Gas Dynamics 2003-03-03

Fanno
Compressible flow l 1-D flow with friction
l adiabatic but entropy always increase
l Mach always increase
l choking
Fanno
l L* and friction factor f

2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines

Fanno Fanno flow, 1D with friction

γ p2 M 1 T2 Subsonic Supersonic
ρC = p M = mass flux =
RT p1 M 2 T1 l M, increase l M, decrease
no momentum eq used  γ − 1 2 l To , constant l To , constant
1 + M1 
γ −1 2  T2  
= c pT 1 +
C2 2 l Ts , decrease l Ts , increase
h+ M  = energy flux =
2  2  T1  γ − 1 2  l p s , decrease l p s , increase
1 + M2 
 2  l p o , decrease l p o , decrease

2 ( (γ +1) / ( 2 (γ −1) ) )
po 2 po 2 p2 p1 M 1  2 + (γ − 1)M 2 
= =  
po1 p2 p1 po1 M 2  2 + (γ − 1)M 12 
Always irreversible in this direction
2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines

Fanno Fanno
Subsonic in, Supersonic in, Subsonic in, Supersonic in,
p o in given mass flow given p o in given mass flow given
l give ps out l give ps out l reduce friction loss by l reduce friction loss by
n change mass flow to n fix expansion or shock lower velocity, less subsonic flow
fit, independent of from outlet mass flow l costs a shock loss
outflow Mach number n put a normal shock in
pipe
n L>L* always a normal
shock

2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines

Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 1

Gas Dynamics 2003-03-03

1D flow Oblique shocks

M=1
l Shock is a property (Huginiot)
T
l Co-ordinate transformation to
M<1 a constant velocity along a normal shock
M=1 l Streamline slope jump
l Corner flow in practice
M>1

s
2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 2003-03-03 Ulf Håll, Turbomachines
Chap4

Ulf Håll, Turbomachines 2