Influence line for determinate structures:

(1) Simply supported beam:

I.L.D. for reactions at the supports:

Let a unit load waves from the left end A to the right end B of the beam.

As’ x’ increases,   increases and   decreases.

At x=0,  =0,  =1

At x=l,  = 1,  =0

Thus, I.L.D. is shown in the figure below.

Uses of an Influence Line Diagram:
1. To determine the value of the quantity for a given system of loads on the span of the structure.

2. To determine the position of live load for the quantity to have the maximum value and hence to compute the

maximum value of the quantity.

INFLUENCE LINE DIAGRAMS:

(1) For shear force at a given section of a simply supported girder
Let a unit load move along the span of a simply supported girder AB of span l.

Let D be a given section.

When the unit load is between A and D,

When the unit load is between D and B

(2) For the bending moment at a given section

When the unit load is between A and D.

When  , 

When  , 

When the unit load is between D and B,

When  ,

When  ,