Lesson Objectives:

• To learn about woods & why they are used

• To understand how wooden products are joined

• To be able to demonstrate safe use of the workshop

• To understand how to use a mark out accurately

• Where do materials come from?
• In what stock sizes and forms are they found?
• What properties do different materials have?

Open the textbook

to page: 34 & 35
 HARDWOODS
Hardwoods come from DECIDUOUS trees. These
are trees that lose their leaves in winter.
Hardwoods are slow growing, this makes them
stronger and more expensive

SOFTWOODS
Softwoods come from CONIFEROUS trees. These are
trees that DONT lose their leaves in winter. Softwoods
are fast growing, this makes them cheaper but not as
strong
 Natural Characteristics
• Grain Pattern – the growth ring marks visible on the
surface
• Colour – different tree species differ greatly in colour
• Texture – different tree species have varied surface
and cell textures
• Workability – some species of tree are much easier to
work with than others
• Structural Strength – different species vary from
weak to very strong
 Manufactured Characteristics
• Sizes – manmade boards are available in a wide range
of sizes, giving much more variety to the consumer or
manufacturer of a product

• Cost – by using a manmade board that has a simple

‘natural’ laminate reduces the cost of the product

• Strength – manmade boards such as plywood are

extremely strong, much stronger than most natural
woods.
 Stock Forms

Sections Sheet Form

Dowel Range of Sheet sizes
& thicknesses
Moulding

Square
 Wood Lathe (turning)

A piece of wood is clamped and spun at high speed. As it rotates tools

are pushed into the wood to create a new shape. Wooden bowls etc
are created using this method.
VIDEO - Wood mill VIDEO
 Joining Wood
There are a wide range of different ways to join wood, some for speed,
some for strength and some for aesthetics

Mortise and Tenon Joint Lap Joint Dovetail Joint

Shoulder Joint Finger Joint Housing Joint