Structures and Bending

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Author: Location: Classmark:

Iano, Joseph. Sidney Sussex College Library BXO IJ Ian

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Digrams

Bending Stresses

500 kN

500 kN

1 D

2 4

3 B
200 kN 200 kN 200 kN 300 kN

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Digrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Digrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Digrams

Bending Stresses

Beams subject to lateral load carry loads by bending. Structures that carry loads in bending are generally less structurally efcient than funicular structures, but they are extremely useful for variable loads, and are ubiquitous throughout structural design and architecture. The most efcient beams follow the moment diagram of the internal forces.

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

External forces vs. internal forces

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

Ra

Rb

Ra

Rb

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Axial stress vs. bending stress

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

Ra

Rb

Ra

Rb

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

4.9 kN

Ra

Rb

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Bending

from Macdonald, Structure and Architecture p. 136

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Castellated Beams

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Shear Forces

Forces in a structure that cause two parts of a member to slide past one another

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Shear Forces and Bending Forces

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Shear and Moment Diagrams

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Bending, shear and moment: further reading

Understanding Structures, Derek Seward Chapter 7 p 120-133 Structures for Architects, Bryan J.B. Gauld Chapter 3 p 30-49 The Structural Basis of Architecture, Sandaker and Eggen Chapter 4 p 80-92 Shaping Structures:Statics, Zalewski and Allen Chapter 9 p 218-219

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Calculating bending moments

The bending moment at any vertical section through a structural element is the summation of moments about a point on the axis of the element at that section of all the forces and reactions that act to the left of it. M = RLxL - P1x1 - P2x2
from Zalewski and Allen, Shaping Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Calculating shear and moment

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Positive & negative moments

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Moment diagrams and deected shape

Moment diagram points in direction of deection

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Moment diagrams and deected shape

Moment diagram drawn on tension side of beam

from Schodek, Structures

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Load, shear and bending moment examples: point loads

Drawing shear diagrams determine beam reactions walk pencil along the beam pencil moves up and down with the loads diagram must close at each end of the beam

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Load, shear and bending moment examples: distributed loads

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending

Shear Forces

Moment Diagrams

Bending Stresses

Sizing Members: Bending Stress

= y / I

The stress in the extreme bers of a beam subjected to bending.

from Macdonald, Structure and Architecture p. 136

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending Stresses

Shear

Bending Moment

Bending Stresses

Sizing Members: Bending Stress example

The maximum bending moment in a laminated timber beam is 7 kNm. The allowable stress for the beam is 10 MPa in tension or compression. What is the cross-section of the beam if we dont want it to be more than 30 cm deep? Is this a good shape? Why or Why not? What can we do for greater structural efciency?

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending Stresses

Shear

Bending Moment

Bending Stresses

Sizing Members: Deections

Fundamental Principles of Structural Design Department of Architecture Recap

Bending Stresses

Shear

Bending Moment

Bending Stresses