Building Blocks for Designs with Amplifiers

High-Pass Filter/Differentiator Current Sensing Amp

VSUPPLY

+IN
RF GND
CIN IS RS
VIN VOUT
–IN
RIN VS V+
VREF2

VOUT
LOAD VREF1

GAIN FIXED VALUE AS SPECIFIED ON DATA SHEET

BLOCK DC, AMPLIFY AC

VOUT APPROXIMATES –dVIN AMPLIFY VOLTAGE ACROSS RS
dT REJECT VSUPPLY

Differential Amplifier Low-Pass Filter Integrator

RF = 200𝛀 C

RG = 200𝛀
VOUT
R1 RF
VOCM VIN
VOUT VOUT
RG = 200𝛀
t = RC = RFC

RF RF = 200𝛀
VOUTdiff = VIN
RG

DRIVE A DIFFERENTIAL INPUT ADC FROM A

DIFFERENTIAL OR SINGLE-ENDED SOURCE LIMIT BANDWIDTH OF SIGNAL

Isolation Amplifier Voltage Follower

FB
SIGNAL
IN–
DEMOD HI
MOD VOUT
IN+ VOUT
±5V ±5V VIN
VSIG FS FS
LO
IN COM
VOUT = VIN

ISOLATE VSIG SIGNAL FROM VOUT

VISO UP TO ±3500V

BUFFER HIGH IMPEDANCE SOURCE

VOUT = VIN TO LOW RESISTANCE LOAD

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 Instrumentation Amplifier Variable Gain Amplifier

–VIN 10k𝛀 RFBH PRAO VGAI

VIN
10k𝛀 PrA ATTENUATOR VOUT
VIN
VCM RG 24.7k𝛀 OUT RFBL

GAIN CONTROL
10k𝛀 PWRA BIAS
INTERFACE
+VIN 10k𝛀
VNEG VPOS VCOM GPOS GNEG
VREF
2 × 24.7k𝛀 RFBH
VOUT = 1 + VIN + VREF GAIN (dB) = 20log +1 + 50dB GPOS – GNEG + 16.5dB
RG RFBL V

AMPLIFY LOW LEVEL DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL, AMPLIFY INPUT SIGNAL BY A FACTOR OF 1 TO 1000,
REJECT COMMON-MODE SIGNAL 0dB TO 60dB, SET BY VGAIN

Noninverting Op Amp Voltage Subtractor/Difference Amp

R2
VIN VOUT
RF
VA R1 VOUT

VB
VCM R1
RG R2
RF R2
VOUT = + 1 VIN VOUT = ( VB – VA )
RG R1

AMPLIFY THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO VOLTAGES,

IN-PHASE SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION REJECT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE

Voltage Adder Inverting Op Amp

R1 RF
VA RG RF
R2 VIN
VB
VOUT
R3
VOUT
VC
RN
VN
–RF
VOUT = VIN
RG

VA VB VC VN
VOUT = –RF + + +
R1 R2 R3 RN

SUM MULTIPLE VOLTAGES AMPLIFY AND INVERT INPUT

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 Op Amp Noise Model for Single-Pole System Ohm’s Law

VN, R2
R2 GAIN FROM =
“A” TO OUTPUT V=I×R P=I×V

VN, R1 IN– NOISE GAIN =

B R1
4kTR2
I=
V V
R2 R P = I2 × R
NG = 1 +
R1 I R
4kTR1 VN CLOSED-
LOOP BW VOUT V V2
R= P=
VN, R3 = fCL I R
A R3 IN+
GAIN FROM = – R2
“B” TO OUTPUT R1 I= current (A)
P= power (W)
4kTR3
R= resistance (𝛀)
V= voltage (V)
2
R2
VN2 + 4kTR3 + 4kTR1
R1 + R2
RTI NOISE = BW ×
2 2
R1 × R2 R1
+ IN+2 R32 + IN–2 + 4kTR2
R1 + R2 R1 + R2

Resistor Johnson Noise Formula

RTO NOISE = NG × RTI NOISE BW = 1.57 fCL

RTI = REFER TO INPUT 10,000

RTO = REFER TO OUTPUT

1000

en 100

Closed-Loop Frequency Response nV

for Voltage Feedback Amp Hz

10

GAIN
(dB)
1

0
10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M
RESISTANCE (𝛀)
OPEN- LOOP
LOOP 6dB/OCTAVE
GAIN ROLL-OFF VR = 4kTRB
GAIN

where:
VR = resistor Johnson Noise spectral density
k= Boltzmann’s constant (1.38 × 10–23 J/K)
CLOSED- T= absolute temperature in Kelvin
NOISE
LOOP GAIN R= resistance in Ohms
GAIN B= bandwidth in Hz

At 25°C, 4kT = 1.65 × 10–20 W/Hz

CLOSED-LOOP BANDWITH
therefore, VR = 1.65 × 10 –20RB
LOG FREQUENCY

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Common 1% Resistor Values Common Capacitor Values
1% standard values decade multiples are available from 10.0 Ω pF pF pF pF 𝛍F 𝛍F 𝛍F 𝛍F 𝛍F 𝛍F 𝛍F
through 1.00 MΩ (also 1.10 MΩ, 1.20 MΩ, 1.30 MΩ, 1.50 MΩ, 1.0 10 100 1000 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100 1000 10,000
1.60 MΩ, 1.80 MΩ, 2.00 MΩ, and 2.20 MΩ). 1.1 11 110 1100
1.2 12 120 1200
Standard base resistor values are given in the following table for 1.3 13 130 1300
the most commonly used tolerance (1%), along with typically 1.5 15 150 1500 0.015 0.15 1.5 15 150 1500
available resistance ranges. To determine values other than the 1.6 16 160 1600
base, multiply the base value by 10, 100, 1000, or 10,000. 1.8 18 180 1800
2.0 20 200 2000
2.2 22 220 2200 0.022 0.22 2.2 22 220 2200
10.0 10.2 10.5 10.7 11.0 11.3 11.5 11.8 12.1 12.4 12.7 13.0 2.4 24 240 2400
2.7 27 270 2700
13.3 13.7 14.0 14.3 14.7 15.0 15.4 15.8 16.2 16.5 16.9 17.4 3.0 30 300 3000
3.3 33 330 3300 0.033 0.33 3.3 33 330 3300
17.8 18.2 18.7 19.1 19.6 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.1 22.6 23.2 3.6 36 360 3600
3.9 39 390 3900
23.7 24.3 24.9 25.5 26.1 26.7 27.4 28.0 28.7 29.4 30.1 30.9 4.3 43 430 4300
4.7 47 470 4700 0.047 0.47 4.7 47 470 4700
31.6 32.4 33.2 34.0 34.8 35.7 36.5 37.4 38.3 39.2 40.2 41.2 5.1 51 510 5100
5.6 56 560 5600
42.2 43.2 44.2 45.3 46.4 47.5 48.7 49.9 51.1 52.3 53.6 54.9 6.2 62 620 6200
6.8 68 680 6800 0.068 0.68 6.8 68 680 6800
56.2 57.6 59.0 60.4 61.9 63.4 64.9 66.5 68.1 69.8 71.5 73.2
7.5 75 750 7500
8.2 82 820 8200
75.0 76.8 78.7 80.6 82.5 84.5 86.6 88.7 90.9 93.1 95.3 97.6
9.1 91 910 9100

Common Amplifier Packages

Resistor Color Codes and Thermal Impedances
±1% Lead Typical
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Package Leads Dimensions Pitch Theta
±2% 6-lead WLCSP (mm)
0 Black (mm) JA (°C/W)
±5%
1 Brown 8-lead MSOP WLCSP 6 0.95 × 1.45 0.50 200
0 1 ±10%
2 Red
5-lead SC70 SC70 5 2.00 × 1.25 0.65 580
3 Orange
4 Yellow 15k SOT-23 5 2.90 × 1.60 0.95 119
EXAMPLE 10-lead MSOP
5 Green 0 0 ×1 5-lead SOT-23 SOT-23 6 2.90 × 1.60 0.95 169
6 Blue 1 1 1 ×10
7 Purple 2 2 2 ×100 SOT-23 8 2.90 × 1.60 0.65 160
8 Grey 3 3 3 ×1000 8-lead TSSOP
4 4 4 ×10000 6-lead SOT-23 LFCSP 8 2.00 × 3.00 0.50 145
9 White
5 5 5 ×10
1% Brown LFCSP 16 4.00 × 4.00 0.50 63
6 6 6 ×100
2% Red 7 7 7
8-lead SOT-23 16-lead TSSOP MSOP 8 3.00 × 3.00 0.65 214
5% Gold 8 8 8
10% Silver 9 9 9
MSOP 10 3.00 × 3.00 0.50 196
Color Codes 5 Band Resistors
TSSOP 8 3.00 × 4.40 0.65 141
16-lead LFCSP 8-lead SOIC

TSSOP 16 5.00 × 4.40 0.65 113

SOIC 8 4.90 × 3.90 1.27 121

14-lead SOIC
SOIC 14 8.65 × 3.90 1.27 93

SOIC 16 9.90 × 3.90 1.27 56

16-lead SOIC PDIP 8 9.27 × 7.10 2.54 85

Packages are shown

approximately 2× actual size.

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respective owners. G06436-0-4/11(B)