INSTITUTO TECNOLGICO DE SANTO DOMINGO AREA DE CIENCIAS BSICAS Y AMBIENTALES FISICA I PRACTICA II MM ATRCULA ________________NOMBRE__________________________________________PROF.

VINICIO ROMERO

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) A train starts from rest and accelerates uniformly, until it has traveled 5.9 km and acquired a velocity of 35 m/s. The train then moves at a constant velocity of 35 m/s for 400 s. The train then decelerates uniformly at 0.065 m/s2 , until it is brought to a halt. The acceleration during the first 5.9 1)

km of travel is closest to: A) 0.13 m/s2 B) 0.10 m/s2

C) 0.093 m/s2

D) 0.11 m/s2

E) 0.12 m/s2

Situation 2.1 A cat runs along a straight line (the x-axis) from point A to point B to point C, as shown in Fig. 2.1. The distance between points A and C is 5.00 m, the distance between points B and C is 10.0 m, and the positive direction of the x-axis points to the right. The time to run from A to B is 20.0 s, and the time from B to C is 8.00 s. Figure 2.1

2) In Situation 2.1, the x-component of the average velocity of the cat between points A and C is closest to: A) -0.893 m/s B) -0.179 m/s C) -0.536 m/s D) 0.179 m/s E) 0.893 m/s 3) In Situation 2.1, the average speed of the cat between points A and C is closest to: A) 0.893 m/s B) 0.179 m/s C) -0.179 m/s D) 0.536 m/s

2)

E) -0.893 m/s

3)

4) A racquetball strikes a wall with a speed of 30 m/s and rebounds with a speed of 26 m/s. The collision takes 20 ms. What is the average acceleration of the ball during collision? A) zero B) 200 m/s2 C) 2800 m/s2 D) 1300 m/s2 E) 1500 m/s2 5) A ball is projected upward at time t = 0.0 s, from a point on a roof 80 m above the ground. The ball rises, then falls and strikes the ground. The initial velocity of the ball is 56.7 m/s. Consider all quantities as positive in the upward direction. At time t = 2.9 s, the acceleration of the ball is closest to: A) zero B) +10 m/s2 C) -10 m/s2 D) +5 m/s2 E) -5 m/s2 6) A ball is projected upward at time t = 0.0 s, from a point on a roof 60 m above the ground. The ball rises, then falls and strikes the ground. The initial velocity of the ball is 48.2 m/s. Consider all quantities as positive in the upward direction. At time t = 4.92 s, the velocity of the ball is closest to: A) zero B) -119 m/s C) -12 m/s D) +12 m/s E) +119 m/s

4)

5)

6)

Figure 2.2

7) Figure 2.2 shows the graph of the position x as a function of time for an object moving in the straight line (the x-axis). Which of the following graphs best describes the x-component of the velocity as a function of time for this object? A)

7)

B)

C)

D)

E)

8) A test rocket is fired straight up from rest with a net acceleration of 20 m/s2. After 4 seconds the motor turns off, but the rocket continues to coast upward. What maximum elevation does the rocket reach? A) 487 m B) 160 m C) 408 m D) 327 m E) 320 m 9) A child standing on a bridge throws a rock straight down. The rock leaves the child's hand at t = 0. Which of the graphs shown here best represents the velocity of the stone as a function of time? A)

8)

9)

B)

C)

D)

E)

10) Two identical balls are thrown vertically with the same initial speed from the roof of a building and feel no air resistance. Ball A is thrown straight up and ball B is thrown straight down. Which of the following statements about these balls are correct? (There may be more than one correct answer.) A) Between the instant at which each ball is thrown and the instant at which it hits the ground, both balls have the same average speed. B) Between the instant at which each ball is thrown and the instant at which it hits the ground, both balls have the same average velocity. C) Both balls have the same velocity just before they hit the ground. D) Ball B has a greater velocity just before it hits the ground than ball A. E) Between the instant at which each ball is thrown and the instant at which it hits the ground, both balls experience the same displacement.

10)

Figure 2.3

11) An object is moving in a straight line (the x-axis). The graph in Fig. 2.3 shows the x-coordinate of this object as a function of time. Which one of the following statements about this object is correct? A) Between points A and B, the x-component of its average velocity is 0.75 m/s, but its average speed is less than 0.75 m/s. B) Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are greater than 0.75 m/s. C) Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are less than 0.75 m/s. D) Between points A and B, the x-component of its average velocity is 0.75 m/s, but its average speed is greater than 0.75 m/s. E) Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are equal to 0.75 m/s. 12) A force of 1 N will cause a mass of 1 kg to have an acceleration of 1 m/s2 . Thus it follows that a force of 2 N applied to a mass of 2 kg will cause it to acquire an acceleration of: A) 4 m/s2 B) 0.50 m/s2 C) 2 m/s2 D) 1 m/s2 E) 3 m/s2 13) A plastic ball in a liquid is acted upon by its weight and by a buoyant force. The weight of the ball is 4.8 N. The buoyant force has a magnitude of 6.5 N and acts vertically upward. An external force acting on the ball maintains it in a state of rest. The external force, including direction, is closest to: A) 1.7 N, upward B) 1.7 N, downward C) 6.5 N, downward D) 4.8 N, upward E) 6.5 N, upward

11)

12)

13)

14) A plastic ball in a liquid is acted upon by its weight and by a buoyant force. The weight of the ball is 2.5 N. The buoyant force has a magnitude of 4.4 N and acts vertically upward. At a given instant, the ball is released from rest. The acceleration of the ball at that instant, including direction, is closest to: A) zero B) 3.7 m/s2, upward C) 7.4 m/s2, downward D) 7.4 m/s2, upward E) 3.7 m/s2, downward

14)

15) Consider what happens when you jump up in the air. Which of the following is the most accurate statement? A) When you push down on the earth with a force greater than your weight, the earth will push back with the same magnitude force and thus propel you into the air. B) It is the upward force exerted by the ground that pushes you up, but this force can never exceed your weight. C) When you jump up the earth exerts a force F1 on you and you exert a force F2 on the earth. D) You are able to spring up because the earth exerts a force upward on you that is stronger than the downward force you exert on the earth. E) Since the ground is stationary, it cannot exert the upward force necessary to propel you into the air. Instead, it is the internal forces of your muscles acting on your body itself that propels the body into the air.

15)

You go up because F1 > F2 .

Figure 4.1

16) In Fig. 4.1, a 10-kg mass is suspended from two spring scales that read in kilograms, each of which has negligible weight. Thus: A) Each scale will read 10 kg. B) The top scale will read zero, the lower scale will read 10 kg. C) Each scale will read 5 kg. D) The lower scale will read zero, the top scale will read 10 kg. E) Each scale will show a reading between one and 10 kg, such that the sum of the two is 10 kg. However, exact readings cannot be determined without more information.

16)

Situation 4.1 Two weights are connected by a massless wire and pulled upward with a constant speed of 1.50 m/s by a vertical pull P. The tension in the wire is T. (See Fig. 4.2.) Figure 4.2

17) In Situation 4.1: A) P + T = 125 N B) P = T + 100 N C) T = P D) T > P E) P = T + 25 N 18) A 50.0-N box is sliding on a rough horizontal floor, and the only horizontal force acting on it is friction. You observe that at one instant the box is sliding to the right at 1.75 m/s and that it stops in 2.25 s with uniform acceleration. The force that friction exerts on this box is closest to: A) 8.93 N B) 50.0 N C) 490 N D) 3.97 N E) 38.9 N 19) A block is on a frictionless table, on earth. The block accelerates at 8.6 m/s2 when a 10 N horizontal force is applied to it. The block and table are set up on the moon. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the moon is 1.62 m/s2. The weight of the block on the moon is closest to: A) 1.9 N B) 1.7 N C) 1.2 N D) 0.95 N E) 1.4 N

17)

18)

19)

20) A block is on a frictionless table, on earth. The block accelerates at 4.1 m/s2 when a 70 N horizontal force is applied to it. The block and table are set up on the moon. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the moon is 1.62 m/s2. A horizontal force of 35 N is applied to the block when it is on

20)

the moon. The acceleration imparted to the block is closest to: A) 2.3 m/s2 B) 2.7 m/s2 C) 1.8 m/s2
Figure 4.3

D) 2.5 m/s2

E) 2.1 m/s2

A 5.0-kg block and a 4.0-kg block are connected by a 0.6-kg rod. The links between the blocks and the rod are denoted by A and B. A force F is applied to the upper block.
21) In Fig. 4.3, the blocks and rod assembly moves downward at constant velocity. The applied force F is closest to: A) 90 N B) 88 N C) 92 N D) 94 N E) 96 N 22) An astronaut weights 875 N on earth. On a planet where a freely falling body accelerates downward at 5.00 m/s2 with no air resistance, which of the following statements about the astronaut will be true? A) He will weigh 875 N. B) He will weigh 4375 N. C) His mass will be 446 kg. D) His mass will be 89.3 kg. E) He will weigh 411 N. 21)

22)

Figure 4.4

23) A box with weight w = 770 N is on a rough surface, inclined at an angle of 37 degrees. The box is kept from sliding down (in equilibrium) by means of an external force F. The other forces acting on the box are the normal and friction forces, denoted by n and f. A force diagram, showing the four forces that act on the box, is shown in Fig. 4.4. The magnitude of f is 210 N. The magnitude of the external force F is closest to: A) 252 N B) 329 N C) 290 N D) 406 N E) 368 N

23)

Figure 4.5

Three forces A, B, and C act on a body as shown. A fourth force F is required to keep the body in equilibrium.
24) In Fig. 4.5, the x-component of force F is closest to: A) +19 N B) -28 N C) +28 N 25) In Fig. 4.5, the y-component of force F is closest to: A) +32 N B) -28 N C) -32 N 24)

D) -32 N

E) +32 N

D) +24 N

E) +28 N

25)

Figure 4.6

26) A 5.1-kg box is held at rest by two ropes that form 30 angles with the vertical. An external force F acts vertically downward on the box. The force exerted by each of the two ropes is denoted by T. A force diagram, showing the four forces that act on the box in equilibrium, is shown in Fig. 4.6. The magnitude of force F is 920 N. The magnitude of force T is closest to: A) 971 N B) 560 N C) 388 N D) 777 N E) 486 N
Figure 4.7

26)

27) A box with weight 55 N is on a rough horizontal surface. An external force F is applied horizontally to the box. A normal force and a friction force are also present, denoted by n and f. A force diagram, showing the four forces that act on the box, is shown in Fig. 4.7. When force F equals 2.0 N, the box is in motion at constant velocity. When force F equals 2.6 N, the acceleration of the box is closest to: A) 0.13 m/s2 B) 0.11 m/s2 C) 0.15 m/s2 D) 0.16 m/s2 E) 0.18 m/s2

27)