WiMax Overview

WiMAX Overview
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Agenda
What is Wimax?
Forecasting
Wimax forum
Variations and Standards
Wimax Family
Example configuration
Target Market
Other Standards
Protocol Stack
INTERFACE-
INTERFACE-A TELECO RESOURCE FIRM
What Is WiMAX?
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

“A standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile
wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL”
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Based on IEEE 802.16
INTERFACE-
Room for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access
INTERFACE-
WiMAX Forum: Promoting the WiMAX Technology
An industry consortium formed in April 2001. The WiMAX Forum

has more than 230 members.
Mission to ensure conformance and interoperability of IEEE 802.16

systems from different vendors.
WiMAX vendor community for driving WiMAX E2E system

architecture and specifications.
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INTERFACE-

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Alternative Standards
Comparative View
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Protocol Stack
PHY
FREQUENCY BANDS
OFDM
AAS
MIMO
FDD/TDD
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VARIANTS
3.5 GHz bandwidth allocation in Pakistan
INTERFACE-
OFDM
Electromagnetic waves have Sines

& Cosines
Digital Data is Stream of 1s and 0s.
QUESTION
How can we map the digital data via
an Analog Transmission ?
ANSWER
FFT ------> OFDM
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OFDM Continued
Its MAX in WiMAX

Originally patented in 1970
Uses FFT for Orthogonal function
Resistance to interference and
degradation.
Inshort, Deliver signal more further
and with less interference than other
competing technologies.

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INTERFACE-
What is OFDM ?
Orthogonality
It allows adjacent carrier to be

mapped very close to each
other
Orthogonal Frequency like 10
MHz,20 Mhz & 30 Mhz on any
RF frequency (like X+10Mhz)
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MAN-OFDM PHY
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Details
Total number of Sub carriers =256

Guard Band utilization of sub carriers=56
Pilot carriers= -88,-63,-38,-13,13,38,63 & 88
The bandwidth of the Wimax carrier varies from 1.25 to 20 Mhz as per
IEEE802.16d.
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AAS
ADAPTIVE ANTENNA SYSTEM

Antenna Arrays which transmit the
same signal using different phase,
amplitude and time shift among the
signals
The key advantage is beamforming
towards the single users at certain
locations while simultaneously wiping
out the same signal at different
location.
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MIMO
Optional Future in the

standard
Different from AAS
Transmit the different signals
through different antennas
MIMO relies on the transmit
and receive antenna being
spaced apart from each other
sufficiently to allow the signal
distinction
S/P= Serial to parallel conversion

MUD=Multi user detection
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DATA PROCESSING CHAIN IN WIMAX
Data Randomization
Coding Algos
ADAPTIVE
MODULATION
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DATA PROCESSING CHAIN IN
WIMAX
RANDOMIZATION
The information bits are XOR with the predefined data stream to eliminate
any sort of DC pattern.
Forward Error Correction
Reed Solomon Coding
Block Convolution coding
Block Turbo Coding
Block Convolution Coding
Modulation
Adaptive
BPSK,QPSK,QAM
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ADAPTIVE MODULATION
Through AM WiMAX system adapts

the signal modulation scheme
depending on the Signal to Noise
Ratio (SNR) condition of the radio
link .
WiMAX uses distance gradation for
the QoS. The greater the distance
the lower the guarantee of QoS.
PSK is more tolerant of Interference
than QAM. For this reason where
signals are expected to be resistant
of Noise , BPSK or QPSK is the
choice.
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FDD/TDD
MAC LAYER
Three Parts
Convergence Sublayer
Common Part Sublayer
Security Sublayer
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Convergence Sublayer
Interface to upper layer

Packet Classification
Payload header Suppression
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Common Part Sublayer
Network Entry and Initialization

Connection Management (CID’s, SF and
QoS Control)
Mobility features for .e Version
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Security SubLayer
Protection from Theft of Service

SS Authentication
Data Encryption over the Air.
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Service Flows & Connections Identities
Any communication between SS & BS in

IEEE.802.16 on bidirectional connections are
identified by CIDs
Per bidirectional connections, are exactly one
or two unidirectional service flows
During network entry, the SS is assigned
individual CID-values for the exchange of
MAC control information
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CID Values
QoS Classes
With respect to decreasing real time

capabilities
UGS
rtPS
nrtPS
BE
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Security Sub Layer
X.509 Certificate/RSA
based Authentication
and Encryption
RSA, based on PKI and
the presence of X.509
certificate in every
SS.Two different keys
are used (PUBLIC and
PRIVATE).
One for encryption and
other is decryption.
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X.509 Certificate
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Frame Structure/TDD MODE

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Explanation
Each frame consist of Uplink and downlink

Sub frame. TTG and RTG allows the SS and
BS to switch between trans n recv.
The frame duration as per the Standard can
range form 2.5ms-20ms.
The long preamble is used during the PHY-
sync and the DLFP---downlink frame prefix is
used to indicate the location and profile of the
first downlink burst.
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SS Entry and Registration
Frequency Scan and

PHY-Sync
Listen to Broadcast
Messages
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CID’s Assignment
Initial Ranging
Negotiate Basic
Capabilities
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Authentication and Registration
SS Authentication and
Key Exchange
Registration
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SS Provisioning
Establish of the
Provisioned Connections
The BS will be aware of the
pre-provisioned connections
that are required for a
particular SS ( Like E1-
stream). These connections
are now setup.
INTERFACE-

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WiMAX Overview

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

An industry consortium formed in April 2001. The WiMAX Forum

Mission to ensure conformance and interoperability of IEEE 802.16

WiMAX vendor community for driving WiMAX E2E system

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com

Electromagnetic waves have Sines

Its MAX in WiMAX

It allows adjacent carrier to be

Total number of Sub carriers =256

ADAPTIVE ANTENNA SYSTEM

Optional Future in the

S/P= Serial to parallel conversion

Through AM WiMAX system adapts

Interface to upper layer

Network Entry and Initialization

Protection from Theft of Service

Any communication between SS & BS in

With respect to decreasing real time

INTERFACE-A TELECO RESOURCE FIRM

Each frame consist of Uplink and downlink

Frequency Scan and

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