla is fkdf
uyskao ka;kh fuu .egj y`kdf.k we;( ziqfYaIS wlaIK yd m%;sm;a;s rduqjla
^laIquq,HlrKh iòyd& fkdue;slu ;sridr meje;aula fkdue;s laIquq,H wdh;k

m%.=Kkhg bv we;Z flfia jqjo" ish,a, wdjrKh flfrk kshduk yd wlaIK rduqjl
wjYH;dj inkaOfhka ks, ms<s.ekSula mej;sh o" YS% ,xld uy nexl=j iska iQodk l<
uq,a flgqm;ska Tng m%.;shla olakg ke; laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka Yd, ixLHdjla
wlaIKh lsu iòyd YS% ,xld uy nexl=f Od;dj flf we;s wjOdkh yd f ishu
wdh;k kshdukh lsf yd wlaIKh lsf wjYH;djla we;e hs fkdu. hjk iq
ye`.Su kS;suh rduqjla y`kajdf m%udohg m%Odk fya;=jla we;
46
YS% ,xldf
CGAP CLEAR
we.hSfuka o my; lafjk idj ugf wNsfhda. fmkajd fokq ,nhs(
iuDoa nexl= i;sj, yd iuqmldr .%dh nexl=j, we;s b;sls wlaIKh m%udKj;a
ke; fuh by; lreK yd inkaOh kg mj;sk moaO;sh hgf;a iuqmldr .%dh nexl=
wlaIKh flfrkqfha iuqmldr ixjOk fomd;fka;=j u.ska m<d;a ugf iuqmlddr
flduidiajrka yd ia;%sla ks,Odka isks ^tfyhska th b`rd u iajhx-kshdukhls& tfia
u" iuDoa nexl= i;s o ndysr jYfhka wlaIKhla fkdflf Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j w;S;fha
fydò kshduk yd wlaIKhla fkdue;s j iuDoa nexl= i;s iska Yd, m%udKfha
b;sls /ia lsf wjodku fmkajd ks
foaYmd,kSlrKh rchg wh;a iy$fyda rcfha md,kh hgf;a mj;sk laIquq,H wdh;kj,g
n,mdkakd jQ uQ,sl .egjls iuDoa jeks laIquq,H jevigyka fndfyda g foaYmd,k
fuj, f,i fhdod .efka fndfyda wjia:dj, laIquq,H fiajdjka iqnidOkh yd
mg,jd .efkk w;r fmd,S rys; Kh fyda iykodhS fmd,S l%u hgf;a Kh ,nd ug
n,mE we;s flf fuu iykodhS fmd,S wkqmd; iu. ;r. lsf yelshdj fkdue;s
fuka fm!oa.,sl laIqKh fiajd imhkakkaf.ka Kh,dNSka wE;au isf ue;sjrKhlg
fmr ckaoh ,nd .ekSu iòyd foaYmd,k{hska yd foaYmd,k mlaI iska fYaIfhka u"
rchg wh;a fyda rcfha md,kh hgf;a mj;sk laIquq,H wdh;kj,g Kh,dNSkaf.ka whh
hq;= ys`. Kh uqo,a lmd ykake hs n,mE lsu w;a fohla fkdf
CGAP CLEAR
we.hSf iòyka jQ ;j;a lreKq w;r iuqmldr .%dh nexl= jeks mam;=ka
fjkqfjka jQ wdh;k m%;sixOdkfha wjYH;dj o h wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j iska wruqo,a

iemhQ .%dh uq,H wxY ixjOk jevigyk iska iuqmldr .%dh nexl=" O fiajd iuqmldr
i;s iu. we;s inkaO;djfhka ksoyia fldg iajdk laIquq,H wdh;k f,i mj;kh
lsug W;aidy l< o th id:l fkdK iuDoa moaO;sh m%;sixOdkh lsug rE m%h;akh o
iS; id:l;ajhla fmkakq lf<a h
wdh;ksl ugu
wruqo,a ms<snò .egj( 2006
CLEAR
uYkh iska iòyka flrefKa by< ugf mj;sk
Nd; d fkdjQ wruqo,a m%udKh laIquq,H wxYh uqyqK fok wNsfhda.hla njhs fufia
wruqo,a fnod yeu my< ugul mej;Sfuka fmkakq lrkqfha
laIquq,H wdh;kj, iS;
Wkkaj fyda wruqo,a ,nd.ekSf Od;djh hs imdokh flfrk wruqo,a yd ne`kq

fldkafoais fuka u ndOdjla f,i ikd: jQ ;ks wdh;k jYfhka b,a l< yels wruqo,a
47
iSudjka o Yd, yd f.fhka jefvk" wruqo,a imhk by< ugf wdh;k jYfhka ksl=;a
lsug leue;s Kh wdOdr m%udKhkag jvd je m%udKhla ,nd .ekSf fkdyelshdj o
laIquq,H wdh;kj, Wkkaj fkdue;sug fya;= h yels h
foaYSh jdKsc uq,H wdh;kj,g f;d. Kh ksl=;a lsf wdh;k f,i ldhNdrhla bgq l<
yels jqj o laIquq,H lafIa;%hg wj;SK jkakg Tjqka miqng jkafka th wjodk je
l%shdldrlula f,i Tjqka i,lk fyhsks iqkd jevigyka wjika u;a iu. wdOdr
wdh;kj, wruqo,aj, o wvqula olakg ,ef fyd`ka l%shd;aul jk laIquq,H wdh;k
ms<snò Wkkajla olajk foaYSh laIquq,H wdOdr wdh;k Yd, ixLHdjla ;snqK o" iSud
iys; ffk;sl mirh yd foaY ksuh wldf.ka wjir ,nd .ekSf .= yd Ialr
ls%hdj,sh fndfyda NjH foaYSh wdOdr wdh;k j<lajd,Sf idOl we;
fYaIs; laIquq,H mqyqKq myiql m%udKj;a fkdu laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka iska uq,H
wdh;k njg mj;kh ug yd , wvq wdOdr wdh;kj, wruqo,a is` hk wjia:djl" ish
ls%hdld;ajh mq,a lsu iòyd jdKsc wdfhdaclhskaf.ka wruqo,a weo .ekSug wjYH m%;Ska
fj; <`.dug fkdyelsug odhl we; uyskao ka;kh fuu .egj fmkajd fokafka
fufia h( zlaIqu,HlrKh ms<snò fYaIs; mqyqKq yd mfhaIK iòyd wdh;k fkdue;slu
m%Odk .egjls iuyr rdcH wdh;k yd rdcH fkdjk ixOdk iska mj;ajkq ,nk mqyqKq
jevigyka lafIa;%fha ish wjYH;d imqrd,kafka ke; laIquq,H wdh;k nyq;rhlf.a
wjYH;djla jk laIquq,H lafIa;%fha YsIag ls%hdud. yd .e,fmkakd jQ mD:q,
IhksfoaYhla Tjqka iska fkd iemfha iuyr wO-u;a laIquq,H wdh;k tjeks
mqyqKqj, wjYH;dj ms<snò kqj;a ke; ;jrg;a" YajoHd, u.ska mj;ajk
laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò Ydia;S%h mdGud,d o ke;21 wvq m%;Sfhka hq;a wdfhdack l<U
l<ukdld;ajh" wvq iqiql iys; ldhuKav," meye,s jHdmdr ixl,amj, wvqj" h,a
mek.sh .sKq m%;Ska yd m%d:l ugf f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh jeks laIquq,H wxYfha
wia:dhS iajNdjhg yd j,;djkg mqyqKq yd mfhaIK lghq;=j, ys`.lu odhl we;Z
CGAP CLEAR
we.hSfuka o fmkajd kafka foaYSh laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò fYaIs; mqyqKq we;af;a
iS; m%udKhla nj;a tu lafIa;%hg fiajh lsu iòyd laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò j

fYaI{Ndjfhka hq;a WmfoaYlhka o we;af;a w;f,diaila nj;a h fuys m%;sM,hla f,i ,
wl foaYSh mqyqKq yd WmfoaYlhka ms<snò j wiS; Yajdihla f.dv ke.sK bx.S%is niska
mj;ajkq ,nk foaYSh mqyqKq jevigyka iòyd uOHu ugf yd lafIa;% ugf ldh
uKav,j,g <`.dh fkdyelafla NdId kqu ms<snò j we;s .eg ksid h
21
fld<U Yaj oHd,h iska uE;l laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò 6 uil maf,daud mdGud,djla y`kajd fok ,
fuh foaYSh Yaj oHd,hlska mj;ajk tjeks mdGud,djkaf.a m<uq jekak hs
48
wdOdr wdh;k Od;d jOkh inkaOfhka orkafka iS; wjOdkhla ne iòyka flreKq
CLEAR
uYkh u.ska wdOdr wdh;k iska Kh u iòyd wruqo,a imdokhg tfrys j
Od;d jOkh .;a l, we;af;a wiunr;djla nj fmkajd ks
rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;kj,ska ie ,;a cd,hla jk ,xld laIquq,H

jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh
(LMPA)
ixjOkh ie,l+ l, ;ju;a we;af;a uq,a wjia:dj, h
lafIa;%h fjkqfjka bm;a ug yd thg y`vla ,nd ug Yla;su;a jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uhla

iòyd m%Odk wjYH;djla we; laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh iska f inkaOfhka h
uey;a we/Uqj o ;j fndfyda oE l< hq;= j we; laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh Yd,
laIquq,H wdh;k lsysmhla iska yiqrjk w;r i;H jYfhka u lafIa;%fha ksfhdackhla
iòyd m<d;a ugf l=vd wdh;kj,g Yla;su;a y`vla ke.Sug wjia:dj ie,iSf
wjHY;djla fmfka
lafIa;%h ;=< kqu ,ndu yd f;dr;=re yqjudrej iS;h fuu lreK inkaOfhka O
me;s we; laIquq,H fmd;am;a yd mqyqKq jH bx.S%isfhka muKla ;su ksid we;sjk
NdId .egj bka tlls wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=f
RFSDP
jevigyk iy
GTZ
fm%dia
jevigyk jeks wdOdr wdh;k iska wkq.%yh olajk jevigyka yryd iuyr ,sms f,aLk
foaYSh NdIdjkag mj;kh lsug m%h;ak rej o kg ;sfnkakd jQ fYaIfhka u W;=f
iy kef.kysr Nd; flfrk fou< niska ,shejqk tjeks m%ldYk iS; h l,dmSh yd
cd;Hka;r fydò ls%hdud. j,g ksrdjrKh f yd bka bf.k .ekSf wjia:d .s,syS
hdug;a bka wE;a ug;a fuh n,md we; ,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uhg f
inkaOfhka ldhNdrhla we;s w;r l,dmSh inò;d ia:dms; lsu ;=<ska kqu ,nd u
iòyd myiqldrlhl= f,i lghq;= l< yels h f inkaOfhka ,xld laIquq,H
jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh iska l< hq;= ;j;a fndfyda foa we;
.Kkh" ;lafiare lsu yd f;dr;=re moaO;s iud.j, fYaIs; Od;djh wju ugul
mej;Su rg ;=< idudkH .Kk Od;djh m%udKj;a ugul meje;sh o fndfyda
.Kldldkag laIquq,H lafIa;%h inkaOfhka fYaIs; kqula fkdue; iuDoa nexl=
i;s iy iuqmldr .%dh nexl=$iKi iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s .Kkh
flfrkqfha ms<sfj<ska iuDoa wldh yd iuqmldr ixjOk fomd;fka;=j isks ta
fuu wdh;k iska ieliqkq fYaIs; m%;Skag wkqj h fndfyda rdcH fkdjk ixOdk laIquq,H wdh;k .Kkh iòyd fhdod .kafka l=vd" wm%lg .Kk iud. h lafIa;%h
49
ms<snò kqu fkdue;slu fy<sor lrka ksrjoH fkdjQ j.SlrKhka iu. jQ fuu
.Kkh l< f;dr;=rej, .=Kd;aulNdjh ms<s.; yels ugul fkdue;
foaYSh laIquq,HlrK fYaIs; f;dr;=re moaO;s imhkakka we;af;a iq ixLHdjls wdydr yd
lDIslu ixOdkh ^FAO)/GTZ iska ixjOkh l< uhsfl%danEkal moaO;sh
GTZ
fm%dia
jvigyk yryd iuyr m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k fj; y`kajd
fok ,
GTZ
wkq.%yfhka m%dfoaYSh fiajd uOHia:dkhla o ia:dms; flKs wdishdkq
ixjOk nexl=f
RFSDP
jevigyk iska foaYSh j ixjOkh flreKq uDldx.hla
iuqmldr .%dh nexl= fj; y`kajd fok , ;j;a foaYSh j ksudKh flreKq zfifkdajdZ
kue;s laIq nexl=lrK uDldx.hla rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k lsysmhla
iska Nd; flf
YS% ,xldf l%shd;aul jk ;lafiare wdh;k fol ;=< u laIquq,H wdh;k ;lafiare lsf
yelshdj ke;s w;r l,dmSh$cd;Hka;r im;a fhdod .ekSu o , wl h uQ,sl uYk
j,ska wkdjrKh flrefKa f olajd fuu wdh;kj,ska ie,lsh hq;=
wjOdkhla ,nd .ekSug laIquq,H lafIa;%hg fkdyelsj we;af;a jdKsc ugf wruqo,a
imdolhka wdlYkh lr .; yels wkaoka ixjOkh we;af;a laIquq,H wdh;k iq
ixLHdjla muKla u ksid h tfyhska ;lafiarelrejkg fuu fjf<òfmd< l=vd jeh
Kh f;dr;=re fnod fkd.ekSu
CLEAR
we.hSfuka u;= fldg la jQ lafIa;%hg we;s ;j;a
wNsfhda.hls fYaIfhka u 2004 iqkd jHikhg miq wdOdr .,d tau;a iu. laIquq,H
wdh;kj, mdfNda.slhka iska wdh;k lsysmhlska tljr Kh .ekSf fm<Uula
olakg ,eK f fya;=fjka Kh,dNSka h fkdyels Khn;Ndjhlg m;aug wu;r j
laIquq,H wdh;kj, Kh wjodk wkqmd;h o je lsug iu;a h YS% ,xld Kh f;dr;=re
ldhdxYfha iudl;ajh ,nd f.k we;af;a n,m;%,;a jdKsc nexl=" fYaIs; nexl=" l,an
iud. yd uq,H iud. muKs wkd.; kS;suh rduqj iska YS% ,xld Kh f;dr;=re
ldhdxYfha idudl;ajh wksjdh l<fyd;a i ta iòyd jk ho f.ug olajk
ue<slu ksid iafPdfjka ta iòyd iyNd.sjkakg laIquq,H wdh;k bm;au
n,dfmdfrd;a;= h fkdyels h
laIq ugu
udkj im;aj, .=Kd;aulNdjh laIauq,H wdh;kj, ldhuKav,fha .=Kd;aulNdjh yd

yelshd ugu iEu wdh;k j.hl u olakg ,efnk .egjls laIquq,H wdh;k ms<snò
50
GTZ
ilaIKfha o ldhuKav, .eg fndfyda wdh;kj, m%Odk wNsfhda. 5 w;rg
jeK tfia jqj o" tu .egj,g fya;= wdh;k j. wkqj fjkia h iuDoa nexl= i;s
fiajlhka muKg jvd je f .egjg uqyqK fokafka foaYmd,ksl wruqKq <`.d
lr .ekSu iòyd foaYmd,k iydhlhkag /lshd iemhSug th fhdod .kakd fyhsks iKi
i;s lghq;= lrkqfha Yd, msilf.ka iuka; iafPd ldhuKav,hla yryd h
tfyhska wod< iqiql iys; mqoa.,hska fjk;a ia:dkj, by< f;k iys; iar /lshd
iòyd fhduqfuka wvq iqiql iys; wh muKla iafPdfjka i;sj, mqrmamdvq mqrj;s
ria: .%dh m%foaYj, rcld lrk laIquq,H fiajd imhkakka iòyd jQ idfmalaIj wvq
jegqma yd Ialr jevlsf ;;a;ajhka o .=Kd;aufhka hq;a fiajlhka weo .ekSf yd
ròjd .ekSf .egjg odhl jk idOl f rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k
fndfyduhla iudc fiajd wdh;k f,i wdrN jQ fyhska" tajdfha fiajlhka ;=< ;ju;a
we;af;a zixjOk yd iudc iqnidOkZ m%fYh hs uq,H fiajd jHdmdrhla l<ukdlrKh
lsf ldhh iòyd Tjqka iqiq ke; .sKqlrKh" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh yd udkj im;a
l<ukdlrKh ms<snò uQ,sl kqu iuia;hla jYfhka .;a l, b;d my< h fuys m%;sM,hla
f,i fYaIfhka u fofjks fm< ûOH& l<ukdlrK ugu ie,ls,a,g .ekSf o j,
ixOdk ys we;
zu;a nexl=Z f,i ie,flk m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= yereKq fldg lafIa;%fha wfkl=;a
fiajd imhkakka .egjlg uqyqK fokafka rdcH nexl= yd fm!oa.,sl iud. fj;ska
/lshd wfmalaIs; iqiql ,;a mqoa.,hska fj; wdlYkSh /lshd wjia:d imhk lafIa;%hla
f,i laIquq,H lafIa;%h ms<sfkd.kakd fyhsks laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò Ydia;S%h jevigyka
Yaj oHd, yd nexl= yshkaf.a wdh;kh jeks ms<s.;a wdh;k yryd y`kajd fuka
laIquq,H lafIa;%h ms<s.;a jD;a;shla jYfhka lafIa;%hg iqiql iys; fiajlhka tl;=
fuka .= .ukla hd yelsh
l=vd Kh ,ndf rcfha uey;au mq,a h ta laIquq,H Kh,dNSkaf.ka Nd.hlg;a jvd

je msila rchg wh;a fyda rcfha md,kh hgf;a mj;sk wdh;k iu. isk fyhsks bka
fuu wdh;k ;=< foaYmd,ksl uey;aulg yd iudcuh" foaYmd,ksl yd uq,Huh wruqKq
Y%ulg ux ie,fik w;r bka wdh;kfha ;sridr meje;aug ndOd mefKa
;sridr meje;au iòyd iS; wjOdkhla we;af;a rcfhka yd foaYSh wdOdr wdh;kj,ska
^fuh wvqfjka mej;sh o& iykodhS moku hgf;a ,efnk wruqo,a ksid lafIa;%h wdrlaIs;
fyhsks tfyhska laIquq,H wdh;k ;Dma;su;a ye`.Sfuka lghq;= lrk ;;a;ajhlg m;a j we;s
w;r .=ld,Sk ;sridr meje;au inkaOfhka olajkafka wvq wjOdkhls iykodhS moku
51
hgf;a ,efnkakd jQ Yd, wruqo,a m%udKh ksid ;sridr meje;af ienE is;=ju ie`.f
Kh l<f .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajh o fndfyda wjia:dj, j, h - idudkH l%shdud.h Kh
whf wkqmd;h uekSuhs bka Kh l<f .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajh ms<snò j ,nd fokafka
fkdu. hjk iq wjfndaOhls Kh wjodk wkqmd;slh jeks ixl,am ms<snò j we;s
wjfndaOh b;d iS; h laIquq,H wdh;k ms<snò j lrk ,o
GTZ
ilaIKhg iyNd.s jQ
ishu wdh;k ie,ls,a,g .ekSf fndfyda fokl= Kh wjodk wkqmd;slh ms<snò

ixl,amh l=ula hs okakd nj mejiqj o ,nd ka w:la O h tfuka u fnfyda
wjia:dj, je/h" tfia ke;fyd;a cd;Hka;r jYfhka ms<s.;a w:laj,g jvd fjkia
h
Kh w,dN m%;smdokh lsisfglska l%shd;aul jkafka ke; ^fuh jejYfhka wod< jkafka
kshdukh fkdjkakd jQ rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k iòyd h& ke;fyd;a
m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl= jeks kshdukh flfrk wdh;k .;a l, Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska
nexl= iòyd kshu lrk ,o m%;smdok wkqmd;sl wkq.ukh lrhs fuu m%;smdok wkqmd;sl
wod< jkafka jdKsc yd fYaIs; nexl= iòyd jk fyhska laIquq,H jHdmdr iòyd uqukska
u fhdod .ekSu iqiq ke; laIquq,H wdh;k ms<snò
GTZ
uYkhg wkqj rdcH fkdjk
ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k j,ska iekq l=vd lKavdhula iska YS% ,xld uy nexl=j iska
nexl= iòyd ksfoaYs; m%;smdok wkqmd;sl Nd;d flf iyNd.sjQjka w;=ka fndfyda
fokl= îshu iyNd.sjQjka ;u laIquq,H wdh;khkaf.a fHIaG ks,Odka h& Kh w,dN
m%;smdok ixl,amh" kS;s l%shdud. jeks Kh whlr .ekSf l%u iu. mg,jd f.k ;su
fuys iòyka lrkq j
ls%hdld;ajh we.hSu yd Kh l<f .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajh ms<snò wjfndaOhla .ekSu Ialr
jQfha fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k m.kl .; fldg fkd;snQ fyhska ld,Sk yd .=Kd;aul
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu Ialr fuks
j, ixia:dksl md,kh lafIa;%h ;=< fmd .egjls by; lreKg wod< j .;a l,
rcfha md,kh hgf;a mj;sk wdh;k ;=< flfrk iSud rys; n,mE yd we`.s,s .eiSj,
m%;sM,hla f,i f,i lafIa;%h ;=< iq fyda ke;fyd;a lsis w;alSula ke;s iqiql
fkdue;s mqoa.,hska laIquq,H wdh;kj, wOHlaI uKav,j,g we;=<;a u iy
l<ukdlrKhg w;a;fkdau;sl f,i n,mE lsu;a isug bv ;sf iuqmldr .%dh
nexl= wh;a jkafka o md,kh jkafka o O fiajd iuqmldr i;s isks tajdg we;af;a
fjkia wruqKq h iuqmldr .%dh nexl= isk Wmhkakd jQ ,dNh fndfyda g O fiajd
iuqmldr i;sj, fjk;a l%shdldrl j,g iyk ie,iSu iòyd fhdod .efka uq,a wjia:f
52
iudc iqnidOl wdh;k f,i ia:dms; jQ rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k m%n,
mqfrda.d idudlhska fyda mjq,a lKavdh iska wdh;kh ish wdm;Hhg hg;a lr .kakd
w;r mQK jYfhka ;SrK .ekSf n,h ,nd .kS fndfyda wjia:dj, fuu lKavdh
iska we;s lrk frdaOh ksoNdjfhka hq;= md,k l%shdud. y`kajd f ndOdjla nj
ikd: we;
wdh;ksl ixialD;sh .;a l, fndfyda rdcH fkdjk ixOdk - laIquq,H wdh;k ;ju;a
iudc iqnidOk udkisl;ajhlska hq;= j lghq;= lrhs tjeks fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k
;ju;a laIquq,H jHdmdr yd m%cd ixjOk lghq;= tlsfklg noaO lr .kska taldnoaO
m%fYhla wkq.ukh lrhs flfia jqjo w;f,diaila muK jQ laIquq,H wdh;k ish u;jdo
yd wdl,am fjkia lr .kska" iajdk laIquq,H wdh;k f,i ,shd mx lsu yryd" ish
laIquq,H jHdmdrh wfkl=;a ls%hdldrlj,ska fjka fldg we; fuu wdh;kj,g msjeh
ldhlaIu;dj yd ;sridr meje;au inkaOfhka jvd Yla;su;a jQ b,lalhla we;
rcfha md,kh hgf;a mj;sk laIquq,H wdh;k j, b .ukg ks,Odjdofhka yd
Oqrdj,shkaf.ka o ldhidOkhg wkqj iEysulg m;a fkdh yels ugf ukd
jkaf.ka o" ndOd we;s f tys m%;sM,hla f,i fuu wdh;kj, jOkh fika is jkafka
rg mqrd mq,a f,i jHdma; jQ YdLd cd, o ;sh h
ksoNdjh yd m%;slrKhla fkdue;slu( iuia;hla jYfhka ksoNdjhla olakh

fkd,efnk w;r b;d u m%d:l jQ uq,H fkdjk l%shdld;ajh yd inkaO f;dr;=re
;r.ld fkdjk wfkl=;a laIquq,H wdh;k iu. fnod .ekSf ue<slula fmkakq flf
fuh laIquq,H wdh;k ms<snò
GTZ
ilaIKh lrk wjia:df o u;= jQ m%Odk .egjla
jQfha fndfyda laIquq,H wdh;k uQ,sl f;dr;=re ,ndug ue<slula la jQ fyhsks f;dr;=re
fkdue;slug fya;= we;af;a ish jd;dlrKh lghq;= w;ska lsu isjk fyhsks tys
m%;sM,hla f,i l%shdld;ajh yd uq,H ;;a;ajh inkaOfhka YajikSh;ajfhka hq;a
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug fkdyels f laIquq,H wdh;k jdKsc ugka wruqo,a uQ,dY% ms<snò
j fidhd ne,Su ksid ksoNdjh mj;ajd .ekSf m%jK;djla olakg ,ef f jk g YS%
,xldf laIquq,H wdh;k 15la zlaia udlZ ^MiX Market& o;a; .nvdjg jd;d lrhs 2006
CLEAR
uYkh is lrk wjfha jd;d jQfha wdh;k 8 la muKs m%;shlska hq;= f;dr;=re
fkdue;su o .egjls O laIquq,H wdh;k iska Tjqkaf.a l%shdld;ajh wlaIKh"

Kh$wdfhdack l<f .=Kd;aulNdjh jekS oE iòyd O ksKdhl fhdod .efka iuyr
laIquq,H wdh;k" fYaIfhka u rdcH fkdjk ixOdk lafIa;%fha we;s kshdukhla
fkdue;s wdh;kj,g /ial< hq;= f;dr;=re ms<snò j fyda Nd;d l< hq;= ksKdhl ms<snò
53
j fyda wjfndaOhla ke; ,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh iska we/Uqkq lafIa;%hg
wod< o;a;.nvdjla f.dv kex.Sf ldhh fuu lafIa;%h jvd ksoNdjfhka hq;= tlla
lsug yd m%;sh yd inkaO kqo`vq y`kajdug;a tla mshjrls
;dlaIKfha iS; Nd;h u;a uq,H lafIa;%h ;=< ;dlaIKh Nd;h mq,a j jHdma; j
;snqK o laIquq,H lafIa;%h ;=< tyd Nd;h b;d iS;h m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=j,g mjd
m.kl moaO;s y`kajd kafka miq.sh mia jir ;=< h ta uhsfl%dnEkal uDldx.h ia:dms;
lrks fiajd ,ndf ;dlaIKh jehqKq lsu yd .kqfokq lghq;=j, ho wvq lsu
iòyd f;dr;=re ikaksfok ;dlaIKh Nd;h ms<snò j uYkh fldg we;af;a o
laIquq,H jHdmdr b;d iq ixLHdjla muKs f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh ms<snò j fiajlhkag we;s
b;d wvq kqu ^fYaIfhka u rdcH fkdjk ixOdk lafIa;%fha&" f;dr;=re yd wlaIK
moaO;s je hqKq lsu Wfoid ;dlaIKh mQK jYfhka fhdod .ekSf iSudld idOlhla
h
Yla;Ska
lafIa;%fha fndfyda wNsfhda. mej;=K o Bg wkq.%yh olajk m%n, lreKq o fndfyda h Y%S
,xldf
CLEAR
we.hSfuka u;= jQ tu m%Odk lreKq my; laf
wdh;kj, O;ajh fYaIfhka u ugf uey;a yryd meje; wd .= ld,Sk

wu;a b;sls yd Kh im%odhla YS% ,xldj ;=< ;su
iqfYaIS b;sls ixialD;sh
CLEAR
uYkh iska YS% ,xldf remsh,a ,shk 49 l
jkdlka hq;a b;slsf .sKq ,shk 15la we;s njg .Kka n,d we; imQK nexl=
moaO;sh ie,ls,a,g .ekSf ^ksrjoH u o;a; ke;& fuu ixLHdj g;a jvd je h yels
jkafka uyck nexl=j yd ,xld nexl=j jgd b;slsf .sKq ,shk 18la muK we;s ksid
h fuu wx.h iska wdjrKh jkafka rchg wh;a jdKsc nexl= fol muKla jk fyhska
ishu nexl= ie,ls,a,g .;a l, fuu w.h ;j;a je h hq;= h YS% ,xld uy nexl=jg
wkqj 2007 cqks jk g uq,H moaO;sh ;=< ;ekam;= m%udKh îliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr
i;s" iuDoa nexl= i;s yd iuqmldr .%dh nexl= o we;=<;a j& remsh,a ,shk 1"700 ls
iqfYaIs b;sls ixialD;shla we;s njg idlaIs uq,H fiajdjkaf.a me;su ms<snò
GTZ
ilaIKfhka o fy<s jQfha ilaIKhg iyNd.s jQ mjq,aj,ska 74] la u uq,H wdh;kj,

b;sls lrk njg mejiQ fyhsks
mq,a jHdma;sh( ck.ykfhka by< wkqmd;hlg uq,H fiajd iòyd m%fY f wjia:dj
we; fiajd jHdma;h ms<snò ilaIKfha mjq,a 825]la iska uq,H wdh;kj, fiajd ,nd
.;a nj iòyka flK
54
uq,H lafIa;%h ;=< Yla;su;a h;, myiql idudkHfhka Y%S ,xldf uq,H lafIa;%fha
fjf<òfmd< h;, myiql w;ska Yla;su;a h( m%d.aOk fjf<òfmd< fldgia ksuh
fjf<òfmd< Khlr fjf<òfmd< Kh ldhdxYh .Kklrejka ;lafiarelrejka mq,a
jr,;a .Kldjrekaf.a ixiohla .%dh m%foaYj, mjd isrekq iajhxl%Sh fg, hka;%
fkdfhla mqyqKq myiql Wiia ;,fha Yaj oHd, by< fhda.H;djlska hq;= jHdmdr
l<ukdlrKh ms<snò Ydia;%m;s Wmd mdGud,d bka iuyrls
iqfYaIS laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò mqyqKq ysf m%jK;djla fld<U Yaj oHd,h;a

nexl=lrejkaf.a wdh;kh;a laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò maf,daud jevigyka meje;aug
lghq;= lrf.k hhs *%eka* uq,H yd l<ukdlrK mdi, jeks cd;Hka;r j ms<s.;a
wdh;k inkaO lr .kska laIquq,HlrKh ms<snò wOHhkh u;a lsf yd cd;Hka;r
m%;Ska yd id:l l%ufo y`kajdf m%jK;djka olakg ,eu Woafhda.hg ;=vq fok
lreKls Bg wu;r j iSia" iKi yd iuqmldr moaO;sh ;=< o fYaIs; mqyqKq myiql we;
mqyqKqj, m%;sh yd ;;a;ajfha fjkial ;snqK o fujeks fYaIs; mqyqKq iòyd wjYH;djla
we;s nj ms<s.ekSu o lafIa;%fha hym; iòyd fmrks;a;ls
55
weKqu 1( YS% ,dxlSh o;a; igyk

ksKdhl
uq ck.ykh ^Z000&
jdIsl ck.yk jOk f.h ^]&
wdl l%shdld;ajfhka hq;a ck.ykh ^]&
mqreI
ia;%S
cd;sl o;d ugu ^re&
o;d ugfuka my< isk ck.ykh $o;djfha YSI
oYlh& ^]&
idlaIr;djh ^]& - 2003$2004
mqreI
ia;S%
t whs taia ^]&
.%dh m%foaYj, j;ajk ck.yk m%;sY;h ^]&
wfmalaIs; wdhqld,h
mqreI
ia;S%
tal mqoa., o< cd;sl ksIamd;h ^wfuldkq fvd,&
o< cd;sl ksIamd;fha jOk f.h ^]&
WoaOuk f.h ^]&
fmd,S wkqmd;sl - jdKsc nexl=
;ekam;= iòyd fmd,S wkqmd;sl
idudkH n; ;ekam;= wkqmd;slh
idudkH n; ia:djr ;ekam;= wkqmd;slh
Kh iòyd fmd,S wkqmd;slh
idudkH n; Kh wkqmd;slh
fmd,S wkqmd;sl - jdKsc fkdjk nexl= wdh;k
;ekam;= iòyd fmd,S wkqmd;
cd;sl b;slsf nexl=f b;=re ;ekam;=
cd;sl b;slsf nexl=f jir 1 ia:djr ;ekam;=
Kh iòyd fmd,S wkqmd;slh
cd;sl b;slsf nexl=j
jdIsl idudkH ksuh wkqmd;slh
re$wfuldkq fvd,
re$hqfrda
uq /lshd m%udKh yd ck.ykhg idfmalaI j m%;sY;h
lDIsldl lafIa;%h ^]&
ludka; lafIa;%h ^]&
fiajd lafIa;%h ^]&
u;a ^]&
fkdu;a ^]&
jIh
2006
2005
2007
19"668
100
^2004&
667
333
1"526 ^2004&
19"886
110
637
363
2"233
20"010
110
ld;=j 4
648
352
2"233
227 ^2002&
925
945
906
<0.1
722 ^1981&
^2004&
717
770
1"226
60
116
152
958
948
966
<0.1
722 ^1981&
152
925
945
906
<0.1
722 ^1981&
717
770
1"402
75
137
717
770
1"599
72
175
624
925
76
115
1031
1549
1510
1656
1808
50
90
50
110
50
150
100-120
120-130
170-180
1005
12510
7"518 ^382]&
307
245
448
10396
13063
7"105 ^357]&
322
266
412
384
616
11062
15163
7"042 ^352]&
313
266
421
380
620
uQ,dY%h( YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
56
weKqu 2( nexl= iy nexl= YdLd ixLHdj

j.h
2006
wjik ^w&
2007
wjik ^wd&
n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl=

1 n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= uq ixLHdj
foAYSh nexl=
foaYSh nexl=
2 n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nexl= YdLd yd fiajd ia:dk uq ixLHdj
YdLd
foaYSh nexl= YdLd
m%Odk YdLd
.=j$f. ldhd,$fiajd ljq
foaYSh YdLd
foaYSh nexl= YdLd
YdLd
fjk;a fiajd ia:dk
23
11
12
3"537
1"737
1"675
1"171
492
12
62
39
23
23
11
12
4"203
1"934
1"758
1"253
493
12
176
42
174
14
6
1
3
2
2
591
379
204
114
11
28
22
34
178
4"128
1"155
8"753
15
6
2
3
2
2
627
402
215
115
13
28
31
47
178
4"830
4"122
12"214
87
97

1 n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= uq ixLHdj
cd;sl b;slsf nexl=j
.=ld,Ska Kh f wdh;k
ksjdi ixjOk uq,H wdh;k
fm!oa.,sl b;sls yd ixjOk nexl=
2 n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl= YdLd yd fiajd ia:dk uq ixLHdj
YdLd
cd;sl b;slsf nexl=j
.=ld,Sk Kh f wdh;k
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ixLHdj
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CGAP CLEAR
uYkh - YS% ,xldj
57
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10 uyck iqnidOk ixOdk
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16
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58
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ugf Kh l%shdldrlj, kshef<a
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fnfyduhla iKi jHdmdrfhka iajdk j ;ukaf.a u if,khla f,i l%shd;aul f
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iliqrej yd Kh iuqmldr i;s Kh f Yd, jYfhka b;sls fhdod .kakd w;r
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lr,Sf jevigyk jk cd;sl iuDoa jevigyfka fldgila f,i h iuDoa nexl= i;s
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59
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my< f
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60
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Asian Development Bank Key Indicators 2007, Inequality in Asia
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j - m%Odk ksKdhl 2007" wdishdf widudkd;au;d

Bank of Ceylon Annual Report 2007
,xld nexl=j - jdIsl jd;dj 2007

Central Bank of Sri Lanka - Annual Report 2007
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j - jdIsl jd;dj 2007

Central Bank of Sri Lanka Financial Stability Review 2007
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j - uq,H ia:dhs;dj ms<snò we.hSu 2007

CGAP Sri Lanka CLEAR Review 2006
mam;=kag iydh f WmfoaYl lKavdhu - zrgj,a ugf M,odhs;dj yd .sKq lghq;= j.lSu
uYkhZ - YS% ,xldj" 2006
CIA The World Fact Book 2008
iSwhsta f,dal o;a; .%ka:h 2008

Commercial Bank of Sri Lanka Annual Report 2007
YS% ,xld jdKsc nexl=j - jdIsl jd;dj 2007

Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka Household Income & Expenditure Survey
2006/07
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ilaIKh 2006$07
GTZ ProMiS Outreach of Financial Services in Sri Lanka, April 2008
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GTZ-ProMiS Microfinance Institutions in Sri Lanka (to be published)
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Girija Srinivasan and IPS Review of Post-Tsunami Microfinance in Sri Lanka, October 2008
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Insurance Board of Sri Lanka
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Mahinda Chintana : Vision For A New Sri Lanka
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Peoples Bank Annual Report 2007
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Sampath Bank Annual Report 2007
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Sanasa Development Bank
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Sanasa Federation
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61
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Banking With The Poor Network

c/o The Foundation for Development Cooperation
(Singapore) Ltd.
22, Cross Street
02-55, South Bridge Court
Singapore - 048421
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CGAP
MSN 3-300
The World Bank Group
1818 H Street N.W.
Washington D.C. 20433, USA.
rl:k( 1-202473-9594
Bf,a( cgap@worldbbank.org
fj wvh( www.cgap.org
63

Microfinanc Industry in Sri La

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Microfinanc Industry in Sri La

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Produced by GTZ ProMiS in collaboration with The Banking With The Poor Network

Sri Lankan German Development Cooperation

GTZ hkq l=ulao@

zmam;=ka iu. nexl=lrKhZ cd,h fyj;a

ixfla; kdu" fl fh yd isxy, wre;a

Asian Development Bank

wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j

Automated Teller Machine

iajhxl%Sh fg, hka;%h

Banking With The Poor

mam;=ka iu. nexl=lrKh

Central Bank of Sri Lanka

Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j

Consultative Group to Assist the Poor

Country-Level Effectiveness and

rgj,a ugf M,odhS;dj yd

.sKq lghq;= j.lSu uYkh

Co-operative Rural Bank

iuQmldr .%dh nexl=j

Credit Information Bureau

Corporate Social Responsibility

ixia:dksl iudc j.lSu

Department of Census and Statistics

ck ix.Kk yd ixLHd f,ALk fomd;fka;=j

Food and Agriculture Organisation

wdydr yd lDIslu fomd;fka;=j

Gross Domestic Product

o< foaYSh ksIm

Gross National Product

o< cd;sl ksIamdos;h

Deu Gesellschaft Technisch

;dlaIK iyfhda.S;dj i`oyd cudkq tackaish

Zusammenarbeit (German Agency for

Information and Communications

f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIKh

Japan Bank for International Cooperation

cd;Hka;r iyfhda.S;dj ms<sn`o cmdk nexl=j

Licensed Commercial Bank

n,m;% ,;a jdKsc nxl=j

Lanka Microfinance Practitioners

,xld laIquq,H jD;a;slhkaf.a ix.uh

Licensed Specialised Bank

n,m;% ,;a fYaIs; nexl=

Master of Business Administration

jHdmdr mmd,kh ms<sn`o Ydia;%m;s Wmdh

Management Information System

l<ukdlrK f;dr;=re moaO;sh

Microfinance Information Exchange

laIquq,H f;dr;=re yqjudrej

Multi-purpose Co-operative Society

O fiajd iuQmldr i;sh

National Development Trust Fund

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Non Governmental Organisation

rdcH fkdjk ixOdkh

Poverty Alleviation Microfinance Project

mam;alu wjulr,Sf laIquq,H jHdmD;sh

Promotion of the Microfinance Sector

laIquq,H wxYh m%jOkh

Reconstruction and Development Authority

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Regional Development Bank

m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=j