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BASIC MICROPROCESSOR
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
REGISTERS

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REGISTERS Code segment (CS) A register pointing to the area of memory where the code is stored Data segment (DS) A register pointing to the area of memory where the data is stored

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REGISTERS (CONT.)
Stack segment (SS) A register pointing to the area of memory where the processor temporarily stores register values in case they get messed up Extra segment (ES) A register pointing to where ever the user wants it to point.

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REGISTERS (CONT.)
AX word multiply, word divide, word I/O AL byte multiply, byte divide, byte I/O, translate, decimal arithmetic BX translate CX string operations, loops CL variable shift and rotate DX - word multiply, word divide, indirect I/O

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REGISTERS (CONT.)
IP is to point incoming address instruction. SP is the stack pointer and it points to the "top plate" or last piece of data placed on the stack. BP pointing to data in stack segment. SI pointing source data address. DI pointing to destination data address.

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REGISTERS (CONT.)
CS:IP -- code segment:instruction pointer points to the physical address of the next instruction in memory to execute. SS:SP -- stack segment:stack pointer points to the stack in memory, a temporary storage place for data.

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REGISTERS (CONT.)
DS:DI -- data segment:destination index points to the physical address in memory where data is to be stored using a pointer. DS:SI -- data segment:source index points to the physical address in memory where data is to be retrieved using a pointer.