LESSON 2

2.2: Motion with uniform

acceleration

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 2.2: Motion with uniform acceleration
Objectives:
• Derive and apply equations of motion with uniform
acceleration:

s = 12 (v +v0 )t
s = v0t + 2 at
1 2

v = v0 +at
v  v  2as
2 2
0

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 2.2: Motion with uniform acceleration
By referring to the graph ;
velocity

v
v = final velocity,
vo = initial velocity , vo
a = acceleration,
t = time
s = area under the graph = displacement
From, dv v − v0 0 t time
a= =
dt t
Rearranging the equation: v = v0 + at ..........(i)

Area under the graph, s = 12 (v + v0 )t ........(ii)

From equation (i) and (ii) :
s  12 [(v0  at )  v0 ]t
s = v 0 t + 12 at 2 ......... (iii) 3
From (i) v = v0 + at
v  v0
⇒ t
a
v  v0
into s = v 0 t + 2 at ;
1 2
Substitute t 
a
Hence, 2
 v  v0  1  v  v0 
s  v0    2 a 
 a   a 
velocity
2as  2v0 v  2v02  (v 2  2vv0  v02 )
v
v = v + 2as ...........(iv)
2 2
o
vo

0 t time

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 Equations of motion

• Equations of motion with uniform acceleration :

s = (v + v0 )t
1
2

s = v0t + at 1
2
2

v = v0 +at
v  v  2as
2 2
0
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Equations of motion – sign convention

Quantity To the left To the right

Displacement, s -ve +ve
Velocity, v -ve +ve

Note:
• Acceleration : +ve, deceleration: -ve
• Special case : uniform velocity : vo= v ⇒ a = 0 , s = v0t

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 Example 1 - Motion with uniform acceleration
An object is moving along the x-axis. Its velocity at the starting point, O is 5ms-
1
. If it has uniform acceleration 6 m s-2, calculate
a) its position after 2 s a = 6 m s-2
b) its velocity after 3 s
v = 5 m s-1

Solution: Given ; v0= 5 m s-1 , a = 6 m s-2

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a) s = v0 t + at = (5)(2) + (6)(2) 2 = 22 m (to the right)
1
2
2

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b) v  v0  at  5  (6)(3)  23 m s-1 (to the right)

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 Example 2 - Motion with uniform acceleration

An object moving with velocity 20 m s-1 is decelerated at 4 m s-2 .

a) When will the object stop ?
b) What is its position and velocity after 3 s ?
Solution :
Given ; vo = 20 m s-1 , a = 4 m s-2

• When the object stops , v = 0 m s-1 ;

v = vo + at
0 = 20 + (-4) t
t=5s
1 2 1
b) When t = 3 s ; s = vo t + at = (20)(3) + (−4)(3) 2
2 2
= 42 m

v = vo + at = 20 + (-4)(3) = 8 m s-1
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 Conclusion

Equations of motion with uniform acceleration:

s = 12 (v + v0 )t
s = v0t + 2 at
1 2

v = v0 +at
v = v0 + 2as
2