Electromagnetic Spectrum

Source: LBL
 802. 16 Standar ds
Hi story
• First standard based on proprietary implementations of DOCSIS/HFC
architecture in wireless domain
• Original fixed wireless broadband air Interface
802.16 for 10 – 66 GHz: Line-of-sight only, Point-to-
(Dec 2001) Multi-Point applications

802.16c
(2002) • Extension for 2-11 GHz: Targeted for non-
802.16a line-of-sight, Point-to-Multi-Point applications
802.16 Amendment like “last mile” broadband access
WiMAX System Profiles
(Jan 2003)
10 - 66 GHz

• Adds WiMAX System Profiles and Errata for

802.16REVd 2-11 GHz
(802.16-2004)
(Oct 2004)

• MAC/PHY Enhancements to support

802.16e subscribers moving at vehicular speeds
(802.16-2005)
(Dec 2005)
Applications of 802.16
Standards
802.16 Network Architecture
Scope of 802.16 Standards
 Physical Layer Summary
Designation Applicability MAC Duplexing

WirelessMAN-SC 10-66 GHz Licensed Basic TDD, FDD, HFDD

WirelessMAN-SC 2-11 GHz Licensed Basic, (ARQ), TDD, FDD

(STC), (AAS)
2-11 GHz Licensed Basic, (ARQ), TDD, FDD
(STC), (AAS)
WirelessMAN-OFDM 2-11 GHz License- Basic, (ARQ), TDD
exempt (STC), (DFS),
(MSH), (AAS)
2-11 GHz Licensed Basic, (ARQ), TDD, FDD
(STC), (AAS)
WirelessMAN-OFDMA
2-11 GHz License- Basic, (ARQ), TDD
exempt (STC), (DFS),
(MSH), (AAS)
Channel Characteristics
• 10-66 GHz
– Very weak multipath components (LOS is
required)
– Rain attenuation is a major issue
– Single-carrier PHY
• 2-11 GHz
– Multipath
– NLOS
– Single and multi-carrier PHYs
Wireless Performance
(as of 2003)

Source: S. Viswanathan, Intel

 OFDMA Subchannels

• A subset of subcarriers is grouped together to form a subchannel

• A transmitter is assigned one or more subchannels in DL direction
(16 subchannels are supported in UL in OFDM PHY)
• Subchannels provide interference averaging benefits for aggressive frequency
reuse systems
 OFDM Basics

Orthogonal Subcarriers

Cyclic Prefix in Frequency Domain Cyclic Prefix in Time Domain

 OFDMA Scalability

• Supports s wide range of frame sizes (2-20 ms)

Source: Intel “Scalable OFDMA Physical Layer in IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN”