2011 - Terminology Banks Administration. Taken from English for Engineering.

PILE FOUNDATIONS

From a structural perspective, pile foundation can be divided into two categories: end-bearing
piles and friction piles.
End-bearing piles are driven or bored through soft ground in order to attain firm substrata below.
The pile then transmits load vertically to firm subsoil or bedrock. The soft ground surrounding the
sides of the pile is structurally redundant.
Friction piles counteract downward loads from the structure through frictional resistance
between the sides of the pile and the surrounding ground, and do not therefore rely on firm
substrata. In some cases, the diameter of the concrete at the pile’s base is widened by
compaction, allowing the increased area to give the friction pile a certain degree of end-bearing
resistance.

A. Read and Determine.

Type of text:........................................................................................

Specialised area:................................................................................

B. Read the text and write the question to the following answers.

1. .............................................................................................................
Two, : end-bearing piles and friction piles.

2. .............................................................................................................
They are driven or bored through soft ground

3. .............................................................................................................
Vertically

4. .............................................................................................................
Structurally redundant.

5. .............................................................................................................
Through frictional resistance between the sides of the pile and the surrounding ground.

6. .............................................................................................................
The diameter of the concrete at the pile’s base

7. .............................................................................................................
It gives the friction pile a certain degree of end-bearing resistance.

C Identify the terms.

D Translate the paragraph. Everytime a word is looked up, you need to write the source.

E Write your term index cards using the directions seen in classes.