cÖKvkK †K Gg Avwgbyj nK

mvweqvbMi, AóMÖvg, wK‡kviMÄ

me©¯^Z¡ cÖKvkK KZ…©K msiw¶Z

cÖKvk cÖ_g cÖKvk : 15 AvM÷ 1988

wØZxq cÖKvk : 15 AvM÷ 2003
Z…Zxq ms¯‹iY : 15 AvM÷ 2008

AMI AL-BADAR BOLCHHI

Written and Published by K M Aminul Hoque
Sabianagar, Austagram, Kishorganj
3 rd Edition : 15 August 2008
31 Shraban 1415 BS

1 2

786
Ò†Zvgv‡`i wK n‡jv †h, †Zvgiv msMÖvg
Ki‡e bv Avj­vni c‡_ Ges Amnvq
bi-bvix I wkï‡`i Rb¨? hviv e‡j, †n
Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK! G Rbc` hvi
Awaevmx Rvwjg, Zv n‡Z Avgv‡`i‡K
Ab¨Î wb‡q hvI; †Zvgvi wbKU †_‡K
KvD‡K Avgv‡`i AwffveK K‡iv Ges
†Zvgvi wbKU †_‡K KvD‡K Avgv‡`i
mnvq K‡iv|Ó (m~iv wbmv : 75)
3 4
AvIjv‡` ivm~j (mvt)
knx` mvB‡q` gvngy` gv¯—vdv Avj gv`vbx (it)
Dcgnv‡`‡ki †kªô cvj©v‡g›Uvwiqvb
Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg w`kvix
knx` †gŠjfx dwi` Avng`
W±i nvmvb-D¾-Rvgvb (mv‡eK Aa¨vcK XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq)
W±i ˆmq` mv¾v` †nvmv‡qb (mv‡eK wfwm ivRkvnx BDwbfvwm©wU
I XvKv BDwbfvwm©wU)
Avie we‡k¦i Awemsevw`Z wnReyj­vn †bZv wec­ex exi
nvmvb bvmi“j­vn Ges †PPwbqv wdwjw¯—b BivK AvdMvwb¯—vb
wdwjwcb iwn½v gymjgvb I Kvk¥x‡ii ¯^vaxbZvKvgx knx` Ges
71-Gi knx` gynvwRi I AMwYZ knx`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨
 f~wgKv
Avwg Avje`i wQjvg| GKvˇii wm×vš— Avgvi wbR¯^| Avgvi we‡e‡Ki mv‡_
civgk© K‡i G wm×vš— Avwg wb‡qwQjvg| †Kvb `j †Kvb †Mvôx A_ev †Kvb
e¨w³ G wm×vš— Avgvi Ici Pvwc‡q †`qwb| Av‡eM Øviv ZvwoZ n‡q A_ev
†Kvb wKQz‡Z cÖjyä n‡q GB wm×vš— wb‡qwQjvg GK_v mZ¨ bq| e›`y‡Ki b‡ji
gy‡L G wm×vš— wb‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ ZvI bq|
2kÕ eQ‡ii †Mvjvgxi BwZnvm, mgmvgwqK wn›`y Pµvš—, d¨vwm÷ AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi AZxZ Kvh©Kjvc, Z_vKw_Z mgvRZš¿x‡`i `yiwfmwÜ me wg‡j 25†k
gv‡P©i ci Avgvi we‡e‡K GKUv S‡ov nvIqv eB‡Z _v‡K| Avgvi Zvi“Y¨‡K
cwiw¯’wZi myjf wkKv‡i cwiYZ n‡Z gb mvq †`qwb| evi evi gb‡K cÖkœ
K‡iwQ: G‡`‡k BU KvV `vjvb¸‡jv I Ab¨vb¨ Ro c`v‡_©i gZ Avwg bxie
`k©K n‡q †evevi gZ `uvwo‡q _vKe? GB AvZ¥NvZx loh‡š¿i †kl †Kv_vq?
†h wn›`y¯—vb Zvi wb‡Ri †`‡k nvRvi nvRvi mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vi m„wó K‡i
gymjgvb‡`i wbab Ki‡Q, †mB fviZ Kx ¯^v‡_© c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡bi AvU †KvwU
gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ `i‡` D”QwmZ n‡q DVj?
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ZrKvjxb aŸsmvZ¥K ZrciZv 54 nvRvi eM©gvBj GKwU
f~LʇK †mB †`‡ki gvbyl‡K w`‡q c`vbZ Kivi fviZxq cÖqvm e‡j Avgvi
aviYv nj| g‡b nj G‡`‡ki 8 †KvwU gymjgvb‡K w`j­xi AvÁven †mev`v‡m
cwiYZ Ki‡Z Pvq AvIqvgx jxM| Bmjvgx RRev‡Zi Nygš— mËv Avgvi g‡a¨
†R‡M DVj| Avwg mewKQz †R‡b ï‡b wm×vš— wbjvg| Avgvi wcZv A_ev
wcZvgn‡`i Avkv-AvKv•¶v †QPwj­‡ki MYiv‡qi mc‡¶ nvwZqvi Zz‡j
wbjvg| mwµq Ask wbjvg cÖwZ‡iva jovB-G| Zvici i“k-fviZ A¶kw³i
me loh‡š¿i †kl cwiYwZ nj 16B wW‡m¤^i| P~ovš— wech©q nj| wew”Qbœ nj
†`k| GK fq¼i weåvwš—i MY‡Rvqvi‡K evwji euva w`‡q †VwK‡q ivLvi †Póv
K‡iwQ, cvwiwb| †`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨KwU Rbc` ivRc_ MÖvg Avi M‡Ä †`k‡cÖwgK
gvbyl¸‡jv jvwÃZ i³v³ nj| gxig`biv wbw¶ß nj gxiRvd‡ii KvivMv‡i|
AvwgI Kviv cÖ‡Kv‡ô Aš—ixY njvg| Avgvi 40 eQi Kviv`Ê nj| Avwg
†`‡LwQ wePviK wb‡RB wQ‡jb Avgvi †P‡q Amnvq|
Gici cÙv †gNbv hgybvq A‡bK cvwb Mwo‡q †M‡Q| gywR‡ei cÖwZkÖ“Z 3
eQiI †cwi‡q †Mj| fq¼i nZvkv, ˆbivR¨, A_©‰bwZK msKU wN‡i emj
†MvUv RvwZ‡K| MjvevwR Avi mš¿vm w`‡q we‡eKevb cÖwZev`x gvby‡li
5 6
Kɇiva Kivi †Póv Ae¨vnZ _vKj| wKš‘ Zey gywRe aygvwqZ MY-
Am‡š—vl‡K XvK‡Z e¨_© nj| c‡bi AvM÷ m~h© IVvi Av‡MB my‡ßvwÌZ
†gvngy³ †`k‡cÖwgK ˆmwbK‡`i ¸jx‡Z gywR‡ei eyK we`xY© nj| Zvi Lyb Avi
jv‡ki Ici cv w`‡qB m¤¢eZ †mw`b G‡`‡k m~‡h©v`q n‡qwQj| eyK fiv
wbtk¦vm wb‡qwQj G‡`‡ki †KvwU †KvwU gvbyl| †mw`b Zvi V¨vOv‡i evwnbx jvj
bxj wewPÎ evwnbx Zvi mg_©K Rv‡jg jy‡Uivi `j fxi“ k„Mv‡ji gZ jywK‡q
wQj AÜKvi MnŸ‡i| †mw`b evOvjxi †Pv‡L AkÖ“ bq Dj­v‡mi nvwm †`‡LwQj
c„w_ex|
Avgiv KvivMvi †_‡K RvZxq Rxe‡bi GB bvUK¸‡jv bxie `k©‡Ki gZ
†`Ljvg| †evev †kªvZvi gZ ï‡b †Mjvg A‡bK wKQz| Avgv‡`i wK KiYxq
Av‡Q? GKvˇi Avgv‡`i we‡eK Avgv‡`i mËv me †kl n‡q †M‡Q| Avgv‡`i
nvZ Av‡Q nvwZqvi †bB Z~b Av‡Q, Zxi †bB|
KvivMvi wQj GKwU bvU¨gÂ| `„k¨cU e`‡ji mv‡_ mv‡_ GB g‡Â Avm‡Z
ïi“ Kij bZyb bZzb gyL| †cÖwm‡W›U, gš¿x, `j‡bZv, Kg©x I A‡b‡KB| hviv
GBgvÎ ¶gZvmxb wQ‡jb Zv‡`iI wVKvbv nj GB KvivMvi| Kv‡ji mv¶x
n‡q Avgiv mewKQz †`‡LwQ| GB KvivMv‡i Wvb, evg, ga¨ mecš’x †bZv I
Dc‡bZv‡`i †c‡qwQ Zv‡`i A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ Aš—i½ Avjvc n‡q‡Q| ¯§„wZ
†_‡K hZUzKz †c‡iwQ, Avgvi GB mvRvb ¯^iwjwc‡Z †U‡b Avbvi †Póv
K‡iwQ| Gi evB‡iI i‡q‡Q A‡bK wKQz| cieZ©x‡Z Zz‡j aivi Avkv ivwL|
A‡bK †`ix n‡q †M‡Q| KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡q Avgvi mvg‡b wbwñ`ª AÜKvi
Qvov Aewkó wKQz wQj bv| Rxeb I RxweKvi mÜv‡b e¨¯— _vK‡Z n‡q‡Q|
¯§„wZ †ivgš’‡bi mgq †Kv_vq? KvivMv‡ii †kl w`b¸‡jv‡Z †gvnv¤§` dvi“K,
Avãyj gv‡jK I G †K. Gg kwdDj­vn fvB Wv‡qix mieivn K‡i ¯§„wZ¸‡jv
wj‡L ivLvi Rb¨| ˆbivk¨ A_ev Avjm¨, †h Kvi‡YB †nvK bv †Kb †m¸‡jv
wVKgZ wj‡L ivLv nqwb| Z‡e ¯§„wZ‡Z mgy¾¡j n‡q Av‡Q GLbI A‡bK wKQz|
Gi wKQzUv GB eBwU‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q|
A‡bK †`ix n‡jI eBUv cÖKvk Ki‡Z †c‡i Avbw›`Z| Awek¨ Gi Rb¨
evK¯^vaxbZv I MYZvwš¿K cwi‡ekI Acwinvh© wQj| eBwU‡Z Avgvi
gvbwmKZvi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q| Avwg jy‡KvPzwi ivLXvK A_ev wW‡c­vg¨vwmi
Avkªq wbBwb| KvD‡K ¶zYœ KivI Avgvi D‡Ïk¨ bq| †Kej Avgvi wek¦vm‡K
Zz‡j a‡iwQ| Avgvi wek¦vm AwncÖvß A_ev mgv‡jvPbvi D‡a© GgbwU bq|
wbqgZvwš¿K mgv‡jvPbv‡K Avwg ¯^vMZ Rvbve|
Avgvi AZxZ †R‡b ï‡b †h gwnjv Avgv‡K we‡q K‡i‡Qb †mB Av‡bvqviv
L›`Kvi †eexi †cÖiYvq eBUv cÖKv‡k DØy× n‡qwQ| cÎ-cwÎKvi cvZvq cvZvq
†hfv‡e Avje`i‡K ee©iZvi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e `uvo Kivb n‡q‡Q, G‡Z BwZnv‡m
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi m‡eŸ©v”P wWMÖx †bqv GKRb gwnjvi Avgvi cÖwZ weiƒc Qvov
Abyi³ nIqvi †Kvb m½Z KviY †bB| Ggb †Kvb cÖvPy‡h©i †RŠjymI Avgvi
wQj bv| Avgv‡`i wei“‡× cÖwZc‡¶i GKZidv wekªx cÖPviYvq c­vweZ mgv‡Ri
GKRb n‡qI †eex Avgv‡K ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e †¯^”Qvq MÖnY K‡i‡Q| ïi“ †_‡K
Pvc w`‡q Avm‡Q Avgvi AwfÁZvq wbi‡c¶ wKQz †jLvi Rb¨|
Zvi fvlvqÑÔBwZnvm Zvi wbR¯^ MwZavivq GwM‡q P‡j| GKw`b wbi‡c¶
wb‡f©Rvj BwZnvm †jLv n‡e| †mB AvMvgx w`‡bi HwZnvwmK‡`i Rb¨ wKQz Z_¨
†i‡L †h‡Z cvi|Õ †eexi mva KZUzKz c~iY Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ Rvwb bv| Z‡e
Avgvi wew¶ß Kj‡gi AuvPo Av‡jvi gyL †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Q ZviB †cÖiYvqÑ
GK_v ej‡Z wØav †bB|
wewfbœ R‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi wewfbœ msjvc Avwg mwVKfv‡e Zz‡j aivi †Póv
KiwQ| Avgvi GB †jLv KZLvwb myLcvV¨ I mgvw`Z n‡e †mUv Avgvi Rvbvi
K_v bq| weÁ cvVK‡`i Ici Avgvi eBwUi mwVK g~j¨vq‡bi fvi w`w”Q|
eBwUi Z…Zxq ms¯‹iY cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ wewfbœ e¨w³e‡M©i wbKU †_‡K A‡bK
ZvwM` †c‡qwQ| hviv Avgv‡K we‡klfv‡e AbycÖvwYZ I weij mn‡hvwMZv
K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Aa¨vcK gvnvZve DwÏb wK‡kviMÄ, gxi Kv‡mg Avjx
wg›Uz fvB, wewkó e¨vsKvi mymvwnwZ¨K Kjvwgó M‡elK Avãyj gvbœvb fvB,
gvwmK bZzb mdi m¤úv`K mv‡eK QvÎ †bZv gynv¤§` Avkivd †nv‡mb fvB
KvivMv‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq Avgv‡K wKQz †jLvi Rb¨ ej‡Zb Zv‡`i †mB †cÖiYvI
eBwU †jLvi e¨vcv‡i kw³ hywM‡q‡Q| we‡klÁ Wvt Avdmvi wmwÏKx, mn‡hvMx
Aa¨vcK Wvt nvweeyi ingvb, gqgbwmsn †gwW‡Kj K‡jR we‡klÁ Wvt gy¯—vK
Avn¤§`, †gvt Kvgi“j Bmjvg, †gvt wMqvm DwÏb ZvjyK`vi, gynv¤§` Aveyj
Kvjvg AvRv`, W±i gynv¤§` Avãyj jwZd, †gvt Avãyj Kvn&nvi, Gm Wvwe­D
wf dwi`v Bqvmgxb, mv‡eK QvÎ †bZv BgwZqvR Avn¤§` Lvb, mv‡eK †Kw›`ªq
QvÎ †bZv RvwKi †nv‡mb (gyKzj), Av³vi D¾-Rvgvb, †gvt Gbvgyj nK,
gynv¤§` mvgmywÏb, Gm Gg `yii“j û`v, BwÄwbqvi mvBdzj Bmjvg, wcÖwÝcvj
Avãym mvgv` mv‡ne cÖgy‡Li wbKU Avwg wPi K…ZÁ|
Awb”Qv m‡Ë¡I gy`ªY RwbZ wKQz fyj-ΓwU i‡q †Mj| Avkv Kwi cvVKMY †mUv
¶gvmy›`i `„wó‡Z †`L‡eb| Zey meiKg ΓwU-wePz¨wZi Rb¨ ¶gv †P‡q wbw”Q|
Avwgbyj nK
15 AvM÷, 2008 mvweqv bMi, AóMÖvg, wK‡kviMÄ
7 8
GK
GKvˇii 17 wW‡m¤^i| wK‡kviM‡Ä gyw³evwnbx I wn›`y¯—vbx †mbvi mw¤§wjZ
Avµg‡Yi gy‡L cÖPÊ cÖwZ‡iva n‡q `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q ivRvKvi, Avje`i,
gyRvwn` I cywj‡ki g„Zz¨Kvgx m`m¨iv| 16 wW‡m¤^‡i wn›`y¯—v‡bi nv‡Z cvwK¯—vbx
evwnbx A¯¿ mgc©‡bi ci †h weRq m~wPZ n‡q‡Q, wK‡kviM‡Äi cÖwZ‡iva †hb
Zvi Kj‡¼i wZjK| AmsL¨ †mj cÖwZwbqZ G‡m co‡Q kn‡ii wewfbœ
Ae¯’v‡b| `vjvb¸‡jvi BU L‡m L‡m co‡Q| nZvn‡Zi LeiI Avm‡Q wewfbœ
w`K †_‡K| ¸jx, ARmª ¸jx, e„wói gZ ¸jx, Zey Kv‡iv `ytmvn‡m wPo a‡i‡Q
e‡j g‡b nq bv| cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖPÊ †bkvq Db¥Ë mK‡j| wK‡kviM‡Äi GB
cÖwZ‡iva‡K wekvj mgy‡`ªi †QvU GKwU †XD A_ev ey` ey` †KvbwU eje †mUv
Avgvi Rvbv †bB| SÅv A_ev S‡ov nvIqvi Db¥ËZv †kl n‡q‡Q wbqvRxi
AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi c‡iB, A_©vr Av‡Mi w`b| wKš‘ wK‡kviM‡Äi So ZLbI|
ZLbI cÖPÊ jovB| Avwg Rvwb Gi †kl †Kv_vq| im‡`i cwigvYI Avgvi
Rvbv| mieiv‡ni m¤¢vebv Avi †Kvb w`bB Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Avm‡e bv|
Avgvi RvbevR mnKg©x‡`i mvg‡b cðvr AcmviY A_ev AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi K_v
ejevi `ytmvnm Avgvi †bB| fq¼i `ywðš—v| GZ¸‡jv Rxe‡bi SzuwK! Aš—nxb
AwbðqZvi g‡a¨ Avgvi Av‡cvlnxb wmcvnxiv g„Zz¨i gy‡LvgywL `uvwo‡q jovB
Ki‡Q| Avwg Dévi gZ Qz‡U †eovw”Q GK evsKvi †_‡K Avi GK evsKv‡i,
GK †UªÂ †_‡K Avi GK †Uª‡Â, GK Ae¯’vb †_‡K Avi GK Ae¯’v‡b| mevi
GKB fvlv, †mB 14kÕ eQi Av‡Mi Kvievjvi fvlv, †h fvlvq nhiZ †nv‡mb
(ivt) cÖwZ Zuvi mnMvgxiv AvbyMZ¨ e¨³ K‡iwQ‡jb| DrKÉv Kv‡iv †bB|
mevi †Pv‡L Avi PvIwb‡Z Ae¨vnZ jovB‡qi `„ß kc_ wVK‡i †ei“‡”Q|
Avgvi gb †_‡K `ywðš—vi Kv‡jv †gN ax‡i ax‡i AcmvwiZ n‡”Q| Avgvi
mnKg©x‡`i g„Zz¨‡K nvwm gy‡L eiY Kivi B”Qvi g‡a¨ Avwg nvwi‡q hvw”Q|
14kÕ eQi ci Kvievjvi byZb `„óvš— ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ Avgvi gb‡K Avwg ˆZwi
K‡i †d‡jwQ|
†ejv Mwo‡q G‡jv| m~h©Uv A¯—vP‡j| †Mva~wji iO Avwg †`LwQ| G i‡O c„w_ex
Ggb K‡i †Kvbw`b †`‡LwQ e‡j g‡b nq bv| AvKvkUv jv‡j jvj| m~h©Uvi
eyK we`xY© n‡q i³¶iY n‡”Q| AvnZ m~‡h©i †Mv½vwb †hb iYv½‡b weg~Z©|
g‡b nq i³v³ c_ w`‡qB m~‡h©v`q N‡U| i³-wcQj c_ w`‡q m~h©Uv A¯—vP‡j
X‡j c‡o| `ywbqvi gvbwP‡Î cvwK¯—v‡bi Af~`¨q, KZ ARmª Rxe‡bi
wewbg‡q| KZ Lyb Avi Av¸‡bi c_ AwZµg K‡i gymjgvbiv cvwK¯—vb
cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g 2kÕ eQ‡ii †Mvjvgxi wRwÄi wQu‡o‡Q| gvbwP‡Îi GKUv w`K
†_‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi wPý gy‡Q †dj‡Z †Zgwb i³ Si‡e GUvB ¯^vfvweK|
gmwR` †_‡K Avhvb †f‡m Avmj| ÒAvj­vû AvKevi Avj­vû AvKevi,
Avknv`y Avj& jv-Bjv-nv Bj­vj­vn|Ó Avj­vn& me©‡kªô, Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q Avj­vn&
Qvov †Kvb gvey` bvB| Avgvi gb-gvbwmKZv Avevi †hb kvwbZ n‡q DVj|
bv, †Kvb kw³i Kv‡Q bq Avj­vn&i B”Qvi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y KivB Avgv‡`i
g½j| cvwb wb‡q Ihy Ki‡Z emjvg| Aš—nxb fvebv| G RvwZi AbvMZ
AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi K_v Kíbv K‡i Avgvi `yÕ‡PvL †d‡U cvwb Mwo‡q G‡jv|
AkÖ“ Avi Ihyi cvwb‡Z GKvKvi n‡q †Mj Avgvi gyLgÊj| Avj­vn&i `iev‡i
nvZ ZzjjvgÑÔBqv Avj­vn&, Bqv gvey`, Bqv hvRv I mvRvi gvwjK, mg¯—
RvwZ‡K KwZcq D”Pvwfjvlx ivRbxwZK AÜ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Avgvi G †e¸bvn
KvIg‡K ivRbxwZK‡`i ¸bvMvixi mvRv w`I bv| †Zvgvi Hkx Avhve †_‡K
G‡`i Avkªq `vI|
cÖvY f‡i bvgvR cojvg| ZLb cÖ‡Z¨KwU bvgvRB g‡b nZ Avgvi Rb¨ †kl
bvgvR| gvMwi‡ei bvgv‡Ri †ek wKQz¶Y ci †bRv‡g Bmjvg cvwU©i cÖavb
me©Rb kª‡×q gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei †Uwj‡dvb †cjvg| wZwb Zvi
Avj Rv‡gqvZzj Gg`vw`qv †_‡K Avgv‡K Zje K‡i‡Qb| Avwg †gv‡UI wej¤^
bv K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q Qz‡U †Mjvg| †cuŠ‡Q †`Ljvg gnKzgv Awdmvi Rbve Ave`yi
iwng, gnKzgv cywjk Awdmvi I AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„›` e‡m i‡q‡Qb|
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gnKzgv †m‡µUvix Aa¨vcK wRqvDwÏb‡K †`‡LB Avwg fq¼i
gvbwmK wech©q Abyfe Kijvg| gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡ne GB A‡ji
Ava¨vwZ¥K †bZv, wZwb Avgv‡`i A‡b‡Ki Av‡cvlnxb †cÖiYvi Drm| Zuvi kZ
kZ AbyMvgx GB cÖwZ‡iva hy‡× mwµq Askx`vi| hvB †nvK, Avwg mvjvg w`‡q
Zvi †Kvb wb‡`©k, e³e¨ A_ev civg‡k©i cÖZ¨vkv KiwQjvg| Avgvi †hb g‡b
nw”Qj, wZwb †Kvb GK Av‡cvl dg~©jvq Dcw¯’Z n‡q‡Qb| Avwg `„wó AebZ
9 10
K‡i e‡m _vKjvg †ek wKQz¶Y| gv_v DuPz K‡i gv‡S gv‡S †`LwQjvg,
gIjvbv Acj‡K ZvwK‡q i‡q‡Qb Avgvi w`‡K| Zuvi AkÖ“mRj mKi“Y PvIwb
Avgv‡K weeªZ KiwQj fq¼ifv‡e| bxieZv f½ K‡i ej‡jb, ÒAvwgb,
Kz`i‡Zi dvqmvjv Avgv‡`i mc‡¶ †bB| 54 nvRvi eM©gvB‡ji cuvP-`k
eM©gvBj cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖvPxi w`‡q weåvwš—i †Rvqvi AvUKv‡Z cvi‡e bv|
AvIqvgx jxM †bZviv AvZ¥-mgc©‡Yi cÖ¯—ve wb‡q G‡m‡Qb, Avwg g‡b Kwi
i³¶i‡Yi PvB‡Z A¯¿mseiYB DËg| nK-evwZ‡ji dvqmvjv AvMvgx
w`b¸‡jvi Rb¨ †i‡L `vI|Ó Zuvi GB e³‡e¨ A‡bK †e`bv, A‡bK Aš—Rv¡© jv
Avwg †PvL eÜ K‡i †`L‡Z †cjvg| gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei
wb‡`©k‡K D‡c¶v Kivi `ytmvnm Avgvi †bB| †Kbbv ïi“ †_‡K AvR ch©š—
wZwb Avgv‡K Qvqv we¯—vi K‡i †i‡L‡Qb| Zvi mn‡hvwMZvq Ges mr civg‡k©
mg¯— Ab¨vq AcK‡g©i fvMvo¸‡jv‡K Avwg wbg~©j Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ| Avgvi GI
wek¦vm wQj †h wZwb †Kvb Ab¨vq A‡hŠw³K civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib bv| G
QvovI Avgv‡`i GB eqmUv Av‡eM Øviv ZvwoZ, Avi wZwb Gi evB‡i †_‡K
cwiw¯’wZ‡K mwVKfv‡e †`L‡Qb| Avwg Zvi wb‡`©k †g‡b wbjvg mnRfv‡e|
Avwg †gv‡UI †`ix bv K‡i gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡ne‡K Zuvi wb‡`©k
cvj‡bi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q we`vq wbjvg| †`Ljvg Aa¨vcK wRqvDwÏb cÖPÊ
Av‡µv‡k Avgvi w`‡K †P‡q Av‡Q| wd‡i Gjvg Avgvi †Wivq|
¯^í mg‡qi g‡a¨B wewfbœ Ae¯’vb †_‡K mg¯— MÖ“‡ci KgvÛvi‡K †W‡K
cvVvjvg| civg‡k© emjvg| A‡b‡KB †kl Aewa hy× Pvwj‡h hvIqvi K_v
e¨³ Kij| wKš‘ Gi †kl †Kv_vq? Avwg †evSv‡bvi †Póv Kijvg, i³v³
cwiYwZ Qvov Gi Avkve¨ÄK †Kvb w`KB Aewkó †bB| AviI ejjvg,
gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡ne hy×-weiwZi mc‡¶ mycvwik Kiv‡Z Zuvi
Abymvix gyRvwn`iv i‡Yf½ w`‡e| GQvovI ¸jxi gIRy` wbt‡k‡li c‡_| G
wb‡q nq‡Zv ev K‡qK N›Uv A_ev K‡qKw`b jo‡Z m¶g ne| wKš‘ Zvici?
ZviciI hw` mvnv‡h¨i nvZ m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡i †Kvb evwnbxi GwM‡q Avmvi
m¤¢vebv _vK‡Zv, Zvn‡j †h †Kvb SzuwK †bqv m½Z g‡b KiZvg| wewfbœ
Av‡jvPbv ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Avgiv wm×v‡š— †cuŠQjvg, mgq I my‡hvMgZ †h
hLb cv‡i Avgvi RvbevR †hv×viv iYv½b cwiZ¨vM Ki‡e| Avgv‡`i GKUv
myweav wQj hv cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i wQj bv| Zv nj, MYÑAvei‡Y Mv XvKv
†`Iqvi myweav| †h‡nZz Avgv‡`i fvlv, eY©, †cvkvK-AvkvK Ges Pjv‡divi
e¨vcv‡i cÖwZc¶‡`i mv‡_ †Kvb e¨eavbB wQj bv| mevB †gvUvgywU hyׇK
Gwo‡q wbR wbR `vwq‡Z¡ iYv½b cwiZ¨vM Kivi wm×vš— DcbxZ nIqv m‡Ë¡I
ivZ 10Uv bvMv` gIjvbv Ave`yi ReŸvi mv‡n‡ei †Q‡j Bg`v`yj nK Ges
knx`yj­vn Avgv‡K bv Rvwb‡q gyRvwn`, ivRvKvi, Avje`i I kn‡ii AwZ
Drmvnx gvbyl‡`i wb‡q hy× Pvwj‡q hvIqvi mc‡¶ iv¯—vq iv¯—vq wgwQj †ei
K‡i| †`Ljvg, Bmjv‡gi ˆmwbK‡`i Av‡Z¥vrmM© Kivi DÏxcbv Avgvi
wbqš¿‡Yi evB‡i P‡j †M‡Q| Avgvi mnKg©x AmsL¨ Zi“Y-cÖv‡Yi Ki“Y
cwiYwZi K_v †f‡e Avgvi eyK Pvcov‡Z B‡”Q KiwQj| µgk Avgiv
Amnvq‡Z¡i †`vi †Mvovq GwM‡q Pjjvg| Avgv‡`i `yR©q e›`y‡Ki bj ax‡i
ax‡i †evev n‡q †Mj| 18 ZvwiL mKv‡j Bg`v`yj nK Ges knx`yj­vn‡K
gyw³‡dŠRiv wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kij| Ab¨w`‡K iv‡ÎB Avi GK cÖwZwµqv j¶¨
Kijvg, ivRvKvi cÖavb gIjvbv gwnDwÏb Avhgx m¤¢eZ gyw³evwnbxi
mnvbyf~wZ cvIqvi cÖZ¨vkvq GK AwZ Drmvnx f~wgKv wb‡jb|
Avj Rv‡gqvZzj Gg`vw`qv †_‡K gvBK wb‡q gIjvbv Avhgx me©Î †NvlYv
w`‡jb †h, AvMvgx Kvj gyw³‡dŠR AgyK AgyK moK w`‡q cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
Avgv‡`i fvB‡qiv Zv‡`i cÖ‡ek c‡_ †Kvb evavi m„wó bv K‡i Awfb›`b
Rvbv‡e| Ges knxw` gmwR‡`i m¤§yLfv‡M Avgv‡`i evwnbx A¯¿ mgc©Y
Ki‡e| Pzw³gZ KvD‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv n‡e bv| Ggb wK †Kvb cÖwZ‡kva †bqv
n‡e bv| gIjvbv Avhgxi GB †NvlYvI wQj Avgvi wb‡`©‡ki evB‡i| gIjvbv
Avhgx nq‡Zv cwiw¯’wZi Pv‡c wew`kv n‡q AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i
cÖwZkÖ“wZ‡K ivm~jyj­vni (mvt) g°v weR‡qi cÖwZkÖ“wZi gZ †f‡e e‡mwQ‡jb|
wKš‘ GiI cwiYwZ ïf nj bv| kn‡i Xy‡K gyw³‡dŠR‡`i cÖ_g ¸jx hvi eyK
we`xY© Kij, wZwbB n‡jb †mB gwnDwÏb Avhgx| G QvovI gIjvbv †n`v‡qZ
Dj­vnmn Av‡iv cuvP-Qq R‡bi kvnv`‡Zi Lei Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m †cuŠQj|
Iw`‡K iv‡Î AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i cÖwZkÖ“wZi †cÖw¶‡Z GKwU Lmov
Pzw³cÎ cÖYqb Kiv nq| G‡Z AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c¶ †_‡K gnKzgv AvIqvgx
jxM †bZv Wvt gvhnvi“j Bmjvg Ges Avgv‡`i c¶ †_‡K Avwg ¯^v¶i `vb
Kwi| Avgv‡`i cÖwZ Wv³vi mv‡n‡ei wQj Aš—nxb mnvbyf~wZ|
AvZ¥xq cwiRb, RvgvqvZ †bZ…e„›` I Av‡iv A‡b‡KB Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i
wbwðZ g„Zz¨i Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K mgc©Y Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Dc‡`k w`‡jb|
Zviv e‡jb wbivc` Avkª‡q Avgv‡K m‡i hvIqvi Rb¨| RvZxq e„nr ¯^v_© I
11
fwel¨r Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ Avgvi Rxeb i¶vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi K_v evi
evi D‡j­L Ki‡jb| G m‡Ë¡I Avgvi gb mvov w`j bv †gv‡UI| †Kbbv Avgvi
kZ kZ RvbevR mnKg©x‡`i Awbwð‡Zi g‡a¨ †d‡j †h‡Z we‡eK mvq w`j
bv| Avwg Avgvi wbwðZ g„Zz¨ †R‡bI i‡q †Mjvg|
mKv‡j GjvKvi 30Rb †bZ…e„›`mn Wv³vi gvhnvi mv‡n‡ei evmvq mg‡eZ
njvg| Zvi †Pv‡L gy‡L wPš—v Avi D‡Ø‡Mi Qvqv| wKš‘ ¤­vb †n‡m evievi wZwb
Avk¦vm w`‡”Qb| Zvi PvIwb‡Z `ytwPš—vi ¯úóZv †`‡L g‡b nj m¤¢eZ wZwb
gyw³‡dŠR‡`i Ici fimv Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| †Kbbv wZwb kni Ny‡i †`‡L
G‡m‡Qb, gyw³‡dŠRiv kZ kZ gvbyl‡K kn‡i Xy‡K ee©‡ivwPZfv‡e nZ¨v
K‡i‡Q| g‡b nj wZwb fve‡Qb, Zv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Zvi AvwkªZ e¨w³‡`i
Dci nq‡Zv ev gyw³‡dŠR PovI n‡Z cv‡i| Avwg ejjvg, ÒWv³vi mv‡ne,
Avgv‡`i PvB‡Z m¤¢eZ Avcwb wb‡RB AmnvqZ¡ Abyfe Ki‡Qb †ekx|
Avcbvi A‡bK mw`”Qv _vKv m‡Ë¡I Avcwb Avcbvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ ivL‡Z cvi‡eb
bv| Gi †P‡q gyw³‡dŠR PovI nevi Av‡M Avcwb Avgv‡`i‡K wn›`y¯—vbx
evwnbxi Kv‡Q mgc©Y K‡i w`b|Ó wKsKZ©e¨weg~p Wv³vi mv‡ne Avgvi K_v
†_‡K †hb mw¤^Z wd‡i †c‡jb| Avgvi K_v¸‡jv Zvi cQ›` nj|
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e wZwb fviZxq Kg©-KZ©v‡`i wbKU †Uwj‡dvb Ki‡j †mbvevwnbx
G‡m Avgv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i †ndvR‡Z wb‡jv| ZLb m¤¢eZ †ejv 2Uv n‡e|
wn›`y¯—vbx ˆmwbKiv Avgv‡`i‡K wbivcËv †eóbx w`‡q Zv‡`i †ndvRZLvbvi
w`‡K wb‡q Pj‡jb| c‡_ gyw³evwnbxi GKwU `‡ji mv‡_ †`Lv nj| Zviv
m¤§vwbZ †bZv gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjxi cv‡q a‡i mvjvg Ki‡jv, G‡`i
Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb K¨vc‡Ub gwZDi ingvb| eZ©gv‡b wZwb AemicÖvß †gRi|
hvB †nvK, B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avgiv miKvix nvB¯‹z‡j G‡m †cuŠQjvg| GLvbKvi
Kgbi“‡g †mbvevwnbxi †ndvR‡Z Avgv‡`i ivLv nj|
AvQ‡ii mgq b¨v‡ci GKUv `j‡K Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v‡bi w`‡K Avm‡Z
†`Ljvg| Giv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Pv`i Mv‡q †`qv| KvQvKvwQ G‡m wR‡Ám Kij,
ÒAvje`i KgvÊvi †Kv_vq?Ó Avwg †ewi‡q Gjvg| Avgvi evwnbxi MÖ“c
KgvÊvi RvwKi fvB‡K †W‡K evB‡i Avbv nj| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Pv`‡ii ga¨ †_‡K
†jvnvi iW †ewi‡q G‡jv| ïi“ nj †jvnvi iW w`‡q wbg©g wbh©vZb| RvwKi
fvB‡qi gv_v †d‡U `i `i K‡i i³ Mwo‡q coj| i³mœvZ n‡q DV‡jb
12
RvwKi fvB| Avgvi Dci Pj‡Z jvMj GKB wbh©vZb| GKRb AvNv‡Zi ci
AvNvZ K‡i K¬vš— n‡j Avi GKRb ïi“ K‡i| Gfv‡e µgvMZ wbh©vZb Avgvi
kixi †bwZ‡q coj| Wvb nv‡Z †cjvg cÖPÊ AvNvZ| RvwKi fvB‡qi gZ
Avgvi gv_v nq‡Zv ¶Z-we¶Z n‡e Ggb Avk¼v K‡i Avwg evg nv‡Z †jvnvi
iW †P‡c aijvg| wZb Pvi R‡b Uvbv-†nuPov K‡iI Iiv Avgvi nvZ †_‡K iW
Qvwo‡q wb‡Z m¶g nj bv| B‡Zvg‡a¨ wn›`y¯—vbx †m›Uªx G‡m covq Avwg
wb®‹„wZ †cjvg| Iw`‡K Avi GK `j n‡ji †fZi cÖ‡ek K‡i gIjvbv
AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei gv_v dvwU‡q w`j| wZwbI wbwg‡l i³mœvZ n‡q
DV‡jb| Avi GKRb wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q GW‡fv‡KU e`i“¾vgv‡bi nvZ †f‡½
w`j| gymwjg jxM †bZv Ggwc I †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb Rbve Ave`yj
AvIqvj mv‡n‡ei Dci fq¼i AZ¨vPvi Pvjv‡bv nj| G‡Z Zvi Wvb nvZ
†f‡½ hvq| Zvi my¯’ n‡Z A‡bK w`b mgq †bq| eZ©gv‡b wZwb wK‡kviMÄ
†cŠimfvi †Pq¨vig¨vb Ges RbwcÖq Ggwc| †mvjvBKvi †Pqvig¨vb Zvivwgqv
I Zvi eo fvB ev`kvn wgqvi Ici wbh©vZb †hgb wbôzi †Zgwb fqven I
gg©vwš—K| Df‡qiB cyi“lv½ `wo w`‡q †eu‡a wmwjs d¨v‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvM K‡i
†mUv c~~Y© MwZ‡Z Pvwj‡q †`qv nq| Gi d‡j Zuv‡`i AvZ©wPrKvi I
AvnvRvwi‡Z Kvievjvi fqvenZv cÖKU n‡q I‡V| Zuv‡`i cÖmªv‡ei mv‡_
i³¶iY ïi“ nq| †gv‡Ui Dci Avgiv mevB †mBme Rv‡nj eyR`xj I
Kvcyi“‡li †Ljvi mvgMÖx‡Z cwiYZ nB|
ivZ GMviUv| b¨v‡ci †bZ…e„›`‡K Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v‡bi Pvwiw`‡K †Nviv‡div
Ki‡Z †`Lv †Mj| QvÎ BDwbq‡bi †bZv nvbœvb †gvj­v AvmMi fvB‡qi Kv‡Q
G‡m ejj, Òhv K‡i‡Qb Zvi cÖvqwðZ¨ Avcbv‡`i †c‡Z n‡e|Ó m¤¢eZ nvbœvb
†gvj­v AvmMi fvB‡qi K¬vm‡gU e‡j †m Zvi Dci wbj©¾ AvµgY Pvjv‡Z
cv‡iwb|
Ab¨w`‡K †gv‡gbkvnx †Rjv b¨v‡ci mn-mfvcwZ KvRx Ave`yj evix I Zvi
mnKg©xiv wewfbœ K‡¶ cÖ‡ek K‡i wPrKvi K‡i ej‡Z _v‡K, ÒAóMÖv‡gi
Avwgb I †`ŠjZ gIjvbv †Kv_vq?Ó nvbœvb †gvj­v Avgv‡`i K¶ †_‡K Reve
w`j ÔbvÕ GLv‡b †bB, GLvbKvi mK‡jB kn‡ii|Õ m¤¢eZ †m Avgv‡`i
wPb‡Zv bv| †`ŠjZ gIjvbv Avgvi Kv‡b Kv‡b ej‡jbÑ ÔAvwgb e‡j †dwj †h
Avgiv GLv‡b AvwQ| Kvcyi“‡li gZ jywK‡q _vK‡Z gb Pv‡”Q bv|Õ Avwg
13
Zuv‡K wb‡la Kijvg| mevB †hb wbh©vZb †`‡L †`‡L Ges gvi †L‡q †L‡q
gwiqv n‡q D‡V‡Q| KvRx evixiv P‡j †Mj|
c‡i Rvb‡Z cvwi, AóªMÖv‡g Rbmfv K‡i Zviv RbMY‡K Avgv‡`i wei“‡×
D‡ËwRZ K‡i‡Q| KvíwbK ¯^M©iv‡R¨i cÖZ¨vkvq gvZvj gvbyl¸‡jvi KvQ
†_‡K Avgv‡`i‡K cÖKvk¨ duvmx †`qvi mc‡¶ m¤§wZ Av`vq K‡i‡Q|
ivZ 11Uvi w`‡K gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwjg cvKzw›`qv I K¨vc‡Ub gwZDi ingvb
G‡jb| Zuviv Df‡qB gIjvbv AvZnvi Avjx mv‡ne‡K mnvbyf~wZ Rvbv‡jb|
gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwjg mv‡ne Zuvi Mjv Rwo‡q a‡i Kuv`‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jb|
GLv‡b D‡j­L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, m¤¢eZ gIjvbv‡`i g‡a¨ cvKzw›`qv mv‡neB
fviZxq evwnbxi mn‡hvMx n‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †Kb, Zv Avgvi Rvbv †bB| Z‡e
Zuvi cÖwZ Kv‡iv Akª×vI †`wLwb|
K¨vc‡Ub gwZDi ingvb Avgvi cwiPq †c‡q AZ¨š— `yt‡Li mv‡_ ej‡jbÑ
Ò†`‡ki mg¯— MYZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡b †h Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi f~wgKv †mv”Pvi,
†m RvgvqvZ wK K‡i Bqvwnqvi wbcxo‡bi mn‡hvMx n‡Z cvij!Õ Zuvi H
e³e¨ †_‡K Avgvi g‡b nj Rvgvqv‡Zi AZxZ Kg©Kv‡Êi Ici K¨vc‡Ub
gwZDi ingv‡bi aviYv ¯^”Q| Aš—Z GKUv e¨w³‡K Avwg †cjvg, mxgvnxb
ivR‰bwZK a~gªRv‡ji g‡a¨I hvi Aš—‡i i‡q‡Q m‡PZb we‡e‡Ki GB ¶xY
¯ú›`b| Avwg Rvwb, AvR bq, mg‡qi Ave‡Z© GKw`b we‡e‡Ki GB ¶xY
¯ú›`bB †eMevb n‡q DV‡e| Avwg †Kvb Reve bv w`‡q Zuvi w`‡K †P‡q
_vKjvg| Gici G‡jb SDO Lmi“¾vgvb| Zvi m¤^‡Ü wKQz ejv cÖ‡qvRb|
1970 mv‡j Avwg hLb ˆfie K‡j‡Ri QvÎ Ges ˆfie Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni
mfvcwZ, ZLb SDO Lmi“¾vgvb ˆfie †cÖmK¬v‡ei D‡ØvabKv‡j cÖavb
Aw_wZi fvlY w`‡Z wM‡q Av‡jg mgv‡Ri wei“‡× we‡lv`Mvi K‡i e‡jb,
cvwK¯—vb Av‡›`vjb A_ev e„wUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b Av‡jg mgv‡Ri †Kvb
f~wgKv wQj bv| ïay ZvB bq, wZwb Av‡jg mgvR‡K ciMvQv wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
Kivi Ac‡Póv Pvjvb| Avwg †cÖmK¬v‡ei m`m¨ wn‡m‡e Gi cÖwZev` RvbvB|
hvB †nvK, Z_vKw_Z ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡j Rbve Lmi“¾vgvb
wK‡kviM‡Äi e¨vsKmg~n jyU K‡i fviZ cjvqb K‡ib|
wZwb Avgvi e›`x K‡¶ cÖ‡ek K‡i D‡ËwRZfv‡e wPrKvi K‡i e‡jbÑ ÔAvwgb
†Kv_vq?Õ Avwg `uvov‡j wZwb e‡jb, Ò`yÕcqmvi Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ wRnv`
K‡iwQ‡jb| GLb Avgvi nv‡Z wc¯—j _vK‡j ¸jx KiZvg|Ó gIjvbv
14
AvZnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jbÑ Òwkqv‡ji Kvbœv †Mj †Kv_vq?
wkqv‡ji Kvbœvq cvwK¯—vb i¶v nj bv? N„Yv nq, G‡`i gyL †`L‡Z|Ó GLv‡b
D‡j­L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Rbve Lmi“¾vgvb QvÎ msMVb GbGmGd-Gi
mv‡_ RwoZ wQ‡jb| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb †gvRvd&di b¨v‡ci mv‡_ RwoZ nb|
†mB GKB iv‡Î gyw³‡dŠR Avgvi 5kÕ UvKv RyZv gvdjvi Avi nvZNwoUv
wb‡q †Mj| GQvovI hvi Kv‡Q hv wQj meB Zviv †Rvi K‡i wQwb‡q wbj|
mKvj‡ejv Avgiv wn›`y¯—vbx †dŠR‡`i Rvbv‡j Zviv †mB me gyw³‡dŠR‡`i
KvQ †_‡K AcüZ UvKv cqmv I wRwbmcÎ wdwi‡q †`qvi Avk¦vm †`q| wKš‘
†mme †Kvb w`bB Avi wd‡i Av‡mwb| Avgiv RvbZvg †Kvb w`b Ime Avi
wd‡i Avm‡e bv| Z_vKw_Z Av‡›`vj‡bi ïi“ †_‡K w`‡b w`‡b AvIqvgx jxM
Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ †h jyU Kivi gvbwmKZvi m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ggb †Kvb hv`yi
KvwV †bB hv w`‡q G gvbwmKZvi Avg~j cwieZ©b m¤¢e| AevOvjx‡`i m¤ú`
jyU Kivi ga¨ w`‡q Kg©x‡`i we‡eK‡K †K‡o †bqv nq| gyw³hy×Kvjxb mg‡q
Zviv MÖvg-M‡Äi wbixn gvby‡li m¤ú` jyU K‡i| jyU K‡i AMwYZ Kzgvix
†g‡qi B¾Z| c¶vš—‡i Avgiv we‡kl K‡i Avje`i‡`i K_v ejwQ, mvaviY
Kg©x‡`i‡K Kov `„wói g‡a¨ ivLZvg| †Kvb `ye©jZv †Kvb Awf‡hvM †Kvbfv‡e
G‡m co‡j ZwoNwo G e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi e¨e¯’v †bqv nZ| GgbwK Avgv‡`i
†Pv‡Li mvg‡b Kv‡iv Øviv †Kvb ANUb NU‡j Zvi cÖwZKvi K‡iwQ Avgiv
wb‡RivB|
hvB †nvK, GKw`b QvÎjx‡Mi wfwc AvdRvj Rvwb‡q †Mj, Zvi fvlvq
Ôe½eÜzÕ wd‡i Avm‡j wePvi Kiv n‡e| KvD‡K Avi gviv n‡e bv| Z‡e jovB
Ki‡jI Avcbv‡`i e¨vcv‡i †Kvb †bvsivgxi `„óvš— Rvbv †bB| AóªMÖv‡gi
wd‡ivR mv‡neI Abyiƒc AwfgZ e¨³ Ki‡jb|
AvnZ‡`i AvZ©bv`, `ytmn hš¿Yv Ges mve©¶wYK gvbwmK Pv‡ci g‡a¨ G‡K
G‡K 3Uv w`b †cwi‡q †Mj| Avgvi g‡b nZ †hb Avgiv 16 wW‡m¤^‡i g‡i
†MwQ| GLbKvi wbh©vZb‡K Ke‡ii Avhve e‡j Avgvi g‡b n‡Z jvMj|
`‡ji ci `j G‡m Avgv‡`i DZ¨³ Ki‡Z jvMj| Rqevsjv ejvi Rb¨ Pvc
w`‡Z jvMj| Avgv‡`i †KD Pv‡ci gy‡L †mB N„wYZ †k­vMvb D”PviY K‡iwQj
wK bv Avgvi Zv Rvbv †bB| Z‡e G msµvš— GKwU gg©vwš—K NUbv Avgv‡K
AvRI cxov †`q|
15
e›`x`kvi Z…Zxq iv‡Î, m¤¢eZ 21 wW‡m¤^‡ii ivZ †mwU| gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri GKwU
`j G‡m Dcw¯’Z nj| Avgv‡`i e›`x Rxe‡bi mv_x GKRb G¨vWRy‡U›U‡K
a‡i wb‡q †Mj Avgv‡`i KvQ †_‡K| hvevi mgq Kvbœv weRwoZ K‡É we`vq
wb‡jb wZwb| Zvi †mB we`vqB †h †kl we`vq GgbwU aviYv K‡iwb †KD|
c‡i Rvbjvg Rq evsjv ejvi Rb¨ Zv‡K Pvc †`qv nq| †eq‡bU w`‡q LyuwP‡q
LyuwP‡q Zv‡K ¶Z we¶Z Kiv m‡Ë¡I Rq evsjv D”PviY Kiv‡Z e¨_© nq wbg©g
gyw³‡dŠ‡Riv| c¶vš—‡i cÖwZwU †eq‡bU Pv‡R©i mv‡_ mv‡_ bviv‡q ZvKexi
Avj­vû AvKei aŸwb D”PviY KiwQ‡jb Ges jv-Bjvnv Bj­vj­vû †gvnv¤§v`y
ivm~j­vn (mvt) ej‡Z ej‡Z wZwb kvnv`v‡Zi Hkx †bkvq euy` n‡q †M‡jb
wPiw`‡bi Rb¨|
AviI †ek KÕUv w`b P‡j †Mj Aš—nxb Avhv‡ei g‡a¨| Gici `yÕRb
gyw³‡hv×v Avgvi Kv‡Q Avmj, GKRb mygyR Avjx Avi Ab¨Rb wMqvmDwÏb|
GB wMqvmDwÏb hy× ïi“ nevi Av‡M Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kg©x wQj| Zvi
Dcw¯’wZ †mB AvwZ¥K m¤ú‡K©i Uv‡b wKbv Rvwbbv; Z‡e †m Avgvi Rb¨
AZ¨š— fqven I gg©vwš—K msev` wb‡q G‡mwQj, †hUv Avgvi bv ïb‡jB †eva
nq fvj wQj| Zvi KvQ †_‡K Rvbjvg, Avgvi dzdv gaygyÝx whwb 25 eQi
a‡i KL‡bv BDwbqb KvDw݇ji †Pqvig¨vb KL‡bv m`m¨ n‡q †`k †mev
Ki‡Qb Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| fwMœcwZ AvjvDwÏb †gvj­v‡K Ges Zvi
PvPvZ fvB gyZz©R Avjx †gvj­v‡K ¸jx Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvgv Avgvb †g¤^vi wbnZ|
dzdvZ fvB ev`kvn wgqv‡KI euvwP‡q iv‡Lwb| Ab¨ Avi GK AvZ¥xq RR
wgqvI Avi †bB| GQvov AviI A‡bK cÖwZ‡ekx‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨vi BwZe„Ë
eY©bv K‡i †Mj wMqvmDwÏb Avwg wbe©vK n‡q ï‡b †Mjvg| †hb Avgvi Kv‡b
MwjZ †jvnv †X‡j w`j| Amn¨ hš¿Yvq Avgvi `yÕ‡PvL †e‡q e¨_vi AkÖ“ Mwo‡q
coj| Avgvi g‡b nj m¤¢eZ NvZKiv Avgvi mvg‡b `uvwo‡q| Avgvi aviYv
G nZ¨vi †cQ‡b mš¿vmx e`i Ges BDwbqb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ gyZz©R
Avjx I mgy‡Ri mwµq nvZ wQj|
cÖvmw½Kfv‡e Avgv‡K GKUv K_v ej‡Z nq| wMqvDwχbi mn‡hvMx mygyR
Avjx I e`‡ii AZ¨vPv‡i AZxô n‡q µz× RbZv Zv‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ges
c‡i UzK‡iv UzK‡iv K‡i| c‡i Avwg †jŠn hewbKvi Aš—ivj †_‡K G Lei
ïb‡Z cvB| wbDU‡bi Z…Zxq m~Î †hb e¯‘i mxgv †cwi‡q ˆbwZKZvq G‡m
c‡o‡Q| GB m~‡Î ejv nq, cÖ‡Z¨K wµqvi mggyLx I wecixZ cÖwZwµqv
16
i‡q‡Q| Avj-†KviAv‡bi m~‡Î ejv nq, ÔAvwg hw` Rv‡jg‡K w`‡q Rv‡jg‡K
kv‡q¯—v bv KiZvg Zvn‡j c„w_exUv Ryjy‡g cwic~Y© n‡q †hZ|Õ
Avgv‡`i †mbvevwnbxi †ndvR‡Z †bqvi K‡qK gv‡mi g‡a¨ miKvix ¯‹zj
†_‡K wcwUAvB-G ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kivi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq| gyw³‡dŠR I hy‡×i
mv‡_ mswk­ó‡`i gb-gvbwmKZvq Ggb GKUv Kg‡c­‡·i m„wó nq hv‡Z
Avgv‡`i‡K kvwiixK gvbwmK wbh©vZ‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q Zviv gvbwmK myL Abyfe
Ki‡Z _v‡K| Zv‡`i we‡eK Avi Abyf~wZ GgbB cv_‡i cwiYZ nq †h,
mvaviY †mŠRb¨ I gnvbyfeZv Ges DËg wPš—v-†PZbvi GKUzI Aewkó wQj
bv| hvB †nvK, wcwUAvB-G Avgv‡`i wb‡q hvevi mgq e›`x‡`i `y‡Uv mvwi‡Z
`uvo Kiv‡bv nj| GKwU mvwii m¤§y‡L `uvov‡Z nj Avgv‡K| Ab¨wUi mvg‡b
`uvo Kiv‡bv nj kª‡×q gIjvbv AvZvni Avjx mv‡ne‡K| Avgv‡`i‡K miKvix
¯‹zj †_‡K wcwUAvB-Gi w`‡K nuvU‡Z ejv nj| gyw³‡dŠR‡`i aviYv wQj,
iv¯—vi `yÕcvk †_‡K we¶z× RbZv †¶vf, N„Yv, I Zz”Q-Zvw”Q‡j¨i Dw³ w`‡q
Avgv‡`i jvwÃZ Ki‡e| wKš‘ †mUv Avi nj bv| cÖwZwµqv j¶¨ Kijvg Gi
D‡ëv| iv¯—vi `yÕcv‡k `uvwo‡q _vKv †jvK‡`i †PvL †`Ljvg AkÖ“mRj| Kv‡iv
gy‡L †Kvb K_v †bB| Ggb wK wkïivI †evevi gZ `uvwo‡q Av‡Q| Giv wQj
AvgviB cÖwZwôZ wkï cÖwZôvb kvnxb †dŠ‡Ri m`m¨| Avgvi g‡b n‡Z
jvMj, 1757 mv‡j wmiv‡Ri ¯^c‡¶ hviv mwZ¨Kvifv‡e jovB K‡iwQ‡jb
Zuv‡`i‡KI Bs‡iR I Zvi `vjv‡jiv Ggwb K‡i RbZvi mvg‡b w`‡q wb‡q
†M‡Q| 1857 mv‡ji Avhv`x Av‡›`vj‡bi wmcvnx‡`i Ki“Y cwiYwZ †`L‡Z
n‡q‡Q G‡`‡ki wbi“cvq gvbyl‡K|
Rvbyqvixi cÖ_g mßvn| w`bUv wVK Avgvi g‡b †bB| †Kvb GK mKv‡j
†`Ljvg K‡qKRb mv‡eK BwcAvi A_©vr eZ©gvb wewWAvi Gi m`m¨ Avgvi
K‡¶ G‡m Avgv‡K ejjÑ Avcbv‡K e¨viv‡K Zje Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avwg
Zr¶Yvr ˆZwi n‡q †Mjvg| Zv‡`i AbymiY K‡i GwM‡q P‡jwQ| hw`I Zviv
†KD Avgvi Mv‡q nvZ Zz‡jwb wKš‘ wewfbœ KUv¶cv‡Zi AeZviYv K‡i mvivwU
c_ gvbwmK hš¿Yv Ae¨vnZ †i‡LwQj| Ae‡k‡l †÷wWqv‡gi mwbœK‡U G‡m
c_Pjv ¶vš— nj| Avgv‡K wb‡q Avmv nj mvgwiK evwnbxi A¯’vqx e¨viv‡K|
GKwU K‡¶ †jd‡Ub¨v›U Kvgv‡ji mvg‡b Avwg `uvwo‡q AvwQ| Avwg †`Ljvg
Kvgvj mv‡n‡ei †Pv‡L gy‡L fqsKi Av‡µvk Avi †¶v‡fi wPý| g‡b nj,
†Kvb we‡kl gnj †_‡K Avgvi wei“‡× Zvi Kv‡b wel Xvjv n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i
17
wb‡q Kvgvj mv‡ne‡`i gvbwmK fxwZI Kg wQj bv| GZ¶Y wc¯—jUv Zvi
evwj‡ki Kv‡Q wQj| Avgv‡K †`‡L wZwb ZwoNwo nv‡Z wb‡q †cQb w`‡K
mwi‡q w`‡jb| c‡i Avgv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i wZwb ej‡jbÑÔ†Zvgv‡`i KvD‡K
nZ¨v Kiv n‡e bv| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× †hme eªxR KvjfvU© bó n‡q‡Q, Avgiv PvB
†Zvgv‡`i nv‡ZB †mme †givgZ A_ev wbg©vY †nvK|Õ Avwg bxie _vKjvg| G
cÖm‡½ Avgvi Aby”PvwiZ Awfe¨w³ cÖKvk bv Ki‡jI g‡b g‡b e‡jwQjvgÑ
Ô†Zvgv‡`i mg¯— ¸bvni Kvddviv g„Zz¨i †`vi-†Mvovq G‡mI Avgv‡`i w`‡Z
n‡e, †m Avgiv Rvwb| †Zvgiv aŸsm Ki‡e Avgiv Moe| †Zvgiv we‡`kx‡`i
`vjvwj Ki‡e Avi `vjvj wn‡m‡e wPwýZ ne Avgiv| hy‡M hy‡M Bmjv‡gi
ˆmwbKiv mgMÖ RvwZi fy‡ji gvïj w`‡q‡Q Zv‡`i Rxeb w`‡q|Õ
†jt Kvgvj ej‡jbÑ ÔZzwg A‡bK nZ¨vh‡Ái bvqK|Õ Avwg bxie _vKjvg|
†Kbbv Zv‡`i Av‡e‡Mi Kv‡Q Avgvi mg¯— cÖwZev` I e³e¨ Ai‡Y¨‡iv`b
gvÎ| wRÁvmv Ki‡jb, ÔZzwg †Kv_vq †jLvcov Ki‡Z?Õ ejjvgÑ Ôˆfi‡ei
nvRx AvQgZ K‡j‡R|Õ wR‡Ám Kiv njÑ ÔwcÖwÝcvj †Zvgv‡K Rv‡bb?Õ
ejjvg Rv‡bb| wZwb Zr¶Yvr †Uwj‡dvb Ki‡jb| m¤¢eZ fvBm wcÖwÝcvj
nvwbd mv‡ne †Uwj‡dvb wiwmf K‡iwQ‡jb| Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi cÖm‡½ †ek
wKQz¶Y a‡i Avjvc Av‡jvPbv nq| wZwb wK e‡jwQ‡jb Avwg Rvwbbv| Z‡e
†jt Kvgv‡ji †Pnvivq cwieZ©b n‡Z Avwg †`‡LwQ| wiwmfvi †i‡L w`‡q wZwb
Avgv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jbÑ ÒAvcwb gv‡jK‡K †P‡bb?Ó ejjvg, ÔwR¡ nu¨v, wk¶v
Av‡›`vj‡bi AMÖbvqK wZwb| XvKv †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b Zv‡K knx` Kiv nq|Õ
Avwg j¶¨ Kijvg Zvi g‡a¨ Avg~j cwieZ©b| Avgv‡K m‡¤^vab GZ¶‡Y
ÔZzwgÕ †_‡K ÔAvcwb‡Z cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q| wRÁvmvev‡`i cÖ_g w`‡K Avgv‡K
Uz‡j em‡Z †`qv nq| Avwg ewmwb, `uvwo‡q wQjvg GZ¶Y| Kvgvj mv‡ne
†Pqvi GwM‡q w`‡jb| Avwg emjvg| wZwb e‡j P‡j‡QbÑÔXvKv fvwm©wU‡Z
covi mgq Avwg gv‡jK‡K RvbZvg| Lye fvj QvÎ, Zvi g„Zz¨‡Z AvgivI
AvnZ nB, hw`I Avwg QvÎ BDwbq‡b wQjvg| Avwg eyS‡Z cvwi bv, wK AÜ
†gv‡n Avcbviv Ggb SzuwKc~Y© Kv‡R †b‡gwQ‡jb| 8 †KvwU gvby‡li MY‡mªvZ I
cÖPÊ MwZi mvg‡b wK K‡i Avcbviv k~b¨ nv‡Z `uvwo‡q wQ‡jb †mB MwZ cv‡ë
†`Iqvi Rb¨, fve‡j we¯§‡q nZevK nB| A_P Avcbviv jyU K‡iwQ‡jb
GgbwUI bq| ˆelwqK myweav‡fvMxI Avcbv‡`i ejv hv‡e bv| Avcbviv
Avje`‡i hviv i‡q‡Qb Zviv wPš—v-‡PZbvi I †hvM¨Zvi wbwi‡L wePvi Ki‡j
18
†cQ‡bi mvwi bb| A_P fv‡M¨i wK wbg©g cwinvm, Avcbviv AvR AÜ
cÖ‡Kv‡ô g„Zz¨‡K Avwj½b K‡i‡Qb!Õ Avwg bxie †kªvZvi gZ ï‡b †Mjvg|
Gici Avgvi e¨w³MZ cÖm‡½ Avm‡jb wZwb| Avgvi cvwievwiK mg¯— wKQz
Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb| Avgvi Rev‡e cwiev‡ii †h Qq Rb wbnZ n‡q‡Qb †m cÖm½
Aby³ iBj bv| Gici Kvgvj mv‡ne ej‡jb, ÔMYwe‡ivax f~wgKv †bqvi Rb¨
Avcbvi mg¯— cwievi‡K weivU g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| nq‡Zv ev Avcbv‡KI
Avcbvi Rxeb w`‡q Zvi g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡e| Avcbvi wK g‡b nq bv †h Avcwb
GKUv weivU fyj K‡i‡Qb?Õ
Avwg ejjvgÑ ÔAv‡eM-ZvwoZ n‡q Avwg wKQz K‡iwQ e‡j g‡b nq bv| Avwg
hv K‡iwQ A‡bK wPš—v fvebvi ga¨ w`‡qB| Avgv‡`i wm×vš— mwVK wK †ewVK
GUv wbiƒc‡bi mgq GLbI Av‡mwb, AvMvgx w`‡bi BwZnvm Avgv‡`i f~wgKv
wKfv‡e wb‡e †mUvB eo K_v| Z‡e GUv wVK, gymjgvb wn‡m‡e GKRb
m‡PZb bvMwiK wn‡m‡e Avgvi mvg‡b wØZxq †Kvb c_ †Lvjv wQj bv| bxie
`k©‡Ki f~wgKv †bqvi c_I wQj eÜ| GKUv c_ †Lvjv wQj, fvi‡Z cvwo
Rgv‡bv| nu¨v †mLv‡b wM‡qI Avgiv weivU `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cviZvg| wKš‘
†mUv Avgvi c‡¶ †Kvbw`b m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| †Kbbv wn›`y¯—vbx mvnvh¨‡K Avwg
N„Yv Kwi| gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ Zv‡`i nvRvi eQ‡ii ˆeix gvbwmKZvi
AvKw¯§K cwieZ©b †gv‡UI ïf g‡b Ki‡Z cvwi bv| fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k
gymjgvb‡`i `ye©j KivB Zv‡`i j¶¨| gxiRvdi Bs‡iR‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq
wmiv‡Ri cZb NwU‡q wbðq gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨, GgbwK Zvi Rb¨I †Kvb
Kj¨vY †W‡K Av‡bwb| BwZnv‡mi GKB fy‡ji Ave‡Z© Avwg cv ivL‡Z
PvBwb|Õ
ÔhLb cwiw¯’wZ Avwg Ae‡jvKb KiwQ †Kvb c¶ Aej¤^b bv K‡i, Avwg hLb
Avgvi A‡ji gvbyl¸‡jv‡K cvwK¯—vbx †mbvevwnbx Ges gyw³ evwnbxi wbh©vZb
†_‡K euvPvevi wPš—v-fvebvq wbiZ, wVK †m mgq K‡qKevi gyw³ evwnbx Avgvi
evox‡Z nvbv w`‡q Avgv‡K nZ¨vi †Póv Pvjvq| Gi d‡j mv¤cÖwZK åvZ…NvZx
msNv‡Z Z…Zxq †Kvb Ae¯’vb †bqvi c_ Avgvi Rb¨ i“× n‡q hvq|
Kvcyi“‡lvwPZ g„Zy¨‡K Avwj½b Kivi gb-gvbwmKZv †KvbKv‡jB Avgvi wQj
bv| Avwg mwVK wePv‡i g‡›`i fvj wn‡m‡e mwVK wm×vš— I mwVK c_ g‡b
K‡i GKvˇii f~wgKvq AeZxY© nB| GLb Avgiv GKZidv cÖPviYvi
wkKvi|Õ
19
`xN© Av‡jvPbvi g‡a¨ †jt Kvgvj Avgvi LvIqv-`vIqv cÖm‡½ wR‡Ám
Ki‡jb| ejjvg, ÔG Kqw`b Avwg fvZ LvBwb| Amy¯’Zvi A¯^w¯—‡Z Avwg
weeªZ wQjvg| Avgvi mn‡hvMx fvB‡qiv †Kv_vq wKfv‡e evB‡i †_‡K Lvevi
g¨v‡bR Ki‡Zb, †mUv Avgvi Rvbv †bB| Gme †L‡qB i‡qwQ G Kqw`b|Õ
Kvgvj mv‡ne ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcbvi LvIqvi e¨e¯’v Kwi, wK e‡jb?; Avwg wØgZ
†cvlY Kijvg bv| Avgv‡K eveywP©Lvbvq cvwV‡q w`‡jb| Avwg †L‡Z emjvg|
g‡b nj Avwg KZKvj LvBwb| Avi mZ¨ ej‡Z wK G Kqw`b †Mv¯— LvIqv‡Zv
`~‡ii K_v †Pv‡LI †mme †`wLwb| Avwg cig Z…w߇Z †Ljvg| fv‡Zi †P‡q
†Mv¯— †Ljvg †ekx| Gici wd‡i Gjvg AveviI Kvgvj mv‡n‡ei †P¤^v‡i|
G‡m †`Ljvg GLv‡b †KD †bB| Avwg e‡m _vKjvg| Kvgvj mv‡ne wd‡i
G‡m wKQzUv Avgvi mv‡_ mnvbyf~wZmyjf nvév Avjvc ïi“ Ki‡jb| B‡Zvg‡a¨
wn›`y¯—vbx evwnbxi 2 Rb Awdmvi G‡jb| Kvgvj mv‡ne Zv‡`i Awfb›`b
Rvwb‡q Avgv‡K wb‡q Zv‡`i mv‡_ nvwm-gkKvivq AeZxY© n‡jb| GK ch©v‡q
Avgvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb| Avgvi cwiPq w`‡Z wM‡q ÔA‡bK
nZ¨vh‡Ái bvqK AvwgÕÑ G K_v ej‡Z fyj‡jb bv| Avgvi g‡b nj fviZxq
Awdmviiv ivRcyZ| Zuviv KL‡bv wn›`x‡Z KL‡bv Bs‡iRx‡Z K_v ejwQ‡jb|
Zviv Avgv‡K ej‡jbÑ Ôevsjv‡`‡ki nvRvi nvRvi cÖMwZkxj QvÎ fvi‡Z
†Uªwbs wb‡q cvwK¯—v‡bi wei“‡× jovB K‡i‡Q, Zv m‡Ë¡I Avcwb †Kb †`‡k
i‡q †M‡jb?Õ ejjvgÑ ÔAvwg fviZ‡K KLbI wnZv•¶x g‡b Kwiwb|Õ
Zviv ej‡jbÑÔAvcbvi aviYv wQj cvwK¯—vb wU‡K hv‡e Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi KvQ
†_‡K ˆelwqK my‡hvM myweav †bqvi e¨vcv‡i msNvZKvjxb f~wgKv Avcbvi Rb¨
n‡e GKwU weivU mvwU©wd‡KU|Õ ejjvgÑ ÔˆelwqK †jvf jvjmvi evB‡i †_‡K
Avgiv Avgv‡`i f~wgKv †i‡LwQ| ïaygvÎ Cgv‡bi `vex Avgvi Kv‡Q hv wQj
ZvB K‡iwQ| Gi evB‡i wPš—v Kivi †Kvb AeKvkB Avgv‡`i wQj bv Ges
GLbI †bB|Õ
Ñ Avcwb Kx Ki‡Zb?
Ñ QvÎ wQjvg| QvÎ wn‡m‡e QvÎ msMVb ÔBmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni m`m¨ wQjvg|Õ
ÑAvcwb KZRb †jvK nZ¨v K‡i‡Qb?
ÑÔiYv½‡b KZRb g‡i‡Q †mUv Avgvi Rvbv †bB, Avwg cÖZ¨¶ jovB‡q wQjvg
bv| mvwe©K cwiPvjbv K‡iwQ| wb‡R ¸jx Pvjv‡bvi AeKvk Avgvi wQj bv|
20
Z‡e hy× PjvKvjxb †KD wbnZ n‡q _vK‡j Zvi `vq-`vwqZ¡ AvgviB, †Kbbv
Avgvi †bZ…‡Z¡ hy× cwiPvwjZ n‡q‡Q| KZRb gviv †M‡Q †mUv Avgv‡`i
PvB‡Z Avgv‡`i cÖwZc¶ivB mwVK ej‡Z cvi‡e| jovB‡qi gq`v‡b
nZvn‡Zi e¨vcviUv †Kvb we‡kl NUbv bq|Õ
Zviv ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcbv‡`i MÖv‡g-M‡Ä Ges gnKzgv kn‡i †h cÖvPyh© Avgiv
†`‡LwQ, Avgv‡`i †Rjv kni¸‡jv‡ZI †Zgb †bB, Zv m‡Ë¡I GLvbKvi
Zi“Yiv we‡`ªvnx n‡q mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g AeZxY© nj †Kb GUv GLbI Avgiv ey‡S
DV‡Z cviwQ bv|Õ Avwg G cÖm‡½ bxie _vKjvg| Kvgvj mv‡ne‡K †`Ljvg
Zvi `„wó wb‡Pi w`‡K| g‡b nj, Zv‡`i Rb¨ GUv GKUv P‡cUvNvZ| Gici
Kvgvj mv‡n‡ei †P¤^vi †_‡K we`v‡qi cvjv| mevB GK‡Î †ei“jvg| †jt
Kvgvj Avgv‡K Zvi Mvox‡Z DV‡Z ej‡jb| Avgv‡K Avgvi †mB Ae¯’v‡b
†cuŠ‡Q w`‡q Zviv P‡j †M‡jb| Avwg Avgvi †mB nj K‡¶ Xy‡K †`L‡Z
†cjvg A‡b‡Ki AkÖ“mRj †PvL| gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡nemn Avgvi
me mn‡hvMx Aaxi AvMÖ‡n Avgvi msev‡`i Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Avgv‡K
†c‡q †hb Zviv AvKv‡ki Puv` nv‡Z †c‡jb| Zv‡`i aviYv wQj Avgv‡K Avi
Zviv cv‡e bv| cv‡e †mB G¨vWRy‡U‡›Ui gZ Avgvi kvnv`‡Zi msev`|
GZ¶Y Zviv †`vqv ÔBDbymÕ c‡o Avgv‡K Rxeš— wd‡i cvIqvi Rb¨ †Lv`vi
Kv‡Q KvbœvKvwU KiwQj| nq‡Zv Avgvi †mB mn‡hvMx Avj­vni wbh©vwZZ
ev›`v‡`i †`vqvi eiK‡Z wd‡i Avm‡Z †c‡iwQ| gRjy‡gi †`vqv bvwK Avj­vn&
mv‡_ mv‡_ Keyj K‡ib| A‡b‡K G‡mB Avgv‡K Rwo‡q ai‡jb| Avwg
Zv‡`i‡K mg¯— weeiY Ly‡j ejjvg|
Avi GKw`b GK Kv‡ji Avgvi mnKg©x eZ©gvb gyw³evwnbxi KgvÊvi
wMqvmDwÏb G‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡q Avgvi Kzkj msev` wR‡Ám Kij Ges evoxi
LeivLei w`j| wMqvmDwÏb GI Rvbv‡jv †h, Avgvi gv Avgvi Rb¨ wKQz
Lvevi Zv‡K w`‡qwQ‡jb Avi w`‡qwQ‡jb Avgvi ci‡bi Kvco| †mme Avgvi
Ae¯’vb ch©š— G‡m †cuŠ‡Qwb| †m ejj †h, Zvi mn‡hvMxiv me Rvgv Kvco
wb‡q †M‡Q Ges Lvevi¸‡jv †L‡q †d‡j‡Q| GRb¨ Zv‡K `ytL cÖKvk Ki‡ZI
†`Ljvg| Zv‡K wek¦vm K‡iwQjvg| GRb¨ Zv‡K Ab¨vb¨‡`i KvQ †_‡K GKUz
`~‡i wb‡q wM‡q ej‡Z †M‡j Kv‡b Kv‡b e‡jwQjvg, ÔZzwg eis Avgvi Lvjy gxi
Avkivd DwÏb Avng` †Pqvig¨vb mv‡n‡ei evmvq hvI| ILv‡b Avgvi Rvgv-
21
Kvco i‡q‡Q| †m m‡ei K‡qKUv Avgv‡K G‡b w`‡j Avgvi `vi“Y DcKvi
n‡e| Zzwg Avgvi G KvRUv K‡iB eis evox †hI| GK Rvgv-Kvc‡o `vi“Y
weeªZ‡eva KiwQ| bvgvR Kvjv‡gI Z…wß cvw”Q bv|Õ wMqvmDwÏb †mme
Avgv‡K G‡b w`‡Z m¤§Z nj| wKš‘ †m Rvgv-Kvc‡oi GKwUI AvR ch©š—
Avgvi nv‡Z G‡m †cuŠ‡Qwb| Avgvi m~¨UK~U Rvgv-Kvco, RyZv, †m‡Ûj Avi
†MÄx c‡i Zviv m`je‡j Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z G‡mwQj| wKš‘
wMqvDwχbi ci‡b †mme Kvco Avwg †`‡Lwb| Zvi fvlvqÑ ÔAvwg Avi
mKj‡K Gwo‡q Avcbvi wRwbm †cuŠQv‡Z cvwiwb|Õ Avwg Amnv‡qi g‡Zv
bxi‡e ZvwK‡q _vKjvg| me‡P‡q Ki“Y I `ytmn wbg©gZvi cÖKvk NUv‡ZI
Zviv Qv‡owb| Avgvi cv‡ki MÖv‡gi GK Zi“Yxi mv‡_ Avgvi we‡qi K_v
Avgv‡`i Mv‡R©b ch©v‡q †gvUvgywU wVK n‡qwQj| †mB Zi“Yx‡K GKRb
gyw³‡hv×v e›`y‡Ki b‡ji gy‡L we‡q K‡i Ges †mB we‡q‡Z Lvjyi evmv †_‡K
wb‡q hvIqv myU‡KmwU Dcnvi †`qv nq| Gme NUbvmg~‡ni AeZviYv Kiv nq
Avgv‡K Ges Avgvi gv I AvZ¥xq cwiRb‡`i gvbwmK hš¿Yv †`qvi Rb¨|
wKQzw`b ci Avgv‡K wK‡kviMÄ †R‡j †cÖiY Kivi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| †mvRv
c_ w`‡q A_ev Mvox‡Z Rbgvby‡li cÖ`k©bx QvovI Avgv‡K wb‡q hvIqv m¤¢e
wQj| wKš‘ †mUv bv K‡i Avgv‡K K‡j‡Ri cvk w`‡q wewfbœ c_ Nywi‡q wb‡q
hvIqv nj| Gi GKgvÎ KviY, †hb Avwg wewfbœfv‡e RbZvi nv‡Z jvwÃZ
nB| Avwg †hb GLb GK †Ljvi mvgMÖx| Avgv‡K wN‡i Rbgvby‡li wfo m„wó
KivB nj cywjk‡`i D‡Ïk¨| K‡j‡Ri QvÎiv Avgvi cÖwZ we`ªƒcvZ¥K Dw³
Ki“K GgbwU †P‡qwQj cywj‡kiv| wKš‘ †mUv nj bv| cw_g‡a¨ ïaygvÎ
KwZcq K‡jR QvÎxi gš—e¨ Avgvi Kv‡b G‡mwQj| Zv nj, ÔAvje`‡ii
cvÛv‡K †`L, wb‡q hv‡”Q|Õ Giv Avgv‡K Rvb‡Zv| K‡j‡Ri wewfbœ Abyôv‡b
cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^c‡¶ fvlY w`‡Z †`‡L‡Q| KvivMv‡ii m¤§y‡L †`Ljvg A‡bK
gvby‡li wfo| mK‡j Avgv‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ mg‡eZ n‡q‡Q| Avje`i‡K †`Lvi
Ggb AvMÖn †`‡L g‡b nj, Avwg †hb †Kvb GK wfb& MÖn †_‡K G‡mwQ| G
†`k G gvwUi mv‡_ Avgvi †hb †Kvb m¤úK© †bB A_ev †Kvbw`b wQj bv|
m¤¢eZ cÎ-cwÎKvi D™¢U cÖPviYv †_‡K gvby‡li AvMÖn Ggb Zxeª n‡q‡Q|
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A‡bK gvby‡li wf‡oi ga¨ w`‡q Avgv‡K †R‡ji †fZ‡i cv ivL‡Z nj|
†fZ‡i XywK‡qB Awdwmqvj KvR m¤úbœ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Avgv‡K GKUv
msKxY© cÖ‡Kv‡ôi wfZ‡i XywK‡q †`qv nj| Avgvi g‡b nj †MvUv †`kUv GKUv
KvivMvi| †mB KivMvi †_‡K †QvU, †QvU †_‡K AwZ †QvU KvivMv‡i cÖ‡ek
Kijvg, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi JׇZ¡i Kv‡Q Amnvq Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i
†g‡nievbx‡Z| GLv‡b Avgv‡K wb‡q `uvovj 7 Rb| A_P Lye †ekx n‡j ¯’vb
msKzjvb nq 3 R‡bi| GLv‡b hviv wQj, hw`I Giv gvbyl wKš‘ Zv‡`i Pvj-
Pjb, Avjvc Av‡jvPbv I Zv‡`i mg¯— Awfe¨w³ †_‡K g‡b nZ Giv b`©gvi
KxU| M‡bvwiqv wmwdwj‡mi i“Mx Giv| mviv¶Y Zv‡`i Avjvc Av‡jvPbvq
mviv Rxe‡bi AcK‡g©i wdwiw¯— G‡K Ac‡ii Kv‡Q AKc‡U cÖKvk Ki‡Q|
G‡`i mv‡_ Avjvc Av‡jvPbv A_ev †Kvb iKg K_v ejvi AvMÖn †Kvb
mg‡qB Avgvi Rv‡Mwb| Avwg 6wU †jvK mv‡_ †c‡qI GKvš— GKv| wbwj©ß
n‡q mviv¶Y e‡m A_ev ï‡q KvUvZg, Avgvi Rxeb g„Zz¨ hvi nv‡Z, †mB
gvwj‡Ki ingZ Kvgbv K‡i| c‡i †R‡bwQjvg, GB AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡bvi g~‡j wQ‡jb AvgviB gZ 2Rb e›`xi weåvwš—Ki cÖPviYv| Zviv n‡”Q
kvwš— KwgwUi fvBm †Pqvig¨vb mv‡eK gnKzgv Awdmvi I gymwjg jxM †bZv
ev`kvn wgqv| Zviv Kviv KZ…©c¶ I AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ki“Yv I ing‡Zi
cÖZ¨vkvq Avgv‡K fq¼i mš¿vmx wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡iwQj| Zviv aviYv
w`‡qwQj, mg¯— AcK‡g©i bvqK Avwg| A_P Zv‡`i cÖ‡Kv‡ô Avi GKRb
_vK‡Zb GW‡fv‡KU mvB`yi ingvb Av‡iv A‡b‡K| Zviv Avgv‡K wb‡q †Kvb
Lvivc aviYv e¨³ K‡ibwb| eis Avgvi cÖwZ wQj Zv‡`i Mfxi ggZv|
Qq Rb Kvivm½x _vKv m‡Ë¡I Avwg GKv| Avgvi GKvKxZ¡ Avgv‡K wbgMœ
K‡i‡Q cy‡ivcywi| Avgvi †d‡j Avmv wew¶ß ¯§„wZ¸‡jv Kzwo‡q Kzwo‡q
GKm~‡Î Muv_vi †Póv KiwQ| Avi AvZ¥we‡k­lY K‡i P‡jwQ mviv¶Y| g‡bi
c`©vq †f‡m DV‡Q...|
mˇii wbe©vPb †kl| ivR‰bwZK w`K w`‡q †`kUv †hb `y‡Uv fvM n‡q †Mj|
GKw`‡K DMÖ AvÂwjK RvZxqZvev` Ab¨w`‡K Bmjvgx mgvRZ‡š¿i
BD‡Uvwcqv| `y‡UviB Aev¯—e KvíwbK ¯^v”Q‡›`i cÖwZkÖ“wZ Avi †PvL Sjmv‡bv
cÖvPviYvi †Zv‡o mgMÖ RvwZUv `y‡Uv wkwe‡i wef³ n‡q c‡o| RvwZi AbvMZ
fwel¨‡Zi fvebv hv‡`i Zvwo‡q wb‡q wdiwQj wbe©vP‡bi ivq †NvlYvi ci
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Zviv wbe©vK n‡q coj| AwZ Avkvq D”Qj †KvwU †KvwU gvbyl nj cÖZ¨vL¨vZ|
GB cÖZ¨vL¨vb ch©vq ¯^vfvweK c_ a‡i n‡q‡Q GgbwU ejv hvq bv| Avgiv
†`‡LwQ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †cvlv ¸Êv‡`i Øviv Avgv‡`i mnKg©x eû †cvwjs
G‡R›U‡K †cvwjs ey_ †_‡K jvwÃZ n‡q wd‡i Avm‡Z n‡q‡Q| cwðg cvwK¯—
v‡bi `„k¨ Gi †P‡q wfbœ wKQz wQj e‡j Avgvi Rvbv †bB| GgbwU n‡e GUv
A‡b‡KB AvuP K‡iwQj A‡bK Av‡M †_‡K| XvjvI cqmvi wewbg‡q Ges
†cvlv ¸Êv‡`i DMÖ gvbwmKZvi cÖKvk NwU‡q RvwZi we‡eK‡K †Kbvi mvg_©¨
AvIqvgx jxM AR©b K‡iwQj| †ek wKQz Av‡M ZrKvjxb †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
AvIqvgx jxM †bZv †kL gywRe fvlY †`qvi mgq UvKv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ kZ kZ
Wªvg emvb n‡qwQj| G †_‡K KZ UvKv msMÖn n‡qwQj| †mUv ejv nqwb|
Z‡e Gi AwQjvq †KvwU †KvwU UvKvi wn›`y¯—vbx g`` RvZxqZvev`x †bZv †kL
gywR‡ei nv‡Zi gy‡Vvi g‡a¨ G‡mwQj cvwK¯—vb fv½vi Rb¨| GUv A‡b‡KB
†Ui †c‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Gi wei“‡× wKQz ejevi wn¤§Z wQj bv A‡b‡Ki|
G cÖwµqv †Kvb Zvr¶wYK cÖwµqv bq| Gi ïi“ A‡bK Av‡M †_‡K| ej‡Z
†M‡j cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi cÖ_g w`b †_‡K Gi g~j D`MvZv AvIqvgx jxM A_ev
†kL gywRe †KDB bq| Gi †bc‡_¨ hv‡`i Kv‡jv nvZ me‡P‡q mwµq wQj
†mUv nj KwgDwb÷ cvwU© I mgvRZvwš¿K msMVb¸‡jv| Avi G e¨vcv‡i
me©vZ¥Kfv‡e my‡hvM m„wó K‡iwQj ZrKvjxb ¶gZvmxb gymwjg jxM|
cvwK¯—vb m„wói ci †_‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖwZkÖ“Z AvMvgx w`b¸‡jv‡K wb‡q ïi“
nq cÖmv` lohš¿| †h wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i Ici wfwË K‡i Dcgnv‡`‡ki gvbwPÎ
†f‡O LÊ-weLÊ nq, cvwK¯—vb m„wói ci †mB wØRvZxq ZË¡‡K wewfbœ cÖwµqvq
A¯^xK…wZ Rvbv‡bvi cÖqvm Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| cvwK¯—vb m„wói m~Pbv j‡Mœ †KvwU
†KvwU Bmjvgx RbZvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †h evYx m¤cÖPvwiZ Kiv n‡qwQj †mUv nj
Kvq‡` Avh‡gi fvlvq, ÔAvgv‡`i bZzb kvmbZ‡š¿i cÖ‡qvRb †bB| 14kÕ eQi
Av‡M GwU iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Avgiv Zvi cÖwZdjb NUve gvÎ|Õ cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi
ci †mUv‡K cvk KvwU‡q hvevi me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv nq, GiI KviY
i‡q‡Q| RbM‡Yi Av‡eM I gb-gvbwmKZv BmjvwgK nIqv m‡Ë¡I †bZ…Z¡
hv‡`i nv‡Z G‡m c‡o, Zviv n‡”Qb beve, Rwg`vi I †Mvjvgx g‡bve„wË m„wó
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ e„wUk cÖYxZ wk¶v e¨e¯’vq wkw¶Z Z_vKw_Z GwjU †Mvôx|
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Zv‡`i gb-gvbwmKZvq Bmjvgx †PZbvi ¶xYZg Av‡jv weivR Ki‡jI
Bmjvgx Rxeb-‡eva m¤^‡Ü Zv‡`i Aš—tKi‡Y mwUK aviYv Abycw¯’Z wQj|
Gi d‡j hv nevi ZvB n‡q‡Q| Bmjvgx RbZvi `vex n‡q‡Q D‡cw¶Z|
Zv‡`i Av‡›`vjb I e³e¨‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q ag©xq Db¥v`vbv e‡j GgbwK
Zv‡`i‡K cvwK¯—vb we‡ivax wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i we‡lv`Mvi Kiv n‡q‡Q evi
evi|
Av‡jg‡`i g‡a¨ ALÊ fvi‡Zi cÖe³v gIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg Avhv` I
gIjvbv gv`vbxi KvZv‡i †U‡b G‡b Bmjv‡gi AMÖbvqK‡`i fveg~wZ©‡K Lv‡Uv
Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi kΓ I fvi‡Zi `vjvj wn‡m‡e RbM‡Yi
mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i ¯^vfvweK Kvh©µ‡g cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GgbwK †¶Î we‡k‡l G‡`i wei“‡× ¸ÊvI †jwj‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gi
d‡j cÖK…Z cvwK¯—vb we‡ivaxiv GK cv GK cv K‡i †bc_¨ hewbKv †_‡K
ivR‰bwZK g‡Â GwM‡q Avm‡Z ïi“ K‡i|
RvgvqvZ hLb AvBqye Lv‡bi wei“‡× MYZ‡š¿i `vex‡Z MYAv‡›`vjb ïi“
Kivi Av‡qvRb-D‡`¨vM †bq ZLbB Qv·`i gva¨‡g 6 `dv ivR‰bwZK
gq`v‡b Avbv‡Mvbv ïi“ K‡i| cuqlwÆi hy‡× cvwK¯—v‡bi Kv‡Q gvi †L‡q
wn›`y¯—vb wcQb w`K †_‡K G RvwZ‡K QzwiNvZ Kivi †Póv †bq| 6 `dv
AvIqvgx jxM cÖYqb K‡i _vK‡jI cÖK…Z c‡¶ GUv Av‡m fviZxq †Mv‡q›`v
ms¯’v i¨v‡Wi †Uwej †_‡K mgq gZ AvMiZjv loh‡š¿i inm¨ I D`NvwZ
nq| AvIqvgx jxM ZLb gq`vb †_‡K wew”Qbœ| ïay wgRvbyi ingvb †PŠayix I
Av‡gbv †eMg AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wbfy wbfy evwZ †R¡‡j †i‡LwQ‡jb †Kvb g‡Z|
Qv·`i g‡a¨ i¨v‡Wi G‡R›Uiv e¨vcKfv‡e KvR ïi“ K‡i| ZLb ivR‰bwZK
w`K w`‡q Zv‡`i mnvqK kw³ wQj b¨vc I KwgDwb÷ cvwU©| †Nvjv cvwb‡Z
gvQ wkKv‡i Giv wm×n¯—| MYAv‡›`vjb hLb Zz‡½, hLb AvBqye Lv‡bi mv‡_
†evSvcov n‡e, G mgq 11 `dv‡K AvKw¯§Kfv‡e MYAv‡›`vj‡bi †Rvqv‡i
†Q‡o †`qv nq| evgcš’x mvsevw`KZvi myev‡` 11 `dv e¨vbvi †nwWs-G
meKÕwU ˆ`wb‡K cÖKvk †c‡Z _v‡K| G‡Z wQj AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 6 `dv Avi
evKxUv wQj KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i †cÖvMÖvg| i“k-fviZ lohš¿ nvZ a‡i cvkvcvwk
GwM‡q P‡j‡Q †evSvcovi ga¨ w`‡q| GB †gvP©v †_‡K AvMiZjv loh‡š¿i
g~j bvqK †kL gywR‡ei gyw³i `vex DVj| G `vexI MY‡Rvqv‡i †Q‡o †`qv
25
nj| d‡j waK…Z loh‡š¿i bvq‡Ki gyw³i `vexUv RbM‡Yi AvIqv‡R cwiYZ
n‡Z †`ix nj bv| Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx I Ab¨vb¨ Bmjvgx `j GUv‡K Gwo‡q
†h‡Z cvij bv| cieZ©x‡Z lohš¿Kvix fvi‡Zi `vjvj cwiYZ nj RvZxq
wn‡iv‡Z|
Avj­vn Avmbœ wec‡`i jvj ms‡KZ w`‡q‡Q mgq gZ Ges evi evi| Zv bv
n‡j wk¶v e¨e¯’v‡K †K›`ª K‡i gv‡jK fvB‡qi gZ PwiÎevb I †miv Qv‡Îi
kvnv`vZ †m mgq nj †Kb? A_P GB Avmbœ S‡oi ms‡KZ eySj bv
Bmjvgcš’xiv| Zviv msNeÜfv‡e evwZ‡ji wei“‡× i“‡L `uvov‡Z e¨_© nj|
mˇii 18 Rvbyqvix cëb gq`v‡b Bmjvgx RbZvi i³ Sivi ciI
Bmjvgcš’xiv HK¨e× n‡Z cvij bv| IUvI wQj Avmbœ S‡oi ms‡KZ| Avwg
cë‡b wb‡R `uvwo‡q †_‡K †`‡LwQ wK fqven `„k¨! GKUv Kvievjv †hb| kZ
kZ gvbyl‡K i³v³ n‡Z †`‡LwQ| knx`I n‡q‡Q K‡qK Rb| A_P
lohš¿Kvixiv iv‡Î gvBK †hv‡M cÖPvi K‡i‡Q, Ôwbi¯¿ RbZvi Ici Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgx ¸Êv‡`i wbj©¾ nvgjv|Õ wK wewPÎ G‡`k †mjyKvm!
GBfv‡e AvIqvgx jxM Zv‡`i mycwiKwíZ cÖPviYv w`‡q RbZvi we‡eK‡K
ax‡i ax‡i AÜZvi w`‡K †U‡b wb‡q Pj‡jv| miKvi wbi‡c¶Zvi AveiY w`‡q
Zvi †PvL `y‡Uv‡K †eu‡a ivL‡jv| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kv‡jvnvZ cÖkvmb‡K ch©š—
¯úk© Ki‡jv| miKv‡ii bxieZvi my‡hv‡M wn›`y¯—vb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gva¨‡g
cvwK¯—v‡b hv wKQz Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj Zvi meUvB wbwe©‡Mœ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| G‡Z
g`` w`‡q‡QÑ miKvi, g`` w`‡q‡Q fy‡Æv, g`` w`‡qQ Ab¨vb¨ me KÕwU `j|
ej‡Z †M‡j c‡iv¶fv‡e Rvgvqv‡Z BmjvgxI|
wbe©vPb AbywôZ nj d¨vmxev`x Kvq`vq| `yB w`‡K `yB Rv‡nwjqvZx kw³ gv_v
Zz‡j `uvov‡jv| gywRe-fy‡Æv ¯ú÷ †evSvcovi ga¨ w`‡q RbMY‡K wb‡q Pj‡jv
GK fq¼i msK‡Ui w`‡K| Bqvwnqv gywR‡ei lohš¿ Abyaveb Kij| wKš‘
f~‡Æv‡K Av›`vR Ki‡Z e¨_© nj| ivRbxwZ‡Z ïi“ nj AivRKZv| gywRe-
f~‡Æv hv †P‡qwQj †`k †m Ae¯’vq G‡m DcbxZ nj|
Aciva Ki‡Z Ki‡Z AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `ytmvnwmKZv mxgv Qvwo‡q †Mj| hLb
nZ¨vhÁ ïi“ nj AevOvjx‡`i Ici, hLb RvZxqZvev‡`i nvwZqvi M‡R© DVj
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx ˆmwbK‡`i j¶¨ K‡i, ZLb miKv‡ii UbK boj| ZLb
26
hgybvi cvwb A‡bK `~i Mwo‡q †M‡Q| †MvUv †`‡k ZLb Kvievjv msNwUZ
n‡q †M‡Q| cÖvq cÖwZwU AevOvjx emwZ DRvo n‡q †M‡Q| GUvI wQj wn›`y¯—
vbx cwiKíbv| AevOvjx I Bmjvgcš’x‡`i nZ¨vh‡Ái cÖwZwµqvq cvwK¯—vb
evwnbxi wbwe©Pvi wbcxob ïi“ n‡j ¯^vfvweKfv‡e evOvjxiv wn›`y¯—v‡b cjvqb
Ki‡e| Zvici †mLvb †_‡K cvwK¯—vb‡K cvwK¯—vbx w`‡qB †f‡O UzK‡iv Kiv
hv‡e|
GKB m~Î †_‡K GKB cwiKíbvi c_ a‡i †`‡ki mvgwMÖK cwiw¯’wZ G¸‡Z
jvM‡jv| f~‡Ævi †`vmi wU°v Lv‡bi mvgwiK Acv‡ikb fqvenZv m„wó
Ki‡jv| `y®‹„wZKvix Avi cÖK…Z Acivaxiv ZZ¶‡Y mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i| wbixn
mvaviY gvby‡liv mnvbyf~wZi e`‡j †cj mvgwiK Acv‡ik‡bi fqevnZv|
GK fq¼i `ywðš—v wb‡q ZLb Avwg MÖv‡gi evox‡Z| GLvb †_‡K cÖK…Z
cwiw¯’wZ AuvP Ki‡Z cviwQ bv| m¤ú~Y© AÜKv‡i Avwg wew`kv| †`‡ki
fwel¨Z wb‡q `vi“b DwØMœ| GK bxj b·vi wkKvi n‡q Avgiv †`‡ki 8†KvwU
gvbyl Kx mva K‡i wn›`y¯—v‡bi cv‡qi Z‡j Avkªq wb‡Z hvw”Q!
wn›`y¯—v‡bi g`` wK c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ †Kvb Kj¨vY e‡q
Avb‡Z cvi‡e? G cÖkœ Avwg Avgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡iwQ evi evi| GLb Avgiv
wK Ki‡Z cvwi? Akvš— D‡Øj †`kUv‡Z wKfv‡e kvwš— wdwi‡q Avbv hv‡e?
Ggb kZ kZ cÖkœ, kZ kZ mgm¨vi cuv‡K †hb Avwg nvwi‡q hvw”Q|
Avgvi G D`vm D`åvš— Ae¯’v †`‡L gv `vi“Y weeªZ †eva K‡iwQ‡jb| gv GK
mgq Avgv‡K ej‡jbÑ ÔZzwg Gfv‡e evox‡Z e‡m _vK‡j cvMj n‡q hv‡e|
hvI evRv‡ii w`K †_‡K Ny‡i Avm‡Zv|Õ gvi K_vq Avwg wØgZ †cvlY Kijvg
bv| Avwg evRv‡ii w`‡K cv evovjvg| Avwg cv‡q cv‡q GwM‡q PjwQ AuvKv
euvKv †g‡Vv c_ a‡i| mewKQz k~b¨ g‡b n‡”Q| Luv Luv Ki‡Q mewKQz| `yÕcv‡k
K‡ovB MvQ wSg a‡i Av‡Q| wSg a‡i Av‡Q wek¦cÖK…wZ| GZ cwiwPZ GB
c_NvU, GB GZ Avcb Avgvi G MÖvgUv| GB gvwU, GB f~LÊ †hLv‡b Avwg
jvwjZ n‡qwQ, †hLvbKvi †mŠ›`h© mylgv cvb K‡i Avwg †e‡o D‡VwQ| gvwUi
†muv`v MÜ Avi gD‡ji myifx ïu‡K ïu‡K Avwg RxebUv‡K Dcjwä K‡iwQ| GB
MÖvgevsjvi mv‡_ Avgvi wK wbweo m¤úK© A_P Avwg µgk wew”Qbœ n‡q
27
cowQ| loh‡š¿i ivRbxwZi Kv‡Q my¯’ ivRbxwZ wecbœ| RMZ‡kV Avi
gxiRvd‡ii ivRbxwZi Kv‡Q gxig`‡bi ivRbxwZ µgk wcwQ‡q co‡Q|
nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z G‡m cojvg AóMÖvg evRv‡i| G‡m XyKjvg fu~Bqvevoxi Pv
÷‡j| GLv‡b †jvKRb Kg g‡b nj bv| RgRgvU Pv †ePv‡Kbv Pj‡Q| wKš‘
†Pbv gyL †Pv‡L co‡Q bv Avgvi meB †h AcwiwPZ gyL| Avwg fvewQ Avgvi
gvbwmK Ae¯’v wK me gvbyl‡K AcwiwPZ K‡i w`‡q‡Q? bvwK Giv me
bevMZ! Avwg Ggb GKUv fvebvi g‡a¨ i‡qwQ Ggb mgq †`Ljvg , Avgvi
GK cwiwPZ gyL KvRx evix| †gv‡gbkvnx †Rjv b¨v‡ci mn-mfvcwZ| †Kvb
GK mgq Zvi Kg©x wQjvg Avwg| AÜZvi †Nvi KvU‡j Avwg Ae¯’vb wbB Zvi
wecixZ ej‡q| Avgv‡K †`‡LB KvRx evix m`‡¤¢ ej‡jbÑ ÔwK Avwgb,
†Zvgvi wmbv †Zv †ek PIov n‡q †M‡Q|Õ Zvi K_vUv ï‡bB Avgvi †PZbv
wd‡i Avm‡jv| Avwg GLb ¯úó eySjvg, G AcwiwPZ gyL¸‡jv GLv‡b †Kb?
eySjvg Avwg Avgvi ARv‡š— kΓi †eóbxi g‡a¨ G‡m c‡owQ| NUbvi
AvKw¯§KZvq GKUv Zvr¶wYK wenejZv Avgvi g‡a¨ G‡jI Avwg wb‡R‡K
mvg‡j wb‡q GKUzLvwb PvZzwii Avkªq wbjvg| ejjvg, Ôevix fvB †hÕ| Pv‡qi
†`vKvbxi D‡Ï‡k¨ ejjvgÑÔevix fvB Avi Avgvi Rb¨ jvMvb 2 Kvc Pv|
we¯‹zUI †`b, Avwg G¶zwY AvmwQ|Õ KvRx evix Avgvi g‡a¨ †Kvb K…wÎgZv
AuvP Ki‡Z cvij bv| Avwg †K‡U cojvg| wKš‘ mg¯— evRviUv Avgvi Kv‡Q
g‡b n‡Z jvM‡jv Avgvi kΓ| g‡b nw”Qj mevB †hb Avgvi wc‡Q avIqv
Ki‡Q| Avwg w¶cÖ MwZ‡Z GwM‡q PjwQ| Pjvi c‡_ †`Ljvg nv‡dR Ave`yj
nvBI `ª“Z GwM‡q hv‡”Q| Pvcv K‡É ej‡jbÑ ÔGLv‡b †Kb| ZvovZvwo m‡i
hvb| BwcAvi, AvIqvgx jxM Avi KwgDwb÷iv evRv‡i K¨v¤ú K‡i‡Q|
gIjvbv Avãyj MwY Lvb mv‡n‡ei evoxi mKj‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| G‡`i Uv‡M©‡U
AvcwbI Av‡Qb| evox‡ZI _vK‡eb bv|Õ evRvi GKUz Avovj n‡j Avwg †`Šo
w`jvg Avgvi mg¯— kw³ w`‡q|
evox G‡mB evev-gv‡K wb‡q emjvg| cwiw¯’wZi mg¯—UvB we‡k­lY K‡i
ejjvgÑÔAvwg bxie `k©‡Ki f~wgKv wb‡jI Giv Avgv‡K euvwP‡q ivL‡e bv| G
Ae¯’vq Avwg Kx Ki‡Z cvwi?
28
evev ej‡jbÑÔ †Kvb eyR`x‡ji g„Zz¨ gymjgv‡bi bq| †Zvgv‡K Avj­vni iv¯—vq
†Q‡o w`‡qwQ| †h †Kvb g~‡j¨ Avj­vni c‡_ _vKvB DËg|Õ gv ej‡jbÑÔGB
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Zvgvi hv fvj g‡b nq ZvB K‡iv| †Zvgvi c_ AvM‡j ivL‡Z PvB
bv|Õ
Avgvi †m iv‡Î Nyg bvB| Avwg mviv ivZ Ny‡i Ny‡i Avgvi eÜz evÜe I wbR¯^
†jvK‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kijvg| †`Ljvg mevB Avgvi gZB wPš—v Ki‡Q|
fviZxq cÖPviYvi a~gªRv‡j Giv †KD AvU‡Kwb| wbR¯^ wPš—vi cwimi w`‡q
mevB cwiw¯’wZ we‡k­lY Ki‡Q|
ivZ †fvi n‡q Gj| dR‡ii bvgvR †kl K‡i evevi Kv‡Q we`vq wbjvg|
Avgv‡K Awbwð‡Zi g‡a¨ Qvo‡Z evevi Aš—i Kuv`wQj| Avwg Zvi gy‡L
†`‡LwQ nvwm wKš‘ †m nvwmi Avov‡j wK `vi“Y †e`bv jywK‡q Av‡Q, GKgvÎ
cyÎ n‡q †mUv Aek¨B Avwg Dcjwä Kwi| gvÕi †PvL †`Ljvg AkÖ“mRj| m~h©
DVvi Av‡MB Avwg MÖvg Qvojvg| KL‡bv †nu‡U, KL‡bv †bŠKvq, Avwg G‡m
†cuŠQjvg ˆfie|
25 gv‡P©i ci GB cÖ_g cv ivLjvg ˆfi‡e| GLv‡b Av‡Mi †mB cÖvYPvÂj¨
†bB| †Kgb †hb ¯’wei g‡b nj| cÖv‡Yi cÖvPz‡h© fiv GB ˆfie †hb wSwg‡q
c‡o‡Q| GKUv cÖPÊ So †hb e‡q †M‡Q GB ˆfi‡e| KvD‡K wKQz wR‡Ám bv
K‡i Avwg GwM‡q PjwQ| PKevRv‡i G‡m _g‡K `uvovjvg| nvRx me‡`i
Avjx mv‡n‡ei †`vKv‡bi †fZ‡i XyK‡ZB nvRx mv‡ne Avgv‡K †`‡L WyK‡i
†Ku‡` DV‡jb| ej‡jb, ÒI‡`i euvPv‡Z cvijvg bv| gbmy‡ii evev-gv fvB-
†evb‡K euvPv‡Z cvijvg bv| Iiv me †kl|Ó
Avwg Zvi K_v eySjvg bv| A‡bK wRÁvmv wb‡q nZevK n‡q Zvi w`‡K †P‡q
AvwQ| wZwb e‡j Pj‡Qb, ÔGLvbKvi me AevOvjx‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gbmy‡ii evev, gv, fvB †evb mn 5kÕ wenvix‡K eªv Yevwoqv wb‡q nZ¨v
K‡i‡Q| gbmyi‡K Avgvi †`vZvjvq jywK‡q †i‡L euvwP‡qwQ|Õ Avgvi †PvL
†d‡U AkÖ“ Mwo‡q G‡jv| gbymi Avgvi NwbôZg eÜz, wWMÖxi QvÎ| AvR †m
GwZg me©nviv| Avgvi †fZ‡ii gvbweK mËv †R‡M DVj| Avgvi Aš—‡ii
Nygš— wmsn M‡R© DVj †hb| GBme Ryjyg AZ¨vPvi Avi AbvPv‡ii wei“‡×
cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zvjvi kc_ wbjvg| wewfbœ m~‡Î Avwg Rvbjvg, Gme
AgvbweK nZ¨vh‡Ái †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Q AvIqvgx jxM †bZv wRj­yi ingvb,
29
†gvRvddvi b¨v‡ci †jt iDd (AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjvi 17 bs Avmvgx),
Aa¨vcK gZxb I AvIqvgx jxM †bZv wmwÏK wgqv| G‡`i e¨vcv‡i Avwg wPš—v
Kijvg wn›`y¯—v‡bi cÖ‡ivPbvq Giv wK K‡i cvi‡jv gymjgvb‡`i Ly‡b Zv‡`i
nvZ iOxb Ki‡Z| wK K‡i cvi‡jv A‡eva wkï‡`i †eqbU w`‡q LuywP‡q LyuwP‡q
i³v³ Ki‡Z| Zv‡`i wei“‡× cÖPÊ N„Yv Avi †¶vf cyÄxf~Z nj Avgvi g‡b|
LuvwU mwilvi †Zj Avi wN wewµ Ki‡Zb Avgv‡`i mwd fvB| Avgv‡K †`‡L
Kvbœvq †f‡½ co‡jb wZwb| ej‡jb, ÔAvwgb fvBqv Avgvi †eu‡P †_‡K Avi
jvf †bB| Avgvi AvZ¥xq cwiRb mKj‡K †kl K‡i w`‡q‡Q Iiv|Õ Avwg w¯’i
_vK‡Z cviwQjvg bv| Avgvi kc_ AviI cÖQÛ n‡q DV‡jv|
ˆfi‡e †mbvevwnbxi K¨v‡¤ú Avwg msw¶ß GKUv †Uªwbs wbjvg| B‡Zvg‡a¨
my‡hvM-mÜvbxiv †mbvevwnbxi Av‡kcv‡k wfo Rwg‡q‡Qb| GivI †`Ljvg
†gvRvddi b¨v‡ci †jvKRb| cvwK¯—vb †mbvevwnbx Zv‡`i kqZvbx cÖ‡ivPbvq
weåvš— n‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| G e¨vcv‡i Avwg cÖwZev`x n‡q DwV| Avgvi e¨vcv‡i
my‡hvM mÜvbx †Zvlv‡gv`Kvixiv †mbvevwnbx‡K åvš— aviYv †`qvi †Póv K‡i|
Gici ˆfie‡K Avgvi Rb¨ wbivc` g‡b Kijvg bv|
Avwg eªv Yevoxqv P‡j Gjvg| GLv‡b msMV‡bi Ab¨Zg †bZv gynv¤§`
dvi“Kzj Bmjvg fvB‡qi mv‡_ mv¶vr n‡j wZwb †mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
K‡i Avgvi DbœZ †Uªswb Gi e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡jb| †Uªwbs †kl K‡i GLv‡b †ek
wKQz w`b Ae¯’vb Kwi| B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avwg evoxi Uvb Abyfe Ki‡Z _vwK| evev-
gvÕi mvwbœa¨ cvevi Rb¨ cÖvY PÂj n‡q I‡V| GKw`b Kzwgj­vi †MvqvjbMi
BDwbqb KvDw݇ji KwjgDwÏb †Pqvig¨v‡bi mv‡_ MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z iIqvbv
njvg|
Avgvi aviYv wQj Gi g‡a¨ nq‡Zv AóMÖv‡g cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx Ae¯’vb wb‡q
†d‡j‡Q| wKš‘ G‡m ïbjvg GLvbKvi Ae¯’v Av‡Mi gZB| mk¯¿ BwcAvi,
AvIqvgx jxM Avi evgcš’x‡`i PviYf~wg GB AóMÖvg| MÖv‡g Avgvi Avmvi
msev` B‡Zvg‡a¨ we‡`ªvnx‡`i K¨v‡¤ú †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q| G Lei Rvbjvg †`‡jvqvi
gvóvi A_©vr w`jy fvB Gi wPiKz‡U| Avgvi wnZvKv•¶x Ges Avgvi we‡ivax
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †jv‡Kiv mevB G‡m Avgvi evox‡Z wfo Rwg‡q‡Q| mevi
†KŠZ‚njx †PvL Avgvi w`‡K| Avgvi Avmbœ cwiYwZ †`Lvi Rb¨ mevB †hb
Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Avwg Avgvi `ye©j Ae¯’vb Avi fqven Ae¯’v
AuvP Kijvg| wKš‘ Zvr¶wYK Kx Ki‡Z cvwi! Gi g‡a¨ nq‡Zv mk¯¿
30
cwZc¶iv Avgvi D‡Ï‡k iIqvb n‡q †M‡Q| GZ †PvL duvwK w`‡q †Kv_vI
jyKv‡bv m¤¢e bq| wnZvKv•¶x‡`i A‡b‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡Q Avwg †Kb Gjvg|
Avgvi `ye©jZvi cÖKvk bv NwU‡q mKj‡K ïwb‡q †Rv‡i †Rv‡i ejjvgÑ ÔAvwg
Avgvi cÖ¯‘wZ bv wb‡q Ggwb G‡mwQ, Avwg wK GgbB Mvav| `vIbv I`‡i
Avm‡Z|Õ Avgvi †Pv‡L gy‡L fxwZ †bB, wbwe©Kvi Awfe¨w³| Avgvi G K_vq
m¤¢eZ KvR n‡qwQj| cÖwZc¶iv Zvr¶wYK Avgv‡K AvNvZ nvbvi mvnm
K‡iwb| Iiv _g‡K wQj| Avgvi w`K †_‡K †Kvb AvNv‡Zi cÖZx¶v KiwQj
nq‡Zv ev| Zv‡Z Avwg †ek mgq †c‡q †Mjvg|
Avwg ZwoNwo Avgvi wbKUZg AvZ¥xq‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq †Mvc‡b †bŠKv‡hv‡M
Ab¨Î m‡i hvB| Avgv‡`i †bŠKv hLb gvÎ gvBj Lv‡bK c_ AwZµg K‡i‡Q
wVK †m mgq Avgvi mk¯¿ cÖwZc¶iv Avgv‡`i evox †NivI K‡i|
cieZ©x‡Z, hviv Avgv‡K ¯’vbvš—‡i mn‡hvwMZv K‡iwQ‡jb Zv‡`i Ici AgvbweK
AZ¨vPvi Kiv n‡qwQj, hw`I Zv‡`i cÖv‡Y gviv nqwb| wbcxo‡bi wkKv‡i
cwiYZ nq gIjvb Ave`yj †gv‡gb fvB, fv‡Mœ RvgvjDwÏb I Avi GKRb
cÖwZ‡ekx|
Gic‡i Avgvi me ai‡Yi ˆa‡h©i euva †f‡O hvq| mk¯¿ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨
cy‡ivcywi wb‡R‡K cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †dwj| AóMÖv‡gi mvweqvbMi †_‡K Kzwjqvi Pi
n‡q wK‡kviM‡Ä G‡m msMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kijvg| Zvici
Avgv‡`i mggbv we‡kl K‡i QvÎ msMV‡bi m`m¨‡`i wb‡q Avwg Avje`i
evwnbx MVb Kijvg| B‡Zvg‡a¨ ivRvKvi‡`i Øviv wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Ryjyg n‡q‡Q
Ggb Awf‡hvMI AvmwQj| Avje`i MVb K‡i wewfbœ cÖwZK~j cwiw¯’wZi
g‡a¨ meiK‡gi AivRK cwiw¯’wZ wbqš¿‡Y wb‡q Gjvg RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ fxwZ I
mš¿v‡mi e¨vwß N‡UwQj, †mUvI Aí Kqw`‡bB †K‡U †Mj| RbM‡Yi Av¯’v
wd‡i G‡j Avgiv MY mg_©b †c‡Z _vKjvg| wKš‘ Gme nj A‡bK c‡i
G‡m| ïi“ †_‡K G my‡hvM bv AvmvUv RvwZi Rb¨ wQj Pig `yf©vM¨|
31
`yB
wK‡kviMÄ †R‡ji aviY ¶gZv 2kÕ R‡bi †ekx bq A_P 7kÕ †jvK‡K
†mLv‡b ivLv n‡q‡Q| GLvbKvi A¯^v¯’¨Ki I A¯^w¯—Ki cwi‡e‡k mK‡jB
nuvwc‡q D‡VwQj| GLvb †_‡K wb®‹„wZi c_ LyuRwQj mK‡j| wKš‘ wbi“cvq|
Kviv cÖ‡Kv‡ô gv_v Kz‡U giv Qvov †Kvb c_ Av‡Q wK? Zey meLv‡b wdmwdm,
Kv‡b Kv‡b K_v, bxie ¸ÄiY| Dcvq †ei Kivi cÖ‡Póv Pj‡Q †hb| GKw`b
Zviv wgqv I KwZcq Zi“Y Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb KvivMvi fvOevi wm×vš—| Zviv
†h c_ I c×wZi K_v ejj Zv‡Z †mUv Am¤¢e e‡j g‡b nj bv| wKš‘ Avwg
wRÁvmv Kijvg, Ô†ewi‡q †Kv_vq hv‡eb?Õ Reve †cjvg, ÔevB‡ii gy³ Av‡jv
evZv‡m|Õ ejjvg- Ô‡mUv‡Zv eo KvivMvi eis GLv‡b fvj Av‡Qb, wbivc‡`
Av‡Qb| evB‡i AivRK ivR¨, fqsKi mš¿vm Avi fqven wek„•Ljv weivR
Ki‡Q| KvivMv‡ii evB‡i evsjv‡`‡k Avgiv wbivc` bB †gv‡UI| AZGe
Avj­vni Dci wbf©i K‡i GLv‡bB _vKvi †Póv Ki“b| GLvbKvi ALv`¨ †L‡q
n‡jI, gvb‡eZi cwi‡e‡k _vK‡Z gb bv PvB‡jI GUvB AvcvZZ Avgv‡`i
weivc` Avkªq|Õ Gici m¤¢eZ †Rj fvOvi cwiKíbv Zviv evwZj K‡i †`q|
wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I K_vUv †Mvcb _v‡Kwb| gy‡L gy‡L †kl ch©š— Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i
Kvb ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q| Zv‡`i GB aviYv R‡b¥ †h, Gme cwiKíbvi g~‡j i‡qwQ
Avwg, AZGe GLvb †_‡K Avgv‡K miv‡bv Ri“ix| GKw`b Avgv‡K GKRb
Kb‡÷ej G‡m Zvr¶wYK cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z e‡j Ges Avgv‡K Rvbvq G KvivMvi
†_‡K ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kivi Rb¨ Dci †_‡K ûKzg G‡m‡Q| Avwg ˆZwi njvg|
AviI 3 Rb Avgvi mnMvgx n‡jb Ggwc †jvKgvb †nwKg, mv‡eK Mfb©i
knx` Ave`yj †gvb‡qg Lv‡bi bvwZ Avjx Av‡bvqvi Lvb Ges GbGmGd
†bZv Aveyj Kv‡gk fvB|
we‡Kj 4Uv bvMv` wK‡kviMÄ †Rj †_‡K †ei Kiv nj| nuvwU‡q †bqv nj
†÷kb ch©š—| GLv‡b cywjkiv Avgv‡`i 3q †kªYxi I‡qwUs i“‡g wb‡Z PvBj
wKš‘ Avgiv †h‡Z PvBjvg bv| †kl ch©š — 1g †kªYxi I‡qwUs i“‡g wb‡q Avmv
32
nj †`Lv †Mj GLv‡b A‡bK †Pbv gyL| Avgv‡`i Rb¨ mvaviY †mŠRb¨‡ev‡a
wmU †Q‡o w`‡jI Zv‡`i K_vevZ©v Avjvc Av‡jvPbvq Avgv‡`i cÖwZ
wb›`vm~PK Awfe¨w³i cÖKvk N‡UwQj| Avgiv bxie `k©K n‡q †evevi gZ
e‡m _vKjvg| wKQz¶‡Yi g‡a¨ †Uªb Avm‡jv| Avgiv †Uª‡b DVjvg| cywj‡kiv
Avgv‡`i gvwR©Z e¨envi I AvPvi AvPi‡Yi Kvi‡Y †Uª‡bi g‡a¨ Avgv‡`i
nv‡Zi †eox Ly‡j w`j| †Uªb Qvo‡jv| Avgiv wK‡kviMÄ †Q‡o P‡jwQ| fvj
jvMwQj bv †gv‡UI| GB gvwU GB AvKv‡ki wb‡P m‡e©vËg †Kvievbxi ¯ú„nv
wb‡q cÖPÊ †Mvjv¸jxi gy‡LvgywL `uvwo‡q †n‡mwQ| KZ Av‡Z¥vrmM©Kvix
mn‡hvMx‡`i ZvRv i³ G gvwU‡Z Mwo‡q c‡o‡Q| GB gvwU GB cweÎ gvwU
†Q‡o Avgv‡K †h‡Z n‡”Q mva K‡i bq| wb‡Ri cÖwZ‡Zv GLb Avgvi wbqš¿Y
†bB| Avgvi B”Qv Abw”Qvi Kei n‡q‡Q 18 wW‡m¤^i| Zey ejjvg, g‡b g‡b
ejjvg, Ô†Lvk i‡nv Avn‡j Pvgvb gvB‡Zv Pvgvb †Qvo‡K Pv‡j|ÕÑ †n
evMvbevmx †Zvgiv Avb‡›` _vK| Avwg‡Zv GB mvRv‡bv evwMPv †Q‡o P‡jwQ|
ZLb my‡en mvw`K| k¤¢yMÄ †÷k‡b †Uªb G‡m †cuŠQj| gqgbwmsn †_‡K gvÎ
3 gvBj `~i †Uªb Avi G¸‡e bv| †Kbbv mvg‡bi †mZz fvOv| hy×Kvjxb mg‡q
†mUv †f‡O †`qv nq| Gevi cv‡q nuvUv c_| GK cv GK cv K‡i GwM‡q
hvw”Q| mvg‡b b`x cvi njvg| mg¯— AvKvkUvq m~‡h©v`‡qi c~e©vfvm| ivwÎi
AÜKvi cvjv‡bvi c_ LyuR‡Q| Avwg fvewQ Avgv‡`i RvwZi fv‡M¨
cvjve`‡ji Ggb gyn~Z© wK †Kvbw`b Avm‡e bv! Bmjv‡gi m~h©Uv Kvievjvi
i³v³ c_ a‡i, †mB †h we`vq n‡q‡Q, Zvici AÜKvi| KL‡bv wbweo,
KL‡bv Av‡av Av‡jv| KL‡bv †RvbvKxi Av‡jv †R¡‡j A_ev `xcwkLv w`‡q
hy‡Mi AÜKvi we`~wiZ Kivi cÖqvm cÖ‡Póv P‡j‡Q| wKš—y AvRI gymwjg we‡k¦
Bmjv‡gi m~‡h©v`q nqwb| Ihy Kijvg Kv‡ji mv¶x cÖengvb b`xi wbg©j
cvwb‡Z| Zvici Db¥y³ AvKv‡ki wb‡P wkwki †fRv `~e©vNv‡mi meyR MvwjPvq
bvgvR cojvg| †`vqv Kijvg cÖvY f‡i|
c~e©vP‡j m~h©Uv ax‡i ax‡i DuwK gvi‡Q| A‡bKw`b ci AevwiZ AvKv‡ki wb‡P
cÖkvš— wbwe©‡iva cwi‡e‡k `uvwo‡q m~‡h©v`q cÖZ¨¶ Kijvg| ZLb c„w_exUv
cvwLi KvKwj‡Z gyLi n‡q DV‡Q| g‡b nj, GUv cÖK…wZi c¶ †_‡K m~h©Uv‡K
Awfb›`b Rvbv‡bvi cÖqvm| Avgiv nuvU‡Z ïi“ Kijvg| †Kv_vI †Kvb
33
gvby‡li mvov †bB| Ggb wK gmwR` †div †KvbI gymwj­I †Pv‡L coj bv|
Avi †Zgb †Pv‡L covi K_vI bq| gmwR‡` hvZvqvZKvix gymjgvb‡`i
AwaKvsk †Zv KvivMv‡i| Avi hviv evB‡i i‡q‡Q Zviv cjvZK| G Kvi‡Y
gymwj­‡`i msL¨v bMY¨ nIqv ¯^vfvweK| Avi Iw`‡K gy³evsjvi Z_vKw_Z
†dŠRiv wbkvPi n‡q D‡V‡Q| G‡`i AwaKvs‡ki †Zv GLb Nygv‡bvi mgq|
AZGe c_NvU Rbk~b¨| Avgiv g‡b Kijvg GI Avj­vni †g‡nievYx|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avgiv kn‡ii g‡a¨ G‡m †MwQ| ZLb BZ¯—Z †`vKvb cvV Lyj‡Q|
wKš‘ meviB †PvL Avgv‡`i w`‡K| AevK we¯§‡q ZvwK‡q Av‡Q| nq‡Zv
fve‡Q, Ggb cÖZ~¨‡l Giv Kviv? Avgvi mv_xiv †`L‡Z kixd, mf¨ Ges
bgªZvi cÖZxK| G‡`i e¨vcv‡i cywjwk ZrciZv †Zv †kl n‡q‡Q A‡bK
Av‡M| Zv‡`i we¯§‡q nZevK nIqv ¯^vfvweK| GB mvZ mKv‡j cywj‡ki
†eóbx‡Z hviv G‡m _v‡K Zviv †Zv Avgv‡`i gZ bq| †Zgb g¯—vwb myiZ
Avgv‡`i Kv‡iv wQj bv|
Avgiv cyywjk‡`i ejjvg, ÔAvgv‡`i nv‡Zi †eox cwo‡q w`b| Zv bv n‡j
Avcbv‡`i‡K ˆKwdq‡Zi m¤§yLxb n‡Z n‡e|Õ Zviv BZ¯—Zt Ki‡jI †kl
ch©š— Avgv‡`i K_v gZ KvR Kij|
nuvU‡Z AvwQ| wKQz wKQz gvmyg ev”Pv eB wb‡q cv‡q cv‡q GwM‡q hv‡”Q|
eySjvg g³‡e †KviAvb cvV Ki‡Z hv‡”Q| Avgvi g‡b nÕj Gme †QvÆ
wkï‡`i ey‡K †U‡b wb‡q ewjÑ ÔAvgiv Avgv‡`i eZ©gvb‡K DrmM© K‡i
†Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ GK wbivc` fwel¨Z iPbv Kivi †Póv K‡i e¨_© n‡qwQ|
†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i mvg_©¨ w`‡q RvwZi HwZn¨‡K wdwi‡q G‡bv|Õ
†Rj †M‡U G‡m cojvg, `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z nj evB‡i| †Kbbv ZLb Awdmvi
†bB| GLb Avgv‡`i g‡b n‡”Q, Avgiv bv NiKv bv NvUKv| A‡b¶Y c‡i
Awdmviiv Avmvi ci Avgv‡`i †fZ‡i XywK‡q †`qv nj| Xy‡KB †`Ljvg
wcwWwcÕi fvBm †cÖwm‡W›U gIjvbv gym‡jn DwÏb| wZwbI Avgv‡`i gZ
GKRb Kvive›`x| wZwb wcwWwci fvBm †cÖwm‡W›U wQ‡jb| hy×Kvjxb mg‡q
Avgv‡`i gZ †`k‡cÖ‡gi cix¶v w`‡Z wM‡q Zuv‡KI AvR‡Ki GB `yf©vM¨‡K
eiY Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zv‡K †`‡LB Avwg mvjvg w`jvg| wZwbI Avgv‡K †c‡q
`vi“Y Lykx n‡jb|
34
evB‡i †_‡K bZzb hviv Avg`vbx nq Zv‡`i Z`viKxi `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb
wK‡kviMÄ gnKzgv Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi †m‡µUvix Rbve †gvkviid †nv‡mb
mv‡ne| AvcvZZ Avwg Zvi †ndvR‡Z| Avwg fvejvg †gvUvgywU mgq Avgvi
fvjB KvU‡e| GLb Avwg Avg`vbx LvZvq i‡qwQ| bevMZ‡`i ¯‹z‡j ivLv
nZ| ¯‹zj †Kb ejv nZ Avgvi Rvbv †bB| †mme Rvbevi AvMÖnI Avgvi wQj
bv| `yB ivwÎ Avgv‡`i‡K †mLv‡b _vK‡Z nq| †gvkviid mv‡n‡ei Ici
mevB weiƒc| weiƒc nIqv ¯^vfvweK| hv †`Ljvg Zv‡Z AvwgI mš‘ó n‡Z
cvwiwb| KvivMv‡i †h Lv`¨ mieivn Kiv nZ †mUv G‡K †Zv wbgœgv‡bi Ges
cwigv‡Y Kg| Zv m‡Ë¡I †mB ¯^í cwigvY Lv‡`¨ KZ©v A_©vr †gvkviid mv‡ne
wb‡Ri AwZwi³ fvM emv‡Zb| GQvov ¯^í cwimi GKwU K¶| †mLv‡b cÖvq
2kÕ †jvK| cvjv K‡i †kvqvi RvqMvI †g‡j bv| GZ`m‡Ë¡I Zv‡K Avwg
†`‡LwQ, GKUv weivU ¯’vb `Lj K‡i wZwb i‡q‡Qb Zvi GKvi Rb¨| Avwg
AevK njvg| Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi gZ Av`k©ev`x msMV‡bi †bZ…ch©v‡qi
n‡qI wZwb wKfv‡e Ggb wbg©g, Ggb wbôzi n‡Z cvi‡jb? Avgvi †mw`bB
g‡b nj †Lv`vi Zid †_‡K Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Ggb wRj­wZ wba©vwiZ nIqvi G
meB KviY| KwZcq ¯^v_©v‡k¦lx gvby‡li ZrciZv †Lv`vi wbðqB cQ›`
nqwb| Gi d‡j nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl Bmjv‡gi Av‡eM-ZvwoZ n‡q, Rxe‡bi
mg¯— wKQz †Kvievbx w`‡qI †`kUv‡K wUwK‡q ivL‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b
A‡bK Agvbyl G‡mI gvby‡li mv‡_ gvbweK AvPiY Ki‡Z _v‡K| Zvi KviY,
mevi fvM¨ GLv‡b GK m~‡Î Muv_v| Ggb GK ¯’v‡b G‡m †gvkviid mv‡ne †h
AvPi‡Yi cÖ`k©bx K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Zvi gZ †jv‡Kiv ¶gZvmxb n‡j RvwZi
fv‡M¨ `ywe©cvK Qvov wKQzB wgj‡e bv| Zvi mv‡_ G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb K_v ej‡Z
Avgvi gb PvBj bv| †Rj †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m Zvi e¨vcv‡i Avwg RvgvqvZ
KZ…©c¶‡K Rvwb‡qwQ| Zv m‡Ë¡I wZwb GLb wK‡kviMÄ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi
†bZv| G †`‡L g‡b nj, Avgxi †gvqvweqv †hb Avgxi“j †gvwgbx‡bi mš‘wó
AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb|
hvB †nvK, 2w`b ci Avgv‡K †Rj mycvi †gvdvL&Lvi“j Bmjvg mv‡n‡ei
`߇i Zje Kiv nj| Avwg Zvi m¤§y‡L Dcw¯’Z n‡ZB Avgvi w`‡K gv_v DuPz
K‡i ZvwK‡q _vK‡jb| Zvici †h AvPiY Ki‡jb Zv nj, wZwb †hb
wePvi‡Ki Avm‡b mgvmxb Avi Avwg GK Amnvq Ly‡bi Avmvgx| ¸i“M¤¢xi
K‡É wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ÒKqUv gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i‡Qv?Ó Zvi cÖ‡kœi ai‡b fxlY
35
weiw³ Abyfe Kijvg| ReveI w`jvg GKUz euvKv K‡i| ejjvgÑÔReveUv
Avwg Av`vj‡Z h_vmg‡q †`e| Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i Kv‡Q bq|Õ Reve ï‡b wZwb
M‡R© DV‡jb| ej‡jb, Ô†ZR †Zv GL‡bv K‡gwb| Rv‡bv Avwg Kx Ki‡Z
cvwi?Õ Rgv`vi‡K WvK w`‡jb| WvK ï‡b Rgv`vi G‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡j
ej‡jbÑÔGi cv‡q Ry‡Zv †Kb?Õ Rgv`vi Kv‡kg Avgv‡K av°v w`‡q evB‡i
wb‡q †Mj| Zvici RyZv Lywj‡q Avevi Avgv‡K Avbv nj Zvi mvg‡b| wZwb
wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Avwg Kx KiZvg? ejjvgÑÔK‡j‡R coZvg|Õ wZwb ej‡jbÑ
Ô†Pnviv myiZ †Zv f`ª N‡ii e‡j g‡b nq| wKš‘ Lyb-Lvivexi wdwiw¯—I †Zv Kg
†bB|Õ e‡j †M‡jb wb‡Ri g‡b, Zvici KvM‡R wK wjL‡jb †mUv Avgvi
Rvbvi K_v bq| Avgv‡K ¯‹zj †_‡K Avbv nj nvRZx Iqv‡W©|
Iw`‡K Av`vj‡Z Avgvi wei“‡× `v‡qK…Z gvgjvi ïbvbx ïi“ n‡q‡Q| GKB
gvgjvq Avgv‡K Ges gIjvbv KzZzeDwÏb mv‡ne‡K Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡Z
n‡”Q cÖ‡Z¨K w`bB| Avgvi ¯^c‡¶ gvgjv cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb GW‡fv‡KU
mvËvi I Zv‡niDwÏb mv‡ne| ev`x c‡¶ i‡q‡Q miKvix wcwc, AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi Ggwc GW‡fv‡KU Ave`yj nK| wZwb Avje`‡ii wei“‡× fxlY w¶ß|
Zvi `vcU ZLb Av`vj‡Zi ¯^vfvweK mxgv Qvwo‡q Akvjxb JׇZ¨i ch©v‡q
G‡m †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| Avgvi ¯^c‡¶i GW‡fv‡KU‡K ¯^vfvweKfv‡e gvgjvi †Riv
Ki‡Z †`qv nq| wKš‘ wZwb LvwbKUv fxZ| †Kbbv Avgvi ¯^c‡¶ Zvi e³e¨
bv RvwZ Zv‡KI Avmvgxi ch©v‡q †U‡b Av‡b|
wePviK Zuvi Avm‡b wbe©vK| fxZ-wenŸj †Pv‡L Avgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Av‡Qb|
Ggwc Ave`yj n‡Ki MR©‡b Zvi AvmbUv †Ku‡c D‡VwQj wKbv Rvwbbv, Z‡e
ivqUv Avgvi wec‡¶ w`‡Z m¤§vwbZ wePviK eva¨ n‡q‡Qb| Zvi KviY 20
eQi Kviv`‡Êi ivq †kvbvi ci hLb Avwg ÔAvjnvg`ywjj­vnÕ D”PviY Kwi
ZLb wZwb Amnv‡qi gZ mKi“Y †Pv‡L Avgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wQ‡jb| Zvici
hLb nv‡Z †Kvg‡i †eox w`‡q cywj‡kiv Avgv‡K KvVMov †_‡K wb‡q †h‡Z
cÖ¯‘Z, ZLb Avgvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcwb nvB‡KvU© Ki‡j Lvjvm
cv‡eb|Õ ZLb Aek¨ wcwc GW‡fv‡KU Ave`yj nK Av`vj‡Z wQ‡jb bv| GB
GKB gvgjvq gIjvbv KzZzeDwÏb mv‡n‡ei 3 eQi mkªg Kviv`Ê nq| GLb
wZwb wm‡j‡U `iMv gv`ªvmvq wk¶K wn‡m‡e Kg©iZ i‡q‡Qb|
36
Avgv‡K KvivMv‡i wdwi‡q Avbv nj| G‡m †`Ljvg mK‡j Avgvi Rb¨ DrKY©
n‡q Av‡Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖnmbg~jK wePv‡ii ivq Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q|
Avgv‡K †c‡qB Zviv A‡b‡K Kvbœvq †f‡O c‡o| Avwg Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨
†KviAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡Zi DׄwZ Zz‡j awi ÔdvBbœvgvqvj Dm‡i BDmiv,
Bbœvgvqvj Dm‡i BDmivÕÑK‡ói c‡iB ¯^w¯— Av‡Q, Aek¨B K‡ói c‡i Av‡Q
¯^w¯—| AviI ejjvg, Ô†gN †`‡L †KD Kwim‡b fq Avov‡j Zvi m~h© nv‡m|Õ
GB †gN GB AveZ© GKw`b KvU‡eB, GLb cÖ‡qvRb ˆa‡h©i| Avj­vn G
cix¶vB wb‡Z Pvb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q|
Gevi Avgv‡K AjsKvi civ‡bvi cvjv Gj| wePvi cÖnm‡b cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q
Avwg Lybx| Avwg GK `ya©l© Avmvgx| Avgv‡K †Zv wkKj civ‡eB| KvivMv‡ii
fvlvq WvÊv‡eox| mv‡o mvZ‡mi IR‡bi me‡P‡q fvixUvB civb nj
Avgv‡K| Gici Avgv‡K Avbv nj Rvnvbœvg †_‡K nvweqvq| A_©vr mvaviY
IqvW© †_‡K duvmxi †m‡j| me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K Avmvgxi Rb¨ GwU ˆZix|
KvivMv‡ii †fZ‡i GKUv †QvÆ AÜKvi cÖ‡Kvô, Avgvi ¯’vb nj GLv‡b|
GLv‡b Avwg GKv, GKvš— GKvKx| cÖ‡Kv‡ôi `iRv Zvjve×| Gi c‡iI
GKwU `iRv, †mLv‡bI Zvjv| Z`ycwi mk¯¿ †m›Uªx| Avgv‡K wN‡i cywjkx
ZrciZv †`‡L Avgvi g‡b nj, †Rgm e‡Ûi wW‡UKwUf Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK
Avwg|
AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô wbwj©ß GKvKx Avwg| fvj jvM‡Q, eÇ fvj jvM‡Q Avgvi|
GLv‡b Avwg †hb GKvš—fv‡e †Lv`vi Aw¯—Z¡‡K Abyfe KiwQ| Aš—i w`‡q
Avwg WvKwQ Zuv‡K| Avwg †hb ü`‡qi Abyf~wZ †X‡j Zuv‡K ¯úk© KiwQ| g‡b
nj Avgvi gvwj‡Ki wbweo mvwbœa¨ †c‡j Abš—Kvj a‡i GB AÜ KzVix‡Z
†gv‡UI Kó n‡e bv Avgvi| Avgvi gIjvi B”Qvi mv‡_ Avgvi B”Qv GKvKvi
n‡q †M‡Q| Avn&, wK myL Avgvi! GLb Avgvi g‡b n‡”Q R¡jš— †jwjnvb
AwMœKz‡Ê wbw¶ß n‡q Beªvwng (Avt) nq‡Zv Gi †P‡q †ekx my‡L †c‡qwQ‡jb|
jvj‡bi fvlvq t G giY †h my‡Li giY|
Avevi Av`vjZ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Av`vjZ, gywRe cÖkvm‡bi Av`vjZ| †mB
GKB ÷vBj| †mB GKB wePvi cÖnmb| Avevi 20 eQi| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
Ggwc GW‡fv‡KU Ave`yj nK wePvi‡Ki Ici fi K‡i‡Qb| R¡x‡bi
AvQicÖvß i“Mxi gZ gvbbxq RR mv‡ne Ggwc Ave`yj nK mv‡n‡ei ivqUv‡K
37
cÖKvk Ki‡jb gvÎ| Avgvi gb gw¯—‡®‹ GB iv‡qi †Kvb cÖwZwµqv n‡qwQj
e‡j g‡b nq bv| wn›`y¯—vbx K~UP‡µi Av‡eóbx‡Z †h cÖkvmb euvav, †m cÖkvmb
wb‡RB †Zv Amnvq| cÖfyi g‡bvi‡Äi Rb¨ Bmjvgx †PZbvi gvbyl¸‡jv‡K
Zviv wecbœ Ki‡e Ggb cÖZ¨vkvi evB‡i Avwg KLbI wKQz fvwewb| Avgvi
duvmx n‡jI A¯^vfvweK g‡b nZ bv| 40 eQi Kviv`Ê ej‡Z †M‡j †Lv`vi
GUv GK †g‡nievbx| 2kÕ eQi Av‡M Ggwb cÖnmb n‡qwQj gywk©`vev‡`i
Av`vj‡Z|
KvivMv‡ii †fZ‡i KvivMvi| Zvi †fZ‡i GKUv †QvÆ AÜKvi cÖ‡Kv‡ô
†i‡LI Avgv‡K mv‡o mvZ †mi IR‡bi WvÊv‡eox †_‡K gy³ Kiv nj bv|
wb`vi“b A¯^w¯—i g‡a¨ Avgv‡K w`bvwZcvZ Ki‡Z n‡”Q| cÖwZwbqZ Nl©‡bi
d‡j Avgvi cv‡q ¶‡Zi m„wó nj| WvÊv‡eox †_‡K gy³ nevi Av‡e`b
Kijvg| ZvI bvKP nj| AÜ KzVyixi wbwñ`ª AÜKvi †_‡K Av‡jvi gyL
†`Lvi Aš—nxb wccvmv Avgvi Aš—‡i †R‡M DVj| †m Av‡jv gy³ c„w_exi
m~h©iwk¥ bq| A¶gZvi Rb¨ †h `xcwkLvi fvi enb Ki‡Z AvKvk, c„w_ex,
P›`ª, m~h©, cvnvo, ce©Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvq †mB Kvjv‡g cvK Avj †KviAv‡bi
wKQz Av‡jv PvB| Avgvi GB Av‡e`b KZ…©c¶ we‡ePbv Ki‡jb| Zdmx‡ii
Rb¨ wb‡qvM Kiv nj gydwZ gIjvbv Ave`yj nvbœvb mv‡ne (wm‡jU)†K|
gydZx Avj­vgv gynv¤§` b~i“j Bmjvg mv‡ne (gqgbwmsn), gIjvbv Bwjqvm
Luvb (wK‡kviMÄ BUbv) h_vixwZ 19 bs Iqv‡W© mKvj-weKvj `i‡m †KviAvb,
`i‡m nvw`‡mi eqvb Kvivev‡mi ïi“ †_‡K K‡i AvmwQ‡jb| cieZ©x‡Z
Zvdmxi K¬v‡m †hvM w`‡jb Avgvi mv‡_ Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg ieŸvbx, Aa¨¶
Lwjjyi ingvb, weMPvb Lvb (knx` Ave`yj †gvb‡qg Lvb-Gi fvB¯—v), †mwjg
`v‡ivMvmn AviI 3 Rb Kvivevmx cywjk Awdmvi| Giv `vjvj AvB‡bi
Avmvgx|
AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô Kvivev‡mi `y‡Uv eQi †cwi‡q †M‡Q| A‡bK w`b ci Avgvi
AvnZ gvbwmKZvq Avb‡›`i †Quvqv mKvj †_‡K Abyfe KiwQ| wKš‘ †Kb?
Avwg ZLbI ey‡S DwVwb| g‡b n‡”Q wK †hb Avwg †c‡Z P‡jwQ| A‡bK
Zcm¨v A‡bK mva¨ mvabvi ci †nivi ¸nvq gynv¤§` (mvt) Zuvi Aš—tKi‡Y
38
wKQy cvIqvi c~f©vevm †c‡qwQ‡jb| hv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Zuv‡K wenŸj K‡iwQj|
Avgvi Av‡e‡M †Zgb Avb‡›`i AvwZkh¨ Abyfe KiwQ|
†ejv 11Uv| GKRb †m›Uªx Zvjv Ly‡j RvbvjÑ ÔwfwRwUs i“‡g Avcbvi mv‡_
mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ †jvK G‡m‡Q| Avcwb Avgvi mv‡_ Avmyb|Õ Avwg wekvj we¯—…Z
Aš—nxb gi“‡Z GKbvMv‡o c_Pjv cwikªvš— Z…òvwea~i gymvwdi| mvg‡b A`~‡i
wbðj `uvwo‡q Av‡Q gi“`¨vb-I‡qwmm, Avgv‡K nvZQvwb w`‡q WvK‡Q| Avwg
KuvcwQ, evwji mgy‡`ª cv AvU‡K hv‡”Q evi evi| Avgv‡K Avbv nj wfwRwUs
i“‡g| Avgvi cÖZ¨vkvi †P‡q A‡bK †ekx wKQz †cjvg| A‡bK cvIqvi
Avb‡›` Avwg D‡Øj, we¯§‡q weg~p, gy‡Li fvlv g~K n‡q †M‡Q| Avwg †`LwQ
Avgvi cig cvIqv‡K| Avi ü`q w`‡q †Mjv‡m †Mjv‡m cvb KiwQ ¯^M©xq
myL| gv, Avgvi gv, Avgvi mvg‡b `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| AvovB eQ‡ii Z…òv Avi
PweŸk eQ‡ii RgvU euvav Mfxi ggZv wb‡q AkÖ“mRj †Pv‡L WvÊv‡eox civ‡bv
Zuvi mš—vb‡K Mfxi AvMÖ‡n wZwb †`L‡Qb| Kv‡iv gy‡L †Kvb K_v †bB| mevB
wbe©vK| †d‡j Avmv `ytmn w`b¸‡jvi mg¯— †K¬`v³ e¨_v gv-mš—vb Df‡qB
fy‡j †MwQ| bxieZv f½ K‡i Avwg WvKjvg Ôgv! gv‡Mv|Õ Gevi gv‡qi †Pv‡L
AkÖ“i Xj bvgj, †duvUv †duvUv AkÖ“i A¶i mvwR‡q gv †hb Avgvi AbvMZ
fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ Avk©xev‡`i wdwiw¯— wj‡L P‡j‡Qb| Kuv`‡Q gv‡qi mv‡_ Avmv
Avgvi weaev †evb KvÂb| Zvi KZ Av`i ggZv Avi Avkxe©v‡`i ¯úk© Avgvi
Mv‡q †j‡M Av‡Q Zvi wn‡me †bB&
Avwg Avevi WvKjvg, gv| wR‡Ám Kijvg, ÔAvwg wK fyj K‡iwQ gv?Õ gv‡qi
¯úó ReveÑ Ôbv|Õ ej‡Z _vK‡jb t ÔAvi GUvB Avgvi eo mvš—¡bv| Aš—nxb
e¨_vi `ytmn †evSv wb‡q Avwg †eu‡P AvwQ GB †f‡e †h, Avgvi mš—vb †Kvbw`b
Ab¨vq AcK‡g© Rovqwb| nK Avi evwZ‡ji msNv‡Z Avgvi KwjRvi UzKiv
Avgvi mš—vb n‡Ki ¯^c‡¶ RvbevwR †i‡L‡Q| gvbyl GLb me ey‡S| Avwg
†`vqv Kwi n‡Ki ¯^c‡¶ Zzwg †hb wPiw`b gReyZ n‡q `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cvi|
Avj­vn †hb †Zvgv‡K mve©¶wYK ˆa‡h©i ZvIdxK †`q| evwZ‡ji aŸsm¯—~‡ci
Ici nK Avi Bbmv‡di SvÊv GKw`b Do‡eB|Õ
gv Avgvi Kv‡Q Av‡iv Kv‡Q G‡m Avgv‡K ¯úk© K‡i ej‡jb, Ôevev Avgvi
eyKUv k~b¨ n‡q Av‡Q| k~b¨ n‡q Av‡Q Avgvi evox-Ni| †Zvgvi N‡ii
39
Pvicv‡k GLb R½j n‡q †M‡Q| †Zvgvi KzKziUv‡KI Iiv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
†Zvgvi eÜziv GLb Avi Av‡m bv| Aš—nxb GKvKxZ¡ wb‡q Avwg GKv †Zvgvi
gyw³i cÖZx¶vq w`b ¸bwQ| Avi †Zvgvi Rb¨ mewKQz AvM‡j AvwQ|Õ gv‡K
ejjvgÑ ÔgIjvbv mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`~`xi Zvdnxgyj †KviAvb Avi
nvKxKZ wmwi‡Ri †h eB¸‡jv Av‡Q, †KD G‡j Zvi nv‡Z cvwV‡q w`I|Õ gv
G¸‡jv A‡bK hZœ K‡i gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri `„wói evB‡i g~j¨evb m¤ú` wn‡m‡e
gvwUi bx‡P cyu‡Z †i‡LwQ‡jb| gvi mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi wKQzw`b ci Avgvi PvPvZ
fvB L›`Kvi eRjyi ingv‡bi nv‡Z eB¸‡jv cvwV‡q †`b| GB eBKwU‡K cyuwR
K‡i Avgiv KvivMv‡i mvsMVwbK KvR ïi“ Kwi|
GKw`b gvgv Rbve nvRx Avt nvwmg mv‡ne †gv‡gbkvnx KvivMv‡i G‡jb
Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi Rb¨| wZwb m`¨ g°v †_‡K wd‡i‡Qb| n‡¾ hvIqvi
Av‡M wZwb wPwV‡Z Avgvi cÖwZ Mfxi ggZvi K_v D‡j­L K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb †h,
Avj­vni Ni Lvbv-G-Kvevq wZwb Avgvi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡eb| Avgvi cÖwZ Zvi
cÖv‡Yi Mfx‡i †h Zxeª Abyf~wZ i‡q‡Q †mUv Avwg RvbZvg| GB gvgv Ges
Zvi ¯¿x, Avgvi gvgxi †mœnggZvi Qvqv cwi‡ewóZ wQj Avgvi ˆkke|
ˆK‡kvi- †hŠe‡bI Avwg Zv‡`i †mœn-ewÂZ nBwb| ivR‰bwZK kVZvi wkKvi
n‡q AÜ RvZxqZvev`x‡`i Øviv Avwg waK…Z n‡jI Avgvi Rb¨ gvgv-gvgxi
wQj Acwimxg †`vqv| Avgvi Kvi‡Y gvgv‡K jvwÃZ n‡Z nq, Ggb wK Zv‡K
nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ ea¨f~wg‡Z †bqv nq| Zvi D‡Ï‡k¨ ¸jx wbw¶ß nq| wKš‘
†Lv`vi †g‡nievbx‡Z meKwU ¸jx Kz`ªwZfv‡e j¶¨åó n‡q wZwb cÖv‡Y †eu‡P
hvb| cieZ©x‡Z Zvi ¸YMÖvnx cÖwZ‡ekx, gyw³‡dŠR I Ab¨vb¨ gvby‡li Pv‡c
Zv‡K Zvi nZ¨vKvgxiv †Q‡o w`‡Z eva¨ nq|
KvivMv‡i Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv n‡ZB wZwb ej‡jbÑ ÔGLbI Zzwg dvmxi
cÖ‡Kv‡ôI †Zvgvi cv‡q WvÊv‡eox| GUv _vKvi K_v bq| Avwg †Zv Lvm K‡i
†Zvgvi Rb¨ †`vqv K‡iwQ| Avwg †f‡ewQjvg| G‡mB Aš—Z †Zvgv‡K
WvÊv‡eox gy³ †`Le|Õ ZLb wZwb Avgv‡K WvÊv‡eox gy³ bv †`L‡jI mg‡qi
¯^í e¨eav‡b Avwg G †_‡K gy³ nB Ges Ab¨vb¨ Amyweav¸‡jvI Avgvi `~i
nq| gvgvi ci‡nRMvixi Zzjbv nq bv| wZwb RvgvqvZ‡K ivR‰bwZK mg_©b
w`‡Zb| Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi ivR‰bwZK `k©‡bi cÖwZ wQj Zvi AwePj Av¯’v|
40
GKw`b ïbjvg XvKv †_‡K KvivMvimg~‡ni wWAvBwR Rbve KvRx Ave`yj
AvIqvj mv‡ne Avm‡eb| Pvwiw`‡K †gvUvgywU mvR mvR Av‡qvRb| G‡mI
co‡jb GKw`b| Kviv cwi`k©b Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ae‡k‡l Avgvi †m‡ji mvg‡b
G‡m `uvov‡jb| mv‡_ Av‡Qb †Rjvi Ges me KqRb †WcywU †Rjvi I
Ab¨vb¨ Awdmvi|
Avwg mvjvg w`‡j wZwb cÖZz¨Ëi w`‡jb| Avgv‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨
Rgv`vi Kv‡kg gyL Lyj‡jb| ej‡jb, Ôm¨vi GB †h Avwgb| GB †R‡ji
me‡P‡q eo †Uii| Ly‡bi Avmvgx m¨vi, eû gvbyl Lyb K‡i‡Q| 2Uv †K‡m 40
eQi †Rj n‡q‡Q m¨vi| GLv‡b GB †m‡j Avgiv Lye Kov bR‡i †i‡LwQ
m¨vi|Ó wWAvBwR mv‡ne ï‡b †M‡jb †Kej| Lye Lykx n‡jb GgbwU g‡b nj
bv| wZwb Avgv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i wR‡Ám Ki‡jbÑ ÔwK Ki‡Zb|Õ ejjvgÑ
Ôˆfie K‡j‡R coZvg|Õ Mfxi ggZ¡‡eva wb‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ÔnvB‡KvU©
K‡i‡Qb?Õ ejjvgÑ ÔbvÕ| Avevi cÖkœ- †Kb? ejjvgÑ Ôhviv Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb
Zv‡`i A‡b‡K knx` n‡q‡Qb| evKx hviv i‡q‡Qb Zviv cjvZK| Z‡e †KD
†KD Avk¦vm w`‡jI Zviv †Zgb wKQz Avgvi Rb¨ K‡iwb|Õ wZwb ej‡jbÑ
ÔAvcwb †Zv †fZi †_‡KB Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb|Õ ejjvgÑ ÔZv nq‡Zv cviZvg|
wKš‘ evB‡ii Avk¦v‡mi Ici wbf©i K‡i mgq †cwi‡q †M‡Q|Õ wWAvBwR `ytL
cÖKvk Ki‡jb Avi wR‡Ám Ki‡jbÑ ÔAvcbvi †Kvb iKg Amyweav n‡”Q wK?
ejjvg Amyweav‡Zv meUvB| Z‡e mePvB‡Z eo Amyweav n‡”Q GB WvÊv‡eox|
G wb‡q bvgvR KvjvgI ¯^w¯—i mv‡_ co‡Z cviwQ bv|Õ wWAvBwR †Rjvi‡`i
D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡jbÑ Ô†Rjvi mv‡ne! †eoxUv Ly‡j w`‡eb|Õ †Rjvi Avwgbyi
ingvb mv‡ne cÖZz¨Ë‡i ej‡jbÑ Ôm¨vi Amyweav Av‡Q|Õ wWAvBwR G e¨vcv‡i
†Kvb cybi“w³ bv K‡i ïay ej‡jb, ÔXvKv cvwV‡q w`b|Õ wWAvBwR mv‡ne P‡j
†M‡jb| mßvn Mwo‡q †M‡Q| GKw`b Rvbjvg Avgv‡K, †gvt BDQzd Avjx
fvB‡K XvKv †R‡j ¯’vbvš—i Kiv n‡e| †gvt BDmyd AvjxI Avje`‡ii m`m¨
wQj| ZviI 20 eQi Kviv`Ê nq| ZvwiLUv Õ74-Gi 17 Rvbyqvix| †ejv
10Uvq Avgv‡`i‡K KvivMvi †_‡K †ei Kiv nj| †ewi‡q †`Ljvg msMV‡bi
†K Gg gÄyi Gjvnx fvB mn bexb Kg©xiv Avgv‡`i‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v
Ki‡Q| wmcvnxiv Avgv‡`i cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZkxj n‡q ej‡jb, ÔKv‡Q †Kvb
AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb _vK‡j Zv‡`i evmv †ewo‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib| ZLb msMV‡bi
fvB‡qiv Avgv‡`i gyZz¨Äq †iv‡W Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi GKRb i“Kb
41
†bvqvLvjxi ie mv‡n‡ei evmvq wb‡q G‡jb| †mLv‡b LvIqv `vIqv Kijvg,
†Lvjv‡gjv A‡bK Avjvc Av‡jvPbv nj| Rvbjvg gywR‡ei †emvgvj Ae¯’v|
MÖvg-M‡Äi mvaviY gvby‡li Ae¯’v AZ¨š— Ki“Y| mš¿v‡mi gva¨‡g fxwZ mÂvi
K‡i hZw`b ¶gZvq wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i| GKvˇi †h nvZ¸‡jv gywRe‡K
Rxeš— wd‡i cvIqvi Rb¨ †`vqv K‡iwQj †mB nvZ¸‡jv †Lv`vi Kv‡Q dwiqv`
Rvbv‡”Q, Awfm¤úvZ w`‡”Q Lybx gywRe‡K|
we‡K‡j †÷k‡bi w`‡K iIqvbv njvg| †Uªb Avm‡Z ZLbI †`ix| A‡bK
cwiwPZ gvbyl A‡bK †PbvgyL †Pv‡L co‡Q| I‡qwUs i“‡g A‡c¶v KiwQjvg|
cywjkiv Avgvi cv‡kB emv| †`Ljvg GKUv Zi“Y †Q‡j Avgvi w`‡K GwM‡q
Gj| G‡m wR‡Ám Kij ÔAvwgb `v, Avgv‡K wPb‡Qb?Õ AevK we¯§‡q ZvwK‡q
_vKjvg| Avgvi AZxZ ¯§„wZ †ivgš’b Kijvg wKQz¶Y| wKš‘ bv Avgvi
cwiwPZ †Kvb Av`‡ji mv‡_ G †Pnvivi wgj †bB| ejjvgÑ Ôbv‡Zv fvB,
Avcbv‡K †Zv wPbwQbv|Õ Zi“YwU AvnZ nj †hb| GKUz Kuv` Kuv` ¯^‡i
ejjÑÔAvwg †Kvgj ivq|Õ ejjvgÑ Ô†ek †Rvqvb n‡q †MQ‡Zv! Avi e‡jvbv
fvB G KqUv eQi †h aKj †M‡Q Avwg‡Zv Avgv‡KB fy‡j †MwQ| wKQz g‡b
K‡iv bv|Õ †Kvgj Avgv‡K fvj dzUej †c­qvi wn‡m‡e Rv‡b| I Avgvi `vi“Y
f³ wQj GKKv‡j| †m wb‡RI fvj †L‡jvqvo nIqvi Rb¨ KmiZ PvjvZ|
wR‡Ám Kijvg|Ñ Ô†Ljvayjv Pj‡Q †Zv †Zvgvi?Õ ejjÑ ÔPj‡Q, wKš‘ †mB
Av‡Mi gZ wK Av‡Q `v`v| GLb mevB hvi hvi Zvi Zvi| gvbyl †hb me
†Kgb n‡q †M‡Q|Õ
ej‡Z B‡”Q nj, GLwb Kx n‡q‡Q! †Kej †Zv ïi“| A_P Avgv‡`i i³
†jvjyc a‡g©vb¥v` I †gŠjev`x hy×vcivax e‡j wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖwZc¶iv
KZBbv cÖPvi Pvjv‡”Q| Avgiv RvZxq Av`k©, BwZnvm I HwZn¨ Abykxj
Kivi †Póv Kwi, GUvB Avgv‡`i Aciva| †Kvb wn›`y A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb msL¨vjNy
GgbwK †KD Av‡Q †h njc K‡i ej‡Z cv‡i, Avgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ AmvgvwRK
A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb Lvivc AvPiY K‡iwQ? GUv cÖPviYv| ïaygvÎ wg_¨v cÖPviYv|
fvi‡Zi Z_vKw_Z cÖMwZkxj evey I Zv‡`i mv‡_ mswk­ó G‡`‡ki AwfRvZ
wn›`yiv Zv‡`i †Mv‡qejmxq cÖPviYvi Øviv G‡`‡ki wn›`y mgvR‡K Akvš—
D‡Øj K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| G‡`i weiƒc K‡i Zz‡j‡Q gymjgvb‡`i Ici| G‡`‡ki
42
gvwU‡Z emevm K‡iI MYgvby‡li mv‡_ GKvKvi n‡Z cvi‡Q bv Giv| Avi
G‡`i‡K D‡ËwRZ K‡i Ges G‡`i gbgvbwmKZvq KvíwbK fxwZi mÂvi
K‡i wn›`y¯—v‡bi g``cyó wKQzmsL¨K ivR‰bwZK Pµ Zvr¶wYK dvq`v †bevi
†Póv Ae¨vnZ †i‡L‡Q| GivB K…wÎg `i`, ggZ¡‡eva Avi c„ô‡cvlKZvi
Avei‡Y mvgwMÖfv‡e wn›`y‡`i Rb¨ KuvUvi kh¨v iPbv Ki‡Q|
†Uªb G‡m †Mj| Avgiv wØZxq †kªYxi GKwU Kvgivq DVjvg| †`Ljvg †mLv‡b
AviI wKQz cywjk Awdmvi Av‡M †_‡KB e‡mwQ‡jb| Zviv Avgvi cwiwPZ,
GK mgq Lye KvQvKvwQ wQjvg Avgiv| hLb wK‡kviM‡Äi cy‡iv `vwqZ¡Uv wQj
Avgvi Dci, ZLb Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi Nwbô m¤úK© wQj| Zviv Avgv‡K
Rv‡b| Rv‡b Avgvi †fZi-evwni| Avgv‡K †`‡LB nvwmgy‡L Awfev`b
Rvbv‡jv| Ly‡bi Avmvgx Avwg, Avgvi †Kvb GK mg‡qi cyi‡bv mn‡hvMx‡`i
Kv‡Q †c‡q †ek fvj jvMj| g‡b coj Avgvi msMÖvgx w`b¸‡jvi wew¶ß
¯§„wZ| GivI †Zv wn›`y¯—vb †h‡Z cviZ| wKš‘ bv, fyj K‡iI Iw`‡K cv
evovqwb| RvZxq BwZnv‡mi AÜKviv”Qbœ cwiYwZi K_v †f‡eB m¤¢eZ Zviv
GgbwU K‡iwb| Dr‡KvP msµvš— cywjk‡`i ¯^vfvweK Amshgx AvPi‡Yi
ewntcÖKvk hy×Kvjxb 9 gvm Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †`wLwb| Zviv hv wKQz K‡i‡Qb
†bnv‡qZ †`k‡cÖ‡g DØy× n‡q| Zviv Avgvi mv_x cywjk‡`i e‡j w`‡jb hv‡Z
Avgvi †Kvb Amyweav bv nq| ej‡jbÑ Ô†Zvgiv hw` Avwgb mv‡ne‡K mwZ¨
Ly‡bi Avmvgx g‡b K‡i _vK Zvn‡j fyj Ki‡e| Dwb ivR‰bwZK cU
cwieZ©‡bi GK wbôzi wkKvi Avgiv Zv‡K †`‡LwQ AZ¨š— Kv‡Q †_‡K, Avgiv
Zv‡K Rvwb| †Zvgiv †Q‡o w`‡jI Dwb cvjv‡eb bv|Õ cywjkiv Reve w`j,
Òm¨vi, gvbyl wb‡qB †Zv Avgv‡`i Kvievi, cÖK…Z wµwgb¨vj wPb‡Z wK
Avgv‡`i fyj nq m¨vi| Dbv‡K wR‡Ám Ki“b, Zvi mv‡_ †Kvb †eqv`ex
K‡iwQ wKbv?Õ
ivZ ZLb 11Uv G‡m †cuŠQjvg Kgjvcyi †÷k‡b| Kv‡ji mv¶x GB Kgjvcyi
†÷kb| †÷k‡bi †mB Av‡Mi †RŠjym †bB| †Rj­v wd‡K n‡q †M‡Q|
jve‡Y¨i †Kv_vq †hb NvUwZ g‡b n‡”Q| AviI †`Ljvg, kZ kZ wQbœg~j
gvbyl| K¼vjmvi gvbyl¸‡jv BZ¯—Z wew¶ß Qwo‡q wQwU‡q ï‡q-e‡m Av‡Q|
Rxeb hy‡× civwRZ gvby‡li wfo GLv‡b| †kL gywR‡ei cÖwZkÖ“Z MYgvby‡li
KwíZ †mvbvi evsjvÕi weeY© †Pnviv †`‡L Avwg AvnZ njvg `vi“Yfv‡e| GB
†÷kb, Gwkqvi e„nËg †÷kb| †kL gywRe Msiv hv‡K eo `vjvj wn‡m‡e
43
wPwýZ Kivi †Póv Pvwj‡q G‡m‡Qb, hy×Kvjxb mg‡q whwb †Kvb f~wgKv bv
ivLv m‡Ë¡I i“k-fviZ P‡µi nv‡Z wbg©g fv‡e knx` n‡qwQ‡jb, †mB mv‡eK
Mfb©i knx` Ave`yj †gvb‡qg Lv‡bi Ae`vb GB †÷kbwU| Kv‡ji Ave‡Z©
GB †÷kbB gywR‡ei Z_vKw_Z †mvbvi evsjvi wQbœgyj gvbyl¸‡jvi †kl
Avkªq¯’j|
†÷kb †_‡K wi·v‡hv‡M gwZwS‡ji w`‡K G¸jvg| gwZwSj GwRwe K‡jvbx‡Z
i‡q‡Qb Avgvi fMœxcwZ mv‡f© Awdmvi Rbve RwmgDwÏb Avn‡g`| evB‡i
A‡bK¶Y `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z nj| Kov †b‡o †Kvb mvov cvw”Q bv| c‡i Avgvi
bvg ejv‡Z Ges †fZi †_‡K †Mvcb mZK© ch©‡e¶‡Yi ci `iRv Lyj‡jb|
c‡i Rvbjvg ivRavbx XvKv mš¿vm, WvKvwZ Avi ivnvRvbxi †K›`ªwe›`y‡Z
cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Gme AcK‡g©i †bUIqvK© RvwZi wcZvi DËim~ix RvZxq iZœ
†kL Kvgvj‡K †K›`ª K‡i AvewZ©Z n‡”Q| Avj-†KviAv‡bi GKwU AvqvZ g‡b
cojÑ ÔcÖ‡Z¨K wRwbmB Zvi Dr‡mi w`‡K wd‡i hvq|Õ †kL gywR‡ei †mvbvi
evsjv †Pv‡ii Lwb‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q; Zvi fvlvqÑ ÔAvwg Wv‡b ZvKv‡j †Pvi,
ev‡g ZvKv‡j †Pvi, †hw`‡K ZvKvB †mw`‡KB †Pvi|Õ Avqbvi mvg‡b `uvov‡j
wK †`‡Lb Zv Aewk¨ wZwb e‡jbwb| hvB‡nvK, gvbyl mš¿vm I fq¼i fxwZi
gy‡LvgywL| ivZ n‡j gvbyl Ni †_‡K †ei“‡Z Pvq bv Avi GKUz †ekx ivZ n‡j
`iRv †Lvjvi †Zv cÖkœB D‡V bv|
`xN© Pvi eQi ci `yjvfvB‡qi mv‡_ Avgvi †`Lv B‡Zvg‡a¨ eywoM½vq KZ
cvwb Mwo‡q †M‡Q| weeZ©‡bi MwZavivq KZ gvbyl KZfv‡e cv‡ë †M‡Q|
wKš‘ Avgvi dzdvZ †evbUv †hb Av‡Mi gZB †mB ggZvi g~Z© cÖZxK|
weeZ©‡bi †Quvqv jv‡Mwb Zuvi g‡a¨| eo fvj jvMj| gvÎ `ywU eQi A_P `y‡Uv
hyM ci †hb Avgiv Ggb KvQvKvwQ G‡mwQ| ZvI GKwU gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨|
Av‡e‡Mi AvwZk‡h¨ †evb-`yjvfvB `yÕR‡b GKBfv‡e D‡Øj| gvÎ GKwU
gyn~Z©, Gi g‡a¨ KZ K_v, KZ Av`i-Avc¨vqb, KZ Avjvc Av‡jvPbv| eo
fvj jvMj| ivZ 12Uv we`vq wbjvg|
iIqvbv njvg wUKvUzjxi w`‡K| D‡Ïk¨ PvPv-gvgvi evmv| PvPv L›`Kvi
†gvnv¤§` BmgvBj dz‡Wi †WcywU WvB‡i±i| †W‡K Zzjjvg| PvPv Avgv‡K
†c‡q wK `vi“Y Lykx PvPvi †mœn wgwkªZ msjv‡c evevi †mœnmyjf AvPi‡Yi K_v
44
g‡b co‡jv| Av‡e‡M D”Q¡wmZ n‡q DVjvg| wcZvi m‡nv`i‡K g‡b nj †hb
Avgvi †mB nviv‡bv wcZv, Avgvi m¤§y‡L e‡m Av‡Qb| cÖvY Ly‡j Avjvc
Kijvg| g‡b nj KZKvj gnvKvj †cwi‡q G‡m Ggb cÖv‡Yi ¯úk© †cjvg
Avwg| cv‡k gvgvi evmv| gvgv mwdDwÏb Avn¤§` mv‡ne AemicÖvß wmI
(†Wf)| wZwbI G‡jb| AvZ¥xq cwiRb‡`i D”Q¡wmZ †mœ‡ni evwiavivq Avgvi
AvZ¥v wm³ n‡q DVj|
ivZ Mfxi| mg‡qi cwimi ¯^í A_P GiB g‡a¨ ivbœv n‡q †M‡Q| Avgvi
mv_x cywjk‡`i mv‡_ wb‡q †L‡Z emjvg | wK †h fvj jvM‡Q| gvZ…‡Z¡i MÜ
wg‡k Av‡Q G ivbœvq| PvPx wbR nv‡Z ivbœv K‡i‡Qb| gv PvPx‡Z cv_©K¨ Avi
KZUzKz! evoxi ivbœv, `vi“Y †Ljvg| Z…w߇Z gb cÖvY f‡i †Mj| PvPv PvPx
`yÕR‡bi mv‡_ K_v ejjvg| GZ mgq a‡i Ggb K‡i †Kvbw`b Zv‡`i mv‡_
gy‡LvgywL Avjvc Kwiwb| dR‡ii Avhvb ZLbI nqwb| Z‡e evKxI †Zgb
†bB| Gevi we`vq †bqvi cvjv| PvPvI Avgv‡`i mv‡_ evB‡i G‡jb| PvPvi
†PvL `y‡Uv AkÖ“mRj n‡qwQj wKbv Rvwbbv| Z‡e KÉ Rwo‡q G‡mwQj,
ev®úi“× wQj Zvi †kl K_v¸‡jv|
c‡_ †ewi‡q cojvg| †ek wKQzz c_ nuvU‡Z nj| Zvici wi·v †c‡q †Mjvg|
G‡m †cuŠQjvg †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i| c‡_B dR‡ii Avhvb ï‡bwQ| bvgv‡Ri
mgq Avmbœ| ARy Kijvg| bvgvR cojvg cywjk e¨vivK gmwR‡`| AvZ¥xq
cwiRb‡`i mvwbœa¨ cvIqvi Avb‡›`i †ik i‡q †M‡Q e‡j md‡i K¬vwš— Kvwnj
Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †fv‡ii wbg©j nvIqv Dj­wmZ n‡q `vjv‡b `vjv‡b †VvKi
†L‡q wdi‡Q| Avi gv‡Sgv‡S Kv‡iv mvRv‡bv dz‡ji evMvb †_‡K myifx
wQbZvB K‡i `my¨ evniv‡gi g‡Zv Qwo‡q w`‡”Q mevi g‡a¨| nvmbv‡nbvi
AvZi`vwb wbt‡kl nqwb ZLbI| Ly-De fvj jvM‡Q Avgvi| g‡b n‡”Q GB
†PŠiv¯—vq `uvwo‡q Avwg Mvb awi| ÔH `~i w`M‡š— WvK Gj, WvK Gj, WvK
Gj| ¯^Y© CMj cvLv †gj, cvLv †gj, cvLv †gj‡i|Õ ¯^Y© CM‡ji Wvbvq
Adziš— kw³ _vK‡jI cv †Zv †kK‡j euvav|
Avwg evwni †_‡K KvivMvi †`LwQ, †hgb K‡i †Mvi¯’vb †`‡L gvbyl| Rxe‡b
Pwj­kwU eQi GLv‡bB KvU‡e Avgvi| Aewkó Avi KZUzKz _vK‡e Avgvi
Rb¨| nq‡Zv GKw`bI bq| KvivMvi‡K †Mvi¯’vb g‡b Kiv Avgvi Rb¨
A‡hŠw³K bq| GKUz c‡iB Avwg †K›`ªxq KvivM‡ii evwm›`v ne| AZGe
45
evB‡ii Pjgvb c„w_exUv‡K GKUz fvj K‡i †`‡L wbB| †nu‡U †nu‡U Ny‡i Ny‡i
†`L‡Z PvBjvg| mv_x cywjk‡`i †Kvb AvcwË wQj bv| I‡Z IivI Avgvi
mv‡_ mv‡_ nuvU‡Q| †nu‡U †nu‡U Nyijvg bvwgRDwÏb †ivW, PKevRvi,
eLwkevRvi, D`y© †ivW| †`Ljvg GZ S‡oi g‡a¨I D`y© †ivW Zvi Aw¯—Z¡
wVKB eRvq †i‡L‡Q| wRbœvn& Gwfby¨ e½eÜz Gwfby¨ n‡q‡Q| BKevj nj Rûj
nK nj n‡q‡Q| cvK‡gvUi evsjv‡gvUi n‡q‡Q| †Kej gvÎ D`y© †ivW evsjv
†ivW nqwb, nq‡Zv ev GUv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wn‡m‡ei evB‡i i‡q †M‡Q|
†`Ljvg †RjLvbvi Av‡kcv‡k A‡bK gvby‡li wfo| Giv me XvKvi KzwÆ|
Avgv‡`i‡K GB mvZ mKv‡j †kKj euvav Ae¯’vq †Nviv-†div Ki‡Z †`‡L
A‡b‡K GwM‡q Gj| AvMÖn mnKv‡i Rvb‡Z PvBj| ejjvg mewKQz| RbZv
D‡ËwRZ, mevi g‡a¨ cyÄxfyZ †¶vf| ejjÑ ÔAvgv‡`i LvRv Lvqi“wÏb
mv‡ne‡KI kvjv wn›`y¯—v‡bi `vjvjiv AvU‡K †i‡L‡Q fvBRvb, wPš—v Ki‡eb
bv wKQz| kvjviv †ewk w`b AvU‡K ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avcbv‡`i Avgiv
†R‡ji `iRv †f‡O †ei K‡i wb‡q Avme|Õ
cywjkiv GKUz fq †c‡q †Mj| G Ae¯’vq Avi G‡`i KvQvKvwQ Avgiv
`yÕRb‡K ivLv mgxPxb g‡b Kij bv| Avgiv `yÕRb‡K mv‡_ wb‡q D‡ËwRZ
RbZvi KvQ †_‡K m‡i †Mj| eySjvg, nvIqv e`jv‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| AveviI
Nyijvg| Ny‡i Ny‡i †`Ljvg mewKQz| GK duv‡K bv¯—vI Kijvg|
†kl ev‡ii gZ GK Kvc K‡i Pv †L‡q KvivMv‡ii cÖavb dU‡Ki mvg‡b G‡m
`uvovjvg| Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i wbKU mgc©Y Kiv nj †ejv mv‡o AvUUv bvMv`|
XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡ii wfZ‡i cv ivLjvg| Avgv‡`i mv_x cywjkiv Zv‡`i
KvMRc‡Îi KvR †m‡i we`vq wbj| hvevi Av‡M †klev‡ii gZ Avgv‡`i
mvjvgZ Kvgbv K‡i Avgv‡`i ï‡f”Qv Rvwb‡q †Mj| Gevi Avgv‡`i‡K wb‡q
Avmv nj †Km †Uwe‡j| GLv‡b Avgv‡`i KvMRcÎ cix¶v K‡i †`Lv nj|
†Km †Uwe‡ji Kv‡Q Avmvi m‡½ m‡½ †Km †Uwe‡ji Pxd ivBUvi Kvgi“¾vgvb
fvB G‡m Avgv‡`i mv‡_ KzjvKzwj Ki‡jb| GK gnvb åvZ…‡Z¡i Av‡eM
Abyf~wZ j¶¨ Kijvg| Avgiv GKB Av‡›`vj‡bi kwiK`vi| Gici G‡jb
Zv‡ni fvB, ˆmq` †gvnv¤§` b~i“j nK fvB I AvRnvi“j Bmjvg fvB|
meviB GKB Abyf~wZ| GB Abyf~wZ †`‡L Avgvi gIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg
Avhv‡`i GKwU †jLvi K_v g‡b coj| Bmjvgx åvZ…Z¡ cÖm‡½ wZwb
46
wj‡L‡QbÑÔmy`~i wgk‡iI hw` †Kvb gymjgvb‡K duvmx †`qv nq Avi Zvi `vM
hw` wn›`y¯—v‡bi gymjgvb‡`i Mjvq bv †`Lv hvq, Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e Bmjvgx
Abyf~wZ †eu‡P †bB|Õ GZ eo GKUv So, GZ eo GKUv cU-cwieZ©‡bi
c‡iI Avgv‡`i Bmjvgx DLyIqv‡Z wPo a‡i‡Q e‡j g‡b nj bv| GLv‡b D‡j­L
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, Kvgi“¾vgvb fvB eZ©gvb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`k-Gi
†K›`ªxq †bZv|
†Km †Uwe‡j KvMRcÎ cix¶v wbix¶vi ci WvÊv‡eox Ly‡j †`qv nj| cv
`y‡Uv `vi“Y nvév Abyf~Z nj| cv gvwU‡Z ivL‡ZB c„w_exUvi gva¨vKl©Y kw³i
wKQz Afve g‡b nj| Avm‡j mv‡o mvZ †mi IR‡bi †evSv K‡g hvIqvi
Rb¨B Ggb g‡b nw”Qj| m`¨ nuvU‡Z †kLv ev”Pv‡`i gZ wew¶ß nuvUjvg
wKQz¶Y| Gici Kvgi“¾vgvb fvB Avgv‡K 10 †mj wWwfk‡b †cuŠ‡Q w`‡jb|
GLv‡b G‡m †`Ljvg kªwgK †bZv i“ûj Avwgb f~uBqv, Rvm‡`i AvKivg I
†gmevn, eZ©gvb gš¿x cwi‡l‡`i m`m¨ (Gikv` gš¿xmfv) wmivRyj †nv‡mb
Lvb; bvivqMYMÄ gymwjg jxM †bZv nvRx iwdK, KvjxM‡Äi kvnRvnvb
†Pqvig¨vb Ges mv‡eK Iwm BDmyd †PŠayix Av‡M †_‡K GLv‡b Ae¯’vb
Ki‡Qb| Avwg wb‡RB Zv‡`i mv‡_ cwiPq K‡i wbjvg| wewfbœgyLx †mªvZ GK
†gvnbvq G‡m Avgiv GKvKvi| wfbœ wfbœ gZv`k©x gvbyl Avgiv GK cwiev‡ii
gZ GLv‡b Ae¯’vb KiwQ| †m‡ji 20 R‡bi GK Pzjvq ivbœv, GKB iKg
LvIqv `vIqv, †Kvb iKg we‡iva-Aš—we©‡iv‡ai wPý GLv‡b †bB| A_P GB
gvbyl¸‡jv evB‡ii gy³ Av‡jv evZv‡m ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZØ›Øx| G‡K Ac‡ii
Dci gvigy‡Lv| wKš‘ †Kb? GB †Kb-i Reve Avwg Lyu‡R cvB bv| Z‡e g‡b
nq evB‡ii c„w_ex‡Z G‡m gvby‡li ¯^Zš¿ mËvi we‡jvc N‡U| wewfbœ Rb
wewfbœ †bc_¨ m~‡Î euvav c‡o| d‡j `„k¨c‡Ui Avovj †_‡K evB‡ii kw³mg~n
m~‡Zvi Uvb w`‡q bvPv‡Z _v‡K mKj‡K| my¯’ ¯^vfvweK gvbwmKZv RjvÄwj
w`‡q åvZ…NvZx msNv‡Z wjß nq| Avj­vni c‡_ wd‡i Avmv Qvov GB msNvZ,
GB i³cv‡Zi Aemvb †Kvb w`bB n‡e bv|
eZ©gvb miKv‡ii gš¿x wmivRyj †nv‡mb Lvb Avgv‡`i mv‡_ 6 gvm
KvwU‡q‡Qb| wZwb WviDB‡bi weeZ©bev‡` wek¦vmx| Zvi gv_vq ZLb wMR
wMR KiwQj mgvRZ‡š¿i ZZ¡| mgvRZ‡š¿i e¨vcv‡i Zvi we‡eK AÜ wQj|
kq‡b-¯^c‡b, wekªv‡g-RvMi‡Y me mgq mgvRZš¿| mgvgR‡š¿i f~Z †hb Zvi
47
Ici fi K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv AMÖR, hviv †jLvcov Avi cvwʇZ¨i
w`K w`‡q Zvi †P‡q Lv‡Uv bq, Zviv Kvivev‡mi Adziš— Aem‡i Zvi gv_vi
†mB fyZ Qvov‡bvi Z`exi KiZ| wKš‘ †mB Z`ex‡ii d‡j mgvRZš¿x f~Z
Zvi gv_vq AviI cvKv‡cv³ n‡q‡Q wKbv Rvwbbv Z‡e wPš—v †PZbvi †¶‡Î
Zv‡K GKB Ae¯’v‡b †`‡LwQ| weeZ©bev` Zvi gv_vq G‡m w¯’i n‡q †M‡Q|
Avi †Kvb µgweKvk NU‡Q bv| †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨ Zvi wQj bv| GUv m¤¢eZ
Zvi ¯^v¯’¨MZ Kvi‡Y| Z‡e Avgvi mv‡_ Zvi m¤úK©Uv mL¨Zvi ch©v‡q wQj|
Av`‡k©i w`K w`‡q Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi wgj bv _vK‡jI AvIqvgx jxM I
fviZ we‡ivax g‡bvfv‡ei w`K w`‡q wQ‡jb Avgv‡`iB gZ GKB Ae¯’v‡b|
eZ©gv‡b Zvi ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vb hvB †nvK bv †Kb AZx‡Z Zvi Z¨vM I
wZZx¶vi BwZnvm Av‡Q|
GKw`b †`Ljvg, Avj­vgv †`Iqvj †nv‡mb mvC`x KvivMv‡i G‡jb| Zuvi
wei“‡× ivóª‡`ªvwnZvi Awf‡hvM| Lyjbvi †Kvb GK Rjmvq Zvi gybvRvZ‡K
†K›`ª K‡i Zuv‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| cvebvi gbmyi Avjx ZLb ¯^ivóªgš¿x|
†`jIqvi †nv‡mb mvC`xi cÖwZ K¨vc‡Ub gbmyi Avjxi Av‡µvk A‡bK
Av‡Mi| cvebv memgq wQj AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `y‡f©`¨ NuvwU| A‡bK †`k‡cÖwgK
gymjgv‡bi i‡³ cvebv AvIqvgx jxM Kg©x‡`i nvZ ivOv| †mB mš¿vmx
cvebvq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Avwac‡Z¨i wfZ‡K bvov‡Z m¶g nb †`jIqvi
†nv‡mb mvC`x| GRb¨ Zuv‡K Zuvi Rxe‡bi gvivZ¥K SzuwK wb‡Z nq| Zuvi
myjwjZ K‡Éi wec­ex Zdmx‡ii gva¨‡g wZwb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `y‡f©`¨ NuvwU‡Z
AvIqvgx jxM we‡ivax †PZbvi jvfv Xvj‡Z m¶g nb| ¯^ivóªgš¿x nIqvi ci
K¨vc‡Ub gbmyi †mB my‡hvMUv wb‡Z fyj K‡ibwb|
Avwg Ges mv‡eK GbGmGd cÖavb ˆmq` †bmvi †bvgvbx meiKg †Póv
Pvwj‡q †`‡jvqvj †nv‡mb mvC`x‡K 10 †mj wWwfk‡b Avgvi †m‡j _vKvi
e¨e¯’v Kijvg| Zvi gZ wPš—vkxj Ges cÖfvekvjx gvbyl‡K Z…Zxq †kªYxi
K‡q`x‡`i mv‡_ ivLv †gv‡UI m½Z nqwb| wKš‘ bv ivL‡j ¯^ivóªgš¿x gbmy‡ii
†¶vf Avi wRNvsmv wbimb nq Kx K‡i? mvC`x mv‡ne Avgv‡`i †m‡j
Avmv‡Z Avgv‡`i h‡_ó DcKvi nj| Zvi mvnP‡h© †_‡K †KviAvb nvw`m‡K
AviI we¯—…Z Rvbvi my‡hvM nj| mKvj †ejv dh‡ii bvgv‡Ri ci 10 †mj
48
wWwfk‡bi mK‡jB Zvi mvnPh© †bevi †Póv Ki‡Zb| Zdmxi QvovI wZwb
Bmjv‡gi ˆec­weK w`K wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ch©v‡jvPbvi AeZviYv Ki‡Zb|
†`jIqvi †nv‡mb mvC`x mv‡n‡ei wbKU-mvnP‡h© Zuvi mv‡_ Avgvi wbweo
m¤úK© M‡o I‡V| †mB myev‡` GKw`b cÖ¯—ve KijvgÑmvC`x fvB, Avgiv †Zv
evwZ‡ji mv‡_ msNv‡Zi gy‡LvgywL| G mgq gw¯—®‹‡K ms‡e`bkxj ivL‡jB
ïay Pj‡e bv kixiUv‡KI mej Avi w¶cÖMwZm¤úbœ Kiv `iKvi|Õ Dwb
ej‡jb- ÔZv‡Zv wVKB| Avwg gRwjwm gvbyl n‡q wec` n‡q‡Q| ZvQvov
md‡i md‡iB Avgvi mgq Kv‡U| kixi †`Le KLb|Õ Avwg ejjvgÑÔGi
g‡a¨B mgq Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j evwZj kw³i Kv‡Q Avcwb mnRjf¨
e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡eb|Õ wZwb GKgZ n‡jb| Avwg e¨vqv‡gi cÖ¯—ve w`‡j wZwb
ivRxI n‡jb| mgq wVK nj, ev` gvMwie| GB mgq †e‡Q †bqvi KviY,
†mj¸‡jv Zvjve× n‡j wbwiwewj cwi‡ek cvIqv hvq| e¨vqvg Abykxjb ïi“
nj| Avwg †Zv h_vixwZ K‡iB _vwK| mvC`x fvB Avgv‡K AbymiY Ki‡jb|
cici GKB wbq‡g Pj‡jv Kqw`b| wKš‘ Zvici! Zvici wZwb kh¨vMZ|
fq¼i cÖwZwµqv| fxlYfv‡e, `vi“Y kixi UvUvwb, nvZ cv dz‡j GKvKvi|
bvovPov Zvi Rb¨ Kó`vqK n‡q DVj| ciw`b mKv‡j Avgvi †m‡j Zvi
f³‡`i wfo| mevi wRÁvmv, ûRy‡ii n‡jvUv wK? mvC`x fvB jv-Reve|
wmcvnmvjv‡ii Ggb `yie¯’v mwZ¨ cxov`vqK| mvC`x fvB j¾vq KvD‡K wKQz
ej‡jb bv| †k‡l †KD hw` e‡j e‡m, ey‡ov eq‡m fxgiwZ! e¨vqvg-U¨vqvg
†Zv DVwZ eq‡mi †Q‡j-†QvKiv‡`i Rb¨! hw`I †mUv mwZ¨ bq| mvC`x
fvB‡qi Kó †`‡L Avwg wb‡R‡K Acivax g‡b Kijvg| Zvi kvixwiK Ae¯’v
wVK n‡Z mgq jvMj †ek Kqw`b| Gici e¨vqv‡gi av‡i Kv‡Q †h‡Z mvC`x
fvB mvnm Ki‡jb bv|
Gi Av‡M gv‡jK K¨vwe‡b‡Ui gš¿xiv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i Aš—ixY Ae¯’vq 10
†m‡ji mvg‡b GKwU cwiZ¨³ Ni †Rj KZ…©c‡¶i AbygwZ mv‡c‡¶ bvgv‡Ri
RvqMv wn‡m‡e Pvjy K‡ib| GKB mv‡_ Zdmxi K¬v‡mi e¨e¯’v nq| ïi“‡Z
cvjvµ‡g gIjvbv †gvnv¤§` BmnvK, gIjvb †gvnv¤§` gvmyg, gvIjvbv
gynv¤§` BDmyd Zdmxi Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| †mLv‡bB Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨K w`b weKv‡j
mvC`x fvB‡qi Zdmxi †kvbvi Av‡qvRb Kwi| e¨vqvg NwUZ Amy¯’Zvi Kvi‡Y
K‡qKw`b eÜ _vK‡jI Avevi h_vixwZ Pvjy Kiv nq| GKw`b Zdmxi
49
cÖ`vbKvjxb mg‡q Awdm ivBUvi G‡m gIjvbvi nv‡Z Zvi QvocÎ w`‡jb|
gIjvbv Avb‡›`i AvwZk‡h¨ Avi Zdmxi Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv| gvÎ K‡qK
wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ ˆZix n‡q †M‡jb| gy³ Av‡jv evZv‡m wbtk¦vm †bqvi Rb¨ Zvi
GZ Zvov| P‡j †M‡jI wZwb Avgv‡K fy‡jbwb| c‡i GK mgq Avgvi mv‡_
mv¶vZ Ki‡Z Av‡mb|
KvivMv‡i mvC`x fvB‡K VvÆv”Q‡j ejZvg, ÔmvC`x fvB, Kvivev‡mi ci †Zv
Avcwb Av‡jg‡`i g‡a¨ kx‡l© G‡m hv‡”Qb| ZLb †Zv GB Aag Kvivm½x‡`i
K_v Avcbvi g‡b _vK‡e bv|Õ †Kvb Reve w`‡Zb bv| ïay nvm‡Zb, jvR
webgª nvwm|
cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j Avgiv Zv‡K †KD RvbZvg bv| evqvˇii Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi AÜ
Zgmvq †MvUv †`k †Q‡q †M‡j †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb mvC`x Bmjv‡gi gkvj nv‡Z
wb‡q †`‡ki GK cÖvš— n‡Z Avi GK cÖvš— ch©š— Dévi gZ Qz‡U †ewo‡q‡Qb|
e›`y‡Ki b‡ji gy‡L Bmjv‡gi AvIqvR eyj›` K‡i‡Qb| SÅv we¶z×
gnvmgy‡`ª fvmwQj †Kej gvÎ mvC`xi †QvÆ GKwU wW½v, ˆeVv nv‡Z wZwb
DËvj Zi½ †f` K‡i Bmjv‡gi †QvÆ wK¯—x wb‡q cvwo w`‡q‡Qb| wgbv‡i
wgbv‡i Avhvb w`‡q m‡¤§vwnZ RvwZi †PZbv wdwi‡q G‡b‡Qb| wKš‘ hLb
Z›`ªvi †Nvi †_‡K †MvUv RvwZ †R‡M DVj ZLb Avi †mB bKxe mvC`x
gq`v‡b †bB| wK GK AÜ †gv‡n wec­‡ei c_ cwinvi K‡i‡Qb| Av‡qkx
Rxeb hvc‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡qB wZwb Avj­vni Kv‡Q bvRvZ cÖvwßi mnR c_ mÜvb
Ki‡Qb|
†Rj †_‡K †ei“evi †ek wKQz ci AóªMÖvg I evwRZcy‡i Bmjvgx m‡¤§j‡bi
Rb¨ †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb mvC`x‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k Avwg I mv‡eK Mfb©i
knx` †gvb‡qg Lv‡bi †Q‡j Kvgi“¾vgvb Lvb fvB †Uwj‡dv‡b †hvMv‡hvM K‡i
Zuvi evmvq Dcw¯’Z nB| †fZ‡i †XvKvi mgq †`Ljvg my›`i GKUv
†KviAv‡bi Avqv‡Zi w÷Kvi jvMv‡bv| †hme Biv‡bi mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª †_‡K
wewj Kiv nq| Avgš¿Y msµvš— cÖ‡qvRbxq K_vevZ©v †kl n‡j Avwg mvMÖ‡n
Biv‡bi wec­e m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmvev` Kwi| Rev‡e wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb Bivb wec­e
wb‡f©Rvj Bmjvgx wec­e| Avwg Bivb md‡ii mgq Ny‡i Ny‡i †`‡LwQ| ej‡Z
50
†M‡j Biv‡bi wec­e‡K evwR‡q †`Lvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ| †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b
†eov‡bvi my‡hvM Bivb Avgv‡K w`‡qwQj| Avwg me©¯—‡ii RbM‡Yi mv‡_
wg‡kwQ, Zv‡`i mv‡_ K_v e‡jwQ, Zv‡Z g‡b n‡q‡Q, RbM‡Yi Aš—i †_‡K
ivóªxq ¶gZv ch©š— Bmjvg GKUv wec­e mvab K‡i‡Q| A_©bxwZ, ivRbxwZ,
ms¯‹…wZ †h †Kvb w`K wb‡q wePvi we‡k­lY Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e wec­‡ei †Quvqv
GKBfv‡e †j‡M‡Q|Õ †mw`b Zuvi GB DcjwäUv `vi“Yfv‡e fvj †j‡MwQj|
Bivb †_‡K wb‡q Avmv kZvãxi mdj Bmjvgx wec­‡ei AwfÁZv †`‡ki
cÖZ¨š— A‡j mvC`x mv‡ne Qwo‡q w`‡Z cvi‡Zb| wbh©vwZZ gvby‡li wmbvq
wmbvq Qwo‡q w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bZzb wec­‡ei d‡qR| †KvwU †KvwU Z›`ªv”Qbœ
AvZ¥vi Abyf~wZ‡K DÏxß Kivi ¶gZv †`jIqvi †nv‡mb mvC`xi h‡_ó wQj|
†`‡ki wbM„nxZ wb‡®úwlZ Rb-gvby‡li Xj ivRc‡_ bvgv‡Z cvi‡Zb GB
†`jIqvi †nv‡mb mvC`x| wKš‘ `yf©vM¨ GB RvwZi; †Kvb GK †bc_¨ nvIqvi
¯ú‡k© wec­exKÉ mvC`xi †Pv‡LB GLb Z›`ªvi †Nvi|
GKw`b †`Ljvg †gRi (Aet) Rqbvj Av‡e`xb KvivMv‡i G‡jb| AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi we‡ivax f~wgKv †bqvi Rb¨ Zvi G Kvivevm| wZwb Avgv‡`i KvQvKvwQ
26 †mj wWwfk‡b _vK‡Zb| gyw³hy‡× Zvi mwµq f~wgKv i‡q‡Q| wZwb †kL
gywRei ingvb, AvIqvgx jxM I wn›`y¯—v‡bi KÆi mgv‡jvPK| cÖvmw½Kfv‡e
me©‡kl gyMj mgªvU evnv`yikv‡ni MR‡ji GKwU Kwj g‡b co‡jvÑÔmeKzQ
jyUv‡K ûuk‡g Av‡q †Zv wKqv wKqvÑ mewKQz nvwi‡q †PZbv G‡j Avi Kx
n‡eÕ? gxiRvd‡ii mn‡hvMx gxi Kvwmg Zvi Rxeb w`‡qI evsjvi †mŠfvM¨
wdwi‡q Avb‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Qb| Zey AvnZ we‡eK Zv‡`i Zvwo‡q wb‡q wdi‡Q|
†gRi (Aet) Rqbvj Av‡e`x‡bi gZ Z_vKw_Z gyw³hy‡×i mn‡hvMx‡`i
Z~‡bi Zxi ey‡givs n‡q Zv‡`i ey‡KB G‡m weua‡Q| †mB hš¿Yvq Aw¯’i Zviv|
wKš‘ Zv‡`i †mB `ytmvnwmK nvZ GLb k~b¨| Zv‡`i `yR©q nvwZqvi GLb
KzPµx‡`i A¯¿vMv‡i| gyw³‡hv×v n‡qI †gRi (Aet) Rqbvj Av‡e`xb
KvivMv‡i †mj cÖ‡Kv‡ô| gIjvbv gwZb I Rqbvj Av‡e`xb mv‡n‡ei
cvkvcvwk 26 †mj wWwfk‡b Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Zv‡`i Aciva GKB|
gxiRvd‡ii wei“‡× gxi Kvwm‡gi f~wgKv wb‡q‡Qb Zviv|
gIjvbv gZxb AvIqvgx cÂg evwnbxi K…wÎg †`k‡cÖg Avi MYmg_©‡bi eni
†`‡L GK mgq A܇gv‡n Av”Qbœ n‡q c‡ob| Zvi Av‰kke jvwjZ †PZbv
51
wemR©b w`‡q Z_vKw_Z gyw³i Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z n‡q I‡Vb| n‡Z cv‡i wZwb
GUv‡K Zvi AvZ¥cÖwZôvi mnR c_ e‡j g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi nZ¨vh‡Ái ivRbxwZ, e¨vcK `yb©xwZ I w`j­x wbf©i Avw`g
ˆ¯^ivPvi †`‡L Zvi †gvnf½ nq| wZwb Avevi wd‡i Av‡mb Zvi Drm-g~‡j|
†gRi Rqbvj Av‡e`x‡bi mv‡_ mxivZ KwgwU MVb K‡i wbe©vwmZ Bmjvgx
†PZbv‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi †Póv K‡ib| wewfbœ Kvh©Kvi‡Y †gvnMÖ¯— n‡q A_ev
Pv‡ci gy‡L †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y A_ev nvév †PZbvq wewfbœ ej‡q AvewZ©Z
n‡jI Zv‡K wN‡i i‡q‡Q Bmjvgx g~j¨‡eva|
†`jIqvi †nv‡mb mvC`xi we`v‡qi ci Avwg KZ…©c‡¶i AbywgZ wb‡q
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx †bZv I knx`yj­vn Kvqmvi msµvš— nZ¨v gvgjvi Avmvgx
Rbve Ave`yj Lv‡jK gyRg`vi fvB‡K Avgvi †m‡j wb‡q Gjvg| cvi¯úwiK
Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g GK‡Nu‡q Ajm gyn~Z©¸‡jv‡K cÖvYeš‘ K‡i †Zvjvi
e¨_© cÖqvm nq‡Zvev| Ave`yj Lv‡jK gRyg`vi GKvˇii hy×Kvjxb mg‡q
XvKv wmwU Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi GKRb `vwqZ¡kxj †bZv wQ‡jb| GKRb
`vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³Z¡ wn‡m‡e KvivMv‡i Zvi AvPvi AvPiY, Zvi mš¿¯— Abyf~wZ,
Zvi cÖjyä †PZbv, Zvi ¯^RbcÖxwZi ewntcÖKvk Avgv‡`i h‡_ó AvnZ K‡i‡Q|
Ab¨ †Kvb msMV‡bi †bZv †Zgb †Kvb NUbvi AeZviYv Ki‡j Avgvi g‡b
†Zgb cÖwZwµqvi m„wó n‡Zv bv Ges †mUv ¯^vfvweK wn‡m‡e MÖnY KiZvg|
wKš‘ GKUv †gŠjev`x msMV‡b `xN© w`b a‡i we‡kl cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q
wbqwš¿Z I fvimvg¨g~jK Rxeb‡eva weKvk NUv‡bvi Ae¨vnZ cÖ‡Póv Pvjy _vKv
Ae¯’vq Zvi †bZvi AatcwZZ gvbwmKZv †`‡L Avgvi cxwoZ nIqv
¯^vfvweK| GUv Zv‡K Lv‡Uv Kivi Rb¨ bq, GB ev¯—eZvi wbwi‡L wZwb ¯^qs
Ges AviI kZ kZ †bZv I Kg©x w`K-wb‡`©kbv cv‡e| Zv bv n‡j Gme
`ye©jZv‡K jywK‡q ivLvi A_© n‡e Avwg †R‡b ï‡b GKUv wele„‡¶i exR
†ivcY Kijvg|
10 †mj wWwfk‡b Avgvi †m‡j Avgvi mv‡_ wZwb _vK‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jb|
Zdmxi K¬vm cybivq Pvjy nj| Avgvi Lye fvj jvMwQj GKRb Av‡jg‡K
Avgvi mv‡_ †c‡q| wZwb Avgvi mv‡_ 10 †mj wWwfk‡b _vK‡jI Zvi
Awdwmqvj †hvMm~Î Z…Zxq †kªYxi mv‡_ i‡q hvq| K‡q`x Ae¯’vq wZwb eo
52
†PŠKvi g¨v‡bRv‡ii `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb| wkw¶Z gvbyl e‡j †Rj KZ…©c¶ Zv‡K
GB `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y K‡ib| GKw`b †`Ljvg 10 †mj wWwfk‡b 20 R‡bi Rb¨
ivbœv Kiv 20Uv gv‡Qi gv_v wb‡q GKRb †gU nvwRi| wR‡Ám KijvgÑ Ô†K
cvwV‡q‡Q?Õ Reve †cjvgÑ Ôg¨v‡bRvi mv‡ne|Õ G‡Z Avgvi wWwfk‡b `vi“Y
cÖwZwµqv nj| Avgvi †gv‡UI fvj jv‡Mwb| Z…Zxq †kªYx‡Z Ggwb‡ZB Lv`¨
msKU, ZwiZiKvix gvQ-gvs‡mi `vi“Y Afve| Zv‡`i ewÂZ †i‡L Lv‡jK
fvB †Kvb gvbweK ZvMv`vq 20wU gv‡Qi gv_v Avgv‡`i †mj wWwfk‡b
cvVv‡jb eySjvg bv| ZvI hw` GLv‡b †Zgb Lv`¨ msKU _vKZ Zvn‡j †mUv
†g‡b †bqv †hZ| A‡b‡K Avevi wUàwb KvU‡jb, ÔGiv Avevi Bbmvd Kv‡qg
Ki‡e?Õ Giv gv‡b †Zv Avgiv| AvwgI †Zv Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mv‡_ mswk­ó|
K_vUv Avgvi Amn¨ g‡b nj| jw¾Z njvg| BKev‡ji †mB evYx g‡b njÑ
Ôhw` gR`y‡ii n¯—MZ nq K‡g©i KZ…©Z¡ Zvn‡j cv_i KvUvi g‡a¨ cÖKvk cv‡e
Avw`g ˆ¯^ivPvi|Õ Zv‡K Avwg mvaviY †kªYxi g‡b KiZvg bv e‡j `ytL †cjvg
†ekx| ïay m¯—v evnev †bqvi Rb¨ wZwb Zvi ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM K‡i mvaviY
K‡q`x‡`i ewÂZ K‡i‡Qb|
iv‡Î Nygv‡Z G‡jb| Zvi Dcw¯’wZ Avwg mn¨ Ki‡Z cviwQjvg bv| Pzc K‡i
Ab¨ w`‡K ZvwK‡q wQjvg Avgiv †h mvaviY K‡q`x‡`i ewÂZ Kiv Dcnvi
mnRfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwiwb GUv wZwb †Ui †c‡q‡Qb| cÖm½ Avwg Zzjjvg|
ejjvgÑÔAvcbvi we‡eK e‡j †Zv GKUv wKQz _vKv DwPZ| _vKv DwPZ
Avcbvi `~i`wk©Zv GLv‡b cÖ‡Z¨KUv gvbyl ms‡e`bkxj| Avcbvi cÖwZ
GLvbKvi mK‡ji wK Mfxi kª×v wQj| GK wbwg‡l †mUv aŸsm K‡i w`‡jb|
Avcbvi G nvév †PZbv‡eva Av‡›`vj‡bi Ici KZ eo AvNvZ K‡i, Avcbvi
GUv †evSv DwPZ wQj| A_P msMV‡bi me gvbylB Ggb bq| KZ nvRvi
nvRvi gvbyl `„wói Avov‡j KZ eo eo †Kvievbx w`‡”Q| Zv‡`i K…wZZ¡ Avi
†Kvievbx¸‡jv nq‡Zv †f‡m DV‡e bv| wKš‘ Avcbv‡`i GB ΓwU¸‡jv `yM©Ü
n‡q †f‡m †eov‡e|Õ Avi ejjvg, Ôhv wKQz Ki‡eb GKUz †f‡e wP‡š— Ki‡eb|
Avcbv‡`i Dc‡`k †`qv †Zv mv‡R bv|Õ
53
cvebv AvUNwiqvi gIjvbv †ejvj Avgv‡`i msMV‡biB GKRb| wZwb
GKvˇi Z_vKw_Z †PZbvi wkKvi| cÖ_g †kªYxi K‡q`x wQ‡jb wZwbI| 10
†mj wWwfk‡bi GK †Kv‡Y Avgvi mv¶v‡Z Ave`yj Lv‡jK gyRg`v‡ii D‡Ï‡k
ivMZfv‡e ej‡jb, ÔAvcwb msMV‡bi GKRb †bZ…¯’vbxq †jvK n‡q
K›UªvKU‡ii KvQ †_‡K wK K‡i UvKv wb‡jb? H UvKv wK Avcbv‡K Zviv
eKwkk w`‡q‡Q? G‡Z wK mvaviY K‡q`x‡`i‡K Zv‡`i nK †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv
n‡”Q bv? Avcwb ejyb njc K‡i ejyb †h K›Uªv±‡ii KvQ †_‡K Avcwb UvKv
†bbwb? Ave`yj Lv‡jK gyRg`vi‡K bxie _vK‡Z †`‡LwQ| †`‡LwQ iv‡M `yt‡L
†¶v‡f j¾vq weg~p n‡Z| AveviI Avwg Lv‡jK fvB‡K msMV‡bi fwel¨‡Zi
w`‡K ZvwK‡q mshZ n‡Z ejjvg| cÖwZev`x K‡É †ejvj fvB‡K ejjvg, G
wb‡q Avi G¸‡eb bv|Õ
Avwg Rvwbbv Zvi cwiev‡i A_©‰bwZK msKU Zv‡K GZ bxPz n‡Z eva¨
K‡iwQj wKbv| †h GKUv So, †h GKwU A_©‰bwZK-mvgvwRK msK‡Ui
†gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡qwQj †`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvbyl‡K Zv‡Z Gi †P‡q bxPz ¯—‡iI
hw` †Kvb gvbyl †b‡g _v‡K Zvn‡j KZUzKz †m `vqx n‡e? Z‡e Gme Kg©KvÊ
†h msMV‡bi Ici `vi“Y cÖwZwµqvi m„wó K‡i GUzKz ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv|
mePvB‡Z †ekx Avwg N„Yv KiZvg Zvi Kvcyi“wPZ Awfe¨w³| Avwg g‡b Kwi
GKRb gymjgvb Rxe‡bi msK‡U A_ev †Kvb `ye©j gyn~‡Z© A‡bK wKQz Ki‡Z
cv‡i wKš‘ eyR`xj n‡Z cv‡i bv| hLb †KD g‡b Ki‡e cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯—
`v‡bi gvwjK Avj­vn Ges wKmgZ hLb wba©vwiZ nq Dc‡i, wR‡›`Mxi
dvqmvjv hLb Av‡m jI‡n gvndzR †_‡K ZLb GKRb Cgvb`vi gybv‡dK I
Kv‡di‡`i c`PviYvq fxZmš¿¯— n‡e †Kb? A_P Zv‡K †`‡LwQ KvivMv‡ii
wbf„Z †Kv‡YI ZU¯’ _vK‡Z| n‡Z cv‡i Av‡M †h AgvbywlK Ryjyg Avi
AZ¨vPvi Zvi Ici n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡KB Zvi g‡a¨ Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q GB fxwZ|
KvivMv‡i AvIqvgx jxM I evgcš’xiv mw¤§wjZfv‡e Avgv‡K wech©¯— Kivi
†Póv Ki‡Q| Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi we‡iva ïaygvÎ Av`k©MZ| Avwg †RjLvbvq
`vIqvZx I ZiweqvZx †cÖvMÖvg ej‡Z †M‡j fvjgZ Pvjy K‡iwQ| Lv‡jK
fvB‡qi DwPZ wQj Avgvi cv‡k ewjôfv‡e `uvov‡bv| A_P Avwg Zv‡K
54
†Zgbfv‡e cvBwb| eis Avgvi Av‡eM Avi Abyf~wZ‡K `ye©j Kivi †Póv
K‡i‡Qb| e‡j‡QbÑ KvivMv‡i Avgvi Ae¯’vb †_‡K GKUz wcQz n‡U Avm‡Z|
GKUv NUbv †_‡K †evSvhv‡e KvivMv‡i wKfv‡e wZwb mš¿¯— _vK‡Zb| GKw`b
Avwg wZb iv¯—vi GK †gv‡o `uvwo‡q Zvi mv‡_ K_v ejwQ| ejwQjvgÑ
AvIqvgx jxM Avgv‡K Uv‡M©U K‡i Zv‡`i lohš¿ -Rvj we¯—vi K‡i‡Q|
wWAvBwR ch©š— Avgv‡K wb‡q eû Awf‡hvM DÌvcb K‡i‡Q| G‡Z kvwš— wewNœZ
nevi AvksKvq wWAvBwR nq‡Zv GLvb †_‡K Avgv‡K Ab¨ †Kvb †R‡j cvwV‡q
w`‡eb| †hUv AvIqvgx jxM Pvq| GgbwU n‡j Zviv mdj n‡e| Avgiv ne
e¨_©| Avgv‡`i wgkbI n‡e e¨_©| Avgv‡`i Kvh©µg eÜ n‡q hv‡e| ÔAvcwb
†Zv Avgv‡`i †bZ…¯’vbxq| evB‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i e¨vcviUv g¨v‡bR
Kiv hvq wKbv?Õ wZwb wK ej‡Zb Rvwbbv| `~i †_‡K Rvm‡`i kªwgK †bZv
i“ûj Avwgb fu~Bqv‡K †`‡L Avov‡j m‡i †M‡jb| eySjvg fxwZ Zv‡K †c‡q
e‡m‡Q| Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi †Kvb †hvMv‡hvM i‡q‡Q A_ev Avgv‡`i Rb¨
†Kvb Abyf~wZ i‡q‡Q GgbwU cÖwZc‡¶i Kv‡Q aiv co–K wZwb Zv PvB‡Zb bv|
i“nj Avwgb fu~Bqv P‡j hvIqvi ci wZwb Avevi G‡jb| Avwg Zv‡K ejjvgÑ
ÔcÖvPx‡ii Avovj n‡q wK cwiPq jyKv‡Z cvi‡eb? Avgv‡`i wei“×ev`x n‡q
Zv‡`i mnvbf~wZ cv‡eb? mnvbyf~wZ cvevi †Kvb m¤¢vebv _vK‡j wg_¨v gvgjvq
Avcbv‡K Iiv Rov‡Zv bv| †bZvi Ggb AvPi‡Yi cÖKvk NU‡j Kg©xiv †Zv
`ye©j n‡q co‡e| Aš—Z Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avwg GgbUv Avkv Kwi bv|
Kvcyi“lZv Avi eyRw`jxi bvg wnKgZ bq|Õ wZwb jv-Reve n‡q `uvwo‡q
_vK‡jb|
Iw`‡K †gRi (Aet) Rqbvj Av‡e`xb mv‡ne GKwU eB †jLvq nvZ w`‡q‡Qb|
wZwb g‡b Ki‡jb Ave`yj Lv‡jK gyRg`vi Zvi mn‡hvMx n‡j Zvi Kv‡R
myweav n‡e| wZwb KZ…©c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q Avgvi KvQ †_‡K Lv‡jK mv‡ne‡K
Zvi wb‡Ri mvwbœ‡a¨ †U‡bwb‡jb| Avje`‡ii †Wiv †_‡K Z_vKw_Z ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖvgxi c¶c~‡U wbivc` Avkªq †c‡q Lv‡jK fvB †hb nvd‡Q‡o euvP‡jb|
AveyeKi wmwχKi Rb¨ Avgvi `ytL nZ me‡P‡q †ekx| c‡bi †lvj eQi
eq‡mi DVwZ Zi“Y| ˆK‡kvi †cwi‡q †Kewj †hŠe‡b c`vc©Y K‡i‡Q| Rxeb
55
wb‡q m~² ¯^cœ †`LviI mgq †g‡jwb Zvi| wmwÏK wQj evwMPvi GK cÖv‡š—
†dvUv †hb GKUv dzj| `j †gjvi mv‡_ mv‡_ DËß evZvm G‡m cuvcwo¸‡jv
Sj‡m w`j| †m Zvi AvZ¥-cÖwZôvi Rb¨ nvwZqvi Zz‡j wb‡qwQj Ggb bq|
†bZ…‡Z¡i wfZ‡K gReyZ Kivi Rb¨I Zvi msMÖvg wQj bv| Hk¦‡h©i cÖ‡qvR‡b
A_ev e¨w³MZ myL ¯^v”Q‡›`i Rb¨ i³-wcQj c‡_ cv evwo‡qwQjÑ G K_vI
ejv hv‡e bv| Zvi msMÖvgx I msNvZgq Rxe‡bi cðv‡Z i‡q‡Q gnvb RvZxq
†cÖiYv| cvwK¯—v‡bi Aw¯—‡Z¡i IciB wbf©i Ki‡Q Dcgnv‡`‡ki gyjmgvb‡`i
B¾Z I Avhv`x, GB wQj Zvi wek¦vm| wmwÏK wKQz‡ZB wn›`y gw¯—®‹ †_‡K
DrmvwiZ mgKvjxb †PZbvi cÖevngvb avivq AeMvnb Ki‡Z Pvqwb nvRvi
eQ‡ii ˆewiZv hv‡`i mv‡_, gymjgvb‡`i i‡³ hv‡`i nvZ ivOv Zv‡`i Avkªq
wkwe‡i †h‡Z Pvqwb wmwÏK| eis wn›`y¯—vbx AvMÖvmb cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨
nvwZqvi Zz‡j wb‡qwQj nv‡Z| †bnv‡qZ †`k-†cÖg I RvZxq Aw¯—Z¡‡K wUwK‡q
ivLvi Rb¨ nviv‡Z nj Zvi gv I †evb‡K| evsjv‡`k nIqvi ci gyw³‡dŠR
Zvi N‡i nvbv †`q| Zv‡K bv †c‡q Zvi gv I †evb‡K ¸jx K‡i nZ¨v K‡i|
cieZ©x‡Z KwZcq gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri nv‡Z aiv c‡o †m| †QvU Aí eqmx wmwχKi
Ici fqvevn wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q Zvici KvivMv‡i wb‡¶c Kiv nq|
KvivMv‡i _vKvKvjxb mevB wmwÏK‡K Av`i Ki‡Zv| meviB †QvU fvB †hb
I| Zvi AveŸv cÖ_g w`‡K KvivMv‡i Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi Rb¨ wbqwgZ
G‡jI bZzb K‡i we‡q Kivi ci Avi †Zgb AvmZ bv| wmwχKi mKi“Y
Pvnwb Avgv‡K `vi“Yfv‡e weeªZ KiZ| Zvi nvwmi Avov‡j Aš—nxb †e`bv
i‡q‡Q †evSv †hZ ¯úóB| `ytmn gvbwmK hš¿Yvq wmwχKi ¯^v¯’¨ †f‡O c‡o|
GB ¯^í eqmx Zi“Y, ¯^vfvweKfv‡eI hvi Ggb Kviv‡fv‡Mi K_v bq, Zv‡K
7wU eQi KvivcÖ‡Kv‡ô `ytmn Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z nq| AvUvËi mv‡j wmwÏK
gyw³ jvf K‡i| Ggwbfv‡e KZ kZ †`k‡cÖwgK wmwÏK ¸jx‡Z wbnZ n‡q‡Q
A_ev KvivcÖ‡Kv‡ô g„Zz¨i mv‡_ jovB K‡i‡Q Zvi wn‡me GL‡bv †ei nqwb|Õ
56

wZb
B‡Zvg‡a¨ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Lyb Lvivex msNwUZ n‡q‡Q| GKB mg‡q 7wU
Lyb| †mB nZ¨v gvgjvi Avmvgx n‡q Avm‡jb Rbve, kwdDj Avjg cÖavb|
wZwb gymwjg jxM †bZv †WcywU w¯úKvi `wei DwÏb cÖav‡bi †Q‡j|
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi 7wU Lyb msµvš— wel‡q Avjvc Zvi mv‡_ n‡q‡Q| Zv †_‡K
hZUzKz g‡b n‡q‡Q, †Kvb GK †bc_¨ Bw½‡Z QvÎjx‡M fvO‡bi †Quvqv jv‡M|
µ‡g G‡Ki †fZi `yB ¯úó n‡q I‡V| GKwU‡Z cÖKvk¨ †kL gwYi g``|
Ab¨wUi MvB‡WÝ Av‡m Ab¨Zg AvIqvgx †bZv †Zvdv‡q‡ji †Uwej †_‡K|
†kL gwYi g``cyóiv XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qB ïay bq, mg¯— kn‡i mš¿v‡mi ivRZ¡
Kv‡qg K‡i| Zv‡`i wnsmª bLi †_‡K †Kvb QvÎ Ggb wK †g‡qivI wb‡R‡`i
wbivc` fve‡Z cv‡i bv| wKš‘ Zey Zv‡`i Kg©KvÊ wbwe©‡iva n‡Z cvi‡Q bv|
KviY Ab¨ MÖ“cwUi †bZ…‡Z¡ i‡q‡Qb kwdDj Avjg cÖavb| Zvi Ae¯’vb
G‡Kev‡i nvIqvi Ici, ZvI bq| cÖfve cÖwZcwË w`‡q wZwb Zvi MÖ“c wb‡q
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †Póv K‡ib| G e¨vcv‡i †kL gywRe ch©š— Awf‡hvM †cuŠ‡Q| wKš‘
†kL gwYi cÖfve ZLb GZ Zxeª †h Zv †_‡K gy³ n‡q †kL gywRe I Zvi
cÖkvmb mwVK mg‡q mwVK e¨e¯’v wb‡Z e¨_© nq| Gi d‡j gwY-mg_©K
QvÎjx‡Mi g¯—vb‡`i `ytmvnm, J×Z¨ AviI fq¼i I mxgvnxb n‡q I‡V|
Zviv cÖwZc¶ cÖavb MÖ“‡ci Dci giY-†Qvej †`evi bxjb·v ˆZix K‡i|
wKš‘ Kz`i‡Zi dvqmvjv wfbœ iKg| gwY MÖ“‡ci cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi Av‡M
7Uv jvk wek¦we`¨vjq PZ¡‡i jywU‡q c‡o|
KvivMv‡i Avgvi mv‡_ cÖavb fvB‡qi m¤úK© Aí Kqw`‡bi g‡a¨ Aš—i½ n‡q
I‡V| Zvi fviZ we‡ivax †PZbv Avgv‡`i gZB gReyZ| g‡bi cÖmviZv wQj
e¨vcK| cvV¨ wel‡qi evB‡iI wQj Zvi c`PviYv| wZwb Bmjv‡gi Dci
†jLvcov K‡i‡Qb| gIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv‡`i †jLvi `vi“Y f³|
KvivMv‡i Zvi Adziš— Aem‡i gIjvbv mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`xi mvwn‡Z¨i
mv‡_ e¨vcKfv‡e cwiwPZ nb| cÖvq GK WRb mn‡hvMx ZviB gZ gb-
57
gvbwmKZv m¤úbœ| hw`I ZLb ch©š— Zv‡`i gv_v †_‡K AvÂwjK
RvZxqZvev‡`i cÖwZgv cy‡ivcywi AcmvwiZ nqwb| Zey eje, Giv fvM¨vnZ
RvwZi m¤ú`|
Rbve, Awj Avnv` wn›`y¯—vb we‡ivax GKwU ewjô we‡eK, GKwU msMÖvgx
†PZbv, GKwU †mv”Pvi KÉ| GK ch©v‡q Zv‡KI †cjvg Avgiv| wm‡bgvi
c`©vi gZ †hb G‡K G‡K A‡bK bvqK gnvbvqK Avgv‡`i mvg‡b G‡m
Dcw¯’Z n‡”Qb| Avwg †hb Kv‡ji mv¶x n‡q mewKQz Ae‡jvKb KiwQ| w`j­x
nbyR `~iv¯—| Pwj­k eQi A‡bK `~i| GK weZ©bkxj BwZnv‡mi `ªóv wn‡m‡e
KvivMv‡i AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ôI Avgvi fvj jvM‡Q|
GbGmGd †bZv ˆmq` †bmvi †bvgvbxi mv‡_ Awj Avnv` fvB‡qi Av‡M
†_‡KB Nwbô m¤úK©| †bvgvbx Avgv‡K wb‡q †M‡jb Awj Avnv` fvB‡qi mv‡_
cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨| Avgvi AZxZ BwZe„Ë †U‡b Avbvi cÖm‡½ Avnv`
fvB‡K A‡bK wKQz ej‡jb| AviI ej‡jb, Ôi“k-fviZ we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb
hw` mwZ¨ Avcbviv K‡ib, hw` fviZxq AvMÖvmb i“L‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j Avwgb
fvB‡qi gZ nvRvi nvRvi wbf©xK I ewjô Kg©xi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Avi Giv
n‡”Q huvPvB Kiv wb‡f©Rvj| BwZnv‡mi MwZavivq cixw¶Z| wn›`y¯—v‡bi byb
LvIqv gvbyl‡`i wb‡q Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb wVKB, wKš‘ wn›`y¯—vbx AvMÖvmb
cÖwZ‡iva Kivi gZ kw³kvjx ey¨n iPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| †bvgvbx Awj
Avnv` fvB‡K Mfxi mL¨Zvi `vwe wb‡q AviI ej‡jbÑ ÔKvivMvi †_‡K
†ewi‡q †hme kw³ KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô gv_v KzU‡Q Zv‡`i‡K †ei Kivi
`ytmvnwmK Kv‡R nvZ w`‡Z n‡e Avcbv‡K|Õ
Awj Avnv` fvB gyL Lyj‡jb, Zvi †QvÆ GKUv ReveÑ Ô†fZi evB‡ii cv_©K¨
Lye GKUv †ekx †bB †bvgvbx| Zey †Zvgvi K_v g‡b _vK‡e|Õ
Awj Avnv` fvB GK ch©v‡q Avgv‡K b¨vc †bZv Rbve gwkDi ingvb hv`y
wgqvi mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q †`b| wZwbI 26 †mj wWwfk‡b Ae¯’vb K‡i‡Qb|
†kL gywRe Ges wn›`y¯—vb we‡ivax f~wgKv †bqvi Rb¨ Zuvi H GKB Kvivevm|
ZLb hv`y wgqv †iŠ`ªK‡iv¾¡j eviv›`vq e‡m wQ‡jb| cv‡k GK evwU Pv, gv‡S
gv‡S PzgyK w`‡”Qb! nv‡Z R¡jš— wmMv‡iU| wZwb Avgv‡K wmMv‡iU w`‡q
Avc¨vqb Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| Avwg ¶gv †P‡q wbjvg| †Kbbv Avwg Zv‡Z Af¨¯—
58
bB| g‡b g‡b fvejvg RvZxq †bZviv Zv‡`i Ae‡PZ‡b Ggwb K‡i wb‡Riv
wel Lvb Ges †MvUv RvwZ‡K wel wMwj‡q _v‡Kb|
gwkDi ingvb Zvi ¯^fvemyjf AvPi‡Y Avgvi cÖwZ Mfxi mg‡e`bv Rvwb‡q
ej‡jbÑ Ô†Zvgv‡`i Nveov‡bvi †Kvb KviY †bB| evZvm D‡ëv eB‡Q| †Rj
†_‡K †ewi‡q Avgiv e¨vcK MY-Av‡›`vj‡b bvge| H Rv‡jg gywR‡ei ZL‡Z
ZvDm †f‡O Avgiv Lvb Lvb K‡i †`e| G‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z wn›`y¯—v‡bi ¯^cœ
`yt¯^‡cœ cwiYZ n‡e, †Zvgiv †`‡L wbI| KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡q †h AivRK
iv‡R¨ hv‡e, †mUv KvivMvi †_‡KI fq¼i| wbwe©Pvi nZ¨v, Ryjyg, ivnvRvwb
w`‡q †`k‡cÖwgK hyekw³‡K aŸsm K‡i w`j e`gv‡qkUv| msMÖvg †_‡g _vK‡e
bv, Ryjy‡gi g‡a¨B cÖwZ‡iva M‡o DV‡e| †Zvgiv †ewi‡q AvMÖvmbgy³
G‡`‡ki Av‡jv evZv‡m gyyw³i wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cvi‡e| gywRe Zvi bvU‡Ki †kl
`„‡k¨ G‡m †M‡Q| Zvi Avkv Ges Avk¦v‡m RvZxq Rxe‡bi wbwñ`ª AÜKv‡i
†hb GKUz Lvwb Av‡jv iwk¥ †`Ljvg| g‡b g‡b †`vqv KijvgÑ ÔAvj­vn, Zuvi
Dw³¸‡jv m‡Z¨ cwiYZ †nvK|Õ
XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i Rvm‡`i Av.m.g ie I †gRi Rwjj‡K `~i †_‡K
†`LZvg, Kv‡Q †Nulvi †Póv Kwiwb| ¯^ivóªgš¿x gbmyi Avjxi evmfeb
Ae‡iv‡ai NUbvq Zviv †R‡j Av‡mb|
Rvm‡`i e¨vcv‡i Avwg wQjvg G‡Kev‡i wb®ú„n| hw`I mvsMVwbKfv‡e gywRe
we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi e¨vcK cÖqvm cwijw¶Z nw”Qj Zv‡`i
Kvh©Kjv‡c| wKš‘ Zey †hb msMVbwU‡K i“k-fviZ A¶kw³i †m‡KÛ jvBb
e‡j Avgvi g‡b nZ| A‡bK eyw×RxweB Rvm` m¤^‡Ü Ggb aviYv †cvlY
Ki‡Zb| A‡b‡KB g‡b Ki‡Zb fviZ we‡ivax Ges gwRe we‡ivax msMÖvgx
hyekw³‡K wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ Rvm‡`i Av‡›`vjb wQj fvi‡Zi †bc_¨ cÖqvm|
GB fviZxq bxjb·vi mycwiKwíZ duv‡` cv w`‡jb †gRi Rwjj m¤¢eZ Zvi
ARv‡š—| GKB wQ‡`ª `yB evi nvZ ivL‡jb wZwb| Zvi †`k‡cÖg I mw`”Qvi
cÖwZ Avgvi m‡›`n †bB| fviZxq †kvlY I evsjv‡`kx m¤ú‡`i wbwe©Pvi
jyɇbi e¨vcv‡i wZwb wQ‡jb me‡P‡q cÖwZev`x KÉ mwµq cÖwZ‡ivaKvix| Gi
Rb¨ Avgvi kª×vI Zvi cÖwZ h‡_ó wQj|
Rvm‡`i Kg©avivq GKxf~Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zvi mw`”Qv Ges msMÖvgx †PZbv
Ackw³i wkKv‡i cwiYZ nq| Zv‡K AbymiY K‡i †`‡ki AMwYZ hye‡Ki
59
kw³ I mvg_©¨ ÔKbkvm wµwgbvjÕ wmivRyj Avjg Lv‡bi D™¢U ˆeÁvwbK
mgvRZ‡š¿i †e`x‡Z Amnv‡qi gZ ewj n‡q‡Q| RvZxq ¯^v_© Ges Av`k©
we‡ivax Afxó AR©‡bi Rb¨ Rvm‡`i †bc_¨ bvq‡Kiv Ges Avmg Avãyi ie
¯^qs †`k‡cÖwgK †gRi Rwj‡ji fviZ we‡ivax B‡gR PvZzixi mv‡_ e¨envi
K‡i‡Qb| GB mijZv Ges `ye©jZvi Rb¨ †gRi Rwj‡ji cÖwZ †mw`bI
Avgvi wQj A‡bK †e`bv wgwkªZ Pvcv †¶vf| G Kvi‡Y Zvi mv‡_ Avjv‡ci
B‡”Q n‡Zv bv|
mg‡qi Ave‡Z© NyicvK †L‡q †gRi Rwjj AvR GKwU bZzb c_ †c‡q‡Qb|
Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­‡ei mvdj¨ Zv‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q| †gRi Rwj‡ji
AvR‡Ki GB bZzb cwiµgv mwVK m‡›`n †bB| wKš‘ †ejv A‡bK Mwo‡q
†M‡Q| cÖengvb mg‡qi MwZavivq Zvi †mB kw³, †mB wn¤§Z Av‡Rv wK Zvi
g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q? nq‡Zv ev bvB, Zey `ytmvnwmK wm›`vev` †gRi Rwjj‡K Avwg
Kwe dii“‡Li fvlvq eje t
ÔAvR‡K †Zvgvi cvj IVv‡ZB n‡e
†Qov cv‡j AvR Ryo‡ZB n‡e Zvwj
fvOv gv¯‘j †`‡L w`K KiZvwj
ZeyI RvnvR AvR †QvUv‡ZB n‡e|Õ
Avmg Ave`yi i‡ei m`¤¢ Awfe¨w³‡K Avwg N„Yv KiZvg GKvˇii Av‡M
†_‡K| gv‡jK nZ¨vi †bc‡_¨I wZwb wQ‡jb| Avw`g ˆ¯^i gvbwmKZvi
ewntcÖKvk Zvi cÖwZwU e³‡e¨ my¯úó n‡q I‡V| †hgb wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvwg
gywRe‡K RvwZi wcZv †NvlYv w`‡qwQjvg, AvwgB Avevi cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i
wbjvg|Õ G †hb †Q‡ji nv‡Zi †gvqv|
G‡`‡ki m‡PZb hye-kw³ AvMvgx w`‡bi RvwZi Rb¨ Kj¨vY Avb‡Z cviZ|
wKš‘ GB Avmg Avãyi ie Zv‡`i‡K wec_Mvgx K‡i AcNv‡Z g„Zz¨i w`‡K
†V‡j †`q| ˆeÁvwbK mgvRZ‡š¿i bv‡g wb‡ew`ZcÖvY Kg©x‡`i Nv‡o cv †i‡L
wbivc` Av‡Li ¸wQ‡q †bq| Kg©xiv cwiYZ nq nZ¨vKvix Avi jy‡Uiv‡Z|
GKB Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv n‡q †gRi Rwjj A_©‰bwZK w`K w`‡q wecbœ, Avi
Avmg Ave`yi ie GKRb cyuwRcwZ| G Kvi‡YB †Z‡j-R‡j wgk Lvqwb|
60
i‡ei Ici Avgvi me‡P‡q †ekx `ytL Avi †¶vf cyÄxfyZ n‡qwQj †mw`b,
†hw`b KvivMv‡i wk¶K gwZDi ingvb GKUv †QvÆ NUbv ej‡Z †Ku‡`
†d‡jb|
KvivMv‡i Avmg Ave`yi ie AvBb wel‡q cix¶v †`b| †Uwe‡j cÖKv‡k¨ eB
†i‡L cix¶vi LvZvq wjLwQ‡jb| gwZDi ingvb mv‡ne wQ‡jb
BbwfwR‡jUi| wZwb ej‡jb, Ôie mv‡ne GKUy i‡q-m‡q Avgv‡`i euvwP‡q hv
nq Ki“b|Õ wk¶K gwZDi ingvb mv‡n‡ei GB Av‡e`bUzKz ie mv‡ne ei`v¯—
Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| eB Qz‡o gwZDi ingvb mv‡ne‡K †g‡iwQ‡jb Ges hv Zv e‡j
Nvo a‡i i“g †_‡K †ei K‡i †`b| GB NUbvi ci Zvi Ici Avgvi †Kvb
fvj aviYv Avi Aewkó iBj bv| ZvQvov KvivMv‡iB ˆmq` †bmvi †bvgvbxi
Kv‡Q ï‡bwQjvg GB i‡eivB Dcgnv‡`‡ki †kªô cvj©v‡g›Uvwiqvb Ges
Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg w`kvix †gŠjex dwi` Avng`‡K wbksm Ges ˆckvwPKfv‡e
nZ¨v K‡i|
10 †mj wWwfk‡b g¨v‡bRv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjvµ‡g wWwfkb wcÖRbvi‡`i cwiPvjbv
Ki‡Z n‡Zv| Gev‡ii cvjv Avgvi| GKw`b my‡e`vi G‡m msev` w`‡jb, Pvi
Rb †bZv G‡m‡Qb| Rvbjvg LvRv Lv‡qi DwÏb, meyi Lvb, GW‡fv‡KU
kdxKzi ingvb, GW‡fv‡KU BDmyd †PŠayix, gywRex `ytkvm‡b G‡`i wØZxq
`dv Kvivevm| †`Ljvg myev`vi `vi“Y Lykx| Avb‡›`i AvwZk‡h©¨ e‡j
P‡j‡QÑÔe½eyÜ `vjvj‡`i †invB w`‡jI Zviv wKš‘ PzcPvc wQj bv| lohš¿
KiwQj| lohš¿ Kiwe, Ki Gevi| †evS, gRvUv| e½eÜzi †PvL KwVb †PvL|
duvwK †`qv GZ mnR? kvjv, mgq gZ nv‡Zbv‡Z aiv c‡o †M‡Q|Õ Avwg
GKUz †i‡MB ejjvgÑ ÔAvi wKQz ejvi Av‡Q?Õ cÖm½ Gwo‡q wZwb ej‡jbÑ
ÔAvwgb mv‡ne, †Rjvi mv‡ne e‡j w`‡jbÑ GLvb †_‡KB Avcbvi †bZv‡`i
Lvevi w`‡Z n‡e|Õ ejjvgÑ ÔwVK Av‡Q n‡e|Õ ivRx njvg Avwg| Lvevi ˆZix
wQj| GKRb dvjZz‡K †W‡K Pvi R‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq Lvevi cvwV‡q w`jvg|
GKUz c‡i AvwgI nvwRi njvg| †bZv‡`i gyL †`‡L hw` evZv‡mi fve †evSv
hvq, GB Avkv wb‡q Zv‡`i mevi mv‡_ Avjvc nj| Avgv‡K Avš—wiKfv‡e
mvb‡›` MÖnY Ki‡jb Zviv| GKvš— Avcb Rb g‡b nj| meyi Lvb Zvi
cÖ‡Kv‡ô cÖ‡ek K‡i GKUv eomo Kjv G‡b w`‡jb| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB gyi“eŸxi gZ
A‡bK Dc‡`k, A‡bK mvš—¡bv w`‡q Avgvi gb-gvbmZvRv ivLvi †Póv
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Ki‡jb| Zv‡`i Aš—i½ mvnP‡h© Avgvi `vi“Y fvj jvMj| wcZv I
mš—v‡bi †hgb GKUv AvZ¥vi †hvM †ZgbB Abyfe Kijvg G‡`i †c‡q| nvév
evjmyjf †Kvb K_v †bB, AeKvk †bB evPvjZvi| K_v n‡”Q, Avjvc
Av‡jvPbv wVKB n‡”Q| wKš‘ ¸i“Z¡nxb †KvbwUB bq| Zviv ej‡jb,ÒZ_vKw_Z
`vjvj AvB‡bi AvIZvgy³ n‡q KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡q fvM¨nZ GB RvwZ‡K
`ywe©cvK †_‡K †U‡b †Zvjvi Rb¨ Avgiv wPš—v fvebv Ki‡Z _vwK| GKvˇii
cUf~wg‡Z †`kx we‡`kx lohš¿ Avi cÖPviYvi †Zv‡o Aejyß RvwZi we‡eK
Nv‡U Nv‡U †Vv°i †L‡q ¯^vfvweK †PZbvq wd‡i G‡m‡Q| G mgq ïay cÖ‡qvRb
wbfx©K ewjô †bZ…Z¡ Avi mg‡qvwPZ mwVK cwiKíbv| Avgiv GB e¨vcv‡i
D‡`¨vM wbw”Qjvg wKš‘ Zvi Av‡MB Avm‡Z n‡jv KvivMv‡i|Õ
LvRv Lv‡qiDwÏb ej‡jb- ÔAvwg GB †`k, GB evsjvi gvwU‡Z Avi bq|
Avgv‡K k~b¨ nv‡Z †h‡Z n‡jI Kvivgyw³i ci G‡`k †_‡K wnRiZ Kie|
G‡`k Avi †mB †`k †bB| gywk©`vev` n‡q †M‡Q| gywk©`vev‡`i †`k‡cÖwgK
m¤§vbx e¨w³Z¡¸‡jv †hgb gybv‡dK MvÏv‡ii nv‡Z jvwÃZ n‡qwQj, †Zgwb
`y‡kv eQi ci AvR Avevi G‡`‡ki nvIqvq gywk©ev‡`i MÜ|Õ
ejjvg, ÔAvcbviv Avgv‡`i †bZv| †MvUv RvwZ‡K wnsmª nv‡qbvi gy‡L †i‡L
Avcwb †`k Qvo‡eb wK K‡i?Õ
LvRv mv‡ne ej‡jb, ÔivR‰bwZK cÖwZc‡¶i wbgœZg gh©v`v‡KI †hLv‡b
¯^xKvi Kiv nq bv, †mLv‡b †Kvb we‡eKevb gvbyl _vK‡Z cv‡ib bv, Avwgb|
GB †`Lbv, i¶xevwnbx Avgvi evox‡Z PovI n‡j Avwg †ewi‡q Gjvg| Mv‡q
Avgvi †MÄx| Avgv‡K GKUv K_vI ej‡Z †`qv nj bv| †eMg mv‡nev Avgvi
Rvgv Avb‡jb, †mwU ch©š— Mv‡q w`‡Z w`j bv| GQvovI I‡`i Akªve¨
Akvjxb AvPiY Avgv‡K `vi“Yfv‡e AvnZ K‡i‡Q|Õ wZwb AviI ej‡jbÑ
ÔGRvwZi †mŠfvM¨ wd‡i Avm‡e wKbv Rvwbbv Z‡e G‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K hyM hyM
a‡i Zv‡`i fy‡ji Kvd&dviv Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ wZwb Aewk¨ Avgv‡K Avk¦¯—
Ki‡jb GB e‡j, ÔAvgv‡K GK mgq †Zvgvi †Km bv¤^viUv w`‡q w`I| Avwg
†Rj †_‡K †ewi‡q †Zvgvi Ges Avgv‡`i Avi hviv Av‡Qb Zv‡`i Rb¨ †Póv
Kie|Õ
62
GK mgq GW‡fv‡KU kwdKzi ingvb ej‡jb, ÔAvgvi wK g‡b n‡”Q Rvb?
†kL gywRe Avgv‡`i †P‡q †ekx Amnvq| Zvi B”Qv mw`”Qv hvB _vKbv †Kb,
Zvi Kivi wKQz †bB| wn›`y¯—vbx P‡µi Kv‡Q Zvi nvZ-cv euvav| Zvi Pvicv‡k
i“k-fviZPµ Ggb ey¨n iPbv K‡i †i‡L‡Q †h Zvi †_‡K wZwb †ewi‡q Avmvi
†Póv Ki‡j Zvi g„Zz¨ Awbevh© n‡q DV‡e| †`‡ki mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZ Zvi
wbqš¿‡Yi evB‡i| mš¿vm Avi `ªe¨g~j¨ wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z †Kvb kvmK bv Pvq?
wKš‘ PvB‡jB †mUv Kiv m¤¢e bq| GUv Ki‡j gywRe †h wfwËi Ici `uvwo‡q
Av‡Q †mUv a‡m co‡e| Avi †mI wbw¶ß n‡e aŸs‡mi AZj MnŸ‡i|
†mbvevwnbx gq`v‡b bvwg‡q †m †PóvI †Zv K‡iwQj| wKš‘ eva¨ n‡q Zv‡K
†mbvevwnbx e¨viv‡K wdwi‡q wb‡Z nq| Gi †P‡q eo K_v wn›`y¯—vb
evsjv‡`k‡K GK AivRK cwiw¯’wZi w`‡K †U‡b Avb‡Z Pv‡”Q Ges †mUv
mycwiKwíZfv‡e| wn›`y¯—v‡bi my`~icÖmvix cwiKíbvI evsjv‡`k‡K ˆ`b¨,
`yi`kv I AivRKZvi w`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z Pvq| i“k-fviZ Pµ †_‡K †`kUv‡K
gy³ Kiv gywR‡ei c‡¶ m¤¢e bq| gywRe Avùvjb, ZR©b MR©b Ges Mvjfiv
e³e¨ hv wKQzB Ki“K bv †Kb Bw›`ivi †Pv‡Li w`‡K †PvL †i‡LB †mUv Ki‡Z
nq| ej‡Z †M‡j gywRe GKUv †iveU, Gi wi‡gvU K‡›Uªvj Bw›`ivi nv‡Z|Õ
my`xN© ivR‰bwZK c_ cwiµg Kiv GB PviRb †bZvi mv‡_ Avjvc
Av‡jvPbvi mgq Avi GKRb RbwcÖq †bZv dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayixi K_v g‡b
c‡owQj evi evi| RvwZi Ggb K¬vwš—j‡Mœ Zvi cÖ‡qvRb wQj me‡P‡q †ekx|
`yf©vM¨ Avgvi †h XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i Ggb mgq ¯’vš—wiZ njvg hLb wZwb
cicv‡i| Zv‡K †`Lvi Ges Zvi mv‡_ Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi mva Ac~Y©B i‡q
†Mj|
PÆMÖv‡gi kv`y©j dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix‡K ¶z`ª †mj cÖ‡Kv‡ô †i‡LI wn›`y¯—v‡bi
wkLÊx gywRe Zvi Avmb‡K wbivc` fve‡Z cv‡iwb| m‡¤§vwnZ evsjvi
gymjgvb‡`i †PZbv wd‡i Avmv‡Z Ges wn›`y¯—vb we‡ivax g‡bvfve `vbv euva‡Z
ïi“ Ki‡j wn›`y¯—vb Zvi GK bxjb·v ev¯—veq‡bi Ici ¸i“Z¡ †`q| GwU wQj
fviZ we‡ivax ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡mg~n‡K `ywbqvi Av‡jv evZvm †_‡K ax‡i
ax‡i mwi‡q †`qv| Avgvi aviYvq G loh‡š¿i cÖ_g wkKvi n‡jb dRjyj
Kv‡`i †PŠayix| Zvi AZxZ ivR‰bwZK Kg©KvÊ hv wn›`y¯—vbx †bZv‡`i ¯§„wZ‡Z
AuvKv wQj| G QvovI †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v ÔiÕ-Gi bw_c‡Îi mgKvjxb wi‡cvU©
Abyhvqx wn›`y¯—vb we‡ivax ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡ mg~‡ni g‡a¨ wQ‡jb wZwb kx‡l©|
63
wZwb wbwLj fviZ gymwjg †dWv‡ik‡bi cÖ_g †m‡µUvix †Rbv‡ij wQ‡jb|
e„wUk Ges wn›`y‡`i lohš¿ evbPvj K‡i e„wUk fvi‡Zi gymwjg Zi“Y‡`i
mymsMwVZ Ki‡Z m¶g nb| †m mgq †mvnivIqv`©xi wb‡`©‡k PÆMÖv‡g
mvsMVwbK ZrciZv Pvwj‡q gymjgvb‡`i GKK GKwU c­vUdi‡g †U‡b Avb‡Z
m¶g nb| 1946 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b c~e©v‡j, we‡kl K‡i PÆMÖv‡g
gymjgvb‡`i wbi¼zk weRq Zvi mvsMwbK `¶ZviB dmj|
1965 mvj ch©š— wZwb cvwK¯—vb RvZxq cwil‡`i ¯úxKvi Ges A¯’vqx
†cÖwm‡W‡›Ui `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| Õ58 mvj ch©š— wZwb Av`gRx RyU wgj
kªwgK I RvnvR kªwgK‡`i †bZ…Z¡ †`b| c~e© cwðg ˆel‡g¨i wei“‡×I wZwb
wQ‡jb †mv”Pvi| wKš‘ Gi Rb¨ wn›`y¯—v‡bi c¶cy‡U Avkªq wb‡Z n‡e Ggb
aviYvi wei“‡×I wQ‡jb ewjô KÉ|
Avwg KvivMv‡i G‡m hZUzKz †R‡bwQÑ ¶z`ªvwZ¶z`ª †mj cÖ‡Kv‡ôi k¦vm-i“×Ki
cwi‡e‡k †_‡KI wZwb G‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK cUcwieZ©‡bi e¨vcv‡i wQ‡jb
`vi“Y Avkvev`x| ZvRDwÏb Msiv Kviv cwi`k©‡b G‡jB wZwb bvwK Zv‡K
e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô†mj¸‡jv‡K eomi Ki ZvRywÏb| Avgv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv a‡i
ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avgv‡`i †ei“‡bvi mgq G‡m †M‡Q| KvivMv‡ii †fZ‡i
Avm‡Z †Zvgv‡`iI †ekx †`ix †bB| GLb †_‡K KvivMvi¸‡jv ms¯‹vi K‡i
†dj|Õ †PŠayix mv‡ne Av‡iv bvwK e¨½ K‡i e‡jwQ‡jbÑÔ†Zvgv‡`i gywRe †Zv
G‡`k‡K †mvbvi evsjv evwb‡q †d‡j‡Q| gywRe‡K e‡jv, Avgvi Rb¨ Aš—Z
mv‡o 3 nvZ gvwU †hb gvwUB iv‡L|Õ
cÖ‡Z¨K w`b mKj †ejv †PŠayix mv‡ne `ivR Mjvq †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ
Ki‡Zb| wewfbœfv‡e R¡vjvgqx e³e¨ †i‡L wZwb fviZ we‡ivax Kvivevmx
gRjyg‡`i wecbœ gvbwmKZv‡K PvOv ivL‡Zb|
GB kv`y©j †bZvi Kɇiva Kivi Rb¨ m¤¢eZ wn›`y¯—v‡bi Kv‡jv nvZ Kviv
cÖvPxi Avi †jvnvi Miv` †f` K‡i ¶z`ª †mj cÖ‡Kvô ch©š— wM‡q †cuŠ‡Q|
KvivMv‡ii wewfbœ m~Î †_‡K Avwg hZUzKz †R‡bwQÑ GK K¤úvDÛvi Øviv Rbve
†PŠayixi †`‡n wmwiÄ w`‡q wel cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB welwµqvi d‡j dRjyj
Kv‡`i †PŠayix, gymwjg evsjvi GK wekvj e¨w³Z¡ kvnv`vZeiY K‡ib| Zvi
mg¯— kixi bvwK bxj n‡q wM‡qwQj|
64
gywRe cÖkvmb cieZ©x‡Z †mB K¤úvDÛvi‡K miKvix Li‡P Zvi m‡PZb ¸bvn Bgvb‡K wbivc` ivLvi Rb¨| A_P GLv‡bI Zv‡`i AwR©Z m¤ú` MÖvm Kivi
gv‡di Rb¨ n‡¾ †cÖiY K‡i| Rb¨ AvIqvgx cÂgevwnbx Pµv‡š— GLb Zvi wVKvbv KvivMvi| wZwb Avgv‡`i
dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix‡K wel cÖ‡qv‡M nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj Ggb aviYv eûj ej‡Zb GKUv cwieZ©b Avmbœ| ˆbiv‡k¨i wKQz †bB| emš— Avmvi Av‡M
cÖPvwiZ| gywRe-cieZ©x miKvimg~‡ni DwPZ wQj, Gi GKwU wbi‡c¶ Z`š— †hgb †gŠgvwQ‡`i g‡a¨ †`Lv hvq Dj­vm| cvwicvwk¦©K AvenvIqv †_‡K Zviv
Kiv| wKš‘ Ôeiev‡` ¸wj¯—uv Ki‡Y †Kv GKB D‡j­vK Kvwd n¨vB nvi kvLci †hb Avmbœ em‡š—i MÜ cvq; ïb‡Z cvq `wLbv nvIqvi c`aŸwb; gwR` fvB
D‡j­vK evqUv n¨vq AvbRv †m ¸uwj¯—v †Kqv †nvMv|Õ ms‡e`bkxj m‡PZb Zvi Ae‡PZb g‡b wVK †Zgwb cvjve`‡ji ms‡KZ †c‡qwQ‡jb| Zv bv n‡j
we‡eK wK GLb GKwUI Aewkó Av‡Q? †bB| Av‡Q †KejgvÎ AÜ Db¥v`bv| Zuv‡K KvivMv‡i Ggb wbi“wØMœ †`LZvg bv| `ywðš—v wQj bv †gv‡UI| hw`I
wK wkw¶Z, wK Awkw¶Z, mevi †hb GKB Ae¯’v| G Kvi‡YB †Kvbw`b Gme A_©‡bwZK w`K w`‡q wech©¯— wQ‡jb, ivR‰bwZK Kvh©Kvi‡Y mvgvwRK Ae¯’vbI
in‡m¨i RU Lyj‡e bv| wQj Zvi ch©y`¯—|
KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô KL‡bv KL‡bv ˆbivR¨ Avgv‡`i wN‡i ai‡Zv| †Lv`vi B”Qvi mv‡_ †Kvb wecbœ AvZ¥vi †hvM n‡jB m¤¢eZ gvbyl Ggb
evB‡ii ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi KZ wewPÎ Lei Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m †cuŠQZ| wbi“wØMœ n‡Z cv‡i| GZ Dj­vm GZ Avb›` KvivMv‡i Avwg Avi Kv‡iv g‡a¨
gywR‡ei e¨vcv‡i i“k-fvi‡Zi †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M Ges wn›`y¯—vb we‡ivax †`wLwb| em‡š—i cvLxi gZ wZwb G Wvj †_‡K I Wv‡j D‡o †M‡Qb Avi
ivR‰bwZK msMVb¸‡jvi wech©¯— Ae¯’v †`‡L Avgiv mgMÖ RvwZi mvg‡b ïwb‡q‡Qb bZzb w`‡bi Mvb| A_©vr KvivMv‡ii meLv‡b ivRbxwZi †cÖw¶‡Z
wbñ`ª AÜKvi Qvov wKQz †`L‡Z cvB bv| fq¼i nZvkv I Aš—nxb ˆbivR¨ ch©y`¯— gvbyl¸‡jv‡K Avkv Avi Avk¦v‡mi cÖvYeš— K‡i‡Qb wZwb| mg‡qi ¯^í
hLb †c‡q e‡m, ZLb KvivMv‡ii GKwU gvÎ gvbyl Avgv‡`i Kv‡b Kv‡b e¨eav‡b Zvi fwel¨ZevYx Av¶wiKfv‡e ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q cuPvˇii c‡biB
†fv‡ii cvLxi gZ †h Mvb †kvbv‡Zb †mUv m~h© DVvi Mvb, AÜKvi †_‡K AvM÷| †Rj †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡mI Avwg Zvi wbweo mvwbœa¨ †c‡qwQ| myL
Av‡jvq DËi‡Yi Avk¦vm| Zvi wcZv ev½vjx bb| wKš‘ wZwb G‡`‡k
`yt‡Li cmiv wb‡q wZwb Avgv‡Z GKvKvi n‡q Av‡Qb| me iKg mn‡hvwMZv
R‡b¥‡Qb| evsjvi Aw¯’-g¾vi mv‡_ wg‡k wZwb GKvKvi| G‡`‡ki Rjevqy
†`qvi Rb¨ Zvi Aš—i AvZ¥v Avgvi w`‡K m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡i †i‡L‡Qb|
AvKvk Avi gvwU‡K Zvi AvZ¥vi mv‡_ GwKf~Z K‡i †d‡j‡Qb| wZwb Bk¦i`xi
†¶Îwe‡k‡l wZwb Avgvi ivnevi ej‡jI AwZiwÄZ n‡e bv|
cÖwZwôZ e¨emvqx Rbve Ave`yj gwR` Lvb| G †`‡ki Rb¨ Zvi Mfxi
fvjevmv, Aš—nxb ggZ¡‡eva| B‡”Q Ki‡jB wZwb cvwK¯—vb †h‡Z cvi‡Zb|
wKš‘ †m †Póv wZwb Av‡`Š K‡ibwb| Zuvi fvlvq, ÔAvwg G‡`k, G gvwU †Q‡o
†Kv_vI †h‡Z bvivR| G‡`‡ki †KvwU †KvwU gvby‡li ZK`x‡i hv †jLv Av‡Q
Avgvi bmx‡e ZvB NU‡e, GLvb †_‡K cvwj‡q Avwg euvP‡Z PvB bv|Õ
gvP©-GwcÖj bvMv` Bk¦i`xi cvKmx‡Z AvIqvgx jxM †h fqven AevOvjx
nZ¨vh‡Ái Drme K‡i‡Q Ges nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl‡K ee©‡ivwPZfv‡e nZ¨v
K‡i‡Q, Gi †cÖw¶‡Z cvwK¯—vb †mbvevwnbx Ges AevOvjx‡`i cÖwZwµqvi
wei“‡× GKKfv‡e GB gwR` Lvb i“‡L `uvwo‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb AMwYZ gvbyl‡K
wbwðZ g„Zz¨ †_‡K euvwP‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ Zey wZwb GB AÜ KvivcÖKv‡ô| wn›`y‡`i
nxb gvbwmKZvi wkKvi n‡q Zv‡`i‡K BDwc †_‡K evsjvq Avm‡Z nq

65 66

Pvi
c‡biB AvM÷| KvivMv‡i †ivRKvi wbq‡gi e¨wZµg| cÖ‡Z¨K w`b †fvi
5Uvi mgq m~‡h©v`‡qi c~‡e©B h_vixwZ Avgv‡`i †m‡ji dU&K Ly‡j hvq| A_P
AvR wbq‡gi e¨wZµg †m‡ji g‡a¨ Aw¯’iZv I Avk¼vRwbZ AvMÖn wb‡q
A‡c¶v KiwQ| n‡jvUv wK! 6Uvi N›Uv evRj Zey Kv‡iv mvov †bB| evRj
7Uv GLbI Avgiv AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô m~h© Iw`‡K ZvwZ‡q DV‡Q| DËvc wewKwiZ
n‡”Q| DËß n‡”Q c„w_ex| Avgv‡`i fvebvI GKB iKg DËß| evB‡ii
msev` †_‡K Avgiv wewQbœ| AZGe Avj­vn fimv|
8Uvi N›Uv coj| c`kã ïbjvg| †m›Uªx m¤¢eZ GwM‡q Avm‡Q| Kviv
cÖvPx‡ii dUK Ly‡j †`qv nj| Avgiv GLbI †h hvi †m‡j Ave×| Ae‡k‡l
G‡K G‡K meKÕUv †m‡ji `iRv Db¥y³ nj| Avgiv mevB †ewi‡q Gjvg|
†ewi‡q G‡m evB‡ii w`‡K ZvKvjvg| KvivMv‡ii A`~‡i `vjvb¸‡jvi Qv‡`
bvix-cyi“l wbwe©‡k‡l AMwYZ RbZvi wfo| GgbwU †`wLwb Avi †Kvb w`b|
nvZ bvwo‡q Avgv‡`i Iiv wK †hb ej‡Z Pv‡”Q| A‡b‡Ki nv‡Z †iwWI
UªvbwR÷vi A_ev Uz-Bb-Iqvb| Avgv‡`i w`‡K DuPz K‡i a‡i Av‡Q| Iiv
Avgv‡`i †hb wK ej‡Z Pvq| I‡`i A½fw½i mvs‡KwZK fvlv wKQzB eyS‡Z
cviwQ bv| Z‡e g‡b nj evB‡i A¯^vfvweK GKUv wKQz N‡U‡Q| `~‡i †_‡K
bRi“‡ji GKUv Mv‡bi Kwj †f‡m Avm‡QÑ †gvn¤§` †gv¯—vdv mv‡j­Avjv, Zzwg
ev`kvni ev`kvn KgwjIqvjv|
†mªvZ wK Zvn‡j DRv‡b eB‡Z ïi“ Kij! D‡ëv nvIqv †`‡L wK fve‡Z cvwi
kªveY †g‡N dv¸‡bi c~e©vfvm| m~h© cwðg w`‡K D`‡qi gZ A¯^vfvweK g‡b
nj mewKQz| Rxebvb‡›`i iƒcmx evsjv, iex›`ªbv‡_i †mvbvi evsjvq GwK
Akwb ms‡KZ| kvnRvjv‡ji c`aŸwb †Kb?
MvbUv †kvbvi ci Kvivevmx‡`i mK‡ji AvMÖn AviI Zxeª n‡q DVj| ax‡i
ax‡i mK‡jB G¸‡Z jvMj `vjvb¸‡jvi KvQvKvwQ cuvwP‡ji w`‡K| wKš‘
cywjk G‡m evav †`qv‡Z mK‡jB wd‡i G‡jb| Z‡e Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨
cywjk‡`i gva¨‡g Rvb‡Z cvijvgÑ †kL gywRe wbnZ| †mbvevwnbx gywRe‡K
67
nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Avgvi Z¶zwY wmRv`vq jywU‡q co‡Z B‡”Q Kij| gnvb †Lv`vi
D‡Ï‡k¨ ejjvg, ÔBqv gvey`! Zzwg wQ‡j, Zzwg GLbI AvQ| Zzwg †Kvb
e¨vcv‡i Mv‡dj bI| Gi †P‡q eo cÖgvY Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i! Zzwg AvaywbK
`ywbqvi be¨ bgi“`-kvÏv‡`i cZb NwU‡q cÖgvY Ki‡j Zzwg me©‡kªô| ZzwgB
mg¯— mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i gvwjK|Õ
KvivMv‡ii Wv³vi gCbywÏb mv‡ne Avgvi cÖwZwµqv Rvbv‡Z PvB‡j Avwg
ejjvgÑÔGKUv RMÏj cv_i †hb RvwZi eyK †_‡K m‡i †Mj| `yb©xwZi
fvMv‡o `uvwo‡q _vKv GKUv cvnvo †hb a‡m coj|Õ †auvKvevRx, wg_¨vPvi
Avi mš¿v‡mi Ici M‡o IVv ivRcÖvmv` Zv‡mi N‡ii gZ †f‡O Lvb Lvb|
Avgvi g‡b njÑ wn›`y¯—vb I Zvi D”Pvwfjvlx KwZcq `vjvj‡`i nv‡Z e›`x
10 †KvwU gvbyl AvR gy³| †mvbvi evsjvi fMœ¯—~‡ci Dci `uvwo‡q K¼vjmvi
gvbyl¸‡jv AvR cÖvY f‡i gyw³i wbtk¦vm wb‡e|
KvivMv‡i wk¶K gwZDi ingvb mv‡ne ¯‹z‡j AvR h_vwbq‡g bv G‡m GKUz
†`ix‡Z G‡jb| Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi NwbôZvi Kvi‡Y AvR gyw³i GB Avb›`-Nb
w`‡b Zvi cÖv‡Yi Av‡eM wb‡q A‡bK wKQz ej‡jbÑ ÔAvwg Avmvi c‡_
†`Ljvg †gv‡o †gv‡o U¨v¼ `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q| nv‡Z A¯¿ wb‡q †mbvevwnbxi
†Rvqvbiv Unj w`‡”Q †MvUv kn‡i| Zviv Avb‡›` Drdzj­ n‡q Dj­wmZ RbZvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡QÑ ÔAvcbviv ˆah© ai“b Avj­vni mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ †`vqv Ki“b,
mgq fvj bq| Avcbviv RUjv A_ev wfo Ki‡eb bv|Õ Zvi fvlvqÑ
Ô†mbvevwnbxi webgª AvPiY Avgv‡K gy» K‡i‡Q| g‡b nq Zv‡`i GB SzuwKc~Y©
c`‡¶c gnvb D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges RvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨|Õ
RvwZi GB †Nvi Agvwbkvq GB fq¼i `yw`©‡b RvbevRx †i‡L hviv GB wec­e
NwU‡q‡Q Avwg Zv‡`i Rb¨ †`vqv Kijvg| gnvcivµgkvjx Avj­vni Kv‡Q
†`vqv Kijvg GB e‡jÑ ÔBqv gIjv! GB exi ˆmwbK‡`i nvZ¸‡jv gReyZ
K‡i `vI| wn¤§Z `vI G‡`i evû‡Z|Õ
Avevi ej‡Z nq wbDU‡bi Z…Zxq m~ÎÑ ÔcÖ‡Z¨K wµqvi mgg~Lx I wecixZ
cÖwZwµqv i‡q‡Q|Õ Zvi cÖgvY GZw`b hviv `vjvjxi Awf‡hvM G‡b
†`k‡cÖwgK gvbyl¸‡jv‡K AÜKvivi e× cÖ‡Kv‡ô AvU‡K †i‡LwQ‡jb AvR
ZvivB we‡`kx Ges weRvZxq `vjvjxi wZjK c‡o Avm‡Z ïi“ Kij| Avi
Avgv‡`i ïi“ nj G‡K G‡K we`vq| iex›`ªbv‡_i †mB Mv‡bi Kwji gZÑ
Ô†Zvgvi nj ïi“ Avgvi nj mviv|Õ
68
jvj evwnbx cÖavb kªwgK †bZv Avãyj gvbœvb, †h GKw`b †K›`ªxq KvivMvi
†NivI K‡iwQj, mv‡_ Zvi kZ kZ jvj evwnbxi eiK›`vR| D‡Ïk¨ ivRvKvi
Avj-e`i Avj-mvgP Avi kvwš— KwgwUi †jvKRb‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡e| †mw`b
cv‡iwb| wKš‘ AvR wbqwZi wK wbg©g cwinvmÑ Zv‡K Avm‡Z nj KvivMv‡i
Avje`i Avi ivRvKvi‡`i g‡a¨| G‡`i Ki“Yv wb‡q Zv‡K euvP‡Z nq|
G‡`i `qvq Zvi wcV euv‡P| Zey wK †kl ch©š— euvP‡Z †c‡i‡Q? Zvi hš¿Yvq
DZ¨³ cywj‡kivB Zvi †m‡j wcÄivq Ave× Rv‡bvqv‡ii Dci AZ¨vPv‡ii gZ
K‡i Zvi Ici wbcxob Pvjvq| ZviB i‡³ jv‡j jvj n‡q I‡V †mj
cÖ‡Kv‡ôi †g‡S|
G‡K G‡K Av‡m ZvRDwÏb, ˆmq` bRi“j, gbmyi Avjx, Kvgi“¾vgvb, wRj­yi
ingvb, †Zvdv‡qj Avng`, kvgmyj û`v, †Kvievb Avjx, Gg G †iRv,
Ave`yj KzÏym gvLb, b~‡i Avjg wmwÏKx Av‡iv A‡b‡K|
K‡qKw`b ci Av‡m KvRx Avt evix| †h Avgv‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ n‡b¨ n‡q
Lyu‡R‡Q, Zv‡`i Z_vKw_Z weR‡qi w`b ¸‡jv‡Z| Gi c‡i G‡jb AvMiZjv
loh‡š¿i Ab¨Zg †nvZviv G‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb mv‡eK wW wm Avng` dRjyi
ingvb (dwi`cyi), Avjx †iRv (Kzwóqv), Kvgvj mv‡ne (†bvqvLvjx), gvneyeyj
Avjg †PŠayix (nweMÄ)| GB lohš¿Kvix‡`i †cjvg Avwg AZ¨š— KvQvKvwQ|
Avgvi 10 †mj wWwfk‡b wQj Zv‡`i Ae¯’vb| mve©¶wYK †`Lv-mv¶vZ I
†Kivg †Ljvi ga¨ w`‡q Zv‡`i m‡½ m¤úK©Uv wbwe‡oi ch©v‡q G‡m c‡o|
†gv‡gbkvnx Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni †bZ…¯’vbxq Kg©x, mygmvg fvB, Kvgvj
mv‡n‡ei k¨vjK nIqvi Kvi‡Y Kvgvj mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK©Uv AviI
wbweo AviI Nbxf~Z n‡q I‡V| mygmv‡gi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi
m¤úK© mygmv‡gi Abyiƒc n‡q `uvovq| wbKUZg AvZ¥xq mygmv‡gi PwiÎ I wPš—
v †PZbvi mv‡_ Zvi cwiPq wQj| Avgvi cÖwZI Zvi †Kvb iKg weiƒc aviYv
R‡b¥wb| Avng` dRjyi ingvb wQ‡jb ¯^ífvlx wKš‘ GK‡ivLv gvbyl| Zvi
mv‡_ Avgvi Av‡jvPbv cÖvqB Dˇßi ch©v‡q G‡m †hZ| Zvi `vex AvR‡Ki
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’cwZ ZvivB| ZvivB GB evsjv‡`k cÖwZôvi AMÖb vqK|
Zvi fvlvqÑ ÔRxe‡bi SzuwK wb‡q AvgivB AvMiZjvq GKwU Z_vKw_Z ¯^vaxb
iv‡óªi Lmov cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kwi| cvwK¯—vb †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡Z n‡j fvi‡Zi
mv‡_ †hvMmvRk Qvov wfbœ †Kvb c_ wQj bv|Õ ejjvg, ÔG e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi
mv‡_ GKgZ| wmivR‡K wmsnvmbPz¨Z Kivi Rb¨ Bs‡iR‡`i mvnvh¨ †bqv Qvov
69
gxiRvd‡ii †Kvb weKí wQj bv| gxiRvd‡ii Am`y‡Ïk¨ wQj GgbwU ejv
hvq bv| BwZnvm hvB ejyK, wmiv‡Ri evjmyjf ˆ¯^ivPvi I ivR‰bwZK
Ae¨e¯’vi cwieZ©b †P‡qwQ‡jb gxiRvdi|Õ hw`I wmivR ˆ¯^ivPvix wQ‡jb G
K_v mZ¨ bq|
ÔAvcwb Avgv‡`i gxiRvd‡ii mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z Pvb?Õ GKUz D‡ËwRZ n‡q
ej‡jb ingvb mv‡ne|
ejjvgÑÔfyj eyS‡eb bv| gxiRvd‡ii D‡Ïk¨ Avcbv‡`i gZB nq‡Zv ev
gnZ wQj| wKš‘ Avcbv‡`i gZ wZwbI cwiYwZi Mfx‡i †h‡Z cv‡ibwb| Gi
d‡j hv nvevi ZvB n‡q‡Q| ¯^vaxb evsjvi †mbvevwnbxi me©vwabvqK wn‡m‡e
wZwb K¬vB‡fi mv‡_ †h J×Z¨ wb‡q Av‡M K_v e‡j‡Qb, evsjvi beve n‡q
Zvi †mB J×Z¨ Avi AvZ¥wek¦vm ¸uwo‡q †M‡Q| bevexi gmb‡` e‡mI
gxiRvdi K¬vB‡fi †Pv‡L †PvL †i‡L K_v ejvi mvnm K‡ibwb| †hgb †kL
gywRe w`j­xi Aby‡gv`b Qvov †Kvb wm×vš— †bqvi mvnm ivL‡Zb bv| A_P
GKw`b GB gywR‡ei û¼v‡i †cÖwm‡W›U Bnvwnqv ch©š— Zvi avbgwÛi evmfe‡b
Qz‡U G‡m‡Qb| BwZnv‡mi Ki“Y cwiYwZ †Zv GUvB| Avgv‡`i `ytL †Zv
ILv‡bB|Õ
dRjyi ingvb mv‡ne Avgvi K_vq AviI GKUz D‡ËwRZ n‡q DV‡jb| Pov
Mjvq ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcwb wK ej‡Z Pvb? GZ nZ¨v GZ R¡vjvI †cvovI, GZ
AZ¨vPv‡ii ciI wK ej‡Z Pvb ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb wVK nqwb? A_ev fvi‡Zi
mvnvh¨ †bqv Ab¨vq n‡q‡Q?
ejjvgÑ Ôgvd Ki‡eb| Avcbv‡K AvnZ Kivi †Kvb B‡”QB Avgvi g‡a¨
†bB| 23 eQ‡ii BwZnv‡mi †kl Aa¨vq GKvˇi GB †h bRxiwenxb Ryjyg
†b‡g G‡m‡Q, GUv wKš‘ ¯^vfvweK wbq‡gi evB‡i| mycwiKwíZfv‡e GUv Avbv
n‡qwQj| gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M GB nZ¨vi m~Pbv Kij Kviv? mvš—vnv‡ii MYnZ¨v
Kvi Bw½‡Z? cvKmx nvwW©Ä †mZzi wb‡P nvRvi nvRvi AevOvjx e„× e„×v bvix-
cyi“l wkï nZ¨v Kij Kviv? Lyjbv, ivRkvnx, w`bvRcyi, bovBj, Lvwjkcyi,
mvZw¶iv, Kywóqv, bIMvIu, cvebv, wmivRMÄ, bxjcvgvix, ˆmq`cyi, e¸ov,
†KvU© Puv`cyi, gqgbwmsn, PÆMÖvg, iv½vgvwU, ˆfie-evþYevwoqv-Kzwgj­v,
iscyi, wmivRMÄ, h‡kvi, wSbvB`n, Lvwjkcyi, PzqvWv½v, †g‡nicyi, Kmev
G‡`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨KwU RvqMvq cÖ‡Z¨KwU A‡j e‡e©‡ivwPZ nZ¨vKv‡Êi D‡Øvab
AvIqvgx cÂgevwnbx K‡iwb wK? MY-D‡ËRbv m„wó K‡i kZ kZ BwcAvi,
70
†mbvevwnbxi m`m¨ I Zv‡`i cwievieM©‡K Mi“ QvM‡ji gZ nZ¨v Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GgbwK m`¨ f~wgó wkï‡KI †invB †`qv nqwb| Gi ciI ej‡Z Pvb
mk¯¿ evwnbx Zv‡`i nZ¨vKvix‡K Pgy Lv‡e? GgbwU n‡e bv †R‡bB AvIqvgx
cÂgevwnbx B”Qv K‡i GB nZ¨vKvÊ NwU‡qwQj| Zviv †P‡qwQjÑ †mbvevwnbx
RbMY‡K AZ¨vPvi Ki“K| Zvn‡j Zviv wn›`y¯—v‡b †h‡Z eva¨ n‡e| GB
`ye©jZvi my‡hv‡M Zv‡`i nv‡Z Zz‡j †`qv n‡e A¯¿| GUv wKš‘ Avgvi e³e¨
bq; †KvjKvZvq mvßvwnK Ô†`kÕ Gi iƒc`kx©i cÖwZ‡e`b †_‡K ejwQ| GB
cwÎKvq gywRe fy‡Æv Dfq‡KB wn›`y¯—vbx †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v RAD (cieZ©x‡Z
RAW) -G‡R›U wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Dfq †bZvi wee„wZ, cvëv
wee„wZ, wµqv-cÖwZwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q cvwK¯—vb aŸs‡mi cwiYwZi w`‡K GwM‡q
hvq| ivR‰bwZK cÖÁvi Afv‡e †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv cwiw¯’wZ wbqš¿‡Y ivL‡Z
e¨_© nb|Õ
dRjyi ingvb mv‡ne g‡bv‡hvM I ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ Avgvi K_v ïb‡jb| hw`I
Zvi g‡a¨ A¯^w¯—Ki D‡ËRbv Avwg j¶¨ K‡iwQ| AvMiZjv loh‡š¿i Ab¨
Avi GKRb Kvgvj mv‡ne gyL Lyj‡jb| ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcwb wK ej‡Z Pvb
ˆelg¨ wQj bv? ej‡Z Pvb ˆel‡g¨i wei“‡× jovB Kiv Ab¨vq n‡q‡Q?
ejjvgÑÔˆelg¨ wQj bv GgbwU Avwg ewjwb| ˆel‡g¨i wei“‡× Av‡›`vjb‡K
Ab¨vq A_ev A‡hŠw³K-Bev eje †Kb? MY Av‡›`vjb I kvmbZvwš¿K
cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g ˆelg¨ `~i Kiv †hZ GUvI Avwg wek¦vm Kwi| wKš‘ Gi Rb¨
Avgv‡`i RvZxq `ykgb wn›`y¯—v‡bi mvnvh¨ wb‡q nvRvi nvRvi j¶ j¶
gymjgvb‡K i³v³ cwiYwZi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡Z n‡e, my¯’ we‡eKm¤úbœ gvbyl
GUv‡K †g‡b wb‡e wK K‡i?
Avwg Avevi ejjvgÑ Ôai“b evsjv‡`‡ki c~e©vÂj wkí KviLvbv I mg„w×i
w`‡K †hfv‡e GwM‡q hv‡”Q, DËiv‡ji Ae¯’v †ZgbB AcwiewZ©Z I Ki“Y|
Gi mgvavb kvmbZvwš¿K cÖwµqvq bv n‡q hw` †Kn we‡`kx mvnvh¨ wb‡q
DËie½‡K c~e©vÂj †_‡K wewQbœ Kivi D‡`¨vM †bq Ges mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g
AeZxY© nq Zvn‡j GUv‡K GKwU mve©‡fŠg miKvi wKfv‡e wb‡e? A_ev
Avcwb GUv‡K wKfv‡e wb‡Z cv‡ib? Avcwb wK PvB‡eb evsjv‡`k `y‡Uv fvM
n‡q hvK?Õ
Kvgvj mv‡ne wKQz¶Y bxie †_‡K ej‡jbÑÔmvgwiK Pµ kvmbZvwš¿K cÖwµqv
Pvjy n‡Z †Kvb w`bB w`‡Zv bv|Õ ejjvgÑZrKvjxb cvwK¯—v‡bi ivRbxwZ‡Z
71
mvgwiKPµ GKUv weivRgvb mgm¨v GUv‡K ¯^xKvi Kwi| wKš‘ G mgm¨v ïay
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi GgbwU bq| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ mgm¨v wQj H GKB|
†hgb DbmËz‡ii MYAv‡›`vjb| hvi gva¨‡g gywRe KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡q
G‡jb, GUv‡Zv mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póvi dmj| hw`I GB MYAv‡›`vjb m„wói g~‡j
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Kvb nvZ wQj bv| Ggwb K‡i mw¤§wjZ D‡`¨vM wb‡q †Zv
Avgiv mvwe©K mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cviZvg|Õ ingvb mv‡ne ej‡jbÑ
ÔAvcwb cwðgv‡`i gb gvbwmKZv Rv‡bb bv| ïi“ †_‡K Zviv Avgv‡`i Ici
Zv‡`i gb-gvbwmKZv Pvwc‡q †`qvi †Póv K‡i‡Q| Zv bv n‡j wRbœvn D`y©‡K
ivóªfvlv †NvlYv †`qvi A_© wK?Õ
Avwg ejjvgÑ Kv‡q` Avhg gynv¤§` Avjx ÔwRbœvni wm×vš— fyj n‡Z cv‡i
wKš‘ Am`y‡×m¨-cÖYxZ bq| †Kbbv cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi MYgvby‡li gy‡Li fvlv
D`y© bq| D`©y‡K wZwb c~e© cwðg Dfq cvwK¯—v‡bi †mZzeÜb Z_v Kgb fvlv
wn‡m‡e wPš—v K‡iwQ‡jb| G wm×vš— nq‡Zv Zvi fyj| G fyj wm×vš— MY-
Av‡›`vjb A_ev kvmbZvwš¿K cÖwµqvq cvëv‡bv m¤¢e wQj| cieZ©x‡Z †mUv
n‡q‡QI| †h fvlv Av‡›`vjb‡K cyuwR K‡i Z_vKw_Z RvZxqZvev`‡K mk¯¿
wec­‡ei w`‡K Avcbviv wb‡q G‡m‡Qb †mB fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi D‡`¨³iv wKš‘
Avcbv‡`i Z_vKw_Z RvZxqZvev`x AcK‡g©i kwiK`vi bq| Zv‡`i
AwaKvsk Avcbv‡`i cwifvlvq `vjvj I cÖwZwµqvkxj- †hgb Aa¨vcK
†Mvjvg Avhg, Aa¨¶ Aveyj Kv‡kg Ges AviI A‡b‡K| Avcwb wK ej‡Z
Pvb Zv‡`i †`k‡cÖ‡gi Afve i‡q‡Q?
cÖvmw½Kfv‡e Avwg AviI ejjvgÑ ÔcvwK¯—vb wQj RbM‡Yi ivq| GUv
Pvcv‡bv †Kvb e¯‘ wQj bv Avcbviv GB ivq‡K cv‡ë †`qvi hohš¿ K‡i‡Qb|
Avcbv‡`i Aciva ˆbwZKZvi gvcKvwV‡Z wK ch©v‡qi †f‡e †`‡L‡Qb wK?
A_P hviv †mB ivq‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi Rb¨ jovB K‡i‡Q ZvivB †`‡ki kΓ,
Avcbv‡`i cwifvlvq `vjvj| Av”Qv ej‡Z cv‡ib, wn›`y¯—v‡bi QÎQvqvq
eÜz‡Ki b‡ji gy‡L Z_vKw_Z evsjv‡`k nIqvi ci AvRI wK G e¨vcv‡i
†Kvb †idv‡iÊvg n‡q‡Q? nqwb| A_P †h †Kvb m‡PZb e¨w³ G K_vB ej‡e
†idv‡iÛvg‡K GKgvÎ †idv‡iÛv‡gi gva¨‡g cvëvb m¤¢e| GgbwK wn›`y¯—
v‡bi eªv Y¨P‡µi De©i gw¯—¯‹ †_‡K DrmvwiZ gywRe cÖYxZ 4wU g~jbxwZi
e¨vcv‡iI RbM‡Yi ivq †bqv nqwb| mewKQz Pvwc‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv, Zviv
72
Rv‡b RbMY Gme cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡e| gywReev` I Z_vKw_Z cÖMwZkxj‡`i
MYZš¿ GKwU fwYZv, GKwU gy‡Lvk Ges i“k-fviZ P‡µi bxjb·v ev¯—evq‡bi
nvwZqvi|Õ
15 AvM‡÷i cÖwZwµqv cÖm‡½ Rbve ingvb e‡jbÑÔ†iwWI Ly‡j Avwg
nZevK| XvKv †eZv‡ii Abyôvb e‡j wek¦vmB n‡”Q bv| Mvb¸‡jv cvwK¯—vbx
gvK©v Bmjvgx Mvb| G‡Ki ci GK m¤cÖPvwiZ n‡”Q| fvejvg G Avevi wK?
ag©wbi‡c¶ evsjv‡`‡k G †Kvb Akwb ms‡KZ! †iwWIi be Nyivw”Q| evi evi
†b‡o †P‡o †`LwQ XvKv wKbv| †NvlYv ïbjvgÑ Lybx gywRe‡K nZ¨v Kiv
n‡q‡Q| c„w_exUv †hb †Ku‡c DVj Avgvi mvg‡b| _i_i K‡i Kuvc‡Q Avgvi
`y‡Uv cv | cv evov‡Z cviwQ bv| e‡m cojvg| g‡b nj c„w_exUv AÜKvi
n‡q Avm‡Q| gywRe fvB, e½eÜz wbnZ! bv, G n‡Z cv‡i bv| Awek¦vm¨ g‡b
nj Avgvi Kv‡Q| mvn‡m fi K‡i DVjvg| eÜzgn‡j †Uwj‡dvb Kijvg|
meLv‡b GKB we¯§q! †Kvb †Kvb †Uwj‡dv‡b wis n‡”Q wKš‘ †KD wiwmf Ki‡Q
bv| mgq A¯^w¯— Avi Aw¯’iZvi g‡a¨ GwM‡q Pj‡Q| L›`Kvi †gvkZvK
Avn¤§` fvlb w`‡jb, †cÖwm‡W›U wn‡m‡e kc_ wb‡jb| ax‡i ax‡i Kzqvkv
†K‡U cwiw¯’wZ ¯úó n‡q DVj| Gi GKUv fq¼i cÖwZwµqvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v
KiwQjvg| A‡¼i wn‡m‡e †Kgb †hb fyj n‡q hv‡”Q| GK weivU i¶xevwnbx,
hv‡`i‡K gywR‡ei KÆi mg_©K wn‡m‡e ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q| gywRe mg_©K‡`i
nv‡ZI ZLb cÖPzi nvwZqvi| †mbvevwnbxi wKQz Ask weiƒc _vK‡jI weivU
Ask i‡q‡Q mg_©‡b| Zv m‡Ë¡I cÖwZwµqvnxb fv‡eB mvivUv w`b KvUj| ivZ
†ci“j, Avevi mKvj nj, †`‡ki †Kv_vI †Kvb cÖwZwµqv n‡q‡Q e‡j ïbjvg
bv| GgbwK fviZ I Gj bv †Kvb mvnvh¨ wb‡q| g‡b nj †MvUv RvwZ g‡i
†M‡Q|Õ
Rev‡e Avwg e‡jwQjvgÑ Ôm‡¤§vwnZ †MvUv RvwZi †PZbv ZLb wd‡i G‡mwQj
e‡j †Kvb c¶ †_‡K †Kvb cÖwZ‡iva Av‡mwb| †MvUv RvwZ gywRe nZ¨Kvix‡`i
Awfb›`b Rvwb‡q‡Q| GKvˇi †h m‡¤§vwnZ RvwZ cvwK¯—v‡bi KvivMv‡i
_vKvi Kvi‡Y gywR‡ei Rb¨ †Ku‡`wQj cuPvˇi G‡m †mB RvMÖn RvwZ Zvi
g„Zz¨i Rb¨ Dj­vm K‡i‡Q| G †_‡K Avcbv‡`i eySv DwPZ Avcbviv
RvZxqZvev‡`i †h Db¥v`vbv Qwo‡qwQ‡jb †mUv wQj K…wÎg I mycwiKwíZ|
Avcbviv wb‡R‡`i fv‡eb myPZzi lohš¿Kvix, wKš‘ Avj­vn ej‡Qb, ÔAvwgB
73
mePvB‡Z eo †KŠkjx|Õ Avi GI Rvbv DwPZÑ wKQz gvbyl‡K wKQz w`‡bi Rb¨
m‡¤§vwnZ K‡i ivLv m¤¢e n‡jI wPiKvj m¤¢e nq bv| BwZnvm Zvi wbR¯^
MwZavivq GwM‡q P‡j|Õ
Avgvi K_v¸‡jv Zviv wKfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡jb Rvwbbv| Z‡e wZwb ej‡jbÑ
ÔmePvB‡Z AevK njvg hLb Avgv‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nj Ges fvi‡Zi mv‡_
Avgv‡`i †hvMmvR‡mi e¨vcv‡i wRÁvmv Kiv nj| Avgv‡`i Ici AgvbywlK
wbh©vZb Pvjvb nj| cïmyjf AvPiY Kiv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i Ici| D‡ëv K‡i
Uvw½‡q PveKv‡jv Zviv K¬vš— bv nIqv ch©š—| mePvB‡Z eo K_v Zviv †h
fvlvq Avgv‡K wRÁvmvev` K‡i †mUv evsjv bq D`y©‡Z| g‡b nj Avwg cvwK¯—
vbx †mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z e›`x| fvejvg BwZnv‡mi MwZ wK Zvn‡j D‡ëv w`‡K?Õ
Kvgvj fvB ej‡jbÑ ÔAvgvi Dci wbh©vZ‡bi K_v †Kvb w`bI fyje bv|
AvRI †m wbh©vZ‡bi K_v g‡b n‡j wkD‡i DwV| G wbg©gZv cvwK¯—vbx‡`i‡KI
Qvwo‡q †M‡Q| Avgv‡`i Dci Zv‡`i †hb GK Avw`g Av‡µvk R‡g wQj
cvwK¯—vbx gb-gvbwmKZv m¤úbœ gvbyl AvRI †mbvevwnbx `Lj K‡i Av‡Q|
wZwb AviI ej‡jb, Avgv‡`i Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q GB evsjv‡`‡k cvwK¯—vbx
gvbwmKZv‡K jvwjZ n‡Z †`e bv| Avgiv evB‡i †ewi‡q Avevi cÖwZ‡iva
M‡o Zzje|Õ
Abyiƒc wbh©vZ‡bi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQ‡jb AvMiZjv loh‡š¿i Ab¨Zg Avjx
†iRv| Zvi fvlvqÑ Ôevsjv‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z evsjv‡`kx ˆmwbK Øviv AvMiZjv
lohš¿Kvix e‡j wbh©vwZZ ne GgbwU fve‡Z cvwiwb †Kvb w`bI|Õ
cuPvˇii cU cwieZ©‡bi c‡i Avãyj KzÏym gvLb KvivMv‡i Aš—ixY n‡j wZwb
Avgv‡`i cv‡ki †m‡j _vK‡Z jvM‡jb| Zvi mv‡_ wQ‡jb Zvi PvPv I Zvi
fvB ûgvqyb| evsjv‡`k Av‡›`vj‡b Pvi hye-†bZvi wZwb Ab¨Zg n‡jI Avgvi
BwZe„Ë Rvbvi ci Avgvi cÖwZ Zvi weiƒc cÖwZwµqv j¶¨ Kwiwb eis Zvi
mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK© mبenvi †_‡K mL¨Zvq cwiYZ nq| Zvi mv‡_ Avwg cÖvq
cÖwZw`b e¨vWwg›Ub †LjZvg †Ljvi gv‡V ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mv‡eK
fvBm P¨v‡Ýji Wt ghnvi“j Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ cÖvq †`Lv nZ| wZwb
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Znwej Zmi“‡di Avmvgx wn‡m‡e KvivMv‡i wQ‡jb| Zvi
iex›`ªcÖxwZi AvwZkh¨ GZ AwaK wQj †h †kl ch©š— †mUv cwiewZ©Z n‡q
74
wn›`ycÖxwZ‡Z cwiYZ nq| Zvi e¨w³¯^vZš¿¨-†eva, RvZxq ¯^vZš¿¨-†eva †jvc
†c‡qwQj cy‡ivcywi| wn›`y ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ AeMvnb Kivi e¨vcv‡i GZUzKz
mskq wQj bv| †Kvb RvwZi gM‡R cuPb ai‡j †m RvwZ AatcvZ †VwK‡q
ivLv hvq bv| ghnv‡ei cÖZ¨¶ mvnPh© bv †c‡j m¤¢eZ †mB cuP‡bi Aw¯—Z¡
Abyfe Ki‡Z cviZvg bv| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^Zš¿ Aw¯—Z¡‡K wZwb KU©vK¨
Ki‡Zb| wZwb ALÊ fvi‡Z wek¦vmx wQ‡jb wn›`y¯—v‡bi mv‡_ evsjv‡`k wejxb
nIqvi g‡a¨B bvKx evsjv‡`‡ki Kj¨vY wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| G wb‡q Zvi mv‡_
eûevi eûfv‡e Avjvc n‡q‡Q| Zvi mv‡_ DËß weZ‡K© wjß n‡Zb cvebvi
mv‡K©j Awdmvi Rbve Ave`yj Kv‡`i Lvb| Rbve Lvb GK wg_¨v gvgjvq
AvUK wQ‡jb| mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZi Ici Zvi h‡_ó cvwÊZ¨ wQj|
Avgv‡`i Av‡jvPbv ch©v‡jvPbv evB‡ii hy×s‡`nx ivR‰bwZK c­vUd‡g©i gZ
wQj bv| cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zvi mc‡¶ h‡_ó hyw³i AeZviYv Ki‡Zb Ges ˆah©
mnKv‡i ïb‡Zb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ab¨vb¨‡`i Pvc _vKv m‡Ë¡I gvLb fvB
Avgv‡K h‡_ó m¤§vb Ki‡Zb| Zvi Aš—‡i Aby‡kvPbvi So eB‡Q GgbwU
evwni †_‡K †ek †`Lv †hZ| H×Z¨c~Y© Akvjxb gš—e¨ Ki‡Z Avwg †Kvb
mgqB Zv‡K †`‡Lwb| wZwb wQ‡jb cÖkvš—-wPË I m`vjvcx GKB iKg
Abyf~wZ Avwg j¶¨ K‡iwQ wRj­yi ingvb mv‡n‡ei g‡a¨I|
W±i ghnvi I Rvm‡`i Gg G AvIqv‡ji gZ `yb©xwZi cuvK †_‡K hviv D‡V
G‡m‡Qb JׇZ¨i ewntcÖKvk Zv‡`i g‡a¨B †ekx wQj| Zv‡`i e³e¨ wQj|
Ôevnvˇi fyj K‡iwQ Avje`i ivRvKvi‡`i ¶gv K‡i AvMvgx‡Z my‡hvM G‡j
Avi ¶gv Kie bv|Õ
Avwg e‡jwQjvg, ÔAvje`i ivRvKvi Avi Zv‡`i fvlvq cvwK¯—v‡bi `vjv‡jiv
AvKvk †_‡K bvwhj nqwb, GB gvwU GB AvenvIqvq Zviv Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q|
GLv‡bi GB cwi‡e‡k Zviv jvwjZ| G Kvi‡Y wkKoI G gvwUi Mfx‡i we¯—…Z|
GK mgq G RvwZ‡K m‡¤§vwnZ K‡i wn›`y¯—vbx Z‡jvqv‡ii QvqvZ‡j hv B‡”Q
ZvB K‡i‡Qb| hv‡K nZ¨v Kiv m¤¢e K‡i‡Qb Zvi †ekx Avi AMÖmi n‡j
cuPvˇii A‡bK Av‡MB DrLvZ n‡Z nZ| fwel¨‡Zi K_v ej‡Qb, †m my‡hvM
Avi G †`‡ki gvbyl Avcbv‡`i w`‡e bv| †KvwU †KvwU gvby‡li Kv‡Q AvR
Avcbv‡`i wn›`y¯—v‡bi `vjvjxi †Pnviv ¯úó| mv‡o wZb eQ‡i RvwZ‡K
Avcbviv wK w`‡q‡Qb? Lyb Lvivex jyUcvU †avKv Qvov wKQz w`‡Z cv‡ibwb|Õ
75
Zviv e‡jbÑ ÔGB Avje`i ivRvKvi‡`i Rb¨ Avgiv wKQz Ki‡Z cvwiwb|Õ
ejjvg, ÔwVK e‡j‡Qb| G‡`i Rb¨ bvU‡Ki †kl cwiYwZ Uvb‡Z e¨_©
n‡q‡Qb| fvi‡Zi nv‡Z G †`kUv‡K Zz‡j †`evi †klce© Avi Avb‡Z
cvi‡jb bv| cwiYwZi Av‡MB ¯^cœ `yt¯^‡cœ cwiYZ nj| Avcbv‡`i
`ytkvm‡bi w`b¸‡jv‡Z †Kv_vq †Kvb Avje`i ivRvKvi Avj mvgP Avcbv‡`i
AMÖMwZ †iva K‡iwQj? Zviv nq‡Zv wQj KvivMv‡i A_ev wQj cvjvZK|
Ggb wbwe©Nœ mgq Avi wK Avcbviv cv‡eb? †kL gwRe †h wel cvb K‡iwQ‡jb
Zvi cÖwZwµqvq †mvbvi evsjv DRvo n‡q †M‡Q mv‡o wZb eQ‡i| gywRe 8
†KvwU gymjgv‡bi B¾Z I Avhv`x‡K wewµ Kivi e¨vcv‡i †h gvivZ¥K
SzuwKc~Y© c`‡¶c wb‡qwQ‡jb mes‡k wbcvZ n‡q Zv‡K Zvi Kvddviv Av`vq
Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| gywR‡ei GB wRj­wZc~Y© g„Zz¨i Rb¨ `vqx g~jZ AvcbvivB|
AvcbvivB gywR‡ei nvZ cv †eu‡a †i‡LwQ‡jb| PvUzKvwiZvi Pµvš— we¯—vi K‡i
gywRe‡K cwiw¯’wZ AuvP Ki‡Z †`bwb| Zv‡K ev¯—e MY‡PZbv †_‡K `~‡i
mwi‡q †i‡LwQ‡jb| gywR‡ei mwZ¨Kvi f³ I Abyi³ hw` G‡`‡k †_‡K _v‡K
Zvn‡j Zv‡`i DwPZ n‡e Avcbv‡`i wPwýZ Kiv| Avi gywRe f³iv hw`
Avcbv‡`i ¶gv K‡i Zvn‡j Bmjvgx RbZvi Av`vj‡Z Avcbv‡`i GKw`b
`uvov‡ZB n‡e| †mw`b cvjv‡bvi Avi my‡hvM n‡e bv| Z_vKw_Z
RvZxqZvev`xi Aaxk¦i †hgb †m my‡hvM cvqwb|Õ
K_vi †cÖw¶‡Z A‡bK K_v G‡m †M‡Q| W±i ghnvi‡K Aegvbv Kiv Avgvi
D‡Ïk¨ wQj bv| †mw`b W±i ghnvi †Zgb †Rviv‡jv cÖwZev` K‡ibwb| Zv‡K
bxie Av‡µv‡k dzum‡Z †`‡LwQ| Z‡e Avgv‡K Nv‡qj Kivi Rb¨ mgq I
my‡hv‡Mi A‡c¶vq _vK‡Zb| Avgvi mv‡_ gZwe‡iv‡ai †cÖw¶‡Z Ggb Ae¯’v
`uvwo‡qwQj †h AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †KD †hb Avgvi mvnP‡h© bv Av‡m, AvIqvgx
jxM †bZviv †mw`‡K mZK© `„wó ivL‡Zb| GUv n‡qwQj W±i gvhnve mv‡n‡ei
Bw½‡Z|
GKw`b †Ljvi gv‡V Avwg, gvLb fvB e¨vWwg›Ub †LjwQjvg| nvRx iwdK
gIjvbv †ejvj, wg÷vi †Mv‡gR AviI Ab¨vb¨ †jvK `uvwo‡q wQj| GK
ch©v‡q Avgv‡K AcÖ¯‘Z Kivi Rb¨ W±i ghnvi GKUz wgwó nvwm w`‡q ej‡jb,
ÔAvwgb †h †¯^”Qvq Avje`‡i †hvM w`‡qwQj GUv Avgiv g‡b Kwi bv| †cÖmv‡i
†h‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQj|Õ
76
cÖZz¨Ë‡i Avwg ïay GK_vB e‡jwQjvgÑÔAvwg †R‡b ï‡b Cgv‡bi `vex‡Z
GKvR K‡iwQ| Avwg G Rb¨ AbyZßI bB ¶gvcÖv_©xI bB|Õ
AvIqvgx jxM I Rvm‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i GKUv mœvqy-hy× KvivMv‡ii Af¨š—‡i
Pj‡Z _v‡K| hw`I wKQzw`b Av‡M ch©š— †mŠnv`© c~Y© mn-Ae¯’v‡bi g‡bvfve
weivR KiwQj| W±i ghnvi, Kv‡`i wmwÏKxi fvB jwZd wmwÏKx, cvebvi
iwdKzj Bmjvg eKzj, Ggwc Gg, G AvDqvj cÖgyL DMÖev`x‡`i cÖ‡ivPbvq
Kvivevmx‡`i g‡a¨ †cvjvivB‡Rkb ïi“ nq| ¯úóZ `y‡Uv wkwe‡i wef³ n‡q
c‡o Kvivevmxiv|
wWAvBwR Ae wcÖRbm& KvRx Avãyj AvDqvj mv‡n‡ei c‡`vbœwZ n‡j wZwb
†m‡µUvwi‡qU P‡j hvb| Zvi G k~b¨¯’v‡b †gv‡gbkvnxi †Rj mycvi wWAvBwR
n‡q XvKvq G‡jb| Avgv‡`i‡K bZzb GK weeªZKi cwiw¯’wZi gy‡LvgywL
`uvov‡Z nj| wZwb wQ‡jb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †Nvi mg_©K I DMÖcš’x Z_vKw_Z
gyw³‡hv×v| W±i ghnvi, Ave`yj KzÏym gvLb, iwdKzj Bmjvg eKzj I †kL
gywR‡ei Z_vKw_Z Mfb©i b~iƒj n‡Ki cÖ‡ivPvbvq †Rj mycvi Avgv‡`i
mKj‡K †`‡ki wewfbœ KvivMv‡i ¯’vbvš—‡ii Av‡`k w`‡q wew¶ß K‡i †`b|
10 †mj wWwfkb †_‡K mwi‡q 20 †mj wWwfk‡bi †mB KzVyixwU Avgvi Rb¨
eivÏ Kiv nq, †h KzVix‡Z wKQzw`b Av‡M Rbve dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix‡K wel
cÖ‡qv‡M nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj|
wWAvBwR, †Rj mycvi I AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i wbôzi c`‡¶‡ci d‡j
KvivMv‡i †hme †e`bv`vqK I gg©vwš—K `„‡k¨i m„wó nq Zvi GKwU Zz‡j
aiwQÑ bvivqYM‡Äi gymwjg jxM †bZv nvRx iwdK I Zvi AÜ wcZv `vjvj
AvB‡b `xN© w`b a‡i AvUK wQ‡jb †K›`ªxq KivMv‡i| GLv‡b GKB †m‡j
wcZvi A‡Üi hwó n‡qB wQ‡jb nvRx iwdK| Kviv KZ…c‡¶i bZzb wb‡`©‡ki
d‡j AÜ wcZv‡K GKvKx KvivMv‡i e× cÖ‡Kv‡ô †i‡L Zv‡K Kzwgj­v †K›`ªxq
KvivMv‡i †h‡Z nj| hvevi gyn~‡Z© Avgiv †`‡LwQ Zvi AÜ wcZvi eyK
Pvcov‡bv Kvbœv Avi AvnvRvwi| Zv‡K †`Lv †kvbv Ges †mev ïkÖ“lvi Rb¨
†Kvb †jvK Avi Zvi cv‡k iB‡jv bv| nvRx iwd‡Ki wcZvi `yie¯’v †`‡L
KvivMv‡ii cÖvq cÖwZwU gvbylB †Pv‡Li cvwb †d‡j‡Q| wKš‘ W±i ghnvi I
AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i †Pv‡L gy‡L Avgiv †`‡LwQ ee©‡ivwPZ Dj­vm|
77
AwaKvsk Rvm` †bZv I Kg©x AvUK wQ‡jb 20 †mj wWwfk‡b| GLv‡b G‡m
cÖ_gZ †h KÕR‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi cwiPq nq Zviv nj Avgv‡`i eÜz ˆmq`
†bmvi †bvgvbxi fvB evnvDj nK meyR, K‡b©j Zv‡n‡ii fvB †ejvj,
Aa¨vcK Av‡bvqvi I BDmyd fvB| G‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK© `yÕ-GKw`‡bi g‡a¨
Avš—wiKZvi ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q| G‡`i m~Î a‡i Rvm‡`i me KÕwU `ytmvnwmK
Zi“‡Yi mv‡_ Avwg cwiwPZ nB| c‡i m¤úK© wbweo n‡q D‡V| G‡`i wb‡q
cÖ‡Z¨K w`b GK mv‡_ e¨vqvg KiZvg| ivR‰bwZK gZ wewbgq nZ cÖvq
memgq| Avgv‡K Avgvi cwi‡ek †_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i †Rj mycvi †h gvbwmK
wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb †mUv Avi nj bv eis Avgvi Pvwiw`‡K GKwU
bZzb cwigÊj m„wó Ki‡Z m¶g njvg| Rvm‡`i Zi“Yiv Avgvi Ici
`vi“Yfv‡e `ye©j n‡q c‡o|
Aí wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨ kvixwiKfv‡e Amy¯’ n‡q co‡j †ek K‡qKUv w`b
Avgv‡K KvivMv‡ii nvmcvZv‡j Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z nq| my¯’ n‡q DV‡j 20 †mj
wWwfkb Avi †div nj bv| Avgvi Rb¨ 27 †mj wWwfk‡bi GKwU K¶ eivÏ
Kiv nj| GUvI Avgvi bZzb cwi‡ek| Avgv‡K mve©¶wYK weeªZ ivLvi Rb¨
†Rj KZ…©c‡¶i lohš¿ Gme| GLv‡b Avmvi ci cÖ_gZ GKvKx g‡b n‡jI
cieZ©x‡Z A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ fvj m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z m¶g nB| Avgvi cv‡ki
†m‡j _vK‡Zb AvBbvj kvn| wZwb GKRb mvaK wQ‡jb| Ly‡bi Avmvgx n‡q
wZwb KvivMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| †mB †_‡K AvR Aewa wZwb XvKv †K›`ªxq
KvivMv‡i i‡q‡Qb| 1971 mv‡j KvivMv‡ii dUK Ly‡j †`qv n‡j mg¯—
K‡q`x cvwj‡q †M‡jI AvBbvj kvnB GKgvÎ e¨w³ whwb Zvi Ae¯’vb †_‡K
G ch©š— b‡obwb| Zv‡K me mgq †`LZvg Zmwen Znjxj wb‡q e¨¯— _vK‡Z|
bvgvR co‡Z †`wLwb KLbI| KvivMv‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq Zvi Kv‡Q mv‡eK
†iWµm †Pqvig¨vb I AvIqvgx jxM †bZv MvRx †Mvjvg †gv¯—dv Zvi mnPh©
jv‡fi Rb¨ Zvi Kv‡Q cÖvqB Avm‡Zb| MvRx †Mvjvg †gv¯—vdvi cÖwZ Avgvi
AZ¨š— weiƒc aviYv wQj e‡j `yÕGKwU evK¨vjvc Qvov mnR I ¯^vfvweK
Avjvc nqwb| Avgvi g‡b nZ KvivMv‡i MvRx †Mvjvg †gv¯—dv Zvi AZxZ
K…ZK‡g©i Rb¨ wb‡R‡K AZ¨š— fq¼i Acivax fve‡Zb| AvBbvj kv‡ni cÖwZ
†Mvjvg †gv¯—dvi GB `ye©jZv‡K Zvi cyÄxf~Z cvc †_‡K wb®K…wZ cvevi
cÖqvm e‡j Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡Q|
78
GK ch©v‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mv‡eK gš¿x †Kvievb Avjx mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ Avgvi
m¤úK© wbweo n‡q I‡V| Zv‡K AbyZv‡c `» n‡Z †`wL| Avgvi Rxe‡bi
NvZ-cÖwZNvZ Ges 5 eQ‡ii Kvivev‡mi ciI Avgvi Abgbxq g‡bvfve †`‡L
wZwb Avgvi cÖwZ AvK…ó nb| wZwb Avgvi KvQ †_‡K gIjvbv mvB‡q` Aveyj
AvÕjv gI`~`xi mvwnZ¨ †P‡q wb‡Zb Ges g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co‡Zb| wZwb
e‡jbÑ ÔBmjvg m¤^‡Ü †h a¨vb aviYv, †h Av‡jv Avwg cvw”Q, GUv Avgv‡`i
mvg‡b GZKvj wQj bv|Õ
Zvi K_v ï‡b wb‡R‡`i Acivax e‡j g‡b nj| †MvUv RvwZi mvg‡b Avgv‡`i
wPš—vaviv I Bmjvg‡K mwVKfv‡e Dc¯’vcb bv Ki‡Z cvivi Rb¨ AvR‡K
†MvUv †`k, †MvUv RvwZ AÜKv‡ii Ave‡Z© LvweLv‡”Q| hw` mwVK mg‡q
Bmjvg‡K fvimvg¨g~jK Rxeb e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z cviZvg
Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Avgv‡`i fvM¨vnZ RvwZ fvev‡e‡M ZvwoZ n‡Zv bv| BwZnv‡mi
†Pnviv nZ D‡ëvUv|
cÖvmw½Kfv‡e wZwb e‡jbÑ ÔAvcbv‡`i †bZv‡`i ejybÑÔAvgvi Kvivgyw³i
e¨vcv‡i †Póv Z`exi Ki‡Z, Avwg †ewi‡q Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx Kie|Õ GKB
K_vi cÖwZaŸwb ïwb bvivqYM‡Äi ZrKvjxb Ggwc Ges †kL gywR‡ei Nwbô
mnPi Rbve kvgmy‡¾vnvi K‡ÉI| Zvi mv‡_ GKB †m‡j A‡bK w`b Ae¯’vb
K‡iwQ| Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ I gIjvbv gI`~`xi iPbvejxi mv‡_ Zvi AvwZ¥K
m¤úK© M‡o I‡V Avgvi mvnP‡h© †_‡K| Iw`‡K nvmcvZv‡j Ae¯’vbKv‡j
†gv‡gbkvnx †Rjv b¨v‡ci mn mfvcwZ Rbve KvRx Avt evix Avgvi mv‡_
†`Lv K‡ib| Avgv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i e‡jb, ÔAvwgb gvd K‡iv| AZx‡Zi mg¯—
wKQz‡K fy‡j hvI|Õ Zvi g‡a¨ †mŠåvZ…‡Z¡i ggZ¡‡eva j¶¨ K‡iwQ| †`‡LwQ
Zvi AbyZß gvbwmKZv| Avwg GK we¯§q Avi wenŸjZv wb‡q bxie †_‡KwQ|
†Lv`v‡K e‡jwQÑ ÔZzwg meB cvi gvey`|Õ GB †mB KvRx Avt evix, Avgv‡K
nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ wK GK AÜ Av‡e‡M kvwbZ K…cvY wb‡q n‡b¨ n‡q cvM‡ji
gZ Avgv‡K Lyu‡R‡Q| GB KvRx evixi nvZ Avgvi fvB‡`i i‡³ ivOv| Zvi
†bc_¨ Bw½‡Z Zvi mvM‡i`iv AóMÖvg _vbv RvgvqvZ †bZv gIjvb Avãyj MwY
Lv‡bi wcZv, fvB, fv‡Mœmn GKB cwiev‡ii K‡qKRb‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ges
kvwš— KwgwUi Kb‡fbvi Rbve gvneeyj nK KzZze wgqv‡K RevB K‡i nZ¨v
Kiv nq| Zvi gv_vwenxb jvk b`x‡Z fvmgvb Ae¯’vq cvIqv hvq| †mw`b
79
Zvi mš—vb I ¯^Rb‡`i MMYwe`vix Kvbœvq evZvm fvix n‡q D‡VwQj| GQvov
Av‡iv cÖvq 3kÕ wbixn ivRvKvi‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| Zv‡`i jvk
gvjv-Nuv_vi gZ `wo w`‡q †eu‡a kvncy‡ii wbKU b`x‡Z fvwm‡q †`q| b`xi
¯^”Q cvwb wbiciva gvby‡li i‡³ jv‡j jvj n‡q hvq| G cÖm‡½ e‡j ivLv
`iKvi †h Hme ivRvKvi ZLbI A¯¿ nv‡Z †bqwb| †KejgvÎ msw¶ß †Uªwbs
wb‡q †bŠKv‡hv‡M evwRZcyi n‡q wK‡kviMÄ hvIqvi c‡_ G b„ksm nZ¨vKvÊ
NUv‡bv nq| cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j Lyb Avi WvKvZx gvgjvi †divix Avmvgx em©v,
†e‡Zi I Lybx e`imn Aa¨vcK BqvKye Avjx GB nZ¨vKv‡Êi cÖZ¨¶
Askx`vi wQj| BqvKze Avjx evwRZcyi Dc‡Rjvi mv‡eK †Pqvig¨vb|
GB b„ksZv Avgvi mvg‡b †f‡m DVj| A_P Avgvi mvg‡b `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q GB
ee©‡ivwPZ nZ¨vh‡Ái g~j bvqK| Zvi Lyb ivOv nvZ i‡q‡Q Avgvi nv‡Z|
KvRx evix Av‡e‡M A‡bK wKQz ej‡Q wKš‘ Avwg †hb ïb‡Z cvw”Q †mB
kvnv`vZcÖvß ivRvKvi‡`i `yt¯’ cwievi mg~‡ni wcZvgvZv fvB †evb ¯¿x
cy·`i AvZ©bv`, eyK Pvcov‡bv AvnvRvwi Avi †e`bvZ© wejvc| AvRI †mB
Kvbœv, †mB AvnvRvwi gg© we`vix gwm©qv n‡q Avgvi cÖv‡Y ev‡R|
Avwg †mB `yt¯’ ivRvKvi‡`i N‡i N‡i wM‡q Zv‡`i †kv‡K gyn¨gvb AvZ¥xq
cwiRb‡`i‡K Avgvi †Pv‡Li cvwb Qvov mvš—¡bv †`evi gZ †Kvb wKQz w`‡q
Avm‡Z cvwiwb|
KvRx evix Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m‡Q AbyZvc we`» ü`q wb‡q| Avwg fvewQ Zv‡K
Avwg †Kvb fvlvq K_v ewj|
ejjvgÑÔevix fvB, Avgv‡`i Rxeb, Avgv‡`i g„Zz¨ huvi nv‡Z †mB
civµgkvjx Avj­vnB GKgvÎ ¶gvKvix|Õ Avwg ivm~j Kixg (mvt)-Gi DׄwZ
w`‡q ejjvgÑ ÔAvj­vn e‡j‡Qb, Avgvi ev›`viv Aciva Ki‡e Avi Avgvi
Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡e; G bv n‡j Avwg `ywbqv m„wó KiZvg bv|Õ †`Ljvg evix
fvB‡qi gyLgÛj cÖ`xß n‡q DVj| wZwb ej‡jbÑ ÔZzwg †hLv‡b AvQ
KZ…©c¶‡K e‡j †mLv‡b Avgv‡K †U‡b bvI| KvivMv‡i †h KqUv w`b AvwQ
Avwg †Zvgvi mvnP‡h© _vK‡Z PvB|Õ
evix fvB‡qi Aby‡iv‡a Avwg Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡¶ Zv‡K 27
†mj wWwfk‡b wb‡q Gjvg| GLv‡b KvRx evix Avgvi KzVyix‡Z AwaKvsk mgq
KvUv‡Zb| Avgvi KvQ †_‡K eB wb‡Zb, co‡Zb, Av‡jvPbv ch©‡jvPbvq
80
AeZxY© n‡Zb| wZwb Avgvi mvg‡b G‡j AZxZ‡K †ivgš’b K‡i `ytL
†cZvg| Avevi Zvi wPš—v-†PZbvi cwieZ©b †`‡L Avwg LykxI nZvg| Avwg
†`vqv KiZvg G‡`i mevi Rb¨| Avn! G Rxeb¸‡jv cv‡ë †M‡j G †`kUvq
GKUv ˆec­weK cwieZ©b AvmZ| Bmjvgx wec­e †Zv GKUv e¨w³i bvg bq|
G wec­e GKUv †Mvôx wKsev m¤cÖ`v‡qi bvg bq| Bmjvgx wec­e Avcvgi
Rbmvavi‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi g‡a¨ w`‡q GK weivU Rb‡Mvôxi Avg~j cwieZ©b
Avi G cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡j Zv‡Z †`‡ki †KvwU †KvwU Avevj-e„×-ewbZvi
Askx`vixZ¡ _vK‡Z n‡e| wec­‡ei cÖwZwU ¯—‡i _vK‡Z n‡e MY gvby‡li
cÖwZwbwaZ¡| msKxY©Zvi åvwš— we¯—vi K‡i hw` AbyZß KvRx evix‡`i Avgiv
cvcx AïwP e‡j `~‡i mwi‡q ivwL Zvn‡j wec­‡ei we‡ùviY n‡e bv †Kvb w`bÑ
†Kvb Kv‡j| gvby‡li Aš—‡i Aš—‡i wec­e ïaygvÎ ¸g‡iB gi‡e|
Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨mg~‡ni ms¯ú‡k© G‡m KvRx evixi wPš—v-†PZbvq cwieZ©b n‡Z
ïi“ K‡i| Zvi cwieZ©b †`‡L Avwg AevK njvg| wZwb ej‡jbÑ ÔØxb †_‡K
ivRbxwZ‡K wew”Qbœ Kivi AeKvk Aš—Z Bmjv‡g †bB|Õ wVK †hb Avj­vgv
BKev‡ji †mB evYxi cÖwZaŸwbÑ ÔRy`v †nv Øxb †mqvmZ †m †Zv ivn hv‡Z
n¨vq †Pw½Rx|Õ Øxb †_‡K ivRbxwZ‡K wew”Qbœ Ki‡j †mLv‡b weivR K‡i
†Pw½‡Ri ee©iZv| KvRx evix AviI ej‡jbÑ ÔBmjvgx A_© e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K©
†Kvb aviYvB Avgvi wQj bv| Bmjvgx ivRbxwZ‡K g‡b KiZvg 14kÕ eQi
Av‡Mi cwi‡e‡kiB Dc‡hvMx wKš‘ GLb Avwg Gi g‡a¨ †`LwQ GK kvk¦Z
wPiš—b Av‡e`b| Avbš—Kv‡ji Dc‡hvwMZv Gi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb| Bmjv‡gi
w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv GZ we¯—…Z, GZ e¨vcK †h GUv c„w_exi †h †Kvb AvenvIqv, †h
†Kvb gvwU‡Z wkKo Mvo‡Z m¶g|Õ wZwb Zvi DÏvg †hŠeb Bmjvg we‡ivwaZv
Ges Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mc‡¶ e¨q Kivi Rb¨ `ytL cÖKvk Ki‡Zb| Kvivgyw³i
mgq KvRx evix Avgvi nvZ a‡i e‡jwQ‡jbÑ ÔAvwg †Zv gy³ n‡Z P‡jwQ|
evB‡i wM‡q †Zvgvi gyw³i Rb¨ wKQz Ki‡Z cvwi wKbv †`Le| †Zvgvi mv‡_
Avgvi †hvMv‡hvM _vK‡e| GLvb †_‡K Avwg †h wPš—v-†PZbv wb‡q †Mjvg
GUv‡K wKfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq †mUvI wPš—v KiwQ|Õ KvivMvi †_‡K we`vq
†bqvi †ek wKQzw`b ci KvRx evix Avevi G‡mwQ‡jb Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv
Ki‡Z|
81
L›`Kvi †gvkZvK Avn¤§` ¶gZvmxb _vKvKv‡j Kviv KZ…©c¶ Avgv‡K Avevi
10 †mj wWwfkb ¯’vbvš—i Ki‡jb| GLv‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq GKw`b Rvb‡Z
cvijvg Avgv‡K †gv‡gbkvnx †h‡Z n‡e| Avi GK gvgjvi ïbvbx| 40 eQi
Kviv`Ê †`qvi ciI cÖwZc‡¶i wRNvsmv †kl nj bv| Zviv AviI wKQz Pvq;
Pvq AviI Avgvi kvw¯— †nvK| Pvq Avgvi Rxe‡bi cÖ`xc KvivMv‡ii AÜ
cÖ‡Kv‡ôB ax‡i ax‡i wbe©vwcZ †nvK| Avwg †hb †Kvb w`bI evB‡ii Av‡jv
evZv‡m wbtk¦vm wb‡Z bv cvwi| cuPvˇii cU-cwieZ©‡bi ciI wRNvsmvi †kl
nj bv| gywR‡ei Z_vKw_Z mvaviY ¶gv, `vjvj AvBb‡K KvjvKvbyb wn‡m‡e
†gvkZv‡Ki †NvlYvi ci I wn›`y¯—vbx `vjvj‡`i Z~‡bi Zxi Qz‡U Avm‡Q
Avgvi w`‡K| gywRe P‡µi Kg©KZ©v‡`i mv‡_ KvivMv‡i mn-Ae¯’v‡bi g‡a¨
¯^vfvweKZvi ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡jI Zv‡`i Pi AbyPi‡`i Øviv `vevi NyuwU
wVKB Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q|
cuPvˇii †klv‡a© m¤¢eZ †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡mi †k‡li w`‡K Avgvi cv‡q Avevi
WvÊv‡eix cov‡bv nj| `xN© †gqv`x `ÊcÖv߇`i md‡ii mg‡qi Aj¼vi IwU|
†Uªbc‡_ gvÎ Pvi Rb cywjk cÖnivq we‡Kj 4Uv bvMv` Avwg G‡m †cuŠQjvg
†gv‡gbkvnx †÷k‡b| Zvici wi·v‡hv‡M KvivMv‡i| Kviv KZ…©c¶ Avgv‡K
ey‡S wb‡j, Avgvi mdim½x 4 Rb cywjk we`vq wb‡q P‡j †Mj| KvivMv‡i
cÖ‡e‡ki ci h_vwbq‡g Avgv‡K Avbv nj †Km †Uwe‡j| †Km †Uwe‡j Avmvi
ci †Rj mycvi wbg©j ivq G‡jb| Rgv`vi Ave`yj Avwjg Zv‡K wR‡Ám
Ki‡jbÑÔWvÊv‡eix wK Ly‡j †`e m¨viÕ? †Rj mycvi ej‡jbÑ Ô wK K‡i nq!
Zzwg Rvbbv Zv‡K? hvi 40 eQi Kviv`Ê, hvi AviI †ek wKQz gvgjv Szj‡Q,
Ggb †Uii Avje`‡ii WvÊv‡eox Ly‡j †`qvi K_v fve‡Qv wK K‡i?Õ
`~‡i _vKvi Rb¨ Avwg †m K_v ïwbwb| Rgv`vi G‡m ej‡jb| Avwg ejjvgÑ
†Rj mycvi‡K Rvwb‡q w`b Avgvi †eox Lyj‡ZB n‡e KvivMv‡ii wfZ‡i
WvÊv‡eix cwi‡q ivLvi †Zv †Kvb AwaKvi †bB| hw` wZwb Avgvi †eox
†Lvjvi Av‡`k bv †`b Zvn‡j Avwg Zvi e¨e¯’v †be|Õ Rgv`vi mv‡ne †Rj
mycvi‡K Rvbv‡j wZwb bv †Lvjvi wm×vš— AUj _vK‡jb| Rgv`vi mv‡ne G‡m
Avgv‡K †evSv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡jb| ej‡jbÑ Ôevev gvÎ K‡qKw`‡bi Rb¨ †Zv
G‡m‡Qb, Avevi †Zv XvKvq wd‡i hv‡eb| Gi g‡a¨ mv‡ne‡`i mv‡_ †Mvjgvj
K‡i wK jvf? eveyiv bv‡Lvk n‡j Amyweav n‡e|Õ Avwg ejjvgÑ ÔAmyweavi
82
evKx Avi wK Av‡Q? Avwg Gi cÖwZev` KieB Avcbv‡`i evey‡K Rvwb‡q w`b
Avwg Z…Zxq †kªYxi e›`x bB| Avgvi mv‡_ Z…Zxq †kªYxi gZ AvPiY Kivi
†Kvb AwaKvi iv‡Lbv Avcbvi KZ©v| Avwg Abkb KieB| AvgiY Abkb|Õ
Rgv`vi mv‡ne mycv‡ii Kv‡Q †M‡jb| Avi wdi‡jb bv| Gw`‡K Avgvi
wm×v‡š— Avwg AUj _vKjvg| Iw`‡K cx‡i Kv‡gj nhiZ gIjvbv AvZvnvi
Avjx mv‡n‡ei wØZxq †Q‡j gyRvwn` KgvÛvi AvLZvi fvB Avgvi wm×v‡š—i
K_v ï‡b Avi me Kvivevmx‡`i wb‡q Abk‡bi wm×vš— †bb| Gi d‡j
KvivKZ…©c¶ fxZ n‡q c‡o Ges cieZx©‡Z Avgvi WvÊv‡eox Ly‡j †`q| Avwg
Abkb f½ Kwi|
Avwg wewfbœ m~‡Î hZUzKz †R‡bwQ †gv‡gbkvnxi †Rj mycvi wbg©j ivq
GKvˇii msK‡U fvi‡Z cvwo bv Rwg‡q wn›`y¯—v‡bi mc‡¶ †Mv‡q›`ve„wËi
Rb¨ `ytmvn‡m fi K‡i XvKvq †_‡K hvb| XvKvi †Rjvi wn‡m‡e wZwb `vwqZ¡
cvjb K‡ib| wb‡R‡K m‡›`‡ni D‡aŸ© ivLvi Rb¨ wZwb †KŠkjMZ Ae¯’vb
†bb Ges ag©vš—wiZ nIqvi K_v e‡j cvwK¯—vbx KZ…©c¶ I evOvjx
gymjgvb‡`i mnvbyf~wZ jvf Ki‡Z m¶g nb| mevi aviYv nq wZwb mwZ¨B
gymjgvb n‡q‡Qb| wbqwgZ bvgvR KvjvgI co‡Zb, †KviAvb cvV Ki‡Zb|
ZrKjxb cÖkvmb‡K †auvKv w`‡q †evKv evwb‡q ivLvi gZ Awfbq-‰bcyY¨ Zvi
Rvbv wQj| evsjv‡`k nIqvi ci Zvi ¯^iƒc ¯úó nq I‡V| XvKv wn›`y¯—vbx
evwnbxi wbqš¿‡Y G‡j kZ kZ wenvix I AevOvjx gymjgvb‡`i †Rj nvR‡Z
wb‡q Avmv nq| Zv‡`i mg¯— UvKv cqmv I MqbvcÎ wbg©j evey nvwZ‡q †bb|
†Rj †iwR÷ªv‡i mewKQy Aby‡j­L †_‡K hvq| cieZx©‡Z wZwb Gi meUvB
AvZ¥mvr K‡ib| ïay ZvB bq, wn›`y¯—v‡bi †Mv‡q›`ve„wˇZ wb‡qvwRZ GB
e¨w³wU fviZ we‡ivax wPš—v †PZbv-m¤úbœ gvbyl‡`i c‡` c‡` weo¤^bvi m„wó
K‡ib| GB wbg©j ivq XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡ii †Rjvi _vKv Ae¯’vqB RbwcÖq
†bZv Rbve dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix‡K Zvi †m‡j wel cÖ‡qv‡M nZ¨v Kiv nq|
1973 mv‡j Zvi mg‡qB XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i ¸jx P‡j| G‡Z eû K‡q`x
nZvnZ nq| wbnZ‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Zi“Y Kg©x, knx` Avwbm
fvB| mycwiKwíZfv‡e lohš¿ K‡i `ÊcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mv‡_ msNl© evwa‡q
VvÊv gv_vq Bmjvgcš’x‡`i ¸jx Kiv nq| wZwb fvi‡Zi †Mv‡q›`ve„wˇZ
wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb Zvi cÖgvY nj Zvi ag©vš—wiZ nIqv Ges hy‡×i 9 gvm
83
cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mn‡hvwMZv Kiv m‡Ë¡I †Kvb GKwU dz‡ji AuvPoI Zvi Ici
c‡owb| m¤¢eZ wn›`y¯—vbx †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v RAW Gi wb‡`©‡k wZwb Gme
K‡i‡Qb| †gv‡gbkvnx KvivMv‡i Avgv‡K 14 bv¤^vi IqvW© wWwfk‡bi
†`vZjvq ¯’vb †`qv nj| †mLv‡b gyRvwn` KgvÛvi AvLZvi I Wvt gvbœvbmn
`vjvj AvB‡bi †jvKRb Ae¯’vb Ki‡Zb| GLv‡b Avmvi K‡qK w`b ci Avi
GK †Mvj evaj| ïbjvg AvIqvgx jxM †bZv †Zvdv‡qj Avng` I Aa¨vcK
Avwe`yi ingvb‡K †gv‡gbkvnx KvivMv‡i Avbv n‡q‡Q| †Rj KZ…©c¶ Rvbv‡jb
†h Zviv Avgv‡`i 14 bv¤^vi IqvW© wWwfk‡b Ae¯’vb Ki‡eb| †Zvdv‡qj
Avng‡`i K_v ï‡b cÖ_g †kªYxi ew›`iv weiƒc cÖwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i| Zviv
wKQy‡ZB †Zvdv‡qj Avng`‡K ei`v¯— Ki‡Z bvivR| †Rj KZ…©c¶ we‡kl
K‡i wbg©j ivq Zv‡`i‡K †hfv‡e †nvK †mLv‡bB ivL‡e| Zviv Avgv‡`i †kl
ch©š— AviI Rvbv‡jb †h cÖ‡qvRb n‡j `vjvj‡`i mwi‡q w`‡q †mLv‡b
†Zvdv‡qj Avng`‡`i ivLv n‡e| Avgv‡`i Abgbxq g‡bvfve Ges GKvZ¥Zv
†`‡L Ae‡k‡l wbg©j evey nvi gvb‡jb| Zv bv n‡j Zvi Szwji weovj †ewo‡q
†h‡Z cv‡i Ggb GK Avk¼v K‡iwQ‡jb nq‡Zvev| hvB †nvK, AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi `yÕRb‡K cyivZb †m‡j ivLv nj| NUbvi K‡qKw`b ci †Zvdv‡qj
mv‡ne Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q GKUv wPwV cvVv‡jb| †mUv wQj webgªZvi mv‡_ we‡kl
Aby‡iva| wZwb Pvb Avgv‡`i wWwfk‡b Avgv‡`i mv‡_ mn-Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z|
Gevi Avgiv we‡ePbv Kijvg GB Kvi‡Y †h GUv Pvwc‡q †`qv †Kvb wm×vš—
bq| †Zvdv‡qj fvB, Aa¨vcK Avwe`yi ingvb Ae‡k‡l Avgv‡`i wWwfk‡b
G‡jb| GLvbKvi evwm›`v‡`i mK‡jB Zv‡`i‡K euvKv †Pv‡L †`L‡Zb| wKš‘
ïi“ †_‡KB Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi †ek K_vevZ©v Pj‡Z _v‡K| GLv‡b
†Zvdv‡qj fvB‡K †`LZvg wZwb cy‡ivcywi bvgvRx| Zmexn Zvnjxj I †`vqv
Kvjvg wb‡q e¨¯— _vK‡Zb me mgq| Zvi GB cwieZ©xZ gvbwmKZvi Rb¨
Avgv‡`i Iqv‡W©i weiƒc K‡q`xiv Zvi cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZkxj n‡j I‡V| i“‡g
†Zvdv‡qj fvB‡`i mv‡_ meviB m¤ú‡K©i DbœwZ nq|
Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi cÖvqB ivR‰bwZK Avjvc Av‡jvPbv nZ| Av‡jvPbvq GK
ch©v‡q †Zvdv‡qj fvB e‡jb- ÔAvwgb, Avgiv wK GKvˇi fyj K‡iwQjvg?Õ
e‡jwQjvgÑ ÔGLbI †mUv fve‡Qb, GZ wKQyi ciI Dcmsnv‡i †cuŠQv‡Z
cv‡ibwb? GKUv e„nËi `‡ji ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv wn‡m‡e Avcbvi †gavi
84
Ici Avgvi Av¯’v wQj|Õ G cÖm‡½ GKUv nvw`‡mi DׄwZ w`‡q ejjvg- Ô†h
AvÂwjKZvi w`‡K AvnŸvb K‡i, †h AvÂwjKZvi Rb¨ msMÖvg K‡i Ges
AvÂwjKZvi Rb¨ g„Zz¨eiY K‡i †m Avgvi bq|Õ Gi ci Avcbvi Kx ejvi
_vK‡Z cv‡i? AvMvgx w`‡bi eskai‡`i Rb¨ Avcbvi Kx ejvi Av‡Q? †h
RvwZi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i nvRvi eQ‡ii we‡iva, hviv AvRI gymjgvb‡`i Avcb
K‡i wb‡Z cv‡iwb, Zv‡`i Bw½‡Z Zv‡`i A¯¿k¯¿ wb‡q G‡`‡ki †e¸bvn
nvRvi nvRvi D`y©fvlx gymjgvb wkï, bvix, cyi“l Lyb K‡i‡Qb| cvK evwnbxi
b„ksmZvi Rb¨I `vqx Avcbviv| me‡P‡q eo K_v Avcbv‡`i Ges Avgv‡`i
msNv‡Z hviv wbnZ n‡q‡Q Zviv Kviv? mevB gymjgvb| Avcbvi fvB, Avgvi
fvB, gyw³‡dŠR, †mI gymjgvb, wenvix gymjgvb, cvwK¯—vbx †mbv †mI
gymjgvb| Avje`i, ivRvKvi, evOvjx ˆmwbK, BwcAvi hvivB wbnZ n‡q‡Q
mevB gymjgvb| Avgiv ci¯ú‡ii i³ Swi‡qwQ Avi wn›`y¯—v‡bi evey‡`i N‡i
N‡i P‡j‡Q Dj­vm| Gi c‡iI wK ej‡Z Pvb fyj K‡ibwb?Õ †Zvdv‡qj fvB
bxie _vK‡jb|
cÖm½ Gwo‡q wZwb ej‡jbÑ Ôe½eÜzi weivU GKUv mw`”Qv wQj| mvgªvR¨ev`x
kw³mg~n e½eÜz‡K KvR Ki‡Z †`qwb| AZ…ß AvKv•¶v wb‡qB GK gnvb
e¨w³‡Z¡i g„Zz¨ nj|Õ K_v¸‡jv Av‡eM RwoZ K‡É ejvi mgq †`Ljvg Zvi
†PvL Qj Qj K‡i D‡V‡Q| gywR‡ei cÖm½ G‡jB wZwb †Ku‡` †dj‡Zb| Avwg
ejjvg- ÔbRxiwenxb mg_©b hvi †cQ‡b wQj, Zvi wKQy KiYxq _vK‡j Zvi
cÖwZdjb †`L‡Z †cZvg| evsjv‡`k‡K ALÊ fvi‡Z wejxb Kiv hw` n‡q
_v‡K Zvi ¯^cœ, Zvn‡j †mUv `yt¯^‡cœ cwiYZ n‡q fvjB n‡q‡Q| GKUv
Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q †MvUv RvwZ Avmbœ wech©q †_‡K bvRvZ †c‡q‡Q| hw` †f‡e
_v‡Kb gywRe †eu‡P _vK‡j †`k‡K kvwš—, mg„w× I cÖvPz‡h© cwic~Y© K‡i w`‡Zb
Zvn‡j fyj K‡i‡Qb| gywRe e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔwZb eQi wKQy w`‡Z cvi“g bv|Õ
Avj­vn Zv‡K Zvi c‡iI mv‡o wZb eQi euvwP‡q †i‡LwQ‡jb| †KvbKv‡jB
wZwb wKQy w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| LybivOv nvZ w`‡q †Kvb Kj¨vY Avm‡Z cv‡i
bv| we‡`kx I weRvZxq †Mvjvg‡`i w`‡q fvj cwiKíbv m¤¢e bq|Õ Avgvi
K_v¸‡jv †Zvdv‡qj fvB bxi‡e ï‡b †h‡Zb †Z‡Zv Jly‡ai ewo †Mjvi gZ
K‡i, Z‡e Aa¨vcK Avwe`yi ingvb Avgvi mv‡_ cÖvqB GKgZ n‡Zb|
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi AZxZ Kg©Kv‡Êi e¨vcv‡i †Zvdv‡qj fvB‡qi gvbwmK
85
cÖwZwµqv nq‡Zv ev wKQy n‡qwQj, Zvi bvgvR Kvjvg I Zmexn Zvnjx‡ji
cÖwZ Avmw³ †`‡L †mUv ¯úó eySv †hZ| wKš‘ KLbI gyL w`‡q Avwe`yi
ingv‡bi gZ mnR ¯^xK…wZ cÖKvk Ki‡Z †`wLwb Zv‡K|
QvÎ ms‡Ni wewfbœ †bZv cÖm‡½ wZwb AZ¨š— fvj aviYv e¨³ Ki‡Zb| †Kvb
GKw`b Qv·bZv knx` Ave`yj gv‡jK fvB cÖm½ G‡j Avwg †Zvdv‡qj
fvB‡K e‡jwQjvg, Ôknx` gv‡j‡Ki cÖZ¨¶ nZ¨vKvix‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Avcwb
wb‡RI|Õ cÖm½Uv Gwo‡q hvevi †Póv K‡i‡Qb wZwb|
GKw`b †Zvdv‡qj fvB‡qi ¯¿x I gv G‡jb Zvi mv‡_ mv¶vr Ki‡Z| Zv‡`i
gyL †_‡K wZwb Rvb‡Z cvi‡jb, cÖwZØ›Øxiv Zvi fvB‡K Zvi GjvKvq cÖKvk¨
w`ev‡jv‡K evRv‡i nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| K_vUv ï‡bB wZwb †Ku‡` †dj‡jb| mviv¶Y
Kuv`‡Zb wZwb| Zvi †Pv‡L Avwg †`‡LwQ euvafvOv AkÖ“| AvIqvgx ee©iZvi
ga¨gwY n‡qI Zvi ü`‡qi Mfx‡i wQj GKwU †Kvgj gvbweK mËv| Zvi
AvPvi-AvPiY I e¨envi wQj AvKl©Yxq| weRvZxq cÖ‡jvf‡bi `ywe©cv‡K
nviv‡bv Zvi gymwjg mËv wZwb KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô nvZ‡o nvZ‡o
Lyu‡R‡Qb| LvwbK n‡jI †c‡q‡Qb e‡j Avgvi aviYv| Zvi GB cÖvß Dcjw×
Avi Abyf~wZ evB‡ii `ye©„Ëiv AveviI jyV Ki‡e wKbv Avwg Zv Rvwbbv|
XvKv †_‡K †gv‡gbkvnx †R‡j †h Kvi‡Y Avgv‡K Avbv n‡q‡Q Gevi †m cÖm‡½
Avmv hvK| Avgvi wei“‡× Avi GKwU nZ¨v gvgjv| AóMÖv‡gi †`INi
BDwbq‡bi ZrKjxb †Pqvig¨vb Avng` Avjx Avgvi ev`x| Awf‡hvMÑ Zvi
wcZv‡K Avwg nZ¨v K‡iwQ| Av`vj‡Z Avgv‡K nvwRi Kiv nq| Av`vj‡Zi
GjvKvi g‡a¨ cywj‡ki ZË¡veav‡b Avwg i‡qwQ| fvM¨P‡µ Avng` Avjx‡K
Avgvi †Pv‡L coj| WvKjvg, Avgvi w`‡K GwM‡q Gj| wR‡Ám Kijvg
ÔAvcwb wb‡R Avgvi wei“‡× gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Avcwb wK Rv‡bb
bv, Avcbvi wcZvi nZ¨vKvix †K?Õ ÔRvwbÕ Reve w`j Avng` Avjx| wRÁvmv
Kijvg- Ô†R‡b ï‡b wK K‡i Avgvi wei“‡× gvgjv i“Ry Ki‡jb?Õ Avng`
Avjx ej‡jb- ÔAvwg Pv‡ci gy‡L gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQjvg| Z‡e
cÖZ¨vnvi Kivi wm×vš— wb‡qwQ|Õ
ejjvg, Ô†K ev Kviv Avcbvi wcZv‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQj Avcbv‡`i mevi Rvbv|
ZvQvov Avcbvi wcZvi Aciva wK †h Avgvi Zuv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z n‡e? Zvi
Kv‡Q Avwg Avcbvi †P‡q Kg wcÖq wQjvg bv| wZwb Avgvi wQ‡jb kª‡×q|Õ
86
B‡Zvg‡a¨ gvgjvi mv¶x‡`i †c‡q †Mjvg| Zviv KvRx evixi mn‡hvMx
†gvRvddi b¨v‡ci Kgx©| Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg- ÔAvcbviv mv¶x n‡Z
G‡m‡Qb? mv¶xi KvVMovq `uvwo‡q njc K‡i Avcbviv wK ej‡Z cvi‡eb,
Avng` Avjxi wcZv‡K Avwg nZ¨v K‡iwQ? 4 eQi ciI wg_¨vi †emvZx †kl
nj bv! G nZ¨vi bvqK Avcbviv, Avcbv‡`i `jxq Kgx©iv cvwK¯—vb
†mbvevwnbxi mn‡hvwMZv K‡i Avcbviv G‡`‡ki fvj gvbyl¸‡jv‡K nZ¨v
K‡i‡Qb| gyw³‡dŠR †m‡R G‡mI Avcbviv fvj gvbyl¸‡jv‡K nZ¨v
K‡iwQ‡jb| ˆfie KvwjKv cÖvmv‡`i †gvgZvR cvMjvi †Q‡j nv`x, †Mvjvg
MDm I Zvi fvB‡qiv wK Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Kgx© A_ev Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni
Kgx© wQj? †mbvevwnbx‡K Zviv AcK‡g©i BÜb RywM‡q‡Q| Zviv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
Gme K‡i‡Q Zviv cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖwZ gvbyl‡K exZkª× K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨|
gyw³‡dŠRiv MÖvgevsjvi †bZ…¯’vbxq e¨w³eM©‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q RvZxq
we‡eK¸‡jv‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨| Avevi wg‡_¨ gvgjvq Rwo‡q Aewkó
we‡eK¸‡jv‡K KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô cuPb awi‡q †`qvi lohš¿ AvRI
Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| Gi d‡j Avcbv‡`i AcK‡g©i evav †`qvi †KD _vK‡e bv|
G RvwZUv‡K 4 eQi jyU K‡iI Avcbv‡`i Avkv wg‡Uwb| cuPvˇii cÖPÊ
SuvKzwb‡ZI wK Avcbv‡`i we‡eK‡ev‡ai mÂvi n‡e bv|Õ
Avgvi K_v¸‡jvq `vi“Y cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nj| bgbxqZv cÖKvk K‡i Zviv
Avgvi mv‡_ †mŠRb¨g~jK AvPiY K‡ib| GB Av`vjZ cÖv½‡Y Avgvi GjvKvi
†PbvgyL AviI A‡bK †cjvg| GLv‡bB cÖ_g Rvbjvg, AóMÖvg Dc‡Rjvi
Ave`yj­vcy‡ii kª‡×q eyw×Rxwe †ZvZv wgqv gv÷vi‡K AÜ Rv‡njiv Ac`¯’
K‡i‡Q `ytL nj wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb Av`k©evb wk¶K I G A‡ji
wb‡ew`ZcÖvY mgvRKgx©| ivR‰bwZK w`K w`‡q wZwb wQ‡jb gymwjg jx‡Mi
mv‡_ RwoZ| Rvbjvg Z_vKw_Z gywReev`x mš¿vmx Lybx gwdR I Zvi Rv‡nj
AbyPieM© †ZvZv gv÷vi I mv‡eK GgGbG gymwjg jxM †bZv midzwÏb
mv‡ne, Imgvb MwY (Uz°z †Pqvig¨vb, eo evox) Zv‡`i Ici gvbwmK I
kvwiixK wbh©vZ‡bi †Kvb wKQz evKx iv‡Lbwb Ges AóMÖv‡gi dZz †g¤^vi‡K
Rv‡nj AvIqvgx mš¿vmxiv nZ¨vi ci Zvi jvk b`x‡Z fvwm‡q †`q| †ZvZv
gv÷vi‡K gv_v gywo‡q PzbKvwj w`‡q Ave`yj­vcy‡ii wewfbœ GjvKvq Nyivb nq|
GBfv‡e Avj­vni nK-ci¯— ev›`viv cÖKv‡k¨ A_ev †Mvc‡b Rv‡nj-Rv‡jg‡`i
87
nv‡Z KZ †h Ac`¯’ n‡q‡Q, KZ †h wbh©vwZZ n‡q‡QÑ Gi cÖK…Z Z_¨ nq‡Zv
†Kvb w`bB Rbmg‡¶ Avm‡e bv| G‡`‡ki BwZnvm GKwU Ac~Y© GK‡c‡k
BwZnvm wn‡m‡e i‡q hv‡e †kl Aewa|
Av`vj‡Zi A½b †_‡K ïbvbxi m¤§yLxb bv n‡qB Avgv‡K wd‡i Avm‡Z nj
KvivMv‡i| givi Ici Lvovi Nv †hgb cÖwZwµqvnxb, 40 eQ‡ii `ÊcÖvß
Avmvgxi Kv‡QI bZzb gvgjvi †Kvb cÖwZwµqv †bB| Gme †Zgwb †evSvi
Ici kv‡Ki AuvwU e‡j g‡b nZ| K‡qKw`b ci †gv‡gbkvnx †Rj †_‡K
we`vq wb‡Z nj|
Avevi †K›`ªxq KvivMvi| Avevi †mB 10 †mj wWwfkb| Gi g‡a¨ wWAvBwR
†gvdvLLvi“j Bmjvg mv‡n‡ei e`jxi Av‡`k Gj| bZzb GAvBwR G‡jb|
wWAvBwRi `vwqZ¡ wZwbB cvjb Ki‡Qb| †RjviI e`jx n‡q‡Q B‡Zvg‡a¨|
bZzb †Rjvi wiqvRywÏb f~uBqv (Uv½vBj) GLb `vwq‡Z¡| cÖ_g `k©‡b Zvi
†Pnviv myiZ I PvjPjb †`‡L †bnv‡qZ Avj­vnIqvjv e‡j g‡b n‡e| wKš‘
dz‡ji cuvcwoi bx‡P welv³ e„wð‡Ki gZ GKUv wKQy Zvi evwn¨K †Pnvivi
Avov‡j jywK‡q wQj| wZwb wQ‡jb Dr‡KvP MÖn‡Y wm×n¯—| Zv‡K wN‡iB
`ybx©wZ AvewZ©Z nZ| me‡P‡q eo K_v nj, wZwb wQ‡jb †Zvlv‡gv`wcÖq GKwU
gvbyl| KvivMv‡i G my‡hvMUv wb‡qwQj Kvivevmx AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„›` I
Kgx©iv| Gi d‡j KvivMv‡i meiK‡gi my‡hvM-myweav, Avivg-Av‡q‡ki `yqvi
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Rb¨ Db¥y³ nq Ges Avgv‡`i cÖvc¨ KvivMv‡ii my‡hvM
myweavi †¶Î ms‡KvwPZ n‡Z _v‡K| GKw`b †Rjvi mv‡ne Avgv‡K ej‡jb-
Ô10 †mj wWwfkb Avcbv‡K Qvo‡Z n‡e|Õ ejjvg- Ô†Kb? Avgvi Rvbvi
cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q| 40 eQi Kviv`Ê GKRb K‡q`xi Rb¨ gvbwmK hš¿Yv|
ZviciI GK †mj †_‡K Avi GK †m‡j, GK cwi‡ek †_‡K Avi GK
cwi‡e‡k Pvjvb K‡i Kó †`qv wK m½Z n‡”Q?Õ Avwg Aby‡iv‡ai my‡i ejjvg-
Ôe¨vcviUv GKUz we‡ePbv Ki‡eb|Õ
cv_‡ii eyK †_‡K cÖmªe‡Yi cÖevn †ewi‡q Av‡m| wb‡iU †jvnv GKwU wbw`©ó
DËv‡c weMwjZ nq| wKš‘ †Rjvi mv‡ne Ggb GKUv gvbyl hvi we‡e‡Ki
mv‡_ AvZ¥v I Abyf~wZi †hvM †bB| Avgvi Av‡e`b, Avgvi AvKzjZv Zv‡K
weMwjZ Kiv †Zv `~‡i K_v, Zvi ü`q ch©š— †cuŠQ‡Z e¨_© nq|
88
GKw`b mv‡R©›U G‡m nvwRi| Avgv‡K Ab¨Î A_©vr Ab¨ †m‡j †h‡Z n‡e|
Avwg ejjvg- ÔivDÛ ch©š— Avgv‡K _vK‡Z w`b|Õ wZwb P‡j †M‡jb| Avgv‡K
miv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Avi wZwb Av‡mbwb|
†WcywU †Rjvi BKevj mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ Avgvi e¨w³MZ m¤úK© fvj wQj| Zv‡K
e¨vcviUv †evSv‡bvi †Póv Kijvg| wZwb Avgvi Abyf~wZi mv‡_ GKgZ n‡q
ej‡jb ÔGKUv we‡kl MÖ“‡ci B܇b †Rjvi mv‡ne Gme Ab¨vq AwePvi
Ki‡Qb|Õ †mB we‡kl MÖ“cwU Kviv, Avgvi Rvb‡Z evKx iBj bv| †m Kvi‡Y
G e¨vcv‡i cÖkœ bv K‡i †Rjvi mv‡ne‡K e‡j K‡q wKQyw`b Avgv‡K 10 †m‡j
_vKvi e¨e¯’v Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡K Aby‡iva Kijvg|
†gvdvLLvi“j Bmjv‡gi ci bZzb wWAvBwR AvwRRyj nK f~uBqvi AvMgb
Avgvi Rb¨ Avkx©ev‡`i gZ g‡b nj| Kviv Awdmvi‡`i g‡a¨ Avgvi RvbvgZ
†h `yÕRb mr I we‡eKevb Awdmvi i‡q‡Qb Zviv n‡jb mv‡eK wWAvBwR
KvRx Avãyj AvDqvj mv‡ne, hv‡K XvKv Kvivev‡mi cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z
†c‡qwQjvg| Ab¨Rb n‡jb bevMZ wWAvBwR Rbve AvwRRyj nK f~uBqv| GK
mgq Avwg Zuv‡K Kv‡Q †c‡q ejjvg- Ô†Rjvi mv‡ne Avgv‡K Ab¨Î mwi‡q
w`‡Z Pv‡”Qb| Avgvi gb-gvbwmKZv G wWwfk‡b GWRvó n‡q‡Q| Ab¨Î
miv‡j Avgvi †ek Kó n‡e|Õ wZwb ej‡jb- Ô†Kv_vI KvD‡K miv‡bv n‡e bv,
†h †hLv‡b Av‡Qb †mLv‡b _vK‡eb|Õ †Rjvi mv‡n‡ei c„ô‡cvlKZvq
Kvivevmx AvIqvgx jxM †bZv I Kgx©‡`i g‡a¨ Zv‡`i †mB cy‡iv‡bv d¨vmxev`x
Pwi‡Îi ewntcÖKvk NU‡Z jvMj| cuPvˇii cUcwieZ©‡bi ¶gZv
Ace¨enviKvix ivR‰bwZK mvgvwRK Aciva, Ryjyg I nZ¨vi mv‡_ mswk­ó
AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„›` I Kgx©iv KvivMv‡i `vi“Yfv‡e gvbwmK wech©¯— I
nZvkvMÖ¯— n‡q c‡o| wWAvBwR †gvdvLLvi“j Bmjv‡gi †bc_¨ mn‡hvwMZvq
GB nZvkvMÖ¯— AvIqvgx jxMviiv `vi“Yfv‡e PvOv n‡q I‡V| †R‡ji †fZ‡iB
Zviv msMwVZ nq| GQvovI †Rj Kg©Pvix‡`i mv‡_ GKUv we‡kl †hvMm~Î
¯’vcb K‡i| KvivMv‡ii wbqg k„•Ljv c``wjZ K‡i ˆ¯^ivPvix KvqKvievi
Pvjv‡Z _v‡K| Z_vKw_Z `vjvj AvB‡b †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i AvUK
Bmjvgcš’x‡`i Ici PovI nevi †Póv K‡i|
wWAvBwR †gvdvLLvi“j Bmjvg mv‡n‡ei GK‡c‡k cÖkvmwbK wkw_jZvq
AvIqvgx jxMviiv †hme evovevwoi c_ a‡i G¸‡Z _v‡K, †mUv‡K ev‡M
89
Avb‡Z wWAvBwR Ae wcÖRÝ AvwRRyj nK f~uBqv‡K h‡_ó wngwkg †L‡Z nq|
Zvi mg‡qB evwRZcyi nZ¨v gvgjvi ivq‡K †K›`ª K‡i KvivMv‡i AvIqvgx
jxMviiv Ae¯’vb ag©NU K‡i| K‡q`x‡`i h_vixwZ mܨvi c~‡e©B †m‡j A_ev
Iqv‡W© Zvjve× K‡i †`qvi wbqg| †mw`b h_vwbq‡g Avgv‡`i‡K Zvjve×
Kiv n‡jI †Kvb AvIqvgx jxMvi‡K Zvjve× Kiv nqwb| Zviv GK‡hv‡M
KvivMv‡ii gy³ A½‡b Ae¯’vb wb‡q evwRZcyi nZ¨v gvgjvi Avmvgx‡`i duvmx
gIKz‡di `vex‡Z †k­vMvb w`‡Z _v‡K| Kviv KZ…©c¶ `vi“Y msK‡U c‡o|
N›Uvi ci NÈv AwZevwnZ n‡”Q| A_P Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b n‡”Q bv| Gfv‡e
ivwÎ 1Uv ev‡R| wWAvBwR mv‡ne Zvi †KŠkj, ax-kw³, I cÖÁvi cÖ‡qvM
NwU‡q NUbv‡K Avq‡Ë Av‡bb| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKZidv evovevwo m‡Ë¡I
wZwb h‡_ó ˆa‡h©i cwiPq w`‡q evB‡ii mvnvh¨ I ¯^ivóªgš¿xi cÖZ¨¶
mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q GKwU DËß I gvigyLx cwiw¯’wZi Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z m¶g
nb| AvIqvgx jxMviiv Zv‡`i †m‡j †h‡Z eva¨ nq| XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMvi
†mw`b GKwU i³v³ cwiYwZ †_‡K i¶v cvq| Kvivevmx AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i
mv‡_ Avgv‡`i m¤ú‡K©i AebwZ n‡Z _v‡K| R‰bK †WcywU †Rjvi QvÎe¯’vq
QvÎjx‡Mi mv‡_ RwoZ wQ‡jb e‡j ¯^fveZB e›`x AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i mv‡_
wQj Zvi bvoxi †hvM| Zvi gva¨‡g Iiv KvivMv‡ii DaŸ©Zb KZ…©c‡¶i wbKU
Avgv‡`i wei“‡× Awf‡hvM K‡i e‡j †h, Avgiv Zdmx‡ii gva¨‡g ivRbxwZ
KiwQ, Z_vKw_Z gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv‡K aŸsm KiwQ, mv¤cÖ`vwqK †PZbvi
weKvk NUvw”Q| Zdmxi eÜ Kiv bv n‡j RvZxq ¯^v‡_© Zviv mw¤§wjZfv‡e
kw³ cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e| Gi d‡j KvivMv‡i Akvš— cwiw¯’wZi D™¢e n‡j AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi †KD `vqx n‡e bv|
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi d¨vmxev`x D×Z AvPi‡Yi Avi GKwU KviY nj, cuPvˇi
AvIqvgx evKkvjx cÖkvm‡bi cZ‡bi ci †_‡K µgk Kvivgyw³i d‡j
Avgv‡`i msL¨v Kg‡Z _v‡K| c¶vš—‡i ivRbxwZ QvovI wewfbœ mvgvwRK
Aciv‡a Rwo‡q †MÖdZvi n‡q AvIqvgx mg_©K‡`i msL¨v †e‡o hvq|
Avgv‡`i øvqyhy× I KvivMvi cwiw¯’wZi DËvc wbim‡bi Rb¨ wWAvBwR mv‡ne
Avgv‡`i cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix wKQy †jvK‡K †W‡K cvVvb|
Avgv‡`i c¶ †_‡K Avwg I GW‡fv‡KU GweGg Av‡bvqvi †nvm‡b, AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi c¶ †_‡K ivLvj fÆvPvh©, †nv‡mb mv‡ne I wg÷vi †Mv‡gR Dcw¯’Z
90
njvg| Iiv Awf‡hvM K‡i †h, Avgiv cy‡iv‡bv Kvq`vq Bmjvg I †KviAvb‡K K‡i‡Qb| Iiv †RjLvbv‡K †Uªwbs †m›Uªv‡i cwiYZ K‡i‡Q| Zviv Avgv‡`i
†U‡b G‡b Z_vKw_Z gyw³ †hv‡×i †PZbv‡K aŸsm KiwQ| wei“‡× K_v e‡j, wK `ytmvnm| GKvˇii †PZbv‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ Iiv
Avgiv ejjvgÑ ÔKvivMv‡ii Adziš— Aem‡i Avgiv Ab¨vq AcK‡g© †RjLvbvq exRecb Ki‡Q| I‡`i ¶gv Kiv Avi wVK n‡e bv|Õ
A_©nxbfv‡e mg‡qi AcPq bv K‡i †KviAvb PP©v KiwQ| Avi †KviAvb PP©v
Avwg †mj cÖ‡Kvô †_‡K †ewi‡q Gjvg| †`Ljvg, Avgv‡K †`‡L ivLvj evey
hw` gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv‡K aŸsm Kiv nq Zvn‡j KvivMv‡ii g‡a¨ G aŸsmhÁ
Pj‡e| KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡qI ZvB Ki‡Z _vKe|Õ weeªZ| ejjvg- ÔivLvj evey, wK ej‡jb Avevi ejyb| Avcbv‡`i aŸs‡mi
exR ecb K‡iwQ‡jb AvcbvivB| Avcbv‡`i aŸs‡mi Rb¨ `vqx Avcbv‡`i
wWAvBwR mv‡ne AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡jbÑ Ô†KviAvb PP©v †Zv
msKxY© wn›`yev`| hv gymjgvb‡`i gvbwmK `ye©jZvi my‡hv‡M Zv‡`i Ici
Aciva bq, Avcbviv wbR wbR ag© PP©v K‡ib, †KD evav w`‡e bv| †KD
Pvwc‡q w`‡q‡Qb| †MvUv RvwZ Avcbv‡`i †mB Pµv‡š—i †PZbv BwZnv‡mi
ivRbxwZ Ki‡j †mUv †`Lvi `vwqZ¡ Avgv‡`i, Avcbv‡`i bq| Avcbv‡`i
Av¯—vKz‡o wb‡¶c K‡i‡Q| Avcbv‡`i cv‡k GLb Lybx jy‡Uiv Avi wµwgbvj
mevB‡K ejwQ †KD evovevwo Kivi †Póv Ki‡j GLvb †_‡K Ab¨Î cvVv‡Z
Qvov †KD †bB| Zviv Pvq Avcbv‡`i Z_vKw_Z †PZbv‡K Zv‡`i K…Z-Kg©
eva¨ ne| Gic‡i G ai‡bi †Kvb Awf‡hvM ïb‡Z Avwg bvivR|Õ
Avi Aciva¸‡jvi Xvj wn‡m‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z| gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡b Kv‡b wel
ivLvj fÆvPvh©, †h gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvi †`vnvB w`‡q KvivMv‡i †KviAvb PP©v Xvjvi cy‡iv‡bv cÖeYZv GLbI Avcbvi g‡a¨ i‡q †M‡Q| Af¨vm cwieZ©b
eÜ Kivi cÖavb D‡`¨v³v Ges gymjgvb K‡q`x‡`i gM‡R Nyb aiv‡bvi Ki“b| Avgvi Kv‡b wØZxqevi †hb G K_v bv Av‡m| ïay GUzKz Rvwb‡q w`‡Z
e¨vcv‡i mwµq, †mB ivLvj evey GKwU gš¿Yvj‡qi †mKkb Awdmvi wQ‡jb|
PvB, GUv GKvËi bq wQqvËi| GKvˇii AÜ Zi“Y, hv‡`i w`‡q RNb¨Zg
¶gZvi Ace¨envi Kivi Rb¨ cuPvˇii cU cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡K
†MÖdZvi Kiv nq| GKvˇii hy×Kvjxb mg‡q Zvi gZ †Kvb wn›`yi KvR Kwi‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i weivU Ask GLb Avgvi cv‡k|Õ Kv‡Q `uvwo‡qwQj
evsjv‡`‡k _vKvi K_v bq| A_P wZwb Rxe‡bi SzuwK wb‡q gymjgvb‡`i Rgv`vi I wmcvB| ejjvg- ÔGB wµwgbjUv‡K Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b †_‡K
QÙvei‡Y evsjv‡`‡k Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡jb| Kvjv‡g cv‡Ki A‡bK m~iv A_©mn m‡i †h‡Z ejyb| GB RNb¨ g‡bve„wËi †jvKUv‡K Avwg mn¨ Ki‡Z cviwQ
Zvi Rvbv| bvgv‡Ri wbqg-c×wZ wQj Zvi bL`c©‡Y| GKvˇi wZwb wewfbœ bv|Õ wWDwU Rgv`vi wKQy ejvi Av‡M ivLvj evey gv_v bxPz K‡i m‡i †M‡jb|
gmwR‡` bvgvR cwo‡q‡Qb| GgbwK Kzwgj­v K¨v›Ub‡g›U gmwR‡` wZwb
BgvgwZ K‡i‡Qb e‡jI wZwb Avgv‡K Rvbvb| cvwK¯—vb †f‡O hvIqvi A‡bK
Av‡M †_‡K wZwb wn›`y¯—v‡bi ¯^c‡¶ †Mvq›`ve„wˇZ wb‡qvwRZ †_‡K Ôj‡iÝ
Ae GivweqviÕ gZ evsjv‡`‡ki gymjgvb‡`i gM‡R cPub awi‡q‡Qb| fvj
gvbyl¸‡jv‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi kΓ wPwýZ K‡i nZ¨v Kwi‡q‡Qb| G †`‡ki Z_¨
wn›`y¯—v‡b cvPvi K‡i‡Qb| Zvi gymwjg-we‡Ølx RNb¨ g‡bve„wËi cÖKvk Avgiv
†`‡LwQ KvivMv‡ii Af¨š—‡iI| GLv‡b gymjgvb AeyS Zi“Y‡`i‡K ag©cÖvY
gymjgvb‡`i wei“‡× †jwj‡q †`qvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb wZwb|
Avwg GKw`b Avgvi †m‡j wekªvg wbw”Q| GKUv D‡ËwRZ KÚ Avgvi Kv‡b
Gj| ej‡Z ïbjvg ÔAvgiv GKvˇii Avje`i, ivRvKvi Avj-mvgP gyRvwn`
Avi kvwš— KwgwUi †jvK‡`i †Q‡o w`‡q fyj K‡iwQ| mvg‡bi w`b¸‡jv‡Z
Avgiv Avi †m fy‡ji cybive„wË Kie bv| e½eÜz G‡`i †R‡j cvwV‡q i¶v

91 92

cuvP
GKw`b †`Ljvg XvKv †eZvi wbtkã| Avk¼v nj, GKUv wKQy N‡U‡Q| g‡b
nj cuPvˇii HwZnvwmK wec­e ïi“ n‡q †M‡Q| †`vqv Ki‡Z _vKjvg|
Avgv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ fvB‡`i †`vqv Ki‡Z ejjvg| cuPvˇii cU cwieZ©b
RvZxq Rxe‡b GKUv DlvjMœ e‡j g‡b n‡qwQj| GB wec­e GKUv m~‡h©v`q
NUv‡Z bv cvi‡jI Agvwbkqvi AÜKvi we`~wiZ K‡i my‡en mvw`‡Ki AveQv
Av‡jvi Avfv Avb‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj| wKš‘ Avevi †mB Rv‡nwjqvZ| Avevi
†mB wbwð`ª AÜKvi| Avevi †mB wn›`yev‡`i cÖvavb¨| Lei †cjvg Lv‡j`
†gvkvii‡di gv, fvB, gwZqv †PŠayix Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ab¨vb¨ †bZ…e„‡›`i
†bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU wgwQj kni cÖ`w¶Y K‡i‡Q| G‡Z AviI wbwðZ njvg †h
cÖwZ-wec­e k³fv‡eB G¸‡”Q| cuPvˇii cwieZ©xZ †PZbv‡K i“k-fviZ
A¶kw³ †ekx `~i G¸‡Z w`‡e bv| Avgvi G aviYv wQj A‡bK Av‡M †_‡K|
gxi Kvwk‡gi AbyZß Abyf~wZi cÖwZ †hgb K¬vB‡fi mZK© `„wó wQj, wn›`y¯—
v‡bi ¶zavZ© AvMÖvmx RV‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i Zv †_‡K wb®K…wZ cvevi AvKzjZv‡K
w`j­x †h †Kvb g~‡j¨i wewbg‡q cÖwZnZ Ki‡e GUvB †Zv ¯^vfvweK| ¯^vaxb‡PZv
gxi Kvwkg‡K K¬vBf evsjvi gmb‡` e‡m KvR Kivi my‡hvM w`‡e bv| GB
wbg©g ev¯—eZv I BwZnv‡mi D¾¡j `„óvš— mvg‡b _vKv m‡Ë¡I, cÖwZ wec­‡ei
c`aŸwb ï‡b fvM¨nZ RvwZi Rb¨ `vi“Y e¨_v Abyfe Kwi| iv‡Î Nygv‡bvi
†Póv Kwi| wKš‘ Nyg †bB| GK fq¼i gvbwmK hš¿Yv I AbvûZ Aw¯’iZv
Abyfe Kwi| †kliv‡Î †ek wKQy ¸jxi kã Kv‡b G‡jv, j¶¨ Kijvg
†mw›Uª‡`i Aw¯’i c`PviYv| fvejvg evB‡i †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡ii KvQvKvwQ
cÖwZwec­‡ei †XD G‡m AvQvo †Lj| †Kvb gymjgvb †Kvbw`b †Kvb Ae¯’vq
Avj­vni mvnvh¨ †_‡K wbivk n‡Z cv‡i bv| Ggb GKUv nv`x‡mi K_v g‡b
n‡ZB †`vqv Kijvg| cÖvY f‡i †`vqv Kijvg Avj­vni Kv‡Q| Amnvq GB
RvwZi Rb¨ Avj­vni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Kijvg| Avgvi wPš—v-†PZbv `yj‡Q|
†cÊyjv‡gi gZ `yj‡Q Avkv ˆbiv‡k¨i gvSLv‡b| Avwg GB †f‡e Avk¦¯— †h
cwiw¯’wZi wbqš¿K Avgiv bB| cwiw¯’wZi Ici cÖfve we¯—v‡ii kw³ I mvg_©¨
Avgv‡`i †bB| hLb wQj ZLb Avgv‡`i mvg‡_©¨i meUzKz Kv‡R
93
jvwM‡qwQjvg| GLb Avgiv `„k¨c‡Ui evB‡i| Avgiv evB‡ii ch©‡e¶K
gvÎ| ZvQvov Avgv‡`i msMÖvg, Avgv‡`i †Kvievbx hw` Avj­vni Iqv‡¯— n‡q
_v‡K Zvn‡j Avj­vn wbðq Avgv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| Avj­vn wbR nv‡Z
wbqš¿Y Ki‡eb mewKQy|
mKvj nj, †m‡ji `iRv eÜ ZLbI| mKvj 8Uv bvMv` cÖwZw`b †mj
cÖ‡Kv‡ô bv¯—v †cuŠ‡Q hvq h_vwbq‡g| AvR e¨wZµg| N›Uvi ci N›Uv †cwi‡q
†Mj| 11Uv bvMv` `iRv †Lvjv nj| ¶zav, fq¼i ¶zavq Aw¯’i Avgiv
mK‡j| †mj †_‡K †ei“jvg| †ewi‡q ïbjvg evB‡i †_‡K †mbvevwnbxi
†jvKRb G‡m AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 4 Rb †bZv‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| eySjvg MZiv‡Z
¸jxi kã evB‡i bq †fZ‡ii| H ¸jx¸jv‡ZB Kviv cÖ‡Kv‡ô PviRb
AvIqvgx jxM †bZvi eyK we`xY© n‡q‡Q| `ytL †cjvg GB †f‡e †h KvivMv‡ii
Amnvq gvbyl‡`i webv wePv‡i nZ¨vi cÖeYZv †Kvbw`bB ïf nq bv| GUv
AgvbweK ee©iZv| GUv gvby‡li †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii P~ovš— Aegvbbv| wKš‘
BwZnv‡mi Awbevh© cwiYwZ‡K Avgiv †VKve wK w`‡q GKUv wew”Qbœ Zi½
evwji euva‡K †f‡½ w`‡Z cv‡i| Avðh© njvg `ykÕ eQi ci GKB BwZnv‡mi
cybive„wË †`‡L| †gvnv¤§`x †eMiv AcNv‡Z gi‡e GUvB‡Zv ¯^vfvweK|
`ycy‡ii Lvevi †cjvg| mKv‡j Lvevi †_‡K mevB gvni“g n‡q‡Q| KvivMv‡i
mš¿v‡mi Qvqv †b‡g G‡mwQj| Lvevi Av‡qvRb nqwb, Lvev‡ii K_vI fy‡j
wM‡qwQjvg mK‡j| mevi †Pv‡L gy‡L AvZ¼| we‡kl K‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
e›`xiv Zv‡`i Pvi †bZvi g„Zz¨‡Z gyl‡o c‡o‡Q| ZvQvov wec­‡ei MwZ-cÖK…wZ
eyS‡Z cvi‡Qbv †KD| Kv‡iv gy‡L †Kvb K_v †bB| wbe©vK PvIwb mevi|
mevB G‡K Ac‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q cwiw¯’wZi MfxiZv‡K wbiƒc‡Yi †Póv
Ki‡Q| we‡Kj bvMv` †`Ljvg AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i †PvL-PvIwb‡Z Av‡Mi gZ
Avi AvZ‡¼i Qvc †bB| gyLgʇji wegl©Zv `~i n‡q A‡bKLvwb D¾¡j n‡q
D‡V‡Q| Iiv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ cwiw¯’wZi e¨v‡ivwgUvi| wVK †Zgwb I‡`i Rb¨I
wQjvg Avgiv| Z‡e Avgv‡`i PvB‡Z I‡`i evB‡ii RM‡Zi mv‡_ m¤úK© wQj
†ekx| eySjvg mg‡qi †mªvZ Zv‡`i mc‡¶ cÖevwnZ n‡”Q| Avgiv Avgv‡`i
g‡a¨ wdm wdm K‡i Avjvc KiwQ| mvgwMÖK wePv‡i cwiw¯’wZ‡K Kzqvkv”Qbœ
e‡j g‡b nw”Qj| †`Ljvg cÖwZc‡¶i Dj­vm µgkt evo‡Z Av‡Q| wew¶ß
Avi †KD †bB, `‡j `‡j c`PviY Avi ˆeVK, Gw`K †mw`K BZ¯—Zfv‡e
Pj‡Q| Avgvi gb gvbwmKZvq GB wbæPvc †hb GKUv S‡oi c~e©vfvm e‡j
94
g‡b nj| B‡”Q nj cuPvˇii cwiewZ©Z Ae¯’v a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Avwg m‡PZb
ˆmwbK‡`i mv‡_ Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q cÖwZwec­e‡K cÖwZnZ Kwi| wKš‘ Avgvi
¯^Ztù~Z© AvKv•¶v †jvnvi Miv‡` †Vv°i †L‡q wd‡i Gj| eySjvg Avwg
wbi“cvq| Avwg GKRb e›`x|
G ivZI Aw¯’iZvi g‡a¨ KvUj| mKv‡j †m‡ji `iRv †Lvjvi ci Rvbvb nj,
Avgv‡K G †mj wWwfkb Qvo‡Z n‡e| I‡`i fvlvi g‡a¨ kvjxbZv I
mvejxjZv †bB| mv‡R©›U wb‡R GKRb Z_vKw_Z gyw³‡hv×v wQ‡jb| AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi †fZi-evwni me P¨v‡b‡ji mv‡_ Zvi wQj Aš—i½Zv| w`‡bi ïi“Uv
fvj jvMj bv †gv‡UI| GB NUbv Aïf ms‡KZ e‡j g‡b nj| ev` cÖwZev`
bv K‡i Avwg ˆZix njvg| Gevi Avwg duvmxi †m‡j| duvmx †nvK Avi bvB
†nvK mv‡R©‡›Ui GB KvR, Avgv‡`i cÖwZ Zvi fq¼i wRNvsmvi ewntcÖKvk|
duvmxi †m‡j AvUK †i‡L Avgvi gvbwmK wech©q NwU‡q GK ee©‡ivwPZ Avb›`
†Pv‡L †Pv‡L Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z Pvb wZwb| Zvi fveLvbv †hb GB Gevi †Zvgv‡K
duvmxi †mj †_‡K euvPv‡e †K? Zvi gy‡LB Rvb‡Z cvwi- Lv‡j` †gvkviid
GLb ¶gZvq| gywRe nZ¨vKvixiv cjvZK| fvejvg fvM¨nZ RvwZUv Avevi
Amnvq n‡q coj| duvmxi †m‡j A‡c¶v Ki‡Z jvMjvg| wKš‘ wePwjZ nBwb
†gv‡UI| †Kbbv Avwg Rvwb Rxeb g„Zz¨i gvwjK Avj­vn| Ggwb duvmxi †m‡j
e‡mB wec­ex †bZv †gvi‡k` mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x duvmxi ivq ky‡bI
wQ‡jb wbwe©Kvi| wØavnxb wP‡Ë eB wj‡L †M‡Qb †mj cÖ‡Kv‡ôi ¶z`ª cwim‡i|
¶gv Pvbwb Kv‡iv Kv‡Q| e‡j‡Qb- ÔDc‡ii dvqmvjv bv n‡j †KD Avgv‡K
duvmx w`‡Z m¶g n‡e bv|Õ
GKw`b KvUj duvmxi †m‡j| Avwg GKv| gvbwmK fxwZ A_ev ARvbv
Avk¼vq g‡b †Kvb `ye©jZvi mÂvi nqwb Z‡e GKvKxZ¡ Avgvi `vi“Y Lvivc
jvMwQj| Avgv‡`i fvB‡`i †_‡K `~‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i A¯^w¯— Abyfe KiwQjvg|
GKUv w`b †Kvb g‡Z KvUj| ciw`bI GKBfv‡e cvi nj| bvgvR Kvjvg
Zmexn Zvnjxj K‡i AwaKvsk mgq Avgvi KvU‡Q| iv‡Î Nyg, wbweo Ny‡g
Av”Qbœ| `y‡Uv w`b Aw¯’iZvi g‡a¨ KvwU‡q Nywg‡q c‡owQjvg| Avevi
AvKw¯§K ¸jxi kã| ¸jx Pj‡Q| Aweivg ¸jxi kã| Ôwgqv mv‡ne wgqv
mv‡neÕ e‡j WvKjvg †m›Uªx‡K| †R‡ji cwifvlvq †m›Uªx‡`i wgqv mv‡ne ejv
n‡q _v‡K| wZwb Avm‡jb| †`Ljvg- †ekx eqmx GKRb wenvix cywjk| Zvi
mv‡_ Avgvi K_vevZ©v Av‡M †_‡K nZ| wR‡Ám Kijvg- ÔwK n‡q‡Q?Õ wZwb
95
ej‡jb- Ô†`vqv K‡ib mv‡ne| evB‡i MʇMvj Pj‡Q|Õ Z‡e Gi †ekx wZwb
wKQy ej‡Z cvi‡jb bv|
ivwÎ †fvi nj| mKvj nj ¯^vfvweK wbq‡g| †m›Uªx‡`i gva¨‡g we‡Kj bvMv`
Lei †cjvg- Lv‡j` †gvkii‡di cZb n‡q‡Q| wmcvnx RbZv †Rbv‡ij
wRqv‡K AvUKve¯’v †_‡K †ei K‡i G‡b‡Q| †gvkZvK GLb Avi †cÖwm‡W›U
bb, wZwb wee„wZ w`‡q m‡i †M‡Qb| bZzb †cÖwm‡W›U wePvicwZ mv‡qg
†cÖwm‡W‡›Ui kc_ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| cuPvˇii cU cwieZ©‡bi SzuwK MÖnYKvix
Zi“Y †mbvbvqKiv †`‡ki gvwU‡Z Avi †bB| `vi“Yfv‡e `ytL †cjvg| g‡b
nj †mB RvbevR‡`i Kv‡Q RvwZi A‡bK cvevi wQj| †`‡ki cÖwZ, RvwZi
cÖwZ HKvwš—K `i` wQj e‡jB Zviv P~ovš— †Kvievbxi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡q gywRe‡K
nZ¨v Ki‡Z KzwÉZ nqwb| Zv‡`i ZË¡veav‡b wZb gv‡mi evsjv‡`k AÜKvi
†_‡K Av‡jvq DËi‡Yi evsjv‡`k| Zv‡`i mw`”Qv Zv‡`i cÖv‡Yi ¯ú‡k©i mv‡_
Kv‡iv Zzjbv Kiv hv‡e bv| wRqvi ¶gZv‡ivnY, G‡Z Lykx nIqvi wKQy †bB|
†Kbbv †`‡ki cU cwieZ©‡b Zvi †Kvb f~wgKv †bB| wKš‘ cwiw¯’wZi mydjUv
Zvi nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq G‡m †M‡Q| Avgvi g‡b n‡qwQj cuPvˇii †PZbv Zvi
g‡a¨ †bB e‡j ¶gZvq AvU NvU n‡q emevi wPš—v-‡PZbv ØvivB wZwb PvwjZ
n‡eb| A_©vr Av`k© bq, HwZn¨ bq, RvwZ bq, †`k bq Zvi K‡g©i †K›`ªwe›`y
gmb`| duvmxi †m‡j e‡m wRqv m¤^‡Ü Avgvi †h aviYvi D‡b¥l nq wRqv Zvi
kvmbKv‡ji cÖwZwU K‡g© Abyiƒc ¯^v¶i †i‡L‡Qb| cÖ_gZt cuPvˇii
bvqK‡`i evsjv‡`‡k Avm‡Z †`bwb| Avm‡jI Zv‡`i‡K Ryjyg wbcxo‡bi
m¤§yLxb n‡Z n‡q‡Q| wØZxqZt wePvicwZ mv‡qg‡K mwi‡q wZwb wb‡RB
gmb‡` mgvmxb n‡q‡Qb| Z…ZxqZt wegvb evwnbx cÖavb GgwR †Zvqve‡K
†`kZ¨v‡M eva¨ K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv G †`kUv‡K Bmjvgx †`‡k cwiYZ Kivi
AvKv•¶v Zvi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wQj|
Zvi mv‡_ mwµq mn‡hvwMZv Kiv m‡Ë¡I K‡Y©j Zv‡ni‡K duvmx‡Z Szwj‡q‡Qb|
lohš¿g~jK Afy¨Ìvb NwU‡q Bmjvgx †PZbvm¤úbœ wegvb evwnbx Awdmvi‡`i
nZ¨v Kwi‡q‡Qb| kZ kZ Zi“Y mvgwiK Awdmvi I †Rvqvb‡`i KvivMv‡i
wb‡¶c K‡i‡Qb| kZ kZ ˆmwbK‡K duvmx‡Z Szwj‡q‡Qb| ivRbxwZK‡`i‡K
†ZRvi‡Zi gv‡j cwiYZ K‡i‡Qb| Zvi kvmbvg‡j ivRbxwZK‡`i †Kbv-‡ePv
ïi“ nq| wZwbB †mbvevwnbx‡K ivRbxwZi †gv‡n Avweó K‡i‡Qb| Zvi
wWfvBW GÛ i“j cwjwm RvwZ‡K HK¨e× bv K‡i fvO‡bi w`‡K wb‡q hvq|
96
wemwgj­vni QÎQvqvq wZwb Bmjvgx †PZbv‡K bm¨vr Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`b|
K‡Y©j bv‡m‡ii gZ GK”QÎ AwacwZ nIqvi j‡¶¨ Zvi mg¯— KvR AvewZ©Z
n‡Z _v‡K| miKvix e¨‡q Zi“Y‡`i‡K Zvi ivRbxwZi gyLv‡c¶x K‡i
†Zv‡jb| me‡P‡q eo K_v G †`kUvi ¯^Kxq mËvi weKvk bv NwU‡q
Av‡gwiKv I i“k-fviZ A¶kw³i PviYf~wg‡Z cwiYZ K‡ib|
`ytmvnwmK bI‡Rvqv‡biv hy‡Mi gxiRvdi‡K nZ¨v K‡i gxi Kvwkg‡K gmb‡`
emvq| A_©vr gywR‡ei ci †cÖwm‡W›U nb L›`Kvi †gvkZvK| gxiRvd‡ii
mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e Zvi AZxZ ¸bv‡ni Kvddviv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Zvi DwPZ wQj
MY‡fv‡Ui gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k‡K Bmjvgx ivóª wn‡m‡e †NvlYv †`qv| Zv bv
K‡i wZwb †Kej cy‡iv‡bv cuv‡K cy‡iv‡bv P‡µi Ave‡Z© Lvwe †L‡q‡Qb| †MvUv
RvwZ‡K GKUv Bm~¨i Ici HK¨e× Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q| e¨_©B ev ewj †Kb?
RvwZ‡K Zvi mËvi g~j †mªvZaivq cÖevwnZ Kivi †Póv K‡ibwb| nvjKv wKQy
ms¯‹v‡ii cÖ‡jc w`‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb gvÎ| wKš‘ G‡Z †MvUv RvwZi †ivM wbivgq
nj bv| GKvËi †_‡K cuPvËi ch©š— †ivM‡fv‡Mi ci RvwZi Rxebxkw³
wdwi‡q Avbvi †Kvb e¨e¯’v bv nIqv‡Z †ivM RxevYy¸‡jv mwµq n‡q DVj|
Gi dj gvÎ wZb gv‡mi g‡a¨B †gvkZvK miKv‡ii cZb|
wec­‡evËi †cÖwm‡W›U L›`Kvi †gvkZvK ivRbxwZK‡`i wØZxq wVKvbv XvKv
†K›`ªxq KvivMv‡ii †mj cÖ‡Kv‡ô VuvB †c‡jb| GB KvivMvi ZLb AvIqvgx
evKkvjx I evgcš’x‡Z cwic~Y©| Bmjvgcš’x‡`i msL¨v µgk KgwZi w`‡K|
AvIqvgx evKkvjx I evgcš’x‡`i Aw¯’g¾vq wg‡k _vKv mš¿vmx cÖe„wËi
ewntcÖKvk gv‡S gv‡S NU‡Z _v‡K| Gi †cÖw¶‡Z Avwg, kwdDj Avjg cÖavb
Ges AviI A‡b‡K wg‡j AvIqvgx evKkvj we‡ivax GKwU †gvP©v MVb Kwi|
GB Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ L›`Kvi †gvkZvK mv‡ne KvivMv‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb|
26 †mj wWwfk‡b Zvi cÖ‡ek‡K ejv hvq- †ivó nevi Rb¨ GKUv †gviM †hb
ivbœvN‡ii w`‡K GwM‡q P‡j‡Q| gvÎ wZb gvm Av‡M GB AvIqvgx
evKkvjx‡`i DrLvZ K‡i G‡`i †bZv‡`i jv‡ki Ici L›`Kvi †gvkZvK
mv‡ai †mvbvi evsjvi gmb‡` Avmxb nb| ZvQvov gvÎ Kqw`b Av‡M Zv‡`i
4 †bZv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| Gi Rb¨I Zviv g‡b K‡i †gvkZvK ¯^qs GUv
Kwi‡q‡Qb| AvR‡K †mB †gvkZvK Zv‡`i nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq| `ywðš—vi `ytmn
¸i“fvi wb‡q Avmbœ g„Zz¨i cÖZx¶vq cÖni ¸Y‡Z _vK‡jb| ZvQvov evKkvjx‡`i
fq¼i Dw³ I cÖwZ‡kva¯ú„nv Zv‡K DwØMœ K‡i Zzjj| Avgiv †gvkZvK
97
mv‡n‡ei Ae¯’v AuvP Ki‡Z cvijvg| Iw`‡K †gvkZvK mv‡n‡ei fv‡Mœ KvRx
evix Zvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb †h, wZwb nZvkvq †f‡O
c‡o‡Qb| Avgiv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ civgk© K‡i wK Kiv hvq AvcvZZ fve‡Z
jvMjvg| kwdDj Avjg cÖavb Zvi MÖ“c †_‡K kw³kvjx `yÕRb‡K mve©¶wYK
cvnviv †`qvi Rb¨ KZ…©c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q cvwV‡q w`‡jb| Avgiv †NvlYv
w`jvg †gvkZvK mv‡n‡ei Ici †KD AvNvZ nvbvi †Póv Ki‡j KvivMvi
Kvievjvq cwiYZ n‡e|
†gvkZvK mv‡ne cÖvqB KvRx evixi †m‡j Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z Avm‡Zb|
GKw`b KvRx evix Avgvi †m‡j _vKvq wZwb Avgvi †m‡j G‡m Dcw¯’Z
n‡jb| Avgvi mv‡_ evix fvB cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb| ej‡jb- ÔAvwgb‡K †QvU
†_‡KB Rvwb| cÖ_g w`‡K Avgv‡`i mv‡_ KvR Ki‡jI Ô69 mvj bvMv`
Bmjvgx QvÎms‡N †hvM †`b| Zvici GKvˇi Avgiv wQjvg `yB wecixZ
†gi“‡Z| GLb Avevi evm KiwQ GK RvqMvq|Õ
Avwg ejjvg- ÔgywR‡ei AvB‡bi duv‡` AvU‡K Avgv‡K 40 eQi Kviv`Ê †`qv
nq|Õ
†gvkZvK mv‡ne ej‡jbÑ ÔAvwg KvjvKvbyb †NvlYv w`‡q IB me¸‡jv evwZj
K‡i w`‡qwQ|Õ ejjvgÑ ÔwKš‘ Avgv‡`i Kviv`Ê evwZj nqwb| Avcwb
KvjvKvbyb †NvlYv w`‡qB Lvjvm| wKš‘ AvIqvgx Pµ †Zv cÖkvm‡bi i‡Ü i‡Ü
cÖweó n‡q Av‡Q| Zviv Avgv‡`i `Êv‡`k evwZj Ki‡e †Kb?Õ
L›`Kvi †gvkZvK ¯^ífvlx, wb‡Ri e¨w³Z¡ m¤^‡Ü m‡PZb| gvÎ KqUv w`b
Av‡M RvwZi m‡e©v”P Avm‡b †_‡K KZ ARmª m¤§vb Kzwo‡q‡Qb| fv‡M¨i wK
wbg©g cwinvm! AvR‡K K‡q`x‡`i mv‡_ Kvivevm Ki‡Qb| Zvi Bw½‡Z KZ
ARmª gvbyl KvivMv‡i wbw¶ß| AvR‡K wZwb †mB KvivMv‡i me‡P‡q Amnvq
cÖvYx| ZvKvjvg Zvi w`‡K| Zvi †PvL Avi PvIwb‡Z ˆbiv‡R¨i AÜKvi| g‡b
coj bRi“‡ji †mB gigx m½xZ-
b`xi G K~j fv‡O I K~j M‡o
GB †Zv b`xi †Ljv
mKvj †ejv Avgxi †i fvB
dKxi mܨv †ejv|
98
Aek¨ Zv‡K Avk¦vm w`‡q ejjvgÑ ÔAvgiv i‡qwQ Avcbvi cv‡k| Avgv‡`i
jv‡ki Ici w`‡q Iiv Avcbvi Ici PovI n‡Z cvi‡e Zvi Av‡M bq|
Avgiv Avcbvi e¨vcv‡i mZK©| kvÏv‡`i ¯^cœ Avcwb †f‡O P~igvi K‡i‡Qb|
RvwZ‡K Gi †P‡q eo Dcnvi †`qvi wK wQj? KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô Avgiv
†`vqv K‡iwQ Avcbvi Rb¨, hviv Avcbvi cv‡k wQj Zv‡`i Rb¨| Avj­vn
wbðq Zvi iv¯—vq Pjv gRjy‡gi †`vqv wdwi‡q †`b bv|Õ
C` mgvMZ| AvZ¥xq cwiRb `~‡i †i‡L KvivMv‡i C‡`i Av‡e`b Lye GKUv
Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †bB| GB C` Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q hZ gwjb weeY© †nvK, hZ
gnii‡gi gZ †e`bv wea„Z †nvK, Zey C` †Zv| eQ‡ii GB GKwU w`b,
eQiv‡š— GB w`b Rxe‡b Avi Ny‡i bvI Avm‡Z cv‡i| Kwe iex‡›`ªi fvlvq-
ÔAvwR †h iRbx hvq wdivBe Zvq †Kg‡b?Õ †h w`b hvq Zv‡K wdwi‡q Avbv
hvq bv| ZvB GB Kviv cÖ‡Kv‡ô C` D`hvc‡bi Av‡qvRb Pjj| Av‡qvRb
Pjj AvIqvgx evKkvjx wkwe‡i, †m Av‡qvRb C` D`hvc‡bi bq, L›`Kvi
†gvkZvK‡K C‡`i Rvgvqv‡Z nZ¨vi Av‡qvRb| Lei Avgv‡`i Kv‡bI Gj|
Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i Kv‡bI †Mj| L›`Kvi †gvkZv‡Ki Rvb‡Z evKx iBj bv|
Avwg g‡b Kijvg, †m mgq L›`Kvi †gvkZvK‡K mvnm †hvMvb `iKvi| Avwg
GKvB Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z Pjjvg| mvg‡b w`‡q †M‡j wewfbœ wewa-wb‡l‡ai
†eov wWOv‡Z n‡e| Avwg †mme Gwo‡q, †cQb w`K w`‡q Zvi Rvbvjvi mg‡b
`uvov‡ZB wZwb Rvbvjvi Kv‡Q GwM‡q G‡jb| Avgv‡K †`‡L †Ku‡` †dj‡jb|
†m Kvbœv wkï‡`i Kvbœvi gZ| eySjvg, Nve‡o †M‡Qb wZwb| Avgv‡K ej‡jbÑ
Iiv Avgv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z Pvq|Õ ejjvgÑ ÔAm¤¢e| n‡Ki `xcwkLv‡K
evwZ‡jiv mw¤§wjZfv‡e GK dzrKv‡i wbwf‡q w`‡Z Pvq, wKš‘ Avj­vn G
`xcwkLv‡K AviI cÖ¾wjZ AviI DÏxß K‡i †Zv‡jb| Avcwb wbf©‡q _vKzb
Iiv Avcbvi wKQy Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| GQvov Avcbvi e¨vcv‡i Avgiv mZK©|
Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB cwiw¯’wZ ch©‡e¶Y KiwQ|Õ
Kviv KZ…©c¶ ci w`b C‡`i Rvgvqv‡Z kvwgj n‡Z Zv‡K wb‡la K‡ib
mZK©Zvg~jK e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e| KZ…©c‡¶i G wm×vš— mwVKB ej‡Z nq| hw`
†gvkZvK mv‡ne Rvgvqv‡Z †h‡Zb, Avi Zvi Dci hw` nvgjv cwiPvwjZ nZ,
Zvn‡j m¤¢eZt C‡`i gvV iYv½‡b cwiYZ nZ| KvivMv‡i cÖvYnvwb I
i³cv‡Zi Lei e¨vbvi †nwWs n‡q c„w_exi cÎ-cwÎKvq cÖKvk nZ| Avj­vn
†m Ae¯’v †_‡K KvivMvi‡K †mw`b euvwP‡q‡Qb| hvB †nvK, hZw`b L›`Kvi
99
†gvkZvK mv‡ne KvivMv‡i wQ‡jb Avgiv Zvi wbivcËvi Rb¨ †Pv‡L †Pv‡L
†i‡LwQ|
Qq
Lei †cjvg K‡qKRb f`ª‡jvK Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ G‡m‡Qb| Avwg
ZwoNwo wfwRwUs i“‡g Gjvg| G‡m †`Ljvg †KD †bB| †M‡Ui Kv‡Q GwM‡q
†Mjvg| †`Ljvg c¨v›U-kvU© cov bv`ymby`ym f`ª‡jvK Zvi cwil`eM© wb‡q
†jvnvi †MU w`‡q wfZi XyK‡Qb| mvjvg w`jvg| ReveI †cjvg| Zvi mv‡_
AwZwi³ †cjvg wgwó nvwmi †Zvndv| Aa©hyM ci AwZ cwiwPZ, AwZ †Pbv
AwZ cyiv‡bv †øn Avi ggZv wgwkªZ G nvwm Avgvi Aš—‡ii Mfx‡i bvov w`j|
Avgvi ivnevi, Avgvi c_cÖ`k©K, Avgvi †bZv †hb w`M¦xRq K‡i wd‡i
G‡m‡Qb| Dbmˇii cÖ_gv‡a© ˆfie †ijI‡q K‡jvbx‡Z Bmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni
GKwU N‡ivqv ˆeV‡K Avwg Avgwš¿Z| hw`I Avwg ZLb QvÎ BDwbqb Kwi|
†mLv‡b Avkivd fvB e³„Zv Ki‡jb| A‡bK wRÁvmvi Reve w`‡jb|
bZzb‡Z¡i mÜvb †cjvg Avwg| MÇvwjKv cÖev‡n Avi bq, †mªv‡Zi wecix‡Z
Pjevi kc_ wbjvg| Avgvi Zvi“Y¨ ZInx‡`i c‡_ GwM‡q Pjvi AvMÖ‡n Zxeª
n‡q DVj|
ˆK‡kv‡ii Zvi“Y¨ Avi AeyS AÜZvq wQjvg QvÎjx‡M, `ywb©evi AvVv‡iv‡Z QvÎ
BDwbq‡b| Zvici bZzb Dcjwä, bZzb †PZbv wb‡q Bmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni mv‡_
GKvKvi njvg| Avkivd fv‡qi mv‡_ gv‡S gv‡S †`Lv nZ| `ª“Z mvsMVwbK
c_ cwiµgvq Avwg GwM‡q PjwQ| wbZ¨ bZzb `vwqZ¡ G‡m co‡Q| Ae‡k‡l
GKvˇi Avje`i| ZLb Avkivd fvB‡qi mv‡_ †`Lv n‡Zv bv wKš‘ wZwb
MvBW Ki‡Zb †Uwj‡dv‡b| Zvi ci wech©q| S‡oi cvwLi gZ wew”Qbœ wew¶ß
mK‡j| cj †_‡K cÖni, cÖni †_‡K w`b, w`b †_‡K gvm, gvm †_‡K eQi,
eQi †_‡K hy‡Mi A‡a©K †cwi‡q AvR Avkivd fvB Avevi Avgvi m¤§y‡L|
100
Avkivd fvB K_v cvo‡jb| GKvˇii cZ‡bi ci wKfv‡e †KvjKvZvq
†M‡jb I fvi‡Zi gymjgvb‡`i ZLb wK `ytmn gvbwmK Ae¯’v wZwb G‡K G‡K
ej‡Z _vK‡jb| wZwb ej‡jbÑ Avgv‡`i‡K hLb evsjv‡`‡k wek¦vmNvZK Avi
`vjvj wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i N‡i N‡i Zj­vmx K‡i LyuR‡Q, hLb G‡`‡k
Avgv‡`i fvB‡qi nv‡Z Avgv‡`i eyK we`xY© n‡”Q, ZLb wn›`y¯—v‡bi wn›`y‡`i
M„‡n Pj‡Q †`qvjx Avi gymjgvb‡`i N‡i N‡i Pj‡Q gvZg Avi gwm©qv| Avwg
wb‡Ri †`k wb‡Ri f~LÊ †Q‡o hLb †KvjKvZvq Dcw¯’Z njvg, gymjgvbiv
ZLb Avgv‡K mvMÖ‡n AvM‡j ivLj| †`Ljvg wK Acwimxg Zv‡`i `i`|
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi gvwU‡Z wn›`y¯—vbx ˆmwbK‡`i c`PviYvq Zviv wK wb`vi“Y
AvnZ| †kl ch©š— †KvjKvZvq Avgvi Øxwb fvB‡qiv A‡bK B”Qv _vKv m‡Ë¡I
ivL‡Z cvi‡jb bv| †Mv‡q›`v wefv‡Mi †jvKRb wcQy †j‡M‡Q| ILv‡b
cÖ‡Z¨KwU gymjgv‡bi †cQ‡b †Mv‡q›`v| †hb i“k-fvi‡Zi bxjb·v gZ
AvIqvgx jxM I evgcš’x‡`i Øviv wbh©vwZZ gRjyg gymjgvb‡`i‡K Avkªq bv
w`‡Z cv‡i| †KvjKvZvi gymwjg fvB‡qiv Avgv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i Avkª‡q ivL‡Z
cvi‡jb bv| Avgvi wbivcËvi Rb¨ Avgv‡K w`j­x †h‡Z nj| †mme Av‡qvRb
D‡`¨vM †KvjKvZvi gymjgvb fvB‡qiv Ki‡jb| w`j­xi gymjgvb fvB‡qivI
Avgv‡K mv`‡i AvM‡j ivL‡jb| GLv‡bI GKB iKg †Mv‡q›`v ZrciZv|
Gevi †ev‡¤^ Gjvg| w`j­xi fvB‡qiv †ev‡¤^ ch©š— Avmvi Ges wbivc` Avkª‡qi
e¨e¯’v Ki‡jb| GLv‡bI _vKjvg A‡bK w`b| †Mv‡q›`viv Zrci GLv‡bI|
Zvici †Pviv c‡_ `yevB †Mjvg, †mLvb †_‡K cvwK¯—vb| †mLv‡b Avje`i
†`Lvi Rb¨ kZ kZ gvby‡li wfo R‡g †Mj| cÖ‡Z¨Kw`b Avwg gIjvbv
mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`xi ˆeKvwjK Awa‡ek‡b Zvi mvnPh© †_‡K wKQy
msMÖn Kivi Rb¨ emZvg| Avgv‡K †c‡q gIjvbv `vi“Y Lykx| we¯—vwiZ- fv‡e
evsjv‡`‡ki me©‡kl Ae¯’v Avgvi KvQ †_‡K ïb‡jb Avi †`vqv Ki‡jb
Avgv‡`i AMwYZ wbh©vwZZ gvbyl‡`i Rb¨|Õ
Avkivd fvB e‡j P‡j‡Qb- Ôwb‡Ri †`k, wb‡Ri gvwU, Avgv‡`i Rb¨ †eMvbv
n‡jI `ywbqvi gymjgvbiv Avgv‡`i GB Z¨vM GB †Kvievbx‡K m¤§v‡bi mv‡_
MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Bmjv‡gi mv¤cÖwZK BwZnv‡m D¾¡j `„óvš—
wn‡m‡e| `ywðš—v Ki‡eb bv| Avgv‡`i Z¨vM wed‡j hv‡e bv †Kvbw`b| Avwg
101
Avcbv‡`i mevi Lei ivLvi †Póv K‡iwQ| Avcwb KvivMv‡ii wbf„Z †m‡j
†_‡KI Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ Kx K‡i‡Qb Zv Avgvi ARvbv wQj bv|
G‡`‡k Avmvi Av‡M Avwg wbqZ K‡iwQjvg †`‡ki gvwU‡Z cv w`‡qB Avwg
Avcbvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kie| Avwg †Kv_vI bv wM‡q mivmwi Avcbvi mv‡_ †`Lv
Kivi Rb¨ GLv‡b G‡mwQ|Õ
Zvi K_v ï‡b g‡b nj hw`I Avwg KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô wbm½, wKš‘ GKv
bB| c„w_exi me©Î Qwo‡q wQwU‡q i‡q‡Q Avgvi AvcbRb| hv‡`i Kj¨vY
Kvgbv, hv‡`i Avkxe©v` Avgv‡K †eób K‡i i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i †`vqvq m¤¢eZt
Avwg †eu‡P AvwQ|
Avwg †ekx K_v ejjvg bv| Avwg hv eje meB Avkivd fvB‡qi Rvbv| Avwg
†mªd GKRb ˆah©kxj †kªvZv wn‡m‡e Zvi K_v¸‡jv ïb‡Z jvMjvg| msMV‡bi
Rb¨ Zvi Z¨vM-wZwZ¶v Acwimxg| e„nËi †gv‡gbkvnx‡Z wec­‡ei gkvj wb‡q
MÖvg-MÄ, kni-kniZjx‡Z Qy‡U †ewo‡q‡Qb| Zvi mvnvh¨ bv †c‡j nq‡Zv
AvRI AÜKv‡ii Ave‡Z© Lvwe †LZvg| wZwbB Avgv‡K †U‡b G‡b‡Qb
Rv‡nwjqvZ †_‡K Bmjv‡gi w`‡K| Zv‡K fyje bv| †fvjv DwPZI bv|
cÖv‡Yi Av‡eM w`‡q Avkivd fvB A‡bK wKQy ej‡jb| ej‡jb wm›`vev‡`i
gZ Zvi `ytmvnwmK md‡ii BwZe„Ë| Zvici we`vq wb‡jb| gb PvBj bv
†Q‡o w`‡Z| wKš‘ Avwg KvivMv‡ii GKRb e›`x eB †Zv wKQy bB| Avgvi
m¤§vwbZ †gngvb‡K ivLvi ¯’vb †Zv KvivMvi bq| wZwb P‡j †M‡jb| weeY©
nvwm w`‡q Zv‡K we`vq w`jvg|
Zvici GKw`b ïbjvg Avkivd fvB Avevi G‡m‡Qb| Avwg Zvi Rb¨
wfwRwUs i“‡gi w`‡K G¸‡ZB GKRb Avgv‡K ej‡jbÑ ÔAv‡i bv Iw`‡K bq|
4bs Iqv‡W©i w`‡K hvb|Õ eySjvg Avkivd fvB Kvivev‡m| 4bs Iqv‡W© wM‡q
†`Ljvg Avkivd fvB e‡m Av‡Qb `ywðš—vi `ytmn ¸i“fvi wb‡q| Avgv‡K
†`‡LB GKUz ¤­vb nvwm w`‡q Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡jb| Avwg †n‡m ejjvg, ÔAvkivd
fvB, Avgvi cÖwZ Avcbvi cÖv‡Yi Uvb nq‡Zv ev Avgvi Kv‡Q Avcbv‡K †U‡b
G‡b‡Q| meB Avj­vni †g‡nievbx| Avj­vni †Kvb dvqmvjvi Ici bvivR
nIqv DwPZ bq|Õ wRÁvmv Kijvg- ÔAvcwb GLv‡b G‡jb wKfv‡e?Õ Zvi gyL
†_‡K Rvbjvg †Kvb GK †i÷z‡i‡›U Pv LvIqvi mgq GKvˇi Zvi GjvKvi
102
Kg©iZ GKRb cywjk Awdmvi Zvi cÖwZ GB †g‡nievbx K‡i‡Q| ZviB
†mŠR‡b¨ wZwb GLb KvivMv‡i| mvZvˇi G‡mI GKvˇii †ik †kl nqwb|
Avkivd fvB hv‡Z †f‡O bv c‡ob G Rb¨ Zvi m½ w`‡Z _vKjvg| ZvQvov
KvivMv‡i Avkivd fvB †_‡K Avwg wmwbqi G Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ Abyf~Z nj †ekx
K‡i| Z…Zxq †kªYxi †K¬`v³ cwi‡ek †_‡K mwi‡q Zv‡K nvmcvZv‡j _vKvi
e¨e¯’v Kijvg| †mLv‡bI wZwb weeªZ †eva Ki‡jb| †kl ch©š— Kviv
KZ…©c‡¶i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i wb‡q Gjvg Avgvi †m‡j| GLv‡b Zvi Rb¨
Avgvi weQvbv †Q‡o w`‡q Avwg wb‡P _vKZvg| Avgvi †bZv‡K mv‡_ †c‡q
Avgvi wbtm½ mgq¸‡jv cÖvYeš‘ n‡q DVj| †Rj †_‡KB wZwb `yevB‡q
e¨vwióvi †Kvievb Avjx mv‡ne I Zvi ¯¿x‡K wPwV †j‡Lb| Zvi gy‡LB ï‡bwQ,
Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg mv‡n‡ei cÖwZwµqvkxj gnbyfeZvq cvwK¯—v‡b Zvi
Ges †Kvievb mv‡ne-Gi msK‡Ui K_v| Zvici `yevB‡q cvwo Rgvb|
†mLv‡b wKfv‡e msKU DËi‡Yi cÖqvm wb‡q‡Qb, G‡K G‡K mewKQy wZwb Ly‡j
ej‡jb|
Zvici GKw`b wZwb gyw³ †c‡jb| LuvPv †_‡K †ewi‡q gyw³i w`M‡š— Wvbv
†gj‡jb| Avwg i‡q †Mjvg †mB AÜ Zgmvq| †mB wbweo wZwg‡i| w`j­x
nbyR `~iv¯—| Pwj­k eQi A‡bK `~i|
w`‡bi †ejvUv Kvivevmx Øxwb fvB I Ab¨vb¨ msMVb ewnf~©Z fvB‡`i mv‡_
Avjvc Av‡jvPbv Zvwjg ZiweqZ I †Ljvayjvi g‡a¨ mgq AwZevwnZ n‡jI
ivwÎi GKvš— GKvKxZ¡ gv‡Sgv‡S Avgv‡K wePwjZ K‡i †Zv‡j| Aš—nxb
nvnvKv‡i wN‡i a‡i Avgv‡K| GKUv †Kvgj Abyf~wZ cvIqvi AvKzwZ Avgv‡K
KvZi K‡i †Zv‡j| Aš—nxb cÖZ¨vkv wb‡q Aaxi AvMÖ‡n †h gwnqmx A‡c¶v
Ki‡Qb Zvi Rb¨ Avwg cvMj n‡q DwV| g‡b nq KvivMv‡ii Miv` †f‡O Avwg
Qy‡U hvB| w`‡bi ci w`b, eQ‡ii ci eQi †K‡U †Mj| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z 8wU
eQi Avgvi Rxeb †_‡K L‡m coj| 40 eQ‡ii `Ê cÖvß ZvI Pzwi WvKvwZ
Ab¨vq AcK‡g© bq, fvM¨nZ RvwZi B¾Z I AvRv`x †K‡o †bqvi lohš¿
cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡`iB GB eyR`xj RvwZi KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô
ayu‡K giwQ| Kv‡Q †_‡KI Avgvi wcÖqRb, GKvš— wcÖqRb †_‡K Avwg †KvwU
†hvRb `~‡i| KZivZ Avwg wewb`ª Zvi Rb¨| †gv‡gbkvnx KvivMv‡i Zv‡K
103
Avwg †`‡LwQ, †`‡LwQ Zvi AkÖ“mRj †PvL| †mB Qwe mvwR‡q †i‡LwQ ü`‡qi
GKvš— Mfx‡i| Avgvi Abyf~wZ w`‡q Zv‡K †`wL| †ivR †`wL| †`wL Zvi
AkÖ“‡fRv †PvL| Zvi wø» ggZvi PvIwb| Zvi †Kvgj nv‡Zi ¯úk©, Zvi
Av‡eM-RwoZ evYx, Avgv‡K AvRI wenŸj K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Zey B‡”Q nq Avi
GKevi †`wL| Avevi †`wL Zv‡K| ggZvi g~Z© cÖZxK †mB gwnqmx wK
Avm‡ebv GLv‡b GB KvivMv‡i, Avgvi GKvš— KvQvKvwQ|
DbAvwki cÖ_g w`K, w`b ZvwiL g‡b †bB| Lei †cjvg wfwRwUs i“‡g Avgvi
mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ wKQy †jvK A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Avgvi aviYv nj Avgvi
msMV‡bi †KD n‡e nq‡Zv| Rgv`v‡ii Kv‡Q wbqg gZ GKUv w¯­c Rgv w`‡q
wfwRwUs i“‡gi w`‡K iIqvbv njvg| Xy‡KB Avwg Pg‡K DVjvg| GK wekxY©
gwnjv KvZi †PvL †g‡j Aaxi AvMÖ‡n PvZ‡Ki gZ A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb|
GB †mB gwnjv hvi Rb¨ Avgvi DrKY© cÖZx¶v| GB gwnqlx gwnjvB Avgvi
gv| gv‡qi Kv‡Q GwM‡q †Mjvg| mvjvg w`‡q Rwo‡q aijvg| gv Zvi wekxY©
nvZ w`‡q Avgv‡K †b‡o †P‡o †`L‡Q| gv‡qi Av‡Mi †mB jveY¨ †bB, †iv‡M
†kv‡K Pvgov¸‡jv KzuP‡K †M‡Q| †PvL `y‡Uv †KvVivMZ| gv ej‡jb, Ôevev GB
†eva nq †kl †`Lv| Avi †`Lv n‡e bv|Õ
gvi kixi DËß| K_v ej‡Z cvi‡Qb bv, Kuvc‡Qb| gv‡K ejjvgÑ Ôgv‡Mv,
Zzwg Avgvi Rb¨ †`vqv K‡iv| GKgvÎ †Zvgvi †`vqv Avgv‡K Ryjyg-gy³
Ki‡Z cvi‡e| gv, `ywbqvi †h hvB ejyK †Zvgv‡K Avevi Rvbvw”Q, Avwg
Ab¨vq Kwiwb| †Kvb AcK‡g© RwoZ wQjvg bv, Zzwg Aš—Z wek¦vm K‡iv|
†`vqv K‡iv fwel¨‡ZI †hb Avj­vni c‡_ _vK‡Z cvwi|Õ gv Avgvi gv_vq nvZ
eywj‡q w`‡jb| gv‡K Avwg wei³ Ki‡Z PvBjvg bv| hZ †`ix n‡e Kó
evo‡e Zvi| Avgvi †`Lvi eo mva wQj| cÖvY f‡i †`‡L wbjvg| gvi mv‡_
wQj Avgvi LvjvZ fvB Ave`yj jwZd, L›`Kvi eRjyi ingvb, gvgvZ fvB
Ave`yi ingvb `y‡Uv †evb, I fv‡Mœiv| mevi mv‡_ msw¶ß Avjvc K‡i gvi
wPwKrmv fvjfv‡e Kivi Rb¨ Dc‡`k w`jvg Avi ejjvg GKUv Qwe Zz‡j
†bqvi Rb¨| Avgvi g‡b nj G †`LvB †kl †`Lv| gv‡K Avi Avwg cve bv|
gv‡K †c‡q †hgb Avwg Avbw›`Z n‡qwQ| Zvi RxY© kxY© kvixwiK Ae¯’v †`‡L
Z‡ZvwaK †c‡qwQ Kó| Z‡e Kz`i‡Zi dvqmjv hv nevi ZvB n‡e; †mLv‡b
104
Avgv‡`i †Kvb nvZ †bB, KiYxqI wKQy †bB| fvebv `~‡i mwi‡q ivLvi †Póv
Kijvg|
Zvici wZb gvm †cwi‡q †M‡Q| DbAvwki 26 †m‡Þ¤^i ïµevi †kl iv‡Î
Avwg †`Ljvg `yt¯^cœ| gv †hb gviv hv‡”Qb| k¦vmKó Avi g„Zz¨ hš¿Yvq Aw¯’i,
†Kvb K_v ej‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| Avwg †`LwQ fq¼i Kó AvgviI| Kvbœvq †f‡O
cowQ wbtk¦vm Avgvi eÜ n‡q Avm‡Q| nVvr Avgvi Nyg †f‡O †Mj| wKš‘
Aw¯’iZv Kgj bv| D‡V cvqPvix Kijvg| Ahy K‡i bvgvR cojvg Avi †`vqv
Kijvg gv‡qi Rb¨|
Gici K‡qK w`b ci PvPv L›`Kvi BmgvCj G‡jb Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi
Rb¨| A‡bK wKQy Avjvc Ki‡jb| PvPv Zvi Avjvc Av‡jvPbvq wfbœ wKQy
nq‡Zv ev ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Avwg eywSwb A_ev eySvi †Póv Kwiwb|
AviI K‡qKw`b ci msMV‡bi K‡qKRb G‡jb| Gi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Rvgvqv‡Zi
Avãyj Lv‡jK gRyg`vi fvB, Kvgi“¾vgvb fvB, AvRnvi“j Bmjvg fvB
wkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ Avey Zv‡ni fvB, QvÎ †bZv Gbvgyj nK fvB, †gvt
dvi“K I gv‡jK fvBmn 10 R‡bi gZ| GZRb GK mv‡_ Zviv †Kvb w`‡bI
mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ Av‡mbwb| mKj‡K GK mv‡_ †`‡L mvjvg wewbg‡qi ci Avwg
ejjvgÑ ÔAvcbviv †Kb G‡m‡Qb Avwg Rvwb| Avgvi gv gviv †M‡Qb ZvB bv?
w`bUv wQj ïµevi, †hw`b †kl iv‡Z ¯^cœ †`wL|Õ Zviv AevK n‡jb, Avgv‡K
A‡bK mvš—¡bv w`‡jb|
gv‡qi mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi ciB ey‡SwQjvg gv Avi euvP‡eb bv| †mw`b †_‡K
gv‡K nviv‡bvi gZ weivU GKUv AvNvZ mn¨ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ wbw”Qjvg|
gv †bB| G weivU c„w_ex‡Z Avgvi †kl AvkªqUzKzI e¨_vi c­ve‡b †f‡m †Mj|
GLb Avwg GKv| wbZvš— GKv Avwg| GB †ek nj| wcQyUvb Avi iBj bv|
wec­ex‡`i wcQyUvb bv _vKv fvj|
cÖ‡Z¨K w`b dR‡ii bvgv‡Ri ci wbqwgZ e¨vqvg Kivi mgq †`LZvg jy½x
Avi cvÄvex cov GKUv †jvK gš’i MwZ‡Z GKvKx BZ¯—Z nuvU‡Qb| mKv‡ji
nvIqv Mvq jvMv‡bv nq‡Zv Zvi Af¨vm| cwiPq †R‡bwQjvgÑ wZwb KwgDwb÷
cvwU©i Ruv`‡ij †bZv Kg‡iW dinv`| Zvi mv‡_ Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi B‡”Q
Avgvi Kg wQj GgbwU bq| Z‡e wPš—v-†PZbv I Kg© c×wZi †¶‡Î †h‡nZz
105
Avgiv wecixZ ej‡q Ae¯’vb KiwQ †m Kvi‡Y wKfv‡e Zvi mv‡_ Avjvc
Av‡jvbvi m~ÎcvZ Kie G wb‡q K‡qKw`b a‡i fvewQjvg!
†mw`b hLb e¨vqvg †m‡i kixiUv g¨v‡mR KiwQ ZLb cvÄvex I GKUv `vgx
jy½xcov †mB f`ª‡jvK Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m wb‡RB cÖ_‡g K_v cvo‡jb|
ej‡jbÑ ÔAvgv‡K GK M­vm cvwb LvIqv‡Z cvi‡eb|Õ Avwg Z¶ywY dvjZz‡K
ejjvg GK M­vm cvwb w`‡Z| cvwb LvIqvi ci wR‡Ám Ki‡jbÑ ÔAvcwb wK
evB‡iI e¨vqvg Ki‡Zb?Õ ejjvgÑ ÔwR¡ KiZvg| ZvQvov Avwg †¯úvU©‡mi
mv‡_ RwoZ wQjvg| GLv‡b GKUz †ekx Kivi KviY, Ab¨ †Kvb KvRI †bB|
AwZwi³ e¨vqvg K‡i kix‡ii Pvwn`v cywl‡q wbw”Q| Zv bv n‡j 40 eQ‡ii
Kvivev‡m Ggwb‡ZB kixi †bwZ‡q co‡e|Õ
Gici †_‡K Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi mL¨Zv e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| me‡P‡q eo K_v-
`y‡Uv wecixZgyLx Ae¯’v‡b †_‡KI KvivMv‡ii wbtm½Zvq Avgv‡K wZwb
K_vevZ©v ejvi I Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi mv_x wn‡m‡e cvevi d‡j wZwb Avgvi
mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z fv‡jvevm‡Zb| A_ev GI n‡Z cv‡i Zvi wPš—v-†PZbv
Avgv‡K cÖevwnZ Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡K Uv‡M©U K‡i‡Qb|
Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi me iKg Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi Øvi Ly‡j †Mj| cÖ‡Z¨K w`b
Zvi mv‡_ welq †_‡K welqvš—‡i Avjvc nZ| Zvi mv‡_ gZvš—i, gZ-we‡iva
n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ m¤ú‡K©i AebwZ N‡Uwb KLbI| Av‡jvPbvi GK ch©v‡q wZwb
`ytL K‡i e‡jbÑ ÔAvgiv G RvwZUvi Kv‡Q Kzqvkv”Qbœ i‡q †Mjvg| Avgiv
Bmjvg we‡ivax, Avgiv ag©‡`ªvnx Ggb GKUv aviYv gvby‡li g‡a¨ e×g~j
i‡q‡Q| †m weåvwš— Dc‡o †djv wKQy‡ZB m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| A_P Avgiv †kvlY
eÂbvi Aemv‡bi Rb¨ mgvRZ‡š¿i A_©‰bwZK †cÖvMÖv‡gi K_v e‡j _vwK, hv
Bmjv‡giI j¶¨|Õ
Avwg ejjvg- ÔAvcbv‡`i A_©‰bwZK cÖm½Uv‡K ev` w`‡q hw` ïi“ †_‡K AvR
ch©š— Avcbv‡`i Kvh©µg wb‡q weZK© bv K‡i wb‡RivB we‡k­lY K‡ib Zvn‡j
GUv wK my¯úó n‡q DV‡ebv †h, Avcbviv Avcbv‡`i Kgx©‡`i †fZ‡i Bmjvgx
wPš—v-‡PZbvi we‡jvc NUv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? hv‡`i wPš—vaviv Avcbv‡`i ivR‰bwZK
Kvh©µ‡gi wfwË †mB gv·©, †mB †jwbb, hviv ag©‡K Avwdg e‡j‡Qb, †Lv`vi
Aw¯—Z¡ gy‡Q †djvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| G QvovI †h mgvRZš¿x iv‡óªi g`` wb‡q
106
gq`v‡b †b‡g‡Qb, Zv‡`i nvZ †KvwU †KvwU gymjgvb‡`i i³v³ K‡i‡Q|
Zv‡`i AvMÖvmx f~wgKv ga¨ Gwkqvi 6wU gymwjg ivóª‡K ïaygvÎ `L‡j †i‡L‡Q
Ggb bq, Zv‡`i BwZnvm HwZn¨ mf¨Zv I ms¯‹…wZ‡K wbg~©j K‡i w`‡q‡Q|
Gi d‡j hv‡`i g‡a¨ GKUzLvwb Bmjvgx †PZbv i‡q‡Q Zviv wK K‡i
Avcbv‡`i †mB cyiv‡bv duv‡` cv ivL‡e?
ÔwZwb GKUz Pzc †_‡K ej‡jb- ÔG‡`‡ki Bmjvgcš’xiv †hfv‡e mgvRZš¿‡K
AvµgY K‡i, †hfv‡e mgvRZš¿x †`kmg~‡ni mgv‡jvPbv K‡i, †mfv‡e gvwK©b
mvgªvR¨ev‡`i I cyuwRev‡`i mgv‡jvPbvq gyLi bq| G †_‡K GUv ¯úó n‡q
I‡V bv wK, Bmjvgcš’xiv †kvl‡Yi nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q?Õ
ejjvgÑ ÔgvwK©b mvgªvR¨ev` I cyuwRev‡`i mgv‡jvPbv K‡ibv GgbwU bq|
Z‡e nu¨v, `uvwo-cvj­vq IRb Ki‡j Avcbv‡`i w`KUv †ekx n‡e| cyuwRev` †h
†`Dwjqv GUv A‡bK Av‡M cÖgvY n‡q †M‡Q| Ae©vPx‡bi gZ GKUv g„Z
jvk‡K Uvbv-†nuPov K‡i mg‡qi AcPq nq‡Zv Zviv Ki‡Z Pvb bv| ZvQvov
ai“b, Avcbvi evox‡Z Av¸b †j‡M †eovi Av¸‡b gkvixI R¡j‡Q, Avcwb
†`L‡Qb ¯úó| Av¸b Avcbvi wK ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i GUzKz ejvi wK cÖ‡qvRb
Av‡Q? cyuwRev‡`i AuvP cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Mv‡q †j‡M‡Q Avgiv mevB R¡jwQ| wKš‘
Av¸b †bfv‡Z mgvRZš¿ †h fqven ZzlvicvZ NUv‡Z Pv‡”Q, †mLv‡bB †eu‡a‡Q
†Mvj| cyuwRev‡`i Av¸‡b R¡‡j cy‡i wPrKvi AvnvRvwi Kivi my‡hvM _vK‡jI
mgvRZ‡š¿i Zzlvicv‡Z †MvUv RvwZ wng nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q †ekx| A_©vr
Avwg ej‡Z PvBwQ, cyuwRev‡`i Av‡jvPbv mgv‡jvPbv Kiv GgbwK cyuwRev`‡K
DrLvZ Kivi c_ †Lvjv Av‡Q| wKš‘ mgvRZ‡š¿i A‡±vcv‡k †Kvb RvwZ
Ave× n‡j Zv †_‡K wb®K…wZ cvIqvi †Kvb c_ †bB| mgvRZ‡š¿i m¯—v
†k­vMv‡b mvaviY gvby‡li weåvš— nIqvi m¤¢vebv A‡bK †ekx i‡q‡Q e‡j
mgvRZ‡š¿i fq¼i w`K¸‡jv RbM‡Yi mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv‡K Bmjvgcš’xiv
Zv‡`i Øxwb `vwqZ¡ e‡j g‡b K‡ib|Õ
dinv` mv‡ne ZLb e‡jbÑ ÔAvgv‡`i Kgx©iv †hfv‡e †kvlY-eÂbvi wei“‡×
†mv”Pvi, †hfv‡e RbM‡Yi `ytL-`y`©kvi mv‡_ GKvKvi n‡q KvR Ki‡Q,
Avcwb ejyb Bmjvgcš’x‡`i KvD‡K wK Avcwb †Zgbfv‡e †`L‡Qb?Õ
107
Avwg ejjvgÑ Ôme `‡ji Kvh©µg I ÷ªv‡URx GK iKg nq bv|
Bmjvgcš’xiv ˆbwZK w`KUvi cÖwZ †hgb ¸i“Z¡ †`q Avcbv‡`i †Zgb
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Bmjvgcš’xiv g‡b K‡i †Kvb e„nËi cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡j,
ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi Avg~j cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| Zviv Zv‡`i wekvj Kgx©
evwnbx‡K ˆbwZK w`K w`‡q ewjôfv‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj| Zviv hLb
MYgyLx cwiKíbv wb‡q gq`v‡b Avmvi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡”Q ZLbB Zv‡`i Ici
G‡m‡Q cÖPÊ AvNvZ| i“k-fviZ GgbwK Av‡gwiKv G‡`i‡K mw¤§wjZfv‡e
DrLvZ Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Q| Zv Qvov 14k eQ‡ii esk ci¯úivq †c‡q Avmv
cyÄxf~Z a¨vb-aviYv Avi e¯‘ev‡`i m„ó m‡›`nev` e¨w³-†PZbv †_‡K wbg~©j
Kiv PvwÆLvwb K_v bq| GUv Ki‡Z Bmjvgcš’x‡`i w`‡bi ci w`b wbijm
cwikªg Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| lv‡Ui `kK †_‡K Avgiv †`‡L AvmwQ gZ I c‡_i
ˆecixZ¨ _vKv m‡Ë¡I †h GKwU e¨vcv‡i Avcbviv HK¨e×fv‡e KvR K‡i‡Qb
Zv njÑ Bmjvgcš’x‡`i DrLvZ Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ
dinv` mv‡ne ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcwb †Zv G e¨vcv‡i GKgZ †h, cÖPwjZ cyuwRev`x
e¨e¯’v Ges Gi mv‡_ mswk­ó hveZxq Kvh©µg RbKj¨v‡Yi PvB‡Z MY-we‡ivax
Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q †ekx|Õ
ejjvgÑ ÔwR¡ nuv, m¤ú~Y© GKgZ| Avgv‡K fyj eyS‡eb bv| Avcbvi we‡ivwaZv
Avwg KiwQ bv| GB fvM¨nZ wech©¯— RvwZi Rb¨ Avcbv‡`i †h Abyf~wZ I
†e`bv‡eva i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`iI GKB Abyf~wZ we`¨gvb| cv_©K¨ Avgiv mgm¨vi
Mfx‡i AvNvZ nvb‡Z PvB, Avi Avcbviv †mLv‡b gj‡gi cÖ‡jc w`‡Z Pvb|Õ
dinv` fvB †n‡m †dj‡jb| ej‡jb- ÔAvcwb a‡i‡Qb wVK wKš‘ ej‡jb
D‡ëvUv| Avm‡j Avgv‡`iUv †ify¨wjDkb Avcbv‡`iUv Gfy¨wjDkb|Õ
ejjvgÑ Ôbv †gv‡UI D‡ëv ewjwb| ai“b GKUv wi·vIqvjv Avcbv‡`i fvlvq
ewÂZ †kªYx A_©vr cÖ‡jZvwi‡qZ †kªYx| Zvi e¨w³gvb‡m ey‡R©vqv wPš—v- †PZbv
wK †bB? Av‡Q| Avi Av‡Q e‡jB 5 UvKvi fvov ev‡M †c‡j 10 UvKv Av`vq
K‡i| K‡g©i KZ…©Z¡ hw` Zvi nv‡Z Av‡m Zvn‡j †kvlY †_‡K mgvR‡K wK
euvPv‡Z cvi‡eb? ¯^v_©ciZv mnRvZ, Rb¥ †_‡K gvbyl †mUv AR©b K‡i‡Q|
108
GB e¨w³i msKxY© ¯^v_©‡K wbg~©j Ki‡Z n‡j Zvi Rb¨ Avi GK ¯^v‡_©i
†RvMvb w`‡Z n‡e| ïay civ_©ciZv I RvZxq ¯^v‡_©i †`vnvB w`‡q e¨w³¯^v‡_©i
g~‡j AvNvZ nvbv m¤¢e bq wKQz‡ZB| GKUv e¨w³ Av‡eMZvwoZ n‡q †`k,
RvwZ A_ev mvgwMÖK ¯^v‡_© Rxeb w`‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ †m †jvK mvgwMÖK ¯^v‡_©
†jvK P¶zi Avov‡j K…”Q-mvabvq wbgMœ n‡Z cvi‡e bv| G e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg
GKwU ˆec­wjK f~wgKv ivL‡Z †c‡i‡Q| ai“b, GKwU †jvK wb‡Ri ¯^v_©
RjvÄwj w`‡q gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| Zey `ywbqvi gvbyl
Zv‡K †`‡L‡Q AeÁvi †Pv‡L| ¯^v_©ev`x †RŠjy‡mi mvg‡b Zvi Z¨vM-wZwZ¶v
¤­vb n‡q hv‡”Q| Avj­vn ej‡QbÑ ÔAvwg wbR nv‡Z Zvi cyi¯‹vi †`e|Õ GB
Avk¦vmB Zvi †cÖiYv‡K D¾xweZ K‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i| BwZnvm we‡k­lY K‡i
†`Lyb| weivU n¯—xevwnbx Ges jvL jvL ˆmb¨ wb‡q Aveivnv evwnbxi
ˆmwbK‡`i hy× Ki‡Z eva¨ Kivi Rb¨ ci¯úi‡K †kKj w`‡q †eu‡a ivL‡Z
n‡qwQj, hv‡Z †KD cvjv‡Z bv cv‡i| Aci c‡¶ 30 nvRvi c`vwZK ˆmb¨,
hviv wbqwgZ ˆmwbK bq, hv‡`i iY-m¤¢vi, Lv`¨ m¤¢v‡ii cÖvPzh©I wQj bv,
Zv‡`i wkwe‡i †K Av‡M knx` n‡e Zvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Pj‡Q| GUv m¤¢e
n‡qwQj e¨w³ gvb‡m ˆec­weK wPš—vi mgv‡ek NwU‡q| Avi I wec­e G‡mwQj
ZInx`ev` †_‡K|
Avwg AviI ejjvgÑ ÔAvcbvi cÖÁv I axkw³i †gvKvwejvq Avwg AwZ Zz”Q|
w_Dwi Avi w_wm‡mi cuv‡K †d‡j Avgv‡K civwRZ Kivi h‡_ó †hvM¨Zv
Avcbvi Av‡Q| Avgvi kª‡×q fvB wn‡m‡e Avcbvi cªwZ Aby‡iva gvby‡li
Kv‡Q avi Kivi Av‡M Avcbvi ev· nvwZ‡q †`Lyb †h wK cwigvY m¤ú`
Avcbvi i‡q‡Q|Õ
dinv` fv‡qi mv‡_ Avgvi Av‡jvPbv wewfbœfv‡e wewfbœ ch©v‡q n‡Zv| wZwb
Kvb †c‡Z Avgvi K_v¸‡jv ïb‡Zb| Avwg Avje`‡ii `vwqZ¡kxj wQjvg
†R‡bI, Z_vKw_Z ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax Ges 40 eQi Kviv`ÊcÖvß Avmvgx
†R‡bI Avgvi cÖwZ Zvi †mœn-ggZvi †Kvb NvUwZ †`wLwb| Zvi mvnPh© Avgvi
†hgb fvj jvMZ Avgvi mvnPh© wZwbI †Zgwb Kvgbv Ki‡Zb| Zv‡K Avwg
gIjvbv mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`xi Zvdmxi w`‡qwQ| wZwb c‡o‡Qb|
109
w`‡qwQ AviI Ab¨vb¨ Bmjvgx eB| wZwb wdwi‡q †`bwb, c‡o‡Qb| Zvi gb-
gvbwmKZvq GKUv So eB‡Q †mUv ¯úó eySv †hZ|
GKw`b dinv` fvB `ycyi †ejvq Avgvi wcÖRb †Kwe‡b G‡jb| nVvr Zvi
AvMg‡b wew¯§Z njvg| wZwb wb‡RB ej‡jbÑ ÔAvcbv‡K GKUv myLei w`‡Z
G‡mwQ| LeiUv GKUz Av‡M †cjvg| Avcbvi fvex Rvwb‡q †M‡jb Avgvi
gyw³i Av‡qvRb n‡q †M‡Q, AvR‡KB m¤¢eZt KvMR G‡m †cuŠ‡Q hv‡e| GLb
ch©š— KvD‡K GgbwK Avgvi msMV‡biI KvD‡K Avwg RvbvBwb, LeiUv
Avcbv‡KB cÖ_g w`jvg|Õ we‡K‡j Avgv‡K Pv LvIqvi `vIqvZ w`‡q P‡j
†M‡jb| Zvi wcÖRbm †Kwe‡b|
Avgvi KvivMv‡ii m½x I mn‡hvMx mv‡eK GbGmGm †bZv ˆmq` †bmvi
†bvgvbx evB‡ii gy³ Av‡jv evZv‡mi ¯úk© †c‡qI Avgvi K_v fy‡jbwb|
Avgvi gyw³i Rb¨ GB GKwU gvÎ e¨w³ hvi †Pv‡L Nyg wQj bv| Ggwc †_‡K
gš¿x ch©š— mevi `yqv‡i `yqv‡i Ny‡i Avgvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b †i‡L‡Qb| †bvgvbx
fvB cÖvqB KvivMv‡i G‡m Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Zb| Avgvi e¨vcv‡i KZUzKz
GwM‡q‡Qb Rvwb‡q †h‡Zb| AMÖMwZ †Zgb Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI wZwb
Avkvev`x| Zvi cÖej AvZ¥wek¦vm wQj| wZwb cÖvq ej‡ZbÑ ÔAvwg Avcbv‡K
gy³ KieB|Õ
†mw`b †bvgvbx fvB‡K Avwg ejjvg- Ôgš¿x‡`i mv‡_ Avcbvi †ek †hvMv‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| Avcbv‡K GKUv KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ
†bvgvbx fvB ej‡jbÑÔ†h †Kvb KvR, Zv hw` Avcbvi nq, mv‡a¨ Kz‡jv‡j
Avwg Aek¨B †mUv Kie|Õ
ejjvgÑ ÔwWAvBwR, Ae wcÖRÝ f~Bqv mv‡ne‡K †Zv Avcwb Rv‡bb| Avgv‡`i
Rb¨ wKbv K‡i‡Qb| m¤¢e n‡j Zvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i wKQz Kiv DwPZ| †ePviv
fvix msK‡U Av‡Qb| AvIqvgx jxM I Zvi mn‡hvMx msMVbmg~‡ni Kgx©iv
KvivMv‡i Zvi wei“‡× GKUv Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zzj‡Z PvB‡Q| KvivMv‡i GLb
e‡¯¿i `vi“Y msKU| wWAvBwR mv‡ne A‡bK †Póv K‡iI g¨v‡bR Ki‡Z
cvi‡Qb bv| Avcwb e¯¿gš¿x Avjxg mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i G e¨vcv‡i
GKUv e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z cv‡ib|Õ
110
†bvgvbx fvB Avgv‡K ej‡jbÑ ÔAvwg †Zv mivmwi G e¨vcv‡i wKQz ej‡Z cvie
bv| Z‡e wWAvBwR mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ gš¿xi mivmwi mv¶v‡Zi e¨e¯’v K‡i †`e|Õ
†bvgvbx fvB Zvi K_v †i‡LwQ‡jb| wWAvBwR mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ Avjxg mv‡n‡ei
mv¶vr nq Ges mgm¨vi AvswkK mgvavbI n‡qwQj| mv¶v‡Zi ci wWAvBwR
mv‡ne Avgv‡K G‡m e‡jwQ‡jb- ÔAvjxg mv‡ne Avcbvi K_v e‡jwQ‡jb|
†Kvb iKg wbivk n‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|Õ Avjxg mv‡n‡ei Dw³¸‡jv cybive„wË
K‡i e‡jb- ÔAvgiv Avwgb‡`i fywjwb| Zv‡`i †ei K‡i Avbv Avgv‡`i
ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡| gš¿xZ¡ Avgiv †c‡qwQ wVKB wKš‘ ¶gZv GLbI bvMv‡ji
evB‡i| GLbI A‡bK wKQz Avgiv Ki‡Z cviwQ bv| hvB †nvK, GKw`b
Avgiv Avwgb‡`i KvivMvi †_‡K †ei K‡i AvbeB|Õ
cuPvˇii AvM÷ wec­‡ei ci †cÖwm‡W›U L›`Kvi †gvkZvK GKvˇii `vjvj
AvBb I Zrmswk­ó AvBbmg~n‡K KvjvKvbyb e‡j †NvlYv w`‡jI GKUv eQi
†cwi‡q †Mj A_P ZLbI †mme AvB‡bi AvIZvq KvivMv‡i i‡q‡Q nvRvi
nvRvi gvbyl| evB‡iI G wb‡q †Kvb Av‡›`vjb M‡o DV‡Q bv| G e¨vcviUv
msMVb‡K Rvwb‡qwQ eûevi| Qe‡ii bwmnZ Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb Reve Zv‡`i
KvQ †_‡K cvBwb| KvivMv‡i Avwgmn nvRvi nvRvi gvby‡li `ytmn `y`©kv
evB‡ii gy³ AvKv‡ki wb‡P `uvwo‡q AuvP Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avgv‡`i bvwfk¦vm
D‡V‡Q| Avgiv gwiqv n‡q DVwQ| bvov w`‡Z †P‡qwQ gvbeZvev`x
ms‡e`bkxj gvbyl¸‡jvi Aš—i| Abkb ag©N‡Ui wm×vš— wb‡qwQ| Kviv
KZ…©c¶‡K c‡bi w`b Av‡M Rvwb‡q w`‡qwQ Avgv‡`i `vex, Avgv‡`i wm×vš—|
Avgv‡`i G wm×v‡š—i K_v msMVb‡KI Rvwb‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| msMVb G
e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i †Kvb cÖwZwµqv e¨³ Kij bv|
wbw`©ó w`b mgvMZ| KZ…©c¶ Avgv‡`i `vexi Reve bv w`‡q Abkb †_‡K
weiZ ivLvi †Póv Ki‡jb h‡_ó| wKš‘ Avgiv Avgv‡`i wm×v‡š— Abo| wbw`©ó
w`‡b Avgv‡`i cwiKíbv gZ KvjvKvby‡bi AvIZvfy³ kZ kZ gvbyl XvKv
†K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i Abkb ïi“ Kij|
Av‡Mi w`b iv‡Î †jvK gvidZ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi m`i `dZ‡i Ges
gymwjg jxM †bZ…e›„ `‡K G K_v Rvwb‡q †`qv n‡qwQj| Abkb ïi“ n‡jI
Zv‡`i †Kvb cÖwZwµqv A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb D‡`¨vM cwijw¶Z nqwb| GKwU w`b
111
†Mj, `yÕw`b †Mj, Zv m‡Ë¡I cÎ-cwÎKvq †Kvb Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡jv bv|
mggbv ivR‰bwZK msMVb A_ev gvbevwaKvi ms¯’v‡K D”PwKZ n‡Z †`Ljvg
bv| eySjvg, Avgv‡`i msMVb GKUv Kg‡c­‡· fyM‡Q| Zviv Kv‡iv mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM i¶v K‡iwb GgbwK cÎ-cwÎKv I cÖPvi gva¨gmg~‡ni mv‡_
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i †Kvb ¸i“Z¡ †`qwb| `ytL nj Zv‡`i ms‡e`bkxjZv I
mggwg©Zvi Afve †`‡L, Zv‡`i AgvbweK `„wóf½x ¶gvi A‡hvM¨ g‡b n‡jv|
ivRbxwZK‡`i Z_vKw_Z AYk‡bi fwbZv bq, `yw`‡bi mwZ¨Kvi Abk‡b
Avgv‡`i mevB †bwZ‡q coj| †bwZ‡q cojvg Avwg wb‡RI| Abkb Zey
Pj‡Q| G‡K G‡K Avwgmn †bwZ‡q cov ag©NUx‡`i †bqv n‡jv nvmcvZv‡j|
†mLv‡b m¨vjvBb w`‡q ZvRv Kivi Rb¨ Wv³vi Zvi cÖqvm Ae¨vnZ ivL‡jb|
Kviv KZ…©c¶ Avgvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Abkb †_‡K weiZ nIqvi K_v
ej‡jb| Ges Iqv`v Ki‡jb G e¨vcv‡i miKv‡ii mv‡_ Nwbô †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
gva¨‡g mgm¨vi myivnv Kivi D‡`¨vM wb‡eb| AviI GKw`b †cwi‡q †Mj|
evievi Kviv KZ…©c‡¶i mg‡e`bvg~jK Av‡e`b I Iqv`vi †cÖw¶‡Z Zv‡`i‡K
GKgvm AviI mgq w`‡q Abkb f½ Kijvg|
Gici msMV‡bi cÖwZ Avgvi weiƒc aviYv R‡b¥| Avgvi fq¼i gvbwmK
cÖwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i msMV‡bi cÖavb Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg mv‡ne‡K wPwV
wjwL| Zv‡K Avwg GZKvj g‡b KiZvg- AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq| Avgv‡`i GB
msK‡U Zvi Ges msMV‡bi ¯’wei `„wóf½x Avgv‡K gg©vnZ K‡i| Avgvi wPwVi
cÖwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i wZwb Zvi Reve I Zvi mv‡_ GKwU d‡Zvqv KvivMv‡i
Avgvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q †`b| wb‡P Zvi Abywjwc DׄZ n‡jv|
112
 27 mdi, 1400 wnt
17 Rvbyqvix, 1980
†mœ‡ni Avwgb,
IqvjvBKzg mvjvg Iqv ivngvZzj­vn| KvivMvi †_‡K †Zvgvi 19 †gvniig
Zvwi‡L †jLv wPwV h_vmg‡q †c‡qwQ|
`xN©w`b e× AvenvIqvq Rxeb KvUv‡bvi hš¿Yv †h KZ †ekx Zv mn‡R
Aby‡gq| hy‡M hy‡M nKcš’xiv evwZ‡ji nv‡Z Ggwb K‡i wbh©vwZZ n‡q‡Qb|
evwZj Zvi mKj kw³ w`‡q nK‡K ¯—ä K‡i †`qvi Ac‡Póv Pvwj‡q‡Q|
cwi‡k‡l evwZj civf~Z n‡q‡Q, nK weRqx n‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv †h gnvb Øx‡bi
LvwZ‡i `xN©w`b hver Kviv †fvM Ki‡Qv Zv e„_v hv‡e bv BbkvAvj­vn|
†Zvgiv Abkb cvj‡bi e¨vcv‡i †h civgk© †P‡qQ †m m¤ú‡K© Mfxifv‡e wPš—v
K‡i †`‡LwQ- †h‡nZz e¨vcviwU LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ZvB G wel‡q kixqZx dvqmvjv
Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRb †eva K‡i Avgv‡`i Øxwb mv_x‡`i KwZcq n°vbx Av‡j‡gi
mv‡_ civgk© K‡iwQ| Zv‡`i gZvgZ GB wPwVi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡jv| Avkv Kwi
GwU‡K Øxwb dvqmvjv g‡b K‡i †Zvgiv wm×vš— †b‡e|
AvBbMZ c‡_ †Póv GLbI †h‡nZz †kl nqwb- ZvB GLwb †Kvb Pigcš’vi
K_v wPš—v Kiv wVK n‡e bv| Avj­vni Ici ZvIqv°zj K‡i Qie Aej¤^b
K‡iv| †`Lv hvK AvBbMZ cš’vq †Póv K‡i wKQz Kiv hvq wKbv| Avwg Avkv
KiwQ Avj­vn Aek¨B GKUv fvj dvqmvjv Ki‡eb| Avgvi e¨vcv‡i miKvwi
g‡bvfve c~e©er i‡q‡Q e‡j †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Rvov‡jv †Kvb e³e¨ ivLv ev
†Póv Kivi c‡_ Amyweav h‡_ó| wewfbœfv‡e †h †Póv Pj‡Q Avkv Kwi Zv
djcÖm~ n‡e Ges Avj­vn gy³fv‡e Zvi Øx‡bi †L`gZ Kivi my‡hvM †Zvgv‡`i
†`‡eb|
†Zvgvi mv_x‡`i wbKU Avgvi mvjvg|
†Zvgv‡`i wnZvKv•Lx
†Mvjvg Avhg
113
Avj RIqve
Ò†h †Kvb wec` Avc` ev msK‡U c‡o g„Zz¨ Kvgbv Kiv wKsev Ggb †Kvb c_
I cš’v Aej¤^b Kiv, hvi d‡j g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i †Zgb KvR Kiv
kixq‡Z nvivg| ZvB `vjvj AvB‡b mvRv cÖvwßi cÖwZev‡` EaŸ©Zb Av`vj‡Z
Avcxj Kivi my‡hvM MÖnY Kiv DwPZ| GLb hw` Avcx‡ji my‡hvM bv _v‡K
Z‡e `vjvj AvBb evwZj Kivi †cÖw¶‡Z D³ AvB‡b mvRvcÖvß K‡q`x‡`i
webvk‡Z© gyw³ `v‡bi Rb¨ Ges D³ AvB‡bi wfwˇZ `v‡qiK…Z hveZxq
gvgjv evwZj Kivi `vex‡Z MYAv‡›`vjb KivB DËg cš’v| GRb¨ AvgiY
Abkb ïi“ Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó
wKš‘ cÖkœ n‡jv, Abkb ïi“ Kivi c‡bi w`b Av‡M Rvbv‡bv m‡Ë¡I msMV‡bi
wm×vš— I wb‡`©kbv Abkb ïi“ nevi Av‡M †Kb Avgvi Kv‡Q †cuŠQj bv?
†Kv_vq wKfv‡e GUv dvBjew›` n‡q _vKj?
¶gZvmxb n‡j RvZxq mgm¨v¸‡jv wK Ggwbfv‡e dvBjew›` n‡q wejvc
Ki‡e? Rvgvqv‡Zi AvbyôvwbKZv RvgvqvZ‡K cÖMwZi c_ †_‡K mwi‡q
¯’weiZvi Ave‡Z© wb‡¶c Ki‡Q| GKvˇii wech©‡qi c‡iI msMV‡bi Ggb
RoZv ˆec­weK †PZbvm¤úbœ gvbyl‡K weeªZ Ki‡Q| msMV‡bi nvZ cv †Kv_vq
†hb wkKj w`‡q euvav|
†Kvb e¨vcv‡i mZK© c`‡¶c †bqv fvj| wKš‘ Gi A_© G bq †h GKUv
evox‡Z Av¸b †j‡M‡Q †mUv †bfv‡bvi e¨e¯’v bv K‡i gRwj‡k k~ivi A‡c¶v
Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kvbw`K †_‡K wKfv‡e Av¸b Gj? Kviv Av¸b jvMvj? Gi Aš—
©wbwnZ Zvrch© wK? G Av¸b †bfv‡bvi dwRjZ wK? Gme wb‡q M‡elYv K‡i
mg‡qi AcPq Kiv GKUv MwZkxj msMV‡bi Rb¨ KZLvwb m½Z Avgvi Rvbv
†bB| A_P RvgvqvZ wewae× wbq‡g GgbwU K‡i _v‡K| Iw`‡K Av¸‡b R¡‡j
cy‡o me †kl|
114

mvZ
Avgvi g‡a¨ †QvU †ejv †_‡KB weivR KiwQj AbymwÜrmv| Avi G Kvi‡YB
¯^vfvweK wbq‡g Avgvi g‡a¨ DËg cvVvf¨vm M‡o I‡V| Avwg g‡b KiZvg
¯‹zj K‡j‡R QKeuvav wbq‡gi cvV †_‡K gvbyl wWMÖxavix n‡Z cv‡i wVKB wKš‘
cÖK…Z Ávbx n‡Z cv‡i bv| wbqgbxwZi evB‡i †_‡K we‡kl cvVvf¨v‡mi Øviv
Áv‡bi wewPÎ fvÊvi †_‡K Ges Ávbx gnvÁvbx‡`i AwfÁZvi mgvnvi eB cy¯—
K †_‡K Ávb AvniY Ki‡Z n‡e| G wek¦v‡mi cÖvavb¨ Avgvi g‡a¨ AZ¨š—
†ekx _vKvi Rb¨ wWMÖx †bqvi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi †Zgb AvMÖn wQj bv| Z‡e eB
coZvg cÖPzi| eB covi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi †Zgb evQ wePvi wQj bv| Bmjv‡gi
wewfbœ w`‡Ki Ici fvj †jL‡Ki †Kvb eB †c‡j Aek¨B †mUv coZvg|
KvivMv‡ii jvB‡eªwi‡Z mgq KvUv‡Z Avgvi fvj jvMZ|
KvivMvi †_‡K cix¶v †`qvi Rb¨ Avgvi †Zgb B‡”Q wQj bv| Rxe‡bi
cÖ‡qvR‡b wWMÖxi ¸i“Z¡ _vK‡jI †Kvbw`b †mUv Avgvi †Kvb Kv‡R jvM‡e e‡j
g‡b KiZvg bv| Pwj­k eQi KvivMv‡i KvwU‡q gy³v½‡b G‡m wWMÖx Avgvi
†Kvb cÖ‡qvR‡b Avm‡e bv †mUv Avwg fvj K‡iB RvbZvg| Gi †P‡q fvj
wbZ¨ bZzb eB cyuw_i cvZvq cvZvq †PvL eywj‡q Áv‡bi A`g¨ wccvmv wbeviY
Kiv|
wWMÖx cix¶vi 6 gvm evKx| cix¶vq Ask †bqvi Rb¨ Avgvi PvPv L›`Kvi
Gg BmgvCj, fvB Wv³vi Gwe wmwÏK (c~e© ivqcyiv) Ges Avgvi
ïfvKv•¶xiv `vi“Yfv‡e Pvc w`‡jb| Avwg G e¨vcv‡i Drmvnx bv n‡jI
Zv‡`i Pv‡ci gy‡L ivRx njvg| G e¨vcv‡i Kvivm½x‡`i g‡a¨ mePvB‡Z †ekx
mn‡hvwMZv w`‡q‡Qb nvwdR fvB (Puv`cyi), kvgmyj Avjg, Avwbmy¾vgvb (nvUz
fv½v)| evB‡i †_‡K mePvB‡Z †ekx mn‡hvMxZv w`‡q‡Qb AvwRgcy‡ii gyn¤§`
dvi“K Ges gv‡jK fvB| GB `yÕRbB Avgvi Aš—nxb AÜKv‡i Av‡jvi `y‡Uv
we›`y| GB `y‡Uv we›`yi cÖZ¨vkvq cÖwZwU gyn~Z© Z…òvZ© n‡q KvUvZvg| GivB
wQ‡jb evB‡ii RMZ Ges msMV‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi mve©¶wYK †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
115
m~Î| Giv eq‡m Avgvi †QvU n‡jI Avgvi Ici mw`”QvB Pvwc‡q w`‡q‡Qb
A‡bK F‡Yi †evSv hv †Kvbw`b †Kvbfv‡e Avwg cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cvie bv|
Avgvi Ges Avgvi gZ A‡b‡Ki fvebv gv_vq wb‡q Zviv `yÕRb wWMÖx wb‡Z
cv‡ibwb| †jLvcovq Zv‡`i mdj AMÖhvÎv e¨vnZ n‡q‡Q| myKvš—i fvlvq,
Zviv †hb †mB evwZIqvjv, cÖwZw`b c‡_ c‡_ †h `xc †R¡‡j †d‡i| A_P
Zvi N‡i RgvU †eu‡a _v‡K `ytmn AÜKvi|
h_vmgq cix¶v w`jvg| Avgvi Abxnvi Kvi‡Y cÖ¯‘wZ †Zgb nqwb| ïay wKQz
gvby‡li K_v ivLvi Rb¨ cix¶v w`jvg| KvivMvi †_‡K Avgiv cÖvq 70/80
Rb cix¶v w`jvg| h_vwbq‡g cix¶vi †iRvëI †ei“j| cix¶v_x©‡`i g‡a¨
me©‡gvU cvk Kij 5 Rb| †mŠfvM¨µ‡g GB cuvPR‡bi GKRb AvwgI| hv
PvBwb, †mUv mxgvnxb Ae‡njvi g‡a¨I Avgvi nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq G‡m †Mj| A_P
†hRb¨ Avgvi mvabv, Avgvi Ae¨vnZ msMÖvg, Avgvi Aš—nxb †Kvievbx, †mUv
AvRI i‡q †Mj Avgvi bvMv‡ji evB‡i| Gme †`‡L bRi“‡ji †mB Mv‡bi
Kwj evi evi g‡b c‡o : Ô†LwjQ G wek¦ j‡q weivU wkï Avbg‡b|Õ meB †hb
Zvi B”Qv| msMÖv‡g mvdj¨ Avi e¨_©Zvi gvwjK Avj­vn| Avgv‡`i KvR
ïaygvÎ Zvi wb‡`©‡ki AvbyMZ¨ Kiv&
GKvš— AvcbRb Avgvi gv-Gi B‡š—Kvj Avgv‡K `vi“Yfv‡e AvnZ K‡i|
hw`I Rvwb meB Avj­vni B”Qv Zey Amnvq‡Z¡i AÜKvi Avgv‡K MÖvm KiwQj|
GZw`b g‡b nZ Avgvi me Av‡Q| Avgvi Rb¨ gv wf‡U-gvwU mnvq-m¤^j
mewKQz AvM‡j A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb| Avgvi GKvKx‡Z¡i Pvc kix‡ii IciI
co‡Z _v‡K| G QvovI G‡K G‡K KvivMv‡ii mv_xiv we`v‡qi d‡j mewKQz
fy‡j _vKvi weKí c_¸‡jv i“× n‡Z _v‡K| Iw`‡K KvivMv‡i AvIqvgx jxM
I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv msNe× n‡q Avgvi Ici I Avgvi wKQz mn‡hvMxi Ici
Zv‡`i cyiv‡bv gvigy‡Lv d¨vwm÷ Kvq`vi gnov Avgv‡K fq¼i weeªZ K‡i
†Zv‡j| me wgwj‡q Avgvi ˆa‡h© dvUj a‡i, `ytmvnm wkw_j n‡q Av‡m; KviY
AvwgI gvbyl| gvbweK `ye©jZvi E‡aŸ© †Zv bB| GKUv gvbyl G‡Ki ci GK
KZ So SÅv mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i? Avwg Amy¯’ n‡q cwo| cÖ_gZ KvivMv‡ii
Wv³vi Avgvi wPwKrmvi `vwqZ¡ †bb| wKš‘ Ae¯’vi DbœwZ bv nIqvq Avgv‡K
wgU‡dvW© †gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j cvVvb nq| GLv‡b †gwWwm‡bi
116
Aa¨vcK IqvwjDj­vni `vwq‡Z¡ Avgvi wPwKrmv ïi“ nq| nvmcvZv‡j 12bs
†Kwe‡b Avgv‡K ivLv nq| 12 Rb cywjk Avgvi Rb¨ wb‡qvwRZ nq|
cvjvµ‡g 4 Rb cywj‡ki mve©¶wYK cÖnivq Avgv‡K †Kwe‡b Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z
n‡Zv| cÖ_g w`‡K cywj‡ki AvPiY‡K wN‡i mgv‡jvPbvi gZ wKQz N‡Uwb|
Zviv m¤¢eZ Avgvi Kv‡Q †_‡K Dr‡Kv‡Pi PjwZ cwifvlv eKwkm cÖZ¨vkv
KiwQj| K‡qKw`b Zviv wb‡f©Rvj e¨envi †`wL‡q hLb Avgvi KvQ †_‡K
mvov cvqwb| ZLb Zviv wewfbœ Kjv‡KŠk‡j Avgvi Ici gvbwmK Pvc cÖ‡qvM
Kivi †Póv K‡i| Avgvi nv‡Z n¨vÛKvd civ‡bv nq| Avgvi mv‡_ †KD
mv¶vr Ki‡Z G‡j cywj‡kiv weiƒc cÖwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i| G wb‡q Zv‡`i mv‡_
DËß ePmv nq| Avwg ejjvg- ÔAvcbviv Rv‡bb Avwg K¬vwmdvBW wcÖRbvi|
Avgvi nv‡Z †eox †Kvb g‡Z civ‡Z cv‡ib bv| GUv cwi‡q ivLvi m½Z †Kvb
KviY †bB| Ab_©K gvSLv‡b Amyweavq co‡eb| ZvQvov Avcbv‡`i Awdmvi
Avgv‡K fvjfv‡eB Rv‡bb| Dci †_‡K †Kvb wb‡`©k _vK‡j ZvI e‡jb|
Avi hw` Avcbv‡`i wb‡R‡`i wm×vš— nq Zvn‡j Awdmvi‡`i civgk© wbb|Õ
Avgvi K_v¸‡jv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb cÖwZwµqvi m„wó Kij e‡j g‡b n‡jv bv|
cywjk‡`i GKRb wQj bvgUv wVK g‡b †bB, †m †jvKB Zvi Ab¨vb¨ mn‡hvMx
cywjk‡`i cÖ‡ivwPZ K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b Zvi g‡a¨ †h wRwbm KvR K‡i‡Q Zv
n‡jv, Zv‡`i †mB GKvˇii Db¥v`bv| †mB Avw`g Av‡µvk Zv‡`i g‡a¨
R‡g _vKvi Kvi‡Y Avgvi e³e¨¸‡jv Zvi g‡b AvQi K‡iwb|
msMV‡bi c¶ †_‡K cÖ_g w`‡K †K Gg gÄyi Gjvnx Ges G †K Gg
mwdDj­vn fvB- c‡i KvivMv‡i hviv wjqv‡Ruv ivL‡Zb †mB †gvt dvi“K I
Avãyj gv‡jK fvB †Kwe‡b Avgvi Ae¯’v †`‡L hvevi ci wewfbœ gn‡j
†hvMv‡hvM ïi“ K‡ib| ZLb gv÷vi kwdKzj­vn Ggwc j²xcyi, gIjvbv
Avey`i inxg mv‡ne Ggwc| wZwb gš¿xch©v‡q we‡kl K‡i Avjxg mv‡ne,
¯^ivóªgš¿x †gv¯—vwdRyi ingvb I Dc-¯^ivóªgš¿x Aa¨vcK mvjvg mv‡n‡ei mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM K‡ib| †gvbÕ‡qg Lv‡bi RvgvZv, weGbwc †bZv Rvnv½xi †gvnv¤§`
Av‡`j Ggwc, bvRgyj û`v Ggwc (†gv‡gbkvnx) Zrci n‡q D‡Vb
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e| Zviv _vbvq †Uwj‡dvb K‡i Ri“ixwfwˇZ e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi K_v
e‡jb| Zviv †Uwj‡dvb K‡ib wWAvBwR mv‡n‡ei Kv‡QI|
117
B‡Zvg‡a¨ e¯¿gš¿x Avjxg mv‡ne Ges Dc-¯^ivóªgš¿x Aa¨vcK mvjvg mv‡n‡ei
†Uwj‡dvb G‡m covq wWAvBwR mv‡ne `vi“Yfv‡e Zrci n‡q I‡Vb|
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e †WcywU †Rjvi I mv‡R©›U‡K †cÖiYKi‡jb e¨vcviUv myivnv
Kivi Rb¨| Zviv cywjk‡`i Avgvi nv‡Zi n¨vÛKvd Ly‡j †`qvi K_v e‡jb|
wKš‘ cywj‡kiv †eu‡K e‡m| Zviv e‡j- ÔAvgiv Avcbv‡`i wb‡`©‡k Ly‡j w`‡Z
cvwi| wKš‘ Avmvgx cjvZK n‡j †m e¨vcv‡i `vq`vwqZ¡ Avgv‡`i _vK‡e bv|
Ges GK_v wjwLZfv‡e w`‡Z n‡e|Õ †WcywU †Rjvi Rwni mv‡ne wd‡i
†M‡jb|
Iw`‡K †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri QvÎ, Wv³vi,bvm©iv `‡j `‡j G‡m cywjk‡`i
mvg‡b Zv‡`i weiƒc cÖwZwµqv e¨³ Ki‡Z _v‡K| cy‡iv nvmcvZvjUvi
cwi‡ek DËß n‡q I‡V|
wWAvBwR mv‡ne Avi GK mv‡R©›U‡K cvwV‡q D‡j­wLZ cywj‡ki wiwjR AW©vi
Zvi nv‡Z w`‡q Aci Avi GKRb‡K Zvi Kg©¯’‡j wb‡qvM K‡ib| mv‡_ D³
cywjk‡K wWAvBwRi mvg‡b nvwRi Kiv nq| wWAvBwR G e¨vcv‡i wei³ n‡q
Zv‡K PvKywi †_‡K eiLv‡¯—i wm×vš— †bb| wKš‘ †Rjvi, mve †Rjvi‡`i
Aby‡iv‡a Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Zv‡K dwi`cyi e`jx Kiv nq|
BwZg‡a¨ Avgvi nv‡Zi †eox Ly‡j †`qv nq| wKQz¶Y ci †Kv‡Zvqvjx _vbvi
Kg©KZ©v G‡jb, GB AbvûZ cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ ¶gv PvB‡jb| ej‡jb,
Ôe¨vcviUv wb‡q hw` Avcwb Avi †ekx bvovPvov K‡ib Zvn‡j H cywjk
†ePviv‡`i PvKzwi i¶v Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| Avwg wK Avkv Ki‡Z cvwi bv †h,
Avcwb Zv‡`i‡K H †eqv`exi Rb¨ ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb?Õ
†n‡m ejjvg- ÔAvwg hv †P‡qwQjvg Zv‡Zv †c‡q †MwQ| Gici Kv‡iv Ici
Avgvi †Kvb †¶vf _vKvi K_v bq|Õ
cieZx©‡Z Av‡`j mv‡ne ¯^qs Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡jb| Kzkjvw` wewbg‡qi ci
Avgvi Avi †Kvb mgm¨v Av‡Q wKbv wRÁvmv Ki‡jb| ej‡jb- ÔKL‡bv †Kvb
Amyweav n‡j Lei w`‡eb| Avcbvi Z`wei Pj‡Q, wbivk nevi wKQz †bB|
nvmcvZvj †Kwe‡b _vKvi mgq j²xcy‡ii Ggwc gv÷vi kwdKzj­vn, nhiZ
gIjvbv b~i †gvnv¤§` wmwÏKx, gIjvbv †`jIqvi †nvmvBb mvC`x, Bmjvgx
e¨vs‡Ki WvB‡i±i Rbve, gynv¤§` BDbym fvB, Kvgi“¾vgvb fvB, QvÎ †bZv
Wv³vi Avwe`yi ingvb, Wv³vi AvjgMxi, Wv³vi `xjevnvb, mvBgy‡gi
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cwiPvjK gwZDi ingvb gwj­K Ges Qv·bZv Wvt dvËvn fvBmn AMwYZ
ïfvKv•¶x I eÜz-evÜe G‡mwQ‡jb|
gymwjg jxM †bZv Kvgi“¾vgvb Lvb (Lmi“ fvB) G‡m Avgvi mv‡_ †ek
wKQz¶Y KvUvb Ges G ch©š— Avgvi Rb¨ hv wKQz K‡i‡Qb Zvi we¯—vwiZ
weeiY †`b| wZwb Avgv‡K Avk¦vm w`‡q e‡jb- ÔAvcbvi gyw³i Rb¨ †hfv‡e
wewfbœ ch©v‡q ZrciZv Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q Zv‡Z Avkv Kwi Avcbv‡K Lye kxNÖ gy³
Ki‡Z cvie| GZUv w`b †h ˆah© wb‡q, †h wn¤§Z wb‡q KvivMv‡i Ae¯’vb
K‡i‡Qb Avwg Avkv Kie †kl ch©v‡q G‡m Avcwb wn¤§Znviv n‡eb bv|Õ
ûgvBcy‡ii †Pqvig¨vb dRjyj Kwig Lvb I Zuvi RvgvZv G‡jb Avgvi mv‡_
†`Lv K‡i gyw³i e¨vcv‡i Avk¦¯— Kivi Rb¨|
Avgvi Kv‡Q mePvB‡Z Avb‡›`i welq n‡jv- Bmjvg we‡ivax †gvP©vi j¶¨e¯‘
Avgvi wcÖq †bZv Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg G‡mwQ‡jb Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi
Rb¨| Avgvi `xN© Kvivevm I wbh©vZ‡bi BwZe„Ë Zvi Rvbv| Zey wZwb Avgvi
gyL †_‡K A‡bK wKQz †R‡b wb‡jb| BwZnvm †_‡K A‡bK `„óvš— †U‡b wZwb
Avgv‡K mvš—¡bv †`evi Ges Avk¦¯— Kivi †Póv Ki‡jb| Avj †KviAv‡bi
wewfbœ DׄwZ w`‡q wZwb Avgvi wn¤§Z‡K AviI Pv½v AviI DÏxß Kivi †Póv
Ki‡jb| `xN© Kvivevm Avi wbh©vZ‡b cwikªvš— GB gbUv Avgvi ZvRv n‡q
DVj| g‡b n‡jv Avwg Avi GKv bB| Avgvi †cQ‡b i‡q‡Q GK kw³gvb
gnvcyi“l| Avwg Avgvi †bZv‡K Avgvi Bgvg‡K Rvbvjvg- Avwg †Kvb mgq
Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖvYkw³ †_‡K `~‡i _vwKwb| †Kvb Ae¯’v‡Z †Kvb ˆbivk¨
Avgv‡K MÖvm Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GZKvj KvivMvi¸‡jv wQj evgcš’x‡`i AvLov
Ges KwgDwb÷ ˆZwii KviLvbv| nvRvi nvRvi KwgDwb÷ ‰Zwi n‡q‡Q GB
KvivMv‡i| Avgvi D‡`¨v‡M BbkvAvj­vn †m Ae¯’v Avi †bB| Avgiv wbôvi mv‡_
KvivMv‡i †mB ZrciZv Pvwj‡qwQ| Gi dj n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i AbyK’‡j| gymjgvbx
RRevZ m¤úbœ eû e›`x GLb Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆmwb‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
GKvˇii eû gyw³‡hv×v GLv‡b Avgv‡`i mv‡_, Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_
KvR Kivi e¨vcv‡i A½xKvive× nq| Avgv‡`i eû †bZvi KvivMv‡i c`PviYv
eûw`b †_‡K A_P K‡g©i GZ eo †¶Î‡K Ae‡njv K‡i‡Qb A_ev G e¨vcv‡i
†Kvb wKQz fv‡ebwb| Avwg AvBwR Ae wcÖRbm Ges wWAvBwR Ae wcÖRbm
119
mv‡ne‡`i Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡¶ mgvR Kj¨vY ms¯’vi `vwqZ¡kxj gynv¤§` BDbym
fvB-Gi mn‡hvwMZvq KvivMv‡ii jvB‡eªwi‡Z cÖPzi Bmjvgx eB I Zvdnxgyj
KziAvb Ges nv`x‡mi mgv‡ek NUv‡Z m¶g nB|
Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi g‡a¨ gvMwi‡ei bvgv‡Ri mgq n‡jv| Avgvi †Kwe‡b
Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg mv‡n‡ei BgvgwZ‡Z bvgvR Av`vq Kijvg| †Mvjvg
Avhg mv‡ne †`vqv Ki‡jb Avgv‡`i Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi wmcvnx‡`i Rb¨|
Pµvš— Avi loh‡š¿i AveZ© †_‡K, wRj­wZ Avi Aegvbbvi MÖvm †_‡K †MvUv
RvwZi gyw³i Rb¨ me©kw³gv‡bi `iev‡i ivL‡jb webxZ wb‡e`b| KwZcq
¯^v_©v‡š^lx gn‡ji Ab¨vq AbvPviRwbZ Kvi‡Y mgMÖ RvwZi Dci m¤¢ve¨
Kz`iwZ Avhve †_‡K wZwb cvbvn Pvb| Zvi cÖv‡Yi Mfxi †_‡K DrmvwiZ
†`vqvi Av‡e`b †_‡K Avgvi g‡b n‡jv- wZwb †hb †MvUv RvwZi †bZ…‡Z¡
mgvmxb| mgMÖ RvwZi fvj-g›` Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ wZwb GKvKvi| cÖvq
2 NÈv nK, Bbmvd Avi kivdZxi g~Z© cÖZxK Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg mv‡ne
Avgv‡K mvnPh© w`‡jb| wZwb Rvbv‡jb evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvgx wec­e Avmbœ| g‡b
n‡jv Bivb †_‡K D™¢yZ Bmjv‡gi wekvj Zi½ fviZ gnvmvM‡ii Ici w`‡q
e‡½vcmvM‡ii wKbv‡i G‡m AvQ‡o co‡e| Avi GB Zi½-we¶zä
gnvKj¨v‡Yi †Rvqv‡i Avgiv fvme| GB bZzb Rxeb cÖevn Avi gyw³i
Kv‡jv”Q¡v‡m GKvKvi n‡e †UKbvd †_‡K †ZZzwjqvi 10 †KvwU gvbyl| Avn,
†mB w`bwU K‡e, KLb Avgvi wVKvbv Kvivi Kcv‡U AvNvZ Ki‡e| we`vq
wb‡jb gnvcyi“l Avi †i‡L †M‡jb †ivgvÂKi Abyf~wZ|
GKw`b Avgv‡`i Avi GK †bZv I ZrKvjxb Ggwc gIjvbv Ave`yi inxg
mv‡ne‡K nvmcvZvj †_‡K †Uwj‡dvb Kijvg| K_v ïi“ n‡Z bv n‡ZB
Avgv‡K Gjvg© w`‡jb, ej‡jb- ÒK_v kU© Ki| Avgvi A‡bK KvR|Ó G‡Z
Avgvi Av‡eM AvnZ nj| ejjvg- ÔG Kvi‡YB Avwg †Uwj‡dvb Kijvg,
Avgvi Rb¨ Avcbviv †h Z`wei K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Avgvi KvQ †_‡K †Kvb wKQz
Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wK bv?Õ Rev‡e wZwb wK ej‡jb, ÔZv Avgvi g‡b †bB|Õ
Z‡e `ycy‡i Zvi evox‡Z Lvevi `vIqvZ w`‡jb|
†mw`‡bi AvnZ Abyf~wZi g‡a¨ Lyu‡R †c‡qwQjvg- Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ RbMY
†_‡K wew”Qbœ nIqvi KviY †Kv_vq? Avgv‡K †K›`ª K‡i Ggwc †_‡K gš¿x,
mvsevw`K †_‡K m¤úv`K, QvÎ †_‡K RbZvi GB †h ZrciZv, Zv Avgvi
120
cÖv‡Yi Mfx‡i Avb‡›`i ¯ú›`b RvMv‡jI Gi dj ïf nqwb| Avgvi mvgwqK
weRq n‡q‡Q nq‡Zv ev wKš‘ †h wPwKrmvi Rb¨ Avwg GB nvmcvZvj †Kwe‡b
†mUv Avi nj bv| Avgvi Rb¨ nvmcvZvj KZ…©c‡¶i wbKU evi evi
†Uwj‡dvb‡K Zviv evowZ Sv‡gjv Avi Dj‡Kv wbcxob fve‡jb| Avk¼v
Ki‡jb, Zviv Avevi †Kvb msK‡Ui †eovRv‡j AvU‡K c‡ob| AZGe
i“Mx‡K we`vq †`qv DËg| Avgv‡K `k evi w`‡bi g‡a¨ wiwjR K‡i †`qv
n‡jv| Avwg Avevi KvivMv‡i wd‡i Gjvg| kvixwiK Ae¯’vi µgvebwZ n‡Z
jvMj| Avevi KvivMv‡ii Wv³vi‡`i kiYvcbœ njvg| Wv³viiv KvivMv‡i
Avgvi mywPwKrmvi e¨vcv‡i AcviMZv e¨³ Ki‡jb| Zviv Avgv‡K †gwW‡Kj
K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j wPwKrmvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡jb| wKš‘ KvivMv‡ii wbqg Abyhvqx
nvmcvZvj †Kwe‡b _vKvi hveZxq LiP enb Ki‡Z nq i“Mx‡K| Avgvi
hveZxq LiP Avgv‡`i msMVb enb Ki‡Z _vKj| †gwWwm‡bi †nW, Aa¨vcK
Wvt BDmyd Avjx mv‡n‡ei ZË¡veav‡b Avgvi wPwKrmv ïi“ n‡jv| GLv‡b
h_vwbq‡g cvjvµ‡g 2 Rb K‡i †gvU 6 Rb cywjk Avgv‡K cvnviv w`‡q
ivLZ| Av‡Mi gZ GLv‡b Avi cywjkx wbh©vZb †bB wKš‘ wfbœagx© wbh©vZ‡bi
Av‡qvRb D‡`¨vM Pj‡Z jvMj| wbh©vZ‡bi †Z‡jmgvwZ hv GKvˇi ïi“
n‡q‡Q Zvi †hb †kl †bB| GKvˇi Avgv‡`i ivR‰bwZK `k©‡bi cUf~wg‡Z
fyj ï× hv wKQz K‡i _vwK bv †Kb †mB †d‡j Avmv w`b¸‡jv‡K Iiv Avgv‡`i
wKQz‡ZB fyj‡Z w`‡e bv| 10 eQ‡ii e¨eav‡bI bZzb cÖZ¨vkv bZzb †PZbvi
Av‡jv‡K bZzb gwćji w`‡K GwM‡q Pjvi D‡`¨vM wb‡jI we‡kl we‡kl gnj
GKvˇii LyuwU‡Z Avgv‡`i cv-¸‡jv †eu‡a ivL‡Z Pvq| Ô†jwKb K¤^j †bwn
†QvoZvÕ Avgiv †hb GgbGK Ae¯’vq i‡qwQ| evgcš’x †bZv I AvIqvgx jxM
†bZvi †Uwj‡dvb Avm‡Z jvMj Wvt BDmyd Avjxi Kv‡Q| Zv‡`i mevi GKB
cÖk-œ Avje`‡ii KgvÊvi‡K nvmcvZv‡j †cvlv n‡”Q †Kb? KvivMv‡ii AÜ
cÖ‡Kv‡ô hvi wVKvbv Zv‡K †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri †Kwe‡b †Kb Ggb hZœ-AvwËi
g‡a¨ ivLv n‡q‡Q, GUvB Zv‡`i cÖkœ| evi evi ejv n‡”Q- Zv‡K KvivMv‡i
cvwV‡q w`b| cÖ‡dmi BDmyd mv‡ne ïaygvÎ e‡j‡Qb- ÔAvwg Wv³vi, Avwgb
mv‡ne Avgvi i“Mx| †K Avje`i, †K ivRvKvi, †K gyw³‡dŠR, †K mš¿vmev`x
†mUv Avgvi †`Lvi welq bq| †mUv †`L‡e Av`vjZ A_ev cÖkvmb| Avwg
†`Le i“Mx| †Kvb ûgwK A_ev †Kvb cÖfve Avgvi `vwqZ¡ †_‡K Avgv‡K weiZ
ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv|Õ
121
Avgvi cv‡ki †Kweb¸‡jv‡Z wQ‡jb Kv‡`i wmwÏKxi eo fvB jwZd wmwÏKx,
dYxf~lY gRyg`vi, kªwgK jx‡Mi eRjyi ingvb (cvebv), KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i
Kg‡iW dinv` Ges gymwjg jx‡Mi Ggwc Beªvnxg Lwjj| G‡`i g‡a¨ jwZd
wmwÏKx I dYxf~lY gRyg`vi evB‡ii lohš¿Kvix‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM i¶v
Ki‡Zb| Avgvi †hb nvmcvZv‡j wVKgZ wPwKrmv bv nq †mRb¨ nvmcvZvj
KZ…©c‡¶i Ici Pvc, ûgwK cÖ`v‡bi e¨vcv‡i H `yÕR‡bi h‡_ó f~wgKv wQj|
wKš‘ dinv` fvB I kªwgK †bZv eRjyi ingv‡bi f~wgKv wQj wbwj©ß|
Wvt †Mvdivb, Wvt G‡K Gg †Lvi‡k` Avjg, Wvt kIKZ, Wvt bRi“j,
Wvt miKvi gynv¤§` mvBdzj Bmjvg I Wvt b~i“j Bmjvg m`©vi Wvt Gbvg,
Wvt `xj evnvi mZK© `„wó ivL‡Zb| †Kvb gvbwmK fxwZ Avgv‡K MÖvm Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb| †Kbbv nvmcvZv‡ji mg¯— Wv³vi, bvm©, GgbwK †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri
Qv·bZv Bw`ªm Avjx, QvÎ †bZv Wvt Gg AvB dvi“Kx, Wvt nvwdR fvB I
Ab¨vb¨ QvÎiv we‡kl mnvbyf~wZ wb‡q †Pv‡L †Pv‡L ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Zb| G
Kvi‡Y evB‡ii †Kvb nvgjvi fq Avwg AZUv KiZvg bv|
Z‡e †hw`b wRqvDi ingv‡bi g„Zz¨ nq †m w`bUv D‡Ø‡Mi g‡a¨ †K‡U‡Q|
`yÕRb gvÎ cÖnix| cÖkvm‡b wkw_j Ae¯’v weivR KiwQj me©Î| G Qvov
msMV‡bi Zid †_‡KI †KD †mw`b †hvMv‡hvM i¶v K‡iwb| G‡Z GKUz
wePwjZ n‡q DwV| cÖwZc‡¶i †Kvb MÖ“c Avgv‡K AvNvZ nvb‡Z PvB‡j
†mw`bwU wQj Zv‡`i Rb¨ DËg mgq|
hv †nvK, hye gymwjg jxM †bZv Beªvwng Lwjj (Ggwc) K¨vÝvi †iv‡Mi
wPwKrmv‡_© Ryb Õ81-i cÖ_gw`‡K †Kvb GKw`b nvmcvZvj †Kwe‡b fwZ© nb|
Avgvi wcÖRb †Kweb †_‡K GKUz `~‡i jwZd wmwÏKxi †Kew‡bi `w¶Y cv‡k
wQj Zvi †Kweb| Zvi mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡Z Ges Zvi Amy¯’Zvi †LvR Lei
wb‡Z Zvi Kv‡Q Qz‡U wM‡qwQ| ZvQvov mggbv nIqvq Ges Aš—‡ii Uv‡b
mv¶vr Ri“ix g‡b K‡iwQjvg| Avgvi cwiPq ej‡j wZwb AwZ Avš—wiKZvi
mv‡_ Avgvi m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi AvMÖn †`Lvb| Zvi Amy¯’Zv Ges †ivMRwbZ
K‡ói K_v wPš—v K‡i Avgvi BwZweË ms‡¶‡c Zv‡K Rvbvjvg| †mB †_‡K
wbqwgZ Zvi †Kwe‡b hvIqv Avmv, K_v-evZ©v Pj‡Z _v‡K| G mgq Zvi
cwie‡ii m`m¨eM© Ges Beªvwng fvB‡qi mnag©xbx gwnqlx fvexmn gymwjg
122
jxM †bZv‡`i mv‡_ †`Lv n‡Zv Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avjvc cwiPq NU‡Zv|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ Beªvnxg Lwjj fvB‡qi ¯^v‡¯’¨i AebwZ n‡j Zv‡K DbœZ wPwKrmvi
Rb¨ miKvi jÛ‡b †cÖiY K‡i| hvIqvi mgq Avgvi wcÖRb †Kwe‡b †mB
gwnqlx fvex we`vq I †`vqv wb‡Z G‡m Kvbœvq †f‡½ c‡ob| †mw`‡bi †m
Kvbœvi `„k¨ AvRI Avgvi Aš—‡i †``xc¨gvb| GKw`b cwÎKvq †`Ljvg
Beªvnxg Lwjj mv‡ne Avi †eu‡P †bB| jÛ‡bi nvmcvZv‡j wZwb 25/26 Ryb
Õ81 ZvwiL m¤¢veZ wZwb gviv hvb| A¼z‡iB GK m¤¢vebvgq †bZvi
Rxebvemv‡b Avwg `vi“Yfv‡e gg©vnZ n‡qwQjvg|
ZLbI Avwg wcÖRb †Kwe‡bB i‡qwQ| Z‡e wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B gyw³ cv‡ev-
GiKg GKwU cªZ¨vkvq cÖni ¸YwQ| AZtci †mB Kvw•¶Z gyw³i ci mgq
K‡i Beªvwng fvB‡qi cwiev‡ii m`m¨e‡M©i mv‡_ †`Lv Kwi| fvex I
mš—vb‡`i mvjvgZ Kvgbv K‡i P‡j Avwm|
G‡K G‡K 7Uv gvm Avwg nvmcvZv‡j KvUvjvg| G KÕUv gvm Wvt BDmy‡di
†mœn Avi ggZ¡‡ev‡ai †eov †hb Avgvi Pvwiw`‡K wbivcËvi †eóbx m„wó K‡i
†i‡LwQj| g‡b n‡qwQj GB nvmcvZvjUv Avgvi Rb¨ mePvB‡Z wbivc`
Avkªq| Aa¨vcK BDmyd Avjx mv‡ne Avgv‡K ej‡Zb- Ô†Zvgv‡`i msMVb‡K
Zrci n‡Z e‡jv| ZvovZvwo †Zvgvi gyw³i e¨e¯’v Ki“K|Õ wZwb PvB‡Zb bv
Avwg Avevi KvivMv‡i AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô wd‡i hvB| wZwb Ab¨vb¨ mn‡hvMx
Wv³vi‡`i ej‡Zb- ÔAvwgb‡K Avgvi G Rb¨ fvj jv‡M †h Zvi g‡a¨ ivL
Xv‡Ki †Kvb cÖqvm †bB|Õ
Aa¨vcK BDmyd wn›`y¯—vb †_‡K wnRiZ K‡i G‡m‡Qb| wn›`y gvbwmKZv
m¤^‡Ü Avgv‡`i †P‡qI A‡bK †ekx wZwb m‡PZb| GKvˇi Avgv‡`i cÖwZ
wn›`y¯—v‡bi D”Q¡wmZ `i‡`i Aš—iv‡j Kx Mfxi lohš¿ wQj †mUv Zvi gZ weÁ
†jv‡Ki AÁvZ _vKvi K_v bq|
GKvˇi Avgv‡`i f~wgKvq wK Mfxi †`k‡cÖg, wK wbweo RvZxq Abf~wZ
jywK‡q wQj †mUv wKQzmsL¨K lohš¿Kvix cwiw¯’wZi `ye©j ch©‡e¶K‡`i g‡b
`vM KvU‡Z m¶g bv n‡jI m‡PZb gvbyl¸‡jv wVKB Abyfe Ki‡Zv| Wv³vi
123
BDmyd †Zgwb mZK© gvbyl wQ‡jb| G Kvi‡Y Avgvi cÖwZ Zvi `i` wQj
Acwimxg|
Avwg †gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j _vKv Ae¯’vq Rvb‡Z cvijvg Avgvi gyw³i
w`b Avmbœ| †Kbbv †cÖwm‡W›U mvËvi C` Dcj‡¶ 6 Rb ivRe›`xi gyw³
†NvlYv †`b Zvi g‡a¨ i‡qwQ AvwgI| Avgvi mv‡_ Avi hviv wQ‡jb Zviv
mevB gy³ n‡jI Avwg gy³ n‡Z cvijvg bv| †Kbbv ZLbI Avgvi Av‡iv wKQz
gvgjv i‡q †M‡Q Szjš— Ae¯’vq|
†kl w`‡K G‡m Avgvi `jxq †bZ…e„‡›`i weiƒc cÖwZwµqv j¶¨ Kijvg|
GZw`b †Kwe‡b _vKvi e¨vcv‡i msMVb D`vifv‡e mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv K‡i
G‡m‡Q| gyw³i wKQzw`b Av‡M `‡ji mgvRKj¨vY wefv‡Mi `vwqZ¡kxj,
Bmjvgx e¨vs‡Ki WvB‡i±i gynv¤§` BDbym fvB Avgv‡K Lei cvVv‡jb †h
AwZ mZ¡i gyw³i e¨vcv‡i Avwg †Kvb e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j msMV‡bi we‡kl
wKQz Kivi _vK‡e bv A_©vr Avgv‡K KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e|
`ytL †cjvg GB †f‡e †h, msMVb GLbI msKxY©Zvi Ave‡Z© NyicvK Lv‡”Q|
GZw`‡b Avgvi fyjUv Avgvi Kv‡Q ¯úó n‡q DVj| Biv‡bi wec­‡ei e¨vcv‡i
Avgvi †h Dcjwä †mUv Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vZ Ki‡Z Avmv `jxq Kgx© I
†bZ…e„‡›`i Kv‡Q AKc‡U ejZvg| Biv‡bi wec­‡ei mc‡¶ Avgvi e³e¨¸‡jv
ey‡givs n‡q wd‡i Avmj Avgvi w`‡K| msMV‡bi mnvbyf~wZ I g`` `y‡UvB
Avwg nviv‡Z emjvg| G‡Z Avwg gg©vnZ nBwb †gv‡UI †Kbbv 40 eQi
Kvivev‡mi gvbwmK cÖ¯‘wZ Avgvi Gi Av‡MB †bqv wQj| Zv‡`i GB msKxY©Zv
Avi nxbgb¨Zv †`‡L gnvb Avj­vn m¤¢eZt Avovj †_‡K †n‡mwQ‡jb| Zv bv
n‡j †cÖwm‡W›U mvËvi‡K w`‡q Avgvi gvwjK Avgvi gyw³i Rb¨ †kl NyuwU
Pvjv‡jb †Kb? hvB †nvK, Avgvi Szjš— gvgjv¸‡jvi e¨vcv‡i nvmcvZv‡ji
†Kweb †_‡K Avwg wb‡RB Z`wei Kijvg| Ae‡k‡l GKvwki 26 †m‡Þ¤^i
gyw³ †cjvg|
gyw³ cvevi w`b nvmcvZv‡ji Wvt †Mvdivb, Wvt G‡K Gg †Lvi‡k` Avjg,
Wvt Gbvg, Wvt kIKZ, Wvt bRi“j Bmjvgmn K‡qKRb gwnjv Wv³vi AviI
Ab¨vb¨ Wv³viiv Avgvi GKUv we`vq m¤^a©bvi Av‡qvRb K‡ib| †mB mfvq
124
RvgvqvZ †bZv Kvgi“¾vgvb mv‡ne, Bmjvgx QvÎwkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ
Avey Zv‡ni fvB Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| Qv·bZv Wvt †gvt Bw`ªm Avjx, †gwW‡Kj
K‡j‡Ri wRGm Rbve ˆmq` Ave`yj­vn †gvnv¤§` Zv‡ni, Wvt nvwdRyi ingvb,
Wvt `xj evnvi I Ab¨vb¨ QvÎiv wg‡j Avgv‡K GKUv cviKvi Kjg Dcnvi
†`b|
GLb Avgvi we`v‡qi cvjv| gy³ c„w_exi AevwiZ Av‡jvi g‡a¨I Avwg
AÜKvi †`LwQ| †Kv_vq hv‡ev? Avgvi j¶¨ w¯’i Ki‡Z cviwQjvg bv| Aaxi
AvMÖ‡n msMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›`i cÖZ¨vkv KiwQjvg| cieZx©‡Z g‡b n‡jv, G
cÖZ¨vkv fyj| †Kbbv Avwg †Kvb evgcš’x Av‡›`vj‡bi Kgx© bB †h Avgvi
†bZv gvbwmKfv‡e PvOv Kivi Rb¨ Zvi Kgx©i wbKU Qz‡U Avm‡e| Avgv‡`i
msMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›`i g‡a¨ AveŸvmxq AvwfRv‡Z¨i cÖkœ Rwo‡q Av‡Q| Z‡e
wKQz¶‡Yi g‡a¨ GKUv Mvox G‡jv, wKš‘ †mUv msMV‡bi bq| Dc-¯^ivóªgš¿x
Aa¨vcK Ave`ym mvjvg cvwV‡q‡Qb| `ytL-my‡Li wgkª Abyf~wZ Avgv‡K MÖvm
Ki‡jv| `ytL †h msMV‡bi Kg©m~wP ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ Avgvi DÏvg †hŠe‡bi
†mvbvjx w`b¸‡jv‡Z wbijm cwikªg K‡iwQ, hv‡`i wb‡`©‡k e›`y‡Ki b‡ji
gy‡L `uvwo‡qwQ, hv‡`i j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ 10 eQi KvUvjvg KvivMv‡i, Avgvi
gyw³i w`bwU‡Z Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv K‡iI cvBwb| Avi myL- hv‡`i e¨vcv‡i
Avgvi †Kvb AvMÖn †bB, hvi mv‡_ KvivMv‡i ¶wY‡Ki Avjvc-cwiPq, †mB
ZrKvjxb Dc-¯^ivóªgš¿x Aa¨vcK mvjvg mv‡ne Avgvi Rb¨ Mvox cvwV‡q‡Qb|
wK wewPÎ g‡b n‡qwQj †mw`b| fvB gynv¤§` dvi“K mn mvjvg mv‡n‡ei
evmvq †Mjvg| Zvi wbR¯^ †jvKRb wb‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© GK mfvq e¨¯— wQ‡jb
wZwb| Zey D‡V G‡jb, G‡m Rwo‡q ai‡jb Avgv‡K| wK Avb›` †j‡MwQj
†mw`b| Zvi Af¨_©bv Avi Avc¨vqb Avgv‡K j¾v w`‡qwQj| nq‡Zv
cwi‡ekMZ msKxY© gvbwmKZv wb‡q Avwg Zvi Rb¨ AZUzKz Ki‡Z cviZvg
bv| wnZvKv•¶x wn‡m‡e wZwb Avgv‡K MvBW jvBb w`‡jb| MÖv‡gi evox‡Z bv
hvIqvi, wKQzw`b ivRbxwZ †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Ges XvKvq Ae¯’vb Kivi
Dc‡`k w`‡jb| Zvi KvQ †_‡K we`vq wb‡q Gjvg Avwg AvwRgcy‡i wkwei
†bZv gynv¤§` Gbvgyj nK fvB-Gi †g‡m| Avgvi mv‡_ wQ‡jb dvi“K I
gv‡jK fvB| GLv‡b Avwg gvm Lv‡bK Ae¯’vb Kijvg| Gbvg fvB †mLvb
125
†_‡K P‡j hvIqv‡Z GKUzLvwb mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL n‡Z n‡jv| wKš‘ Avgvi
gvwjK Avgvi Rb¨ Av‡iv my›`i e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡jb|
cÖ‡dmi Wv³vi BDmy‡di mn‡hvMx Wv³vi G †K Gg †Lvi‡k` Avjg fvB
eZ©gv‡b wZwb wcwRi mbvgab¨ cÖ‡dmi n‡q `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb| Zvi
†KvqvU©vi wd« K‡iw`‡jb Avgvi Rb¨| GLv‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg
Avhg mv‡n‡ei AbyMÖ‡n weAvBwm‡Z Avgv‡K GKUv PvKzix †`qv nq| GB
cÖwZôv‡bi cÖavb wQ‡jb Aa¨vcK bvwRi Avn¤§` mv‡ne| GLv‡b Lye †ekx w`b
G¨vWRv÷ K‡i _vK‡Z cvijvg bv| †R‡j _vKv Ae¯’vq wewfbœ gZ I c‡_i
wewfbœ †bZvi mv‡_ Avgvi cwiPq n‡qwQj| Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB Avgvi Kv‡Q
†Uwj‡dvb Ki‡Zb| hv KZ…©c¶ cQ›` Ki‡Zb bv| Avgvi AeZ©gv‡b
†Uwj‡dvbKvixiv mvaviY mبenviUzKzI †c‡Zb bv| cÖvq mevB Avgv‡K G
e¨vcv‡i Awf‡hvM K‡i‡Qb| KZ…©c‡¶i AvPvi AvPiY †_‡K Avwg eyS‡Z
cvijvg †h GLv‡b Avwg GKRb PvKzixRxex Qvov wKQzB bB| GLv‡b Avgvi
mvsMVwbK `vexI wKQz †bB| G Ae¯’vq †ewk w`b _vKv msMZ g‡b Kijvg
bv| Avj­vni c„w_ex A‡bK eo| Avwg ¯^vaxbfv‡e i“wU i“Rxi A‡š^lY Kiv
AwaKZi DËg g‡b Kijvg| mvgvb¨ cqmvi wewbg‡q KwZcq `vw¤¢K gvby‡li
Kv‡Q Avgvi ¯^vaxb mËv I mshZ we‡eK eÜK ivLv wKQz‡ZB †g‡b wb‡Z
cvijvg bv| Avwg Avi GK KvivMvi †_‡K Db¥y³ w`M‡š— Wvbv †gjjvg| G‡Z
Avgvi Kó n‡q‡Q, Zv‡ZI myL| wcwÄivq Ave× †ZvZv cvLxi gZ QK-euvav
gyL¯’ eywj Ave„wË K‡i KvUv‡bvi myL‡K Avwg N„Yv Kwi| Avwg PvB DÏvg S‡ov
nvIqvq `yiš— Wvbv †gj‡Z| Aš—‡ii Av‡eM DRvi K‡i gyw³i Mvb MvB‡Z|
Avj­vni weivU c„w_exi Avwg GKRb| Avi G mgMÖ c„w_exUv †hb Avgvi| nK
Avi Bbmv‡di `xcwkLv wb‡q GwM‡q Pjvi `ytmvnm hvi ey‡K cyÄxf~Z †m‡Zv
wewa-wb‡la Avi R¨vVvgxi †eovRv‡j wb‡R‡K AvU‡K ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| AvwgI
cvwiwb|
Kvivgyw³i ci evB‡ii Db¥y³ Av‡jv-evZv‡m G‡m Rxeb I RxweKvi w`KUv
hLb wPš—v KiZvg ZLb Avgvi mvg‡b GKivk ˆbivk¨ Qvov wKQzB †`LZvg
bv| Rxeb †_‡K Avgvi `k eQi L‡m †M‡Q| cÖMwZ †_‡K Avwg `k eQi
wcwQ‡q †MwQ| weewZ©Z ivRbxwZ I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v‡bI Avwg wfbœ †cÖ¶vc‡U|
†hb Avwg wfbœ MÖn †_‡K G‡m cv †i‡LwQ GB MwZkxj c„w_ex‡Z| Rxe‡bi
126
AuvKveuvKv c_¸‡jv Avgvi me A‡Pbv| Ggb msK‡Ui w`b¸‡jv‡Z †h †jvKwU
Avgvi nvZ a‡i GB A‡Pbv c‡_ GKcv GKcv K‡i GwM‡q wb‡q †M‡Qb wZwb
n‡jb- mv‡eK Mfb©i Ave`yj †gv‡b‡qg Lvb mv‡n‡ei cyÎ Lmi“ fvB|
eiveiB wZwb Avgv‡K ¯^vaxb Rxeb I RxweKvi K_v ej‡Zb| Lmi“ fvB Zvi
`ivR `xj wb‡q Avgvi cv‡k Av‡mb| wZwb e‡jb- ÔAvcwb †Zv Avgvi fvB|
Avwg Avcbvi cv‡k i‡qwQ|Õ
msKU DËi‡Y Avgvi GKK cÖ‡Póvi cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨‡`i mv‡_ wZwb wb‡R
†Póv Z`exi mn‡hvwMZv w`‡q ¯^vaxb A_©‰bwZK wfwË Movi e¨vcv‡i ej‡Zb
Av‡ivI ej‡Zb- ÔAvcbvi †h †Kvb cÖ‡qvR‡b Avwg i‡qwQ|Õ Ggb wK Zvi
cwiev‡ii m`m¨ n‡q Zvi M„‡n Ae¯’vb Kivi Rb¨I Avgv‡K e‡jb|
Avwg KvivMv‡i Aš—ixY _vKvKv‡j Lmi“ fvB, GW‡fv‡KU ûgvqyb fvB Ggwc
(mv‡eK) Zvi cwiev‡ii mK‡ji †bc_¨ Avš—wiKZv Avgv‡K †eób K‡iwQj|
KZ hyM Av‡M Zvi cwiev‡ii mv‡_ Avgv‡`i AvwZ¥K hyM n‡qwQj Zv ejv
gkwKj Z‡e †mB m~Î a‡i wfbœ ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’v‡b †_‡KI Lmi“ fvB
AvZ¥xq bv n‡jI Avgvi gb-gvbwmKZvq Abb¨ e¨w³Z¡ n‡q Av‡Qb|
Avgvi ¯^vaxb Rxeb hvc‡bi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvwMZvi nvZ m¤cÖmvwiZ
K‡i‡Qb Bk¦i`xi gwR` fvB, hvi K_v Avwg Av‡MB D‡j­L K‡iwQ| GQvov
bv‡mi fvB‡qi mn‡hvwMZv Kg †c‡qwQ GgbwU ejv hv‡e bv| BKevj Lvb,
BwÄwbqvi Rg‡k` (eZ©gv‡b ivIqvjwcwʇZ Ae¯’vbiZ), BwÄwbqvi L›`Kvi
w``vi“j Bmjvg, †mvjvBgvb, Av‡bvqvi, Kvgvj, GW‡fv‡KU Avwgbyj Bmjvg,
GW‡fv‡KU ZvwiKzj Bmjvg (†gvnb), we‡klÁ Wvt Avdmvi wmwÏKx,
we‡klÁ Wvt Avãyj­vn fvB‡qi mn‡hvwMZvI Avgv‡K h‡_ó †cÖiYv w`‡q‡Q|
G‡`i mevi Kv‡Q Avwg K…ZÁ, Avwg FYx| Rxebfi K…ZÁZv cÖKvk K‡i
Avwg Zv‡`i †mB FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z _vK‡ev|
127
AvU
AvUvˇii ïi“ †_‡K Biv‡b wKQz wKQz Av‡jvi wSwjK cwijw¶Z nw”Qj|
†cÖwm‡W›U KvU©v‡ii †Znivb md‡ii ci kv‡ni Bw½‡Z Biv‡bi cÎ-cwÎKvq
Bgvg †Lv‡gbxi e¨w³MZ Pwi‡Îi Ici Kj¼ Av‡ivc K‡i cÖeÜ cÖKvwkZ
nq| GUv Kiv nq †Lv‡gbxi Ici RbMY‡K exZkª× K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨| wKš‘
GUvB ey‡givs n‡q wd‡i Av‡m Biv‡bi kv‡ni `iev‡i| So D‡V, †m So
†Kvg †_‡K †Znivb, †Znivb †_‡K gvkv`, gvkv` †_‡K wkivR Gfv‡e Qwo‡q
c‡o me©Î| GKUv weivU SuvKzwbi cÖ‡qvRb wQj Biv‡b| fvejvg †m mgq
m¤¢eZ mgvMZ|
lv‡Ui `k‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi miKvwi cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jvi m~‡Î Biv‡bi †hme
cÖvgvY¨ wPÎ cÖ`wk©Z n‡qwQj, Zv‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQjvg Bivbx kvnvbkvnxi
`yÕnvRvi eQ‡ii BwZe„Ë| G‡Z Rv‡njx hyM‡KI Biv‡bi †MŠi‡ev¾¡j w`b e‡j
wPwýZ Kiv n‡qwQj| †mBme wPÎ †`‡LB Avgiv ey‡SwQjvg Biv‡bi
ivRZ‡š¿i cZ‡bi w`b Avmbœ| kv‡ni †Lvk †Lqvj I Rv‡njx wPš—v †PZbv
m~²fv‡e RbRxe‡b cÖweó Kiv‡bvi †Póv Kiv nw”Qj| Av‡gwiKvi bxjb·v
Abyhvqx Z_vKw_Z †k¦Z wec­‡ei gva¨‡g MY‡PZbvi weåvwš—i aygªRvj we¯—vi
Kiv nw”Qj e¨vcKfv‡e| Iw`‡K Biv‡bi MYg‡b †h Zz‡li Av¸‡bi gZ GK
wec­ex wPš—v-†PZbv wawKwawK R¡j‡Q †Zgb wKQz Avgiv RvbZvg bv| †Kbbv
we‡k¦i mg¯— cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jv G m¤^‡Ü †Kvb Z_¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Zv bv|
AvUvˇii ïi“ †_‡K we‡k¦i cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jv‡Z Ges Avgv‡`i †`‡ki cÎ-
cwÎKv¸‡jv‡Z Biv‡bi wec­e msµvš— Lei ¯’vb †c‡Z _v‡K| A‡±vei †_‡K
Av‡›`vjb AviI e¨vcK AviI we¯—…Z n‡q I‡V| we‡¶vf Avi we‡¶vf,
wgwQ‡ji ci wgwQj, ag©N‡Ui ci ag©NU Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q ZLb| mviv Biv‡b
GK fq¼i cwiw¯’wZ| kv‡ni †Pv‡L Nyg †bB| ZeyI kvn ˆbiv‡k¨ †f‡O
co‡Qb bv| †Kbbv Zv‡K g`` †`qvi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q 2 j¶ `ya©l© ˆmwbK, Zvi
wbR¯^ ˆZwi mvfvK evwnbx, wmAvBGÕi De©i gw¯—®‹ Avi i‡q‡Q Av‡gwiKv,
128
BmivBj Ges ga¨cÖv‡P¨i gvwK©b †`vmiiv| Gic‡iI ÷ªv‡UwRK¨vwj ivwkqvi
mnvbyf~wZI Zvi cvIqvi K_v| †Kbbv ivwkqvi AvIZvaxb Gwkqvi 6wU
gymwjg iv‡óªi cv‡k Bmjvgx wPš—v-†PZbv m¤úbœ †gŠjev`x kw³i weKvk n‡j
ivwkqvi gymjgvb‡`i †VwK‡q ivLv m¤¢e n‡e bv, †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb GUv
Rv‡b fvj K‡iB| G Kvi‡Y ivwkqv Zvi wbR¯^ hš¿Yvq Biv‡bi kvn‡K Bivbx
RbM‡Yi Ici weRqx †`L‡Z PvB‡e|
ej‡Z †M‡j Bivbx RbMY ïaygvÎ kv‡ni wei“‡× jovB K‡i‡Q Zv bq|
`ywbqvi mg¯— mvgªvR¨ev`x I cÖwZwµqvkxj kw³i wei“‡× wQj Bivbx RbZvi
jovB| †Kvbµ‡gB cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZ bv nIqvq mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Kiv
n‡jv| Zey we‡¶vf I ag©NU Aweivg Pj‡Q| c¨vwim †_‡K AvqvZzj­vn
†Lv‡gbx mvgwiK miKvi‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb| RbZv AviI
gwiqv n‡q DVj| wkiv‡R †mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ RbM‡Yi msNl© n‡jv| kZ kZ
jvk wb‡q wgwQj GwM‡q Pjj| gniig mgvMZ| mvgwiK AvBb gniig‡K
wbwl× †NvlYv Kij| kvn RbMY‡K kvš— Kivi Rb¨ cÖkvm‡bi wKQz i`e`j
Ki‡jb| wKQz `vwqZ¡kxj Awdmvi‡K †MÖdZvi Ki‡jb| G‡ZI †Kvb
cÖwZwµqv †`Lv †Mj bv RbZvi wgwQ‡j| †Zj‡¶Î A‡K‡Rv n‡q coj| `yB
j¶ e¨emvqx Zv‡`i †`vKvb-cvU eÜ K‡i w`j| ¯‹zj K‡jR wek¦we`¨vjq eÜ
n‡q †Mj| eÜ nj Awdm Av`vjZ| mvgwiK cÖavbgš¿x †Mvjvg †iRv c`Z¨vM
Ki‡jb| kvcyi eKwZqvi cÖavbgš¿x n‡jb| †Lv‡gbx †NvlYv w`‡jb,
†KvbmiKviB MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| RbM‡Yi j¶¨ kvn| hyM hyM a‡i Biv‡bi
RbM‡Yi Ici †h AZ¨vPv‡ii ÷xg‡ivjvi Pvjvb n‡q‡Q Zvi Revew`wn Ki‡Z
n‡e RbM‡Yi Av`vj‡Z| kvn †`kZ¨vM Ki‡jb| kvcyi eLwZqvi me©kw³
wb‡qvM K‡iI RbZvi Xj i“L‡Z cvi‡jb bv| †mbvevwnbxi m`m¨iv RbZvi
KvZv‡i †b‡g Gj| Ae‡k‡l ¸jx‡Mvjv I AvaywbK gviYv‡¯¿i wei“‡× knx‡`i
i³ weRqx n‡jv|
Avwg †Rj †_‡K Biv‡bi mvgwMÖK cwiw¯’wZ wbix¶Y KiZvg| Avi Abyfe
KiZvg Ac~e© wkniY| g‡b n‡Zv Avwg Biv‡bi c‡_ c‡_ wec­ex RbZvi
KvZv‡i `uvwo‡q Bmjv‡gi mePvB‡Z eo Kj¼ ivRZ‡š¿i wei“‡× jovB
KiwQ|
129
Bivb AvaywbK we‡k¦ bZzb K‡i cÖgvY Kij, Bmjv‡gi A_© Av‡cvlnxb
msMÖvg| cÖgvY Kij, Bmjvg GKK AwfhvÎvq `yj©•N¨ j‡¶¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi GK
`ywb©evi kc_| G e¨vcv‡i AvqvZzj­vn †Lv‡gbxi GKUv cÖm½ Uvbv hvq| ZLb
Biv‡bi kv‡ni ¸jx‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K w`b kZ kZ †jvK knx` n‡”Qb| H mgq wKQz&
Bivbx †bZ…e„›` Bgvg †Lv‡gbx‡K cÖkœ K‡ib- ÔAvcwb wK g‡b K‡ib bv RvwZi
GZ †h i³¶iY n‡”Q, †h †Kvievbx w`‡”Q RbMY, Gi GKUv fqven SzuwK
Av‡Q? Gi d‡j †jv‡Kiv nZvk n‡q co‡e? ch©vqµ‡g Zviv K¬vš— n‡q co‡j
Av‡›`vjb w¯—wgZ n‡q hv‡e? Gi †P‡q eis GB DËß Ae¯’vq Av‡›`vjb‡K
_vwg‡q eZ©gvb kvmK †Mvôx‡K †i‡L GKUv A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vcbvq wKQz ms¯‹vi
K‡i †bqv fvj?Õ Zviv eywS‡qwQ‡jb µgvš^‡q av‡c av‡c Av‡›`vjb‡K P~ovš—
j‡¶¨i w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvB DËg|
AvqvZzj­vn †Lv‡gbx ¯úó Reve w`‡qwQ‡jb- ÔAvj­vn Avgv‡`i hv Ki‡Z
e‡j‡Qb Avgiv †m Abyhvqx `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i hve| Gi wewbg‡q wZwb
Avgv‡`i mvdj¨ Avgv‡`i RxeÏkvq w`‡eb, wK cieZx©‡Z †Kvb fwel¨‡Z
w`‡eb, Zv Zuvi B”Qvaxb|Õ Bgvg †Lv‡gbx †Kvb kw³i Ici bq, Ggb wK
RbM‡Yi kw³i IciI wbf©i K‡ibwb| wZwb wbôvi mv‡_ †Lv`v wb‡`©wkZ c‡_
RvwZi Rb¨ KvR K‡i‡Qb Avi wbf©i K‡i‡Qb Avj­vni Ici|
14kÕ eQi a‡i ivRZš¿, mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³mg~n I ˆ¯^iZš¿ †hfv‡e Bmjv‡gi
cÖMwZkxj kw³i Ici AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q, †hfv‡e gymjgvb‡`i gb-gMR ¯’wei
K‡i w`‡q‡Q, †hfv‡e ms¯‹…wZ I mf¨Zvi g‡P© aiv‡bv n‡q‡Q; Zv‡Z ms¯‹v‡ii
ga¨w`‡q Bmjv‡gi wbR¯^ †Rj­v wdwi‡q Avbv m¤¢e bq| Bmjv‡gi evmM„‡ni
Ae¯’v n‡q‡Q Ggb hv †PŠÏÕk eQi a‡i wewfbœ w`‡K dvUj a‡i‡Q, †`qv‡j
dvUj a‡i‡Q, BU KvV L‡m †M‡Q, wfZ n‡q‡Q `ye©j| Gi ms¯‹vi K‡i G‡K
`yM© evbv‡bv †Zv `~‡ii K_v GLv‡b wbivc‡` †Kvb g‡Z evm KivI m¤¢e bq|
AZGe G‡K †f‡O P~Y© Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi wfwË Dc‡o †dj‡Z n‡e| Avi GUv
ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi Øviv †Kvb g‡Z m¤¢e n‡e bv| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb wec­e,
P~ovš— wec­e| ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vjb K‡i wgk‡i BLIqvbyj gymwjwgb gvi
†L‡q‡Q| kw³kvjx msMVb n‡qI Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx G¸‡Z cvi‡Q bv|
Rvgv‡Zi wec­ex Kgx©iv GLb Av‡q‡ki mÜv‡b e¨¯—|
130
†Rj †_‡K Bivbx wec­e‡K Rvbvi †evSvi †Póv Kwi| µgkt Avwg Zv‡`i
Av‡cvlnxb cÖwµqvi cÖwZ Avm³ n‡q cwo| Biv‡bi †mB gnvb wec­ex †bZv
14kÕ eQi ci gymjgvb‡`i whwb P~ovš— j‡¶¨ wb‡q †M‡Qb Zvi †Pnviv
†gveviK †`Lvi B”Qv ZxeªZi n‡q I‡V| Biv‡bi msMÖvgx RbZv I Zv‡`i
wec­‡evËi Kvh©µg m‡iRwg‡b †`Lvi Rb¨ Avwg e¨vKzj n‡q DwV|
Avwki gvSvgvwS‡Z beŸB kZvsk gymwjg Aay¨wlZ evsjv‡`‡k Biv‡bi
Bmjvgx wec­‡ei mc‡¶ AvIqvR †Zvjvi Rb¨ KvRx AvwRRyj nK fvB
KvivMv‡i Aš—ixY n‡jb| G‡Z Avi hvB †nvK Avgvi †hb g‡b n‡q‡Q Biv‡b
Bmjvgx wec­‡ei cÖK…Z Z_¨ Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤¢eZ wZwb †Lv`vi Zid
†_‡K Dcw¯’Z n‡q‡Qb|
Zvi gva¨‡g my¯úófv‡e Rvb‡Z cvijvg, Bmjvgx wec­e Biv‡b wKfv‡e
msNwUZ n‡jv? Bivb eZ©gv‡b †Kvb Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q, civkw³ gvwK©b hy³ivóª I
Zvi †`vmi‡K wKfv‡e Bivb †_‡K DrLvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q? Av‡gwiKv I Avi‡ei
wkLÊx miKvimg~n Biv‡Ki Nv‡o mIqvi n‡q Bmjvgx Biv‡bi wei“‡× wKfv‡e
hy× cwiPvwjbv Ki‡Q? wKfv‡e G‡Ki ci GK kni¸‡jv‡K aŸsm Kiv n‡”Q?
Bivb GKKfv‡e mw¤§wjZ kw³i †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q wKfv‡e? G‡K G‡K
AvwRR fvB Avgvi mvg‡b mewKQz Zz‡j a‡ib| Av‡gwiKv I Avi‡ei
cÖ‡ivPbvq Bmjv‡gi cÖMwZkxj Kg©KvÊ `ywbqvi Zver gymwjg ivóªmg~‡n
wbM„nxZ n‡”Q| Bmjvgx Biv‡bi mc‡¶ åvZ…Z¡‡eva mÄvZ RbM‡Yi AvIqvR
Avgv‡`i miKviI †hb mn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| Avi cvi‡Q bv e‡jB AvwRR
fvB Kviv Aš—iv‡j| Zvi Kvivgyw³i ciI wZwb Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vZ
K‡i‡Qb| Biv‡bi hveZxq eB Avgv‡K mieivn K‡i‡Qb| Zvi mv‡_ L›`Kvi
iv‡k`yj nK, gvndzR fvBmn K‡qKRb miKvix AwdmviI Avm‡Zb, hviv
Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­‡ei cÖMwZkxj †cÖiYvq DØy×|
Avwg KvivMvi †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡j AvwRR fvB GK gnvb åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai
ZvMv`vq Avgvi Kv‡Q cÖvq Avm‡Zb| AvwgI Zvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM i¶v
KiZvg| Avgvi AwaKvsk mgq KvUZ Rvgvqv‡Zi Kgx© I †bZ…e„‡›`i
mvnP‡h©| †mB cyivb QKeuvav wbq‡g mvsMVwbK KvR| †mB MZvbyMwZK
Kg©cš’v, hv Avgvi cÖMwZkxj wPš—v †PZbv‡K AvnZ Ki‡Zv| Avwg GLvb
†_‡K gyw³i c_ LyuRZvg|
131
wKQzmsL¨K we‡eK ewR©Z Amr Avbvox‡`i nv‡Z ivR‰bwZKfv‡e chy©`¯— mr I
we‡eKevb †jvK‡`i †h †nb¯—v GwU Avgv‡K eivei weow¤^Z K‡i‡Q| A_P
GKvˇii ivR‰bwZK civR‡qi wZjK c‡i Avgv‡`i msMVb AvRI cyivb
cuv‡K AvewZ©Z n‡”Q| †mB MZvbyMwZK MYZvwš¿K †k­vMvb| wKš‘ †`‡ki †KvwU
†KvwU gvbyl bZzb †evZj, cyiv‡bv g` mewKQz †f‡O P~igvi Ki‡Z Pvq| †Kvb
c_ bv †c‡q mevi mv‡_ AvwgI msMV‡bi cyiv‡bv c_ a‡i G¸‡Z _vwK| wKš‘
Avgvi gb c‡o _v‡K †Zniv‡bi ivRc‡_, †`Rdzj, Kvm‡i wmwib Avi Lyiig
kni iYv½‡b| Biv‡bi wec­ex Kg©m~Px I Av‡cvlnxb msMÖv‡gi mv‡_ cÙv-
†gNbv we‡aŠZ evsjvi k¨vgj cÖvš—‡ii wR›`vn`xj AMwYZ gvby‡li gZ AvwgI
KLb Avgvi ARv‡š— GKvZ¥ n‡q †MwQ|
GKw`b gvMwi‡ei bvgvR m‡egvÎ †kl K‡iwQ Ggb mgq AvZ¥cÖZ¨‡q mgybœZ
`y‡Uv gvbyl Avgvi †Wivq G‡m XyK‡jb| GKRb Avgvi AwZ cwiwPZ|
Ab¨R‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi GLbI cwiPq nqwb| AcwiwPZ AvMš‘‡Ki mv‡_
AvwRR fvB cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb| wZwb GKRb Bivbx Qv·bZv, w`j­x‡Z
†jLvcov Ki‡Zb| wec­‡ei cÖwZ Zuvi AwePj wbôv I Acwimxg ggZ¡‡eva
Avgvi fv‡jv jvM‡jv| wZwb e‡jbÑ Ô†h iOxb ¯^cœ ey‡K wb‡q Avcbvi
Zvi“Y¨‡K g„Zz¨i gy‡LvgywL `uvo Kwi‡qwQ‡jb, †h j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ i³v³ c_
a‡i †nu‡U‡Qb, 10 eQi Kvivev‡m KvwU‡q‡Qb, Avgiv ARmª Lyb Avi Av¸‡bi
Zzdv‡bi ga¨w`‡q †mB gwćj †cuŠ‡QwQ| GB gwÄj Avcbvi Avgvi Ges
`ywbqvi mg¯— wec­ex‡`i| Bmjvgx Biv‡bi c¶ †_‡K Avwg `vIqvZ wb‡q
G‡mwQ|Õ
Biv‡bi GB `vIqvZ †hb cig cvIqv e‡j g‡b n‡jv| Avwg mv‡_ mv‡_
`vIqvZ MÖnY Kijvg| g‡b nj, ÔG †g‡i Lve wK Zvwei G †g‡i Rvbx
MRj|Õ Bivb †hb Avgvi ¯^‡cœi gwÄj Avgvi ü`‡qi msMxZ|
Zvi mv‡_ †cÖvMÖvg nj- cÖ_gZ Avgv‡`i †h‡Z n‡e †ev‡¤^| †ev‡¤^i Bivbx
KvjPvivj †m›Uv‡i GKw`b Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi ci Bivbx Gqvi
jvB‡Ýi wegvb Avgv‡`i wb‡q hv‡e †Znivb|
wbw`©ó w`b mgvMZ| weivwki 6 AvM÷ Zvwi‡L Avwg, wcwR nvmcvZv‡ji
Wv³vi AvjgMxi mv‡ne I ivwkqvq D”P wk¶viZ QvÎwkwei †bZv AvRv`
mv‡ne †Zniv‡bi D‡Ï‡k iIqvbv njvg| evsjv‡`k wegvb Avgv‡`i †ev‡¤^
132
ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q w`j| GLv‡b Biv‡bi KvjPvivj †m›Uv‡i `w¶Y-c~e© Gwkqvi
Ab¨vb¨ wec­ex Zi“Yiv B‡Zvg‡a¨ G‡m †M‡Qb| Avgiv ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_
cwiwPZ njvg| GLv‡b Avgvi mv‡_ A‡b‡K e³e¨ ivL‡jb| ciw`b mKv‡j
Avgiv †Zniv‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Bivbx wegvb ÔûgvÕq Pvcjvg| Biv‡b †cuŠQv‡j
Avgv‡`i‡K wb‡q Avmv nj †Zniv‡bi mymw¾Z †nv‡Uj cv‡K©| GLv‡b GB
†nv‡Uj‡K †K›`ª K‡i Avgiv mgMÖ Biv‡b AvewZ©Z n‡qwQ|
GKw`b `ycy‡i cweÎ †Kv‡gi D‡Ï‡k iIqvbv njvg| GB †Kvg bMix †Znivb
†_‡K 140 wK‡jvwgUvi `~‡i wkivR I LywR¯—vbMvgx GKwU gnvmo‡Ki cv‡k
Aew¯’Z| GLv‡b Bgvg gymv Kv‡R‡gi Kb¨v I Bgvg †iRvi †evb nhiZ
gvmygvi gvRvi i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b knx` AvqvZzj­vn gv`vbx, knx` AvqvZzj­vn
†gvZvnvix I û¾vZzj Bmjvg †gvš—vRvwiiI Kei i‡q‡Q| G kniwU
Bivbevmx‡`i Rb¨ wØZxq cweÎ bMix| 18kÕ eQ‡ii cyivb GB kniwU
Bmjvgx Zvwjg-Ziweq‡Zi cÖvY‡K›`ª| Biv‡b Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi eo eo
†XD GLvb †_‡K DwÌZ n‡q‡Q| `ywbqvi Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi gnvb
ˆmwbK‡`i `„wó GB †Kvg kn‡i wbe×| GB †Kvg kn‡i AvqvZzj­vn‡`i
evYxGK GKwU S‡oi iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i Gwkqvi †jŠngvbe Biv‡bi kvn
cvnjexi ivR cÖvmv‡` AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q| GB †Kv‡gi †PZbv DrmvwiZ
Av‡jg‡`i Av‡e`b cÖPÊ †¶cYv‡¯¿i kw³ wb‡q Rv‡jgkvnxi GKUvi ci
GKUv `yM© awm‡q w`‡q‡Q| we¯§‡q weg~p n‡q †`Ljvg GB kniwU| †`Ljvg
GB bMixi gvbyl¸‡jv‡K| bZzb BwZnv‡mi mªóv Giv| BwZnv‡mi MwZaviv‡K
cv‡ë †`qvi gnvb nvwZqvi †hb GB †Kv‡gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvbyl| G‡`i †PvL,
gyL, †Pnviv, Pvnwb‡Z GK AwgZ †ZR wec­‡ei Av¸b †hb wVK‡i †ei“‡”Q|
†hb ÔIiv Rv‡bbv nvi gvbv, I‡`i MwZ‡Z cÖLi Wvbv|Õ
weL¨vZ wk¶v cÖwZôvb dvqwRqv gv`ivmvq Gjvg GB †mB gv`ivmv †hLv‡b
cÖ‡Z¨KUv Zv‡j‡e Bj‡gi Kj‡e †X‡j †`qv nq wec­‡ei d‡qR| cÖ‡Z¨KwU
i“n GB gv`ªvmvq G‡m kvnv`v‡Zi Rb¨ †bkvMÖ¯—, Db¥v` n‡q D‡V| k~b¨ nv‡Z
eyK Ly‡j Giv M‡R© IVv Kvgv‡bi mvg‡b `uvov‡Z cv‡i| Kvgv‡bi MR©b‡K ¯—ä
K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| kvn hLb wek¦ RbgZ‡K †auvKv †`qvi Rb¨ †k¦Z wec­‡ei
bv‡g Zvi mg¯— AcKg©¸‡jv ˆea Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ MY‡fvU K‡i Ges miKvix
133
†NvlYv †`q †h wecyj MYmg_©b i‡q‡Q kv‡ni mc‡¶, †m eQiB C` Dcj‡¶
Bgvg e³e¨ iv‡Lb- ÔkvmK †Mvôxi †eAvBbx Kvh©Kjv‡ci wei“‡× i“‡L
`uvovb| Pig cix¶vi f‡q fxZ n‡eb bv| miKvi hw` kw³i Avkªq MÖnY
K‡i, bwZ ¯^xKvi Ki‡eb bv| Avgiv Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ msMÖvg Kwi| †Kvb
kw³B Zv †m hZ eoB †nvK bv †Kb Avgv‡`i ¯—ä K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡e bv|Õ
GKB eQi 22 gvP© †Kvg †_‡K DwÌZ Bmjv‡gi AvIqvR‡K ¯—ä K‡i †`qvi
Rb¨ †gwkbMvb mw¾Z GK`j mk¯¿ ˆmb¨ †Kv‡g cÖ‡ek K‡i| Bgv‡gi M„‡ni
PZzw`©‡K RbZvi wfo, †mbvevwnbxi Ae¯’vb †_‡K Bmjvg we‡ivax †k­vMvb
DwÌZ nj| †mbvevwnbxi QÎQvqvq kv‡ni cvwjZ ¸Ûviv gv`ªvmvi †fZ‡i
cÖ‡ek Kij| wew¶ß Qv·`i gvi‡avi MvwjMvjvR I AZ¨vPvi ïi“ Kij|
†Kv‡gi RbZv gv`ªvmvi Pvwiw`K †eób K‡i Ae¯’vb wb‡Z _vK‡jv| †mbvevwnbx
I ¸Ûviv ¸jxi So Zz‡j Qv·`i‡K gv`ªvmv †Q‡o †h‡Z eva¨ K‡i| Bgvg
NUbv¯’‡j G‡m i³v³ cÖvš—‡i `uvwo‡q ej‡jb- ÔAvcbviv kvš— _vKzb|
Avcbviv Ggb me Øxwb †bZvi Abymvix hviv Gi PvB‡Z Av‡iv †ekx wbh©vZb
†fvM K‡i‡Qb| hviv G ai‡bi †`ŠivZ¥ I wbh©vZb Pvjvq †kl ch©š— Gme
Zv‡`i Kv‡QB ey‡givs n‡q wd‡i Av‡m| Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i B¾Z I
Avhv`x i¶vi Rb¨ Avcbv‡`i A‡bK Øxwb †bZv kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i‡Qb|
myZivs Zv‡`i cweÎ DËivwaKvi wndvhZ Kivi `vwqZ¡ Avcbv‡`iB|Õ
GB †Kvg †_‡K Bgvg †Lv‡gbx †`‡ki mg¯— Øxwb †gvevwj­M‡`i Kv‡Q AviR
ivL‡jb- ÔBmjvgx RbZvi Ici kvn †h Ryjyg I wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q
BmivBj I Zvi `vjvj †Mvôx Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ †h mwZ¨Kvi ûgwK n‡q
`uvwo‡q‡Q, Avcbviv †m m¤ú‡K© Avcbv‡`i †LvZevq Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|Õ Zvi
e³e¨¸‡jv †`‡ki me©Î wPwV I †UwjMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| D‡ËRbv
†e‡oB P‡j‡Q µgk| GK ch©v‡q mvfvK evwnbx ûgwK w`j, dvqwRqv
gv`ªvmvq e³…Zv †`qv Pj‡e bv| †mB w`bB Avïivi coš— we‡K‡j Bgvg fvlY
w`‡jb- ÔAvgiv GB wm×v‡š— †cuŠ‡Q †MwQ †h kvmK †Mvôx Bmjvg I Bmjvgx
†bZ…‡Z¡i we‡ivax| BmivBj kvn-Gi mn‡hvwMZvq Avgv‡`i Hkx †KZve
†KviAv‡bi Aegvbbv Ki‡Z Pvq| Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡‡K wbg~©j Ki‡Z Pvq|
Bû`xiv Avgv‡`i e¨emv, evwYR¨, A_©bxwZ I K…wó‡K wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z PvqÕ
134
5 Ryb †Kvg Aei“× nq| †mbvevwnbx Bgv‡gi evox †NivI K‡i| Zv‡K `ª“Z
mvgwiK Mvox‡Z Zz‡j wb‡q †Zniv‡bi KvivMv‡i Ave× iv‡L| we`y¨‡Zi gZ G
Lei †Zniv‡bi me©Î Qwo‡q c‡i| RbZvi Xj †b‡g Av‡m ivRc‡_| †Kvg
kni i³v³ n‡q D‡V| wbnZ nq 4 kZ| †Zniv‡bi ivRc‡_i Ae¯’vI GKB
iKg| jv‡j jvj n‡q I‡V AR¯¿ knx‡`i i‡³| kv‡ni‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸jx‡Z
jywU‡q c‡o 15 nvRvi wR›`v-`xj gvbyl| Zvici Bgvg‡K †`k †_‡K wbe©vmb
†`qv nq| wec­‡ei Av¸b ivRc_ †_‡K m‡i Av‡m| eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i
†iRv kv‡ni wewfbœ lohš¿ Avi Pµv‡š—i ¯‘‡c Pvcv c‡o hvq| wKš‘ †m Av¸b
evmv †eu‡a _v‡K Av‡jg‡`i Aš—‡i| mgMÖ †Kvg bMix 15 eQi a‡i †m
wec­‡ei Av¸b GKBfv‡e enb Ki‡Z _v‡K| kvnx AvMÖvm‡bi †kl wPý gy‡Q
†`qv ch©š— †Kv‡gi RvMÖZ RbZv Zv‡`i Z‡jvqvi †Kvle× K‡ibwb| gvby‡li
Aš—i‡K wR›`v`x‡j cwiYZ Kivi Rb¨ †Kvg AvRI cÖPÊ kw³i Drm|
dvqwRqv gv`ªvmvq Avgiv Avgwš¿Z| `ycy‡ii Lvbv`vbvq AviI A‡b‡Ki mv‡_
Avgiv Ask wbjvg| we‡Kj bvMv` ïi“ nq Abyôv‡bi| GLv‡b GKRb Av‡jg
fvlY w`‡jb Bgvg †nv‡mb (ivt)-Gi kvnv`‡Zi Zvrch© wel‡q| wZwb fvlY
w`‡”Qb, ewjó Zvi e³e¨| Bgvg †nv‡mb‡K wN‡i KzPµx‡`i
we¯—…Z loh‡š¿i inm¨ G‡K G‡K D`NvUb Ki‡Qb| Zvi e³…Zvi duv‡K duv‡K
mg‡eZ gwm©qvi †e`bv-wea„Z my‡ii g~Q©bv| G‡Z Abyôvb Av‡eM wegwÊZ n‡q
DV‡Q| †kªvZv‡`i mevi †PvL w`‡q GKBfv‡e Mwo‡q Avm‡Q AkÖ“i aviv|
Abyôvb ü`qMÖvnx e‡j g‡b nj| Avgvi `vi“Y fvj †j‡MwQj| 14kÕ eQi
a‡i wec­‡ei ewýwkLv, †mB Kvievjvi ewýwkLv Gfv‡eB Zviv e‡q wb‡q
†eov‡”Q| G Kvi‡YB AvR‡K cÖwZwU Aš—‡ii †QvU †QvU Av¸b mw¤§wjZfv‡e
m~h©-wkLvq cwiYZ n‡Z †c‡i‡Q| G Kvi‡YB Bivbx RbZvi Awfe¨w³
Av‡cvlnxb| Zviv wbtk¼wP‡Ë g„Zz¨i gy‡LvgywL `uvwo‡q nvm‡Z cv‡i| Avi GB
14kÕ eQi a‡i Avgiv ivRZš¿x‡`i mv‡_ Av‡cvl K‡i G‡mwQ| ivRv,
ev`kvn, Avgxi Avi myjZvb‡`i lohš¿ Avgv‡`i †PZbv‡K MÖvm K‡i
Avgv‡`i Bmjvgx ¯ú„nv‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Avgiv Bmjv‡gi g~j †cÖiYv †_‡K
m‡i wM‡q Gi ¶‡q hvIqv †LvjmUv AvuK‡o a‡i †e‡nk‡Zi cÖZx¶v KiwQ|
fvewQ ivm~jyj­vni (mvt) ci me©Kv‡ji me©‡kªô wec­‡ei cÖPÊ SuvKzwb‡Z AvRI
Avgv‡`i Nyg fvO‡Qbv †Kb? KviY Igi (ivt) Szcwo‡Z Bmjv‡gi AbymÜvb
135
bv K‡i Avgiv ZvRgn‡ji gg©i cv_‡i Bmjv‡gi kvb kIKZ LuyR‡Z e¨¯—|
Avgiv †e‡nkZx †Rniv C`Mv‡n Bmjvg‡K bv Lyu‡R dvnv‡`i †`ŠjZLvbvq
Bmjvg †LuvRvi †Póv KiwQ| Biv‡bi †iRvkvn cvnjex 37 eQi RbM‡Yi
m¤ú` jyU K‡i †h myig¨ 4wU cÖvmv` wbg©vY K‡iwQ‡jb †m¸‡jv †`Lvi AvMÖn
Avgv‡`i Kg wQj bv| wec­‡ei DËvj Zi½ cÖmv‡`i gvwjK‡K fvwm‡q wb‡q
†M‡jI cÖvmv`¸‡jv A¶Z wQj| wbi¯¿ RbZvi Kv‡Q Av‡gwiKvi g``cyó
Z_vKw_Z †jŠngvb‡ei wbj©¾ civR‡qi Kj¼-wPý wn‡m‡e Bivb miKvi
cÖmv`¸‡jv‡K m¤ú~Y© Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb|| Gi d‡j wec­‡ei my`„p
wfwËg~j AviI gReyZ n‡q‡Q| RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q hv GZw`b wQj Awek¦vm¨ Ges
Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi KíKvwnbx, ¯^P‡¶ Ges my¯úófv‡e Gme Ae‡jvKb K‡i
RbZv Dcjwä Ki‡Z m¶g nq †h, Zviv wKfv‡e ¸wUKZK †jvK Øviv †kvwlZ
I ewÂZ n‡q‡Q| Pvi‡U ivRcÖvmv‡`i Rb¨ GK weivU g~j¨evb GjvKv
Abyrcv`bkxj Lv‡Z †mªd KwZcq †jv‡Ki †fvM wejv‡mi Rb¨ wewb‡qvM Kiv
n‡qwQj| cÖvmv‡`i eY©bv †`qv m¤¢e bq| AvaywbK mvR miÄvg Avi
Avmevec‡Îi wecyj mgvnvi| G QvovI c„w_ex gš’b K‡i hv wKQz cvIqv †M‡Q
hv wKQz kv‡ni cQ›` n‡q‡Q me¸‡jvi mgv‡ek NUv‡bv n‡q‡Q GLv‡b|
weÁv‡bi m‡e©vbœZ I me©‡kl cÖhyw³ e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖvmv`¸‡jv‡Z|
cÖ‡gv` Kvbb, myBwgscyj, †nwjc¨vW, bvPNi me iKg Avivg Av‡qk Ges
jvjmv PwiZv_© Kivi me Av‡qvRb GLv‡b we`¨gvb wQj| G QvovI
cÖvmv`¸‡jv‡K myiw¶Z ivLvi Rb¨ ˆewPÎgq wbivcËv †eóbx, me©vaywbK
Av‡qvRb I mgKvjxb †kªôZg A¯¿ I DcKi‡Yi e¨env‡ii AvaywbKZg
e¨e¯’v wQj| GLbI †mŠ›`h© I mylgvgwÊZ myM‡Ü myevwmZ nv¤§vgLvbvi
KvQvKvwQ †M‡j gb gvZvj n‡q I‡V| mewKQz †`‡L g‡b nj, kvÏv‡`i
†e‡nkZ kv‡ni cÖvmv‡`i Kv‡Q gv_v bZ Ki‡e| cÖvmv‡`i Lvm K¶¸‡jv‡Z
†XvKvi AbygwZ †bB| G Kvi‡Y ZvjveÜ| Rvbvjv w`‡q mewKQz †`Ljvg|
†`‡L AvaywbK kvÏv‡`i Rb¨ `ytL nj| RbM‡Yi m¤ú` jyU Kivi Zvi GZ
Av‡qvRb-D‡`¨vM| Zvi AvwfRvZ¨-¯^v”Q‡›`i Rb¨ GZ i³cvZ GZ
cÖvYnvwb| Zvi cwiYwZUv wK nj? Ly‡bi Avmvgx n‡q wbivkªq wQbœg~j Z…‡Yi
gZ †f‡m †eov‡Z nj c„w_exi GK cÖvš— †_‡K Avi GK cÖvš— ch©š—| GK
fq¼i g„Zz¨fq Zv‡K Zvwo‡q wb‡q †ewo‡q‡Q me mgq| Zvi AcK‡g©i cÖavb
136
mn‡hvMx mvgªvR¨ev`x Av‡gwiKvI Zv‡K VuvB †`qwb| Zvi fvlvq-g„Z Bu`y‡ii
gZ Av‡gwiKv Avgv‡K `~‡i wb‡¶c K‡i‡Q| Zvi Hk¦h© Avi weË-ˆef‡ei ¯^cœ
`yt¯^‡cœ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q †kl Aewa|
Bivb mdiKvjxb mg‡q GKw`b Zvewi‡Ri D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv njvg| ZvewiR
Biv‡bi DËi cwð‡g me‡P‡q Rbeûj I e„nËg cÖ‡`k AvRvievBRv‡bi
ivRavbx, ivwkqv I Zzi‡¯‹i mxgvš— eivei Aew¯’Z| cÖvK…wZKfv‡e G A‡ji
Awaevmxiv cÖwZev`x I msMÖvgx| lv‡Ui `k‡K †Kv‡g AvqvZzj­vn †Lv‡gbx
AvZ¥cÖKv‡ki ci miKvi we‡ivax †h Av‡›`vjb DËvj n‡q I‡V Zvi †XD
Zvewi‡R G‡m AvQ‡o c‡o| G‡Z kv‡ni wbwe©Pvi ¸jx‡Z 2kÕ †jvK cÖvY
nvivq|
1978 mv‡ji ïi“‡Z Avevi kvn-we‡ivax wec­‡ei ¸‡gvU wbgœPvc †Zniv‡b
Nbxf~Z nq| Zvewi‡Ri msMÖvgx gvbyl¸‡jv GKUv S‡oi cÖZx¶v Ki‡Z
_v‡K| Zvici cÖPÊ So ïi“ n‡j GLv‡b j¶ j¶ gvby‡li Xj ivRc‡_ †b‡g
Av‡m| kvn Zvi †kl w`b ch©š— Zv‡`i †div‡Z m¶g nbwb| we‡¶vf, wgwQj,
†kvKmfv I c_mfvq ivRc_ gyLin‡q I‡V| gmwR`¸‡jv cwiYZ nq
wec­‡ei †K›`ª-we›`y‡Z| mvfvK Zvi wbg©gZvi ewntcÖKvk NwU‡q Av‡›`vjb‡K
¯—ä Ki‡Z e¨_© nq| ¯’vbxq M¨vwim‡bi ˆmwbK‡`i WvK c‡o| wKš‘ Zvewi‡Ri
gvbyl¸‡jvi gwiqv g‡bvfve j¶¨ K‡i M¨vwim‡bi †mbvevwnbx ivRc‡_
Ae¯’vb wb‡Z Abxnv cÖKvk K‡i| GK weivU nZ¨vhÁ Gov‡bvi D‡Ï‡k
nq‡Zv †mbvevwnbx ee©‡ivwPZ c`‡¶c †bqv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| AZtci
kv‡ni wb‡`©‡k †nwjKÞvi Mvbwkc †_‡K wbi¯¿ RbZvi Ici wbwe©Pvi ¸jx
P‡j| G‡Z 5kÕ cÖwZev`x KÉ ¯—ä n‡q hvq wPiw`‡bi Rb¨| Gi d‡j
Av‡›`vj‡bi MwZ e¨vnZ n‡q‡Q GgbwU bq eis G‡Z wec­‡ei cÖK…wZ AviI
fq¼i AviI cÖPÛ n‡q D‡V|
GB †mB ZvewiR †hLv‡b gmwR‡` AbywôZ †kvKmfvi Ici evB‡ii
M¨vwimb¸‡jv †_‡K wb‡q Avmv ee©i ˆmwbKiv ¸jxel©Y K‡i| wbnZ gvbyl‡`i
†MvOvbx, AvnZ‡`i AvZ©bv`, cÖwZev`x RbZvi ZKexi, mvB‡ib I ¸jxi k‡ã
cwiw¯’wZ cÖPÊ n‡q I‡V| AR¯¿ ¸jx ey‡K wb‡q RbZv avIqv K‡i ˆmwbK‡`i|
†mbvevwnbx cvjv‡Z eva¨ nq| wbi¯¿ RbZvi GB †Kvievbx, wbwe©Pvi MYnZ¨vi
ev¯—e wPÎ, Avi wec­‡ei bZzb ùzwj½ K¨v‡m‡U evYxe× K‡i †MvUv †`‡k Qwo‡q
137
†`qv nq| Zvewi‡Ri NUbv cÖevn, Zvewi‡R Siv‡bv wec­ex RbZvi i³
Biv‡bi fvM¨ cwieZ©‡bi weivU †cÖiYv n‡qwQj †kl Aewa|
†gngvb wn‡m‡e Zvewi‡R Ae¯’vbKv‡j Zv‡`i †mB cÖwZev`x cÖPÊ iƒ‡ci
D‡ëv w`KUv †`‡L wew¯§Z n‡qwQ| Zviv †hgb Avj­vni Øxb‡K cÖwZôvi Rb¨
RvZxq cÖ‡qvR‡b DRvo K‡i i³ Xvj‡Z cv‡i; †Zgwb †gngv‡bi cvb-
‡cqvjvq mieZ †X‡j nvwmgy‡L wbweo-mvwbœa¨ w`‡q †mŠRb¨ DRvi Ki‡Z cv‡i
AKvZ‡i| Zv‡`i gy‡LB ï‡bwQ Zviv wKfv‡e wbwe©Kv‡i ARmª Rxeb w`‡q
gnvb Bmjvgx wec­e‡K Zvi Awš—g j‡¶¨ GwM‡q wb‡q †M‡Q| `xN© jovB‡qi
ci AvRI Zviv iYK¬vš— n‡q c‡owb| kvnv`v‡Zi gwćj †cŠu‡Q Z‡eB †hb
Zviv wekªvg †b‡e|
HwZnvwmK kni wkivR mgy`ªZj †_‡K 16kÕ wgUvi D‡”P Aew¯’Z|
bvwZkx‡Zvò GB kniwU‡Z Avgv‡`i wb‡q Avmv nj| ¸wj¯—vu-ey¯—uvi GB
kniwUi we‡gvwnZ Kiv g‡bvig cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© gvbyl‡K Av‡eMgq K‡i
†Zvjvi Rb¨ h‡_ó| m¤¢eZt GB Kvi‡Y c„w_exi †kªô Kwe‡`i PviYf~wg
n‡q‡Q| GUv †cÖqmxi K‡cv‡ji GKUv wZ‡ji Rb¨ mgiL›` †evLviv‡K wewµ
Ki‡Z D`¨Z wQ‡jb †h †mŠ›`h©wcÖq Kwe †mB nvwdR GLv‡b Nywg‡q Av‡Qb|
Nywg‡q Av‡Qb gvbe mËvi inm¨ D‡b¥vPbKvix Kwe †kL mv`x| wek¦ mvwn‡Z¨
†hgb Zv‡`i Kg© gv_v DuPz K‡i `uvwo‡q Av‡Q, Abyiƒcfv‡e Zv‡`i
gvRvi¸‡jv‡Z †mŠ›`‡h©i cÖZxK n‡q `uvwo‡q Av‡Q myig¨ †mŠa| cy‡®ú †kvwfZ
†mŠ›`h© Avi myiwf‡Z †gŠ †gŠ Ki‡Q gvRvi †ewóZ dz‡ji evMvb| ¯§„wZ
†mŠa¸‡jvi cy®úgq PZ¡i¸‡jv †`‡L g‡b nj-ûmb& Avi Bk&K †mŠ›`h© Avi
†cÖ‡gi `y‡Uv aviv GLv‡b G‡m GKvKvi| Ggb g‡bvig †gvnbvq GB Kweiv
G‡jI _g‡K `uvov‡Zb| Avi Zv‡`i nsmcvLv K_v ejZ, Mv‡b Mv‡b gyLi
n‡q DVZ| wKš‘ Mv‡bi †mB eyjeywjiv ÔNywg‡q †M‡Q kªvš— n‡q|Õ
c„w_exi cÖZ¨š— AÂj †_‡K AvMZ Kwe‡`i f³ Abyi³ †`‡L g‡b nj Avwg
Mvb †M‡q DwV Ôjvqjx †Zvgvi G‡m‡Q wdwiqv gRby‡Mv AvuwL †Lvj|Õ wKš‘
dz‡ji Rjmvq kvwqZ gRbyiv †Kvbw`b Avi AvuwL Lyj‡e bv| Zv‡`i †m Nyg
fvOvi Nyg bq| Avwg †`vqv Kijvg Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avi ejjvg- Ô‡Lvk i‡nv
Avn‡j Pvgvb- †n evMvbevmx †Zvgiv my‡L _vKÕ|
138
†`Ljvg, gymwjg ¯’vcZ¨ Avi HwZ‡n¨i Rxeš— wb`k©b wb‡q `uvwo‡q Av‡Q
mycÖvPxb Rygv gmwR`, bqv gmwR`| †`Ljvg b‡ib †R¯—vb evMvb I cvim¨
hv`yNi|
wkiv‡Ri †mŠ›`h© mylgv †`‡L hw` †KD G‡K †e‡n‡¯—i evMvb e‡j Zvn‡j g‡b
nq fyj n‡e bv| Ryb&` ivRes‡ki Avg‡j wkivR‡K ivRavbx Kivi inm¨I
m¤¢eZt Gi cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©| 49 eQi wkivR Biv‡bi ivRavbx wQj|
GLvbKvi †ivgvw›UK Kwe GKUv bvixi wZ‡ji Rb¨ mgiL›` †evLviv w`‡Z
PvB‡jI wek kZ‡Ki wkivR gnvb Bmjvgx wec­‡ei kw³kvjx `yM©| eyjeywj
Avi ¸jev‡Mi myi Avi myiwfi mgvnv‡i †_‡KI wkiv‡Ri Avevj-e„×ewbZv
AvRv‡bi wec­ex Avnevb fy‡jwb| kv‡ni wbcxo‡bi wei“‡× cvnv‡oi gZ
cÖwZ‡iva g~wZ©gvb n‡q I‡V GLv‡b| wkiv‡Ri `ytmvnwmK RbZvi ey¨n‡K †f‡O
†djvi Rb¨ kvnx ˆmb¨iv Zvewi‡Ri gZ GLvbKvi gmwR‡`I wbwe©Pv‡i
†gwkbMv‡bi ¸jxel©Y K‡i| e›`y‡Ki MR©b, gvby‡li AvZ©bv`, KvZi K‡Éi
AvnvRvwi, cÖwZ‡ivaKvgx‡`i †mv”Pvi ZKexi K¨v‡m‡U AvRI evYxe× n‡q
Av‡Q| kZ kZ gvbyl AvZ¥vûwZ †`q wKš‘ Zey g„Zz¨-cvMj gvbyl¸‡jvi gywóe×
nvZ ivR ZL‡Zi wfwËg~‡j AvNvZ Ki‡Z m¶g nq|
Avgiv AvqvZzj­vn wkivRxi evmfe‡bi w`‡K cv evovjvg| eû gvbyl GLv‡b|
Avgv‡`i‡K Dò Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡bv nj| AvqvZzj­vn wkivRx wec­‡ei my`„p ¯—
¤¢| Zvi †PvL, PvIwb Avi mg¯— Av`j †_‡K wec­e we”QzwiZ| e³e¨ ivL‡jb
Bs‡iRx‡Z| †Kvb RoZv †bB| my¯úó e³e¨ my`„p evPbf½x Zvi evYx¸‡jv
wemywfqv‡mi AM­yrcv‡Zi gZ g‡b nj| Avgv‡`i Aš—‡i Aš—‡i †hb gyn~‡Z©B
Qwo‡q w`‡jb GK fq¼i AwMœwMwii jvfv| A‡bK w`b n‡q †M‡Q A_P Zvi
†mw`‡bi e³e¨ AvRI Avgv‡K D‡Øj K‡i †Zv‡j|
Mvox Pj‡Q| `ywb©evi MwZ‡Z Avgv‡`i Mvox Pj‡Q| KLbI my`„k¨ k¨vgj cÖvš—
i, KLbI cvnvox c_ AwZµg K‡i Avgiv GwM‡q PjwQ| fvewQ G‡`‡ki
gvby‡li Ac~e© Z¨vM Avi †Kvievbxi K_v| KZBbv i³ w`‡q‡Q G‡`‡ki
gvbyl| AvRI w`‡”Q| †Kvb K¬vwš— †Kvb weiƒc cÖwZwµqv †bB| wekªv‡gi mgq
†bB| mevB QzU‡Q, †gvnMÖ‡¯—i gZ QzU‡Q GK Awš—g j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨|
Biv‡b Bmjvg cÖwZwôZ K‡iI G‡`i †bkv Kv‡Uwb| Avj­vni Øxb‡K Giv
`ywbqvq cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨ Db¥v` n‡q D‡V‡Q| G‡`i AKz‡Zvfq Kg©cÖqvmx
139
RvZxq DÏxcbv †`‡L g‡b nj Giv †hb wek¦ wec­‡ei Rb¨B R‡b¥‡Q| ewÂZ
gvbyl‡`i wb‡q mvgªvR¨ev`x jy‡Uiv‡`i wei“‡× G‡`i msMÖvg mdj j‡¶¨
†cŠuQ‡Z †`ix n‡e bv| Zv‡`i meviB †hb GB K_v, GKB Awfe¨w³-
Ônvg`v`© wK Avdmvbv `ywbqv‡Kv ïbv †`‡½, †nv hv‡qMx wdi `ywbqv Avev`
GZx‡gv Kv-ïwb‡q †` GB c„w_ex‡K †cÖg Avi fvjevmvi evZ©v, G c„w_exUv
Avevi n‡q DV‡e `yt¯’, Avi GwZg‡`i Avevmf~wg|
†`L‡Z †`L‡Z Avgiv G‡m †cŠuQjvg †e‡n¯—x †Rnivi †`vi †Mvovq| kZ kZ
gvby‡li wfo| Avevj-e„×ewbZvi mgv‡ek| A‡bK gwnjv gvZg Ki‡Q Zvi
fvB, Zvi ¯^vgx, A_ev Zvi AvZ¥xq cwiRb‡`i Rb¨| GB Av‡eM wenej
†e`bvZ© Abyf~wZ Avgv‡`i Avc­yZ K‡i †Zv‡j| Avgv‡`i ARv‡š—‡PvL †e‡q
Mwo‡q c‡o AkÖ“| `~i `~iv‡š—i gymvwdi Avgiv KLb †h GKvKvi n‡q †MwQ
G‡`i mv‡_| weivU KeiMvn| Kei¸‡jv myweb¨¯— mvRv‡bv| nvRvi nvRvi
Rxeš— gvbyl Nywg‡q Av‡Q GLv‡b| Avj-‡KviAv‡b G‡`iB ejv n‡q‡Q Rxeš—|
ejv n‡q‡Q- ÔGes Zv‡`i g„Z e‡jv bv hviv Avj­vni c‡_ knx`|Õ GB
Kei¸‡jvi Rxeš— gvbyliv †MvUv RvwZi Rxebxkw³| I‡`i nvwZqvi M‡R©
DV‡ebv †Kvb w`bI| wKš‘ I‡`i Rxeš— Kei¸‡jv wKqvgZ ch©š— RvZxq
†cÖiYvi Drm n‡q _vK‡e| I‡`i Lyb Avi Lv‡Ki `ªeY RvZxq mËv‡K
mÄxweZ Ki‡Z _vK‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K Ke‡i knx‡`i Qwe UvOv‡bv Av‡Q, Ny‡i Ny‡i
†`Ljvg| `ytmvnwmK wmcvnx‡`i AwaKvsk Zi“Y| knx`‡`i evev-gv I
Ab¨vb¨ AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb‡`i mv‡_ K_v ejvi my‡hvM n‡q‡Q| ¯^Rbnviv‡bv
†e`bv‡eva ¯^vfvweKfv‡e Avgiv †`‡LwQ Zv‡`i g‡a¨| Zviv mš—vb‡`i
kvnv`v‡Zi Rb¨ †MŠievwš^Z| evKx mš—vb‡`i‡KI Zviv kvnv`v‡Zi iv¯—vq
hvIqvi Rb¨ †cÖiYv †hvMv‡e e‡j Avgv‡`i Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
GB †e‡n¯—x †Rniv, GB weivU KeiMvn †`‡L g‡b n‡q‡Q, †h RvwZ g„Zz¨i
Rb¨ Ggb Db¥v` n‡q I‡V Zv‡K `ywbqvi †Kvb kw³ gvi‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgvi
g‡b nj, †Kvb kw³ai civkw³ Biv‡bi Awbevh© weRq †VwK‡q ivL‡Z cvi‡e
bv| evsjv‡`‡ki KzwUi †_‡K Bmjv‡gi weR‡qi ¯^cœ †`Lv Kwei MR‡ji `y‡Uv
Kwj GB Ke‡ii †Zvi‡Y †jLv _vK‡j †eva nq gvbvbmB I mwVK nZ-
Ôknx`x C`Mv‡n †`L AvR Rvgv‡qZ fvix
n‡e `ywbqv‡Z †di Bmjvgx digvb Rvix|Õ
140
Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­‡ei mvdj¨‡K wb‡q wPš—v KiZvg| GZw`b †hgb wQj
Avkv †Zgb wQj Avk¼v| AvIqvgx cÂgevwnbxi P~ovš— weR‡qi ci
evsjv‡`‡k †hgb †b‡g‡Q ivR‰bwZK Ae¶‡qi am, mvs¯‹…wZK w`K w`‡q
†hgb n‡q‡Q †`Dwjqv, A_©‰bwZK w`K w`‡q †hgb n‡q‡Q wecbœ; †Zgb GKUv
cwiYwZi w`‡K Bivb GwM‡q hvq wKbv- Ggb GKUv D‡ØM wQj `ywbqvi
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi kixK gvbyl¸‡jvi| wKš‘ Bgvg †Lv‡gbxi Ava¨vwZ¥K
†bZ…Z¡ e¯‘ev`x KzPµox gywR‡ei gZ fyj K‡iwb| Av‡Z¥vrmM©Kvix Zi“Y‡`i
gq`vb †_‡K N‡i cvwV‡q Zv‡`i DÏxß †PZbv¸‡jv‡K gi‡P awi‡q weeY©
K‡iwb| Kg©‡¶Î †_‡K weZvwoZ K‡i Kg©wegyL Ajm Rxebhvc‡b DØy×
K‡iwb| †eMevb Zvi“Y¨‡K kqZv‡bi B܇b cwiYZ n‡Z †`qwb| Bgvg
†Lv‡gbx Zv‡`i mvg‡b Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb RvZxq cybM©V‡bi Kg©m~Px|
`¶ A`¶ Zi“Y Kgx© I QvÎiv MÖvg †_‡K MÖvgv‡j wRnv` kvwR‡›`Mxi
(cybM©Vb wRnv‡`i) Kg©m~Px wb‡q †M‡Q| iv¯—vNvU wbg©vY, weaŸ¯— evoxNi
wbg©vY, cvwb †m‡Pi e¨e¯’v, MÖvgxY we`y¨Zvqb, Gme Ki‡Q wkw¶Z Awkw¶Z
Zi“Y Kgx©iv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ weaŸ¯— Bivb‡K Zvi“‡Y¨i ¯ú‡k© ZvRv n‡Z|
`yÕeQi ¯‹zj K‡jR wek¦we`¨vjq I wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ †i‡L Bgvg
†Lv‡gbx †`kUv‡K wcwQ‡q w`‡q‡Qb Ggb bq| eis mg¯— wm‡jevm, mg¯—
KvwiKzjvg cwieZ©b Ges bZzb cvV¨cy¯—K cÖYqb I cÖKv‡ki e¨e¯’v Kivi Rb¨
GUzKz mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb wQj| Av‡Mi g‡Zv wk¶v †¶‡Î †Mvjvg ˆZwii
wm‡jevm Pvjy ivL‡j nvRvi nvRvi †`k‡cÖwg‡Ki i³`vb wed‡j †h‡Z eva¨
nZ| G QvovI `y‡Uv eQ‡ii e¨eav‡b wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Z_vKw_Z evgcš’x‡`i
m¯—v ivRbxwZi AvLovmg~n ¯^vfvweK g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q| Gme †`‡L g‡b nj,
Zvcm Ava¨vwZ¥K †bZv KZ `~i`„wóm¤úbœ I cÖÁvi AwaKvix|
Biv‡b wRnv‡` kvwR‡›`Mx A_©vr cybM©Vb †Rnv` ms¯’vwU Aí wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨
Rbg‡b `vM KvU‡Z m¶g nq Ges `vi“Y RbwcÖq n‡q D‡V| GKKv‡ji
weåvš— Zi“biv bZzb †cÖiYvq DØy× n‡q Zv‡`i Zvi“Y¨‡K wb‡qvM K‡i‡Q
RvZxq cybM©V‡b|
mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³ meiK‡gi KzU-‡KŠkj wbt‡kl nIqvq, `ywbqvi gymjgvb‡`i
`„wó Biv‡bi wec­e †_‡K wdwi‡q †`qvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­e‡K
wkqv wec­e wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ Avš—R©vwZK lohš¿ Pj‡Q| kZvãxi
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me©‡kªô wec­‡ei gnvbvqK‡K Kv‡di wn‡m‡e gymwjg we‡k¦ Dc¯’vcb Kiv
n‡”Q| ci¯úi‡K msNv‡Zi g‡a¨ wb‡q G‡m Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x jy‡Uiv
mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³ gymjgvb‡`i‡K wbisKzkfv‡e †kvlY Kivi c_ cwi®‹vi
Ki‡Q| cÖPviYvi †Zv‡o weåvš— gymjgvb‡`i Zey A‡bK wRÁvmv| Gm‡ei
mwVK Dˇii Rb¨ Biv‡bi mybœx Av‡jg †LuvR Kijvg| Biv‡bi cvj©v‡g›U
m`m¨ GKRb mybœx Av‡jg‡K †c‡q Zvi mv‡_ Avjvc Ki‡Z PvB‡j wZwb
mvMÖ‡n ivRx n‡jb| Zvi fvlvq- ÔBiv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­‡ei e¨vcv‡i mybœxiv
bxie wQj A_ev kvn‡K mg_©b w`‡q‡Q Ggb GKwU NUbvI Avgvi Rvbv †bB|
ZzK©‡gb, Kz`©, †ejyP me mybœxiv wkqv fvB‡`i mv‡_ Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q
mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³ I Zvi †`vmi Biv‡bi kvn‡K DrLvZ Kivi Rb¨ me©vZ¥K
msMÖvg K‡i‡Q| wec­‡ei c‡i Bmjvgx cÖRvZ‡š¿i mc‡¶ †h MY‡fvU AbywôZ
nq †mLv‡bI mybœxiv †fvU w`‡q Bmjvgx cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖwZ Zv‡`i mg_©b e¨³
K‡i|
Kz`x©¯—v‡bi D‡ËRbv cÖm‡½ wRÁvmv Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb- ÔILv‡b hviv D‡ËRbv
m„wó Kivi †Póv Ki‡Q Zviv wkqv mybœx †KvbUvB bq| m¯—v †k­vMv‡bi gva¨‡g
mvgªvR¨ev‡`i bxjb·v ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ wKQz KzPµx KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| Avgiv
wkqv mybœx Df‡q wg‡j Zv‡`i cÖwZnZ KiwQ, Bmjv‡gi cZvKv mgybœZ ivLvi
Rb¨ KvR K‡i hvw”Q| GLb Av‡Mi gZ Avi †mB Akvš— Ae¯’v †bB|
Bgvg‡K Avgv‡`i †bZv wn‡m‡e g‡b Kwi| BgvgB Avgv‡`i †bZv, Avgv‡`i
c_ cÖ`k©K|Õ
wZwb AviI ej‡jb- ÔBgvg g` wbwl× K‡i‡Qb,my` DrLvZ K‡i‡Qb,
ivRZ‡š¿i Aemvb NwU‡q‡Qb, †nRve Pvjy K‡i‡Qb, nK Avi Bbmvd cÖwZwôZ
K‡i‡QY| Avgiv mybœxiv wK G K_vB eje- g` †L‡Z PvB, c`©vi cÖ‡qvRb
†bB, ivRZš¿ wdwi‡q `vI, mvgvwRK mywePvi A‰bmjvwgK? hw` Gme bv PvB
Zvn‡j Avcbviv ejyb, Bgv‡gi c_ Avi Avgv‡`i c‡_i cv_©K¨ †Kv_vq?
agx©q AvPvi Abyôv‡b †h GK-AvaUz cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q GB cv_©K¨UzKz mvdx,
nvbvcx, gv‡jKx, nv¤^jx wewfbœ gZvej¤^x‡`i g‡a¨I i‡q‡Q| G cv_©K¨
†gŠwjK bq| AZGe Avgv‡`i we‡f`I †bB| Biv‡bi mg¯— wkqv mybœx Kv‡qgx
¯^v_©ev`x, †kvlK I mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³i wei“‡× msNe× kw³| Kv‡qgx
142
¯^v_©ev`x I †kvlK †kªYx, Zv †m wkqv †nvK A_ev mybœx †nvK, Avgiv wkqv mybœx
mw¤§wjZfv‡e Zv‡`i wei“‡× A¯¿ aie|Õ
ÔivRZš¿ I mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³mg~n kZ kZ eQi a‡i Avgv‡`i kw³, mvg_©¨ I
m¤ú` jyU Ki‡Q| we‡f‡`i weåvwš— Qwo‡q gymwjg D¤§vn‡K kZavwef³
Ki‡Q| †QvÆ GKUv A‰ea ivóª BmivB‡ji nv‡Z Avgiv gvi Lvw”Q| jvwÃZ
nw”Q †`‡k †`‡k, `ywbqvi meLv‡b| mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi †fuvZv A¯¿ w`‡q †Kv_vI
†hb gymjgvb‡`i H‡K¨ dvUj aiv‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ Avcbviv †h †hLv‡b
Av‡Qb †mLvb †_‡K mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i KzU-†KŠkj¸‡jv `ywbqvi mvg‡b Zz‡j
ai“b|Õ
Biv‡bi mybœx †bZv e‡j P‡j‡QbÑ Ô†jevb‡bi mybœx †bZvivI Bgvg‡K Zv‡`i
†bZv wn‡m‡e †g‡b wb‡q †kvlK I mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i wei“‡× HK¨e×fv‡e
msMÖvg Kivi Rb¨ `ywbqvi mKj gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ Avnevb Rvwb‡q‡Qb|Õ G
e¨vcv‡i Bgvg †Lv‡gbx e‡jbÑ ÔZviv Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ gZwe‡iva evav‡Z Pvq|
Avgv‡`i Aek¨B ûuwkqvi _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY Avgiv mevB gymjgvb, Avj
†KviAv‡bi Abymvix| cweÎ †KviAvb I ZInx‡`i Rb¨ Avgv‡`i Aek¨B
KvR K‡i †h‡Z n‡e Ges me©kw³ wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ
RygAvi bvgv‡Ri cÖK…Z Zvrch© I ¸i“Z¡ Avgiv Biv‡b bv G‡j eySZvg bv|
wbQK GKwU agx©q AvbyôvwbKZv e‡j Avgiv AvRI wek¦vm KiZvg| A_P GB
RygAvi bvgvRB GLv‡b kvmK I kvwm‡Zi `~iZ¡ `~i K‡i cvi¯úwiK wbweo
m¤ú‡K©i mxgvbvq wb‡q G‡m‡Q| miKvi I RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z‡_¨i e¨eavb
A_©vr Bbdi‡gkb M¨vc `~i Kivi GB †h agx©q Abyf~wZwm³ me©vaywbK e¨e¯’v
GgbwU c„w_exi Avi †Kvb ivR‰bwZK gZev` w`‡Z †c‡i‡Q e‡j Avgvi Rvbv
†bB|
wek¦we`¨vjq PZ¡‡i AR¯¿ mvwgqvbvi wb‡P j¶ j¶ gvbyl mg‡eZ nq bvgv‡Ri
Rb¨| ¯^qs †cÖwm‡W›U Bgv‡gi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| †LvZev‡q `uvov‡j nv‡Z
_v‡K A‡Uv‡gwUK †gwkbMvb| G †hb ivm~jyj­vni (mvt) nv‡Zi jvwV, 14kÕ
eQi ci A‡Uvg¨vwUK †gwkbMv‡b cwiYZ n‡q †M‡Q| g‡b nq mg‡qi GB †h
e¨eavb †mUv GLv‡b G‡m `~i n‡q †M‡Q| G †hb mvf©vBfvj Ae w` wd‡U÷-
143
Gi Awbevh© cwiYwZ| c„w_exUv †hvM¨Z‡gi Avevm| Kv‡ji e¨eav‡b
†hvM¨Zvi weeZ©bI Avb‡Z n‡e ¯^vfvweKfv‡e| mg‡qi MwZi mv‡_ Rxeb‡KI
MwZkxj K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e| Biv‡bi mvgwMÖK †bZ…‡Z¡ G w`KUvq †Kvb duvK
†Pv‡L coj bv| Bgv‡gi †LvZevi Rb¨ wZb Pvi ¯—i wewkó †Kvb †gnive bq,
f~wg †_‡K 15 dzU DuPz GKUv Wvqvm, Gi †_‡K †ek wKQz `~‡i GKUv †÷R|
Ggb bv n‡j j¶ j¶ gymj­x‡`i g‡a¨ †LvZev †`qv m¤¢e bq| mg‡eZ
RbZvi msL¨v Abygvb Kivi †Póv Ki‡j fyj n‡e, †Kbbv mvwoe× RbZvi
†kl cÖvš—wU †Pv‡L c‡o bv|
‡LvZev Avgv‡`i †`‡ki gZB `y‡Uv ch©v‡q wef³| G e¨vcv‡i Avgiv 14kÕ
eQi Av‡M i‡q †MwQ| A_©vr †mB cyiv‡bv w`b¸‡jv‡Z †h †LvZev cwi‡ekb
Kiv nZ ûeû †mwU‡K cvV Kiv nq gvÎ| ZvI †mUv cvV Kiv nq Aviex‡Z|
hv A‡b‡KB ïaygvÎ cy‡Y¨i Avkvq †PvL eÜ K‡i A‡Üi gZ ï‡b hvq| wKš‘
MYg‡b Gi we‡kl cÖwZwµqv nq e‡j Avgvi g‡b nq bv|
A_P GLv‡b cÖ_g ch©v‡q †LvZev †`qv nq PjwZ NUbv cÖevn mvg‡b †i‡L|
G‡Z i‡q‡Q RvZxq g~jbxwZi Av‡jv‡K M„nxZ Kg©m~Pxi e¨vL¨v we‡k­lY|
wØZxq ch©v‡q Av‡jvwPZ nq Bmjv‡gi ûKzg AvnKvg I ZvwZ¡K w`K wb‡q|
GLv‡b mg¯— ch©v‡qi miKvix Kg©KZ©v I RvZxq †bZ…e„›` Dcw¯’Z _v‡Kb|
GB †K›`ªxq RvgvqvZ QvovI †`‡ki cÖZ¨š— A‡j GKBfv‡e Ry¤§vi RvgvqvZ
AbywôZ nq| †K›`ªxq RvgvqvZ cieZx©‡Z †Uwjwfk‡b cÖ`wk©Z nq|
Bmjvgx wec­e †h ïaygvÎ ivRZ‡š¿i wfZ‡K Dc‡o †d‡j‡Q, Bgv‡gi fvlvq
Ôeo kqZvbÕ Av‡gwiKv‡K Biv‡bi gvwU †_‡K DrLvZ K‡i‡Q Zv bq; cyuwRev`
I cvðvZ¨ Rxeb `k©bm„ó Biv‡bi RvZxq mËvi Mfx‡i †cÖvw_Z Acms¯‹…wZ‡K
mg~‡j DrcvwUZ Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q|
Z_vKw_Z bvix ¯^vaxbZvi bv‡g †g‡q‡`i‡K gvZ…‡Z¡i gh©v`vi Avmb †_‡K
mwi‡q cyi“l‡`i †fvM wejvm I jvjmvi GKgvÎ mvgMÖx‡Z cwiYZ Kiv nq
wec­e-c~e© Biv‡b| eviv½bv I cÖ‡gv`evjvq cwiYZ nq Biv‡bi AMwYZ bvix|
mgMÖ RvZxq mËvi A‡a©K GB bvix mgvR‡K Awbevh© aŸs‡mi wKbvi †_‡K
gyw³i be w`M‡š— †U‡b Av‡b Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­e| ZvB e‡j Biv‡b bvix
mgvR‡K Aei“× Kiv nqwb| wbwð`ª Ae¸É‡b Ave„Z K‡iI iv‡Lwb| wnRve
144
A_©vr kvjxb †cvkvK cwiwnZ Ae¯’vq Biv‡bi †g‡q‡`i Aeva wePi‡Y †Kvb
evav †bB| Biv‡bi GK cÖvš— †_‡K Ab¨ cÖvš— ch©š— †Kvb †g‡q hw` GKvKx
†nu‡U hvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K ¯úk© Kiv †Zv `~‡ii K_v Zvi w`‡K †jvjyc `„wó‡Z
†KD ZvwK‡qI †`L‡‡Z cvi‡e bv|
AvR‡Ki Biv‡b GKwUI eviewbZv †bB| G m‡ei fvMvi¸‡jv wbg~©j Kiv
n‡q‡Q| cybe©vmb Kiv n‡q‡Q G‡`i| Bmjvgx wec­e G‡`i‡K eviewbZv †_‡K
M„nea~‡Z cwiYZ K‡i‡Q| c‡_ Nv‡U meLv‡b Avgiv †`‡LwQ †g‡q‡`i
AevwiZ c`PviYv wKš‘ kvjxb †cvlv‡K Ave„Z| Z_vKw_Z D`vibxwZi bv‡g
jvjmv m„wó Kivi gZ †Kvb c_B †Lvjv ivLv nqwb| GLvbKvi gwnjviv
ey‡S‡Q wnRve Zv‡`i wbivc` Avkªq I gh©v`vi cÖZxK| ey‡S‡Q Bmjvgx wec­e
†g‡q‡`i AwaKvi msi¶‡Yi DËg M¨vivw›U| AvR‡Ki Bivb wm‡bgv, mvwnZ¨,
wkíKjvi gva¨‡g †g‡q‡`i wnRv‡e DØy× Ki‡Q m~¶vwZm~² †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM
K‡i| Bgv‡gi evYxmg~n Biv‡bi mgMÖ bvix mgvR‡K wnRv‡e DØy× K‡i‡Q
mePvB‡Z †ekx| Bgv‡gi fvlvq : ÔkΓiv Avgv‡`i knx‡`i i³‡K ZZUv fq
K‡i bv hZUv fq K‡i Avgv‡`i †evb I †g‡q‡`i wnRve‡K| wnRve knx‡`i
i‡³i †P‡qI cweÎ|Õ
wec­‡ei ci wnRve cÖPj‡b Z_vKw_Z cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi aŸRvavixiv Gi
wei“‡× gwnjv‡`i D‡ËwRZ Kivi †Póv K‡i| AZ¨š— gyL‡ivPK GKwU †k­vMvb
mvg‡b wb‡q gq`v‡b bv‡g| Zv‡`i `vex- Ô¯^vaxbZvi em‡š— ¯^vaxbZv PvB|Õ
evgcš’x I cvðvZ¨cš’x‡`i cÖ‡ivPbvq nvRviLv‡bK gwnjv cvðvZ¨ †cvlv‡K
mymw¾Z n‡q ivRc‡_ we‡¶vf cÖ`k©b K‡i| Gi K‡qK w`b c‡i `yÕj¶
gwnjv wnRve cwiwnZ Ae¯’vq wnRv‡ei mc‡¶ wgwQj †ei K‡i Bmjv‡gi wei“‡×
`w¶Ycš’x I evgcš’x‡`i GB lohš¿‡K ¸uwo‡q †`q| Avm‡j Biv‡b Bmjvgx
wec­e‡K Zvi Pzovš— j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ cyi“‡li cvkvcvwk †g‡qivI mgvb Zv‡j
GwM‡q P‡j‡Q| 1978 mv‡j 8 †m‡Þ¤^i e­vK d«vB‡W A_©vr Kv‡jv ïµev‡i
†Zniv‡bi ivRc‡_ ¸jx Pvwj‡q †h Pvi nvRvi wbi¯¿ RbZv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq,
Zvi g‡a¨ 6kÕ RbB wQ‡jb gwnjv| GZ eo †Kvievbx `ywbqvi †Kvb wec­‡e
gwnjviv w`‡q‡Q wKbv Avgvi Rvbv †bB|
145
†g‡q‡`i wnRv‡e DØy× K‡i Bivb miKvi Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ †kl K‡i w`‡q‡Q
Ggb bq| †g‡q‡`i wk¶v we¯—vi Ges Avw_©K I mvgvwRK AwaKvi msi¶‡Yi
AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v wb‡q‡Q| †g‡q‡`i ¯^Zš¿ wek¦we`¨vjq ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GgbwK mvgwiK †UªwbsI †`qv n‡”Q nvRvi nvRvi †g‡q‡K| †mw`‡bi Aejv
†g‡q, Z_vKw_Z cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi aviK‡`i µxobK Amnvq †g‡qiv Kuv‡a
eÜzK wb‡q Bmjvgx wec­e I RvZxq B¾Z Avhv`xi AZ›`ª cÖnix‡Z cwiYZ
n‡q‡Q| †Zniv‡bi †g‡q‡`i kvjxb A_P `„ß c`PviYv Avwg AevK we¯§‡q
cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQ Avi †f‡ewQ, wK GK hv`yi ¯ú‡k© mgMÖ Biv‡bi N‡i evB‡i
GKBfv‡e Ggb GKUv wec­e msNwUZ nj|
Biv‡bi wkíKjv I mvwnZ¨ †_‡K Acms¯‹…wZ‡K †SuwU‡q we`vq †`qv n‡q‡Q|
Bmjvgx fveavivq AeMvnb K‡i m½xZ GLb e¨wó †_‡K mgwó‡Z e¨ß
n‡q‡Q| ÔZzwgÕi ¶z`ª cwimi †_‡K †ewi‡q RvZxq mËvq wejxb n‡q‡Q| †fvM
wejv‡mi `ye©jZv †S‡o †d‡j Ava¨vwZ¥K kw³‡Z mg„× n‡q‡Q| Biv‡bi
Pjw”PÎ bZzb RM‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| Bmjv‡gi ¯ú‡k© Pjw”PÎ AvR GKwU
RvZxq kw³| ÔAvU© di AvU©m †mKÕ Ggb †fvM-wejvmx aviYvi AeKvk
Biv‡b †bB| Av‡U©i D‡Ïk¨-gvbyl M‡o †Zvjv| BKev‡ji fvlvq, ÔAv‡U©i
j¶¨ hw` nq gvbyl M‡o †Zvjv Zvn‡j G AvU©B n‡Z cv‡i cqM¤^ixi
DËivwaKvi|Õ cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^cœ`ªóv `vk©wbK Kwe BKev‡ji evYxB †hb Biv‡b
weg~Z©| BKevj AviI e‡j‡QbÑ ÔkvgwkiB mbb AvIqvi ZzmB i“eve
Av‡Li|Õ A_©vr ÔZievix Avi †kŠh©exh© GKUv RvwZi DÌvb G‡b †`q Avi
†mB RvwZi cZb‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i D‡Ïk¨nxb Mvb evRbv| Õ mgªvU evnv`yi
kv‡ni RjmvN‡i hLb MRj Avi Vysixi †iIqvR n‡”Q, GmªvR Avi Zvbcyivi
Zv‡i Zi½ †Zvjv ˆfiexi Avjv‡c nvq`ivev‡`i wbhv‡gi `ievi hLb Zb¥q,
beveiv hLb kiv‡e eyu` n‡q g`vjm Xyjy Xyjy weim †Pv‡L my›`ix mvKxi w`‡K
†P‡q †P‡q i“evBqv‡Z cvV wb‡”Q, wVK †m mgqB Bs‡iRiv mg‡eZ ey‡Ui
AvIqvR Zz‡j ivRc_ Rbc` wMwi-Kvš—vi †cwo‡q jvj †Kj­vq K‡i‡Q
c`vNvZ| Zvici 2kÕeQi wRj­wZi wkKj cwi‡q †i‡L‡Q Dcgnv‡`‡ki
gymigvb‡`i| AvRI Zv‡`i †`qv Ac-ms¯‹…wZ cÖwZwbqZ RvZxq mËv‡K aŸsm
Ki‡Q| c„w_exi GKwU gvÎ †`k Bivb 14kÕ eQi ci mg¯— cÖfve Avi
Pµv‡š—i ey¨n †f` K‡i Avcb gwngvq fv¯^i|
146
wk¶vi †¶‡ÎI Bivb GK Afvebxq cwieZ©b Avb‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| wk¶vi
Øvi Db¥y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨| cvðv‡Z¨i †mev`vm m„wó
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ ïaygvÎ D”P †kªYx‡`i Rb¨ Db¥y³ wk¶v cÖwZôvb¸‡jv eÜ K‡i
GKB wk¶vc×wZi AvIZvq Avbv n‡q‡Q me cÖwZôvb‡K| †h‡Kvb †kªYxi
gvby‡li Rb¨ me wk¶v cÖwZôvb AevwiZ|
wkí cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z cuywRcwZ‡`i AvwacZ¨ I Avgjv‡`i AvwacZ¨ we‡jvc
Kiv n‡q‡Q kªwgK †kªYxi KZ…©Z¡ cÖwZôv K‡i| kªwgK mvavi‡Yi Rxe‡bi gvb
cv‡ë †M‡Q cy‡ivcywi| evgcš’x‡`i GKgvÎ nvwZqvi kªwgK †kªYx Bmjvgx
wec­‡ei ¯ú‡k© †c‡q‡Q bZzb Rxe‡bi mÜvb| kªwgK I Kg©KZ©v‡`i †eZ‡bi
e¨eavb Kwg‡q 1 t 3 G mxgve× n‡q‡Q| GgbwK 8 N›Uv Kg© mg‡qi GK
N›Uv eivÏ Kiv n‡q‡Q kªwgK‡`i Rxeb‡eva weKv‡ki D‡Ï‡k¨, ˆbwZK †Uªwbs
`v‡bi Rb¨|
Biv‡bi KvivMvi¸‡jv GLb wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| wec_Mvgx‡`i‡K
GLv‡b wewfbœfv‡e cvV Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g ¯^vfvweK RxebhvÎvq wdwi‡q
Avbvi Ae¨vnZ cÖqvm Avgiv KvivMvi¸‡jv‡Z Ny‡i Ny‡i †`‡LwQ| †`‡LwQ
gyRv‡n`x‡b Lvj‡Ki m`m¨‡`i I Zz‡`n cvwU©i Zi“Y Kgx©‡`i Ici ej
cÖ‡qvM K‡i bq eis m`vPv‡ii gva¨‡g G‡`i gb-gM‡R Bmjvgx wPš—v-‡PZbv
cÖweó Kiv‡bv n‡”Q| Av‡eM Avi cÖ‡ivPbvi c_ cwinvi K‡i µgkt Zviv
Bmjvgx Rxeb‡ev‡ai w`‡K wd‡i Avm‡Q| †ek wKQz Kvivevmx‡`i mv‡_
Avgv‡`i K_v n‡qwQj, Zv‡`i mevi e³e¨ wQj cÖvq GKB| Zv nj- ÔAvgiv
bZzb c‡_i mÜvb †c‡qwQ, cyivb g‡`i †evZj fvs‡Z Avgv‡`i GKUzI
ms‡KvP †bB| we‡`kx Avi weRvZxq †Mvjvgx Avi bq, weåvwš—i w`b Avgv‡`i
†kl n‡q †M‡Q| Bgv‡gi wb‡`©‡k Avgiv RvZxq ¯^v‡_© KvR K‡i hve|Õ
me‡P‡q eo K_v, Kvivevmx‡`i cwievieM©‡`i A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡qvRb I
mvgvwRK gvh©v`vi w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv nq| Acivax cyÎ A_ev ¯^vgxi Kviv`Ê
n‡j miKviB †mB cwiev‡ii A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡qvRb c~iY K‡i _v‡K A_ev †Kvb
weKí e¨e¯’v †bq| GKUv Acivax‡K kv‡q¯—v Kivi Rb¨ cuvPUv Acivaxi Rb¥
w`‡Z Pvq bv Bivb|
Bmjvg I ZvInxev‡`i cÖK…wZUv m¤¢eZ Avj­vn GgbB K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| hLb
c„w_exi †Kvb Rb‡Mvôx Zv‡`i wR‡›`Mx Ges Zv‡`i mgv‡R G‡K ev¯—evq‡bi
147
†Póv Ki‡e ZLbB †m Rb‡Mvôx‡K `ywbqvi Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`xiv †RvUe× n‡q
me©vZ¥Kfv‡e DrLv‡Zi D‡`¨vM †b‡e| GgbwU bv n‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †mB
Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ Bmjv‡gi mwZ¨Kvi cÖvYkw³ †bB| g„Z jvk‡K †KD AvNvZ
K‡i bv|
ivm~‡j cvK (mvt) †mB mgv‡RiB †kªôZg gvbyl n‡q hLb Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ
w`‡jb, n‡Ki GB `vIqvZ Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`xiv Keyj †Zv K‡iBwb eis
mw¤§wjZfv‡e Bmjvg‡K A¼z‡i webvk Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Q| Rb¥f~wg Z¨vM K‡i
260 gvBj `~‡i gw`bvq wnRiZ K‡iI lohš¿ †_‡K †invB cvbwb wZwb|
¯^vfvweK I cÖvK…wZK wbq‡g Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­e‡K GKB msK‡Ui gy‡LvgywL
`uvov‡Z nq| weRq wQwb‡q Avb‡Z 70 nvRvi gvbyl‡K w`‡Z nj AvZ¥vûwZ,
j¶vwaK gvbyl nj ¶Z we¶Z| GiciI kZvãxi GB †kªôZg wec­e msKU
†_‡K wb®‹„wZ †cj bv| `ywbqvi meKwU civkw³ I Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`xiv
mycwiKwíZfv‡e Biv‡bi m¤§y‡L msK‡Ui AveZ© m„wó Kij|
Av‡gwiKv I Zvi †`vmiiv `yBfv‡e Zv‡`i ¯^v‡_© KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ Kij|
cÖ_gZ cvðvZ¨ cÖfvweZ e¨w³Z¡ mg~‡ni fveg~wZ© eo K‡i Zz‡j aivi †Póv
Kiv njÑ †hgb ¶gZvi PvweKvwV Zv‡`i AbyPi‡`i nv‡Z G‡m c‡o|
Avš—©RvwZK cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jv‡K e¨envi Kiv nj GKB D‡Ï‡k¨|
wØZxqZt Bmjvgx †bZ…eM©, hviv Abgbxq I Av‡cvlnxb, hv‡`i we‡eK‡K
†Kbv m¤¢e n‡e bv, Zv‡`i Rxebbv‡ki cwiKíbv †bqv nj| wec­‡ei gvÎ
`yÕgv‡mi g‡a¨B Bmjvgx Biv‡bi mk¯¿ evwnbxi cÖ_g Pxd Ae ÷vd †Rbv‡ij
Kvqvbx‡K Lybx‡`i j¶¨e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ Kiv nq| Bmjvgx wPš—vwe` AvqvZzj­vn
†gvZvnvix‡K Lyb Kiv nq| knx` n‡jb †gvdv‡Ën, KvRx ZvevZvB, W±i
†enk&Zx, †iRvB I evnv‡bvi-Gi gZ cÖ_g †kªYxi e¨w³Z¡| iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i
Lyb nj eû wec­ex i¶x, †Znivb cwiYZ nj mš¿vmev‡`i AvLovq|
ebxm`i ¶gZvmxb n‡q Av‡gwiKvb bxjb·v gZ KvR ïi“ Kij| mycwiKwíZ
fv‡e Bgv‡gi fveg~wZ© bó Kivi D‡`¨vM wbj| wec­‡ei Bmjvgx PwiÎ nbb
K‡i G‡Z RvZxqZvev`x PwiÎ Av‡iv‡ci †Póv Kiv nj| RbMY‡K j¶¨Pz¨Z
KivB wQj Gi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨|
wmAvBGi m~²vwZm~² Pµvš— Dcjwä Ki‡Z Biv‡bi wec­ex RbZvi evwK
iB‡jv bv| wec­ex QvÎiv †Mv‡q›`ve„wËi AvÇvLvbv †Znivb¯’ Av‡gwiKvb
148
`~Zvevm `Lj Kij| Av‡gwiKvi Rb¨ wQj GUv cÖPÊ AvNvZ| hyM hyM a‡i
†Mv‡q›`v ZrciZvi Øviv we¯—…Z cÖPviYv Pvwi‡q Av‡gwiKv wek¦evmxi mvg‡b
Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi `vbe wn‡m‡e wPwýZ n‡qwQj| †mB fveg~wZ© †f‡O coj|
†hb wn›`ykv‡¯¿i wek¦msnvix Kvjx g~wZ©i wemRb© nj `~Zvevm `L‡ji gva¨‡g|
Av‡gwiKv Biv‡bi m¤ú` AvUK Kij| G‡ZI eid Mj‡jv bv| wRw¤§ D×vi I
Biv‡bi †KŠkjMZ Ae¯’vb¸‡jv‡Z aŸsmvZ¥K Awfhvb Pvjv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨
cwiPvwjZ lohš¿ †Lv`vi †g‡nievbx‡Z Zvev‡mi gi“ evjyKvq mgvwa¯’ nj|
Gici Av‡gwiKv gwiqv n‡q DVj| Biv‡bi wei“‡× Av‡gwiKvi Ae¯’vb Avi
`„‡k¨i evB‡i iBj bv| GKw`‡K Dch©ycwi Aš—N©v‡Zi gva¨‡g Ges ewbm`‡ii
Kg©KvÊ w`‡q av‡c av‡c †MvUv †`k‡K AivRKZvi w`‡K Ges Afy¨Ìv‡bi
w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q Pjj, Ab¨w`‡K BivK‡K w`‡q cÖPÊ AvNvZ †n‡b Bivb‡K
kv‡q¯—v Ki‡Z PvBj| N‡i evB‡i meLv‡b mew`K w`‡q Bivb‡K wech©¯— K‡i
Zzjj Av‡gwiKv|
Avwki †m‡Þ¤^‡i fq¼i Avµg‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q GK `xN©‡gqv`x hy‡×i m~Pbv
Kij BivK| †evgv Avi †Mvjvi AvNv‡Z eo eo kni¸‡jv weaŸ¯— nj|
Kvm‡i wkwib, Avev`vb, Lyiig kni, Bjg mvjvg‡P, †`Rdzj Ges bvdZ
kn‡ii 20 jvL gvbyl nj ev¯‘nviv| weivU weivU `vjvb ¸uwo‡q gvwUi mv‡_
wgwk‡q †`qv nj| †evgv I †Mvjvi AvNv‡Z aŸs‡mi AewkóUzKzI eyj‡WvRvi
w`‡q aywjm¨vZ Kiv nj| †Pw½m Avi nvjvKzi †cÖZvZ¥v †hb mvÏv‡gi Ici fi
Kij| ZvZvix Avµg‡Yi gy‡L †hgb evM`v` Rbgvbenxb weaŸ¯— bMix‡Z
cwiYZ nq, mxgv‡š—i mg„× kni¸‡jv‡Z BivK †ZgbB b„ksmZvi ¯^v¶i
ivLj| GBme aŸsm¯—~c Avwg e¨vcKfv‡e Ny‡i Ny‡i cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQ|
cvðv‡Z¨i me KwU civkw³i wecixZ ej‡q Ae¯’vb K‡iI cÖv‡P¨i †mvwf‡qZ
BDwbqb BivK‡K me©vaywbK mgiv¯¿ mieivn Kij| gymjgvb n‡qI
Av‡gwiKvi Bw½‡Z dvnv`, nvmvb, †nv‡mb, mv`vZ, cÖgyLiv cÖZ¨¶fv‡e Ges
c‡iv¶fv‡e mn‡hvwMZv Kij BivK‡K|
GKvkxi 28 Ryb Av‡gwiKvi P‡iiv †evgv †g‡i Wt †e‡nkZxmn 72 Rb
cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨‡K GKBw`‡b GKB RvqMvq knx` Ki‡jv| RygAvi bvgv‡Ri
Bgvg AvqvZzj­vn gv`vbx, AvqvZzj­vn hv`yKx, AvqvZzj­vn `¯—Mxi, AvqvZzj­vn
B¯úvnvbx mn AMwYZ †`k‡cÖwgK Øxwb Av‡jg I MY‡bZv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nj|
149
kwn`x i‡³ mÄxweZ n‡q M‡R© DVj mgMÖ RvwZ| Av‡gwiKvi `vjvj
ewbm`i‡K c`Z¨vM Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv nj| hy‡×i MwZ cv‡ë †Mj|
cÖwZNv‡Zi m¤§yLxb nj Biv‡Ki AvMÖvmx evwnbx| Bmjv‡gi ˆmwbKiv Zv‡`i
Zvwo‡q wb‡q †Mj Biv‡Ki gvwU‡Z| KzPµxiv ZLb kvwš—i mc‡¶ hy×weiwZi
Rb¨ gwiqv n‡q DVj| cvðv‡Z¨i cÖwZwµqvkxj cÖPvi gva¨gmg~n, hviv
GZw`b AvMÖvm‡bi mc‡¶ wek¦ RbgZ M‡o †Zvjvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQj| Zv‡`i
K‡É †kvbv †Mj bZzb Mvb| Avwki 13 Rvbyqvix w` UvBg‡mi m¤úv`Kxq‡Z
†jLv njÑ Never invade a revolution. wec­e‡K AvNvZ K‡iv bv| GKB
m¤úv`Kxq‡Z ejv njÑ Enexpected resistance offeredby the Iranian
in the face of Iraqui armoured advances. BivKx †Mvj›`v‡Ri
Avµg‡Yi gy‡L Biv‡bi cÖwZ‡iva AcÖZ¨vwkZ|
Biv‡b Avgiv mßv`y‡qK Ae¯’vb K‡iwQ| G mgq¸‡jv‡Z g‡b n‡q‡Q Avwg
AvZ¥xq cwi‡ewóZ n‡q Ae¯’vb K‡iwQ Avgvi Avcb M„‡n| Biv‡bi
gvbyl¸‡jv‡K g‡b n‡q‡Q Avgvi AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq| gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨I g‡b nqwb 2
nvRvi gvB‡ji e¨eav‡b Aew¯’Z GB †`kwU‡Z Avwg GKRb AwZw_| GLv‡b
m¤úw›`Z n‡Z †`‡LwQ Avgvi AvZ¥vi cÖwZaŸwb, †`‡LwQ Avgvi `xN© w`‡bi
jvwjZ ¯^‡cœi weg~Z© cÖKvk| KZ †mŠfvM¨evb G‡`‡ki gvbyl| G‡`i Rxeb,
G‡`i gyZy¨, G‡`i msMÖvg, G‡`i mvabv GK gnvb j‡¶¨ AvewZ©Z n‡”Q|
GLv‡b GB gvwU‡Z gi‡YI myL, †eu‡P _vKvq wbweo cÖkvwš—, msMÖv‡g Ac~e©
wkniY| Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡QÑ Avg„Zz¨ GLv‡b hw` _vK‡Z cviZvg| wKš‘
AvR‡KB Biv‡b Avgvi Ae¯’v‡bi †kl w`b AvMvgxKvj 22 AvM÷ 1982
¯^‡`‡ki D‡Ï‡k¨ wegv‡b Pvc‡Z n‡e|
Avevi fvj K‡i †`Lvi B”Qv RvM‡jv| †kl ev‡ii gZ †`Lvi B”Qv nj
G‡`‡ki ¯^vaxb gvbyl¸‡jvi `„ß c`PviYv| c‡_ bvgjvg| Pvwiw`‡K †PvL
eywj‡q nuvUwQ| †kvnv`v †¯‹vqv‡ii w`‡K GwM‡q P‡jwQ| †`qv‡j †`qv‡j
UvOv‡bv Bgv‡gi cÖwZ”Qwe| KZ wewPÎ ˆkwíK AvL‡i cywic~Y© n‡q Av‡Q
†`qvj¸‡jv| Bs‡iRx dvimx‡Z †jLv ARmª †k­vMvb| Avj­vû AvKevi jv
Bjvnv Bj­vû QvovI ARmª †KviAv‡bi DׄwZ, †hw`‡K ZvKvB †mw`‡K †PvL
c‡o| Bs‡iRx‡Z †jLv Neither East nor West, Islam is the best. G ïay
†`qv‡ji wjLb bq| `yB civkw³‡K Bivbxiv `yB KbyB‡qi ¸‡Zvq `yB cÖv‡š—
150
mwi‡q †i‡L‡Q| Hkx wb‡`©k‡KB Zviv g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i GKgvÎ c_|
BwZnv‡mi MwZavivq gv‡·©i Øvw›ØK c_ cwiµg K‡i Bmjvg AvR‡Ki Biv‡b
†hb †mbw_wm‡mi Awbevh© cwiYwZ n‡q G‡m‡Q| `vw›ØK c×wZ we‡k­lY Ki‡j
†Zv GUv Ggwb‡ZB my¯úó n‡q I‡V| cuywRev` w_wmm, mgvRZš¿ Gw›Uw_wmm,
Bmjvg †mbw_wmm| †h †Kvb weQvi we‡k­l‡Y Bmjvg GKwU Z…Zxq †mªvZ, Avj
†KviAv‡bi fvlvq ga¨c_|
GKUv †`qv‡ji wjLb †Pv‡L coj| Biv‡bi wec­ex RbZvi GB wjLb
mgvRZ‡š¿i Av‡e‡M ZvwoZ `ywbqvi wbM„nxZ gvby‡li †PvL †Lvjvi Rb¨
h‡_ó| Ryjyg wbcxob †kvlY eÂbv Aemv‡bi mgvRZ‡š¿i GK‡PwUqv
BRviv`vixi wei“‡× GUv‡K GKUv P¨v‡jÄ ej‡Z nq| †`qv‡j †jLv wQjÑ
Mr. Marks, Is riligion opium of the society? Arise and see, the religion
has created a revolution, not economic forces. wgt gvK©m, ag© wK mwZ¨
Avwdg! I‡Vv, D‡V †`L, A_©‰bwZK kw³ bq, ag©B m„wó K‡i‡Q GKwU wec­e|
Avwg cojvg| evi evi cojvg| g‡b nj Avgvi †`‡ki wec­ex Zi“Y‡`i
Rb¨ A‡bK wKQz †c‡q †MwQ| GK wbweo cÖkvwš— wb‡q wd‡i Gjvg †nv‡U‡j|
AvMvgx Kvj XvKvq wd‡i hve|
151
bq
Ô`~i Avi‡ei ¯^cb †`wL evsjv‡`‡ki KzwUi n‡Z|Õ G ïay RvZxq Kwe KvRx
bRi“‡ji ¯^cœ bq| G ¯^cœ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi cÖv‡Yi Awfe¨w³|
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi Av‡eM weׄZ n‡q‡Q KvRx Kwei †mB gigx
Mv‡bi cÖ_g Kwj‡Z wKš‘ KqR‡bi fv‡M¨ †Rv‡U| AvRb¥ jvwjj G ¯^cœ wQj
Avgvi, gvi B‡”Q wQj, Avwg †Rj †_‡K †ei“‡j Avgv‡K wb‡q n‡¾ hv‡e|
ivm~‡ji †`‡k| ivm~‡j cv‡Ki (mvt) c`PviYvq cweÎ gvwUi mvnP‡h© nvex‡e
†Lv`vi wbtk¦vm cÖk¦vm mÄvZ wbg©j nvIqvi ms¯ú‡k© †mB AvivdvZ, †mB
Lvbv-G-Kvev, †mB iIRv †gveviK, †mB gmwR‡` beex‡Z Avgv‡K wb‡q
gv‡qi Nyivi KZ †h mva wQj †m Avwg Rvwb| †mB Ac~Y© mva ey‡K wb‡q gv
Avgvi wPi wb`ªvi †Kv‡j Nywg‡q †M‡Qb| gv B‡š—Kvj K‡i‡Qb wKš‘ gv‡qi
†mB ¯^cœ, †mB mva Avgvi g‡a¨ cÖevwnZ †i‡L‡Qb| evB‡i G‡m gy³ Av‡jv
evZv‡mI gv‡qi †mB AZ…ß AvKv•¶v, Ac~Y© mva‡K Nygv‡Z w`Bwb| mgq I
my‡hv‡Mi cÖZx¶vq cÖni ¸bwQjvg|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ Bivb mdi †kl n‡q‡Q| i³ Avi Av¸‡bi Zzdvb eQ‡ii ci eQi
e‡q P‡j‡Q †h gvwU‡Z| †mB knx`x Lyb Avi Lv‡Ki †Quvqv wb‡q Avgvi
msMÖvgx †PZbv‡K kvwbZ K‡i G‡mwQ| GLb ivm~‡ji †`‡ki DËß evjyKvq
`uvwo‡q jy nvIqvi Av¸‡b R¡‡j cy‡i LuvwU n‡Z PvB, wbLv` Ki‡Z PvB Avgvi
cÖZ¨q‡K| Gi Rb¨ w`b ivZ Avj­vni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡iwQ| Avj­vni iv¯—vq
Pjv gymvwd‡ii wb‡Ri B”Qv e‡j †Zv wKQz _vK‡Z †bB| 40 eQ‡ii `ÊcÖvß
GKRb K‡q`xi 10 eQ‡ii g‡a¨B Lvjvm njvg, †mI‡Zv Avj­vni B”Qv|
KvivMv‡ii AÜ cÖ‡Kv‡ô Avgvi gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Avwg GKvKvi n‡q †MwQ| Zuvi
B”Qvi Kv‡Q mgwc©Z K‡iwQ wb‡R‡K| Avgvi gv‡qi Awš—g B”Qv GB n¾
cvj‡bi my‡hvM wZwbB Avgv‡K K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| wbqgbxwZi †eov wWwO‡q
n‡¾¡i w`b¶Y wVK n‡q †M‡Q| GK cv GK cv K‡i †mB w`bwUI G‡m
Dcw¯’Z|
152
weivwk 14 A‡±vei| ZLb ivZ| wbw`©ó mg‡qi †ek Av‡M wRqv Avš—R©vwZK
wegvb e›`‡i Dcw¯’Z njvg| Avwg I KvRx AvwRRyj nK fvB, we‡klÁ Wvt
gÄyi †gv‡k©` fvB‡qi mn‡hvwMZvq| Av‡jvq Sjgj Pvwiw`K| GKUv RxY©
kxY© K¼vjmvi igYxi †gKAvc Kiv gyL †hb GB XvKv wRqv Avš—R©vwZK
wegvb e›`i| g‡b nj, `vwi`ª-¯úk©Zvq weeY©, wee¯¿ igYxi gyLveq‡e
†ebvimxi †NvgUv| †MvUv †`‡k AÜKv‡ii Agvwbkv Avi GLv‡b Av‡jvi
eb¨v| g‡b nj RxY© †`nUvi mg¯— i³ wmwiÄ w`‡q †U‡b G‡b mg¯— gyLgʇj
Qwo‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| wK wewPÎ G‡`k †mjyKvm! ÔwbivbeŸvBÕ-Gi Nv‡o cv
†i‡L ÔGKÕ Ggwb K‡i wRÁvmv wP‡ýi gZ Avi KZw`b `uvwo‡q _vK‡e?
gÄyi fvB whwb GB kx‡Zi iv‡Z Kó ¯^xKvi K‡i wegvb e›`‡i Avgv‡`i wb‡q
G‡jb Ges Avgv‡`i wegvb AvKv‡k cvLv †gjvi c‡iI AvR‡Ki ivZUv
wegvb e›`‡iB Zv‡K KvUv‡Z n‡e| GB gÄyi gyi‡k` fvB Zvi cÖvB‡fU Kv‡i
e‡m K_v ej‡Z wM‡q GKmgq Avgv‡K Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb Zvi Rxe‡bi †mB DËvj
w`b¸‡jvi K_v| gÄyi fvB cvwK¯—vb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni m`m¨ wn‡m‡e XvKv
K‡j‡R KvRx AvwRRyj nK fvB‡qi †bZ…‡Z¡ KvR Ki‡Zb| †gavex Z¨vMx
m`vjvwc cÖkvš—-wPË wgwófvlx mvnmx Kg©x wn‡m‡e 60Õi `k‡K Zvi myL¨vwZ
wQj| nvwg`yi ingvb Z_vKw_Z wk¶v Kwgkb wi‡cv‡U©i wei“‡× Av‡›`vjb
Ki‡Z wM‡q AvwRR fvB‡qi mv‡_ wZwbI KviveiY K‡ib| Õ71 mv‡j RvZxq
hyMmwܶ‡Y e­vK 16 wW‡m¤^‡ii ci Zvi cÖwZ‡ekx Zv‡K gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri nv‡Z
awi‡q †`b| wRÁvmvev‡`i mgq Zv‡K AZ¨š— Akvjxbfv‡e Zz”Q-Zvw”Qj¨
Kiv nw”Qj| GB `y‡h©vMc~Y© msKUgq gyn~‡Z© wZwb `„pZvi mv‡_ Zvi f~wgKv †h
mwVK wQj †m K_v e¨³ Ki‡Z fy‡jbwb| wZwb GI e‡jb †h, ÔCgvbx `vwqZ¡
g‡b K‡iB Avgiv †`k I RvwZi Av`k© Aw¯—Z¡ i¶vi ZvwM‡` GB KvR
K‡iwQ| Avgv‡`i f~wgKv wQj wbLv` †`k‡cÖg †_‡KB DrmvwiZ| Avcbv‡`i
mv‡_ Avgv‡`i cv_©K¨ ïay ivR‰bwZK `„wófw½i|Õ Gfv‡e gÄyi fvB g„Zz¨i
gy‡LvgywL `uvwo‡qI †Kvb iKg RoZvI ivLXvK bv †i‡L h_v_© Reve
w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zv‡K Avje`i KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e c„_Kfv‡e ivLv nq wKš‘
Avj­vni Kz`iwZ ing‡Z wZwb †mLvb †_‡K A‡jŠwKKfv‡e mvaviY e›`x‡`i
mv‡_ wg‡k wM‡q wbwðZ g„Zz¨i nvZ †_‡K i¶v cvb| eZ©gv‡b wZwb we‡klÁ
153
Wv³vi wn‡m‡e †`‡k-we‡`‡k myL¨vwZi mv‡_ RvZxq Rxe‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i Avm‡Qb|
ivZ 10Uvq evsjv‡`k wegv‡bi GK †evwqs G Avgiv cv ivLjvg| wKQz¶‡Yi
g‡a¨ evZv‡m fi w`‡q wegvb cÖPÊ †e‡M D‡o Pjj| †fvi nq nq| m~h©Uv
ZLbI D‡Vwb| †NvlYv-ïbjvg-ÔwKQz¶‡Yi g‡a¨ wegvb †RÏvi gvwU ¯úk©
Ki‡e| †h hvi wm‡Ui †eë †eu‡a wbj| Avwg B‡”Q K‡iB euvajvg bv|Õ
wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨ GKUv SuvKzwb Abyfe Kijvg| eySjvg †evwqswU gvwU ¯úk©
K‡i‡Q| AvwRR fvB ej‡jbÑ G‡m †MwQ| cv cv K‡i `iRvi Kv‡Q GwM‡q
Pjjvg| †b‡gB wegvb e›`‡ii Mvox‡Z DVjvg| MvoxwU wb‡q Gj Avgv‡`i
Mš—‡e¨i †`vi †Mvovq| Kv÷gm I Ab¨vb¨ Awdmvi Avgv‡`i gvjvgvj †PK
Ki‡jb| †PK Ki‡jb KvMRcÎ| A‡bK e„× Avi †cÖŠp‡`i g‡a¨ mD`x
Awdmviiv mw›`» †Pv‡L Avgv‡`i A‡bK wKQz wRÁvmvev` Ki‡jb| Zv‡`i
e¨env‡i kvjxbZv I mf¨Zvi Afve †`Ljvg| n‡Z cv‡i, Avgiv Zv‡`i
`„wó‡Z wgmwKb †`‡ki gvbyl e‡j Avgv‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i AvPiY GgbwU|
ZvQvov Giv †`‡L‡Q Avgv‡`i †bZ…e„›`‡K wf¶vi Szwj wb‡q Zv‡`i kvnx
`iev‡i aY©v w`‡Z| Gic‡i Avgv‡`i cÖwZ AeÁv I A‡mŠRb¨g~jK AvPiY
hw` K‡i _v‡K Zv‡Z I‡`i †`vl Lye GKUv †`qv hvq bv|
wegvb e›`‡ii AvbyôvwbKZv †kl n‡j Avgiv g°vi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKUv Mvox‡Z
DVjvg| cÖk¯— Avi g„mY c_| cÖPÊ MwZ‡Z Mvox GwM‡q Pj‡Q| wKš‘
SuvKzwbi †jkgvÎ †bB| `yÕcv‡k mey‡Ri mgv‡ivn| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki gZ
AK…wÎg cÖK…wZi Aweb¨¯— †mŠ›`h© †bB| abKz‡eix kvnx †Lhv‡j cwiKwíwZfv‡e
mywbw`©ó e¨eav‡b MvQ¸‡jv jvMvb n‡q‡Q| Mvox GwM‡q Pj‡Q| wm‡bgvi c`©vi
gZ cvwicvwk©K `„k¨¸‡jv AZ¨š— `ª“Z wcQz nU‡Q| wKQz¶‡Yi g‡a¨ gi“f~wgi
k~b¨Zv Avi gv‡S gv‡S wew¶ß gi“`¨vb †Pv‡L coj| Nwii w`‡K ZvKvjvg
N›Uv †cwo‡q †M‡Q mvg‡b †QvU †QvU cvnvo, cvnvo¸‡jv †hb `ª“Z GwM‡q
Avm‡Q| GK mgq Avgv‡`i Mvox cvnv‡oi ga¨eZ©x c‡_ G‡m coj| Gevi
`yÕcv‡k cvnvo| cvnvo¸‡jv‡Z No evox| cÖvPxb‡Z¡i †Kvb Qvc †bB, bZzb
bZzb wWRvB‡b G¸‡jv ˆZix| g°v kn‡i G‡m cojvg| gbUv Abvwej
cweÎZvq cwic~Y© n‡q DVj|
154
Mvox Lvbv-G-Kvevi KvQvKvwQ G‡m _vgj| Avgiv mK‡j Lvbv-G-Lvevi Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mv‡_ mswk­ó †mŠ`x Avi‡e Ae¯’vbiZ evOvjxiv Avgv‡`i
PZ¡‡i cÖ‡ek Kijvg| ZIqvd †k‡l nhiZ Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi wg¤^i mvg‡b Kv‡Q Avm‡Z jvM‡jb| †`‡k Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Ae¯’v, Rvgvqv‡Z
†i‡L `yÕivKvZ bvgvR cojvg| GB wg¤^v‡i `uvwo‡q wZwb Lvbv-G-Kvevi Bmjvgxi AMÖMwZ, wewfbœ cÖm½ Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Avjvc Av‡jvPbv Pj‡Z
wbg©vY Kv‡R Z`viKx Ki‡Zb| _v‡K| Avgiv RvgvqvZ we‡ivax †Kvb wgkb wb‡q †mŠ`x Avi‡e G‡mwQ GgbwU
†Kvb cwiwPZ gyL †Pv‡L c‡o wKbv Ggb D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q Avgiv Lvbv-G-Kvevi bq| A_P cÖm½ Avmv‡Z Avgv‡`i A‡bK wKQz ej‡Z n‡q‡Q| ej‡Z n‡q‡Q,
Av‡kcv‡k Nyivwdiv KiwQjvg| †ek wKQz¶Y ci nVvr gv‡jK fvB‡K Avgvi Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wec­e‡K cÖKvivš—‡i Lv‡Uv Kivi Rb¨ Rvgvqv‡Zi mvsMVwbK
ZrciZvi j¶¨ wK? †mŠw` Avi‡ei g``‡K Ae¨vnZ ivLvi Rb¨ Z_vKw_Z
†Pv‡L coj| †Kvb GK mgq wZwb QvÎwkwe‡ii Kg©x wQ‡jb, GLb Rvgvqv‡Z
†WRvU© †W‡gvµ¨vmx wb‡q gvZvgvwZ †Kb? Zi“Y‡`i ¶ziavi †PZbvmg~‡n gi‡P
Bmjvgxi m`m¨| KvivMv‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq gv‡S gv‡S wZwb Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv
aiv‡bvi AvZ¥NvZx lohš¿ †Kvb j‡¶¨? Bmjv‡gi mvgwMÖK Av‡e`b ev` w`‡q
Ki‡Zb| gv‡jK fvB Avgv‡K wb‡q knx` fvB‡qi evmvq †M‡jb| knx` fvB
cyivb Kvq`vq cvðvZ¨ MYZš¿ wb‡q ivR‰bwZK PP©vi D‡Ïk¨ wK? Av‡qkx
g°v †gvqv‡¾gvq Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg mv‡n‡ei we‡kl cÖwZwbwa| mD`x Rxeb hvc‡bi Rb¨ †Rnv‡`i gq`vb †Q‡o Rvgvqv‡Zi msMÖvg weg~L evwYwR¨K
Avi‡e Kg©iZ RvgvqvZ mg_©K‡`i wbKU †_‡K Puv`v msMÖn Kiv Zvi KvR| Kg©m~Pxi cÖeYZv †Kvb w`‡K? Avgv‡`i Avjvc Av‡jvPbv wec­ex †PZbvm¤úbœ
knx` fvB Avje`i wQ‡jb| XvKv KvivMv‡i Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK© AviI RvgvqZ mg_©K I Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ `vi“Y cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq|
wbweo n‡q I‡V| wZwb Avgv‡K †`‡L wew¯§Z n‡jb| Avgvi Dcw¯’wZ
knx` fvB Abyfe Ki‡jb †h Avgiv GLv‡b _vK‡j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx Kg©xiv
Awek¦vm¨ †VKwQj Zvi Kv‡Q| †Kbbv 10 eQ‡ii g‡a¨B Avwg Qvov cve Ggb
Zvi nvZQvov n‡q hv‡e| nq‡Zv AvMvgx‡Z Puv`v †`IqvI eÜ n‡Z cv‡i|
aviYv Zvi wQj bv| Avgv‡K †c‡qB wZwb Avgv‡K Rwo‡q ai‡jb| Zvici
Ggb m¤¢vebv AuvP K‡i Avgv‡`i‡K GLvb †_‡K weZvwoZ Kivi loh‡š¿ †g‡Z
Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb Avgvi gyw³i BwZe„Ë| Ly‡j ejjvg| msMV‡bi mv‡_
DV‡jb| Ae¯’v †`‡L Avgvi g‡b nj †h wZwb AviI Mfxi loh‡š¿ wjß n‡Z
m¤ú‡K©i K_v Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb| ZvI ejjvg| wKš‘ Avgvi DËi ï‡b Avgv‡K
cv‡ib| cywjk‡K msev` †`qvI wewPÎ bq| kvnx cywj‡kiv wec­ex gvbwmKZvi
gyiZv` fve‡jb wKbv Rvwbbv Z‡e Lykx †h n‡Z cvi‡jb bv, eySv †Mj ¯úó|
eû †jvK‡K wbwe©Pv‡i Lyb K‡i‡Q Ggb BwZnvmI Av‡Q| Avwg I AvwRR fvB
wZwb `ytL cÖKvk K‡i ej‡jbÑ Avgiv Avcbvi Kv‡Q Ggb wKQz Avkv Kwiwb,
civgk© K‡i †mLvb †_‡K †K‡U cojvg|
msMV‡bi AMÖMvgx f~wgKvq Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z †P‡qwQjvg|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ Bivbx‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i †hvMv‡hvM n‡q †M‡Q| Bmjv‡gi g~j
ejjvgÑ AvwgI Ggb cÖZ¨vkv wb‡q †RjLvbvq gyw³i cÖni ¸‡bwQ| Kviv
cÖvYkw³i w`‡K we‡k¦i gymjgvb‡`i wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ Bivbxiv wjd‡jU I
cÖ‡Kv‡ô †_‡KI Avwg Rvgvqv‡Zi `vIqvZ w`‡qwQ| ZiweqZx †cÖvMÖvg Pvjy
†cv÷v‡ii gva¨‡g nvRx‡`i AvnŸvb Rvbv‡Zb| G QvovI mvgªvR¨ev`x
†i‡LwQ| evB‡i G‡m A‡bK †Póv K‡iI G¨vWRv÷ Ki‡Z cvijvg bv| `xN©
kw³mg~n I Zv‡`i †mev`vm cÖwZwµqvkxj kvmK P‡µi wei“‡× wek¦-RbgZ
w`b a‡i †h wec­ex wPš—v-†PZbv A‡bK So-SuvcUvi g‡a¨ euvwP‡q †i‡LwQ,
m„wói Rb¨ Bivbxiv mwµq wQj| Avgiv †¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Øxwb `vwqZ¡ g‡b
†mUv‡K wec­ex wegyL †Kvb msMV‡b Rwo‡q bó Ki‡Z PvBwb| GUv hw` Avgvi
K‡i Zv‡`i GB gnr Kv‡R kixK njvg|
fyj n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j nq‡Zv n‡q‡Q †Lv`vi Kv‡QB Gi Revew`wn Kie|
GKw`b Avwg wKQz wjd‡jU wb‡q evsjv‡`kx nvRx‡`i g‡a¨ wewj KiwQ| Ggb
knx` fvB‡ii mv‡_ †Kvb DËß Av‡jvPbvq Rov‡Z PvBwb| wZwbI cÖm½Uv
mgq †`Ljvg, wKQz cywjk Avgvi MwZwewa j¶¨ Ki‡Q| AviI †`Ljvg Zviv
†ekx `~i Mov‡Z PvB‡jb bv| wZwb Avgv‡`i Rb¨ †g‡nievbx K‡i _vKv
b‡o P‡i DVj| Pvwiw`K †_‡K cywjk Avgv‡K j¶¨ K‡i GwM‡q Avm‡Q|
LvIqvi Av‡qvRb K‡i w`‡jb| hw`I e¨qUv Avgv‡`iB enb Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|

155 156
Zv‡`i MwZwewai Ici i‡q‡Q Avgvi mZK© `„wó| †eKvq`v Ae¯’v AuvP K‡i
RbZvi wf‡oi g‡a¨ Zvr¶wYKfv‡e nvwi‡q †Mjvg| Zvici my‡hvM ey‡S
cywj‡ki †Pv‡L ay‡jv w`‡q m‡i †Mjvg A‡bK `~‡i|
K‡qKw`b †cwi‡q †Mj| Avgv‡`i wK g‡b nj, knx` fvB‡qi evmvq B‡”Q
K‡i Gjvg| n‡Z cv‡i GUv Ae‡PZb g‡bi cÖwZwµqv, cÖv‡bi UvbI ejv
hvq| †Kbbv GK mgq Avgiv ci¯ú‡ii mn‡hvMx n‡q GKB Av‡›`vjb Ges
Abyf~wZi GKB ¯—‡i `uvwo‡qwQjvg|
†`Ljvg Rvgvqv‡Zi †K›`ªxq †bZv gIjvbv †gvnv¤§` Avjx I Aa¨vcK
BDmyd Avjx fvB Avm‡Qb| †`‡L LywkB njvg| ZvivI AvKw¯§Kfv‡e
Avgv‡K †Lv` g°vq †`‡L nZevK| Aek¨ weg~p ejv hv‡e bv| †Kbbv GLv‡b
Avgv‡`i AvmvUv †Zgb Avnvgwi †Kvb NUbv bq| †gvnv¤§` Avjx fvB
ej‡jbÑ ÔDc‡i Av‡mb|Õ Avgvi Ici Zvi Av`wk©K `vex wb‡q wZwb nq‡Zv
Dc‡i Avm‡Z ej‡jb wKš‘ Avwg eo fvB‡qi Av‡`k g‡b K‡i Zv‡K AbymiY
Kijvg| mv‡_ AvwRR fvBI i‡q‡Qb|
†gvnv¤§` Avjx fvB Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ K_v cvo‡jb| ej‡jbÑ ÔAvgiv †Zv
iv‡eZv‡q Avj‡g Bmjvgxi `vIqv‡Z G‡mwQ| cvwK¯—vb †_‡K Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgxi Avgxi wgqv †Zvdv‡qj Avng` mv‡neI G‡m‡Qb| wKš‘ Avcbviv?Õ
cÖkœ ivL‡jb wZwb|
ejjvgÑÔAb¨vb¨iv †hgb G‡m‡Qb AvgivI wVK †Zgwb G‡mwQ| Z‡e GB
cuv‡K †Rnv‡`i diR GK AvaUz Av`vq Kivi †Póv KiwQ|Õ
wR‡Ám Ki‡jbÑ ÔZvi gv‡b?Õ
ejjvgÑ ÔBivb cweÎ g°v‡K †K›`ª K‡i Avš—R©vwZK Bmjvgx wec­‡ei mc‡¶
†h wek¦ RbgZ M‡o Zzj‡Z PvB‡Q Avgiv Zvi ¶z`ªvwZ¶z`ª Askx`vi|Õ
†gvnv¤§` Avjx fvB Pg‡K DV‡jb| D‡ËwRZ n‡q ej‡jbÑ ÔwK ej‡Z
Pv‡”Qb?Õ
Avgiv my¯úófv‡e †Kvb iKg ivLXvK bv K‡i ejjvg, i“k-gvwK©b-BmivBj
I Ab¨vb¨ mvgªvR¨ev`x kqZvbx kw³i wei“‡× Avgiv KvR KiwQ|
cÖwZwµqvkxj Zv‡e`vi Avie iv‡óªi wei“‡×I Avgiv †mv”Pvi| Bmjv‡gi
cweÎ GjvKvmg~n we‡kl K‡i Lvbv-B-Kvev‡K Zv‡e`vixi gwmwjß ivRZ‡š¿i
157
nvZ †_‡K gy³ Ki‡Z PvB|Õ Avgv‡`i cÖwZwU kã †hb †gvnv¤§` Avjx
fvB‡qi KwjRvq Zx‡ii gZ we× nj| D‡ËRbv Zz‡½ DVj| Zvi gw¯—‡®‹ †hb
cÖPÛ So e‡q P‡j‡Q| D‡ËwRZ K‡É ej‡jbÑÔAvcbviv Rv‡bb Bivbxiv
wkqv?Õ †ek wKQz `ye©j nvw`‡mi DׄwZ w`‡q Zvi K_vi h_v_©Zv cÖgvY Kivi
†Póv Ki‡jb| kqZvb †Kv_vq evmv †eu‡a‡Q Zvi Dw³ †_‡K Avgiv my¯úó
ey‡S †djjvg| †KviAv‡b ejv n‡q‡QÑÔkqZvb Wvb w`K †_‡K, evg w`K
†_‡K, m¤§yL †_‡K, †cQb †_‡K AvµgY K‡i gvbyl‡K weåvš— K‡i _v‡K|Õ
wec­e-wegyL Ajm gw¯—‡®‹ kqZvb †Wiv euva‡e GUvB †Zv ¯^vfvweK| GK
fqven Kvievjvi c_ AwZµg K‡i, kZ kZ eQ‡ii AÜKvi hy‡Mi Aemvb
NUv‡bv Biv‡bi bZzb m~‡h©v`q hv‡`i †Pv‡L c‡o bv, eyS‡Z n‡e Zviv GLbI
†Kvb kiv‡ei †bkvq eyu` n‡q Av‡Q| A_P my`xN© 40 eQi a‡i GivB GK
bZzb m~‡h©v`‡qi ¯^cœ †`‡L Avm‡Q|
AvwRR fvB ej‡jbÑÔBivbxiv wkqv GUv bZzb wKQz bq| `ywbqvi mevB Rv‡b|
Bgvg †Lv‡gbx mybœxi `vex K‡i‡Qb Ggb NUbv Avgv‡`i Rvbv †bB| Z‡e
Avcbv‡`i Ges cÖwZwµqvkxj‡`i cÖkœ GKUvB, hv Ly‡j‡g‡j Avcbviv ej‡Qb
bv| Zv njÑ wkqviv †Kvb AwaKv‡i 14kÕ eQi ci Bmjvg cÖwZwôZ Kij?
mybœx ivóªmg~‡n g`, Ryqv †g‡q‡`i †e‡jj­cbv, cuywRev`x †kvlY, mgvRZvwš¿K
wbwcob Kv‡qgxfv‡e envj _vKv m‡Ë¡I AvqvZzj­vn †Lv‡gbx Gme DrLvZ
Ki‡jb †Kb? †K AwaKvi w`j Zv‡K? Lv‡`gyj nvivgvBb †mŠw` kvmK‡Mvôx
mvgªvR¨ev`x Av‡gwiKvi c`‡jnb Kiv m‡Ë¡I gvwK©bx‡`i NuvwU mg~n DrLvZ
Kiv nj †Kb? G cÖkœ¸‡jvi Reve mwZ¨B KwVb| KvR¸‡jv Kv‡di Qvov Avi
Ki‡e †K?Õ
Avgv‡`i K_v ï‡b †gvnv¤§` Avjx fvB GKUz big my‡i ej‡jbÑ ÔBiv‡bi
Bmjvgx wec­e wb‡f©Rvj Bmjvgx wec­e wKbv †mUv wm×vš— †bqvi GLbI mgq
Av‡mwb, AviI Avgv‡`i ch©‡e¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb|Õ
ejjvgÑÔmvgªvR¨ev`xi Kv‡jv nvZ Biv‡bi KÉbvjx †P‡c a‡i‡Q| Avcbviv
Pv‡”Qb Bivb weaŸ¯— n‡j Zvi aŸsm¯—~‡ci Ici `uvwo‡q hy‡Mi ci hyM M‡elYv
K‡i wm×vš— wb‡eb Bivbx wec­e Bmjvgx wQj wKbv, GB‡Zv! wec­‡ei 3 eQi
ciI hviv wec­e m¤ú‡K© wm×vš— wb‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv wbR¯^ Av‡›`vjb‡K
158
†Kvbw`bI Zvi gwćj wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| ZvQvov Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi
cÖwZôvZv I g~j e¨w³Z¡ gIjvbv mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x hLb Biv‡bi
Bmjvgx wec­e‡K Zvi Ôü`‡qi ¯ú›`bÕ e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| †m †¶‡Î †mB
wec­e m¤^‡Ü Avcbv‡`i Awbnv †_‡K wK AuvP Kie Avgiv|Õ
†gvnv¤§` Avjx fvB Gevi e‡jbÑÔwkqv m¤^‡Ü Avgv‡`i mZK© `„wóf½x wb‡q
we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| ZvQvov Bmjv‡gi bv‡g †Kvb wKQz NU‡j G wb‡q
Avgv‡`i gvZvgvwZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB| Avcbviv †hLv‡b mnR
Dcjwä wb‡q wPš—v Ki‡eb, Avgv‡`i †mLv‡b Mfxifv‡e Zwj‡q †`L‡Z n‡e|Õ
Avgiv ejjvgÑ ÔAvš—R©vwZK cwiw¯’wZi Ici mZK©fv‡e gš—e¨ Ki‡Z n‡e G
mZ¨UzKz †g‡b wb‡jI GUv ej‡Z nq, BLIqvbyj gym‡jgx‡bi Ici wbh©vZ‡bi
e¨vcv‡i Avcbviv †hgb gvZvgvwZ K‡i‡Qb, †mB GKB `vex wb‡q Bivbxiv
Avcbv‡`i ˆbwZK mg_©b Avkv K‡i| †Kbbv Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ Zuv‡`i †Kvievbx
mePvB‡Z †ekx| wb‡f©Rv‡ji cÖkœ Zzj‡Z cv‡ib| ivm~jyj­vni cÖZ¨¶
Av‡›`vjb Qvov wb‡f©Rv‡ji `vex Avi †KD Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Ggb wK
Rvgvqv‡Z BmjvgxI cÖkœvZxZ bq| Avgiv g‡b Kwi, Bmjv‡gi AvIqvR
c„w_exi †h cÖvš— Avi hvi Øviv DwÌZ †nvK bv †Kb, Zvi †gŠwjK `„wófw½
wbix¶Y K‡i Zvr¶wYKfv‡e mg_©b †`qv cÖ‡Z¨KwU gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡| Avi
G `vwqZ¡byf~wZ hv‡`i †fZ‡i †bB, Zv‡`i m¤^‡Ü GUvB fve‡Z n‡e †h, nq
Zviv cwiw¯’wZ m¤^‡Ü Mv‡dj bq‡Zv †Kv_vI Zv‡`i we‡eK eÜK n‡q Av‡Q|
Avcbv‡`i m¤^‡Ü Avgiv †Kvb gš—e¨ ivL‡Z PvB bv| ïay GUzKz ej‡Z PvB
Avgv‡`i m‡PZb we‡e‡Ki Dcjwä‡K AvnZ Kivi †Póv Ki‡eb bv| Ggb
GKw`b wQj, Avcbv‡`i K_vq A‡Üi gZ P‡jwQ| GZ So SÂv, GZ NvZ-
cÖwZNvZ, GZ PovB DrovB‡qi g‡a¨ GwM‡q Avmvi ci AvRI Avcbviv Pvb
Avgiv Avcbv‡`i‡K A‡Üi gZ AbymiY Kwi| wKš‘ †mUv m¤¢e n‡e bv|
Avcbv‡`i‡KI Avgiv evwR‡q †`Le Avcbviv KZLvwb wbLyuZ, KZLvwb
wb‡f©Rvj|
Av‡jvPbv Avi †ekx `xN©vwqZ Ki‡Z PvBjvg bv| G‡Z wZ³Zv evo‡e ˆe
Kg‡e bv| Avgiv †kl Ki‡Z PvBjvg| ZvivI Ggb Pvw”Q‡jb| †Kvb iKg
AvbyôvwbKZv Qvov mgvwß NUj| Av‡jvPbvi ïi“‡Z †h Avš—wiKZv wQj
159
`„wófw½i cv_©K¨ my¯úó nIqv‡Z †klUvq Avi †Zgb _vKj bv| Avgiv wd‡i
Gjvg Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v‡b|
g°vq _vKv Ae¯’vq mvgªvR¨ev` we‡ivax Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ¯^v‡_© Avgv‡`i
Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡Zv| †Kbbv mvgªvR¨ev`x Pµ GLv‡bI Zrci|
Zv‡e`vi mD`x ev`kvn Zvi †Mv‡q›`v evwnbx I cywjk evwnbx‡K †jwj‡q
w`‡q‡Q Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwµq Kg©x‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨| cywjk I
†Mv‡q›`v‡`i mÜvbx †PvL †_‡K wb‡R‡`i Mv euvwP‡q Avgiv evsjvfvlx
gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ KvR K‡i P‡jwQ| evsjv‡`k nvRx mwgwZi mfvcwZ Rbve
KvRx AvwRRyj nK fvB I mvaviY m¤úv`K Avwg nvRx‡`i wewfbœ wkwei Ny‡i
Ny‡i n‡¾¡i mwZ¨Kvi w¯úwiU Ges Gi Avš—R©vwZK g~j¨ we‡k­lY K‡iwQ|
eywS‡qwQ n¾ †KejgvÎ AvbyôvwbKZv bq| G‡K gyjgvb‡`i Avš—R©vwZK
m‡¤§jb wn‡m‡e Zz‡j a‡iwQ| c„w_exi gymjgvb‡`i mgm¨v GLv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ
n‡Z n‡e|g°v †gvqv¾gv gymjgvb‡`i wbivc` Avkªq| mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Pv‡c
†Kv_vI †Kvb gymjgvb Zvi ¯^vaxb e³e¨ ivL‡Z bv cvi‡jI n‡¾¡ G‡m
wbwe©‡Nœ `ywbqvi gymjgvbiv Zv‡`i mgm¨v Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e, `ywbqvi gymjgvb‡`i
mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Ki‡e, mg¯— gymjgvb‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡e| wKš‘ †nvqvBU
nvD‡mi Bw½‡Z ¯^v‡NvwlZ Lv‡`gyj nvivgvB‡bi cÖwZwµqvkxj Zv‡e`vi mD`x
kvmK‡Mvôx †mUv n‡Z w`‡Z Pvq bv| Zvi Szwji weovj †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i
A_ev cÖMwZkxj Bmjvgx kw³mg~n‡K †cQb w`K †_‡K AvNvZ nvbvi Rb¨
RyeŸvi †fZ‡i jyKvb K…cv‡Yi mÜvb `ywbqvi gymjgvbiv †c‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|
Ggb GK Avk¼vq mD`x kvm‡Kiv kw¼Z| GB Avk¼v wQj Avey jvnve, Avey
†R‡n‡ji| Bmjv‡gi weRq m~wPZ n‡j Zv‡`i Kv‡qgx ¯^v_© I KZ…©‡Z¡i wfZ
Dc‡o hv‡e|
hvB‡nvK, Av‡›`vjb Zxeª †_‡K ZxeªZi Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ Bivbx‡`i mv‡_ †hŠ_
Kg©m~Px †bqvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i mv‡_ wewfbœ †Mvcb ˆeVK wgwjZ nw”Q| GKw`b
wm×vš— †bqv nj AvMvgxKvj GKUv wgwQj †ei Kiv n‡e| K_v njÑ †hLv‡b
cÖvq 10Uv iv¯—v G‡m wg‡k‡Q †mLvb †_‡K wbw`©ó mg‡q GKwU wgwQj cywj‡ki
†eóbx †f` K‡i g°v †gvqv¾gvi cÖavb moK cwiµg Ki‡e Ges †n‡ig
kix‡d bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡e| wKš‘ nvRvi nvRvi cywj‡ki mÜvbx †PvL Gwo‡q
160
j¶ j¶ gvby‡li wgwQj wK K‡i m¤¢e n‡e? wKš‘ †mUvI m¤¢e nj| wb‡`©k
wQjÑ Av‡k cv‡k wewfbœ Kv‡Ri AwQjvq mevB‡K Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z n‡e| wgwQj
ïi“ nIqvi 5 wgwbU Av‡M we`y¨rMwZ‡Z mg‡eZ n‡Z n‡e H †gv‡o Ges
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e wgwQj GwM‡q hv‡e| †hB K_v KvRI wVK †Zgwb nj| gyn~‡Z©
j¶ j¶ gvbyl R‡g †Mj| wgwQj GwM‡q Pj‡Q| cywjk wKQz eySevi Av‡MB
wgwQj MwZ †c‡q †M‡Q| j¶ RbZvi Xj| G Xj Ôi“Lwe wK w`qv evwji
euva|Õ
MwZ i“Lv m¤¢e nj bv| wgwQj GwM‡q Pj‡Q| wKš‘ G e¨vcv‡i cÖwZwµqvkxj
evwnbxi wewfbœ cÖ¯‘wZ wQj| Qv‡`i Dci BU cvU‡Kj wb‡q mv`v †cvlv‡K
cywjk evwnbx ˆZix wQj| ˆZix wQj Mig cvwbi Mvox| ivevi ey‡jU wb‡¶c
Kivi Rb¨ cywj‡kivI wQj cÖ¯‘Z| wgwQj GwM‡q Pj‡Q, GK‡hv‡M nvgjv ïi“
nj| i³v³ ¶Z-we¶Z nj kZ kZ gvbyl| Bivbx †¯^”Qv‡mex‡`i GKwU `j
ïaygvÎ AvnZ‡`i nvmcvZ‡j †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ wb‡qvwRZ wQj| Zviv
we`y¨r‡e‡M Zv‡`i KvR K‡i P‡j‡Q| cywj‡ki weivU weivU `j gv‡S gv‡S
AvKw¯§K †eób w`‡q †MÖdZvi K‡i‡Q wgwQjKvix‡`i wKQz wKQz †jvK‡K| wKš‘
Zey wgwQ‡ji MwZ Awbi“×| wgwQj GwM‡q Pj‡Q| Avgv‡K cywjk †eób
Kij| Zv‡`i GK K_v wn›` wn›`Õ A_©vr Avwg wn›`y¯—vbx| Avgvi †cvlvK
AvkvK †_‡K Zviv Ggb Av›`vR K‡iwQj| Avgvi ci‡b wQj AvjxMwo
cvqRvgv Avi cvÄvex| Avgiv cy‡ivcywi cywj‡ki †eóbxi g‡a¨, cvjv‡bvi
†Kvb c_ †bB|
nVvr †`Ljvg, wgwQ‡ji nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl cywjk‡`i †NivI K‡i †d‡j‡Q|
Uvbv-†nuPov Avi nvZvnvwZ Pj‡Q| GK duv‡K Avwg †K‡U cojvg| Bivbxiv
cywj‡ki nvZ †_‡K Avgv‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ GgbwU K‡i‡Q e‡j Avgvi g‡b
nj| g°v bMix †k­vMv‡b gyLi n‡q DVj| wgwQj GwM‡q Pj‡Q| G †hb
ivm~jyj­vni (mvt) †mB g°v weR‡qi w`b| mywbw`©ó †cÖvMÖvg Abyhvqx wgwQj
†nig kix‡d G‡m †kl nj|
Avgiv mevB Avivdv‡Z iIqvb njvg| †nu‡UB P‡jwQ| cv‡q †nu‡U 1 NÈvq
†cuŠQvb hvq| cvnv‡oi c_ †K‡U †K‡U iv¯—v ˆZix n‡q‡Q| `ywbqvi gymwjg
GK Rvgvqv‡Z bvgvR Av`vq Kijvg| `ywbqvi mv`v-Kv‡jv, Avgxi-Mixe,
ev`kvn dKxi Avivdv‡Zi Db¥y³ A½‡b G‡m GKvKvi Bmjv‡gi mvg¨ I
161
†mŠåvZ…‡Z¡i mygnvb Av‡e`b GLv‡b gywZ©gvb n‡q D‡V‡Q| Db¥y³ AvKv‡ki
wb‡P DËß †iv‡`i cÖPÊ Mi‡gi g‡a¨I †hvni AvQ‡ii bvgvR Av`vq Kijvg|
Avgiv gyR`v‡jdvq gvMwie Gkv GK mv‡_ Av`v‡qi ci †mLv‡b wK GK
Abvwej Avb›` Abyfe Kijvg| †mUv cÖKvk Kivi fvlv Avgvi Rvbv †bB|
wgbvq G‡m bRi“‡ji GKwU KweZvi cÖ_g PiY g‡b cojÑ ÔI‡i nZ¨v bq
AvR mZ¨vMÖn kw³i D‡Øvab|Õ †Kvievbxi GZ wecyj Av‡qvRb †Kb? †Kb
j¶ j¶ cï‡K wgbvi gq`v‡b R‡en Kiv nq? ïaygvÎ nhiZ Beªvnxg
(Avt)Gi mybœZ‡K mgybœZ ivLvi Rb¨? bv, Zv bq| †Lv`vi mš‘wói Rb¨
†Kvievbx †`qvi GK gvbwmK cÖ¯‘wZ| GLvbKvi cï †Kvievbx GKUv cÖZxK
gvÎ| G †Kvievbxi A_© †Lv`vi `iev‡i cybivq A½xKvi Kiv †h, gIjv
Avgiv cÖ¯‘Z, †Zvgvi mš‘wói Rb¨ Avgiv cÖ¯‘Z|
ÔAvKv‡k †njvb w`‡q cvnvo Nygvq H|Õ Db¥y³ AvKv‡ki wb‡P mvivivZei ˆbk¨
Gev`Z †hb AvKv‡k †njvb w`‡q cvnvo¸‡jv Nywg‡q Av‡Q| cvnv‡oi ci
cvnvo| †QvU eo cvnv‡oi wewPÎ mgv‡ek GLv‡b| gvbyl ¯^vaxbfv‡e †h
†hLv‡b B”Qv Ae¯’vb wb‡q ˆbk¨ Gev`‡Z gk¸j n‡q †M‡Q| AvKv‡k j¶
j¶ ZviKv †hb ch©‡e¶‡Ki gZ cvnviv w`‡”Q| iv‡Zi cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvby‡li
Gev`Z e‡›`Mxi GK GKwU mv¶x †hb Iiv GZ weivU MYmgv‡ek A_P
wbtkã Pvwiw`K| ˆbmwM©K cwi‡e‡k mvivivZ Gev`Z Kijvg| cÖvYf‡i
WvKjvg Avgvi cÖfy, Avgvi gIjv, Avgvi gvwjK‡K|
gyR`v‡jdv †_‡K wgbv| wgbv †_‡K g°vq, Zvici g`xbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv
njvg| `yÕcv‡k evwj Avi evwji mgy`ª| cvwo w`w”Q Avgiv| AvR †_‡K 50
eQi Av‡M G `yM©g gi“ cvi nZ gvbyl D‡Ui wc‡V| ZLb Kx `ytmn wQj GB
c_-cwiµgv| Avj­vni Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i ïKwiqv †h wZwb weÁv‡bi AMÖhvÎv‡K
Ae¨vnZ †i‡L gvby‡li Kó‡K KZ jvNe K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
dR‡ii bvgvR †kl n‡j wgbvq G‡m nvwRiv cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨‡K †Kvievbx †`q|
j¶ j¶ cï R‡en nj GLv‡b| AvwRR fvB Avi Avwg †ivRv †i‡L
†Kvievbxi `vwqZ¡ Gwo‡q †Mjvg| GLv‡b nvRvi nvRvi Ub †MvkZ& Avi j¶
j¶ cïi Pvgovi AcPq †`‡L Avgv‡`i Lvivc †j‡M‡Q| gIjvbv mvB‡q`
Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`xi civg‡k© mD`x miKvi †MvkZ& msi¶‡Yi †h e¨e¯’v
162
wb‡q‡Q †mUv cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq AcÖZzj| G e¨vcv‡i `ywbqvi gymjgvb‡`i
wPš—v-fvebv K‡i mw¤§wjZ D‡`¨vM †bqv DwPZ| Aewk¨ cweÎ g°v g`xbvi
Lv‡`g †Kvb GK we‡kl ivóª n‡j `ywbqvi Ab¨vb¨ gymwjg iv‡óªi `vq-`vwqZ¡
†Zgb _v‡K bv|
hvB‡nvK Avgiv g`xbvq G‡m cojvg| G‡mB Mfxi AvMÖ‡n gmwR‡` beexi
w`‡K G¸jvg| GB †mB gmwR`, bex Kixg (mvt) GLvb †_‡KB Zuvi
ivR‰bwZK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb| GLvb †_‡KB ˆmb¨ cwiPvjbv K‡i
mgKvjxb mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³¸‡jvi wfwË Dc‡o †d‡j‡Qb| cÖkvmwbK Av‡`k-
wb‡`©k GLvb †_‡K †`qv nZ| GLv‡b e‡mB we‡`kx ivóª`~Z‡`i mv¶vrKvi
w`‡Zb| GLv‡bB ag©xq I Ava¨vwZ¥K cÖwk¶Y †`qv nZ| G gmwR` †_‡KB
c„w_exi BwZnvm cv‡ë‡Qb wZwb|
wKš‘ †hw`b gmwR` †_‡K cÖkvmb‡K wew”Qbœ Kiv nj †mw`b †_‡KB
AatcwZZ nj Bbmvd| GKcv GKcv K‡i AatcZ‡ib w`‡K GwM‡q Pjj
Bmjvg I gymjgvb! Avj­vni Abykvmb e`‡j Gj e¨w³MZ gwR© Avi †Lvk-
‡Lqvj| GK K_vq ˆ¯^ivPvi| BKev‡ji fvlvqÑÔRy`v †nv Øxb wmqvmvZ †m
†Zv ivnhvZx n¨vq †Pw½RxÑ Øxb †_‡K ivRbxwZ wew”Qbœ Ki‡j †mLv‡b weivR
K‡i †Pw½‡mi ee©iZv| AvR‡Ki AatcwZZ gymjgvbiv †Pw½‡Ri †mB
ee©‡ivwPZ `ytkvm‡b AvewZ©Z n‡”Q| ivRcÖvmv` Avi ivRKxq Hk¦‡h©i Ici
`uvwo‡qI Avi‡ei kvmKiv AvR civkw³i Kv‡Q bZRvby|
ax‡i ax‡i gmwR‡`i w`‡K GwM‡q PjwQ| ivm~‡j‡Lv`vi (mvt) c`aywj wb‡q †h
gmwR` Avi †MŠi‡ei kx‡l© †mLv‡b bvgvR c‡o †`vqv K‡i gnvb Avj­vni
AbyMÖn cvevi Mfxi cÖZ¨vkvq gbUv D‡Øj n‡q Av‡Q| gmwR‡` cv ivLwQ
Ggb mgq Kv‡b evRj A‡bK gvby‡li Ki“Y Kvbœv| MY-¸Ä‡bi gZ Kvbœv
gmwR‡`i †fZi †_‡K †f‡m Avm‡Q| we¯§q Avi wenŸjZv wb‡q GwM‡q
Pjjvg| †`Ljvg A‡bK gvbyl hv‡`i A‡b‡Ki cv †bB, nvZ †bB| A_P
Zv‡`i Av`j †_‡K Hk¦wiK †R¨vwZ wVK&‡i †ei“‡”Q| Iiv Kuv`‡Q, WyK‡i
WyK‡i Kuv`‡Q|
163
`y‡Uv nvZ Dc‡i Zz‡j cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q Iiv| Aš—‡i RgvU euvab e¨_vi AkÖ“ †hb
Bk‡Ki DËv‡c M‡j M‡j Si‡Q| Iiv Kuv`‡QÑ I‡`i mKi“Y Kvbœvi D”Q¡vm,
I‡`i e¨_v wbM©wjZ Av‡e`b, I‡`i AkÖ“ wbwm³ wgbwZ, I‡`i †e`bv_©
AvnvRvwi‡Z g‡b nj GKUv So DV‡Q, cÖjq¼ix Bk‡Ki Zzdvb| GB Zzdv‡b
Av‡kK Avi gvïK GKvKvi n‡q †M‡Q| g‡b nj, Avj­vni Avi‡ki mv‡_
Gme wbh©vwZZ gvby‡li e¨eavb GK wgwjwgUviI †bB| Avgiv A‡bK gvbyl,
†`‡k we‡`‡ki A‡bK gvbyl AevK we¯§‡q †`LwQjvg| Awff~Z n‡q
†`wQjvg| GB Awb›` my›`i Hk¦wiK `„k¨wU| ü`q weMwjZ D”Q¡v‡m AvgivI
†hb _i_i K‡i KuvcwQ| Bk‡Ki gvZg †hb Avgv‡`i Qzu‡q †M‡Q| mevi
†Pv‡L euvafvOv AkÖ“|
GBme Bivbx hyeK, GK w`‡K G‡`i Z¨vM Avi †Kvievbx, Ab¨w`‡K †Lv`vi
cÖwZ Mfxi Av¯’v Avi wbweo Avmw³ †`‡L Avgiv wew¯§Z n‡qwQ| cÖ‡Z¨KwU
gvby‡li bxie wRÁvmvÑ wK Aciva wQj Gme Zzi“Y‡`i? Aciva †Zv
GKwUB| evwZj gZev`‡K DrLvZ K‡i Giv Avj­vni Øxb‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z
†P‡qwQj| mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i c`‡jnx `ytkvm‡bi Aemvb NwU‡q Avj­vni AvBb
cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj Giv| Avi‡ei AvBqv‡g Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi aviK ivRv
ev`kvn Avi Avgxi Igivn, Bmjv‡gi `ykgb Av‡gwiKvi Bw½Z mvÏv‡gi
Ici fi K‡i‡Q| Avie RvZxqZvi bv‡g Z_vKw_Z Kv‡`wkqvi bv‡g Bmjvgx
Bivb‡K AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q| Biv‡bi Avevje„×ewbZv Avj­vni bv‡g RvbevwR
†i‡L cÖPÊ cÖwZNvZ K‡i‡Q| †mBme iYv½‡Y AvnZ Zi“Y Giv| G‡`i
†Kvievbx G‡`i i³v³ BwZnvmI GKw`b Avi‡ei Zi“Y‡`i †ZŠnx`ev‡`
DØy× Ki‡e| Zi“Y cÖv‡Yi ZvRv i³ cvb K‡iB GKw`b Rv‡nwjqvZ gy³ n‡e
Avie| Avgv‡`i †`vqv, wek¦ gymjgvb‡`i †`vqv, GBme wbh©vwZZ Zi“Y‡`i
†`vqv †_‡K GKw`b wbgœPvc m„wó n‡e Avie mvM‡i| Zvici cÖjq¼ix cÖPÊ
So DV‡e| Gici †gN †K‡U hv‡e| AvKvk cwi®‹vi n‡e| bZzb K‡i
AveviI Bmjv‡gi weKvk NU‡e|
ivm~j (mvt) e‡j‡QbÑ ÔAvgvi †gnive I iIRvi ga©¨eZ©x ¯’vbwU †e‡nk‡Zi
UzKiv we‡kl|Õ GB ¯’vbwU‡Z bvgvR covi we‡kl dwRjZ g‡b K‡i eû nvRx
164
GLv‡b wfo Rgvq| Avwg I AvwRR fvB GLv‡b mKv‡j G‡m `ycyi ch©š—
Ae¯’vb Kwi| GLv‡b bvgvR Kvjvg I Zmwen-Zvnwj‡ji g‡a¨ Avgv‡`i mgq
AwZevwnZ nq| †Lv`vi we‡kl ing‡Z Avgiv GLv‡b GZLvwb mgq
†c‡qwQjvg, hv †Kvbfv‡e cvIqv m¤¢e bq|
gmwR‡` beexi mvgb¨ `w¶‡Y iIRv kixd| GLv‡b ivm~‡j cvK (mvt) kvwqZ
i‡q‡Qb| Zuvi Ke‡ii cv‡k Bmjv‡gi gnvb Lwjdv nhiZ Avey eKi (ivt),
nRiZ Igi (ivt) kvwqZ i‡q‡Q| mg¯— iIRv kixd †jŠncÖvPxi †ewóZ|
Avgiv A‡bK gvby‡li wf‡o iIRv kix‡di wbKUeZ©x ¯’v‡b `uvwo‡q mvjvg
w`‡q `iƒ` kixd cvV Kijvg|
GLv‡b G‡m gvbyl Av‡e‡M Avc­yZ n‡q c‡o| Avgiv Avgv‡`i ü`q wbsov‡bv
kª×v wb‡e`b Kijvg ivm~‡j †Lv`v (mvt)I wbKUZg mvnvev‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨|
gmwR‡` beex †_‡K RvbœvZzj evKxi `~iZ¡ gvÎ †cvqv gvBj| Bmjv‡gi
Av‡Z¥vrmM©Kvix gnvb ˆmwbK‡`i A‡b‡KB Nywg‡q Av‡Qb GLv‡b| GLv‡b
i‡q‡Q nhiZ AveŸvm (ivt), nhiZ Imgvb (ivt), nhiZ dvwZgv (ivt),
Bgvg nvmvb (ivt), Rqbvj Av‡e`xb (ivt), Bgvg gv‡jK (ivt) cÖgyL gnvb
e¨w³Z¡| GLv‡b kvwqZ gnvgvbe‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ Aš—‡ii Aš—¯’j †_‡K kÖ×v
wb‡ew`Z nj| Avgiv `yÕnvZ Zz‡j Avj­vni `iev‡i †gvbvRvZ Kijvg|
g`xbv †_‡K iIqvbv njvg †RÏv| Avgiv †h Mvox‡Z D‡VwQ †m Mvox‡Z Avi
hviv wQj G‡`i mevB cvwK¯—vb †mbvevwnbxi †jvK| evnivB‡b Kg©iZ
i‡q‡Qb| †RÏv ch©š— Avgiv GKB c_hvÎx| g‡b g‡b ejjvg, fvjB nj GK
mv‡_ wKQz¶Y Avjvc n‡e| AvwRR fvB Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi cwiPq w`‡jb
Avgvi BwZe„Ë †U‡b| Avgvi 10 eQi Kvivev‡mi †fvMvwš—i K_vI ev`
ivL‡jb bv| Gi d‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK© Avš—wiK n‡q DV‡jv|
Zv‡`i mبenvi, Zv‡`i Aš—i½ msjvc, Zv‡`i AK…wÎg åvZ…Z¡‡eva Avgvi
`vi“Y fvj jvMj| Zviv ej‡jbÑ wZwb KzPµxi loh‡š¿ Avgiv wew”Qbœ
n‡qwQ| Avgvi wn‡meI GB wZbR‡bi bvg i‡q‡Q| kx‡l© gywRe-fy‡Æv-
Bw›`iv| GB wZb R‡bi †hŠ_ K~U-Pµvš— c~e©v‡ji 8 †KvwU gvbyl‡K †U‡b
G‡bwQj GK fqven msK‡Ui †`vo †Mvovq| †`Ljvg Zv‡`iI GKB Abyf~wZ!
165
gymjgvb i³v³ nj| †`k wQbœwfbœ nj, dvq`v wbj wn›`y¯—vb| Iiv ej‡jbÑ
Ôwdi wg‡j‡½ nvg †`v‡bvÕ Avwg fvejvgÑ ÔmeKzQ& jyUv‡K ûum‡b Avqv‡Zv †Kqv
†Kqv|Õ gy‡L ejjvg, ÔAvcbv‡`i Abyf~wZ Avi Avgv‡`i RbM‡Yi Abyf~wZ
†Zv GKB wQj fvB| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i kvmK‡Mvôxiv Avgv‡`i weåvš— K‡i‡Q,
weåvš— K‡i‡Q Avgv‡`i †bZviv| PUK`vi †k­vMv‡b Avgiv f~‡jwQ, fyj c‡_
PvwjZ n‡qwQ|Õ
AviI ejjvgÑÔAvcbviv åvZ…Z¡ †eva wb‡q †h GKÎxKi‡Yi wPš—vfvebv
Ki‡Qb †mUv †Kvb w`bI Avi m¤¢e n‡e bv|Õ Zviv ej‡jbÑÔAv‡Mi gZ bv
n‡jI Aš—Z Kb‡dWv‡ikb †Zv n‡Z cv‡i|Õ
ejjvgÑÔKb‡dWv‡ik‡bi ¯^c‡¶ nq‡Zv †Kvb w`b ivq cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
GKÎxKi‡Yi wPš—vfvebv G‡Kev‡i fyj| eis GUvB fvj Avgiv `~i †_‡K GK
fvB Avi GK fvB‡K mg‡e`bv Rvbve| cÖ‡qvR‡b mvnvh¨ Kie| †KD
AvMÖvm‡bi gy‡LvgywL n‡j Avgiv ci¯ú‡ii cv‡k `uvove|
†RÏv †_‡K wd‡i Pjjvg Avevi g°vq| GLb Avgv‡`i N‡i †divi ZvMv`v|
Kv‡djvi ci Kv‡djv wd‡i hv‡”Q| Rxe‡bi bZzb w`K-wb‡`©kbv wb‡q wd‡i
Pj‡Q Zviv Avcb M„‡n| nvRx‡`i Dcjwäi bZzb dmj‡K KZUzKz Kzov‡Z
†c‡i‡Q Rvwbbv| cvðv‡Z¨i Acms¯‹…wZ I welv³ wPš—vavivi c­ve‡b †f‡m
hvIqv c„w_exi weivb gq`v‡b nvRxiv Zv‡`i Kzov‡bv dm‡ji †K KZUzKz
Qov‡Z cvi‡e ZvI Av›`vR Kiv gykwKj| †Kbbv i“k-Av‡gwiKv cÖfvevwš^Z
cÖwZwµqvkxj kvmK‡Mvôxiv †PvL eÜ K‡i e‡m _vK‡e Ggb †Zv n‡Z cv‡i
bv| Zviv Mv‡dj n‡jI wmAvBG †KwRwe Mv‡dj _vK‡e Gg‡Zv bq|
nvRx‡`i bZzb †PZbv bZzb Dcjwä cÖwZwµqvkxj Pµiv †K‡o wb‡Z KZ¶Y!
Zey †`vqv Ki‡ev Avj­vni Kv‡QÑ ÔmevB‡K †Zvgvi Øx‡bi Rb¨ KvR Kivi
ZIwdK w`I, gvwjK|
166
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Avj e`i GKwU bvg| HwZnvwmK I HwZn¨evnx cweÎ G bv‡gi mv‡_ Rwo‡q
Av‡Q GKwU cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×i BwZnvm| GLb †_‡K wZb hyM Av‡M GKwU
we‡kl mg‡q GKwU m¤¢ve¨ `yM©wZi †cÖ¶vc‡U GKwU we‡kl Kvh©Kvi‡Y GB
bv‡gi cðv‡Z msMwVZ n‡qwQj G‡`‡ki m‡PZb †`k‡cÖwgK `vwqZ¡kxj
Zi“Yiv| evsjv‡`‡kvËi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKwU we‡kl gnj †_‡K mg‡q Amg‡q
GZ †ekx we‡lv`Mvi Kiv n‡q‡Q †h mZ¨wcÖq AbymwÜrmy AmsL¨ gvbyl AvR
†mB Ac-cÖPvi weåvwš— I N„bvi NyY©ve‡Z© Lvwe Lv‡”Q| Gi ¯^vfvweK cwiYwZ‡Z
mwZ¨Kvi BwZnvm weK…wZ I weåvwš—i AZj MnŸ‡i Zwj‡q †M‡Q AvR|
evBZzj
HwZnvwmK cUf~wg
Avj e`i bvgKiYwU D™¢yZ n‡q‡Q 1400 eQi Av‡M gw`bvi †`vi‡Mvovq
e`icÖv‡š— msNwUZ nK I evwZ‡ji cÖ_g msNv‡Zi BwZnvm †_‡K| hLb
Bmjv‡gi Afy¨`q nq ZLb ïaygvÎ Avi‡ei bq mgMÖ we‡k¦ weivR KiwQj
Rv‡nwjqvZ I ee©iZv| mgKvjxb †ivgvb mf¨Zv I cvim¨ mf¨Zvi g‡a¨
wbwnZ wQj Rv‡nwjqvZ| me©Î PjwQj wbg©g †kvlY wb`vi“Y eÂbv I Ryjyg
wbh©vZb| `yB mf¨Zvi cÖvPzh© I AnsKv‡ii Aš—iv‡j wQj †kvwlZ ewÂZ I
`yM©Z gvby‡li nvnvKvi| Avi mgKvjxb Avi‡e weivR KiwQj †MvÎxq weev`,
cvi¯úwiK Ø›Ø I Ag~jK-A‡hŠw³K msNvZ| i³cvZB wQj GLvbKvi
MYgvby‡li wbZ¨Kvi Kg©| AwaKvsk gvbyl we‡kl K‡i bvix mgvR wQj
AwaKvi ewÂZ| wek¦ gvbeZvi GB `ytmg‡q `yM©wZi w`‡K avegvb gvbe
mf¨Zv‡K kvwš—-k¦w¯— I cÖMwZi mo‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi HwZnvwmK cÖ‡qvR‡b
Bmjv‡gi Afy`¨q n‡qwQj AÜKviv”Qbœ Avi‡ei gi“ cÖvš—‡i|
gnvb Avj­vni cwiKíbv gZ me©‡kl ivm~j I gnvbexi Avwef©ve nj| my`xN©
Pwj­k eQi a‡i GK HwZnvwmK `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡K cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nj
†mB gi“ cÖvš—‡i †hLv‡b weivR K‡iwQj (gy¯—vK‡ewib) cÖf~Z¡Kvgx kw³ Ges
gyd‡mw`b) d¨vmv` m„wóKvix kw³ GB `yB †hŠ_ Ackw³i `vcU| Ab¨w`‡K
wQj 90 kZvsk (gymZv`vwdb) wbh©vwZZ gvby‡li Avnvhvix AvZ©bv` I bxie
167
Kvbœvi ¸‡gvU| GQvovI mswk­ó mgv‡R (mv‡jnxb) mrKg©kxj Ges (gynwmbxb)
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cÖf~Z¡Kvgx I d¨vmv` m„wóKvix kw³i AcKv‡Ûi m¤§y‡L wQj wbiƒcvq I
wbw®Œq|
gvbeZvi GB `yw`©b I `ytmg‡q ivm~j (mv) G‡jb Ges †mv”Pvi K‡É ej‡jbÑ
jv Bjvnv Bj­vj­vn, bvB †Kvb gvey`, bvB †Kvb kw³ Avj­vn Qvov| Zvi K‡É
D”PvwiZ nj HwkevYxÑ Ô†n Avn‡j wKZve Gm †mB K_vi w`‡K hv †Zvgv‡`i
I Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ GK I Awfbœ| Zvn‡jv Avj­vn Qvov †hb Avgiv †KD Kv‡iv
Gev`vZ bv Kwi|Õ (3 : 64) jv Bjvnv Bj­vj­vnÑ GB GKwU gvÎ ev‡K¨i
Kvi‡Y Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x kw³ b‡o DVj Ges Db¥Ë Av‡µv‡m dzu‡m DVj|
Ab¨w`‡K wbh©vwZZ Rb‡Mvôxi hviv m‡PZb Zviv m‡½vc‡b ivm~‡ji `vIqvZ
Keyj Ki‡jb| cÖf~Z¡Kvgx kw³ I wek„sLjv m„wóKvixiv msNe×fv‡e ivm~‡ji
`vIqvZ KeyjKvix bI-gymwjg‡`i Ici Svwc‡q coj| `ytmn Ryjyg
wbcxo‡bi g‡a¨ I bI-gymwjg‡`i msL¨v D‡Ëv‡ivËi e„w× †c‡Z _vKj| GB
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gvwU AvK‡o c‡o iB‡jb Zv‡`i‡K mvgvwRKfv‡e eqKU Kiv nj| wMwi
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cwievi Ges Ab¨vb¨ gymjgvb‡`i|
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Avey †R‡nj I Zvi mn‡hvMx‡`i Avµg‡bi wkKvi nj| GBme msNe×
Ackw³i AvMÖvmb cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ gynvwRi I Avbmvi‡`i ga¨Kvi 313
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eªvþY i‡q‡Q Av‡iv 10 kZvsk me©‡gvU 15 kZvsk| GB 15 kZvsk eªvþY
85 kZvsk RbM‡Yi gv_vq Qwo Nywi‡q _v‡K| fviZ kvm‡b G‡`iB cÖvavb¨
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GK kvLv cwðg cvÄv‡e Dcwbweó nq| Zvnv‡`i c~‡e© G‡`‡k †Kvj-wfj
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171
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175
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177
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179
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180
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181
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wKš‘ Zv Kvh©Ki nqwb| Gev‡i RMr‡kV, Bqvi jwZd Luv, DwgPuv‡`i mn‡hvMx
wn‡m‡e gv‡V bv‡gb| wmiv‡Ri mg_©K‡`i g‡a¨ D‡j­L‡hvM¨ wQ‡jb †mbv
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GB Pzw³i weeiY i‡q‡Q| gxiRvd‡ii ¯^v¶‡i Pzw³‡Z ejv nq : ÔAvwg
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wei“‡× wKfv‡e msNe× I kw³kvjx nw”Qj, wKfv‡e Zviv Zv‡`i j‡¶¨i w`‡K
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cwiw¯’wZ msµvš— Mfxi Dcjwä wQj e„wUk‡`i| 1754 mv‡j R‰bK Bs‡iR
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wj‡LbÑ Ôwn›`y ivRv I Rwg`viiv gymwjg kvmK‡`i cÖwZ me©`v wnsmvZ¥K I
we‡`ªvnx g‡bvfve †cvlY K‡i| †Mvc‡b Zviv gymwjg kvm‡bi nvZ †_‡K
cwiÎv‡Yi c_ Lyu‡R|Õ
GKB mgq †Kv¤úvbxi GKRb wgwjUvix BwÄwbqvi Zvi e„wUk KZ…©c‡¶i wbKU
GKwU wi‡cvU© †ck K‡ib| Zv‡Z wZwb wj‡LwQ‡jbÑ Ôhw` BD‡ivcxq
†mbvevwnbx Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ wmw×i j‡¶¨ mwVKfv‡e wn›`y‡`i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z
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182
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D‡j­L i‡q‡QÑ Ô1757 mv‡j beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjv‡K wmsmnvmb Pz¨Z Kivi
lohš¿ cvwK‡q Zz‡jwQj wn›`y Rwg`vi I wewkó e¨w³iv|
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cÖavbMY wmivRD‡ÏŠjv‡K wmsnvmbPz¨Z Kivi Rb¨ loh‡š¿ wjß n‡qwQ‡jb|
[†K, †K. `Ë. Avjxe`©x GÛ wnR UvBg, c„t 118]|
cjvkx hy‡×i cÖv°v‡j K¬vB‡fi mv‡_ ea©gvb, w`bvRcyi I b`xqvi Rwg`vi‡`i
cÎ †hvMv‡hvM †_‡K ¯úó cÖgvY †g‡j †h, AwMÖg AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i Zviv
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µgewa©òz `vex wgUv‡Z beve AcviM n‡j RMr‡k‡Vi civg‡k© Zviv gnvivRv
K…òP‡›`ªi †bZ…‡Z¡-GK ˆeV‡K wgwjZ n‡q wmivR‡ÏŠjv‡K DrLv‡Zi wm×vš—
MÖnY K‡i| mfvi c‡¶ gnvivRv K…òP›`ª †KvjKvZvq wgt †Wª‡Ki mv‡_ mv¶vr
K‡i Zv‡K bev‡ei wei“‡× hy×hvÎvi Avnevb Rvbvb Ges me©gyLx mvnvh¨
mn‡hvwMZvi Avk¦vm †`b| Ierrititial Aristocracy of Bangla the Naelia
Raj : C.R. 1872 1.V., 107-110.) my‡e evsjvi Kzwjb eY©wn›`y ivRv-
gnvivRviv Avjve`©x‡K w`‡q beve midivR‡K D‡”Q` K‡i †hiƒc dvq`v
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m‰m‡b¨ gywk©`vev` Avµg‡bi Rb¨ bMixi ØvicÖv‡š— nvwRi K‡ib|
wmivRD‡ÏŠjv Zuvi Lvjvi gb Rq K‡i Zvi mg_©b †c‡q hvIqvq w`‡knviv
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m¤ú`-m¤¢vi †KvjKvZvq Bs‡iR‡`i Avkª‡q cvPvi K‡i †`b| Ab¨w`‡K
wmiv‡Ri Lvjv‡Zv fvB cywb©qvi Mfb©i kIKZ Rs‡KI k¨vgmy›`i eveyivB
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183
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56) XvKvi †`Iqvb ivRej­f‡K wnmvecÎ wbix¶‡Yi Rb¨ KvMRcÎmn
gywk©`vev‡` Zje Kiv nq| Zuvi wei“‡× Znwej Zmi“‡di cÖvgvY¨ Awf‡hvM
wQj| wKš‘ wnmve cix¶vi c~‡e©B wZwb Kvwkg evRvi KzwVi cÖavb DBwjqvg
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KjKvZvq AvwkªZ nb| GB K…òej­f‡K cÖZ¨vc©‡Yi Rb¨ bev‡ei `ievi n‡Z
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Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡ib| wØZxq NUbvwU N‡U 1756 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q|
bev‡ei wb‡la m‡Z¡I Bs‡iRiv Zv‡`i †dvU© DBwjqvg (KjKvZvq) `yM©wU‡K
mvgwiK mv‡R mw¾Z K‡i Zzj‡Z ïi“ K‡i| e„× beve Avjxe`©x G `ywU
NUbvi ÔcÖwZKvi K‡i †h‡Z cv‡ibwb|
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wb‡`©k w`‡jb| m‡½ m‡½ bvivqY wmsn bvgK GKRb wek¦¯— `~Z‡K
Bs‡iR‡`i g‡bvfve hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ KjKvZv cvVv‡jb| wKš‘ Bs‡iRiv
bvivqY wmsn‡K Acgvb K‡i KjKvZv n‡Z Zvwo‡q †`q| beve Avevi
Ab¨Zg e¨vsK e¨emvqx LvRv IqvwR`‡K GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ KjKvZv cvVvb|
cici Pvi evi wZwb KjKvZv hvb, wKš‘ Bs‡iRiv Zvi m‡½I mshZ AvPiY
ev Av‡cvlg~jK g‡bvfve cÖ`k©b †KvbwUB K‡iwb|
Gfv‡e bev‡ei Avš—wiK mw`”Qv e¨_© nevi d‡j wZwb `yj©fivg I ûKzg
†eM‡K Kvwkg evRvi KzwV Ae‡iv‡ai wb‡`©k w`‡jb| wgi †gvnv¤§` †Rv Lvb
ûMjx‡Z RvnvR wbM©g‡bi c_ †iva Ki‡jb Ges bev‡ei Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Kvwkg
evRv‡ii cZb NUj| KywV cÖavb IqvU&m& Ges K‡jU‡K m‡½ wb‡q beve
KjKvZvi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡jb| Kvwkg evRvi Ae‡iva I cZ‡bi gva¨‡g
mg‡SvZvq Avm‡Z Bs‡iR‡`i Dci Pvc m„wó KivB bev‡ei D‡Ïk¨ wQj|
cieZ©x NUbvq Zvi cÖgvY wg‡j| LvRv IqvwR‡`i wgkb e¨_© nevi ci
DwgPuv` I kªxevey bvgK R‰bK e¨emvqx mg‡SvZvi cÖ¯—ve †`b| gxgvsmvq
Avmvi Rb¨ bev‡ei wbKU GKRb `~Z cvVv‡Z †WªK‡K Aby‡iva K‡i cÎ
†j‡Lb DBwjqvg IqvUm& I K‡jU| G cÎ cvVvb nq Ij›`vR G‡R›U
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184
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cÖwµqv `ª“Z msµwgZ n‡q c‡o| GK NÈvi g‡a¨ Bs‡iR‡`i mKj RvnvR
cjvZK‡`i wb‡q fvwUi c‡_ cvwo Rgvq...|
... †WªK I Ab¨vb¨‡`i cjvq‡bi ci †dvU© DBwjqv‡gi gvÎ AvURb hy×
cwil‡`i m`m¨ Aewkó iBj| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ njI‡qj iRvi †Wª‡Ki ¯’jeZ©x
Mfb©i wb‡qvwRZ n‡jb| njI‡qj cjvq‡bi †Kvb †bŠKvi Afv‡eB
KjKvZvq †_‡K †h‡Z eva¨ nb Ges wZwbB cieZ©xKv‡j Z_vKw_Z KvíwbK
AÜKzc nZ¨vi Mí Kvwnbxi Rb¥ `vb K‡ib| njI‡qj Mfb©i n‡q GK `ycyi
wU‡K wQ‡jb; Zvi ci AvZ¥mgc©b wfbœ wKQzB Avi Zuvi Kievi iBj bv| 20
Ryb we‡Kj PviUvq KjKvZvi cZb N‡U|
17 RyjvB e›`x‡`i bev‡ei mvg‡b nvwRi Kiv nq| Ab¨w`‡K KvwkgevRvi I
KjKvZvi cZb msev` ci ci gv`ªvR †cuŠ‡Q| d‡j cÖ_‡g †gRi wKj‡cwUªK-
Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ `ywU RvnvR Ges c‡i ievU© K¬vB‡fi †bZ…‡Z¡Ñ cÖPzi ˆmb¨,
†Mvjvevi“` I mvR-miÄvgmn eviwU RvnvR cvVvb nq evsjvq| GB
Awfhv‡bi cÖavb `ywU D‡Ïk¨ wba©vwiZ nq; K. bev‡ei wei“‡× GKwU Afy¨Ìvb
NwU‡q †Kv¤úvbxi B”Qvbyiƒc ¶gZv cwieZ©b : L. †Kv¤úvbxi cÖwZØ›Øx
divmx‡`i P›`b bMi n‡Z DrLvZ|
25 wW‡m¤^i dzjZv †cuŠ‡QB K¬vBf I IqvU&mb ÔKj‡gi m‡½ m‡½ Zievwii
gnov ïi“ K‡ib| 30 wW‡m¤^i Zuviv eReR `Lj K‡ib Ges 2 Rvbyqvix
(1757) KjKvZv cybyi“×vi K‡i †WªK I Zuvi KvDwÝj m`m¨‡`i †dvU©
DBwjqv‡g cÖwZwôZ K‡ib| GB weR‡qi †MŠi‡e Bs‡iRiv 3 Rvbyhvqx beve I
Zuvi †`kevmxi wei“‡× hy× †NvlYv K‡i e‡m| ûMjx kniwU e¨vcKfv‡e
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GK ¶z`ª evwnbx wb‡q ûMjxi Dˇi †cuŠ‡Qb| Bs‡iRiv wd‡i hvq KjKvZv|
185
divmx I Ij›`v‡Riv beve I Bs‡iR‡`i weev‡` ga¨¯’Zvi cÖ¯‘ve †`q| wKš‘
Bs‡iRiv Zv‡`i KvD‡K wek¦vm bv K‡i Gevi LvRv IqvwR‡`i gva¨‡g Zv‡`i
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AvµgY msµvš— ¸Re bZzb Avk¼vi Rb¥ †`q| G Avk¼v beve‡K A‡bKUv
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e‡j AbyfyZ nq| beve Bs‡iR‡`i mv‡_ Av‡cv‡li K_v fve‡Z _v‡Kb GB
Kvi‡Y †hb Ave`vjxi Avµg‡Yi wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iv‡a gb‡hvMx n‡Z cv‡ib|
Iw`‡K bev‡ei Dci P~ovš— AvNvZ nvbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ beve we‡ivax lohš¿ †cv³
nIqvi Rb¨ Bs‡iR‡`iI mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb wQj| Df‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b 1757
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nq| GB mwÜi ci beve AvdMvb AvµgY cÖwZ‡iv‡a g‡bv‡hvMx n‡jb| GB
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cÖfvweZ Kivi my‡hvM †cj Ges Ab¨w`‡K divmx‡`i Dci Svwc‡q coj
m¤¢ve¨ wech©q bvU‡Ki `„k¨ †_‡K divmx‡`i we`vq Kivi Rb¨| evsjvi
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Bs‡iRiv 14 gvP© divmx Aay¨wmZ P›`b bMi Ae‡iva K‡i|
(1757) P›`b bMi Ae‡iv‡ai msev` †c‡q beve `yj©fivg I b›`Kzgvi‡K
Avevi divmx‡`i mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ cvVvb| Bs‡iR‡`i †`qv Ny‡l GeviI Zviv
bxie `k©‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| 23 gvP© P›`b bM‡ii cZb N‡U| divmxiv
evsjvq Zv‡`i me¸‡jv KywV Bs‡iR‡`i †Q‡o w`‡Z eva¨ nq| Zv‡`i wKQz
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186
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Zv‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡a `„p cÖwZÁ wQ‡jb, wKš‘ wecyj cwigvY Ny‡li wewbg‡q
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jv‡fi Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨B Zvi wei“‡× loh‡š¿i Rvj cwic° n‡q I‡V| GB
†jvK¸‡jvi mn‡hvwMZvq K¬vBf Lye mn‡RB beve cÖkvmb‡K cÖvq m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
weKj K‡i †d‡jb Ges bev‡ei †Mvcb KvMR I wPwVcÎ n¯—MZ K‡ib|
beve Gme loh‡š¿i mewKQz Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ e¨vcK we¯—…Z GB loh‡š¿i
wei“‡× ZLb Zuvi wKQzB Kivi wQ‡jv bv| KviY, wZwb KvD‡KB wek¦vm‡hvM¨
we‡ePbv Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb|Õ cÖ‡dmi Avãyi iwng wj‡L‡Qb, 23 GwcÖj (1757)
Bó BwÛqv †Kv¤úvbxi †KvjKvZv KvDwÝj beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjv‡K wmsnvmb
Py¨Z Kivi Rb¨ GKwU cÖ¯—ve cvm K‡i| wnj wj‡L‡Qb †h, K¬vBf DwgPuv`‡K
bev‡ei wei“‡× lohš¿ M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R e¨envi K‡ib|Õ
Ab¨w`‡K W±i †gvni AvjxÑ 1757 mv‡ji cqjv †g AbywôZ †dvU© DBwjqvg
wm‡j± KwgwUi weeiY w`‡q wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔwmivR‡K DrLv‡Zi Rb¨ cwiKíbv
cÖYqb Kiv nq| GB cwiKíbv MÖn‡Yi ci gywk©`vev‡`i A`~‡i cjvkx cÖvš—‡i
K¬vBf Zuvi ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek ïi“ K‡ib| gxiRvdi I `yj©f iv‡gi †bZ…‡Z¡ beve
15,000 nvRvi ˆm‡b¨i GK evwnbx †cÖiY K‡ib| Gw`‡K gywk©`vev‡`i
Bs‡iR cÖwZwbwa IqvUm ZLbB hy× bv euvwa‡q ˆmb¨ cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i KjKvZvq
my‡hv‡Mi cÖZx¶v Ki‡Z K¬vBf‡K Dc‡`k †`b| K¬vBf Zv †g‡b †bb Ges
beve‡KI Zuvi ˆmb¨ cÖZ¨vnv‡ii Aby‡iva Rvbvb| Bs‡iR‡`i AvPiY bev‡ei
g‡b m‡›`‡ni m„wó K‡i; wZwb Zuvi evwnbx Acmvi‡Yi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| K¬vBf
Zuv‡`i AvPi‡Yi mZZvi cÖwZ bev‡ei m‡›`n `~i Kivi Rb¨ GK KzUPvj
Pv‡jb| gvivVv‡`i wjLv GK wPwV w`‡q wZwb †¯Œd&Ub‡K gywk©`vev` cvVvb| G
wPwV‡Z Bs‡iR I gvivVv‡`i g‡a¨ evsjv‡K fvM K‡i †bevi cÖ¯—ve wQj|
Gevi beve Bs‡iR‡`i wek¦vm Ki‡jb Ges Zvi evwnbx‡K gywk©`vev` wd‡i
Avmvi wb‡`©k w`‡jb|
187
Ôbeve wmivRD‡ÏŠjv Zuvnvi wei“‡× loh‡š¿i K_v Rvwb‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb
gxiRvdi‡K cÖavb †mbvcwZi c` nB‡Z AcmvwiZ K‡ib Ges Ave`yj nv`x
Lvb‡K †m c‡` wb‡qvM K‡ib| Ave`yj nv`x I gxi g`b gxiRvdi‡K aŸsm
Kwievi Rb¨ beve‡K civgk© †`b| wKš‘ RMr‡kV I Ab¨vb¨ wek¦vmNvZK
Dc‡`óvMY beve‡K civgk© †`b †h, Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× kw³e„w×i Rb¨
gxiRvd‡ii mn‡hvwMZv jvf Kiv bev‡ei c‡¶ mywe‡ePbvi KvR n‡e| beve
Zvnv‡`i Dc‡`k MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb gxiRvd‡ii evox‡Z wM‡q beve Avjxe`©xi
bv‡g Zuvnvi wbKU Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ gg©¯úkx Av‡e`b
Rvbvb| cweÎ KziAvb nv‡Z jBqv gxiRvdi GB mgq A½xKvi K‡ib †h,
wZwb bev‡ei Rb¨ Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× hy× Kwi‡eb| (cÖ‡dmi Avãyi iwng)
mvgwqK c`Pz¨wZi Acgv‡b gxiRvdi `vi“Yfv‡e cÖwZwnsmv civqY I †µvavÜ
n‡q DV‡jb| wmiv‡Ri Avï cZb Awbevh© K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ me©vZ¥K D‡`¨vM
wb‡jb| gywk©`vev` AvµgY Kivi Rb¨ evi evi K¬vB‡fi wbKU evZ©v †cÖiY
K‡i ZvMv`v w`‡Z _v‡Kb| Ggb gv‡n›`ª¶‡Yi cÖZx¶vq wQ‡jb K¬vBf| GB
my‡hv‡M wZwb Av‡iv AwZwi³ kZ© hy³ Ki‡jb| cwiYwZi K_v bv †f‡eB
gxiRvdi me `vex AKc‡U †g‡b wb‡jb| RMr†k‡Vi †cÖvw_Z welv³ exR
A¼zi †_‡K e„‡¶ cwiYZ nj, AZtci gnxi“‡n| †¤­”Q heb gymwjg kvm‡bi
Aemvb NwU‡q be DÌvb m¤¢vebvq eªvþb¨ev`xiv D‡ØwjZ n‡q DVj|
ÔAZtci lohš¿KvixMY RMr‡k‡Vi evwo‡Z †Mvcb ˆeV‡K wgwjZ nq|
RMr‡kV, DwgPuv`, ivq`yj©f, gxiRvdi, ivRej­f Ges AviI K‡qKRb
wewkó e¨w³ GB ˆeV‡K †hvM †`b| Bs‡iR †Kv¤úvbxi G‡R›U IqvUm
gwnjv‡`i gZ c`©v-†Niv cvwé‡Z RMr‡k‡Vi evwo‡Z Av‡mb| ÔGB ˆeV‡K
wmivRD‡ÏŠjv‡K mivBqv gxiRvdi‡K evsjvi gmb‡` emvBevi wm×vš— MÖnY
Kiv nq| IqvUm GB Kv‡R Bs‡iR‡`i mvnv‡h¨i cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`b| Bnvi ci
†Kv¤úvbxi cÖavbMY Pzw³c‡Îi Lmov cÖ¯‘Z K‡ib Ges 19 †g Bnv‡Z `¯—LZ
K‡ib| gxiRvdimn 4 Rb Pzw³c‡Î ¯^v¶i K‡ibÕ|
GB gyw³i Pzw³ gxiRvdi mwZ¨ Av¶wiKfv‡e AbymiY K‡iwQ‡jb| cÖavb
†mbvcwZi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q wZwb ibv½‡b Qwei gZ `uvwo‡q wQ‡jb ïay eªvþY¨
P‡µi duv‡` c‡o| wZwb cÖavb †mbvcwZ n‡q bev‡ei cZb Dc‡fvM Ki‡jb
188
cÖvYf‡i| gywk©`vev‡`i cZb nj| cybi“×v‡ii Avkvq beve Qz‡U Pj‡jb
wenv‡i Zvi AbyMZ evwnbxi wbKU| Zvi Avkv c~Y© n‡jv bv| c‡_ †MÖßvi
n‡jb| gxiRvdi Zbq wgib Zv‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kij| Zvi i³cv‡Zi
ga¨ w`‡q mgMÖ myevn evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv 190 eQ‡ii Rb¨ gnvKv‡ji AÜKv‡i
nvwi‡q †Mj| mgMÖ RvwZ k„sLwjZ nj Jcwb‡ewkK A‡±vcv‡k| †m BwZnvmI
AwZ gg©vwš—K| eªvþY¨ev`x P‡µi N‡i N‡i Avb‡›`i eb¨v e‡q †Mj|
wmiv‡Ri cZ‡bi g‡a¨ Zviv †`L‡Z †cj Zv‡`i DÌvb m¤¢vebv|
cjvkxi c‡i
cjvkx hy‡×i cÖnmbg~jK bvUK †kl n‡Z bv n‡ZB jywÉZ nj gywk©`vev‡`i
ivR‡Kvl| †m mgq ivR‡Kv‡l wK cwigvY m¤ú` wQj?
gywk©`Kzjx Luvi kvmbKvj †_‡K `xN© 55 eQ‡ii mÂq GKwÎZ n‡q beve
wmivR-D`-†`Šjvi †KvlvMv‡i c~wY©qv hy‡×i ci mwÂZ wQj mvR©b †dv‡_©i
cÖ`Ë wnmve g‡Z gwbgy³v wniv Rni‡Zi g~j¨ ev` w`‡q, ZrKvjxb gy`ªvq 68
†KvwU UvKv [S. C. Hill. Bengal in 1757-67, P.108] hv gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi
ev‡R‡Ui mv‡_ Zzjbxq|Õ
cjvkxi bvUK †kl K‡i wmivR-D‡ÏŠjviB `xIqvb ivgPuv` evey gybkx
bewK‡lY, jW© K¬vBf I gxidvdi‡K wb‡q bev‡ei †KvlvMv‡i nvwRi nb weË-
m¤ú` jyU Kivi Rb¨| `xIqvb eveyi ZvwjKvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q cÖvß m¤ú` Zviv
fvM euv‡Uvqviv K‡i †bb| wmivRD‡ÏŠjvi cÖvmv‡` I A›`ign‡j iw¶Z m¤ú`
fvM K‡i †bb `xIqvb ivgPuv`, gybkx bewK‡lY, gxiRvdi Avjx Lvb I
Avgxi †eM Lvb| (wmqv‡i gZv‡hwj, 2q LÊ (Abyev`) c„-23|
gywk©`vev‡`i ivR‡Kvl †_‡K cvIqv †Mj c‡bi j¶ cvDÛ A_©vr 30 †KvwU
UvKv g~‡j¨i m¤ú`| ¶wZc~iY wnmv‡e e„wUk †bŠevwnbx Ges ¯’j evwnbxi 6Rb
m`m¨‡K w`‡Z nj 8†KvwU UvKv| wm‡j± KwgwUi 6 Rb m`m¨‡K w`‡Z nj 9
j¶ cvDÛ (18 †KvwU UvKv), K¬vBf Zvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ Av`vq Ki‡jb 2 j¶
†PŠwÎk nvRvi cvDÛ (cÖvq 3 †KvwU UvKv), KvDwÝj †g¤^viiv †c‡jb GK
†_‡K †`o †KvwU UvKv K‡i|
189
Ae‡k‡l †Kv¤úvbxi †QvU eo me Kg©Pvix Ges Zv‡`i `jMZ Pµ †kvlY
jyɇbi `ytmn cwiw¯’wZ m„wó K‡i mgMÖ evsjve¨vcx| Avi gymjgvb‡`i
D”PweË Avgxi Igivni `j wkLÊx beve nevi Awfjv‡l Zv‡`i m¤ú` DRvo
K‡i Bs‡iR‡`i mš‘wó AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨¯— n‡q D‡V Ges e„wUk‡`i A_©Z…òv
†gUv‡Z _v‡K| gxi Kvwkg GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ 2 j¶¨ cvDÛ (4 †KvwU UvKv)
eZ©gvb gy`ªvgv‡b 8 nvRvi †KvwU UvKv †Kv¤úvbxi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`b| gxi
Rvd‡ii cyÎI †Kv¤úvbx‡K †`q 1 j¶ 49 nvRvi cvDÛ A_©vr 3 †KvwU UvKv,
eZ©gvb gy`ªvgv‡b 6 nvRvi †KvwU UvKv|
Iw`‡K evsjvi Rbc` Zvi †Rj­v nvwi‡q ˆbivk¨, nZvkv Ges wek„sLjvi w`‡K
av‡c av‡c G¸‡Z _v‡K| K¬vB‡fi ¯^xK…wZ †_‡K ZrKvjxb cwiw¯’wZ wKQzUv
Abyaveb Kiv hvq| K¬vB‡fi fvlvqÑ ÒAvwg †Kej ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cvwi, Ggb
AivRKZv wek„sLjv, Dr‡KvP MÖnY, `yb©xwZ I ejc~e©K abvcni‡Yi cvke wPÎ
evsjv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv_vI `„ó nqwb|Ó A_P wbj©¾ K¬vBfB G †kvlYh‡Ái
cÖavb cy‡ivwnZ wQ‡jb| (ga¨weË mgv‡Ri weKvk ms¯‹…wZi iƒcvš—i, Avãyj
Iqv`y`, c„.- 60-62)
weªwUk Avg‡j evsjvi A_©bxwZ gv‡bB n‡jv- mycwiKwíZ †kvl‡Yi gg©‡f`x
BwZnvm| HwZnvwmKiv †gvUvgywU wnmve K‡i e‡j‡Qb, 1757 †_‡K 1780
ch©š— gvÎ †ZBk eQ‡i evsjv †_‡K Bsj¨v‡Û Pvjvb †M‡Q cÖvq wZb †KvwU
Avwk j¶ cvDÛ A_©vr mgKvjxb g~‡j¨i lvU †KvwU UvKv| wKš‘ 1900 mv‡ji
g~j¨gv‡bi wZb‡kv †KvwU UvKv| (eZ©gvb gy`ªvgv‡b 1 j¶ 20 nvRvi †KvwU
UvKv)| ( Miller quoted by Misra. P-15.)
gxi Rvdi‡K wb‡`©k †`qv nj †mbvevwnbx †f‡½ †`qvi Rb¨| †Kv¤úvbxi
wb‡`©k‡K D‡c¶v Kivi ¶gZv wkLÊx bev‡ei wQj bv| eva¨ n‡q wZwb 80
nvRvi ˆmb¨‡K eiLv¯— Ki‡jb| Gi Av‡M gxi Kvwm‡gi 40 nvRvi ˆmb¨ QÎ-
f½ n‡q c‡owQj| †gv‡Ui Dci cjvkxi cÖnmbg~jK hy× bvU‡Ki ci †_‡K
†mbvevwnbxi †`oj¶vwaK ˆmb¨ Ges G wefv‡Mi mv‡_ mswk­ó 50 nvRvi
Kg©Pvix PvKyixPz¨Z nj| G‡`i mevB wQj gymjgvb| Gi d‡j evsjvi AmsL¨
gymwjg cwievi GwM‡q Pj‡jv †eKvi‡Z¡|
190
 kZvãxKv‡ji cÖwZ‡iva hy× AZtci nZvkv
wmiv‡Ri cZb AZtci gxi Kvwm‡gi cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×i Aemvb n‡j Bs‡iRiv
ïay gvÎ †kvlY Ges G‡`‡ki m¤ú` jyɇbi g‡a¨ Zv‡`i Kvh©µg mxgve×
iv‡Lwb| Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx, Zv‡`i Rywbqvi cvU©bvi eY©ev`x wn›`y‡`i
mn‡hvwMZvqB gymjgvb‡`i A_©‰bwZK †gi“`Ê fvO‡jv| AZtci wk¶v
ms¯‹…wZ mf¨Zv mewKQz †_‡K ewÂZ Kivi cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivLj| GKw`‡K
e„wUk‡`i wegvZvm~jf AvPiY, bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPvi Ab¨w`‡K wn›`y Rwg`vi‡`i
†kvlY I AZ¨vPv‡i G‡`‡ki gvbyl w`‡knviv n‡q coj| gymjgvbiv PvKzwi
nvivj, Avqgv jv‡LivR m¤úwË †_‡K ewÂZ nj| j¶vwaK wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ
nIqvq mgMÖ RvwZ †Nvi AÜKv‡i wbgw¾Z nj| wejvZx e‡¯¿ †Q‡q †Mj
†`k| j¶ j¶ ZuvZx nj Kg©nxb| jeb e¨emv P‡j †Mj BD‡ivcxq‡`i
nv‡Z| bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPv‡i me©kvš— nj K…lKiv| LvRbv Av`v‡qi fvi †`qv
nj wn›`y‡`i| Rwg`vi n‡q emj wn›`yiv| A_©bxwZi me †m±i †_‡K
gymjgvbiv nj weZvwoZ|
GB me©nviv gymjgvbiv civaxbZvi †Nvi AÜKv‡i Zv‡`i nviv‡bv BwZnvm
HwZn¨ nvZ‡o wdij| †`Lj Zv‡`i me wKQz aŸsm ¯—~‡ci bx‡P Pvcv c‡o
Av‡Q| †mLvb †_‡K cybi“×v‡ii D‡`¨vM wbj| †`Lj Jcwb‡ewkK kw³ Ges
Zv‡`i eªvþY¨ev`x mn‡hvMxiv we‡Nœi cvnvo n‡q `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q| wbcxo‡bi
ga¨ w`‡q wb‡®úwlZ RbM‡Yi cÖwZ‡iva kw³ `vbv †e‡a DVj| ¶gZvi Ø›Ø
cwiYZ nj MY cÖwZ‡iv‡a| wmiv‡Ri cZb ch©v‡q †h RbMY wQj cÖwZwµqvnxb
†m RbMY ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g m¤ú„³ nj|
hviv mewKQz PvIqv cvIqvi evB‡i Ae¯’vb KiwQj †mB †dvKiv †Mvwô msNe×
nj Ges GwM‡q G‡jv cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×| üªZ ¯^vaxbZv cybi“×v‡ii Rb¨
RvbevwR ivL‡Z ˆZwi nj| BwZnv‡m †hUv cwiwPZ dKxi we‡`ªvn bv‡g|
ïaygvÎ evsjvq ¯’vbxqfv‡e we‡`ªvn msNwUZ nq| wÎkwU eQi we‡`ªv‡n eY©ev`x
wn›`yiv wQj Jcwb‡ekev`x e„wUk‡`i me©vZ¥K mn‡hvMx| Zv‡`i cÖ‡ivPbvq
†Kvb wbcxobKvix wn›`y‡`i †Kvb GKwU AskI ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Ask †bqwb|
GKKfv‡e gymwjg Rb †Mvôx ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g GKUvbv GKk eQi Ôweivgnxb
fv‡e jovB K‡i‡Q| dwKi we‡`ªvn †_‡K gyRvwn` Av‡›`vjb meLv‡b wQj
191
gymjgvb‡`i mwµq f~wgKv| ïaygvÎ fviZ Kuvcv‡bv wmcvnx we‡`ªv‡n Suvmxi
ivbx j²xevB Ges ZvwZqv †Zvwc Ges AevOvjx wmcvnxiv we‡`ªv‡n †hvM
w`‡jI evOvjx eveyiv G we‡`ªv‡n †_‡K `~‡iB ïay Ae¯’vb K‡iwb Zviv wmcvnx
wec­‡ei mgq Bs‡iR‡`i mvwe©Kfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv K‡i wb‡R‡`i Jcwb‡ewkK
`vjvj wnmv‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| ¯^v_©ci wkLiv wmcvnx wec­‡ei mgq ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖv‡g †hvM`v‡bi K_v wPš—v K‡iwb| ZvivI eªvþY¨ev`x Pµ Ges evOvjx
evey‡`i gZ fvi‡Z gymwjg kvmb cÖwZôvi e¨vcv‡i wQj kswKZ| GKRb
evnv`yi kvni cwie‡Z© GKRb Wvj †nŠmxi cÖ‡qvRb wQj Zv‡`i Kv‡Q A‡bK
†ekx| ÔfviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k wmcvnx wec­‡ei cÖPÛ So‡K †PvL eÜ K‡i
D‡c¶v K‡i‡Q wkL I †KvjKvZv †Kw›`ªK wn›`y GwjU †Mvôx eY© wn›`y I Zvi
cÖfvweZ evOvjx wn›`yiv| Giv S‡oi SvcUv †_‡K wb‡R‡`i euvwP‡q ivLvi Rb¨
Bs‡iR‡`i c¶cy‡Ui wbweo Avkª‡q wbivc` Ae¯’vb wbj| hLb XvKvi c‡_
Mv‡Qi Wv‡j Wv‡j gyw³Kvgx ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i jvk SzjwQj ZLb †KvjKvZvi
evey‡`i N‡i N‡i PjwQj weR‡qi g‡nvrme| hLb mg¯— Dcgnv‡`‡ki
gymjgvb I mswk­ó AevOvjx wn›`y‡`i eyK we`xY© nw”Qj e›`z‡Ki ¸wj‡Z ZLb
†KvjKvZvq AvZmevRx w`‡q weRqx e„wUk‡`i Rvbvb nw”Qj mv`i Awfb›`b|
hLb gymwjg igbx‡`i †Pv‡L bZzb K‡i SiwQj ¯^Rbnviv †e`bvi AkÖ“ ZLb
†KvjKvZvi wn›`y Kzj eayiv DjyaŸwb w`‡q Rvbvw”Qj m¤¢vlY| hLb jvjev‡Mi
fvOv †Kj­vq i³v³ wmcvnxiv AvZ©bv` KiwQj ZLb wbwg©Z nw”Qj evey‡`i
Rb¨ Bs‡iR‡`i we‡kl Dcnvi †KvjKvZv wek¦ we`¨vjq|
wmcvnx wec­‡ei cÖ¾¡wjZ wkLv hLb Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q Dcgnv‡`‡ki me©Î ZLb
Bk¦i ¸ß m¤úvw`Z msev` cÖfvKi cwÎKvq ZrKvjxb evOvjx A_©vr wn›`y
mgv‡Ri D‡Ï‡k¨ Dc‡`k cÖ`vb K‡i ejv nqÑ Ô†n evOvjx gnvk‡qiv G
wel‡q Avcbv‡`i hy× Kwi‡Z nB‡e bv| Avcbviv ïay GKvš— wP‡Ë †Kej
ivRcyi“l‡`i g½jv‡_© mv¯¿vqb Ki“b|Õ
wmcvnx wec­‡ei Av¸b w¯—wgZ nj| gyw³Kvgx wmcvnx I RbZvi jvk gvwo‡q
Bs‡iR †mbvcwZ w`j­x‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡j †KvjKvZvq e‡q hvq Avb‡›`i eb¨v|
wn›`y gvbm Dj­wmZ n‡q I‡V| cwÊZ †MŠix P›`ª m¤úvw`Z m¤^v` fv¯§i
cwÎKvq gš—e¨ Kiv nqÑ Ô†n cvVK mKj DØvû nBqv ci‡gk¦i‡K ab¨ev`
w`qv RqaŸwb Kwi‡Z Kwi‡Z b„Z¨ KiÕ|
192
†KvjKvZvi eveyiv e„wUk‡`i GZLvwb Av¯’vfvRb n‡qwQ‡jb †h, mgMÖ fvi‡Zi
14wU kn‡i mvgwiK AvB‡bi Ges Jcwb‡ewkK wbcxo‡bi ÷xg †ivjvi
Ae¨vnZ fv‡e Pj‡jI †KvjKvZv mvgwiK AvB‡bi AvIZvi Aš—fy©³ wQj bv|
GQvovI evsjvi evB‡i evOvjx wn›`y‡`i M„‡n ÔK¨vjKvUv eveyRÕ †jLv _vK‡j
†mUvI Ryjyg gy³ wbivc` M„n wnmv‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Zv|
W±i Avwbmy¾vgv‡bi gš—‡e¨ ejv n‡q‡QÑ wmcvnx wec­‡ei mg¯— `vwqZ¡Uv wKš‘
fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i Nv‡o G‡m c‡owQj| †`‡k Ges we‡j‡Z kvmK gn‡j G
aviYv m„wó n‡qwQj †h, gyNj kvm‡bi cybt cÖwZôvi Rb¨ gymjgvbiv G we‡`ªvn
NwU‡qwQ‡jb| kvw¯—g~jK e¨e¯’vi †gvUv AskB Zv‡`i fv‡M¨ Ry‡UwQj|
1857 mv‡ji 21 †m‡Þ¤^i Bs‡iR KZ…©K w`j­x `L‡ji ciw`‡bi weeiY
w`‡q‡Qb R‰bK Bs‡iRÑ ÔAvgv‡`i ˆmb¨MY bM‡i cÖ‡ek Kivi ci bMi
cÖvPx‡ii g‡a¨ hv‡K †c‡q‡Q Zv‡KB †eqb‡Ui AvNv‡Z nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| †Kvb
†Kvb evox‡Z Pwj­k cÂvk Rb jywK‡qwQj| G †_‡K †evSv hvq Zv‡`i msL¨v
†ek wQj| Giv we‡`ªvnx bq kn‡ii Awaevmx gvÎ|Õ
wmcvnx wec­‡ei gg©vwš—K cwiYwZi ci gymjgvb‡`i cybi“Ìvb I ¯^vaxbZvi
AvKv•¶v G‡Kev‡i w¯’wgZ n‡q c‡o| ¯^vaxbZvKvgx‡`i hviv †eu‡P wQ‡jb
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193
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Ki“Yvi D‡`ªK nj bv †ewbqv Ges Zv‡`i `vjvj P‡µi|
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Lvb, c„.-104)
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†`‡ki cÖZ¨š— AÂjmgy‡n cÖwZwôZ nj bxjKzwV| ivR¨ nvwi‡q, Rwg`vix
nvwi‡q, PvKzwiPz¨Z n‡q gymjgvbiv hLb `yÕgy‡Vv A‡bœi Rb¨ cy‡ivcywi K…wlwbf©i
n‡q DVj, †m mgq e„wUk ewYKiv be¨ Rwg`vi‡`i cvkvcvwk gymwjg Aay¨wlZ
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195
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G‡Mv, Wb g¨vMvwRb, RyjvB, 1905)
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Av‡qi AwaKvskB gymjgvb‡`i jv‡LivR m¤úwË nB‡Z nBZ| jv‡LivR
ev‡Rqvwßi `i“b evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i †h wK fqvbK ¶wZ nBqvwQj, Zvnv
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mKj gymwjg wk¶v cÖwZôvb wb¯‹i Rwgi Av‡qi Dci PwjZ †m¸wj aŸs‡mi
gy‡L cwZZ nq| miKv‡ii AvVvi ermie¨vcx †¯^”QvPvwiZvg~jK Kvh©Kjv‡ci
`i“b gymjgvb‡`i wkw¶Z †kªYxi Aw¯—Z¡ wecbœ nq|
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196
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Av‡jvPbvi ga¨ w`‡q hw` cvK miKv‡ii A‡hŠw³K AvPiY I AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
†hŠw³K `vexi cv_©K¨ RbmvaviY I wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK `‡ji wbKU ¯úó
nIqvi gZ h‡_ô mgq cvIqv †hZ Z‡e Ae¯’vi †cÖw¶‡Z Zv‡`i g‡bvfv‡eiI
ax‡i ax‡i cwiewZ©Z nIqvi my‡hvM NU‡Zv| GB iƒc cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvIqvgx
199
jx‡Mi we‡ivax `‡ji AwaKvsk †bZ…e„›`I nq‡Zv ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mv‡_ GKvZ¥
n‡q †hZ| wKš‘ e¨vcviUv nVvr N‡U hvIqvq A‡b‡K cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Lvc
LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bvB| (evsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIqvgx jxM, c„. 3)
AvIqvgx we‡ivax †bZ…e„›` A_ev m‡PZb †`k‡cÖwgK Zi“Yiv KLbB GKvZ¥
n‡Z cvi‡Zv bv| cÂg evwnbx hviv †R‡b ey‡S RvwZ‡K me©bv‡ki w`‡K
Zvwo‡q wb‡q P‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_ †`k‡cÖwgK RbMY GKvZ¥ nq wK K‡i? hv‡`i
†PZbv †bB hviv Z›`ªv”Qbœ AZxZ eZ©gvb fwel¨‡Zi fvebv hv‡`i DwØMœ K‡i
bv ZvivB Db¥v`bvi †Zv‡o nvjKv nvIqvq †f‡m P‡j †Kej gvÎ ZvivB
AvIqvgx weåvwš—i wkKvi n‡qwQj| G‡`k G RvwZi c~e©vci BwZnvm hv‡`i
Rvbv AvIqvgx jxM †Kvb Mš—‡e¨ RvwZ‡K †U‡b wb‡q P‡j‡Q †mUv Zv‡`i
ARvbv bq| Zviv †h Avk¼v K‡iwQj †mme Avk¼v cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q ej‡j fyj
n‡e, cÖwZwU Avk¼v Kz‡i Kz‡i wbt‡kl K‡i‡Q mgMÖ RvwZ‡K|
16 e­vK wW‡m¤^i XvKv cZ‡bi ci fviZxq †ewbqv Pµ wgÎevwnbx †`kx
we‡`kx jy‡Uiv GKKfv‡e A_ev msNe×fv‡e ïi“ K‡iwQj jyÉb, †m jyÉb
wQj fqven| wmiv‡Ri cZ‡bi ci jW© K¬vB‡fi ˆmb¨iv DwgPuv` RMZ‡k‡Vi
mvg‡b evsjvi m¤ú` †hgb K‡i jyÉb K‡iwQj †mB óvB‡j Avevi jyÉb nj
evsjvi m¤ú`| wgÎ evwnbx KZ…©K cvwK¯—vbx evwnbxi cwiZ¨v³ A¯¿m¯¿ †Mvjv
eviƒ` hy× miÄvg GgbwK wkí cÖwZôvbmg~n †_‡K †gwkb cÎ I gvjvgvj
cvPvi n‡q †M‡j cÂg evwnbxi mn‡hvMx G‡`‡ki m¤¢vebvgq Zi“Y‡`i
†jwj‡q †`qv nj Avje`i ivRvKvi †`k‡cÖwgK †bZ…e„›` wba‡b|
†gRi Rwjj wj‡L‡QbÑ †`k‡cÖwgK gyw³ †hv×viv 16 wW‡m¤^‡ii c‡i fviZxq
†mbvevnbx‡K be¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ m¤ú` I gvjvgvj jyU Ki‡Z
†`‡L‡Q, †m jyÉb wQj cwiKwíZ jyÉb, ˆmb¨‡`i Dj­v‡mi ewntcÖKvk ¯^iƒc
bq| †m jyɇYi †Pnviv wQj wefrm †ec‡ivqv, †mjyÉb wQj m‡PZb cÖwµqviB
avivevwnK ZrciZv|Õ
Ô1972 mv‡j 27 gvP© w`j­x‡K Lykx Kivi Rb¨ †kL gywRe fvi‡Zi mv‡_ Aeva
evwYR¨ Pzw³ m¤úv`b K‡ib| I‡cb eW©vi †UªW Avi¤¢ nj... evav wecwËi
d‡j c~‡e© †h cÖKvi gvj mxgvš— AwZµg KiZ Zvi `k wek¸Y gvj fvi‡Z
200
cvPvi n‡q †Mj| (evsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIqvgx jxM t Gg G
†gvnvB‡gb)
G Pzw³ †h wecyj AvqZ‡bi †Pviv Pvjvb wecyj kw³kvjx cÖwZôv‡b msNe×
nBevi my‡hvM w`qv‡Q Zvi Kej nB‡Z evsjv‡`k Av‡Rv gy³ n‡Z cv‡i bvB|
(Avgvi †`Lvi ivRbxwZi 50 eQi t Aveyj gbmyi Avng`)
evsjv‡`k †_‡K cvPvi n‡q hvIqv m¤ú‡`i wewbg‡q G‡`k †cj Rvj †bvU,
cvPvi n‡q Avmv Rvj †bv‡U mqjve n‡q †Mj †`k| A_©gš¿x Zv¾ywÏb ¯^xKvi
Ki‡jb gy`ªv cvPv‡ii d‡j RvZxq A_©bxwZ †f‡O c‡o‡Q|
AvLZvi“j Avjg wj‡L‡QbÑÔUvKv e`‡ji bv‡g evsjvi A_©bxwZ †dvKjv K‡i
†`qv n‡q‡Q| eW©vi evwY‡R¨i bv‡g evsjv‡`k‡K cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQj
fvi‡Zi cuPv gvjvgv‡ji evRv‡i I cv‡Ui ivRv evsjv‡`k n‡q c‡owQj
cvUnxb| c¶vš—‡i cvUnxb AvMoZjvq ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQj †MvUv cuv‡PK
cvUKj| †KvjKvZvi cvUKj¸wj K‡qK wkÞ Pvwj‡qI Kzjv‡Z cviwQj bv|
ˆ`wbK B‡Ëdv‡K (15 †g, 73) †jLv n‡jvÑ ÔMZ K‡qK eQ‡i 4 nvRvi
†KvwU UvKvi we‡`kx mvnv‡h¨i RvnvR †Pviv cvnv‡o av°v LvBqv Wyweqv
wMqv‡Q| A¶zYœ 6 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi m¤ú` cvPvi nBqv wMqv‡Q PÆMÖvgMvgx
ÎvY mvgMÖxi RvnvR A`„k¨ BswM‡Z †KvjKvZv e›`‡i wfo‡Zv Ges †mLv‡bB
gvjLvjvm nZ| cvwbi `v‡g weµq jä A_© Rgv nZ †bZv‡`i GKvD‡›U|
IqvwksUb †cvó wj‡L‡Q, ¯^vaxb nevi d‡j ïay ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Avf¨vš—ixY evRviB
nvivqwb ißvbx evwYR¨ cwiPvjbvq Dc‡hvMx GKwU cÖwZwôZ e¨e¯’v Ges cÖavb
cÖavb Avg`vbx c‡Y¨i Avf¨vš—ixY Drm nvZ Qvov n‡q‡Q| cvU wkí‡K aŸsm
Kiv nj| 71wU cv‡Ui ¸`v‡g Av¸b R¡vjvb nj| gvÎ K‡qK eQ‡i 50 jvL
†ej cvU fvi‡Z cvPvi n‡q †Mj| wkí mg~n‡K ivóªvqZ¡ K‡i kZ kZ †KvwU
UvKv †jvKmvb ¸Y‡Z nj|
80 kZvsk Pv‡qi evMvb eÜ n‡q †Mj| ¶gZvmxb‡`i A_© wjávi †hvMvb
w`‡Z j¶ j¶ KvwiMi †eKvi n‡q coj, Pvi jvL n¯— PvwjZ Zuv‡Zi g‡a¨
†Kvb g‡Z wU‡K iBj †`o jvL, 7 nvRvi we`y¨r PvwjZ Zuv‡Zi g‡a¨ eÜ nj
3 nvRvi| evRvi `Lj Kij fviZxq Kvco| evsjv‡`‡ki m¤ú` †jvcvU
Ges wkí †m±i‡K c½y K‡iB Aïf Pµv‡š—i †kl nj bv, gyg~ly© A_©bxwZi
201
hZUzKz ¯ú›`b wQj †mUzKz wbt‡kl K‡i 24 eQi e¨vcx cvwK¯—vb aŸs‡mi
fviZxq mvabv I mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvi `vq cwi‡kva K‡i Pjj AvIqvgx
jxM|
hv‡`i †kL gywRe m‡b¥vwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb †mB me †`k‡cÖwgK 16 wW‡m¤^‡ii
ci nvwi‡q †Mj `„k¨ c‡Ui evB‡i| m‡¤§vwnZ Zi“Y‡`i hviv m‡PZb n‡q
DV‡jv Zuv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nj A_ev c½y K‡i †`qv nj| G‡`i AvZ©bv` I
RbM‡Yi wejvc †hb KL‡bv So bv Zzj‡Z cv‡iÑ GRb¨ msev`cÎ me¸‡jv
eÜ K‡i †`qv nj| gywR‡ei ¯—~wZi Rb¨ evwP‡q ivLv nj gvÎ 4wU msev`
cÎ|
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †gRi iwdKzj Bmjvg wjL‡jb ¯^vaxbZvi ci GK msNe×
cÖ‡Póv Pjj evsjvi A_©bxwZ‡K aŸsm Kivi| Drcv`b K‡g †Mj †e‡o †Mj,
kªwgK Am‡š—vl| g~jK Kvh©Kjvc †e‡o †Mj| †e‡o †Mj ¸ß nZ¨v| wkí
KviLvbv asm nj| †Kvb A`„k¨ Aïf kw³ †hb evsjvi gvbyl‡K wb‡q i‡³i
†nvwj †Ljvq †g‡Z DVj| BwZnv‡mi RNb¨Zg Aciv‡a wjß nj A‡b‡K|
†mB me †mŠwLb †`k‡cÖwgK mevB wg‡j QviLvi K‡iwQj evsjvi gvby‡li ¯^cœ
mva| †PvivKviev‡ii jvBb Iiv Av‡MB wVK K‡i †i‡LwQj, cy‡iv †`k †Q‡q
†Mj A‰ea e¨emvq| cÖZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ nj Rv`‡ij miKvix Kg©Pvix
e¨emvqx Avi wKQz ivR‰bwZK Kg©x| kw³kvjx gn‡ji mg_©b bv †c‡j GB
weivU AvKv‡ii A‰ea e¨emv m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| Zvn‡j G K_v wK ejv hvq bv
†h, †Kvb cÖfvekvjx gn‡ji cÖ‡Póvq aŸsm n‡q‡Q G‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ|
AvIqvgx jxM G‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡K aŸsm K‡i mg„× G‡`kwU‡K Zjvwewnb
Szwo‡Z cwiYZ K‡iwQj| ïay ZvB bq gvÎ wZb eQ‡ii g‡a¨ GKUv `ywf©¶
Dcnvi w`‡qwQj| wmiv‡Ri cZ‡bi ci †kvlY jyɇYi cwiYwZ `ywf©¶
msNwUZ n‡Z 13 eQi †j‡MwQj| wKš‘ wn›`y¯—vbx jyÉb Ges cÂgevwnbx
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †kvlY G‡`‡k 3 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ `ywf©¶ †W‡K G‡b‡Q| Av‡iv
fqven wPÎ †`L‡Z †cZ G‡`‡ki gvbyl hw` bv AvM÷ wec­‡ei ga¨ w`‡q
gywR‡ei cZb nZ|
gywR‡ei cZ‡bi ga¨ w`‡q b`xi cvwb DRv‡b eB‡jI RvZxq †PZbvi DÌvb
nqwb, cyiv‡bv cv‡K AvewZ©Z n‡”Q †`k| GLv‡b cÂgevwnbx GL‡bv mwµqÑ
202
GL‡bv GKvˇii †mªvZ av°v w`‡”Q †bŠKvWywei m¤¢vebv bv _vK‡jI cv‡j
nvIqv jvM‡Z w`‡”Q bv †PZbvi ¯’weiZv| beg †m±‡ii AwabvqK †gRi
Rwjj Zvi †`k †jvcvU n‡Z †`‡L‡Qb wgÎevwnbx A_©vr fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi
nv‡Z| cÖwZev` K‡iwQ‡jbÑ wbw¶ß n‡qwQ‡jb KvivMv‡i| KvivcÖ‡Kv‡ó Zvi
be †PZbvi D‡b¥l n‡qwQj, †mB †PZbv Zv‡K Zuvwo‡q wb‡q wQj AvIqvgx
we‡ivax Ae¯’v‡b| †mLvb †_‡K wZwb hy× K‡i †M‡Qb cÂgevwnbxi wei“‡×|
wZwb †bB, wKš‘ Zvi wRÁvmv weg~Z© n‡q i‡q‡Q| †KvwU K‡É †hw`b G
wRÁvmv aŸwbZ n‡e †mw`b wPwýZ n‡e G‡`‡ki cÖK…Z cÂgevwnbx| cv‡ë
hv‡e BwZnvmÑ nvIqv jvM‡e †`‡ki cv‡j| †gRi Rwj‡ji wRÁvmvÑ
Ò¯^vaxbZvi 17 eQi c‡iI Avgvi gZ GKRb mvaviY jovKz gyw³‡hv×vi g‡b
G cÖkœ¸‡jv wbf„‡Z DuwK-SzuwK gv‡i G Kvi‡YB †h, 25 gvP© †mB fqvj iv‡Zi
wnsmª †Qve‡ji mv‡_ mv‡_B c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Awaevmx Ges c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b
wbe©vwPZ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi msm` m`m¨eM© wK K‡i cvwK¯—v‡bi kΓ wnmv‡e
cwiwPZ fvi‡Zi gvwU‡Z Avkªq MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Qz‡U †h‡Z cvij? Zvn‡j wK
¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax e‡j cwiwPZ Bmjvgcš’x `j¸‡jvi k¼v Ges Abygvb mZ¨
wQj? Zv‡`i k¼v Ges Abygvb hw` mZ¨B n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j †`‡k‡cÖwgK
Kviv? Avgiv gyw³‡hv×viv bv ivRvKvi Avje`i wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ Zviv? G
cÖ‡kœi gxgvsmv Avgvi nv‡Z bq, m‡Z¨i DrNvUbB †Kej G cÖ‡kœi mwVK DËi
wba©viY Ki‡e| (†gRi (Aet) Gg G Rwjj : Aiw¶Z ¯^vaxbZvB civaxbZv,
c„. 7-8)
203
†K‡o †bqv nj gymjgvb‡`i gy‡Li fvlv
cuvP mvZkÕ eQi a‡i GKUvbv gymwjg kvmbvg‡j Aviex dvimx mgš^‡q
cÖvK…wZK wbq‡g wgkª cÖwµqvq mnRfv‡e fve cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ GKUv fvlvi D™¢e
n‡qwQj †mUv‡K ejv nZ PjwZ fvlv A‡b‡K ejZ gymjgvbx fvlv|
GB fvlvi cwiPq †h †hfv‡eB Dc¯’vcb Ki“K bv †Kb, GUv wQj wn›`y
gymwjg wbwe©‡k‡l G‡`‡ki cÖwZwU gvby‡li gy‡Li fvlv| G m‡Z¡I wn›`y
cwÊZiv GB fvlv‡K AeÁv Ae‡njvi †Pv‡L †`LZ| Gi KviY m¤¢eZ G
fvlv‡Z wQj Aviex dvim©x D`y© kãmg~‡ni mnR wgkªY| GQvovI wQj Gi
g‡a¨ gymwjg ms¯‹…wZi ¯^v”Q›` cÖ‡ekvwaKvi| wn›`y gvbwmKZvi Kv‡Q GUv wQj
`ywe©mn|
Iw`‡K L„÷vb wgkbvix‡`i j¶¨ †h‡nZz wn›`y Rb‡MvôxÑ Zviv wn›`y‡`i Dci
cÖfve we¯—v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i Dc‡hvMx mvwnZ¨ m„wói Rb¨ mwµq n‡q I‡V|
L„÷vb wgkbvix I wn›`y cwÊZiv evsjv fvlv‡K Aviex-dvm©xi †QuvqvP& †_‡K
i¶v K‡i wn›`y MÖnY‡hvM¨ Kiv Ges gymjgvb‡`i evsjv ev gvZ…fvlvi aŸsmhÁ
m¤úv`b Kivi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i| G D‡Ï‡k¨ bv_vwb‡qj eªvwm n¨vj‡nW
(Halhed) 1778 mv‡j A Grammar of the Bengali Literature bv‡g
evsjv e¨vKiY cÖYqb K‡ib Ges kªxivgcyi †cÖm †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq gyw`ªZ MÖš’
wnmv‡e| GBwUB wQj cÖ_g-hv‡Z cÖ_g evsjv A¶i e¨eüZ nq| Gici ïi“
nq miKvix c„ô‡cvlKZv| 1801 mv‡j †dvU© DBwjqv‡g evsjv wefvM †Lvjv
nq| ZLb †_‡K ms¯‹…Z ÷vB‡ji evsjv fvlvq gymjgvb weewR©Z welqe¯‘
wb‡q cy¯—K cÖKvk ïi“ nq|
Avãyj gI`~` e‡jbÑ ÒGB wgkªbxwZi evsjvfvlvq mvwnZ¨ M‡o DVvi gy‡LB
ewY‡Ki Zzjv`Ê n‡jv ivR`‡Ê iƒcvš—wiZ Ges ewY‡Ki ZíxevnK wgkbvixivI
w`‡jb mvwn‡Z¨i fvlvq †gvo cwieZ©b K‡i|... cvðv‡Z¨i wk¶vi cÖeZ©Kiv
evsjv fvlvi KvVv‡gv‡KI bZzb Quv‡P ˆZix K‡i w`‡jbÑ evey m¤cÖ`v‡qi
R‡b¨| Zvi `i“b evey KvjPv‡ii Avevnb n‡jv †h fvlvq Zv †Kej
ms¯‹„Z‡Nulv bq, G‡Kev‡i ms¯‹…Zmg| (Avãyj gI`~`, ga¨weË mgv‡Ri weKvk,
c„. 385)
204
 wk¶v‡¶‡Î gymjgvb‡`i wcwQ‡q †`qv nj
wenv‡i 4 †KvwU gvby‡li Rb¨ GK j¶ cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq wQj| GKRb cÖvP¨
wekvi` e‡jb, Bs‡iR kvmb cÖwZôvi 30 eQi c~‡e© evsjvq 80 nvRvi wk¶v
cÖwZôvb wQj| dvi“K gvngy` wj‡L‡Qb, ZrKvjxb evsjvq 13wU wek¦we`¨vjq
wQj| G m‡Z¡I gvÎ K‡qK hy‡Mi e¨eav‡b wk¶vi D¾j w`Mš— †_‡K wQU‡K
nvwi‡q †Mj AÜKv‡ii AZj Mne‡i| wKš‘ wKfv‡e GgbwU nj|
gymjgvb‡`i wk¶v cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni A_©‰bwZK Drm wQj jv‡LivR m¤úwË|
BwZc~‡e© Avgiv e‡jwQ, jv‡LivR m¤úwË ev‡Rqvß Kivi d‡j wk¶v cÖwZôvb
mg~n A_© msK‡U APj n‡q c‡owQj| e„wUk wn›`y †hŠ_fv‡e Ggb bxwZ Aej¤^b
K‡iwQj †hb gymjgvbiv Zv‡`i weaŸ¯— eZ©gvb‡K mvjvg w`‡Z e¨¯— _v‡K|
Gg. G iwn‡gi fvlvqÑ Ôwn›`y Rwg`viMY Zuv‡`i m¤cÖ`v‡qi Rb¨ ¯‹zj ¯’vcb
Kwiqv‡Qb| c~e©evsjvq †Kvb †Kvb Rwg`vi Zuvnv‡`i Rwg`vix‡Z ¯‹zj ¯’vcb bv
Kwiqv cwðg evsjvi wn›`y GjvKvq ¯‹zj ¯’vcb K‡ib| VvKzi cwievi Ges
AviI A‡bK wn›`y Rwg`v‡ii c~e©evsjvq Rwg`vix wQj| Zuvnviv KwjKvZv I
cwðg evsjvq evm Kwi‡Zb Ges †mLvbKvi †jv‡Ki wk¶vi Rb¨ A_© e¨q
Kwi‡Zb| Zvnviv c~e©evsjvq wb‡R‡`i Rwg`vixi cÖRv‡`i wk¶vi Rb¨ A_©
e¨q K‡ib bvB| †Kvb †Kvb Rwg`vi cÖRv‡`i wk¶vi we‡ivax wQ‡jb, KviY
Zuvnviv g‡b Kwi‡Zb †h, cÖRvMY wkw¶Z nB‡j Rwg`vix‡Z Zuvnv‡`i KZ…©Z¡
`ye©j nBqv cwo‡e| (evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i BwZnvm, Gg. G iwng, c„. 112)
G cÖm‡½ Bwm †eBjx e‡jbÑ Ôwk¶v c×wZ gymjgvb‡`i wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ bv
nIqvi KviY wQj, GUv cÖeZ©b Kivi mgq Zv‡`i ms¯‹vi m¤^‡Ü †Kvbiƒc
we‡ePbv Kiv nqwb Ges Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡bi cÖwZI j¶¨ Kiv nqwb| GB Rb¨
wk¶vc×wZ Zv‡`i ¯^v‡_©i cwicš’x I mvgvwRK ixwZbxwZi cÖwZK~j n‡q
c‡o|Ó
e„wUk I eY© wn›`y‡`i D‡`¨v‡M aŸsm nj evsjvi wkí
evsjvi GB wecyj Hk¦‡h©i cÖwZ e„wUk †ewbqv‡`i wQj Acwimxg †jvf| GB
m¤ú‡`i Dci KZ…©Z¡ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wQj Zv‡`i `xN© Kv‡ji cÖqvm| my`xN©Kvj
a‡i mycwiKwíZfv‡e Zv‡`i j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ Zviv KvR K‡i †M‡Q| cÖ_gZ
205
Zviv G‡`‡ki awbK ewYK we‡kl K‡i wn›`y ewYK‡`i mv‡_ mL¨Zv ¯’vcb
K‡i| evsjvi ivR`iev‡i Gme ewYK‡`i cÖfve _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i gva¨‡g
e„wUkiv me ai‡Yi evwYwR¨K myweav Av`vq K‡i †bq|
wØZxqt ˆe‡`wkK evwY‡R¨i †¶‡Î mg¯— we‡`kx ewYK‡`i evsjv‡`‡ki evRvi
†_‡K weZvwoZ K‡i| KL‡bv kw³ cÖ‡qvM K‡i, KL‡bv wn›`y †ewbqv ivRv
gnvivRv‡`i gva¨‡g ivR`iev‡i cÖfve we¯—vi K‡i miKvix bxwZ wba©vi‡Yi
gva¨‡g Ab¨vb¨ we‡`kx evwYK‡`i e„wUkiv evsjv Qvov K‡i| gmwjb m~Zx
Kvco, †ikg I †ikgRvZ e¯¿, wPwb, PvDj, Avwdg mëwcUvi BZ¨vw`
ißvbxi †¶‡Î g‡bvcwj cÖwZôv K‡i, wmiv‡Ri cZ‡bi ci ej‡Z †M‡j me
wKQzi Dci e„wUk‡`i GK‡PwUqv KZ…©Z¡ cÖwZwôZ nq|
DBwjqvg †evë bv‡g GKRb Bs‡iR evsjvi ZuvZx‡`i Dci †Kv¤úvbxi
wbcxo‡bi weeiY w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jbÑ ÔBs‡iR Ges Zv‡`i AbyMZ wn›`y †ewbqv
Ges ¸g¯—vMY wb‡R‡`i gwR© gvwdK Kvc‡oi `i †eu‡a w`‡q †mB wbw`©ó `‡i
Kvco mieiv‡n eva¨ KiZ| bxjKi‡`i gZ Zviv eva¨ KiZ ZuvZx‡`i
¯^v_©we‡ivax Pzw³ ¯^v¶i Ki‡Z| †Kv¤úvbxi †eu‡a †`qv evRvi `i †_‡K
kZKiv 15 †_‡K 40 fvM Kg nZ| Zv‡`i wb‡`©k Abyhvqx wbw`©ó mg‡q e¯¿
mieivn Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j ZuvZx‡`i †eÎvNvZ Kiv nZ|Õ cieZ©x‡Z †Kv¤úvbx
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206
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ˆewiZvi So e‡q hvq| gymjgvb‡`i Dc‡i wn›`yiv wnsmª Ges LoMn¯— n‡q
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c‡i µgk mxwgZ n‡q Av‡m| jW© gv‡j©v jW© wg‡›Uv I e„wUk miKv‡ii eo
KZ©viv gymjgvb‡`i Avk¦vm w`‡qwQ‡jb †h e½ wefvM e¨e¯’v GKUv Settled
fact KLbI Gi cweZ©b n‡e bv| 1911 mv‡j e„wUk miKvi m¤ú~Y© †Mvc‡b
GgbwK e„wUk cvj©v‡g›U‡K bv Rvwb‡q mgªv‡Ui Abykvmb wnmv‡e Settled fact
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XvKvq wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôvi Zxeª cÖwZev` Rvbvb|
Avi GK Akwb ms‡KZ
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Kivi ci wn›`y I D`y©i we‡iva m„wó n‡j 1889 mv‡j ˆmq` Avng`
gymjgvb‡`i ivR‰bwZK msMV‡bi e¨vcv‡i AvMÖnx n‡q D‡Vb Ges BDbvB‡UW
wW‡dÝ G¨v‡mvwm‡qmb MVb K‡ib| Gici †_‡K ¯’vbxqfv‡e msMVb M‡o
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Abyhvqx 1937 mv‡ji wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq| G‡Z Ks‡MÖm 6wU cÖ‡`‡k wbi¼zk
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208
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†`q| gymjgvb‡`i Ici me iKg Pvc I nqivbx †kvbv †h‡Z jvMj| ¯‹z‡ji
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209
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cwil‡`i D‡Øvabx‡Z e‡›`gvZig msMxZ MvIqv nq| GUvI msL¨vjNy‡`i Ici
wQj GKUv P¨v‡jÄ| Avi GUv wQj AwaKZi AvµgYvZ¥K| KviY e‡›`
gvZig msMx‡Zi †Kvb †Kvb Q‡Î Bmjvg‡K ¶zbœ K‡i wn›`yag©‡K D”Pvmb
w`‡q‡Q| d‡j gymwjg m`m¨iv IqvK AvDU K‡ib|
Gj Gd ivk eª“K DBwjqvg wjL‡jb t Ks‡MÖm kvmb †_‡K msL¨vjNyiv GB
mZ¨B Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡jv †h cÖkvmwbK GgbwK kvmbZvwš¿K i¶vKeP
Zv‡`i i¶v Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †Kbbv welqUv kvmK‡Mvôxi gvbwmKZvi mv‡_
RwoZ| Avi kvmK `j Acivci `j¸wj‡K ivRbxwZi †¶‡Î civwRZ e‡j
g‡b K‡i| ZvQvov mg‡SvZv e‡j †Kvb kã Ks‡MÖ‡mi BwZnvm Av‡Q e‡j
g‡b nq bv| Ks‡MÖm †Kej wb‡R‡`i cÖMwZ cÖÁv I †`k‡cÖ‡gi †mvjG‡R›U
e‡j g‡b K‡i|
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wn›`y‡`i Rb¨|Õ
d«v¼ gwiq‡gi g‡Z wbe©vP‡bi ci hw` Ks‡MÖm gymwjg jx‡Mi mv‡_ mZK©fv‡e
e¨envi KiZ Zvn‡j nq‡Zv cvwK¯—vb cÖwZwôZ n‡Zv bv|
AvRb¥ jvwjZ ˆewiZv I gymwjg we‡Øl †cvlY Kiv m‡Z¡I gymjgvbiv
Dcgnv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi †mŠR‡b¨ ˆgwÎi `y‡Uv nvZ evwo‡q †`q| wKš‘
mv¤cÖ`vwqK wn›`y †bZ…Z¡ gymjgvb‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kej wb‡¶c K‡i N„Yv N„Yv
Ges N„Yv| ¯^vfvweKfv‡e wbivcËvnxb gymjgvbiv Zv‡`i wbwðZ wech©q †_‡K
bvRvZ cvIqvi Rb¨ wbR¯^ c_ Ges c×wZi Zvjvk K‡i| `~i`k©x weP¶Y
Kvq‡` Avhg wn›`y gymwjg H‡K¨i ¯^c‡¶ msMÖvg K‡i e¨_© nb| wn›`y
loh‡š¿i MfxiZv AuvP K‡i wd‡i Av‡mb Zvi Avcb ej‡q| Dcgnv‡`‡ki
10 †KvwU gymjgv‡bi P~ovš— cwiYwZi K_v †f‡e wZwb wkD‡i D‡Vb|
Ae‡k‡l Zvi Abyf~wZi Mfxi †_‡K DrmvwiZ †PZbvi wbh©vm w`‡q wØRvwZ
210
ZZ¡ †ck K‡ib| RvwZ †hb Gi cÖZx¶vq wQj GZw`b| Zvi G Z‡Z¡i ev¯—
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AvÂwjKZv D‡cw¶Z nq| Dcgnv‡`‡ki Avevje„×ewbZv `jgZ wbwe©‡k‡l
cÖwZwU gymjgvb GKB †PZbvi c­ve‡b †f‡m hvq|
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e„wUk mvgªvR¨ev` Ab¨wU Ks‡MÖm| wRbœvn ej‡jb, bv `y‡Uv bq Avi GK Z…Zxq
kw³ i‡q‡Q| †mUv nj fvi‡Zi 10 †KvwU gymjgv‡bi cÖwZôvb gymwjg jxM|
1940 mv‡ji 25 †k †deª“qvix wn›`y lohš¿ m¤^‡Ü wZwb gymjgvb‡`i D‡Ïk¨
K‡i ej‡jb t †mUv hw` Avcbviv AvRI ey‡S bv _v‡Kb Zvn‡j Avwg ewj
Avcbviv KLbI eyS‡eb bv|... †MÖU e„‡Ub fviZ kvmb Ki‡Z Pvq| wgt MvÜx
I Ks‡MÖm fviZ I gymjgvb‡`i kvmb Ki‡Z Pvb| Avgiv ewj e„wUk A_ev
wgt MvÜx‡K gymjgvb‡`i Ici kvmb Ki‡Z †`e bv|
6B gvP© ej‡jb... Ôhw` e„wUk miKvi gymjgvb‡`i ¯^v_©we‡ivax †Kvb cÖKvi
mg‡SvZv Ks‡MÖ‡mi ms‡M K‡i Avgiv Zv wUK‡Z †`e bv|
cvwK¯—vb cÖ¯—ve I gymgvb‡`i behvÎv
wn›`y‡`i ˆewiZv I msNvZc~Y© NUbv cÖev‡ni g‡a¨ gymjgvb‡`i †PZbvq HK¨
cÖwZwôZ n‡qwQj| GB HK¨e× †PZbvB 1940 mv‡ji 23†k gvP© cvwK¯—vb
cÖ¯—ve wnmv‡e cÖKvk cvq| jv‡nv‡i AbywôZ me©fviZxq gymwjg m‡¤§j‡b
†k‡i evsjv dRjyj nK GB cÖ¯—ve DÌvcb K‡ib| GB cÖ¯—v‡ei Z…Zxq
Aby‡”Q‡` ejv nq t †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb Abyhvqx mxgvbv mymvgÄm¨ K‡i G
mKj AÂj Ggbfv‡e wbw`©ó Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z fvi‡Zi DËi cwðg I
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mve©‡fŠg n‡e|
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cÖwZôvb wØZxqZ ¯^vaxb fviZ n‡e ALÊ| Ks‡MÖ‡mi GB `vex‡K gymwjg jxM
P¨v‡jÄ K‡i wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g cÖgvY Ki‡Z PvBj gymjgvb fvi‡Zi GKgvÎ
cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix cÖwZôvb gymwjg jxM| wWwc †hgb wj‡L‡QbÑ Ôgymwjg jxM
BwZc~‡e© †NvlYv K‡iwQj †h, cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖ‡kœ Ges gymwjg jxMB †h
211
gymjgvb‡`i GKgvÎ cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix cÖwZôvb GB `vex‡Z Zviv wbe©vPb
msMÖv‡g AeZxY© n‡”Qb, wRbœvn I jx‡Mi Ab¨ gyLcvÎMY †NvlYv K‡ib †h,
Zv‡`i j¶¨ n‡”Q cvÄve, wmÜz, DËi cwðg mxgvš— cÖ‡`k, evsjv I Avmvg
cÖ‡`k¸wji mgš^‡q mvgwMÖKfv‡e cvwK¯—vb bvgK GKwU ¯^Zš¿ mve©‡fŠg ivóª
cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| GB `vexi †cÖw¶‡Z 1945 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i AbywôZ
†K›`ªxq cwil‡`i wbe©vP‡b 30wU gymwjg Avm‡bi 30wU‡Z weRqx nq gymwjg
jxM| 1946 mv‡ji †deª“qvix‡Z AbywôZ cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`i 495wU Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ 434wU Avm‡b Rqjvf K‡i gymwjg jxM| Iqvj e¨v¼ wj‡L‡QbÑ
ÔwRbœvni cÖwZôvb †h fvi‡Zi RbM‡Yi gyLcvÎ G e¨vcv‡i Avi †Kvb m‡›`n
iBj bv|Õ
1946 mv‡j 9B GwcÖj 470 Rb gymjgvb cwil` m`m¨e‡M©i GKwU m‡¤§jb
AbywôZ nq| GB m‡¤§j‡b me©m¤§wZµ‡g †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©xi cÖ¯—ve
MÖnxZ nq| GB cÖ¯—v‡ei wØZxq Aby‡”Q` ejv nq t fviZxq mgm¨v mgvav‡bi
Rb¨ fvi‡Zi DËi c~e© A‡ji evsjv I Avmvg Ges DËi cwðg A‡ji
cvÄve, DËi cwðg mxgvš— cÖ‡`k, wmÜz I †ejywP¯—vb AÂjmg~n †hLv‡b
gymjgv‡biv msL¨vMwiô, †m¸‡jvi mgš^‡q GKwU ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóª Kiv
†nvK, Ges cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi ب_©nxb cÖwZkÖ“wZ Awej‡¤^ †`qv †nvK| jv‡nvi
cÖ¯—ve M„nxZ n‡qwQj `jxq m‡¤§j‡b, †hLv‡b ejv n‡qwQj, Dcgnv‡`‡k GK
ev GKvwaK gymwjg iv‡óªi K_v| wKš‘ w`j­x‡Z M„nxZ GK cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖ¯—ve
AwaK ¸i“‡Z¡i `vex iv‡L| †Kbbv GKw`‡K w`j­x m‡¤§jb `jxq m‡¤§jb
Ab¨w`‡K G‡K ejv P‡j gymjgvb‡`i wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i m‡¤§jb| G
m‡¤§j‡b GK cvwK¯—vb MV‡bi cÖ¯—ve M„nxZ nq|
evsjv LwÊZ nj eY© wn›`y loh‡š¿
Kvq‡` Avh‡gi AK¬vš— cwikªg, Zvi mw`”Qv, ¶ziavi hyw³i †cÖw¶‡Z 1947
mv‡ji 20 †deª“qvix fviZ wefw³i cÖkœwU hLb P~ovš— nj| ZLb evsjvi
gyL¨gš¿x †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©x ALÊ evsjvi ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ mwµq n‡q
DV‡jb| kiZ emy Zvi mg_©‡b GwM‡q G‡jb| gymwjg fvi‡Z Awemsevw`Z
†bZv Kvq‡` Avhg †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn AvcwË bv Rvwb‡q ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡jb|
wKš‘ eY© wn›`yiv evsjv wefvR‡bi Rb¨ Zrci n‡q DVj| wn›`y gnvmfvi †bZv
W±i k¨vgv cÖmv` gyLvR©x 23 †deª“qvix GK wee„wZ‡Z ej‡jbÑ Ôgymjgvb‡`i
212
Rb¨ hw` fviZ wef³ nq Zvn‡j wn›`y‡`i Rb¨ evsjv wef³ n‡ZB n‡e| 5B
GwcÖj Zvi‡Kk¦‡i AbywôZ cÖv‡`wkK wn›`y gnvmfv mg‡¤§j‡b ¯^Zš¿ wn›`y evsjv
Ks‡MÖ‡mi Wvt weavb P›`ª ivq `jfy³ †bZv I Kg©xiv evsjv wefv‡Mi `vex‡Z
†mv”Pvi n‡q D‡V| cÖej B½wn›`y we‡ivwaZvi gy‡L evsjvi ALÊZv i¶vi †kl
cÖqvm wnmv‡e e½xq weavb mfvi m`m¨‡`i ˆeVK AvnŸvb Kiv nq|
1947 mv‡ji 20 Ryb weavbmfvi wn›`y I gymjgvb m`m¨‡`i †hŠ_mfv
AbywôZ nq| eojv‡Ui cv‡m©vbvj wi‡cvU© bs 10 (28 †k Ryb) †gvZv‡eK GB
mfvq 126bs m`m¨ GBg‡g© GK cÖ¯—v‡ei mc‡¶ †fvU †`b †h, evsjv ALÊ
_vK‡e| cÖ¯—v‡ei wec‡¶ †fvU c‡o 90wU| GKB w`b e½xq weavb mfvi
gymjgvb I wn›`y m`m¨iv c„_K ˆeV‡K wgwjZ nb| wn›`y‡`i ˆeV‡K 58 Rb
m`m¨ e½ f½ Ges wn›`y msL¨vMwiô AÂjmg~‡ni fvi‡Zi mv‡_ †hvM‡`qvi
e¨vcv‡i wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib| gymwjg m`m¨iv cybe©vi ALÊ evsjvi c‡¶
gZvgZ cÖKvk K‡ib| Z‡e 105 Rb m`m¨ GBg‡g© cÖ¯—ve MÖnY K‡ib †h,
hw` evsjv‡K wn›`y‡`i Abgbxq f~wgKvi Rb¨ fvM Ki‡ZB nq Zvn‡j c~e©e½
Avmv‡gi wm‡jUmn cvwK¯—v‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡e| (LwÊZ evsjv‡`k, ˆ`wbK
BbwKjve 1 Rvbyqvix, 1991)
wKš‘ †kl Aewa ALÊ evsjvi ¯^cœ wn›`y loh‡š¿i Kvi‡Y AwR©Z njbv|
GgbwK AvmvgI hy³ nj bv c~e©evsjvi mv‡_|
wRbœvni `vex wQj Awef³ evsjv I Avmvg ¯^Zš¿ ivóª n‡e| G `vex hLb
AMÖvn¨ nj ZLb †KvjKvZvmn c~e©e½ I Avmvg Ges GKwU Kwi‡Wvi
†P‡qwQ‡jb| hv‡Z K‡i c~e© I cwð‡gi ms‡hvM i¶v Kiv hvq| GUvI AMÖvn¨
nj wZwb PvB‡jb c~e©e‡½i mv‡_ †KvjKvZv| wRbœvni fvlvq †KvjKvZv wewnb
c~e©e½ wb‡q wK Kie?Õ me©‡k‡l wZwb †KvjKvZvq MY‡fvU `vex Ki‡jb hw`I
†KvjKvZvi †gvU RbmsL¨vi GK PZz_©vsk gymjgvb wQj| wKš‘ Zvi fimv
wQj Zdwmwj m¤cÖ`vq hv †gvU RbmsL¨vi A‡a©K| MY‡fvU n‡j Zviv cvwK¯—
v‡bi c‡¶ †fvU †`‡e| Zvi GB cÖ‡Póv‡KI Bs‡iR I wn›`yPµ evbPvj K‡i
†`q| AZtci `vex Kiv nq †KvjKvZv‡K wd« wmwU wnmv‡e envj ivLvi| wKš‘
†mUvI AMÖvn¨ nj| †mvnivIqv`©x Aby‡iva Ki‡jb, †KvjKvZv‡K gy³ kni
wnmv‡e _vK‡Z †`qv †nvK| hw` GUvI m¤¢e bv nq Aš—Z 6 gv‡mi Rb¨
213
†KvjKvZv‡K gy³ ivLv †nvK| G e¨vcv‡i fvBmiq Ks‡MÖ‡mi gZvgZ Rvb‡Z
PvB‡j c¨v‡Uj e‡jb, Not even for six hours. GLv‡b fvBmiq †Kvb
f~wgKv †bbwb|
cvwK¯—vb `vexi †cÖw¶‡Z †bZ…e„›`
¯^vaxb fvi‡Zi ¯’cwZ I cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x RInvijvj †b‡ni“ e‡jb t cwiYvg
hvB †nvK Ks‡MÖm KLbI cvwK¯—v‡bi `vex ¯^xKvi Ki‡e bv| (†óUmg¨vb, 16
GwcÖj, 1947)
wn›`y fvi‡Z Av‡cvlnxY †bZv ¯^vaxb fvi‡Zi wWcywU cÖavbgš¿x mi`vi c¨v‡Uj
e‡jb t cvwK¯—v‡bi wel‡q Ks‡MÖm KLbI Av‡cvl Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (cÖv¸³)
AwnsmbxwZi AeZvi fvi‡Zi RvwZi wcZv KigPuv` MvÜx e‡jb t mviv fviZ
hw` R¡j‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡jI Avgiv cvwK¯—vb †`e bv, GgbwK gymjgvbiv hw`
Z‡jvqv‡ii gy‡L `vex K‡i Zvn‡jI bv| (cÖv¸³ t 30 †k GwcÖj 1947)
m¤¢vebvnxb fyLÊ wb‡q cvwK¯—v‡bi hvÎv ïi“
ALÊ fviZ †Kw›`ªK P~ovš— ¯^vaxbZv `v‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wb‡qB jW© gvD›U e¨v‡Ub
fvBmi‡qi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q G‡mwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Kvq‡` Avh‡gi Abgbxq g‡bvfve
Ges Av‡cvmnxb †bZ…‡Z¡i ewjô hyw³i Kv‡Q civwRZ n‡q lohš¿Kvix jW©
gvD›U e¨v‡Ub wn›`y †bZ…‡Z¡i mn‡hvwMZvq Ggb GKwU ÔKvUv-†Quov †cvKvq
LvIqv cvwK¯—vbÕ w`‡jb hv wbR¯^ A_©‰bwZK e„Ë iPbv Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e bv,
hv `ywbqvi ey‡K ¯^wbf©i n‡q †Kvb w`bI `uvov‡Z cvi‡e bv| ALÊ fvi‡Z
wek¦vmx gvD›U e¨v‡U‡bi aviYvqÑ Ôfwel¨‡Zi cvwK¯—vb cÖK…wZMZfv‡eB n‡e
¶Y¯’vqx| wb‡Ri Aš—wb©wnZ Mj‡`i `i“b, Zv‡K aŸsm nevi my‡hvM w`‡Z
n‡e| cwiYwZ‡Z hv‡Z gymjgvbiv ALÊ fvi‡Zi c‡_ wd‡i Av‡m|Ó
fvBmiq Av‡iv e‡jbÑ Ôc~e© evsjvi mv‡_ wm‡jU _vK‡jI A_©‰bwZK w`K
w`‡q †mUv †UKmB n‡e bv| Ges ax‡i ax‡i aŸsm n‡Z eva¨ n‡e|
(Freedom at Midninght, P-114)
214
 wn›`y †bZ…e„‡›`i cÖZ¨vkv
c¨v‡Uj g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb, cvwK¯—vb MÖnY Øviv gymwjg jxM‡K wZ³ wk¶v †`qv
n‡e| Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ cvwK¯—vb aŸsm n‡q hv‡e Ges wew”Qbœ cÖ‡`k¸wj‡K
AK_¨ Amyweav I `y‡f©v‡M co‡Z n‡e|
Ks‡MÖ‡mi †cÖwm‡W›U AvPvh© wµcvwjbx e‡jb t LwÊZ gvZ…f~wg‡K GKÎxKi‡Yi
Rb¨ Avgv‡`i me iKg kw³ I mvg_©‡K †K›`ªxf~Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
cwÊZ †b‡ni“ ej‡jb t fvi‡Zi ü`q fv½‡jI Gi GKÎxKiY m¤¢vebv aŸsm
nqwb|
mi`vi c¨v‡Uj ej‡jb t fviZ wefv‡Mi hw`I wm×vš— n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GLbI
GUv Aev¯—e cwiKíbv... fviZ GKK Ges ALÊ GKwU †`k| †KD mvMi‡K
A_ev cÖengvb Rjivwk‡K ¯^Zš¿ K‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv|
MvÜxi aviYvq wef³ fviZ cybivq ALÊ fvi‡Z cwiYZ n‡e| Zvi aviYvq
gymwjg jxMB fvi‡Zi mv‡_ cvwK¯—v‡bi mshy³ nIqvi K_v ej‡e| Zviv
†b‡ni“‡K WvK‡e Ges †b‡ni“ Zv‡`i wdwi‡q wb‡q Avm‡e|
†K_ †Kjv‡W©i gš—e¨
†K_ †KjvW© e‡jbÑ ÔfviZxq‡`i A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib cvwK¯—v‡bi m„wóUvB nj
GK †e`bv`vqK åvwš—| GB fy‡ji ms‡kvab nIqv `iKvi| Aš—Z c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi fvi‡Z Aš—fy©w³i e¨vcviUv Zviv wPš—v K‡i _v‡Kb|
...cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Rxeb‡K `ytmn K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ fviZ meiKg D‡`¨vM
wb‡qwQj|
wefv‡MvËi c~e© evsjvi A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ
c~e©e½ †c‡qwQj 4 †KvwU 20 j¶ RbmsL¨v Aay¨wlZ 54,501 eM©gvBj
GjvKv| Avi GRbmsL¨v cÖvq 80 kZvskB wQ‡jb Avav-me©nviv ev me©nviv|
GLvbKvi AwaKvsk Rwg`vi abxK ewYK gnvRb cÖvq meB wQ‡jb wn›`y|
evsjv wefw³i ci Zviv cyuwR I A_©mn fvi‡Z P‡j hvq| G cÖm‡½ Ávb
PµeZ©x Zuvi ÒXvKv †Rjvi KwgDwbó Av‡›`vj‡bi AZxZ hyMÓ eB‡qi 131
c„ôvq e‡j‡Qb, Òag©wfwËK cvwK¯—vb ivóª‡K wn›`y RbmvaviY cÖ_g nB‡ZB
215
Avcbvi ewjqv g‡b Kwi‡Z cv‡i bvB| d‡j †`k wefv‡Mi c‡iB wn›`yiv
e¨vcKfv‡e †`kZ¨vM ïi“ K‡i| wn›`y miKvix Kg©Pvixiv cÖvq mK‡jB
Ack‡bi e¨e¯’v Abyhvqx cwðge‡½ Pwjqv hvq|Ó
H ch©v‡q gymjgvb m¤cÖ`v‡qi nv‡Z g~jZt †Zgb †Kvb g~jab wQj bv|
GgbwK G A‡ji GKgvÎ A_©Kix dmj cvU e¨emvwUI wn›`y gvoIqvix‡`i
nv‡ZB wQj| Zviv Avevi gybvdvi UvKvUv fvi‡ZB wewb‡qvM ev ¯’vbvš—wiZ
Ki‡Zb|
c~e©e‡½i wk¶v cÖwZôvb¸wji AwaKvskB cÖwZwôZ wQj wn›`y m¤cÖ`v‡qi Øviv|
ZvB K‡qK nvRvi m¤ú`kvjx wn›`y cwievi c~e©e½ †_‡K P‡j hvIqvi d‡j
ïay †h c~e©e‡½i A_©bxwZ †f‡½ c‡owQj ZvB bq, GLvbKvi wk¶v
cÖwZôvb¸wjI gvivZ¥Kfv‡e wech©‡qi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQj|
†m wech©¯— A_©bxwZi cvkvcvwk fviZ †_‡K Avm‡Z _vKj j¶ j¶ wbt¯^
ev¯‘Z¨vMx gvby‡li Xj, hvi msL¨v miKvix wnmv‡eB mvZ j¶ ejv nj|
c~e©e‡½i fv‡M Pvl‡hvM¨ Rwg c‡owQj me©‡gvU `yB †KvwU Pwj­k j¶ GK‡ii
gZ, hvi g‡a¨ H mgqKv‡j GK †KvwU Avwk j¶ GK‡ii gZ Pvl Kiv m¤¢e
nZ; Avi Gi g‡a¨ AvVvi j¶ GK‡ii gZ cvU Pvl‡hvM¨ Rwg wQj| A_©Kix
dmj ej‡Z wQj GKgvÎ cvU| wKš‘ ev½vjvi 68,258wU ZuvZ m¤^wjZ 113wU
cvUK‡ji g‡a¨ GKwU cvUKjI c~e©e‡½i gvwU‡Z wQj bv| Avi GLv‡b
Lv`¨km¨ hv Drcbœ nZ Zv Avevi GB cÖ‡`‡ki RbmsL¨vi cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq
wQj Kg; ZvB wQj Lv`¨ NvUwZ mgm¨v|
wk¶vi w`K †_‡K c~e©e‡½i gymjgvbiv wcwQ‡q wQ‡jb h‡_ó cwigv‡Y| ZvB
PvKzixi †¶‡ÎI GLvbKvi wn›`y m¤cÖ`vqB AMÖMvgx wQ‡jb; Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi
m¶g AskI ZLb fvi‡Z P‡j †M‡jb| G cÖm‡½ GKwU gvÎ D‡j­L †_‡KB
ZLbKvi c~e©e‡½i evwK Ae¯’vUv eyS‡Z cviv hv‡e, Zvnj GB †h, †m mgq
my‡cwiqvi wmwfj mvwf©‡mi g‡a¨ gvÎ GKRb wZwbI bwe‡bU I GLvbKvi
gymjgvb Kg©Pvix wQ‡jb|
LwbR m¤ú` ej‡Z c~e©e½ wKQzB cvqwb| Z‡e GLv‡b grm¨ m¤ú` wQj| Avi
wQj `yB j¶ n¯—PvwjZ ZuvZ|
216
c~e©e‡½i fv‡M ebm¤ú` c‡owQj ivR¯^ Av`v‡qi Abycv‡Z mgMÖ ev½vjvi eb
m¤ú‡`i 13 fv‡Mi 4 fvM gvÎ|
c~e©e‡½i ¯’jc_ wQj AZ¨š— wbgœgv‡bi| †Zgb D‡j­L‡hvM¨ cwigv‡Yi cvKv
iv¯—v GLv‡b wQj bv| †ijc_ cvIqv wM‡qwQj 1.619 gvBj| wKš‘ wØZxq
wek¦hy‡×i mgq GB †ijc_¸wj Lye †ekx e¨env‡ii d‡j BwÄb I Mvox hv
cvIqv wM‡qwQj Zvi Ae¯’v cÖvq fMœ`kvq G‡m `uvwo‡qwQj|
wkí ej‡Z hv eySvq Zv c~e©e‡½i fv‡M hv c‡owQj Zv AwZ bMY¨ Ges e„wUk
fvi‡Zi mgMÖ wk‡íi g‡a¨ ev½vjvq wQj 33 kZvsk wkí| Gi g‡a¨ c~e©e½
†cj H 33 kZvs‡ki g‡a¨ hvÎ 2.7 kZvsk Avi evwK 30.0 kZvsk wk‡íi
AwaKvix nj fviZfy³ cwðe½| ZvQvov e„wUk fvi‡Zi --- Av`‡Z wk‡íi
w`K †_‡K c~e©e½ cywic~Y©fv‡eB Ae‡nwjZ wQj| GgbwK weL¨vZ ivRbxwe`
G, †K, dRjyj nK, knx` †mvnivIqv`©x Ges LvRv bvwRgyDÏxbI G‡¶‡Î
†Kvb D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Ae`v‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z cv‡ibwb|
m~Pbv c‡e© c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi AeKvVv‡gv ïaygvÎ A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi Abyc‡hvMx
wQj Zv bq, ivRavbxi Dc‡hvMx GKwU kniI wQj bv| c~e© evsjv wQj
Awkw¶Z cðvrc` Rb‡Mvôx mg„×| cÖkvmwbK I †UKwbKvjx A`¶ gvby‡l
c~Y© wQj c~e© evsjv| GLv‡b †Zgb †Kvb wkí M‡o D‡Vwb| GKwUI cvUKj
A_ev nvB‡WªvwjK RyU †cÖwms wQj bv| ïay gvÎ 5wU KUb wgj Ges 4wU myMvi
wgj wQj| Gm‡ei gvwjK Ges cwiPvjK mK‡jB wQj wn›`y| (Gm gywReyj­vn;
bZzb mdi, GwcÖj 1996)| c~e© evsjvi Av‡qi cÖavb Drm wQj KuvPv cvU| hv
w`‡q 9 †KvwU UvKv evwl©K Avq n‡Zv| wKš‘ cv‡Ui evwYR¨ cy‡ivUvB wQj wn›`y
gv‡ovqvix‡`i nv‡Z| Giv Zv‡`i jf¨vsk fvi‡Z cvPvi Ki‡Zv| GUv mZ¨ †h
†KvjKvZvi cvUKj¸‡jv c~e© evsjvq Drcvw`Z cv‡Ui cÖavb †µZv wQj Ges
wek¦ evRv‡i cvU ißvbx n‡Zv †KvjKvZv e›`i w`‡q| †h Kvi‡Y cvU †_‡K
evsjvi g~j Av‡qi c~‡ivUvB wbf©i KiZ w`j­xi †gRvR gwR©i Dci| ¯^vaxbZv
DËi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q evwYR¨ cÖwZwbwaiv ¯úóZB Rvwb‡q †`q, Avcbviv cvU
wb‡q wK Ki‡eb? Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cvU wewµ Qvov Avcbv‡`i wfbœ †Kvb c_
†bB| Gme Avcbviv cywo‡q †djyb A_ev e½‡cvmvM‡i wb‡¶c Ki“b|Õ
217
ïi“‡ZB GB cÖ‡`‡k gvÎ 5 wK‡jvwgUvi kw³ m¤úbœ †eZvi †K›`ª wQj| GKwU
ˆ`wbK cwÎKv wQj bv| †Kvb cÖKvkbv wkí, AvaywbK QvcvLvbv Ggb wK e­K
ˆZixi †Kvb e¨e¯’vI wQj bv| c~e© evsjvq ZLb 10,700 wK‡jvwgUvi we`y¨r
Drcv`b n‡Zv| kn‡ii 80 kZvsk m¤úwËi gvwjKvbv wQj wn›`y‡`i Ges
GLvbKvi 80 kZvsk m¤ú‡`i gvwjKI wQj wn›`y|
wk¶vi m¤ú~Y©UvB wQj wn›`y‡`i `L‡j| cÖvq meKwU nvB ¯‹zj Ges K‡jR
wn›`y‡`i A_©vbyK~‡j¨ Ges Zv‡`i ØvivB cwiPvwjZ nZ| D”P wkw¶Z
gymjgvb‡`i msL¨v wQj nv‡Z †Mvbv| 1921 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZwôZ
nq gymjgvb‡`i D”P wk¶vi Rb¨| 1947 mvj Aewa XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
gymwjg QvÎ msL¨v wQj AZ¨í Ges gymwjg wk¶‡Ki msL¨v wQj
Aby‡j­L‡hvM¨|
wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡n D”Pe‡Y©i wn›`y‡`i cÖvavb¨ 1950 mvj Aewa GKB iKg
weivR KiwQj| G‡`i cix¶v †bIqv n‡Zv †KvjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡q GB
cÖ‡`‡k cÖkvmwbK Ávb m¤úbœ Rbkw³ I ¯’vbxq †bZ…Z¡ wQj bv hv‡`i Dci
wbf©i K‡i DbœqY cÖwµqv GwM‡q †bqv hvq| GLv‡b 20/25 Rb wWc~wU
g¨vwR‡óªU Ges mve wWcywU g¨vwR‡÷ªU wQ‡jb| cywjk Awdmvi Ges
Kb‡óe‡ji msL¨v wQj b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvR‡bi GK cðgvsk| Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq
cÖwZôv‡b †hgb †ijI‡q Rbkw³‡Z c~e© evsjvi gvbyl wQj cÖvq Abycw¯’Z|
me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v wQj cÖwZi¶v †¶‡Î| gvÎ 2kÕ Rb kw³ wb‡q GKwU
†mbv evwnbx M‡o †Zvjv m¤¢e wQj bv| ZLb cÖkvmwbK mvgwiK †Kvb †¶‡ÎB
c~e© evsjv ¯^wbf©i nIqvi gZ cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY `¶ Rb kw³ wQj bv|
cvwK¯—vb‡K aŸsm Kivi fviZxq D‡`¨vM
mxgvbv wba©vi‡Y eÂbv
eªvþY¨ev`xiv fvBmiq jW© gvD›U e¨v‡Ub‡K GgbB cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj †h
mxgvbv wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î ZviB †NvwlZ bxwZ †_‡K m‡i G‡m mxgvbvi
†KŠkjMZ Ae¯’vbmg~n fvi‡Zi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`qv nq Ges ZrKvjxb
218
cwiw¯’wZ‡K GgbB †Nvjv‡U Kiv nq †h gymwjg †bZ…Z¡ gyLey‡S mg¯— eÂbv
†g‡b wb‡Z eva¨ nq| mvgwiK †KŠkjMZ Ae¯’vb we‡ePbv K‡i cvÄv‡ei
gymwjg cÖavb GjvKv ¸i“`vm c~i †Rjv, Ag„Zmi †Rjvi AÄjv, ûwgqvi cyi,
`myqv, RjÜi, wd‡ivRcyi, weiv Znwkj ; †`v‡nvi †Rjvi Kvmyi AÂj‡KI
wn›`y¯’v‡bi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`qv nq| Gw`‡K c~e© evsjvi mwbœwnZ gymwjg
msL¨vMwiô AÂj gvj`n, gywk©`vev` †Rjv, b`xqv †Rjvi m`i gnKzgv
h‡kvni Ges PweŸk ciMbv †Rjvi gymwjg msL¨v Mwiô AÂjmg~n Ges
KwigMćK wn›`y¯’v‡bi gvbwP‡Î mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv nq| GgbwK gvj`n
gywk©`vev` cvwK¯—vb wnmv‡e †NvwlZ nIqvi wZb w`b ci fvi‡Zi mv‡_ hy³
Kiv nq|
cÖvc¨ mvgwiK miÄvg †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv nj
wW‡dÝ KvDw݇ji wm×vš— Abyhvqx 1 j¶ 65 nvRvi Ub mvgwiK miÄvg
n¯—vš—i Kivi K_v _vK‡jI cvwK¯—vb‡K †`qv nq gvÎ 23 nvRvi Ub| evKx 1
j¶ 42 nvRvi Ub mvgwiK miÄvg †_‡K cvwK¯—vb‡K ewÂZ Kiv nq| 150wU
†kig¨vb U¨v¼ cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖvc¨ e‡j †NvwlZ n‡jI GKwU U¨v¼ I
cvwK¯—vb‡K n¯—vš—i Kiv nqwb| Gi †cQ‡b †h KviYwU wQj Zvnj
cvwK¯—vb‡K `ye©j K‡i ivLv| D‡Ïk¨ wQj cvwK¯—v‡b AvMÖvmb Pvwj‡q wefvwRZ
AÂj mg~n‡K fvi‡Zi Aš—f~©³ Kiv|
A_© bM` 55 †KvwU UvKvi eÂbv
e„wUk fvi‡Zi ivóªxq Znwe‡ji 100 †KvwU UvKv cvwK¯—v‡bi b¨vh¨ cÖvc¨ g‡b
Kiv n‡jI Aviwe‡óªkb UªvBeybv‡ji wm×vš— Abyhvqx 75 †KvwU UvKv
cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖvc¨ e‡j ¯^xK…Z nq| wKš‘ ev¯—‡e gvÎ 20 †KvwU UvKv cvwK¯—vb‡K
cÖ`vb Kiv nq| evKx UvKv AvZ¥mvr K‡i wn›`y¯—vb| Iw`‡K bM` A‡_©i
Afv‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖkvmb APj n‡q c‡o cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q cvwK¯—vb miKvix
Kg©Pvix‡`i †eZb cÖ`v‡b e¨_© nq| Kvq‡` Avh‡gi Av‡e`b µ‡g gymwjg
wek¦ 25 †KvwU UvKv Zvr¶wYK fv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡j cvwK¯—vb eªvþY¨ Pµ m„ó
msKU †gvKvwejvq m¶g nq|
219
wK_ wKjvW© wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔbZzb fviZ‡K n¯—vš—iKv‡j ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡Z n‡qwQj|
wKš‘ cvwK¯—vb‡K cÖK…Z c‡¶ †f‡O co‡Z n‡qwQj| fvi‡Zi †K›`ªxq ivRavbx
wQj| cvwK¯—vb‡K bZzb ivRavbx bZzb miKvi Mo‡Z n‡qwQj| mvgvwRK I
ivR‰bwZK wek„sLjvi g‡a¨ cvwK¯—vb‡K G KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| bZzb
iv‡óªi A_©‰bwZK KvVv‡gv cÖvq †f‡O c‡owQj| hvZvqv‡Zi wPivPwiZ e¨e¯’v
me †f‡O c‡owQj| Rb mvaviY AwaKvsk wQj Awkw¶Z I A`¶|Õ
wiPvW© mvBgb †gwKs Ae cvwK¯—vb MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔA_‰bwZK e¨e¯’v ¸i“Zi
iƒ‡c IjUcvjU n‡q wM‡qwQj| cwðg cvÄv‡e AvMZ AwaKvsk wQj K…lK....
RyZv cÖ¯‘Z KviK I Ab¨vb¨ KvwiMi| wKš‘ nvwi‡q wQj kZ Kiv 80 fvM
e¨emv`vi, 90 kZvsk Svo–`vi hviv ¯^v¯’¨ i¶vi `vwqZ¡fvi enb KiZ| cj­x
A‡ji wn›`y gnvRbiv FY mieivn KiZ Zviv P‡j hvIqvq K…wl FY e¨e¯’v
†f‡O c‡o| wn›`y cvqKvix LwiÏviiv P‡j hvIqvq evRv‡i cY¨ wewµ Am¤¢e
n‡q c‡owQj| kn‡i wn›`y GKvD‡›U›U I Kg©Pvix P‡j hvIqvq e¨v¼ eÜ n‡q
c‡o wQj|Õ
†`k wefv‡Mi Av‡M †_‡K wn›`yiv c~e© cvwK¯—vb Z¨vM Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| GLv‡b
AwaKvsk K…wlRxex nIqvq Abym½xK my‡hvM myweavi Afv‡e K…wl‡¶‡Î
APjve¯’vi m„wó nq| me©¯—‡i Ae¯’vbKvix wn›`y ewYKiv †`kvš—wiZ nIqvq
e¨emv evwY‡R¨ APjve¯’vi m„wó nq| wn›`y‡`i †`k Z¨v‡Mi d‡j wk¶v
cÖwZôvbmg~n APj n‡q c‡o| †ckvRxex wn›`yiv †`k Z¨v‡Mi d‡j G‡Kev‡i
A`¶ Rb kw³ wb‡q cvwK¯—v‡bi hvÎv ïi“ nq| †`k cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †Kivbx
†_‡K Kg©KZ©v, cywjk m`m¨ †_‡K cywjk Kg©KZ©v,†mbv m`m¨ †_‡K †mbv
Kg©KZ©v, ¯^v¯’¨ i¶vi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨Kg©x I Wv³vi meB wQj cvwK¯—v‡b AcÖZzj|
Gm‡ei mv‡_ mswk­ó wn›`yiv wn›`y †bZ…e„‡›`i cwiKwíZ cÖ‡ivPbvq †`k Z¨vM
K‡i| G cÖm‡½ Kvq‡` Avhg e‡j‡QbÑ Avgiv kvmbfvi MÖn‡Yi c~‡e©
Agymwjgiv †`k Z¨vM Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i Ges cieZ©x NUbvejx Øviv cÖgvwYZ
n‡q‡Q †h cvwK¯—vb‡K c½y Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ggb cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv n‡qwQj|
1947 mv‡j Dcgnv‡`‡k 562wU †`kxq ivR¨ wQj e„wUkiv fviZ †Q‡o
hvIqvi mgq K_v wQj †`kxq ivR¨mg~n ¯^vaxb _vK‡Z cvi‡e A_ev cvwK¯—vb
I fvi‡Zi †h †KvbwUi mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z cvi‡e| †`kxq ivR¨ mg~‡ni AvqZb
220
wQj 7 j¶ 12 nvRvi eM©gvBj Ges RbmsL¨v wQj 9 j¶ 30 jvL|
eªvþY¨ev`xiv Gm‡ei AwaKvsk‡K fq-fxwZ cÖ`k©b K‡i wn›`y¯—v‡bi Aš—fy©³
K‡i †bq| RybvM‡oi beve cvwK¯—v‡b †hvM`v‡bi wm×vš— wb‡j ¯^vaxbZvi
K‡qK gv‡mi g‡a¨ fviZxq ˆmb¨ RybvM‡o PovI nq| 47 Gi 17 A‡±vei
UvBg g¨vMvwR‡b †jLv nq| ÔGK †¯‹vqvWªb wegv‡bi QÎ Qvqvq nvjKv U¨v¼
mw¾Z 34 nvRvi fviZxq ˆm‡b¨i RybvMo Ae‡iva|Õ Iw`‡K fviZxq
†bŠevwnbx RybvM‡oi e›`img~‡n Ae¯’vb †bq †hb KivPx †_‡K cvwK¯—vb
RybvM‡o Avm‡Z bv cv‡i| †kl Aewa wbi¯¿ †`kxq iv‡R¨ fviZ Zvi `Lj
¯^Z¡ Kv‡qg K‡i|
nvq`vivev` `Lj
fviZ wefv‡Mi Av‡M †_‡KB fvi‡Zi eªvþY¨ †bZ…e„‡›`i nvq`vivev‡`i cÖwZ
†jvjyc `„wó wQj| nvq`vivev` cvwK¯—v‡bi mwbœwnZ AÂj bq weavq
nvq`vivev‡`i wbRvg ¯^vaxb fv‡e _vK‡Z †P‡qwQj| wKš‘ w`j­x †mUv n‡Z
†`qwb| nvq`vivev` fvi‡Zi mwbœwnZ GjvKv nIqvi Kvi‡Y wbRvg fvi‡Zi
mv‡_ w¯’Zve¯’v Pzw³ K‡i| w¯’Zve¯’v Pzw³ AMÖvn¨ K‡i fviZ Lv`¨ `ªe¨ jeb
Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨ mvgMÖx nvq`vivev‡` cÖ‡ek wbwl× K‡i
nvq`vivev` †K m¼‡Ui m¤§yLxb K‡i| Ae‡k‡l wRbœvn †hw`b BbwZKvj
K‡ib, †hw`b cvwK¯—vb †kv‡K gyngvb †mw`b fviZ †mbv Awfhvb Pvwj‡q
nvq`vivev` `Lj K‡i|
Kvk¥xi `Lj
1947 mv‡ji AvM‡÷ †`k wefv‡Mi cUf~wg‡Z Kvk¥x‡ii gymjgvb‡`i Dci
†b‡g Av‡m mxgvnxb hyjyg| Gwkqv welqK we‡klÁ wdwjc cÖvBm Ggwc
wj‡L‡QbÑ 1947 mv‡ji cÖ_gvs‡k hLb e„wUkiv †`k Z¨v‡Mi cÖ¯‘wZ wbw”Qj
ZLb †_‡K wn›`y gnvmfvi DMÖev`x wn›`y I hy×vs‡`nx wkLiv Kvk¥x‡i AbycÖ‡ek
ïi“ nq| †m mgq Giv gymwjg RbgZ we‡ivax k³ Ae¯’vb †bq| G‡`i
Ryjyg cxob I ejvrKv‡ii d‡j Kvk¥x‡i ˆbivR¨Ki cwiw¯’wZi m„wó nq|
47 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m gnvivRv nwiwms Ges †mLvbKvi wkL Rb‡Mvôxi
A‰ah©¨ I AmwnòzZvi Dj½ cÖKvk N‡U| Kvk¥xix wn›`y †bZv †cÖgbv_ evRvR
Zvi MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡QbÑ †mB cy I wgicy‡i gnvivRvi †mbvevwnbx AwMœms‡hvM
221
nZ¨v, i³cvZ I D‡”Q` Awfhvb Pvwj‡q aŸsm ¯—~‡c cwiYZ K‡i| Kvk¥xi
miKvi †P‡qwQj Kvk¥xi‡K gymwjg k~b¨ Ki‡Z| UvBgm (10 A‡±vei 1947)
wj‡L‡Q, Kvk¥x‡ii †WvMiv evwnbx 2 j¶ 37 nvRvi gymjgvb‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e
D‡”Q` K‡i| GB D‡”Q` Awfhvb Pj‡Z _v‡K hZ¶Y bv DËi cwðg mxgvš—
AÃj †_‡K AvMZ DcRvZxq †hv×viv cÖwZ‡iva M‡o Zz‡j| GB cÖwZ‡iva
Kvk¥xix‡`i be †cÖiYvq DÏxß K‡i| †WvMiv miKvi fqven cÖwZ‡iva
gyKvwejvi kw³ nvwi‡q †d‡j| Ae‡k‡l 47 Gi 27 A‡±vei wn›`y¯’vb
AvMÖvmb Pvwj‡q Kvk¥xi‡K AvR Aewa c`vbZ K‡i ivL‡Z m¶g n‡jI
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gvÎv †gv‡UI K‡gwb| MY hy× Av‡Rv Ae¨vnZ|
fvM Av‡›`vj‡bi Aš—iv‡j
mg‡qi †cÖw¶‡Z eY©ev`x wn›`y †bZ…Z¡ evsjv‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi GKwU Ask wnmv‡e
†g‡b †bq GB Avkvq †h c~e©evsjv‡K GK mgq MÖvm Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| A_ev
c~e©cvwK¯—vbxiv wbR¯^ hš¿bvq fvi‡Zi mv‡_ †¯^”Qvq GKxf~Z n‡Z PvB‡e| G
Kvi‡Y Zviv c~e©cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Rb¨ hš¿bvKi cwiw¯’wZ m„wó Ki‡Z _v‡K cÖ_g
†_‡KB| cvwK¯—vb m„wói Av‡MB KwZcq eyw×Rxex‡K wK‡b †d‡j Iiv|
`xN©w`‡bi eyw×e„wËK AwfÁZv w`‡q jv½‡ji †cQb †_‡K Avmv nv‡j MwR‡q
IVv eyw×Rxex‡`i cÖfvweZ K‡i AwZ mn‡R|
c~e© evsjvq AvMÖvmb cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi j‡¶¨ BwÛqvb B‡›Uwj‡RÝ ey¨‡ivi
cÖavb wn‡m‡e AwZwi³ wb‡qvM †`qv nq GKRb evOvjx eY©ev`x Gb
gwj­K‡K| wZwb cÖavb gš¿x gwZjvj †b‡ni“i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ †hvMv‡hvM
ivL‡Zb| (w` mvb‡W †KvjKvZv 18-24 †m‡Þ¤^i 1948) Z`ycwi we‡kl
cwiKíbv
ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ 1949 mv‡j †KvjKvZvi mwbœK‡U hv`ecyi wek¦we`¨vj‡q
weÁRb‡`i GKwU †mj msMwVZ Kiv nq wθYv †m‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡| GKB
Ae¯’vb †_‡K c~e© I cwðg evsjv m¤cÖxwZ mwgwZ MVb Kiv nq AwRZ iv‡qi
†bZ…‡Z¡ Ges Zv‡`i cwÎKv Gcvi evsjv Icvi evsjv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
GKvˇii c‡i GKB wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aa¨vcK Ges Gcvi evsjv Icvi evsjv
†Kv GwWUi 1971|
Gi c‡i wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔAwRZ ivq GK mgq †bZvRx myfvl P›`ª emyi wb‡`©kbvq
fviZe‡l©i ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ Rvcvb I `w¶Y c~e© Gwkqvi †`kmg~‡n KvR
222
K‡i‡Qb, cieZ©x‡Z wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ me©vZ¥Kfv‡e
AZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡k Zvi ivR‰bwZK ¯^v_© wQj| evsjv‡`‡ki
ivRbxwZ‡Z Zvi bxie I mwµq f~wgKv A‡b‡KiB ARvbv| (wKwc fÆvPvh©,
1973)
c„w_exi gvbwP‡Î cvwK¯—vb `„k¨gvb nIqvi Av‡MB ALÊ fviZ cÖwZôvi ¯^cœvweó
eY© wn›`yiv mwµq n‡q I‡V| m¤¢ve¨ Uv‡M©U mvg‡b †i‡L c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi KwZcq
Zi“Y‡K n‡iK iKg Avkv I Avk¦vm w`‡q ALÊ fvi‡Zi ¯^c‡¶ cÖfvweZ
K‡i|
1947 mv‡j 14B AvM÷ cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi `yB mßvn Av‡M KwZcq Zi“Y MY
AvRv`x jxM MVb K‡ib| G‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Kvgi“wÏb Avng` †gvn¤§`,
†Zvnv, Ijx Avnv` Ges ZvRywÏb Avng`| Giv cvwK¯—vb wew”Qbœ Kivi
e¨vcv‡i mwµq f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Qb GKvËi ch©š—| GLb cÖkœ G‡m hvq
my`xN© 190 eQi civaxbZvi ci ¯^vaxbZvi DËi‡Yi µvwš—Kv‡j †Kvb& Aïf
kw³i Bkvivq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi gvwU‡K DËß Kivi j‡¶¨ Zviv GKwU
ivR‰bwZK `j MV‡bi Rb¨ mwµq nj| `‡ji †gwbd¨v‡óv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q|
cvwK¯—v‡bi evOvjx‡`i A_©‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZvB Zv‡`i j¶¨Ñ G‡`i wK ejv
hv‡e, nq Zviv wb‡e©va A_ev †Kvb Ackw³i `vjvj Giv| wb‡e©va ejv n‡”Q
GB Kvi‡Y †h, m`¨ gy³ †`k cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖkvmb Pvjv‡bvi gZ †jvKej
A_©ej wKQzB wQj bv, gymwjg we‡k¦i mnvbyf~wZkxj‡`i A_© mvnv‡h¨ miKvix
Kg©Pvix‡`i †eZb fvZv w`‡Z nZ, GgZve¯’vq Zv‡`i Avevi A_©‰bwZK gv_v
e¨_v ïi“ nj cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi Av‡MB| wK wewPÎ! Aïf kw³i `vjvj ejv
nj GB Kvi‡Y hviv cvwK¯—vb‡K mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb, hviv cvwK¯—vb b¨vh¨
cvIbv †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i‡Q GB D‡Ï‡k¨ †h c~e© cvwK¯—vb †hb wbR¯^ hš¿bvq
fvi‡Zi mv‡_ GKxf~Z n‡Z Pvq| Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ wmw×i Rb¨ hw` †KD mwµq
nq Zv‡K `vjvj I cÂg evwnbx Qvov wK ejv hv‡e! G‡`i cieZ©x Kg©KvÊ
GUvB cÖgvY K‡i‡Q GB Ackw³i µxobKiv cvwK¯—v‡bi eqm hLb 2 mßvn
ZLb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi c`v_© we`¨vi cÖfvlK AvRv`x jx‡Mi Ab¨Zg m`m¨
Aveyj Kv‡kg ZgyÏyb gRwjm MVb K‡ib| hw`I Gi D‡Ïk¨ j¶¨ wQj
Bmjvgx mgvR I ivóª cÖwZwôZ Kiv Ges GB mv‡_ G‡`i Zvr¶wYK j¶¨ wQj
ivóª fvlv evsjvi `vex Av`vq Kiv| kvgmyj Avjg, G‡K Gg Avnmvb Ges
223
ˆmq` bRi“j Bmjvg ZgyÏyb gRwjm‡K w`K wb‡`©kbv †`q| wKš‘ Giv
gRwj‡mi Kg©Kv‡Ê RwoZ wQ‡jb bv| wKš‘ ag©wbi‡c¶ RvZxqZvev`x
Kvgi“wÏb Ges KwgDwbó †Zvnv gRwj‡mi mv‡_ RwoZ wQ‡jb| Aveyj Kv‡kg
gRwjm cÖwZôvi 15 w`‡bi g‡a¨ GKwU cy¯—K cÖKvk K‡ib evsjv I D`©y‡K
ivóªfvlv Kivi `vex K‡i| GKwU wn›`y †cÖm cy¯—KwU Qvwc‡q †`q| GKRb wn›`y
g¨v‡Rwmqvb wcwm miKvi Znwej msMÖn K‡i †`b| W±i knx`yj­vn W±i
Gbvg~j nK mn Ab¨vb¨ cÖvq me eyw×Rxex `~i`k©x fvebv cwiZ¨vM K‡i nvjKv
nvIqvq fvm‡Z _v‡Kb| Avm‡j Dcgnv‡`‡ki mvgwMÖK cwiw¯’wZ Ges eY©ev`x
wn›`y‡`i Mfxi Pµvš— AuvP Kivi †gav m¤¢eZ G‡`i Kv‡iv wQj bv| evsjv
fvlvi c‡¶ msm‡` †mv”Pvi KÉ †kvbv hvq ax‡i›`ª bv_ `Ë mn Ab¨vb¨
Ks‡MÖm †bZ…e„‡›`i| gymwjg mvsm`iv wQ‡jb wbe©vK `k©K| Zviv ¯^vaxbZvi
cÖ_g cÖfv‡Z AbvûZ mgm¨vi DU‡Kv hš¿bvq weeªZ †eva KiwQ‡jb| wn›`y
mvsm`iv hv KiwQ‡jb †mUv wQj wØRvZx ZZ¡‡K AKvh©Ki Kiv Ges eY©
wn›`y‡`i ALÊ fviZ cÖwZôvi P~ovš— j‡¶¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi cÖ_g †mvcvb wnmv‡e
e¨envi Ki‡Z| †Kvb GK eY©ev`x evOvjx eyw×Rxex K_v cÖm‡½ GK gvm ci
gyL¨ gš¿x byi“j Avwgb cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡` KwgDwb÷ Ges fviZxq G‡R‡›U‡`i
ivRbxwZi QÙ¨vei‡Y aŸsmvZ¥K Kv‡R wjß _vKvi Awf‡hvM Zz‡j ZrKvjxb
cwiw¯’wZi we¯—vwiZ weeiY †`b|
wZwb e‡jb mwjgyj­vn gymwjg nj †_‡K wecyj cwigvY aŸsmvZ¥K cÖPvi cÎ
D×vi Kiv nq| bvivqYM‡Äi wgwQ‡j Rqwn›` Ges hy³ evsjv PvB †k­vMvb
†`qv nq| be MwVZ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZv Ges Gg Gj G Ges R‰bK
gv‡ivqvixi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ cvU e¨emvqx Imgvb Avjxi evmM„n †_‡K aŸsmvZ¥K
wjd‡jU D×vi Kiv nq Ges GKB Ae¯’vb †_‡K fviZxq wn›`y hyeK‡`i
†MÖdZvi Kiv nq| GKB ai‡bi †MÖdZvi nq PÆMÖvg, ivRkvnx Ges Av‡iv
wKQz ¯’v‡b| (w` Avj †njvjÑ fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnvm, 449-50)| QvÎ
jx‡Mi †bZ…e„›` hviv we‡¶v‡f Ask wbZ Zviv cÖwZw`b ey‡jwUb cÖKvk KiZ|
ey‡jwU‡bi †nW jvBb wQj G ai‡bi †hgbÑ c~e© e‡½ i³v³ wec­‡ei cÖ_g
c`‡¶c, c~e© e½ KwgDwbó cvwU©i †bZ…‡Z¡ fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi e¨vcK AMÖMwZ
BZ¨vw`| (Gg, G †gvnvB‡gb, 1986 : 21)|
224
 †KvjKvZvi KwgDwbó cvwU©i gyLcÎ wbqwgZ G msµvš— wi‡cvU© cÖKvk Ki‡Zv
Ges Zv‡`i GK m¤úv`Kxq‡Z †Rjv Ges †K›`ªxq ch©v‡q KwgDwbó‡`i w`K
wb‡`©kbvi `vex Kiv nq| (¯^vaxbZv, KwjKvZv, 10 Ges 11 gvP© 1952)
ZgÏyb gRwj‡mi gyLcÎ ˆ`wbKwU GK_v ¯^xKvi K‡i †h ivR‰bwZK my‡hvM
mÜvbx Ges cvwK¯—vb we‡ivax Pµ fvlv Av‡›`vjb‡K Zv‡`i ¯^v‡_© e¨envi
K‡i‡Q| (XvKv, 26 †deª“qvix, 1952)| mgKvjxb Pxd †m‡µUvix cÖvq
`yÕ`kK ci ¯^xKvi K‡ib †h †Mv‡q›`v cywj‡ki wi‡cv‡U© ejv n‡qwQj, †ek
wKQz fviZxq AbycÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q Ges KwgDwbóiv AZ¨š— Zrci| (G GÛ G
`xj 2000; 183) A_©c~Y© Kvi‡Y 21 †deª“qvix ¸wjel©YKvix cywjk
Awdmvi‡`i wPwýZ Kivi e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv Kivi cwie‡Z© †bZ…¯’vbxq
Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i AwaKvsk Gwjm Kwgkb †_‡K `~‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i| Rvwóm
Gwjm e‡jb, Av‡›`vjbKvix †bZ…e„›` mK‡j mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡j Z`š— h_vh_
n‡Z cviZ| (G Inve, we Igi 1985 : 166-70) RvZxq cÖ‡dmi Avãyi
iv¾vK Ae‡k‡l Av‡jvob m„wóKvix Z_¨ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
1968-69 mv‡j Dbœqb FY eivÏ n‡qwQj c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 1.060
wgwjqb UvKv Ges cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 780 wgwjqb UvKv| 1969-70
mv‡ji Dbœqb FY eivÏ n‡qwQj c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 1290 wgwjqb cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 910 wgwjqb| GKB iKg †`Lv hvq G·‡cvU †µwW‡Ui
†¶‡Î 1965-66 †_‡K 1969-70 A_© eQi Aewa c~e© cvwK¯—vb MÖnY K‡i
210 wgwjqb Wjvi cwðg cvwK¯—vb MÖnY K‡i 192 wgwjqb Wjvi (Gj Gd
ivm eª“K BDwjqg, 1973 t 152, 53)
AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQz wRwbm cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Avg`vbx
†¶‡Î mvewmwW †`qv nZ| †hgb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K wm‡g›U
Avg`vbxi †¶‡Î mvewmwW †`qv n‡Zv| wKš‘ cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b Avg`vbxi
†¶‡Î mvewmwW †`qv n‡Zv bv| Avš—RvwZ©K evRvi †_‡K AwaK `v‡g c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi cY¨ wewµ Kivi my‡hvM †`qv nZ| †hgb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Pv Avš—
R©vwZK evRvi †_‡K 7 ¸Y †ekx `v‡g cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b wewµ nZ|
(Ag„ZevRvi cwÎKv, †KvjKvZv 24 †g, 1974)
225
GKvˇii hy×Kv‡j BwÛqvb BbwówUDU Ae cvewjK G¨v‡dqv‡m©i †Pqvig¨vb
Avi wc Kvcy‡ii e³‡e¨ mewKQz cwi®‹vi n‡q hvq| wZwb wj‡L‡QbÑ
evsjv‡`‡ki NUgvb cwiw¯’wZi †hŠw³K e¨vL¨v wnmv‡e c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b cwðg
cvwK¯—vbx‡`i †kvl‡Yi ayqv †Zvjv nq †mUv m‰ee Ab¨vq Ges cwiw¯’wZi AwZ
mnR Ges jNy e¨vL¨v|Õ (Avi wc Kvcyi t 1971)
c~e© cvwK¯—vb `L‡ji D‡`¨vM
Avgiv Av‡MB e‡jwQ wKfv‡e eªvþY¨ev`xiv e„wUk‡`i mv‡_ †hvM mvR‡m
cvwK¯—vb‡K cÖvc¨ m¤ú` †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i‡Q, wKfv‡e cvwK¯—vb we‡kl K‡i
c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K A_©‰bwZK w`K w`‡q c½y Kivi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q| cÖkvmwbK
KvVv‡gv M‡o †Zvjvi D‡`¨vM e¨vnZ K‡i‡Q| `wi`ª, cðvrc`, mgm¨vq
RR©wiZ c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K nvwU nvwU cv cv K‡i GwM‡q †bqvi e¨vcv‡i hLb
gymwjg jxM weeªZ| †m mgq ivR‰bwZK msKU m„wó Kivi Rb¨ wech©¯—
RbM‡Yi Kv‡b Kv‡b wel Xvj‡Z ïi“ K‡i KwgDwbó RvZxqZvev`x Ges wn›`y
P‡µi Kg©KvÊ| GUv ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e †h gymwjg jx‡Mi g‡a¨ MYgyLx
†bZ…‡Z¡i msKU wQj| G m‡Z¡I GUv wVK †h gymwjg jxM Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_
msK‡Ui †gvKvwejv K‡i‡Q †mUv RvZxqZvev`x KwgDwbó A_ev Ks‡MÖ‡mi
wn›`y †bZ…e„‡›`i c‡¶ m¤¢e wQj bv Ggb wK Ab¨ Kv‡iv c‡¶I m¤¢e wQj bv|
2 kZ eQi a‡i †kvwlZ ewÂZ RbM‡Yi mvwe©K mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv G‡K
ev‡iB mg¤¢e wQj| cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi w`b †_‡K cÂg evwnbx Pµ gymwjg
jxM‡K MY we‡ivax wnmv‡e wPwýZ Kivi cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ iv‡L| cwðg e‡½i
g~L¨ gš¿xi `k©b wQj cvwK¯—vb‡K aŸsm Ki‡Z n‡j gymwjg jxM‡K aŸsm
Ki‡Z n‡e| k¨vgvcÖmv‡`i GB `k©b wµqvkxj K‡i †Zvjv nq cvwK¯—v‡b|
cvwK¯—vb KwgDwbó cvwU©i m¤úv`K Kg‡iW mv¾v` Rwni m`¨ f~wgó ivóª
cvwK¯—v‡b mvgwiK Kg©KZ©v‡`i cÖfvweZ K‡i †gRi †Rbv‡ij AvKe‡ii
†bZ…‡Z¡ mvgwiK Afy¨Ìvb NUv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib| ZrKvjxb cwiw¯’wZi Dci
Aa¨vcK big¨vb eªvDb wj‡L‡QbÑ Ôwn›`y¯’v‡bi mwµq mv¤cÖ`vwqK msMVb
wn›`y gnvmfv ivóªxq ¯^qs †meK msN Ges KvDwÝj di w` cÖ‡UKmb Ae w`
226
gvBbiwUR `vex K‡i †h, c~e©cvwK¯—v‡bi Ici mvwe©K Avµgb Pvwj‡q A_ev
Zxeª A_©‰bwZK Pvc Ae¨vnZ †i‡L c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K fvi‡Zi Aš—fy©³ Ki‡Z
n‡e|Õ
G D‡Ï‡k¨ wn›`y¯’v‡b cwiKwíZ fv‡e mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vi m~Pbv Kiv nq cvwK¯—
v‡bi Ici A_©‰bwZK I cÖkvmwbK Pvc m„wói Rb¨| Ab¨w`‡K c~e© cvwK¯—
vb‡K Aw¯’i K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ KwgDwbó cvwU©‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv nq MY
Afy¨Ìv‡bi Rb¨| KwgDwbóiv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b gymwjg Awaevmx‡`i Av¯’v AR©b
Ki‡Z bv cvivq Zviv Agymwjg bgï`ª, mvIZvj I nvRs‡`i GjvKv‡K †e‡Q
†bq| D‡Ïk¨, Aw¯’iZv m„wó Kiv| Zviv Rvb‡Zv G Afy¨Ìvb Kvh©Kvix n‡ebv,
Zv m‡Z¡I gwbwms, myeªZ, BjvwgÎiv Gme K‡iwQj G Kvi‡Y †h Gi
cÖwZwµqvq mswk­ó A‡ji Agymwjg Awaevmxi Ici cywjkx wbh©vZb †b‡g
Avm‡e Ges Zviv fvi‡Z cjvqb Ki‡e| fviZ mv¤cÖ`vwqKZv Qwo‡q c~e ©
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ici fvi‡Zi PovI nevi my‡hvM cv‡e| wn›`y¯—vb †h †Kvb g~‡j¨
Pvw”Qj hy‡×i Aven m„wó Ki‡Z| 1951 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ jÛb G¨vbyqvj
†iwR÷ªv‡i ejv nq, Ô1949 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i cwðg evsjvq `v½vi m~Pbv nq|
†mUvi mv¤cÖ`vwqK PwiÎ wQj bv, †KvjKvZvi eyw×Rxweiv Gi Ici
mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi iO Qwo‡q cwiw¯’wZi AebwZ NUvq| †KvjKvZvq AbywôZ
m‡¤§j‡b wn›`y gnvmfvi mfvcwZ †NvlYv †`b, cvwK¯—vb‡K cybivq ALÊ
fvi‡Zi Aš—fy©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi G e³‡e¨i cÖwZ me wn›`y msMVb mg_©b
Ávcb K‡i| fvi‡Zi cÖavb gš¿x G †NvlYvi cÖwZ mg_©b †`b| UvBgm Gi
(24 gvP©, 1959) GK wi‡cv‡U© ejv nqÑ Ô†KvjKvZvi GKwU RbwcÖq ˆ`wb‡K
hy‡×i c‡¶ cÖPvi Ae¨vnZ ivLv n‡q‡Q Ges c~e© evsjv Avµg‡bi Rb¨ c~e©
cvwK¯—vb AvRv` miKvi MV‡bi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †WBjx †UwjMÖv‡di
wi‡cvU© ejv nqÑ 1950 mv‡ji gv‡P© c~e© I cwðg mxgv‡š—i GK cÖvš— †_‡K
Ab¨ cÖvš— ch©š— e¨vcK ˆmb¨ †gvZv‡qb Kiv nq| nvq`ivev‡`i mvgwiK
Mfb©i wnmv‡e wb‡qvwRZ †gRi †Rbv‡ij †R Gg †PŠayix c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
mxgvš— GjvKv cwi`k©b K‡ib Ges e¨vcK I we¯—…Z hy× cwiKíbv ˆZix
K‡ib| w`j­xi wb‡`©‡k wZwb w`bvRcyi, ivRkvnx I h‡kvi mxgvš— cwi`k©b
K‡i m¤¢ve¨ wn›`y¯’vbx Avµg‡bi Rb¨ c~e©
227
cvwK¯—v‡bi `ye©j I bvRyK Ae¯’vb¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡ib|Õ GLv‡b D‡j­L Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i †h, †RGb †PŠayix cvebv †Rjvi PvU‡gvni _vbvi nwicyi MÖv‡gi
Awaevmx| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi gvwU AvenvIqvi mv‡_ Zvi wbweo m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y
hy× cwiKíbv Kivi Rb¨ w`j­x Zv‡K `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y K‡iwQj| fviZ 1950
mv‡j GKvˇii weRq m~wPZ Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj| Avš—R©vwZK Pvc Ges c~e©
cvwK¯—vbx RbM‡Yi HK¨ we‡ePbvq G‡b mgivwfhvb ¯’wMZ K‡i| Gici `xN©
21 eQi a‡i c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi msnwZ web‡ói Rb¨ g‡bv‡hvMx nq| evOvjx
RvZxqZvev`‡K †eMevb K‡i c~e© evsjvi RbMY‡K AvZ¥NvZx K‡i †Zvjvi
Rb¨ cÂg evwnbx c~e©cvwK¯—vb‡K kw³kvjx Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ ivR‰bwZK A½‡b
c`PviYv ïi“ K‡i| 1971 mvj ch©š— wbZ¨ be be †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡i
åvZ…NvZx hy‡×i bvUK g¯’ K‡i mdjfv‡e fvi‡Zi eªvþY¨ Pµ|
cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j c~e© evsjvi AMÖMwZ
1947 mv‡j c~e©e‡½ (cieZ©x‡Z c~e© cvwK¯—vb, eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k cvUKjI
wQj bv A_P 1970 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 24,334wU jyg m¤^wjZ 68wU cvUKj ¯’vwcZ
nj; 1947 mv‡j †hLv‡b 2600 jyg I 1,12,000 w¯úÛj m¤^wjZ gvÎ 7wU
Kvc‡oi Kj wQj †mLv‡b 1970 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Zv 7,000 jyg I 7,50,000
w¯úÛj m¤^wjZ 44wU Kvc‡oi K‡j DbœxZ nq; wPwbKj wQj 5wU, Zv 1970
mv‡ji g‡a¨ 15wU‡Z DbœxZ nj; g¨vP d¨v±ixi Drcv`b ¶gZv †hLv‡b mgMÖ
cvwK¯—v‡b 1947 mv‡j wQj 80 j¶¨ MÖ“m ev·, ïaygvÎ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bB
1970 mv‡j Drcv`b nj 113 j¶ MÖ“m ev·; †ijI‡q IqvK©mc (DbœZ
gv‡bi) ˆZwi nj `yBwU, Lyjbvq ˆZix nj wkcBqvW©, bvivqYM‡Ä WK BqvW©
wbwg©Z nj; w÷j wgj nj GKwU, Mvjd«v nvwee bv‡g RyU wgj †¯úqvim ˆZwii
KviLvbv nj, A¨iW&b¨vbm d¨v±ix nj, imvqb wkí nj; `yBwU KvMR Kj,
GKwU wbDRwcÖ›U wgj I GKwU nvW©‡evW© wgj nj; e„nr gy`ªY wkí ¯’vwcZ nj;
mvi KviLvbv nj; Mvox ms‡hvRb KviLvbv nj, †gwkb Uzjm d¨v±ix nj,
B‡jwUªKvj BKzBc‡g›U ˆZwii KviLvbv nj; evB-mvB‡Kj ms‡hvRb ˆZwi
KviLvbv nj; ˆZj †kvabvMvi nj; †hLv‡b †Kvb wmMv‡iU d¨v·ix wQj bv
†mLv‡b wmMv‡iU d¨v±ixi Drcv`b 1969-70 mv‡j GK nvRvi mvZ kZ
†KvwU wmMv‡iU-G DbœxZ nj; 1969-70 mv‡j Kw÷K †mvWv Drcv`b nj
228
3,350 Ub, mvjwdDwiK GwmW Drcv`b nj 6,450 Ub, †K¬vwib Drcv`b
nj 2,900 Ub, evm, UªvK, Kvi I Rxc G‡mw¤­s nj 455wU, BDwiqv
dvwU©jvBRvi Drcv`b nj 96,000 Ub; PÆMÖvg I Pvjbv e›`‡ii gva¨‡g
1967-68 mv‡j ißvbx n‡qwQj 14 j¶ U‡bi Dci Ges Avg`vbx n‡qwQj
42 j¶ U‡bi Dci gvjvgvj; 1947 mv‡j we`y¨r Drcv`b ¶gZv wQj gvÎ
7,286 wK‡jvIqvU, Zv 1970 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 5,48,000 wK‡jvIqvU Drcv`b
¶gZv m¤^wjZ Drcv`b †K‡›`ª DbœxZ nj; 1947 mv‡j mgMÖ cvwK¯—v‡b Kvi,
Rxc, U¨v·x, evm, UªvK, e¨vweU¨v·x, †gvUi mvB‡Kj cÖf„wZ iv¯—vq PvwjZ
hv‡bi msL¨v wQj 25, 435 Zv 1970 mv‡ji g‡a¨ ïay c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
70,086wU‡Z DbœwZ n‡qwQj; 1947 mv‡j mgMÖ cvwK¯—v‡b †Uwj‡dv‡bi msL¨v
wQj 35 nvRvi, Zv 1968 mv‡j c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b `uvwo‡qwQj 45,657wU‡Z;
bZzb †ijc_ wbwg©Z nj 157 gvBj; 1952 mv‡j †hLv‡b DbœZgv‡bi cvKv
iv¯—v wQj 594 gvBj I wbgœgv‡bi cvKv iv¯—v wQj 1,03-28 gvBj, †mLv‡b
1969-70 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Zv D”Pgvb m¤úbœ cvKv iv¯—v nj 4,481 gvBj Avi
wbgœgv‡bi cvKv iv¯—v nj 1874 gvBj| 1966-70 mv‡j K…wl‡Z ivmvqwbK
m¨vi e¨envi nj 2,77,000 Ub; cvIqvi cv¤ú I bjK~‡ci mvnv‡h¨ cvwb
†m‡Pi e¨envi nj H eQi 8 j¶ GK‡iiI †ekx Rwg‡Z|
we`y¨r, iv¯—v, †hvMv‡hvM, cwienY, †mP, e›`i cÖf„wZ †¶‡Î Dbœq‡bi
cvkvcvwk cÖvq 150wU e„nr wkí cÖwZôvb wQj| ZvQvov †ij, †bŠ I moK
cwienb wk‡íi DbœwZ wbðqB mvgš—Zvwš¿K Kvq`vq †kvl‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨
cÖwZwôZ nqwb| 1969-70 mv‡j ïaygvÎ †ijI‡q‡Z Pvjvb †`Iqv gv‡ji
IRb wQj 48 j¶ Ub|
Gi cvkvcvwk 1947 mv‡j gvÎ 7.700 GK‡ii Pv evMvb wkí DbœxZ n‡q
1969 mv‡ji g‡a¨ GK j¶ GK‡i `uvwo‡qwQj;RyU †cÖmI cÖvq 70wU‡Z DbœxZ
n‡qwQj| G Qvov M‡o D‡VwQj gvSvwi I †QvU AvKv‡ii A‡bK wi‡ivwjs wgj,
BwÄwbqvwis KviLvbv, gy`ªY, cÖKvkbv I c¨v‡KwRs wkí, msev`cÎ wkí, Jal
cÖ¯‘Z wkí, Pvgov wkí, cv`yKv Drcv`b KviLvbv, Kuv‡Pi `ªe¨vw` cÖ¯‘Z wkí,
†jŠn KviLvbv, XvjvB KviLvbv, Gjywgwbqvg d¨v±ix, †givgZ KviLvbv I
WKBqvW©, BU ˆZwi wkí, dvwb©Pvi ˆZwi wkí, m-wgj, AvUv-Pvj-‰Zj-Wvj
fv½vb Kj, gq`v wkí, jeY ˆZwi KviLvbv, we¯‹zU I †eKvix wkí, c­vwóK I
229
ivevi wkí, Uvqvi Drcv`b wkí, †nvwmqvix wkí, B‡jwUªK Zvi, evj¦, cvLv
BZ¨vw` ˆZwi wkí; grm cÖwµqvRvZKiY I Avjy wngvwqZKiY wkí, cÖmvabx
mvgMÖx cÖ¯‘Z wkí, e¨vUvwi Drcv`b wkí, mvevb KviLvbv, wcP‡evW© I
KvM‡Ri `ªe¨ cÖ¯‘Z KviLvbv, wewfbœ ai‡bi ms‡hvRb I †givgZ
KviLvbv,†cvkvK ˆZwi wkí cÖf„wZ K‡qK nvRvi wkí hvi g‡a¨ 1970 mv‡j
miKvixfv‡e †iwRwóªK…Z wQj mv‡o wZb nvR‡ii Dci, Avi Pxd Bbm‡c±i
Ae d¨v±ixR GÛ Bóvewjk‡g›Um-Gi 1969 mv‡ji †iKW© Abyhvqx wQj
5,541wU wkí cÖwZôvb| 1970 mv‡j Pjw”PÎ M„‡ni msL¨v wQj 166wU|
AviI wQj AMwYZ n¯—PvwjZ ZuvZ (miKvixfv‡e ¯^xK…Z n¨vÛjyg d¨v±ix wQj
cÖvq mv‡o mvZ kZ) wkí I wewfbœ KzwUi wkí, AjsKvi cÖ¯‘Z wkí, wewo
ˆZwi KviLvbv, wbg©vY wkí, †UBjvwis mc, eB euvavB KviLvbv BZ¨vw`| hv‡Z
wbhy³ wQj j¶ j¶ kªwgK| Gi cvkvcvwk wQj nvRvi nvRvi evwYwR¨K
cÖwZôvb I †`vKvb| wQj B‡¤úvU©-G·‡cvU© e¨emv, wK¬qvwis-d‡ivqvw©W©s e¨emv,
K¨vwis e¨emv, Kbmvwës dvg©, e¨vsK I exgv wkí BZ¨vw`| 1996-70 mv‡j
ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Avg`vbx I ißvbx mg‡q GK Ub cv‡Ui Mo ißvbx
g~j¨ wQj 1,5553.00 UvKv I GK Ub KuvPv cv‡Ui Mo ißvbx g~j¨ wQj
1,223.00 UvKv Ges GK cvDÛ Pv-i Mo ißvbx g~j¨ wQj GK UvKv cÂvk
cqmvi gZ| cÖkœ n‡”Q, cyuwRev‡`i weKvk Qvov Gme nj Kx K‡i? Avi Gi
†_‡K wK c~e©eZx mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡Uwb?
ivk eª“K DBwjqvg 1971 mv‡j wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔAvgvi ch©‡e¶Y Avgv‡K GB
Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q †h gvÎ kZvãxi PZz_©vsk A_©vr 25 eQ‡ii
g‡a¨ cvwK¯—vb †hfv‡e ¯^vaxb ivóª wnmv‡e AMÖMwZi bZzb w`Mš— iPbv K‡i‡Q
AZx‡Zi j¤^v BwZnv‡mi †Kvb ch©v‡qB Ggb AMÖMwZ AwR©Z nqwb| mdj
¯’vcbv KvcZvBeva, PÆMÖvg‡K cÖavb mvgyw`ªK e›`i wnmv‡e cÖwZôv, P›`‡Nvbv
†ccvi wgj, †dš’yMÄ mvi KviLvbv hv cvwK¯—v‡bi †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b wbwg©Z n‡Z
cviZ| wKš‘ †mUv wQ‡jv †K‡›`ªi D‡`¨vM| †K‡›`ªi D‡`¨v‡M cÖvB‡fU †m±‡iI
D‡j­L‡hvM¨ AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q|Õ
wn›`y mvsm`‡`i we‡ivwaZv m‡Z¡I gymwjg ivqZ‡`i gvwjKvbv ¯^Z¡ cÖ`vb Kiv
nq| ¯’wei †m±‡i cÖvY Pv‡j¨i m~Pbv Kiv n‡qwQj Ggb fv‡e †h `ywf©¶
230
†Kvb `ywf©¶B Zvi Kv‡jv nvZ evov‡Z cv‡iwb| lv‡Ui `k‡K c~e© evsjv Lv‡`¨
¯^qs m¤ú~Y©Zv AR©‡b m¶g nq|
1947 mvj bvMv` †hLv‡b c~e© evsjvq gvÎ GKwU wek¦ wek¦we`¨vjq GKwU
BwÄwbqvwis ¯‹zj Aa©WRb wWwMÖ K‡jR wQj †mLv‡b cvwK¯—vb hy³ K‡iQ 5wU
wek¦we`¨vjq (wZbwU mvaviY, GKwU BwÄwbqvwis Ges GKwU K…wl)|
GQvov GLv‡b 3wU BwÄwbqvwis K‡jR 6wU BwÄwbqvwis ¯‹zj 8wU cwj‡UKwbK
Ges 5wU †gwWK¨vj K‡jR Ges AmsL¨ †gwWK¨vj ¯‹zj cÖwZwôZ Kiv nq|
weÁvb Kjv I evwYR¨ Aa¨q‡bi Rb¨ 2k‡Zi I AwaK K‡jR cÖwZwôZ Kiv
nq|
wkw¶Z wn›`yiv †`k Z¨v‡Mi ci c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wkw¶‡Zi nvi wQj cÖvq k~‡b¨i
†KvVvq| cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j wkw¶‡Zi nvi `uvovq 19 kZvsk A_P cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡b wkw¶‡Zi nvi wQj 18 kZvsk|
1949-50 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi cvewjK mvwf©m Kwgk‡bi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK
cix¶v AbywôZ nq, hviv wjwLZ cix¶vq DËxY© n‡q‡Q Ggb evsjvfvlx 40
Rb‡K †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii wewfbœ kvLvq wb‡qvM †`qv nq miKvix wb‡`©‡k|
1949/50 mv‡j cvewjK mvwf©m Kwgk‡bi cix¶vq AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨
†gav wfwËK wb‡qvM †`qv nq 20 kZvsk evKx 80 kZvsk c` c~e©I cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ mgvbfv‡e fvM K‡i †`qv nq| (R symond, the British
and their Suceessors 44-90) A_P c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi KwZcq cwiwPZ gyL Gi
we‡ivwaZv K‡i| lv‡Ui `k‡Ki ga¨fvM †_‡K wmGmwc‡`i 3 eQi mgq
AwZµvš— n‡j Zv‡`i wbR cÖ‡`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv‡bv ïi“ nq| 1955 mv‡ji
cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q c~e© cvwK¯—vbx wmGmwci AbycvZ 35 kZvs‡k †cŠ‡Q| 1971
mvj bvMv` G‡`i msL¨v cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mgch©v‡q DbœxZ nq| 1947
mv‡j GLv‡b K‡qKRb Kwgkb Awdmvi 50/60 Rb Rywbqvi Kwgkb Ges
200 Rb †Rvqvb wQj| 1971 mvj bvMv` G msL¨v `uvovq 40 nvRv‡i|
ˆelg¨ wbim‡bi D‡`¨vM
c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi ˆelg¨ AbvKvw•LZ n‡jI GUv A¯^vfvweK wQj bv|
cwðg cvwK¯—vb e„wUk Jcwb‡ewkK kvm‡bi Aaxb nq cjvkxi kZ eQi
c‡i| †h Kvi‡Y evsjvi gvbyl †hfv‡e e„wUk Ges Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx eY©
wn›`y‡`i avivevwnK wbh©vZ‡bi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQj cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi RbMY
231
e¨w³MZ ch©v‡q Ges mvgwMÖK fv‡e †Zgb †kvlY eÂbvi m¤§yLxb nqwb|
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b evsjvi gZ †Kvb wn›`y Rwg`vi‡`i wb‡®úlY Ges
gnvRb‡`i †`ŠivZ¡ wQj bv| A_ev evsjvi gZ AvaywbK wk¶v I K‡g©i †¶‡Î
cðvrc` wQj bv| Z`ycwi mswk­ó A‡ji †KŠkjMZ ¸i“‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y †mLv‡b
KL‡bv cÖkvmwbK J`vmxb¨I cwijw¶Z nqwb| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi GjvKv
mg~‡n K…wl e¨vcK †mP myweav †c‡q‡Q| †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v Ges Ab¨vb¨
AeKvVv‡gvMZ myweav †_‡K mswk­ó AÂj jvfevb n‡q‡Q| †gv‡Ui Dci `ª“Z
A_©‰bwZK AMÖMwZ AR©‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb †mLv‡b gIRy` wQj| (wRwc
fÆvPvh©, 1973 t 119-20)
1948 mv‡ji gv‡P© c~e© cvwK¯—vb mdi Kv‡j wRbœvn DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cvIqv
c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi ˆelg¨ AbvKvw•LZ e‡j D‡j­L K‡ib| wZwb
mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Ges ˆah© avi‡Yi Avnevb Rvwb‡q hZ`ª“Z m¤¢e c~e© I
cwð‡gi ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Yi Avk¦vm †`b| Kvq‡` Avh‡gi GB Avk¦vm msweavb
iPbvi †¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡en n‡q D‡V| 1956 Ges 62 mv‡j Dfq msweav‡b iv‡óªi
Dfq As‡ki ga¨Kvi weivRgvb ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Yi Ges RvZxq cwil‡` G
e¨vcv‡i ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Dci ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q|
AvBqye Lvb 1948 mv‡j Rvbyqvix‡Z hLb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wRIwmi `vwqZ¡ cÖvß
n‡jb, ZLb GLv‡b †mbvevwnbxi gvÎ 5wU †Kv¤úvbx mnKv‡i `y‡Uv e¨v‡Uwjqvb
wQj| †Rbv‡ij AvBqye Zvi AvZ¥Rxebx Ô‡d«Ûm bU ÔgvóviÕ MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡QbÑ
Ô†mbvevwnbxi m`i `߇i †Kvb †Uwej †Pqvi ev †ókbvix wQj bv, ej‡Z †M‡j
Avgv‡`i wKQz wQj bv| GgbwK c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi GKwU gvbwPÎ ch©š— wQj bv|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb mdiKv‡j wRbœvn †mbvevwnbx‡Z AwaK msL¨K c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
†Rvqvb‡`i wb‡qvM †`qvi Rb¨ e¨w³MZfv‡e D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib Ges GKRb
c~e© cvwK¯—vbx †gRi Avãyj MwY‡K Bó‡e½j †iwR‡g›U MVb Kivi `vwqZ¡
cÖ`vb K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z WwKs myweav mn GKwU †bfvj †eR PÆMÖv‡g ¯’vcb
Kiv nq| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Zi“Y‡`i wiµz‡Ui Rb¨ GKwU wW‡cv,A‡bK wiµzwUs
†m›Uvi Ges cÖwk¶Y †K›`ª ¯’vcbv Kiv nq| Ab¨ Avi GKRb c~e© evsjvi
K‡Y©j Avãyj KvBqyg †PŠayix‡K c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Zi“Y‡`i hy‡Mvc‡hvMx `¶
wnmv‡e fwel¨Z †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ M‡o †Zvjvi e¨vcv‡i K¨v‡WU K‡jR ¯’vc‡bi
`vwqZ¡ Ac©b Kiv nq| 69 †_‡K 71 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 4wU †iwR‡g›U M‡o †Zvjv
nq ïay gvÎ c~e© cvwK¯—vbx‡`i wb‡q| Gi Dc‡i cvÄve,†ejyP Ges d«w›Uqvi
232
†iwR‡g›U M‡o †Zvjvi mgq 25 kZvsk c~e© cvwK¯—vbx‡`iI wiµzU Kiv nq|
c~e© cvwK¯—vbx‡`i GZ `ª“Z wb‡qvM †`qv nw”Qj †h XvKvi Bó †e½j
†iwR‡g›Uvj †m›Uvi †mbvevnxi gvb n«vm nIqvi e¨vcv‡i D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡i|
cvwK¯—vb †ijI‡q †evW© Ges cvwb I we`y¨r Dbœqb ms¯’v| cÖv‡`wkK miKvi‡K
mswkë wefvM Dbœq‡bi cwiKíbv †bqv Ges Gme ev¯—evq‡bi AwaKvi †`qv
nq| 70 kZvsk weµq Ki mn †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii 54 kZvsk U¨v· †iwfwbD
Ges Ab¨vb¨ U¨v· Ges wWDwUi m¤ú~Y©UvB c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ eivÏ Kiv
nq| (GB Rvwni, 1994 t 92-93)
1966-67 mv‡j eivÏ Kiv nq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 95.40 †KvwU UvKv Ges
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ 36.33 †KvwU UvKv| AvBqye kvmbvg‡j †K›`ªxq
ev‡R‡Ui AwaK cwigvY eivÏ Kiv nq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨| †K›`ª I
cÖ‡`‡ki ga¨Kvi A_©‰bwZK Drm ewa©Z Kivi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq| 1962-63
mv‡j c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi i“ivj IqvK©m †cÖvMÖvg ïi“ Kiv nq| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b
ïi“ nq GK eQi ci| GB Kg©m~Pxi Rb¨ cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Zzjbvq c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ AwaK cwigvY A_© eivÏ Kiv nq| Z…Zxq cÂevwl©Kx
cwiKíbvi Rb¨ 5200 †KvwU UvKv eivÏ Kiv nq| Gi g‡a¨ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
Rb¨ eivÏ Kiv nq 2500 †KvwU UvKv| wkí Dbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ U¨v·
nwj‡W e¨e¯’v Pvjy Kiv nq| c~e©cvwK¯—v‡bi wkícwZiv GUv †fvM K‡i 4-6
eQi| Aci w`‡K cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi wk‡ív‡`¨v³viv U¨v· nwj‡W †fvM Kivi
my‡hvM cvq 2-4 eQi| Avkv Kiv n‡qwQj G Ae¯’v Pj‡Z _vK‡j 1985
mv‡ji g‡a¨ DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cvIqv me ai‡bi ˆelg¨ `~i Kiv m¤¢e n‡Zv|
(wRwc fUvPvh© 1973 t 152-53)
†cÖwm‡W›U AvBqy‡ei cZ‡bi ci †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv ¶gZvmxb n‡qB Zvi
ivR‰bwZK cÖ‡qvR‡b A_©‰bwZK ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK mywePvi msµvš— wKQz
A½xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb| †hgb wZwb e‡jwQ‡jbÑ ÔcwiKwíZ DbœwZ‡K mvgvwRK
Bbmv‡di `vwe †_‡K c„_K Kiv hvq bv| †h weivU e¨eavb mgv‡Ri bvbv
Ask‡K c„_K K‡i †i‡L‡Q Zv‡K msKzwPZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †h fvimvg¨nxbZv
mvgvwRK Ø›Ø I Am‡š—v‡li c_ †`Lvq Zv `~ixf~Z Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ
†cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv fvimvg¨nxbZv `~ixKi‡Y Zrci wQ‡jb| 1969 mv‡j wZwb
Av‡gwiKvi Kv‡Q ewa©Z mvnv‡h¨i Av‡e`b Rvwb‡q mvov †c‡jb bv| G m‡Ë¡I
233
wZwb AvIqvgx cÂgevwnbxi we‡ivwaZvi gy‡LI PZz_© cÂevwl©Kx cwiKíbv
MÖnY K‡ib A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× A¶zbœ ivLvi Rb¨| G cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b
cwiKíbv Kwgk‡bi cÖwZ †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi wb‡`©k wQj, cÖ_gZ mvgvwRK
mywePv‡ii cÖwZ AwaKZi ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc, wØZxq wb‡`©k wQj †`‡ki wewfbœ
A‡ji g‡a¨ A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨‡K e¨vcKfv‡e Kwg‡q Avbv|
Bqvwnqvi wb‡`©‡k RvZxq A_©‰bwZK KvDwÝj cÖYxZ PZz_© cÂevwl©Kx
cwiKíbvq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ eivÏ Kiv nq 3 nvRvi 9kZ 40 †KvwU UvKv
Ges cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ eivÏ Kiv nq 3 nvRvi 5kZ 60 †KvwU UvKv|
G‡ZI gš¿x cwil‡`i evOjv fvlx m`m¨iv mš‘ó nqwb| Gi cÖwZwµqvq
†cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv cwiKíbv Kwgk‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jbÑ gš¿x cwil‡`i Avgvi
evOvjx mnKg©xiv Avgvi Kv‡Q D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h 1970-71 mv‡j c~e©-cvwK¯—
v‡bi Rb¨ AvÂwjK eivÏ AvÂwjK ˆelg¨ Kgv‡e bv| Zv hw` nq Zv n‡j
Avwg Gi c¶ wb‡Z cvwi bv| †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui Ggb cÖwZ wµqvi d‡j cwiKíbv
Kwgkb †NvlYv K‡i †h, AvÂwjK ˆelg¨ `~i Kivi Rb¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K
750-1000 †KvwU UvKvi m¤ú` c~e-© cvwK¯—v‡b ¯’vbvš—i Kiv n‡e|
Z…Zxq cÂevwl©Kx cwiKíbvi 37 kZvsk eivχK PZz_© c evwl©Kx
cwiKíbvq 52 kZvs‡ki DbœxZ Kiv nq| GQvovI eb¨v wbqš¿‡bi Rb¨
AwZwi³ 150 †KvwU UvKv eivÏ Kiv nq| †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv G e¨vcv‡i
Av‡iv AwZwi³ eiv‡Ïi K_v e¨³ K‡ib| ZLb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖkvmb
evOvjx‡`i Øviv cwiPvwjZ nIqv m‡Z¡I Zviv h‡_ó msL¨K cÖKí ˆZix Ki‡Z
e¨_© nq| ZLb Bqvwnqvi g‡a¨ c~e©-cwð‡gi AZxZ ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Yi mw`”Qv
†hgb cÖej wQj Abyiƒc G e¨vcv‡i cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i g‡a¨ weiƒc cÖwZwµqv
cwijw¶Z nqwb| GB åvZ…Z¡‡eva mngwg©Zv fvjevmvi Abyfe weivRgvb _vKv
m‡Ë¡I †Kb wn›`y¯’vbx cÖ‡ivPbvq gywRe m„ó AvÂwjK RvZxqZvev‡`i Av¸‡b
R¡j‡Z n‡q‡Q cvwK¯—vb‡K GUvB BwZnv‡m we¯§q|
Bqvwnqvi Gj Gd Gi 5 `dv †g‡b wb‡qB †kL gywRe wbe©vPb K‡iwQ‡jb|
gywRe Rvb‡Zb Bqvwnqvi 5 `dvi mv‡_ gywR‡ei 6 `dvi we‡iva i‡q‡Q| G
m‡Ë¡I wZwb wbe©vPb K‡i‡Qb Ges wbe©vPbx Iqv`vq cvwK¯—vb‡K ALÊ ivLvi
A½xKvi K‡i‡Qb| Ô1969 mvj n‡Z wbe©vPb n‡q hvIqvi ci 1971 mv‡j
234
Bqvwnqv gywR‡ei ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ˆeVK ch©š— Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi wfwË wQj gywR‡ei
6 `dv cwieZ©‡bi A½xKvi| Bqvwnqv gywRe Av‡jvPbvi †Uc †iKW© I wQj|Õ
GUv mwZ¨ †h c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi RbMY ¯^vqZ¡kvm‡bi c‡¶ wQj| ¯^vaxbZvi
c‡¶ Zviv †fvU †`qwb| ÔGUv my¯úó K‡i ej‡Z nq, MÖvgv‡ji gymwjg
RbZv hviv gywRe‡K †fvU w`‡qwQj Zviv eyS‡Z cvwiwb †h, hw` 6 `dvi
cwieZ©b bv Kiv nq Zvi A_© n‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi cwimgvwß| †gv‡Ui Ici
Gkxq GKwU †`‡ki Awkw¶Z †fvUvi‡`i KvQ †_‡K GUv K`vwPZ Avkv Kiv
hvq †h, Zviv me©vwaK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb I wew”QbœZvi †Mvcb cwiKíZvi ga¨Kvi
m~² cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z m¶g n‡”Q| AwaKš‘ 1970 mv‡j Zvi wbe©vPbx e³„Zvmg~n
we‡k­l‡Y hv cÖZxqgvb nq, gywRe KLbI evOvjx gymjgvb‡`i e‡jbwb †h Zvi
j¶ wQj c„_K ivóª evsjv‡`k m„wó Kiv|
6 `dvi A_© ¯^vqZ¡kvmb wnmv‡e RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Dc¯’vcb Ki‡jI m‡PZbiv
wVKB Rvb‡Zb GUv wew”Qbœ nIqvi g~jgš¿| †cÖwm‡W›U BqvwnqvI GUv fvj
K‡i eyS‡Zb| gywR‡ei wbe©vPbx A½xKv‡i 6 `dv _vKv m‡Ë¡I †cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv †Kb gywRe‡K 6 `dv wb‡q wbe©vP‡b AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM w`‡jb|
KviY gywRe 6 `dv KvUQvU Kivi A½xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb Bqvwnqvi Kv‡Q|
†cÖwm‡W›U gywR‡ei Iqv`vi Ici wbf©i K‡i wbwðZ wQ‡jb| Gi d‡j gywR‡ei
wbwe©‡iva cÖPvibvi ga¨ w`‡q 6 `dv µgk kw³kvjx nIqvi my‡hvM cvq|
1970 mv‡ji AvM÷ bvMv` miKvi gywR‡ei Avmj gZje m¤ú‡K©
wbf©i‡hvM¨ Lei cvb| †Rbv‡ij AvKe‡ii mvgwiK wi‡cvU©mg~n †emvgwiK
†Mv‡q›`v mvwf©m c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡b hvi AvÂwjK cÖavb wQ‡jb GK Rb evOvjx
wZwb Bqvwnqv‡K h‡_÷ BswMZ †`b †h, gywR‡ei †KŠkj g‡b n‡”Q evOvjx‡`i
GK”QÎ †bZv nIqvi †¶‡Î wbe©vPb‡K e¨envi Kiv Gici wZwb `uvZ
wLuP‡eb| mwZ¨ mwZ¨ gywRe `uvZ wLuPv‡Z ïi“ K‡ib wbe©vP‡bi ci †_‡K|
wbe©vP‡bi djvdj †NvlYvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv gywRe fy‡Æv‡K
ï‡f”Qv evZ©v w`‡q Awfb›`b Rvbv‡jb| evovevwoi Kvi‡Y Bqvwnqvi
kvmbvg‡j hviv e›`x n‡qwQj Zv‡`i gyw³ w`‡jb ï‡f”Qvi wb`k©b¯^iƒc| wKš‘
wbe©vP‡bi djvdj †NvlYvi ci †_‡K †kL gywRe mxgv AwZµg Ki‡Z ïi“
235
Ki‡jb| MYcÖwZwbwa‡`i nv‡Z Awej‡¤^ ¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii Rb¨ Pvc e„w×
Ki‡jb †kL gywRe|
ïaygvÎ ¶gZv n¯—vš—iB bq Gj Gd IqvK© AW©vi kZ© Abyhvqx 3 gv‡mi g‡a¨
¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii cÖkœI RwoZ wQj| GB Rb¨ me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq wQj c~e©
I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b MYcÖwZwbwa‡`i g‡a¨ GKUv mg‡SvZvi Ges RvZxq cÖ‡kœ
cvi¯úwiK †evSvcovi| mg‡SvZvi mKj c_ Gwo‡q gywRe AmwnòzZv,
wnsmv-we‡Øl, Av‡eM Avi Db¥v`bv Qwo‡q ivR‰bwZK cwi‡ek‡K welv³ K‡i
ZzjwQ‡jb|
wbe©vP‡bi djvdj †NvlYvi ci †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv fwel¨Z cÖavbgš¿x †kL
gywRe‡K ivRavbx Bmjvgvev` md‡i Avgš¿Y Rvwb‡q wedj nb| RvwZi GB
msKUgq gyn~‡Z© mg‡SvZvi Rb¨ Ae‡k‡l †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv‡K XvKvq Avm‡Z
n‡qwQj| wZwb 12 Rvbyqvix XvKvq G‡jb| gywR‡ei mv‡_ Bqvwnqvi 3 N›Uv
¯’vqx ˆeVK nj| A‡bK cÖZ¨vkv wb‡q XvKvq G‡mwQ‡jb Bqvwnqv| Bqvwnqv
Avkv K‡iwQ‡jb c~‡e©i A½xKvi gZ gywRe mvov w`‡eb, wZwb Zvi Av‡Mi
cÖwZkÖ“wZ gZ Bqvwnqv‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ˆZwi Lmov kvmbZš¿ †`Lv‡eb Ges
A½xKvi gZ 6 `dvi wKwÂZ cwieZ©b K‡i ALÊ cvwK¯—v‡bi Dc‡hvMx mevi
MÖnY‡hvM¨ kvmbZš¿ cÖYqb Ki‡eb| wKš‘ Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi mgq †kL gywRe
G m‡ei av‡i Kv‡Q G‡jb bv| Lmov kvmbZš¿ †`Lv‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡jb|
Bqvwnqv‡K †kL gywRe Vv‡i VvD‡i Rvwb‡q w`‡jb Gme Bqvwnqvi KvR bq,
msL¨vMwió `‡ji †bZv wnmv‡e kvmbZš¿ wel‡q hveZxq KvR m¤úbœ Kivi
`vwqZ¡ Zvi| Bqvwnqvi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q Awej‡¤^ msm` WvKv| gywRe ûuwkqvwi
D”PviY K‡i ej‡jb, msm` WvK‡Z e¨_© n‡j fqven cwiYwZ Awbevh© n‡q
DV‡e| cvwK¯—v‡bi msnwZ I ALÊZvi ¯^v‡_© Bqvwnqv cvwK¯—v‡b †mbvcÖavb
Ges †cÖwm‡W›U nIqv m‡Ë¡I †kL gywR‡ei a„óZv I A‡mŠRb¨g~jK AvPiY‡K
nvwmgy‡L nRg Ki‡jb| gywR‡ei KcUZv, gybv‡dKx Ges A½xKvi c~i‡Yi
cÖwZkÖ“wZ †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvIqvi ciI Bqvwnqv XvKv Z¨v‡Mi cÖvKKv‡j wegvb
e›`‡i mvsevw`K‡`i m¤§y‡L gywRe‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi fwel¨r cÖavb gš¿x e‡j
AwfwnZ Ki‡jb|
kvmbZš¿ cÖYq‡bi e¨vcv‡i me‡P‡q †ekx cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj `yB `‡ji `yB †bZvi
mg‡SvZvi K_v ZLbI fvewQ‡jb RbMY| GB `yB †bZvi mg‡SvZvi DciB
236
wbf©i KiwQj Bqvwnqvi ¶gZv n¯—vš—i cÖwµqv| hw`I cÖwZw`b Lei †ei nZ
gywR‡ei evmfe‡b Avš—wiK cwi‡e‡k Av‡jvPbv AbywôZ n‡”Q| gywRe fy‡Ævi
`v-Kzg‡ov m¤ú‡K©i K_v †h hvB ejyK, `yB †bZvi e¨w³MZ m¤úK© wQj Lye
wbweo| wZbw`b a‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨ `xN© Av‡jvPbv n‡qwQj wVKB wKš‘ Gi dj
ïf nqwb| †kl Aewa gywRe fy‡Æv‡K ب_©nxbfv‡e Rvwb‡q w`‡jb †h, wZwb 6
`dvi cwiKíbv †_‡K GK BwÂI m‡i `uvov‡eb bv| fy‡ÆviI Reve wQj
Abyiƒc| fy‡Æv ej‡jb †h, wZwb Ges Zvi `j 6 `dvq cwiKíbvi †Mvcb
AwfmwÜ wew”QbœZvi cwiKíbvi m¤§Z n‡Z cv‡ib bv| ZrKvwjb c~e© cvwK¯—
v‡bi cÎcwÎKv fy‡Ævi e³e¨ †_‡K lohš¿ I `yiwfmwÜi MÜ Avwe®‹vi
Ki‡jv| wKš‘ 6 `dvi Aš—wb©wnZ j‡¶¨i w`‡K Kv‡iv †PvL coj bv|
Iw`‡K gywR‡ei Av‡cvmnxbZv I AbgbxqZvi Kvi‡Y †Rbv‡ijiv fy‡Ævi
KvQvKvwQ G‡m covq fy‡Æv kw³kvjx n‡q D‡V| RvZxq cwil‡`i ˆeV‡Ki
ZvwiL †NvlYvi ci fy‡Ævi cÖwZwµqvB wQj Zvi bZzb kw³i ewntcÖKvk| fy‡Æv
û¼vi w`‡q ej‡jbÑ ÔhZ¶Y ch©š— gywRe I Zvi g‡a¨ kvmbZ‡š¿i e¨vcv‡i
†evSv cov bv nq ZZ¶Y ch©š— ˆeVK em‡Z †`qv n‡e bv| me©vwaK
¯^vqZ¡kvmb †`qvi Rb¨ †Rbv‡ijiv cÖ¯‘Z wQ‡jb|
ZrKvjxb mvgwiK miKv‡ii mv‡_ mswk­ó Rbve wR Wwe­D †PŠayix mgKvjxb
ev¯—eZv m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡QbÑ ÔcvwK¯—v‡bi ALÊZv i¶v Ki‡Z †mbv
Awdmvie„›`, wmwbqi Kg©KZ©viv eo iK‡gi Z¨vM ¯^xKv‡i cÖ¯‘Z wQ‡jb|
†mbvevwnbxi Zi“Y Awdmvie„›` Ges `~i`k©x †Rbv‡ij‡`i Kv‡Q cvwK¯—vbx
RvZxqZvev` †Kvb A¯úó I Aev¯—e aviYv wQj bv| eis Zv‡`i Kv‡Q c~e© I
cwðg Dfq cvwK¯—v‡bi eû †`k‡cÖwgK RbM‡Yi b¨vq Gi Av`k© I cZvKv
†h †Kvb g~‡j¨ i¶v Kiv wQj LyeB wcÖq| Zviv H me g~j¨‡eva I Av`k© i¶v
Ki‡Z `„p cÖwZÁ wQ‡jb|Õ
G m‡Ë¡I GKvˇii fq¼i wech©q †_‡K †kl i¶v nj bv| Gi Rb¨ `vqx
†K? me `vq-`vwqZ¡ †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi Kuv‡a Pvwc‡q w`‡q †kL gywR‡ei
Dci †`eZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i Avgiv eyw×e„wËK `vq gy³ nIqvi Rb¨ hviv AvR
Aewa †Póv K‡i P‡jwQ BwZnvm wK Zv‡`i‡K KL‡bv ¶gv Ki‡e!
fvi‡Zi jvj ms‡KZ
237
AvMoZjv lohš¿ D`NvwUZ n‡qwQj 1967 mv‡j| K‡qKRb mv¶xi mv¶¨
†_‡K Rvbv hvq †kL gywRe GB loh‡š¿i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ wQ‡jb|
GB hoh‡š¿i j¶¨ wQj Kgv‡Ûv Kvq`vq AZwK©Z Avµgb Pvwj‡q mvgwiK
BDwbUmg~‡ni A¯¿vMvi `Lj K‡i A¯¿mg~n wbw®Œq A_ev aŸsm K‡i †`qv|
GB D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi j‡¶¨ 1967 mv‡ji 12 RyjvB lohš¿Kvix‡`i
cÖwZwbwa‡`i mv‡_ wn›`y¯’vbx cÖwZwbwa‡`i GK ˆeVK AbywôZ nq| GKB
eQ‡ii wW‡m¤^‡i loš¿Kvix‡`i K‡qKRb †MÖd&Zvi nq| G‡`i GKR‡bi †`qv
Z‡_¨ Rvbv hvq †h, wn›`y¯—vb wec­ex‡`i A_© I A¯¿ mvnv‡h¨i cÖwZkÖ“wZ
w`‡q‡Q| GQvovI P~ovš— gyn~‡Z© c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi AvKvk
I mgy`ª c_ eÜ Kivi cÖwZkÖ“wZI wQj G‡Z|
cvwK¯—vb we‡ivax lohš¿ bvU‡Ki †kl `„‡k¨ w`j­x gyL wdwi‡q †bqwb| eis
Zvi †`qv cÖwZkÖ“wZ c~Y©v½ fv‡e i¶v K‡i 1971 mv‡ji †deª“qvix gv‡m GKwU
dKvi †d«Ûwkc wegvb nvBR¨vK bvU‡Ki AeZviYv K‡i| w`j­xi wb‡`©kgZ
fviZxq Pi KZ…©K GB wegvbwU n¨vBR¨vK K‡i jv‡nv‡i AeZiY Kivb nq|
nvBR¨vKKvixiv Zv‡`i `vwei e¨vcv‡i Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi mgq my‡hvM bv w`‡q
wegvbwU‡K †evgv †g‡i Dwo‡q †`q| cvwK¯—vb wegv‡bi µz Ges hvÎx‡`i
fviZ cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i †`q| G msµvš— Z`š— Kwgk‡bi wi‡cvU©
†_‡K Rvbv hvq, wn›`y¯—v‡bi Dci w`‡q c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi wegvb PjvPj
eÜ Kivi GKUv Qzu‡Zv `uvo Kiv‡bvi j‡¶¨ wn›`y¯—vbx G‡R›Uiv Gi NUbvi
AeZviYv KiwQj| cvwK¯—v‡bi ivR‰bwZK I kvmbZvwš¿K msKU Kv‡j GB
NUbvi gva¨‡g wn›`y¯—vb cvwK¯—v‡bi wew”QbœZvev`x‡`i GB meyR ms‡KZ
w`‡qwQj †h fviZ Zv‡`i me©‡Zvfv‡e mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z i‡q‡Q|
wQbZvB bvUK msNwUZ nIqvi ciciB gywRe wee„wZ †`bÑ ÔGUv ¶gZv
n¯—vš—i ¯’wMZ Kivi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii GK lohš¿|Õ G‡Z c‡iv¶fv‡e
gywRe fviZxq c`‡¶c‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡jb| Iw`‡K Avi GK †bZv RyjwdKvi
Avjx fy‡Æv fviZxq AbyPi Ges mvRv‡bv wQbZvBKvix‡`i RvZxq exi wn‡m‡e
AwfwnZ K‡i| G †_‡K my¯úó n‡q hvq, †`k‡cÖg Ges RvZxq ¯^v_©mswk­ó
wel‡q `yB cÖv‡š—i `yB †bZv gywRe I fy‡Æv nq †`Dwjqv, bq‡Zv Pµvš—Kvix
fvi‡Zi †`vmi|
238
w`j­x fvi‡Zi Dci w`‡q wegvb PjvPj eÜ K‡i ¶vš— n‡jv bv, c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi wew”QbœZvev`x‡`i mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi eû ˆmb¨‡K
c~e© cvwK¯—vb mxgv‡š—i KvQvKvwQ Avbv nj| †RU R½x wegvb I cwienb
wegvb mxgv‡š—i KvQvKvwQ wegvb e›`‡i R‡ov Kiv nj| cwðg evsjvi 5
wWwfkb ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek Kiv nj| Gi Av‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vb mxgv‡š—
†gvZv‡qbK…Z we Gm Gd Gi K‡qKwU e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡iv K‡qKwU
e¨v‡Uwjqvb hy³ Kiv nj| GB fv‡e cÖvq 25wU e¨v‡Uwjqvb c~e© cvwK¯—vb
mxgvš— wN‡i Ae¯’vb wbj| GB me e¨v‡Uwjqvb hv‡Z AwZ mn‡R c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi wfZ‡i XyK‡Z cv‡i G Kvi‡Y we Gm Gd Gi wPý gy‡Q †djv
nj| Rxc I Ab¨vb¨ hvbevn‡bi iO e`‡j †`qv nj| w`j­x †_‡K wegvb
†hv‡M we Gm Gd ˆmb¨ Avbv nj| me we Gm Gd †Kvm© evwZj Kiv nj|
cywjk wefv‡Mi me QzwU evwZj Kiv nj|
wn›`y¯—vbx GjvKvi Dci w`‡q cvwK¯—vbx wegvb PjvPj eÜ Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_
mgy`ªc‡_I evavi m„wó Kij w`j­x| GwcÖ‡j (71) wn›`y¯’vbx †bŠNuvwU †`vqviKvi
70 gvBj cwð‡g fviZxq †bŠevwnbxi GKwU RvnvR Imvb GÛy‡iÝ bv‡g
GKwU evwYwR¨K RvnvR‡K weeªZ K‡i| RvnvRwU nvRx‡`i enb KiwQj|
wn›`y¯—v‡bi `w¶Y mxgv‡š— Abykxj‡bi bv‡g DcK~j †_‡K 123 gvBj `~i
ch©š— †¶cbv¯¿ Qzo‡Z _v‡K| GBfv‡e Zviv cvwK¯—vbx †emvgwiK wegvb‡K
Av‡iv `w¶‡Y †h‡Z eva¨ K‡i|
GB ms‡KZ gywRe‡K AZ¨š— `ytmvnwm K‡i Zz‡j| †m mgq MvwW©qvb cwÎKv
(24 †deª“qvix, 1971) gywR‡ei `ytmvn‡mi KviY GBfv‡e cÖKvk K‡iÑ ÔwZwb
(gywRe) e‡j‡Qb, RbmvaviY Avgv‡K fvjev‡m myZivs Avgv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡e
bv| wZwb G K_v e‡j‡Qb, KviY wZwb Rv‡bb †h c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b †cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi ˆmb¨ msL¨v GZ Kg †h Zviv eo iK‡gi wKQz Kivi mvnm
cv‡e bv| Avi †h‡nZz wn›`y¯—v‡bi Dci w`‡q wegvb PjvPj eÜ, Kv‡RB ˆmb¨
msL¨v evov‡bvI Am¤¢e|Õ
fy‡Ævi ûgwKi †cÖw¶‡Z cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖvq mKj m`m¨ Avmbœ msm`
Awa‡em‡b †hvM`v‡b weiZ _vKvi wm×vš— wb‡q †dj‡jb| G‡Z fy‡Ævi
239
Ae¯’vb Av‡iv kw³kvjx n‡q D‡Vj| Bqvwnqvi cÖZ¨vkv c~i‡Yi c_ †Lvjv
iBj bv| Gi d‡j 3 gvP© 71 Gi msm` Awa‡emb ¯’wMZ ivLv Qvov †Kvb
weKí wQj bv| Bqvwnqv Rvb‡Zb †h, G‡Z c~e© cvwK¯—vb AwMœ Mf© n‡q DV‡e|
G Kvi‡Y wZwb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi RbM‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ e³‡e¨i Lmov ˆZix
Ki‡jb| wKš‘ †Kvb A`„k¨ BswM‡Z †mUv cÖKvwkZ n‡jv bv| 1 gvP© †ejv
3Uvq 3 gv‡P©i Avmbœ Awa‡emb ¯’wMZ †Nvlbv Kiv nj| Gi cÖwZwµqv nj
fq¼i| GK NÈvi g‡a¨ XvKv kni AwMœ Mf© n‡q DVj| †k­vMv‡b †k­vMv‡b
gyLi n‡q DVj mgMÖ kni| ÔjvwV‡mvUv wb‡q wgwQj µgk fq¼i n‡q DV‡Z
jvMj| G‡K gywRe ej‡jb, Awnsm Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb| wKš‘ G
Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖK…wZ Awnsm, wQj bv| DMÖ AvÂwjK RvZxqZvev`x Av‡›`vjb
KLbB Awnsm nq bv| Gm‡e _v‡K cÖwZwnsmv cÖwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv Ges RvwZMZ
we‡Øl †hw`b †_‡K ïi“ n‡qwQj AevOvjx‡`i †`vKvbcvU jyU| G‡`i Dci
PjwQj wew”Qbœ wew¶ß Ges cwiKwíZ nvgjv| kn‡i †mbvevwnbx bvgvb nj|
†Kvb †Kvb ¯’v‡b jy‡Uiv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ¸wj Pvjvb nj| Gi d‡j Av‡›`vj‡bi
ZxeªZv †e‡o Pjj|
gv‡P©i 3 Zvwi‡L †h Av‡›`vjb ïi“ nj †mUv Avi w¯—wgZ nj bv| AvKvk
evbx, wewewm Ges ¯’vbxq cÎ cwÎKv cÖwZw`b wbZ¨ bZzb c×wZ‡Z BÜb
†RvMv‡Z jvMj| ej‡Z †M‡j gv‡P©i 3 ZvwiL †_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—vb APj n‡q
coj| †mbvevwnbx Qvov GLvbKvi cy‡iv cÖkvmb APj n‡q coj| †iwW I
wUwf gywR‡ei wb‡`©‡k cwiPvwjZ n‡Z ïi“ Kij| †kL gywRe c~e© cvwK¯—vb
kvm‡bi e¨vcv‡i GKwUi ci GKwU wb‡`©k Rvwi Ki‡Z _vK‡jb| GB
wb‡`©‡ki bvg Abyhvqx miKvix AvavmiKvix Awdm eÜ †NvlYv Kiv nj| c~e©
I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ †Uwj‡dvb U¨v‡j· I †eZvi †hvMv‡hvM eÜ K‡i
†`qv nj cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv bq, N‡i N‡i DÇxb nj evsjv‡`kx cvZvKv|
GB APjve¯’v wbim‡bi Rb¨ †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv 15 gvP© XvKvq G‡jb|
†cÖwm‡W‡›Ui G AvMgb‡K g‡b Kiv nj cvwK¯—v‡bi Aw¯—Z¡ i¶vi †kl cÖqvm
wnmv‡e †mB w`bB gywRe D¯‹vbxg~jK wee„wZ w`‡q Bqvwnqvi ˆa‡h©¨i cix¶v
wb‡jb| wee„wZ‡Z ejv nj ÔRbM‡Yi ex‡ivwPZ msMÖvg GwM‡q Pj‡Q...
evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY, †emvgwiK miKvix Kg©Pvix, Awdm I KviLvbv Kg©Pvix,
K…lK I QvÎmgvR GUv wbwðZfv‡eB cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Q †h Zviv AvZ¥mgc©‡bi
240
†P‡q eis g„Zz¨‡K eiY Ki‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Drmvn DÏxcbv
wbe©vwcZ Kiv hv‡e bv| myZivs msMÖvg bZzb DÏxcbvmnKv‡i Pj‡e| hZ¶Y
bv Avgv‡`i gyw³i j¶¨ Av`vq nq|Õ
GKvˇii GB gnv bvqKB wQ‡jb fviZxq A_©vbyK‚‡j¨ msMwVZ DMÖev`x R½x
fviZcš’x Zi“Y‡`i Øviv cwi‡ewóZ| KwgDwb÷ cvwU© I Ks‡MÖ‡mi eveyPµ
GB Zi“Y‡`i‡K fviZxq ms¯‹…wZ Øviv D¾xweZ K‡i G‡m‡Q| GBme
Db¥vZvj m½x‡`i Øviv w`j­x cvwK¯—vb‡K UzK‡iv UzK‡iv Kivi `xN© w`‡bi
cwiKíbv wbR¯^ QK a‡i GwM‡q wb‡q PjwQj| Bqvwnqvi mv‡_ gywR‡ei wQj
w`j­x cÖ‡hvwRZ bvU‡Ki †kl `„k¨| g‡Â ˆeVK Pj‡jI †bc‡_¨ wQj wfbœ
wPÎ| fviZxq †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v wimvP© GÛ G¨vbvjvB wmm DBs (ÕiÕ) we‡kl
civgk© Abyhvqx cÖ¯‘wZ PjwQj| Zv‡`i civg‡k© gywRe Aemi cÖvß K‡b©j
Imgvbx‡K wec­ex kw³mg~‡ni KgvÛvi wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ †`b| mk¯¿ Afy¨Ìvb
msNU‡bi Rb¨ Av‡iv wKQz cvwK¯—vbx †mbvevwnbxi Aemi cÖvß †mbv Awdmvi
Imgvbxi ms‡M †hvM †`b| evsjv‡`‡ki wZb mßv‡ni ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb
†K›`ªxq miKvi‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Z gywR‡ei Rb¨ GK Af~Z c~e© my‡hvM K‡i
†`q| †iwWI wUwf msev` gva¨‡gi Ici gywR‡ei c~Y© KZ…©Z¡ cÖwZwôZ _vKvi
Kvi‡Y RbMY‡K wec‡_ PvwjZ Kiv Zvi Rb¨ mnR nq| Iw`‡K Bó‡e½j
†iwR‡g›U, Bó cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm Gi evOjvfvlx †Rvqvb Awdmvi Ges
Avbmvi gyRvwn` †mB mv‡_ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi cywjk †dvm© †K›`ªxq miKvi bq
gywR‡ei cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖ`k©‡b wQj e×cwiKi|
Ab¨w`‡K gywRe Bqvwnqvi Av‡jvPbv Ges PjwZ NUbv cÖev‡ni cÖwZ bRi
ivLwQ‡jb cvwK¯—vbx †Rbv‡ijiv| wm×vš— MÖnYKvix †Rbv‡ijiv mevB ZLb
XvKvq Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| Zviv Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ Kvgbv KiwQ‡jb GKwU
ivR‰bwZK mgvavb| GKwU HK¨e× cvwK¯—vb| wKš‘ gywRe wew”QbœZvi P~ovš—
j¶¨ †_‡K m‡i bv `uvov‡j mg‡SvZvi ïf D‡`¨vM e¨_© n‡j wK ai‡bi e¨e¯’v
†bqv n‡e †m ai‡bi wm×vš— wb‡q †d‡jb †Rbv‡ijiv| `xN© ivR‰bwZK
AwfÁZv †_‡K gywR‡ei GK_v fvj K‡iB Rvbvi K_v †h, cvwK¯—v‡bi
mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I ALÊZvi cÖ‡kœ mvgwiK cÖkvmb GK we›`yI Qvo w`‡e bv|
Z`ycwi Gi †cQ‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi ˆeix kw³ w`j­xi hLb BÜb i‡q‡Q, †m
Ae¯’vq cvwK¯—v‡bi †Rbv‡ijiv †PvL eÜ K‡i wbw®Œq Ae¯’v‡b †_‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi
241
fvOb cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡eb bv eis me©kw³ wb‡qvM K‡i ALÊ cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ hy×
Ki‡eb| GiciI gywR‡ei †`v`yj¨gvb Ae¯’v cwiw¯’wZ‡K msNv‡Zi gy‡L wb‡q
PjwQj|
`y‡Uv kw³i Hk¦‡h© jvwjZ n‡q †kL gywRe nZvk n‡q c‡ob ZLb, hLb wZwb
Rvb‡Z cv‡ib gvwK©b hy³ivóª Zvi †cQ‡b †bB| gywRe Bqvwnqvi mv‡_
mg‡SvZvi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡qI wcwQ‡q Av‡mb Zvi Ab¨Zg c„ô‡cvlK fviZ
Ges Zvi Av‡›`vj‡bi kw³ Av‡cvlnxb Zi“Y‡`i Pv‡ci gy‡L| Zvi mxgvnxb
MR©‡bi Avov‡j Zv‡K wN‡i a‡i GK Amxg AmnvqZ¡| Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi ms‡M
GK ˆeV‡K wZwb e‡jB †d‡jwQ‡jbÑ ÔAvwg hw` Avcbvi K_vgZ KvR Kwi
Zvn‡j QvÎ †bZviv Avgv‡K ¸wj Ki‡e| Avi hw` Avwg QvÎ †bZv‡`i K_vgZ
Pwj Zvn‡j Avcwb Avgv‡K ¸wj Ki‡eb| ejyb †Zv Avwg wK Kwi|Õ †kL
gywRe Zvi †bZ…‡Z¡i Amnvq I Ki“Y Ae¯’vB dzwU‡q Zz‡jwQ‡jb Zvi Dc‡iv³
gš—‡e¨i ga¨ w`‡q| (Aiw¶Z ¯^vaxbvZB civaxbZv, †gRi (Ae) Ggb G
Rwjj t c„-12)
16 gvP© †_‡K Bqvwnqvi mv‡_ †kL gywRe Ges `vwqZ¡kxj AvIqvgx jxM
†bZ…e„‡›`i cÖvq cÖwZw`b Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Pj‡Z _v‡K| 20 gvP© Bqvwnqv
gywRe Av‡jvPbv P‡j 2 NÈv 10 wgwbU| ˆeVK †k‡l A‡c¶gvY mvsevw`K‡`i
†kL gywRe e‡jbÑ ÔAv‡jvPbvi AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q| Av‡jvPbv ivR‰bwZK msKU
DËi‡Yi w`‡K GwM‡q Pj‡Q|Õ
wKš‘ 21 †k gvP© Bqvwnqvi mv‡_ gywRe I ZvRywÏb GK Awba©vwiZ ˆeV‡K
wgwjZ nb| gywR‡ei Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ZvRywÏb Bqvwnqv‡K ¯úó Rvwb‡q †`b,
AvIqvgx jxM †Kvb ai‡bi †K›`ªxq gš¿x mfvi e¨vcv‡i m¤§Z n‡Z cv‡i bv|
AvIqvgx jxM Pvq c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b c„_Kfv‡e ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Kiv
†nvK| G‡Z cvwK¯—vb‡K wØLwÊZ Kivi e¨vcv‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi D‡Ïk¨
cwi®‹vi n‡q hvq| BqvwnqvI Zv‡`i ¯úó Rvwb‡q †`b †h, †`k fvOvi †Kvb
ûgwKB P¨v‡jÄwenxb _vK‡e bv|
evsjv‡`‡ki Av‡›`vjb AvKw¯§K †Kvb NUbv bq| Gi cÖwµqv ïi“ n‡qwQj
cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi Av‡M †_‡K| ALÊ cvwK¯—vb wUwK‡q ivLvi Av‡qvRb
D‡`¨vM‡K hviv fÛyj K‡iwQj ZvivB †P‡qwQj LwÊZ evsjv c~e© cvwK¯—vb †h
†Kvb g~‡j¨ nRg Ki‡Z| Gi Rb¨ `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbv wb‡q fviZ AZ¨š—
242
†KŠk‡j KvR Ki‡Q| m„wó Ki‡Q cÂg evwnbx| fviZ 1950 mv‡j c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡b AvMÖvmb Pvjv‡bvi D‡`¨vM wb‡qI wcwQ‡q Av‡m, KviY †m mgq
cvwK¯—vb‡K fvOevi Dc‡hvMx cwiw¯’wZ wQj bv| cwic° K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨
h‡_ó KvV Lo †cvov‡Z n‡q‡Q fviZ‡K| `xN© mgq a‡i cÂg evwnbx m„wó
Kiv n‡q‡Q, evgcš’x mvsevwaK‡`i w`‡q RbgZ m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q, cvwK¯—vb‡K
fvOevi K_v Dn¨ †i‡L cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb `vexi Avov‡j cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡q‡Q
¯^vaxbZvi| Zv bv n‡j me©vwaK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb †`Lvi Rb¨ hLb †cÖwm‡W›U Ges
†Rbv‡ijiv cÖ¯‘Z, hLb A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ `~i Kivi me e¨e¯’v cvKv †cv³,
GgbwK ˆelg¨ RwbZ AZx‡Zi ¶wZc~i‡Yi A½xKvi ev¯—evq‡bi Av‡qvRb
hLb P~ovš— Ges Bqvwnqvi A½xKvi gZ RbmsL¨vbyhvqx cÖwZwbwaZ¡ wfwËK
wbe©vPb Abyôv‡bi d‡j mgMÖ cvwK¯—v‡bi fvM¨ weavZv hLb evOjvfvlxiv ZLb
gywRe †e‡K em‡jb †Kb?
mxgvnxb RbwcÖqZv wb‡q †Kvb †`k‡cÖwgK †bZv †Kvb ai‡bi nUKvix wm×vš—
RvwZi Kuv‡a Pvwc‡q w`‡q‡Qb Ggb `„óvš— c„w_exi BwZnv‡m †bB| wKš‘
Avgv‡`i BwZnv‡m i‡q‡Q| Bqvwnqv bq †kL gywReB GKvˇii DËvj gv‡P©
kvwš—c~Y© mg‡SvZvi cÖqvm fÊyj nIqvi Rb¨ `vqx| †mUv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e
†evSv bv †M‡jI cieZ©x Z_¨ DcvË Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q †h, kvwš—c~Y©
mgvav‡bi c‡¶ gywR‡ei †Kvb iKg AvMÖn A_ev AvKzwZ wQj bv|
evsjv‡`‡ki mwZ¨Kvi ¯^vaxbZv bq, g~j D‡Ïk¨ cvwK¯—vb‡K †f‡O UzK‡iv K‡i
AvMÖvmx `vb‡ei gy‡Li MÖv‡m cwiYZ Kiv| gywRe ïaygvÎ mgq †¶cb
K‡i‡Qb| †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Ges †`k‡cÖwgK `j, †bZv I Kg©x‡`i wecv‡K
†djvi Rb¨ mg‡SvZvi bvUg‡Â PvZzixc~Y© Awfbq K‡i‡Qb| Gi cÖgvY cvIqv
hvq Zvi mnKg©x Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki e³e¨ †_‡K| Avãyi iv¾vK ¯^vaxbZvi 15
eQi ci †`qv GKwU mv¶vrKvi (mvßvwnK †gNbv, 1987) e‡jb... ÔGi ci
ïi“ nj WvqvjM| Wvqvj‡M e½eÜz Av‡cv‡mi wm×vš— wb‡jb| Bqvwnqv Ggb
GKwU Advi †`b, hv GKwU Kb‡dWv‡ik‡bi g‡a¨ G‡m †Mj| AdviUv wQj
e½eÜz cÖvBg wgwb÷vi, RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv †WcywU cÖvBg wgwb÷vi Ges
d‡ib wgwb÷v‡ii PvR© cv‡eb| G QvovI e½eÜz †h 6 `dv w`‡qwQ‡jb Zvi
g‡a¨ GKgvÎ Wvej Kv‡iÝx ev` w`‡q evwK Avi cuvPUv `vweI Bqvwnqv Lvb
†g‡b wb‡jb|... 23 gvP© G cÖ¯—ve‡K P~ovš— iƒc †`evi K_v|... ZeyI †mw`b
243
ejjvg, e½eÜz Avi hvB †nvK fy‡Ævi mv‡_ miKvi MVb Kiv hv‡e bv| GB
†hB e‡jwQ, Agwb wZwb fxlY †Rv‡i wPrKvi K‡i DV‡jb| ej‡jb Pzc Ki|
Avgvi †P‡q †ekx †evS? fy‡Ævi mv‡_ miKvi MVb Kie wKbv †mUv Avgv‡K
fve‡Z `vI|... c‡i ej‡jb, Avwg I‡`i mv‡_ †Lj‡Z PvB| Avgv‡K †Lj‡Z
`vI| †Zvgiv GKw`‡bB me †L‡Z PvI|... wKQz¶Y ci e½eÜz Avgv‡K Dc‡i
†h‡Z ej‡jb| Kv‡Q wM‡q em‡j ej‡jb Avwg hv eje c„w_exi Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
ej‡ebv, bU B‡fb Uz BDi Kg‡iWm|Õ Avwg Nvo bvojvg| Zvici ej‡jb,
†Zviv wVK e‡jwQm| Kvj mvivivZ a‡i Avwg wPš—v Kijvg, †bv wi· †bv
†MBb| †Zviv cviwebv cÖv_wgK Ae¯’v Pvjv‡Z| Lei`vi †Zviv KvD‡K
ejwebv, Bqvwnqv Lvb‡K wK eje wVK K‡i †d‡jwQ| Avwg ejjvg,
cÖv_wgKfv‡e Avgiv Pvjv‡Z cvie| Zvici hw` Avcwb fvi‡Zi mvnvh¨ Kivi
e¨e¯’v K‡i †h‡Z cv‡ib Av‡iv fvj nq|... e½eÜz wb‡P †b‡g bRi“j Bmjvg
mv‡ne‡K WvK‡jb| ZvRywÏb gykZvK mv‡ne‡KI| Zvici Zv‡`i jvB‡eªix
i“‡g wb‡q †M‡jb| Iiv gyL AÜKvi K‡i Ni †_‡K †ei n‡q G‡jb|
e½eÜz‡K wb‡q Avwg †ei njvg Mvox‡Z| Zvici Zv‡K †cÖwm‡W›U nvD‡m
†cuŠ‡Q w`jvg| Avwg P‡j Gjvg| 23 Zvwi‡L Avwg e½eÜz‡K wb‡q †Mjvg|
†mLv‡b Av‡Mi w`‡b †`qv K_v e½eÜz cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡jb| ej‡jb, c~e©
cvwK¯—vb G¨v‡m¤^jxi Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Ki|Ó
ej‡Z †M‡j gv‡P©i Z…Zxq mßv‡ni †k‡l cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK miKv‡ii mv‡_
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi hveZxq msjv‡ci Aemvb nq| PZz_© mßv‡ni ïi“‡Z `xN©
msjv‡ci Dcmsnvi iwPZ nw”Qj †bc‡_¨| †hgb cÖ¯‘wZ PjwQj K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U
Abyiƒc PjwQj AvIqvgx wkwe‡i| mvwe©K fv‡e RvwZ wQj m‡¤§vwnZ| AvIqvgx
jxM Qvov †`k‡cÖwgK ivR‰bwZK †bZv I Kgxiv wQj bxie| Zviv GK
Awbevh©¨ aŸsm cÖZ¨¶ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ wbw”Qj|
23 gvP© AvIqvgx jxM P~ovš— we‡`ªv‡ni cZvKv Dwo‡qwQj| †iwWI, wUwf Ges
Ab¨vb¨ wcÖ›U wgwWqvq cÖPvwiZ nj we‡`ªv‡ni R‡qvj­vm| avbgwÛ‡Z K‡b©j
Imgvbxi †bZ…‡Z¡ mm¯¿ gvP© cv÷ Kwi‡q Bqvwnqv‡K AvIqvgx jxM hy‡×i
†NvlYv Rvwb‡q w`j| D”Q„sLj RbZvi ee©i nvgjv ïi“ nj AevOvjx
RbemwZi Ici| GgbwK wew”Qbœ nvgjvi wkKvi nj †mbvevwnbx m`m¨iv|
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi d‡j †mbvevwnbx K¨v›U‡g›U PZ¡‡i e›`x n‡q coj|
244
GgbwK Zv‡`i Lv`¨ cvwb I we`y¨r mieivn eÜ Kivi D‡`¨vM †bqv nj|
¯^vfvweKfv‡e wech©q Aek¨¤¢vex n‡q DVj| †kL gywReB cvi‡Zb G wech©q
Gwo‡q ALÊ cvwK¯—vb‡K wUwK‡q ivL‡Z, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P
¯^vqZ¡kvm‡bi `vex Av¶wiK fv‡e Av`vq Ki‡Z| wKš‘ cvwK¯—vb‡K †f‡O
UzK‡iv Kiv hvi P~ovš— j¶ wZwb †mUv Ki‡eb †Kb? jÛ‡b emevmiZ wK‡kvi
M‡Äi mš—vb Avš—R©vwZK L¨vwZ m¤úbœ eyw×Rxex wb‡iv` wm †PŠayix fvi‡Zi
wn›`y¯—vb ó¨vÛvW© cwÎKvq (10 †g, 1971) wVKB wj‡L‡QbÑ
Ô...Avwg AveviI ej‡Z PvB †h GB wech©q Aek¨B Govb †hZ| Avwg
†KvjKvZv †_‡K GKUv wPwV †c‡qwQ| Zv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, †kL gywReyi
ingvb Zvi `vexi wKQz Qvo w`‡jI cvwK¯—vb miKvi K‡Vvi fv‡e e`jv
wb‡ZB †Kej Zviv GKUv ARynvZ Lyu‡R †eovw”Qj gvÎ| Avi GUvB n‡”Q
cÖ‡Z¨KwU ev½vjxi wb‡Ri Aciva ev ΓwU XvKv †`evi wPivPwiZ evnvbv| ZvB
hw` n‡e Zvn‡j Bqvwnqv Lvb 15 Zvwi‡L XvKv Avm‡Z hv‡eb †Kb? †mB
mgqKvi Ae¯’v‡Zv Ggwb `uvwo‡q wQj †h, GKUv cÖ‡`k †K›`ªxq kvmb †_‡K
wew”Qbœ n‡Z P‡j‡Q e‡jB g‡b nw”Qj| hy³ ivóª M„nhy× ïi“ nevi mg‡qi †h
Ae¯’v †mUvI GZUv Livc wQj bv| gvP© gv‡mi Qq ZvwiL †_‡K †kL‡Zv
miKv‡ii ev½vjx Kg©Pvix‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq c~e© evsjv miKv‡ii mg¯— KZ…©Z¡
`Lj K‡i wb‡q wQ‡jbÑ ev¯—‡e wew”QbœZv‡Zv N‡UB wM‡qwQj, ZvB 6 gvP© Gi
ci †h †Kvb mgq †Zv †K›`ªxq miKvi mvgwiK Awfhvb Pvjv‡Z cviZ AwZ
mn‡R|
myZivs mvgwiK Awfhvb ïi“ Ki‡Z †kL Avi Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi g‡a¨Kvi
Av‡jvPbv †f‡½ hvIqvi Rb¨ e‡m _vKvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb wQj bv| Avgvi GB
gš—‡e¨i wK Reve †`Iqv n‡e Avgvi Rvbv Av‡QÑ ejv n‡e †h, AvIqvgx
jxM‡K fyj c‡_ PvwjZ Kivi Rb¨ Bqvwnqv Lvb mg‡SvZv Kivi fvb K‡i
P‡jwQj| wKš‘ ZvB hw` nq, Zvn‡j †kL gywRe Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi †`Iqv †h
†Kvb GKwU cÖ¯—ve †g‡b wb‡jb bv †Kb?
1| kZ©mv‡c‡¶ Pvi `dv †g‡b wb‡q msm‡` hvIqv|
2| webv k‡Z© msm‡` hvIqv|
245
3| †K‡›`ª †emvgwiK kvmb c~Y© cÖwZôv Kivi c‡¶ mvgwqKfv‡e mvgwiK
miKvi‡K †g‡b †bIqv|
Dc‡ii GB kZ©¸‡jv †h †Kvb GKUv †g‡b wb‡j gy‡LvgywL msN‡l©i c‡_ †h
cwiYZ n‡”Q Zvi †P‡q dj Lvivc nZ wK?
wb‡iv` wm †PŠayix Av‡iv †j‡LbÑ evOvjx gymjgvbiv ivR‰bwZK m‡PZbZv
AR©b Ki‡Z wM‡q wn›`y Pwi‡Îi ˆewkó AR©b K‡i e‡m‡Q| wKš‘ evOvjx wn›`yi
ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡bi AwfÁZv bv _vKvq evOvjx gymwjgiv †Kv_vq _vg‡Z
n‡e Zv Rvb‡Zb bv| hw` cÖwZev‡`i K_vB aiv hvq Zvn‡j ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e
†h cwðg e‡½i wn›`y‡`i fviZ miKv‡ii wei“‡× Awf‡hvM c~e© e‡½i
gymwjg‡`i cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii wei“‡× Awf‡hv‡Mi †P‡q †Kvb As‡k Kg bq|
Zey cwðg e‡½i wn›`yiv Zv‡`i wbe©vwPZ `y`y‡Uv miKvi †K›`ª KZ…©K evwZj
n‡Z †`‡LI PzcPvc| Zviv Gi Rb¨ †Kvb we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡iwb| wKš‘ nv‡j
MwR‡q IVv gymwjg eyw×Rxwe‡`i AÁZv I AbwfÁZvB Zv‡`i P~ovš— wech©‡qi
KviY n‡q `uvovq|
Bqvwnqv ¶gZv n¯—vš—i ZLbB Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb hLb †`‡ki `y‡Uv cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj
†Mvôx mvgwiK RvÛvi nvZ n‡Z wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii
e¨vcv‡i Kvh©Kix c×wZ‡Z m¤§Z nZ| hw` Zviv cvwK¯—vb †K LÊ weLÊ
Ki‡Z m¤§Z nZÑ †hgb Ks‡MÖm I gymwjg jxM 1947 mv‡j fviZ wefvM
Ki‡Z †P‡qwQjÑ Zvn‡jI mg‡SvZv Pzw³i `iKvi wQj| wKš‘ †mB Pzw³i
av‡i Kv‡QI G‡jv bv gywRe| wR Wwe­D †PŠayix wj‡L‡Qb, GWwgivj Avnmvb
Ges Avwg `yR‡bB gywR‡ei Kv‡Q GB Aby‡iva K‡iwQjvg †h evOvjx‡`i
wb‡R‡`i welqv`xi gvwjK nIqvi Ges cÖK…Z ¶gZv `L‡ji GUvB n‡”Q †kl
my‡hvM| GKevi Avwg ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`B †h, e„wUk fvi‡Z Ks‡MÖm †bZ…e„›`
RvZxq gyw³i j‡¶ Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× jowQj| wKš‘ 1946 mv‡j hLb Zviv
eyS‡Z cvij †h, ¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii e¨vcv‡i Bs‡iR miKvi Avš—wiK, †b‡ni“
ZLb jW© gvD›U e¨v‡U‡bi mv‡_ PgrKvi m¤úK© M‡o †Zv‡jbÑ hv fvi‡Zi
Rb¨ mydj e‡q G‡bwQj| Avwg †kL gywRe‡K Bqvwnqv Lvb I Zvi bxwZgvjvi
e¨vcv‡i GKB g‡bvfve MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mwbe©Ü Aby‡iva Kwi|
246
†kL gywRe mš‘ó nIqvi fve cÖKvk Ki‡jb| wZwb Bqvwnqv Lvb I Avnmvb‡K
ej‡jb †h, Zvi 6 `dv KziAvb wKsev evB‡ej bq Ges cwiKíbvwU Av‡jvPbv
mv‡c¶| 1969 mv‡j ki‡Zi GK mKv‡j Zvi K‡¶ j¶¨Yxqfv‡e UvOvb
†mvnivIqv`©xi Qwei w`‡K Bkviv K‡i Avgv‡K e‡jbÑ ÔGB gnvb †bZvi wkl¨
n‡q wKfv‡e Avwg cvwK¯—vb aŸs‡mi wPš—v Kwi?Õ GUv wQj Zvi PvZzix| P~ovš—
gyû~‡Z© wZwb cvwK¯—vb‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨B mg‡SvZv cÖqvm‡K fÛyj K‡ib|
wR Wwe­D †PŠayix Av‡iv wj‡L‡QbÑ ÔBqvwnqvi Kv‡Q Avgvi ˆZix GKwU
kvmbZvwš¿K dg~©jv wQj hv‡Z gywR‡ei Kg©m~Pxi mg¯— `vexiB ¯^xK…wZ wQj|
gywRe KZ…©K Avjvc Av‡jvPbv I msjv‡ci Øvi i“× K‡i †`qvi d‡j me
cwiKíbv mg¯— ïf wPš—v-†PZbv me Avkv-AvKv•Lv †f‡m †Mj|Õ
247
cwiwkó-2
Rxe‡b hv †`Ljvg
Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg Avhg
(5g LÊ, 308 c„ôv msM„nxZ
†K. Gg. Avgxbyj n‡Ki Bivb mdi
†K. Gg. Avgxbyj nK wK‡kvi eq‡mB Bmjvgx wec­‡ei †cÖiYv wb‡q mwµq
wQ‡jb| Bivb wec­e mdi nIqvi mgq wZwb ivRew›` wn‡m‡e XvKvq Kvivi“×
_vKv Ae¯’vqB cig Aby‡cÖiYv †eva K‡ib| GK Bivbx Qv·bZvi `vIqv‡Z
1982 mv‡ji AvM‡÷ wZwb Bivb mdi K‡ib| Zuvi †jLv ÔBivb md‡ii
AwfÁZvÕ †_‡K KZK DׄwZ †ck KiwQ t
ÒAv‡gwiKv I Zvi †`vmiiv `yÕfv‡e Zv‡`i ¯^v‡_© KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ Kij|
cÖ_gZ, cvðvZ¨ cÖfvweZ e¨w³Z¡mg~‡ni fveg~wZ© eo K‡i Zz‡j aivi †Póv
Kiv n‡jv, †hb ¶gZvi PvweKvwV Zv‡`i AbyPi‡`i nv‡Z G‡m c‡o|
Avš—R©vwZK cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jv‡K e¨envi Kiv n‡jv GKB D‡Ï‡k¨|
wØZxqZ, Bmjvgx †bZ…eM©, hviv Abgbxq I Avcmnxb, hv‡`i we‡eK‡K †Kbv
m¤¢e n‡e bv, Zv‡`i Rxebbv‡ki cwiKíbv †bIqv n‡jv| wec­‡ei gvÎ
`yÕgv‡mi g‡a¨B Bmjvgx Biv‡bi mk¯¿ evwnbxi cÖ_g wPd Ae ÷vd †Rbv‡ij
Kvivbx‡K Lybx‡`i j¶¨e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ Kiv nq| Bmjvgx wPš—vwe` AvqvZzj­vn
†gvZvnvix‡K Lyb Kiv nq| knx` n‡jb †gvdv‡Ën, KvRx ZvevZvB, W±i
†e‡nk&Zx, †iRvB I ev‡nvbvi-Gi g‡Zv cÖ_g †kªYxi e¨w³Z¡| iv‡Zi
AÜKv‡i Lyb n‡jv eû wec­ex i¶x, †Znivb cwiYZ n‡jv mš¿vmev‡`i
AvLovq|
ebx m`i ¶gZvmxb n‡q Av‡gwiKvi bxjbKkv g‡Zv KvR ïi“ Kij|
mycwiKwíZfv‡e Bgv‡gi fveg~wZ bó Kivi D‡`¨vM wbj| wec­‡ei Bmjvgx
PwiÎ nbb K‡i G‡Z RvZxqZvev`x PwiÎ Av‡iv‡ci †Póv Kiv n‡jv|
RbMY‡K j¶¨Pz¨Z KivB wQj Gi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨|
wmAvBGÕi my²vwZm~² Pµvš— Dcjwä Ki‡Z Biv‡bi wec­ex RbZvi evwK
iBj bv| wec­ex QvÎiv †Mv‡q›`ve„wËi AvÇvLvbv †Znivb¯’ Av‡gwiKvb
`~Zvevm `Lj Kij| Av‡gwiKvi Rb¨ wQj GUv cÖPÊ AvNvZ| hyM hyM a‡i
248
†Mv‡q›`v ZrciZvi Øviv we¯—…Z cÖPviYv Pvwj‡q Av‡gwiKv wek¦vevmxi mvg‡b
Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi `vbe wn‡m‡e wPwýZ n‡q‡Q| †mB fveg~wZ© †f‡½ coj|
†hb wn›`ykv‡¯¿i wek¦msnvix Kvjx g~wZ©i wemR©b n‡jv `~Zvevm `L‡ji
gva¨‡g| Av‡gwiKv Biv‡bi m¤ú` AvUK Kij| G‡ZI eid Mjj bv| wRw¤§
D×vi I Biv‡bi †KŠkjMZ Ae¯’vb¸‡jv‡Z aŸsmvZ¥K Awfhvb Pvjv‡bvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ lohš¿ †Lv`vi †g‡nievYx‡Z Zvev‡mi gi“ evjyKvq mgvwa¯’
n‡jv|
Gici Av‡gwiKv gwiqv n‡q DVj| Biv‡bi wei“‡× Av‡gwiKvi Ae¯’vb Avi
`„‡k¨i evB‡i iBj bv| Gw`‡K Dchycwi Aš—N©v‡Zi gva¨‡g Ges ewb m`‡ii
Kg©KvÊ w`‡q av‡c av‡c †MvUv †`k‡K AivRKZvi w`‡K Ges Af~¨Ìv‡bi
w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q Pjj, Ab¨w`‡K BivK‡K w`‡q cÖPÊ AvNvZ †n‡b Bivb‡K
kv‡q¯—v Ki‡Z PvBj| N‡i-evB‡i meLv‡b mew`K w`‡q Bivb‡K wech©¯— K‡i
Zzjj Av‡gwiKv|
Avwki †m‡Þ¤^i fq¼i Avµg‡Yi ga¨w`‡q GK `xN©‡gqv`x hy‡×i m~Pbv Kij
BivK| †evgv Avi †Mvjvi AvNv‡Z eo eo kni¸‡jv weaŸ¯— n‡jv| Kvm‡i
wkwib, Avev`vb, Lyiig kni, Bjg mvgvg‡P, †`Rdzj Ges bvdZ kn‡ii 20
jvL gvbyl n‡jv ev¯‘nviv| weivU weivU `vjvb ¸wo‡q gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q
†`Iqv n‡jv| †evgv I †Mvjvi AvNv‡Z aŸs‡mi AewkóUzKzI eyj‡WvRvi w`‡q
a~wjmvr Kiv n‡jv| †Pw½k Avi nvjvKzi †cÖZvZ¥v †hb mvÏv‡gi Ici fi
Kij| ZvZvix Avµg‡Yi gy‡L †hgb evM`v` Rbgvbenxb weaŸ¯— bMix‡Z
cwiYZ nq, mxgv‡š—i mg„× kni¸‡jv‡Z BivK †ZgbB b„ksmZvi ¯^v¶i
ivLj| GBme aŸsm¯—~c Avwg e¨vcKfv‡e Ny‡i Ny‡i cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQ|
Biv‡bi KvivMvi¸‡jv GLb wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| wec_Mvgx‡`i‡K
GLv‡b wewfbœfv‡e cvV Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g ¯^vfvweK RxebhvÎvq wdwi‡q
Avbvi Ae¨vnZ cÖqvm Avgiv KvivMvi¸‡jv‡Z Ny‡i Ny‡i †`‡LwQ| †`‡LwQ
gyRv‡n`x‡b Lvj‡Ki m`m¨‡`i I Zz‡`n cvwU©i Zi“Y Kg©x‡`i Ici ejv
cÖ‡qvM K‡i bq Ges m`vPv‡ii gva¨‡g G‡`i gb-gM‡R Bmjvgx wPš—v-‡PZbv
cÖweó Kiv‡bv n‡”Q| Av‡eM Avi cÖ‡ivPbvi c_ cwinvi K‡i µgk Zviv
Bmjvgx Rxeb‡ev‡ai w`‡K wd‡i Avm‡Q| †ek wKQz Kvivevmxi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i
K_v n‡qwQj| Zv‡`i mevi e³e¨ wQj cÖvq GKB| Zv n‡jvÑ ÔAvgiv bZzb
249
c‡_i mÜvb †c‡qwQ, cyivb g‡`i †evZj fvO‡Z Avgv‡`i GKUzI ms‡KvP
†bB| we‡`kx Avi weRvZxq †Mvjvgx Avi bq, weåvwš—i w`b Avgv‡`i †kl
n‡q †M‡Q| Bgv‡gi wb‡`©‡k Avgiv RvZxq ¯^v‡_© KvR K‡i hve|Õ
me‡P‡q eo K_v, Kvivmx‡`i cwievie‡M©i A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡qvRb I mvgvwRK
gh©v`vi w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv nq| Acivax cyÎ A_ev ¯^vgxi Kviv`Ê n‡j miKviB
†mB cwiev‡ii A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡qvRb c~iY K‡i _v‡K A_ev †Kv‡bv weKí
e¨e¯’v †bq| GKUv Acivax‡K kv‡q¯—v Kivi Rb¨ Avi cuvPUv Acivaxi Rb¥
w`‡Z Pvq bv Bivb|
GKvwki 28 Ryb Av‡gwiKvi P‡iiv †evgv †g‡i W. †e‡nk&Zxmn 72 Rb cvj©v‡g›U
m`m¨‡K GKB w`b GKB RvqMvq knx` Kij| RygAvi bvgv‡hi Bgvg
AvqvZzj­vn gv`vbx, AvqvZzj­vn hv`yKx, AvqvZzj­vn `¯—Mxi, AvqvZzj­vn
B¯úvnvbxmn AMwYZ †`k‡cÖwgK Øxbx Av‡jg I MY‡bZv‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv|
knx`x i‡³ mÄxweZ n‡q M‡R© DVj mgMÖ RvwZ| Av‡gwiKvi `vjvj ewb
m`i‡K c`Z¨vM Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡jv| hy‡×i MwZ cv‡ë †Mj| cÖwZNv‡Zi
m¤§yLxb n‡jv Biv‡Ki AvMÖvmx evwnbx| Bmjv‡gi ˆmwbKiv Zv‡`i Zvwo‡q
wb‡q †Mj Biv‡Ki gvwU‡Z| KzPµxiv ZLb kvwš—i mc‡¶ hy×weiwZi Rb¨
gwiqv n‡q DVj| cvðv‡Z¨i cÖwZwµqvkxj cÖPvi gva¨mg~n, hviv GZw`b
AvMÖvm‡bi mc‡¶ wek¦ RbgZ M‡o †Zvjvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQj, Zv‡`i K‡É
†kvbv †Mj bZzb Mvb| Avwki 13 Rvbyqvwi w` UvBg‡mi m¤úv`Kxq‡Z †jLv
n‡jvÑ Never invade a revolution Z_v wec­e‡K AvNvZ K‡iv bv| GKB
m¤úv`Kxq‡Z ejv n‡jv- Unespected resistance offered by the
Iranian in the face of Iraqui armoured advances. A_©vr BivKx
†Mvj›`v‡Ri Avµg‡Yi gy‡L Biv‡bi cÖwZ‡iva AcÖZ¨vwkZ|
Biv‡b Avgiv mßvn `y‡qK Ae¯’vb K‡iwQ| G mgq¸‡jv‡Z g‡b n‡q‡Q Avwg
AvZ¥xq-cwi‡ewóZ n‡q Ae¯’vb K‡iwQ Avgvi Avcb M„‡n| Biv‡bi
gvbyl¸‡jv‡K g‡b n‡q‡Q Avgvi AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq| gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨I g‡b nqwb 2
nvRvi gvB‡ji e¨eav‡b Aew¯’Z G †`kwU‡Z Avwg GKRb AwZw_| GLv‡b
¯úw›`Z n‡Z †`‡LwQ Avgvi AvZ¥vi cÖwZaŸwb, †`‡LwQ Avgvi `xN© w`‡bi
jvwjZ ¯^‡cœi weg~Z© cÖKvk| KZ †mŠfvevb G †`‡ki gvbyl| G‡`i Rxeb,
G‡`i g„Zz¨, G‡`i msMÖvg, G‡`i mvabv GK gnvb j‡¶¨ AvewZ©Z n‡”Q|
GLv‡b GB gvwU‡Z gi‡YI myL, †eu‡P _vKvi wbweo cÖkvwš—, msMÖv‡g Ac~e©
250
wkniY| Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡Q, Avg„Zz¨ GLv‡b hw` _vK‡Z cviZvg! wKš‘
AvR‡KB Biv‡b Avgvi Ae¯’v‡bi †kl w`b| AvMvgxKvj 22 AvM÷ (1982)
¯^‡`‡ki D‡Ï‡k¨ wegv‡b Pvc‡Z n‡e|
Avevi fv‡jv K‡i †`Lvi B”Qv RvMj| †kl ev‡ii g‡Zv †`Lvi B”Qv n‡jv G
†`‡ki ¯^vaxb gvbyl¸‡jvi `„ß c`PviYv| c‡_ bvgjvg| Pvwiw`‡K †PvL
eywj‡q nuvUwQ| †kvnv`v †¯‹vqv‡ii w`‡K GwM‡q P‡jwQ| †`qv‡j †`qv‡j
UvOv‡bv Bgv‡gi cÖwZ”Qwe| KZ wewPÎ ˆkwíK AvM‡i cywic~Y© n‡q Av‡Q
†`qvj¸‡jv| Bs‡iRx-dviwm‡Z †jLv ARmª †¯­vMvb| ÔAvj­vû AvKeviÕ Ôjv
Bjvnv Bj­vj­vnÕ QvovI ARmª KziAv‡bi DׄwZ †hw`‡K ZvKvB †mw`‡K †Pv‡L
c‡o| Bs‡iwR‡Z †jLv Neither East nor West, Islam is the best. G
ïay †`qv‡ji wjLb bq| `yB civkw³‡K Bivbxiv `yB KzbB‡qi ¸u‡Zvq `yB
cÖv‡š— mwi‡q †i‡L‡Q| Hkx wb‡`©k‡KB Zviv g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i GKgvÎ c_|
BwZnv‡mi MwZavivq gv‡·©i Øvw›ØK c_ cwiµg K‡i Bmjvg AvR‡Ki Biv‡b
†hb †mbw_wm‡mi Awbevh© cwiYwZ n‡q G‡m‡Q| Øvw›ØK c×wZ we‡k­lY Ki‡j
†Zv GUv Ggwb‡ZB my¯úó n‡q I‡V| cyuwRev` w_wmm, mgvRZš¿ Gw›Uw_wmm,
Bmjvg †mbw_wmm| †h †Kvb wePvi-we‡k­l‡Y Bmjvg GKwU Z…Zxq †mªvZ, Avj
KziAv‡bi fvlvq ga¨c_|
GKUv †`qv‡ji wjLb †Pv‡L coj| Biv‡bi wec­ex RbZvi GB wjLb
mgvRZ‡š¿i Av‡e‡M ZvwoZ `ywbqvi wbM„nxZ gvby‡li †PvL †Lvjvi Rb¨
h‡_ó| Ryjyg-wbcxob-†kvlY-eÂbv Aemv‡b mgvRZ‡š¿i GK‡PwUqv
BRviv`vwii wei“‡× GUv‡K GKUv P¨v‡jÄ ej‡Z nq| †`qv‡j †jLv wQjÑ
Mr. Marks, Is religion opium of the society! Arise and see, the
religion has created a revolution, not economic forces. A_©vr wg.
gvK©m, ag© wK mwZ¨ Avwdg! D‡Vv, D‡V †`L, A_©‰bwZK kw³ bq; ag©B m„wó
K‡i‡Q GKwU wec­e| Avwg cojvg| evievi cojvg| g‡b n‡jv Avgvi
†`‡ki Zi“Y‡`i Rb¨ A‡bK wKQz †c‡q †MwQ| GK wbweo cÖkvwš— wb‡q wd‡i
Gjvg †nv‡U‡j| AvMvgxKvj XvKvq wd‡i hve|Ó
251
cwiwkó-3
Avgvi †`k, Avgvi ¯^vaxbZv
Aa¨vcK Avey Rvd‡ii †jLv †_‡KÑ
†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvhy× hLb ïi“ n‡jv Avwg KjKvZv P‡j hvB| Avgvi m‡½
wQ‡jb Kzwóqv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKRb wewkó Kg©x (¯^vaxbZv-DËiKv‡j †bZv)
giûg Rbve Avey`j gwR` Ges Avgvi GKRb AvZ¥xq Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg|
†k‡lv³ e¨w³ Lyjbv wefv‡Mi AwZwi³ Kwgkbvi wn‡m‡e Aemi MÖnY
K‡i‡Qb| wZwb GKRb cÖZ¨¶ gyw³‡hv×v; iYv½‡Yi AwfÁZv-mg„× Zuvi
GKwU eBI cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q; eBwUi bvg ÔeskxZjvi hy× : Av‡M I c‡iÕ|
Avgiv wZbRbB cÖvq GKB eqmx ZLb UMe‡M hyeK| Ab¨ `yÕR‡bi K_v
ejvB evûj¨, Avgvi wb‡Ri g‡a¨I, ch©vß hy×fxwZ m‡Ë¡I, cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK
evwnbx‡K ïay evsjv‡`k †_‡K bq, c„w_ex †_‡KB DrLvZ I weZvwoZ Kievi
GK A`g¨-D`MÖ Kvgbv ZLb me©`v mwµq| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv K_v gv_vqB Avm‡Zv
bv; ïay GKUvB wPš—v, GKUvB ¯^cœ, evsjv‡`k K‡e ¯^vaxb n‡e, cvwK¯—vb †_‡K
gy³ n‡q evsjv‡`k K‡e eyKfiv wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cvi‡e|
Avgiv cÖ_‡g †Mjvg KjKvZv †eZv‡i| †`e`yjvj e‡›`vcva¨v‡qi m‡½ Avgvi
A‡bKw`b †_‡K cÎ-‡hvMv‡hvM wQj| wZwb Avgv‡`i wZbRb‡KB cÖf~Z
mgv`i Ki‡jb Ges Zvr¶wYKfv‡e D‡cb Zidv`vi‡K e‡j Avgv‡`i GKwU
mv¶vrKvi †iKW© K‡i wb‡jb| mv¶vrKviwU cieZ©x mßv‡n Dchy©cwi `yÕevi
cÖPvwiZ nq| †eZvi †_‡K we`vq wb‡q Avgiv †Mjvg Kwe eyׇ`e emyi
bvKZjvi evmv‡Z| Zuv‡K c~‡e© †`wLwb, wKš‘ Zuvi m‡½I †h‡nZz Nwbô cÎ-
‡hvMv‡hvM wQj| A‡bKUv †Pbv gvby‡li g‡ZvB eyׇ`‡ei ÔKweZv fe‡bÕ wM‡q
nvwRi njvg| †Kvbiƒc ms‡KvP ev AvoóZv wQj bv| Avi †h‡nZz Avgiv
jovBiZ evsjv‡`‡ki evwm›`v, †fZ‡i †fZ‡i Avgv‡`i eis GKUz mcÖwZf
AnsKviB wQj|
eyׇ`e Ges cÖwZev emy, `yR‡bi Kv‡Q Avgiv AvkvZxZfv‡e mgv`„Z I
Avc¨vwqZ njvg| cÖwZfv Ges eyׇ`e Df‡qB Zuv‡`i ˆkke-‰K‡kvi I
†hŠe‡bi GKwU eo Ask AwZevwnZ K‡i‡Qb XvKvq| AZGe XvKv I
252
evsjv‡`‡ki m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i AvMÖn I †KŠZ~nj Lye ¯^vfvweK Kvi‡YB mxgvnxb|
Avi G-iKg `yÕRb Db¥yL I Drmvnx †kªvZv †c‡q Avgvi `yÕRb mnhvÎx
Aweijfv‡e ¯^vaxbZv-hy‡×i eY©bv w`‡q P‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ nVvrB GKUz Q›`cZb
NU‡jv| K_vi duv‡K eyׇ`e ej‡jb, ÔKx-Ggb n‡jv †h, †Zvgiv nVvr
cvwK¯—vb †_‡K Avjv`v n‡Z PvB‡Qv! †Zvgv‡`i KZ w`‡K KZ DbœwZ nw”Q‡jv,
fv‡jvB †Zv wQ‡j| AvgivI †Zv w`j­xi A‡bK Ab¨vq-AwePv‡ii wkKvi, ZvB
e‡j wK Avjv` n‡q hv‡ev? GLb nq‡Zv Avi †divi c_ †bB, wKš‘ Avgvi
wek¦vm, †Zvgiv mevB fyj K‡i‡Qv| Avwg †Zvgv‡`i jovB‡K kª×v Kwi wKš‘
mg_©b Kwi bv|Õ Avgiv wZbR‡bB nZevK, gvbylwU e‡j Kx! K_v Avi
G‡Mv‡jv bv| Avgiv LyeB gybt¶zbœ n‡q wd‡i Gjvg Avgv‡`i wcÖq Kwei
ÔKweZv febÕ †_‡K| †ejvj fvB A_©vr fviZ wewPÎvi cÖv³b m¤úv`K Kwe
†ejvj †PŠayix Ges Kwe Avj gvngy` `yÕR‡bB eyׇ`e I eyׇ`e-cwiev‡ii
AZ¨š— wcÖqcvÎ wQ‡jb| Avgvi aviYv, Zuviv Df‡qB eyׇ`e emyi GB
cÖwZwµqvi K_v Rv‡bb| Avi †R¨vwZg©q `Ë (eyׇ`e emyi RvgvZv I wewkó
mvsevw`K) Zuvi m¤úvw`Z gvwmK ÔKjKvZvÕ cwÎKvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
hy× wb‡q †h GKwU evK¨I †j‡Lbwb, GKvi‡Y mybxj M‡½vcv_¨vq, k•L †Nvl I
Ab¨ A‡b‡Ki m‡½ KjKvZvÕ cwÎKv‡ZB Zuv‡K A‡bK we`»-ev`vbyev‡` wjß
n‡Z nq| evsjv‡`‡ki †mw`‡bi †mB Rxeb-giY jovB‡qi cÖ‡kœ †R¨vwZi GB
wb¯ú„n-wbivmw³i K_vI †ejvj fvB I Avj gvngy` wbðqB we¯§„Z nbwb|
¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi Ae¨ewnZ c‡ii GKwU NUbv| Avgv‡K I Avgvi c~‡e©v³
AvZ¥xq Aveyj Kv‡mg‡K †`e`yjvj Zuvi evwjM‡Äi evmvq GKw`b Lye Av`i
K‡i mKv‡ji bvkZv LvIqv‡jb| Avgiv cwiZ…ß D`‡i hLb Pv †L‡Z ïi“
K‡iwQ, †`e`yjvj A‡bKUv D¤§vi m‡½ ej‡jb, ÔwKQzg‡b K‡iv bv, †Zvgiv
Avm‡jB ¯^vaxbZvi †hvM¨ bI|Õ Avgiv `yR‡bB ¯—w¤¢Z| ¯^vaxbZv †c‡Z bv-
†c‡ZB G‡Zveo Acev`! wZwb ej‡jb, Ô†`L, G‡Zv eo GKUv hy‡×i ZvÊe
e‡q †M‡jv, G‡Zv cÖvYnvwb, G‡Zv ¶q¶wZ,; †Zvgv‡`i GLb K‡Zv KvR,
K‡Zv `vwqZ¡| A_P K‡qKw`b Av‡M †Zvgv‡`i wKQz †bZv G‡mwQ‡jv,
KjKvZv †_‡K bvgKiv wKQz MvqK I bZ©Kx fvov K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Zviv
mßvne¨vcx eo iK‡gi dvskb Ki‡e XvKvq| GKUv hy×weaŸ¯— †`‡k GBiKg
AK_¨ AgvR©bxq `vwqZ¡nxbZv KíbvI Kiv hvq bv| `ytL nq, AbyZß nB,
†Zvgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g AvgviI wKQz Ae`vb wQ‡jv|
253
†`e`yjvj GKRb ms‡e`bkxj gvbyl| eySjvg, wZwb h_v_©B Kó †c‡q‡Qb|
Zvi Kó, D¤§v I Awfgvb wKQzUv w¯—wgZ Kievi Rb¨ ejjvg, Ô`v`v, iYv½‡Y
hy‡× hy‡× Rxe‡bi SzuwK wb‡q †L‡q-bv-†L‡q w`b †K‡U‡Q| weRqxi †e‡k N‡i
†divi ci GKUz Avb›`-Drm‡ei Av‡qvRb Ki‡j †`vl Kx?Õ wKš‘ G-K_vq
†`e`yjv‡ji D‡ËRbv n«vm-bv-†c‡q Av‡iv †e‡o †M‡jv| wZwb m‡iv‡l ej‡jb,
Ô†`‡Lv Avey Rvdi, hviv G‡mwQ‡jv Zv‡`i A‡bK‡K Avwg Rvwb, Zv‡`i hy×
wQ‡jv M‡oi gv‡V nvIqv-‡meb Avi KjKvZvi †nv‡U‡j †nv‡U‡j Avb›`-d~wZ©
Kiv| ZvivB GLb †Zvgv‡`i †`kweL¨vZ gyw³‡hv×v I †bZv| Avk¼v nq,
†Zvgv‡`i Kcv‡j A‡bK `y‡f©vM Av‡Q|Õ †mB hy×-ïi“i cÖv°v‡j ÔKweZv
fe‡bÕ †hgb Kó †c‡qwQjvg, †mw`b Avevi GKBiKg Kó †cjvg
†`e`yjv‡ji K_vq| g‡bi Kó g‡b †i‡L †`e`yjv‡ji †`vZjvi d¬¨vU †_‡K
Avgiv bxi‡e wbtk‡ã c‡_ †b‡g Gjvg| Kv‡QB DWevb© ÷ªxU, †mLv‡b k¨vgj
wgÎ _v‡Kb| B‡”Q wQ‡jv, K_vI wQ‡jv Zuvi ILv‡b hvIqvi, wKš‘ cÖv¸³
KlvNv‡Zi ci †mB B‡”Q †Kv_vq †h nvwi‡q †M‡jv, k¨vg‡ji Kv‡Q Avi
hvIqv n‡jv bv|
A‡b‡K wbðqB ¯§iY Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Abœ`vk¼i ivq Zuvi GKwU †jLvq D‡j­L
K‡i‡Q †h, Zxeª AvKl©Y I AbyivM wb‡q wZwb wM‡q‡Qb †kL‡qi m‡½ mv¶vr
Ki‡Z| †kL gywRe GK mgq Zuv‡K ej‡jb, Ô`v`v, Avcbviv GL‡bv e‡m
Av‡Qb †Kb? w`j­xi bvMcvk †_‡K †ewi‡q Avmyb|Õ ev½vjx †f‡e Av‡e‡M
AKc‡U K_vUv fv‡jvB e‡jwQ‡jb †kL gywRe| wKš‘ Abœ`vk¼i e‡j‡Qb Ab¨
K_v : wZwb ZLb bxi‡e wbtk‡ã fvegMœ n‡q fve‡Qb cvnvo‡Niv wngvPj,
K…òv-Kv‡eix KvÂbR•Nv Kb¨vKzgvwiKv, B‡jviv ARš—v †ebvim nwiØvi,
mewKQz wb‡q wekvj fviZe‡l©i †h-civµvš— ˆefe, †h wekvj †fŠ‡MvwjK
Hk¦h© I we¯—vi, Zv‡K †m”Qvq we`vq Rvwb‡q RqbM‡ii †gvqv, ea©gv‡bi
wgwn`vbv, beØxc Avi †Mi“qv-gvwUi †evjcy‡ii Rb¨ wew”QbœZvi K_v wPš—v
KivI wK m¤¢e bv msMZ! Abœ`veveyi GB †jLvwU †hw`b cojvg, Avgvi g‡b
n‡jv, cÖexY I eû ¸Yvwš^Z GB †j‡LK-gvbylwUi g‡a¨ `„wó I `„wófw½i we¯—vi
_vK‡jI wZwb ev½vjx bb, me©fviZxq ALÊ-wn›`y‡Z¡i g‡a¨B Zuvi cÖK…Z
cwiPq| AZGe wZwb w`j­xi Kv‡Q ek¨Zv‡KB me©vs‡k wZnKi I Dcv‡`q
Ávb K‡ib|
254
Aci GKwU NUbv, 1986 wK 1987 mv‡j n‡e| Ô†g‡N XvKv ZvivÕ
QvqvQvwe‡Z bvq‡Ki f~wgKvq AwfbqL¨vZ Awbj P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi m‡½ GKevi
w`j­x‡Z Av‡qvwRZ `y‡M©vrm‡e mv¶vr n‡qwQ‡jv| w`j­xi Kvjxevwo‡Z ˆØcÖnwiK
Avnv‡ii ci Avgiv Df‡q GKm‡½ †ekwKQz mgq M‡í M‡í KvwU‡qwQjvg|
gvbylwU Lye mim I mü`q iv¾vK Zuvi AZ¨š— cwiwPZ I wcÖq; Ges iv¾vK-
†h Awfbq K‡i Lye abvX¨ n‡q‡Qb, G‡Z Awbj Zuvi Lywki K_v Rvbv‡jb|
Avgvi fv‡jv jvM‡jv| GK ch©v‡q Awbj nVvr cÖkœ Ki‡jb, ÔGLb †Zv Avi
cvwK¯—vb †bB; evsjv‡`‡k Avgv‡`i wm‡bgv †Zvgiv †h‡Z `vI-bv †Kb?
†`e`yjv‡ji K_v¸‡jv g‡b co‡jv| Avwg Awbj‡K ejjvg, Ô†`Lyb, evsjv‡`k
wm‡bgv †`Lvi Rb¨ ¯^vaxb nqwb, ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q RbM‡Yi Rxebgvb Dbœq‡bi
Rb¨|Õ Awbj GKUz AcÖ¯‘Z K‡É ej‡jb, Òms¯‹…wZi gv‡bvbœqb Ges Av`vb-
cÖ`vbI †Zv GKUv eo KvR|Õ ZLb †h‡nZz Avwg wb‡R gykwiKx-ms¯‹…wZi
g‡a¨ Avcv`g¯—K wbgw¾Z GKRb ZvInx`-wew”Qbœ Ônvd nv‡U©WÕ gymjgvb,
Avwg ïay ejjvg, ÔAvcbvi GB K_vUv Aek¨B ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|Õ A_P ejv DwPZ
wQ‡jv, Ges AvR‡K n‡j Aek¨B ejZvg, ÔAwbj, Avgv‡`i Df‡qi ms¯‹…wZ I
wek¦vm Ges Rxeb`k©b m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wecixZgyLx| GKw`‡K ZvInx` Ab¨w`‡K
Askxev`| GB `yB ms¯‹…wZi wgj‡b Avcbv‡`i Kx nq bv-nq Rvwb bv, wKš‘
Avgv‡`i cuPvwk kZvsk ZvIwn`x RbZvi Rb¨ eoB wec¾bK|Õ
hvB †nvK, A‡bKw`‡bi K_v, wKš‘ ¯^vaxbZvi K_v DV‡jB Avevi †Kb †hb
fy‡j hvIqv NUbv¸‡jv g‡b c‡o hvq| †Kb g‡b c‡o ZvI e¨vL¨v Av‡Q; wKš‘
†mB e¨vL¨v A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q LyeB AcÖxwZKi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, AZGe Zv
cwinvi KivB DËg| ïay K‡qKwU Acwinvh© cÖkœ mvg‡b ivLv Ri“ix g‡b
Kwi| cÖkœ¸‡jv G-iKg : Avgiv wK Avgv‡`i eûK‡ó AwR©Z ¯^vaxbZv‡K
h‡_ó A_©en K‡i Zzj‡Z m¶g n‡qwQ? †`e`yjvj hv-e‡jwQ‡jb, Avgv‡`i
g‡a¨ †mB `vwqZ¡‡eva wK RvMÖZ n‡q‡Q? A_ev Awbj‡K hv e‡jwQjvg,
Ôwm‡bgv †`Lv bq, †`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q RbM‡Yi Rxebgvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨Õ †mB
K_vi †Kv‡bv ev¯—e cÖwZdjb wK cÖwZfvZ nq? †Kv‡bv cÖ‡kœiB †Kv‡bv
MÖnY‡hvM¨ m`yËi †bB| A‡bK g~wlK wbðqB ¶gZv I A_©we‡Ë GK-GKwU
wekvjvKvq Hive‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Avcvgi gvby‡li Rxe‡b ïay
AÜKvi, Mvp wbwñ`ª AÜKvi| wKš‘ †Kb Ggb n‡jv, †Kb GB mg~n e¨_©Zv,
ZviI hyw³hy³ e¨vL¨v Av‡Q, wKš‘ †mB e¨vL¨vI cÖxwZKi bq|
255
¯^vaxbZvi †ZwÎk eQi AwZµvš— n‡Z Pj‡jv| mgqUv Kg bq, Gi †P‡q
A‡bK Kg mg‡q A‡bK †`k AvkvZxZ DbœwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| A_P Avgiv †h
wZwg‡i †mB wZwg‡iB Ae¯’vb KiwQ| Avi G wb‡q Kv‡iv g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv D‡ØMB
†bB, eis hv `„k¨gvb ev¯—e Zv LyeB nZvk¨ve¨ÄK| mevB wbðqB GKgZ
n‡eb †h, GB `xN© mg‡q ¯^vaxbZvi c¶-wec¶ wb‡q h‡Zv K_v n‡q‡Q,
Kv‡Ri KvR Zvi GK-mnmªvskI n‡q‡Q wKbv m‡›`n| wgj-gneŸZnxb
KjnwcÖq cwiev‡i †hgb myL-kvwš— I DbœwZ aiv †`q bv, AvkvI Kiv hvq bv;
Avgv‡`i †`k I RvwZi jjv‡UI GB GKB `yf©v‡M¨i jvÃbv| SMovB _vg‡Q
bv, myL I m”QjZv Avm‡e †Kv_v †_‡K? A_P GB AvZ¥webvkx SMovi Aemvb
nIqv cÖ‡qvRb, Ab¨_vq ¯^vaxbZvi A_© I Aw¯—Z¡ `y‡UvB µ‡g µ‡g wejxb
n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| mvaviY gvbyl hv-B fveyK, Aš—Z †bZv-†bÎxi DwPZ welqwU
m‡e©v”P ¸i“Z¡ mnKv‡i Abyaveb Kiv; Ges GUvI Abyaveb Kiv DwPZ †h,
gmb` I gmb‡` Dc‡ekb-wjáv hw` ¯^vaxbZvi Mwigv I †`k‡cÖg‡K civf~Z
K‡i, Zvn‡j †`k I RvwZi Rxe‡b ¯^vaxbZvi g‡Zv GKwU gnvN© e¯‘ cÖnm‡b
cwiYZ n‡Z eva¨| ¯^vaxbZv Avi ¯^vaxbZv _v‡K bv, wKQz †cÖgnxb Av`k©nxb
gvby‡li †fvM¨c‡Y¨ cwiYZ nq|
e¯‘ZB g‡b ivLv Avek¨K †h, ¯^vaxbZv Avj­vncv‡Ki GKUv AZ¨š— eo
†bqvgZ| A_P Avj­vncv‡Ki K_v fy‡j wM‡q GB †bqvgZ‡K Avgiv K`i †Zv
KiwQB bv, eis c‡` c‡` ïay Agh©v`v KiwQ| GB iK‡gi bv-‡kvKwi
Avj­vncvK †ewkw`b ei`vkZ K‡ib bv| Avi GRb¨B Ae¯’v AvR Ggb
KzrwmZ ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡q‡Q †h, Lyb ivnvRvwb mš¿vm AcniY Puv`vevwR al©Y
Ak­xjZv Dr‡KvP Kv‡jvevRvix, Gme wb‡q evOjv‡`k GLb `yb©xwZi kx‡l©
Ae¯’vbKvix GKwU R¡jš— Rvnvbœvg| Avm‡j GiKgB nq| gvby‡li g‡a¨
†_‡K, we‡kl K‡i †bZv-†bÎx‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K AvwLiv‡Zi fq, †`k‡cÖg I
gvby‡li cÖwZ `vwqZ¡‡eva wejyß n‡q hLb gmb`cÖxwZ I abwjáv GKgvÎ
gvKmy` n‡q `uvovq, ZLb GB †jvfx I `vwqZ¡nxb gvbyl‡`i Øviv kvwmZ-
cwiPvwjZ †`k I mgvR KL‡bv kvwš—i Rbc` n‡Z cv‡i bv| GiKg †`‡k I
mgv‡R Avj­vn mve©¶wYK fq I wbivcËvnxbZvi †jevm cwi‡q †`b|
256
cÖm½Z GKwU ¶z`ª D`vniY †ck Ki‡Z PvB| KZ `‡ji KZ †bZv-‡bÎxi
g‡a¨ KZ gZ‰elg¨ I A‰bK¨ we`¨gvb; Ae¯’v Ggb †h, GK`j wKQz ej‡Z
bv-ej‡ZB, fv‡jv-g›` hv-B †nvK, Ab¨ `j Zvi cÖwZev` Ki‡eB| GgbwK
†KB hw` e‡j, mevi Rb¨ Rxevbygy³ wbg©j R‡ji e¨e¯’v Kiv Avek¨K,
†Kv‡bv-bv †Kv‡bvfv‡e ZviI cÖwZev` n‡e| A_P cvj©v‡g‡›U hLb msm`
m`m¨ I gš¿x-wgwb÷vi‡`i Rb¨ bvbvgyLx Avw_©K I ˆelwqK myweav-cÖ`v‡bi
wej DËvwcZ nq, GKwU ¶xYK‡Éi cÖwZev`x AvIqvRI †Kv_vI †kvbv hvq bv
†h, `vwi`ª¨mxgvi eûwb‡gœ Ae¯’vbKvix kZKiv 65 fvM gvby‡li GB nZ`wi`ª
†`‡k †`k‡meK‡`i Rb¨ GUv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq, GUv gvbeZvi mg~n Acgvb|
mZ¨B Kx †ivgvÂKi GB HK¨‡eva! g‡`i jvB‡mÝ Ges nv›Uvi-µvDb wb‡q
A‡bK Av‡jg-Djvgv cÖvq ÔAbv_ wkï‡`iÕ g‡Zv c‡_ c‡_ hw`I cÖwZ‡iv‡ai
K_v e‡jb, wKš‘ h_v¯’v‡b we‡kl †Kv‡bviƒc cÖwZev` D”PvwiZ nq bv| †eMg
wRqvi cÖZ¨¶ n¯—‡¶‡c Gme wbwl× nq e‡U, wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cÖxwZfvRb
†bZv-‡bÎx‡`i g‡a¨ G wb‡q D‡j­L‡hvM¨ †Kv‡bv †c‡ikvwb j¶ Kiv hvq bv|
GUv GKUv `yf©vM¨| Avi GZ`m‡½ GUvI `yf©vM¨ †h, g`¨cvb Inv›Uvi-
µvDb‡K wb‡q hviv mI`vMwi Ki‡Z Pvq, Zviv †KD `wi`ª bq, Zviv
Afvebxq m¤§‡`i AwaKvix A_P ZvivB Av‡iv Ges Av‡iv A‡_©i †bkvq
w`wM¦w`K Ávbk~b¨ I Db¥ËcÖvq| Avi GB Db¥ËZv GB ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg
evsjv‡`‡k GKwU me©MÖvmx iƒc jvf Ki‡Q| A_P Avj­vni ivm~j (mvt)
e‡j‡Qb : hviv A‡_©i `vmZ¡ K‡i Zviv Awfkß|
†KD †KD Kó cv‡eb, †KD †KD µz× I n‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ bv-e‡j Dcvq
†bB, GB Awfkß e¨w³ivB GLb Avgv‡`i wcÖq ¯^‡`kf~wgi cÖK…Z PvjK I
wbqš¿K| AZGe Avj­vn Zuvi mKj eiK‡Zi Øvi hw` GLv‡b i“× K‡i †`b,
†mUv A¯^vfvweK bq| KviY, AbvnviwK¬ó gvby‡li m‡½ Zvgvkv Kievi Rb¨
¯^vaxbZv AwR©Z nqwb; A_P GB ZvgvkvB AvR †`k I mgv‡Ri `„k¨gvb
mevKwPÎ| Avi GB `yt‡LB Avgv‡`i GK eÜz Kwe iwdK AvRv` cÖvq wZwik
eQi Av‡M Zuvi GKwU KweZvq e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔfvZ-†` nvivgRv`v, bB‡j
gvbwPÎ Lv‡evÕ| eo Zxeª, eo gg©š‘` GB Awfe¨w³! nhiZ Dgi dvi“K (ivt)
e‡j‡Qb, ÔkvmK‡Mvôx hw` A‡hvM¨ I `yb©xwZcivqb nq, ZLb mvaviY gvbyl I
cvj­v w`‡q weM‡o hvq, ZvivI PwiÎnxbZvi c‡_ `ª“Z GwM‡q †h‡Z _v‡K|
257
Avi me©v‡c¶v Amf¨ †bZv †mB, hvi åvš— bxwZi Kvi‡Y AbvPvi we¯—vi jvf
K‡i| ¯^vaxbZvi †h-†ZwÎk eQ‡ii BwZnvm, mevB GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡eb,
†mB BwZnvm, wKQz e¨wZµg ev‡`, Av‡`Š myLKi bq; cÖvq cy‡ivUvB A‡hvM¨
Amf¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i BwZnvm!
†Kvb m‡›`n †bB, mKj †bZv‡bÎxmn Avcvgi RbMY, Avgiv mevB Avgv‡`i
†`k‡K fv‡jvevwm, †`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv‡K fv‡jvevwm| wKš‘ fv‡jvevmvB me bq,
fv‡jvevmv hw` AvZ¥¯^v‡_©i †cvlKZv I evwYR¨cY¨ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq, †mUv
cwi®‹vi †gvbv‡dwK ev ¯^v_©ZvwoZ KcUZv| Avgv‡`i Aš—Z GUzKz †evSv
DwPZ, †`‡ki DbœwZ gv‡b wKQz nvBivBwRs wewìs bq, wi·v-PjvPj wbwl×
wKQz wfAvBwc MgbvMg‡bi moK bq, AvBGgGd I wek¦e¨vsK †_‡K avi Kiv
A_© w`‡q wKQz gvby‡li N„Z-†me‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv bq, RbM‡Yi A_© AvZ¥mvr
K‡i †`‡k-we‡`‡k wbj©¾ AÆvwjKv wbg©vY bq- G-meB GK GKUv wbg©g
Zvgvkv| Avgv‡`i †`k‡cÖg‡K hw` cÖK…Z A_©en K‡i Zzj‡Z nq, Zvn‡j
†`k-we‡`‡ki KzjKvwY©-FZzcY©v‡`i wb‡q b„Z¨Mx‡Zi Avmi mvRv‡bv bq,
KwZcq KznKZvwoZ ag©wbi‡c¶ eyw×Rxexi gbi¶v Kiv bq, Avgv‡`i DwPZ
n‡e †`‡ki cuPvwk kZvsk ZvIwn`x gvby‡li AvKv•¶v I ür¯ú›`b‡K Abyfe
Kiv; Aa©vnv‡i Abvnv‡i ¶zwaZ RV‡i hviv w`evivwÎ KvR K‡i hvq, Zv‡`i
cv‡k wM‡q `uvo‡bv, Zv‡`i wecbœ welbœ Rxebgv‡bi DbœqbK‡í bZzb BwZnvm
m„wó D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv| wKš‘ Gme †Kv‡bvwKQzB wK m¤¢e, hw` Avgv‡`i g‡a¨
Av‡Liv‡Zi fq I ˆbwZKZvi weKvk NUv‡bv bv hvq! evsjv‡`k bvgK GB
nvwÇmvi Kvg‡abywU Avi cvi‡”Q bv| `ya bq, †`‡ki `k kZvsk †jvfx
gvby‡li wbôzi †`vn‡b GB nZfvMv `y‡aj Mvfxi euvU †_‡K GLb ïay
i³¶wiZ n‡”Q| GB gyn~‡Z© Ab¨wKQz bq, wb`©q ¯^v_vÜ gvby‡li AwZwi³
†jvf †_‡K Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`kiƒcx Aejv Kvg‡abywU‡K euvPv‡bv Ges Zvi
GB i³¶iY eÜ Kivi bvgB †`k‡cÖg| (Amwnòz †gŠjev`xi AwcÖq-K_v,
c„ôv, 14-20)
258
 cwiwkó-4
wK‡kviMÄ †Rjv BwZnvm cÖYqY KwgwUi `„wó‡Z Avwg Avje`i ejwQ
(mfvcwZ †gvt gvKmy`yj nK †Rjv cÖkvmK (wW, wm)
m¤úv`K †gvt mvB`yi webœMvI wK‡kviMÄ|
wK‡kviM‡Äi BwZnvm bvgK GB eB‡qi 440 c„ôvq GBfv‡e mgv‡jvPbv Kiv
nq :
wK‡kviM‡Äi gyw³‡hv×viv †KD †Kvb eB wj‡Lbwb †hLv‡b _vK‡Zv hy‡×i
eY©bv, Z¨vM I exi‡Z¡i Kvwnbx, †`k‡cÖ‡gi K_v, m‡e©vcwi ¯^vaxbZvi m~h©
wQwb‡q Avbvi giYcY jovB‡qi K_v| wKš‘ ivRvKvi-Avje`iiv e‡m †bB|
GB ch©v‡q `yÕwU eB‡qi D`vnviY †`qv n‡jv| GKwU ig¨iPbv, Ab¨wU wbgœiƒc
t (1) ÔAvwg Avje`i wQjvgÕÑ GB f~wgKv w`‡q AóªMÖv‡gi †K Gg Avwbgyj
nK eBwU ïi“ K‡i‡Qb| D³ eB †_‡K wKQz Ask Zz‡j aiv n‡jv : Òˆfi‡e
†mbvevwnbxi K¨v‡¤ú Avwg msw¶ß †Uªwbs wbjvg|... Avwg ev Yevoxqvq P‡j
Gjvg| GLv‡b msMV‡bi Ab¨Zg msMVK dvi“K fvB‡qi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
K‡i Avgvi DbœZ †Uªwbs Gi e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡jb|... Avgvi aviYv wQj Gi
g‡a¨ nq‡Zv AóMÖv‡g cvwK¯—vbx †mbvevwnbx Ae¯’vb wb‡q †d‡j‡Q| wKš‘ G‡m
ïbjvg GLvbKvi Ae¯’v Av‡Mi g‡ZvB| mk¯¿ B,wc,Avi, AvIqvgx jxM Avi
evgcš’x‡`i PviYf~wg GB AóªMvg| MÖv‡g Avgvi Avmvi msev` B‡Zvg‡a¨
we‡`ªvnx‡`i K¨v‡¤ú †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q G Lei Rvbjvg †`‡jvqvi gv÷vi A_©vr w`jy
fvB‡qi wPiKz‡U|...Avwg ZwoNwo Avgvi wbKU AvZ¥xq‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq
†Mvc‡b †bŠKv‡hv‡M Ab¨Î m‡i hvB| AóMÖv‡gi mvweqvbMi †_‡K KzwjqviPi
n‡q wK‡kviM‡Ä G‡m msMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kijvg| Zvici
Avgv‡`i mggbv we‡kl K‡i QvÎ msMV‡bi m`m¨‡`i wb‡q Avwg Avje`i
evwnbx MVb Kijvg|Ó (c„t 29-30)
ÒGKvËz‡ii 17B wW‡m¤^i| wK‡kviM‡Ä gyw³evwnbx I wn›`y¯—vbx †mbvi
mw¤§wjZ Avµg‡Yi gy‡L cÖPÛ cÖwZ‡iva n‡q `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Q ivRvKvi,
Avje`i, gyRvwn` I cywj‡ki g„Zz¨Kvgx m`m¨iv| 16B wW‡m¤^i wn›`y¯’v‡bi
nv‡Z cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx A¯¿ mgc©‡Yi ci †h weRq m~wPZ n‡q‡Q wK‡kviM‡Äi
cÖwZ‡iva †hb Zvi Kjs‡Ki wZjK| AmsL¨ †mj cÖwZwbqZ G‡m co‡Q
259
kn‡ii wewfbœ Ae¯’v‡b|...gvMwi‡ei bvgv‡Ri †ek wKQz¶Y ci †bRvgx
Bmjvgx cvwU©i cÖavb me©Rb kª‡×q gvIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei
†Uwj‡dvb †cjvg| wZwb Zuvi Avj nv‡gqvZzj Gg`vw`qv †_‡K Avgv‡K Zje
K‡i‡Qb|... Zvi AkÖ“mRj mKi“Y PvIwb Avgv‡K weeªZ KiwQj
fqsKifv‡e| bxieZv fsM K‡i ej‡jb, Avwgb, Kz`i‡Zi dqmvjv Avgv‡`i
¯^c‡¶ †bB|... AvIqvgx jxM †bZviv AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi cÖ¯—ve wb‡q G‡m‡Qb|
Avwg g‡b Kwi i³¶i‡Yi PvB‡Z A¯¿ mseiYB DËg|... B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avgiv
miKvix nvB¯‹z‡j G‡m †cuŠQjvg|... Iw`‡K Avi GK `j n‡ji †fZi cÖ‡ek
K‡i gIjvbv AvZvnvi Avjx mv‡n‡ei gv_v dvwU‡q w`j| wZwbI wbwg‡l
i³mœvZ n‡q DV‡jb| Avi GKRb wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q GW‡fv‡KU e`i“¾vgv‡bi
nvZ †fs‡M w`j| gymwjg jxM †bZv †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb mv‡eK Gg GbG
Ave`yj AvIqvj mv‡n‡ei Dci fqsKifv‡e AZ¨vPvi Pvjv‡bv nj|...
wKQzw`b ci Avgv‡`i‡K wK‡kviMÄ †R‡j †cÖiY Kivi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq|...
ÒGKw`b Avgv‡K GKRb Kb‡÷ej G‡m Zvr¶wYK cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z e‡j Ges
Avgv‡K Rvbvq G KvivMvi †_‡K ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kivi Rb¨ Dci †_‡K ûKzg
G‡m‡Q| Avwg ˆZix njvg| AviI 3 Rb Avgvi mnMvgx n‡jb Ggwc
†jvKgvb †nKxg, Avjx Av‡bvqvi Lvb Ges Gb Gm Gd †bZv Aveyj Kv‡kg
fvB|... †Rj †M‡U (gqgbwmsn) G‡m cijvg, `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z nj evB‡i|
†Kbbv ZLb Awdmvi †bB| GLb Avgv‡`i g‡b n‡”Q, Avgiv bv NiKv bv
NvUKv| A‡b¶Y c‡i Awdmviv Avmvi ci Avgv‡`i XywK‡q †`qv n‡jv| Xy‡KB
†`Ljvg gIjvbv gym‡jnDwÏb| wZwbI Avgv‡`i gZ GKRb Kvive›`x wZwb
wcwWwcÕi fvBm †cÖwm‡W›U wQ‡jb|... GKw`b ïbjvg XvKv †_‡K KvivMvi
mg~‡ni wWAvBwR Rbve KvRx Ave`yj AvIqvj mv‡ne Avm‡eb|... Avgv‡K
cwiPq K‡i †`Iqvi Rb¨ Rgv`vi gyL Lyj‡jb| ej‡jb Òm¨vi GB †h
Avwgb| GB †R‡ji me‡P‡q eo †Uii| 2Uv †K‡m 40 eQi †Rj n‡q‡Q|Ó
(c„ôv : 1/3/7/19/29/30/31/34/41/41)
ÒAvwg †gwWK¨vj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j _vKv Ae¯’vq Rvb‡Z cvijvg Avgvi
gyw³i w`b Avmbœ| †Kbbv †cÖwm‡W›U mvËvi C` Dcj‡¶ †h 6 Rb e›`x gyw³i
†NvlYv †`b Zvi g‡a¨ wQjvg AvwgI|Ó.. (c„t 141-142)
260
Rbve AvwgbyjK nK jÛb, 31†k RyjvB 1889Bs
c~e© †ZRZix evRvi, XvKv|
Avgvi wcÖq fvB Avwgbyj nK,
Avm&mvjv‡gv AvjvBKzg Iqv ivngvZzj­v‡n Iqv evivKvZzû|
me©cÖ_g Avj­vn cv‡Ki Kv‡Q A‡kl †kvKwiqv RvbvB †h wZwb Avcbv‡K
Rvb‡Z Avgv‡K my‡hvM w`‡q‡Qb| Av‡iv Zvi Kv‡Q †kvKwiqv RvbvB †h
Avj­vn Avcbvi gZ GKRb g‡`© gygxb‡K A‡bK cix¶vi wfZi w`‡q ïay
Avcbv‡K euvwP‡qB iv‡Lb bvB eis Avcbvi Cgvb‡K Av‡iv †Rvi`vi K‡i‡Qb
Ges gnv g~j¨evb ÔAvje`i ejwQÕ eBLvbv †jLv Ges cÖKvk Kivi ZvIdxK
w`‡q‡Qb|
eBLvbv cvevi mv‡_ mv‡_B Avwg Zv AwZ AvMÖn mnKv‡i c‡o †d‡jwQ| Ges
covi ci Avwg A‡bK DcK…Z n‡qwQ| Avgvi A‡bK DcKv‡ii g‡a¨ g‡b nq
†hwU me‡P‡q g~j¨evb †mwU n‡”Q, Avgvi Cgvb Av‡iv gReyZ n‡q‡Q|
eBwUi GKwU msw¶ß cwiwPwZ B‡Zvg‡a¨B jÛ‡bi cvw¶K Bgc¨v±
B›Uvib¨vkbvj-G MZKvj cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Avgvi wb‡RiI B”Qv Av‡Q GwUi
GKwU we¯—vwiZ wiwfD Kivi| K‡e Zv ej‡Z cviwQ bv AvR| Kw`b Av‡M
Rbve Avkivd‡K (†mev) wj‡LwQjvg Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avgvi †gveviKev` †cuŠ‡Q
†`evi Rb| Avwg eyS‡Z cviwQ bv wZwb Zv B‡Zvg‡a¨B K‡i‡Qb wKbv, ev
Avgvi Aby‡iva m¤^wjZ wPwV wZwb †gv‡UB †c‡q‡Qb wKbv| Zvi Kv‡Q GB
wel‡q Avgvi bvgÑ B”Qvi K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib| B‡Zvg‡a¨ mvZw`b Av‡M
Avcbvi KqwU eB‡qi weµqg~j¨ eve` gvÎ wZwikwU cvDÛ GK eÜzi nv‡Z
XvKv cvwV‡qwQ| Zv †c‡q‡Qb wKbv Rvwb bv| bv †c‡j Aa¨vcK mv¾v`
mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q †LuvR wb‡Z cv‡ib|
ï‡bwQ †h `vIqv‡Zi GKR‡bi Kv‡Q Avcbvi eBwUi Av‡iv wKQz Kwc Av‡Q|
Zv hw` cvB Zvn‡j †mme weµ K‡iI wKQz A_© Avcbvi Kv‡Q cvVv‡Z cvwi|
Avcbvi mv‡_ mwVKfv‡e †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ Avcbvi mwVK WvK wVKvbv hw`
Avgv‡K Rvbv‡Zb Zvn‡j Avwg DcK…Z nZvg|
Avcbvi Kv‡Q GB wPwV wjLwQ Avgv‡`i mvaviYfv‡e cwiwPZ GK mnKg©xi
nv‡Z cvVv‡bvi Rb¨| Avwg Avkv KiwQ †h wZwb GwU Avcbvi Kv‡Q
†cuŠQv‡eb| wZwb hw` Avcbvi mv‡_ Avmvi Av‡M †`Lv K‡ib Zvn‡j Zvi
nv‡Z Ri“ix Leivw` Rvbv‡j Avwg evwaZ ne|
Rbve Avkivdmn Ab¨ me †gvRvnx` fvB‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi mvjvg I †Rnv`x
ï‡f”Qv Rvbv‡j Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q K…ZÁ _vK‡ev| wd Avgvwbj­vn| BwZÑ
261
Avcbvi GK bMY¨ ZvInxw` fvB,
W. gyt ZvRv¤§yj †nv‡mb
cwiwkó-5
B¤ú¨v± B›Uvib¨vkb-Gi (jÛb) `„wó‡Z
BKevj I wRbœvn Ges ÔAvwg Avje`i ejwQÕ Gi g~j¨vqb
hw`I wk¶vcÖwZôvbmg~‡n wkKo †M‡o emv evgcwš’ eyw×Rxex‡`i ZrciZvi
d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki mvs¯‹…wZK MwZaviv m¤^‡Ü wek¦ weåvš— Z_vwc mv¤cÖwZK wKQz
NUbv wbwðZfv‡eB cÖgvb K‡i †h gZvgZiƒcx AvenvIqvi cwieZ©b ïi“
n‡q‡Q|
`ywU evsjvq Ges GKwU Bs‡iRx‡Z mv¤cÖwZK G wZbwU cy¯—K h_v_©B G
cwieZ©‡bi wPýdjK wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i|
cÖ_gwU evsjv bvg ÔAvgv‡`i mvwn‡Z¨ I wPš—vavivq Kv‡q`-B-AvhgÕ|
cvwK¯—v‡bi cZ‡bi ci GwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ msKwjZ n‡q‡Q
wbe©vwPZ me KweZv, wewfbœ cÖeÜ Ges c~Y© K‡je‡ii eB †_‡K DׄwZ|
†KŠZ~nj DÏxcK †h, Gi †jLK I †jwLKviv ZuvivB huviv 1972 mv‡j G‡m
cy‡ivcywi wWMevwR †Lj Ges evOvjx gymjgvb‡`i mKj `yf©v‡M¨i Drm wn‡m‡e
wPwýZ K‡i wRbœvni wei“‡× AccÖPvi Avi¤¢ Ki‡jv| 1971 mv‡ji 16B
wW‡m¤^‡ii c~‡e©Kvi Zuv‡`i †hme AwfgZ †m¸‡jv Zviv †egvjyg fy‡j †Mj|
A_P †mm‡ei i‡q‡Q RvR¡j¨gvb cÖgvY| GKUv RvwZi ÎvYKZ©v ivZvivwZ wK
K‡i wek¦vmNvZ‡K iƒcvš—wiZ n‡jv †mUv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z Zuviv A¶g|
msev`cθ‡jvi KZK Ask cy¯‘KwUi f~qmx cÖksmv K‡i‡Q| Gi weµ‡qi
w`KwU j¶¨ Ki‡jB ü`q½g Kiv hvq †h, RbZv KZ AvMÖn f‡iB bv G
msKjbwU‡K ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡q‡Q| c~e©evsjvi gvbyl Kv‡q‡`i Kv‡Q KZBbv FYx
welqwU †mUvB ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q|
wØZxq cy¯—KwUi †jLK †K Gg Avwgbyj nK| 1971 mv‡j wew”QbœZvev`x‡`i
wei“‡× hy× K‡i‡Q Avje`i bvgK †h ms¯’v Ges hviv cvwK¯—vb †mbvevwnbxi
m‡½ mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Q Zuv‡`i `‡jiB GKRb m`m¨ n‡”Qb †jLK| GwU
Zuvi ¯^xKv‡ivw³g~jK cy¯—K| †jLK †K Gg Avwgbyj nK Z_vKw_Z Ô`vjvj
AvB‡bÕ Rxe‡bi `kwU eQi KvwU‡q‡Qb †R‡j| Ges mvg‡b¨i Rb¨ duvmx Kv‡ô
Szjv †_‡K †eu‡P †M‡Qb| Zuvi eY©bvq wZwb ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb †h cÂgevwnbx I
262
fviZxq `Lj`vi‡`i wei“‡× gvZ…f~wgi †ndvR‡Zi Rb¨ 1971 mv‡j hv wKQz
wZwb K‡i‡Qb †mR‡b¨ wZwb AbyZß bb, ¶gvcÖv_©xI bb| †KejgvÎ gywReyi
ingv‡bi Avg‡jB bq eis Zuvi DËim~ix‡`i Avg‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki †Rj
Af¨š—‡i Zuv‡K †h wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡Z n‡q‡Q †mUv webv wØavq wZwb we¯—vwiZ
eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| cuvP eQi c~‡e© G ai‡bi GKUv cy¯—K Aek¨B ZwoNwo K‡i
wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡Zv| Gi †jLK‡K cybivq Kvivi“× n‡Z n‡Zv| wKš‘
†Kvb †Kvb gnj †_‡K Avwgbyj nK ex‡ivwPZ cÖksmv jvf K‡i‡Qb| wZwb †h
kvw¯—‡fvM K‡i‡Q †mUv wQj `„óvš—g~jK welq, GK †KŠkj, hvi gva¨‡g
gymwjg †`k wn‡m‡e gymwjg evsjvi †PZbv‡K Ae`wgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Z…Zxq cy¯—KwU n‡”Q ÒBKevj M‡elYvÓ| Wt ˆmq` mv¾v` ûmvBb, mv‡eK
fvBm P¨v‡Ýji, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq I XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, GwUi m¤úv`bvi
`vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb| `vjvj wn‡m‡e wZwbI `ywU eQi KvwU‡q‡Qb
KvivMv‡i| cy¯—KwU‡Z BKevj m¤^‡Ü AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡ki AwfgZ
cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| wek¦we`¨vjq I K‡j‡Ri wk¶K †_‡K mvsevw`K Ges
¯^vaxb mgv‡jvPK A‡b‡KB G cy¯—‡K Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| mevB cÖgvY
Dc¯’vwcZ K‡i G Awfbœ gZ †cvlY K‡ib †h, evsjv‡`k BKev‡ji Kv‡Q
weivUfv‡e FYx nIqvi Kvi‡YB K…ZÁZvcv‡k Ave×| BKev‡ji ¯^cœ wfbœ
gymwjg-evsjvi Rb¥ m¤¢e n‡Zv bv|
BKevj M‡elYv ms¯’v weMZ 1jv Ry‡b BKev‡ji 51Zg g„Zz¨evwl©Kx Dcj‡¶
GKwU mvaviY ˆeVK AvnŸvb K‡iwQj| XvKvi wewfbœ ¯—‡ii RbZv,
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wk¶KMY, wewfYœ ivRbxwZwe`, e¨vs‡Ki cÖkvmK I mvsevw`K
D³ mfvq AskMÖnY K‡i‡Qb| `yÕkZvwaK †kªvZvi m¤§y‡L e³…Zv mg~‡n evi
evi ¸i“Z¡mnKv‡i ejv n‡q‡Q †h, BKev‡ji evYxi i‡q‡Q GK kvk¦Z Av‡e`b
†hUv AvÂwjK mxgve×Zv AwZµg K‡i| D³ mfvi Ab¨Zg e³v evsjv‡`k
mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i GKRb wmwbqi GW‡fv‡KU Rbve gywRei ingvb fviZxq
gymjgvb‡`i gyw³i †¶‡Î Avj­vgv BKevj I wRbœvni Ae`vb m¤^‡Ü `xN©
Av‡jvPbv iv‡Lb|
cÖKvwkZ Gme cy¯—K, BKevj evwl©Kxi mfv Ges msev`cÎ Gm‡ei cÖvß
cÖPv‡i GUvB ¯úóZ cÖZxqZgvb n‡q †h, 1971 mv‡ji fy‡ji ms‡kva‡bi
Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki GKUv c_-wb‡`©kK djK Ny‡i hv‡”Q| 1971 mv‡ji NUbvB
†Zv eZ©gvb we‡k¦i e„nËg gymwjg iv‡óªi wew”QbœZv NwU‡q‡Q|
263
g~j : mvB‡q` bmi“j Avnmvb
fvlvš—i : †PvK`vi Ave`ym mvËvi
cwiwkó-6
gš—e¨wenxb DׄwZ
ïaygvÎ e¸ovq †÷U e¨vsK †_‡K jyU Kiv n‡qwQj 56 †KvwU UvKvi Dc‡i|
G mg¯— jyUcv‡Ui mv‡_ RwoZ wQ‡jb ivR‰bwZK †bZviv Ges Avgjv‡`i
GKUv Ask| †KvwU †KvwU UvKv wb‡q we‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z e‡m wQwbwgwb †Ljvi
b¨v°viRbK BwZnv‡mi †Kvb Reve AvIqvgx jxM miKvi cÖev‡m wKsev
¯^vaxbZvi ci RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †`qvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRbxqZvB Abyfe K‡iwb|
jyUcvU mwgwZi Kvh©Kjv‡c wKfv‡e gyw³hy‡×i Z_v mg¯— ev½vjx RvwZi
fveg~wZ© ¶zYœ nw”Qj Zvi K‡qKwU weeiY wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv :
jyUcvU mwgwZi m`m¨iv (AvIqvgx jxMviiv) ZLb †KvjKvZvi AwfRvZ
cvov¸‡jv‡Z Ges we‡kl K‡i cvK© óªx‡Ui †nv‡Uj evi Ges †i‡¯—uviv¸‡jv‡Z
Zv‡`i †ewnmvex LiPvi Rb¨ Rq evsjvi †kV e‡j cwiwPZ| †hLv‡b Zviv hvb
gy³n‡¯— †eïgvi LiP K‡ib| _v‡Kb wejvmeûj d¬vU wKsev †nv‡U‡j| mܨvi
ci †nv‡Uj MÖvÛ, wcÖ‡Ým, g¨vMm, wUªsKvm, e­y dKm, gwjb i“r, wn›`y¯’vb B›Uvi
b¨vkbvj cÖf„wZ evi †ióz‡i›U¸‡jv Rq evsjvi †kV‡`i wf‡o R‡g D‡V| `vgx
cvbxq Lvev‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ cvðvZ¨ msMx‡Zi Av‡g‡R iwOb n‡q D‡V Zv‡`i
Av‡qkx Rxeb| eq eveywP©ivI Zv‡`i AvMg‡b fxlY Lykx nq| GgbB GKRb
†bZv Zvi `jej wb‡q cÖ‡Z¨K w`b †nv‡Uj MÖv‡Ûi ev‡i g`¨cvb Ki‡Zb|
wZwb e¸ov e¨vsK jy‡Ui UvKvi GKUv weivU Ask KeRv K‡i‡Qb †Kvbfv‡e|
Zvi Kv‡Q i‡q‡Q cÖvq 4 †KvwU UvKv| GKw`b ga¨iv‡Z wZwb †nv‡Uj ev‡i
wM‡q g` cwi‡ekb Kivi Rb¨ evig¨vb‡`i ûKzg †`b| evig¨vb¨iv KvPz gvPz
Reve †`q, mgq †kl n‡q hvIhvq evi eÜ K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| Reve ï‡b
w¶ß n‡q D‡Vb evOvwj †kV| Ujgj Ae¯’vq wPrKvi K‡i ej‡Z _v‡Kb wZwb
†nv‡UjUvB cy‡iv wK‡b wb‡Z Pvb| †emvgvj wKš‘ kvmvj L‡Ïi, ZvB
evig¨vbiv Pzc K‡i mewKQz nRg K‡i hvw”Qj| †kV Av‡evj Zv‡evj e‡K
c‡i GKRb evig¨vb‡K ûKzg †`b ÔKvj evi †Lvjvi mgq †_‡K eÜ Kivi
Av‡M ch©š— wZwb I Zvi msMx‡`i Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K g` cwi‡ekb Kiv hv‡e
bv| ZvivB ïay _vK‡e ev‡i| Zvi ûKzg ï‡b evig¨vbiv g¨v‡bRvi‡K †W‡K
264
cvVvq| g¨v‡bRvi G‡j †kV Zv‡K cÖkœ K‡ib †ivR Avcbvi ev‡i †mj KZ
UvKv? g¨v‡bRvi GKUv AsK Zv‡K Rvbvq| †kV ZLb Zv‡K Zvi wm×v‡š—i
K_v Rvwb‡q e‡jb cy‡ivw`‡bi †m‡ji UvKvB wZwb cwi‡kva Ki‡eb, cy‡iv
UvKvi g` †L‡q Iiv †kl Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j evwK g` †hb Zvi ev_i“‡gi Uv‡e
f‡i †`qvi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| wZwb Zv‡Z †Mvmj Ki‡eb|Õ g¨v‡bRvi Zvi K_v
ï‡b Õ_ n‡q wM‡q gvZv‡ji cÖjvc g‡b K‡i †Kvb iK‡g †mLv‡b †_‡K †K‡U
c‡ob|
Avi GKw`b Avi GK Rb Rq evsjvi †kV Zvi cy‡Îi cÖ_gev‡ii gZ RyZv
civi w`bwU D`hvcb Kivi Rb¨ e­y dKm †ióz‡i‡›Ui 100 R‡bi GKwU
kvb`vi cvwU© †`b| G Qvov A‡bK †kV w`j­x I †ev‡¤^‡Z wM‡q evox Ni
wKb‡Z _v‡Kb| A‡b‡K Avevi wdj¥ BÛvwóª‡Z wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡q
D‡Vb| Zv‡`i G mg¯— KxwZ© Kjv‡ci Dci knx` Rwni ivqnvb GKwU
cÖvgvY¨ wPÎ ˆZwi Kivi wm×vš— wb‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi G AwfcÖv‡q A‡b‡KB fxlY
Amš‘ó wQ‡jb Zvi Dci, A‡b‡KB Zvi JׇZ¨ †¶‡c wM‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi
inm¨RbK g„Zz¨i †cQ‡b GUvI GKUv KviY n‡Z cv‡i| †Kvb GK bvwqKvi
Rb¥w`‡b ZLbKvi w`‡b Zvi GK ¸Ygy» Zv‡K 9 j¶ UvKv `v‡gi nx‡ii
†bK‡jm Dcnvi w`‡qwQ‡jb|
`iMv †iv‡Wi weï eveyi evox‡Z _vK‡Zb gš¿x cwil‡`i cwievieM©| cÖevmx
miKv‡ii UvKvi cÖvq meUvB Kv‡jv Kv‡jv Uªv‡¼ f‡i ivLv n‡qwQj weïeveyi
evox‡Z Ges 3bs †mvnivIqv`©x Gwfby¨i wZbZjv Qv‡`i `y‡Uv Kvgivq|
†mLv‡b _vK‡Zb A_© mwPe Rbve kvgmy¾vgvb, Zvi cwievi I ivwdqv
AvKZvi Wwj| G UvKvi †Kvb wn‡me wQj bv|
†KvjKvZvi eo evRv‡ii gv‡ivqvwi‡`i mvnv‡h¨ G¸‡jv G·‡PÄ Kiv nZ| G
Kv‡Ri `vjvjx K‡iI A‡b‡KB †KvwUcwZ n‡q D‡Vb ivZvivwZ| wKQzmsL¨K
gyw³‡hv×v †jvf m¤^iY Ki‡Z bv †c‡i Amr n‡q D‡Vb|
†Kvb GK †m±i KgvÛvi GK cvwK¯—vbx wmGmwc Awdmv‡ii Aš—mZ¡v ¯¿x‡K
†eqb‡Ui AvNv‡Z †g‡i Zvi Mv †_‡K †mvbvi Aj¼vi Ly‡j wb‡qwQ‡jb Ggb
NUbvI N‡U‡Q|
hye wkwei, kiYv_©x wkwei¸‡jv wb‡q †K‡j¼vwi n‡q‡Q A‡bK| Zv‡`i Rb¨
mviv wek¦ †_‡K wiwjd mvgMÖx, hvbevnb fviZxq miKv‡ii cÖh‡Zœ G‡mwQj|
265
wKš‘ Zvi KZUzKz ev †`qv n‡qwQj kiYv_©x‡`i cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z| Gme wiwjd
mvgMÖx weZi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ wQj †hŠ_fv‡e fviZ I cÖevmx evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii |
e¸ovi †÷U e¨v¼ QvovI †gvUv As‡Ki UvKv wb‡q Avmv n‡qwQj cve©Z¨
PÆMÖvg ˆfie I cvebvi †UªRvix †_‡K, †m UvKviI †Kvb myôz wnmve cvIqv
hvqwb|Õ (hv †`‡LwQ hv ey‡SwQ hv K‡iwQ: ivóª`~Z †jt K‡Y©j (Ae) kixdzj
nK Wvwjg, c„t 220-222)
weRq nj wQbZvB
wbqvRxi AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi cÖvq 1 mßv‡ni c‡i cÖevmx AvIqvgx jxM miKvi
evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i G‡m webv cÖ‡kœ Mw`‡Z e‡m| gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK
HwZnvwmK AvZ¥mgc©Y Abyôv‡b †Kb Abycw¯’Z wQ‡jb †m mZ¨wU D`NvUb
Kivi Rb¨ AvR ch©š— †Kvb Z`š— KwgwU MVb Kiv nj bv| A_P gyw³hy‡×i
GB Amnvq gnvbvqK K‡b©j Imgvbxi KZB bv cÖksmv| †Kb GB wg‡QwgwQ
cÖksmv? Gi Aš—iv‡j wK inm¨? inm¨ †Zv wbðqB i‡q‡Q| fviZxq
†mbvevwnbxi Awabvq‡Ki Kv‡Q cvwK¯—vbx †mbvevwnbxi Awabvq‡Ki
AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKZ…c‡¶ 16B wW‡m¤^i, hv‡K Avgiv ÔweRq w`emÕ
wn‡m‡e AwewnZ Kwi, †mB w`b †_‡KB evOvjxi gyw³hyׇK ÔweRq w`emÕ Gi
cwie‡Z© fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi ÔweRq w`emÕ wn‡m‡e BwZnv‡m AvbyôvwbKfv‡e
wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q GB loh‡š¿i wcQ‡b Avmj D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q evOvjxi ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖvg‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv Ges cvK-fviZ hy‡× c~e©v‡ji iYv½‡Y fviZxq
†mbvevwnbxi weRq †NvlYv Kiv|
ÔGB weR‡q evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³wccvmy RbMY Ges gyw³‡hv×viv wQj bxie
`k©K, AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…Z¡ wQj webqx Zuv‡e`vi Ges K‡Y©j Imgvbx wQ‡jb
Amnvq e›`x| G †hb wQj fvi‡Zi evsjv‡`k weRq Ges AvIqvgx jxM
miKvi GB bewewRZ fviZf~wgi †hvM¨ jxR MÖnYKvix mËv| myZivs †hgb
mËv †ZgbB Zvi kZ©- Avi hvi †Kv_vq|Õ
(†gRi (Ae) Gg G Rwjj : Aiw¶Z ¯^vaxbZvB civaxbZv, c„t 36
266
¯^vaxbZvi cÖkœ cÖfv‡Z fvi‡Zi †ec‡ivqv jyÉb
Ô†`k‡cÖwgK gyw³‡hv×viv 16 wW‡m¤^‡ii c‡i wgÎevwnbx wnmv‡e cwiwPZ
fviZxq †mbvevwnbx‡K be¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ m¤ú` I gvjvgvj jyÉb
Ki‡Z †`‡L‡Q| †m jyÉb wQj cwiKwíZ jyÉb, ˆmb¨‡`i Dj­v‡mi ewntcÖKvk-
¯^iƒc bq| †m jyɇYi †Pnviv wQj exfrm-†ec‡ivqv, †m jyÉb wQj GKwU
m‡PZb cÖwµqviB avivevwnK Kg©ZrciZv|
cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx KZ…©K cwiZ¨³ K‡qK nvRvi mvgwiK †emvgwiK Mvox, A¯¿,
†Mvjvevi“`mn Av‡iv A‡bK g~j¨evb wRbwmcÎ UªvK †evSvB K‡i wb‡q hvIqv
nw”Qj| ÔcÖvB‡fU KviÕ ch©š— hLb i¶v cvqwb ZLbB †Kej Avwg Lyjbv
kn‡ii cÖvB‡fU Mvwo¸‡jv wiKzBwRkb K‡i Lyjbv mviwKU nvDm gq`v‡b
†ndvR‡Z ivLvi †Póv Kwi|
ÔGi c~‡e© †hLv‡b †h Mvox †c‡q‡Q †mUv‡K cvwV‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q mvgx‡š—i
Icv‡i|Õ
h‡kvi †mbvwbev‡mi cÖ‡Z¨KwU Awdm Ges †KvqvUuvi Zbœ Zbœ K‡i jyU Ki‡Q|
ev_i“‡gi wgii Ges Ab¨vb¨ wdwUsm¸‡jv ch©š— †mB jyUZivR †_‡K †invB
cvqwb| †invB cvqwb wbixn c_hvÎxiv| Kw_Z wgÎevwnbxi G ai‡bi AvPiY
RbMY‡K fxZ-m¤£¯— K‡i Zz‡jwQj| †gRi (Ae) Gg G Rwjj : Aiw¶Z
¯^vaxbZvB civaxbZv, c„t 37-38
AvZ¥NvZx c`‡¶c
ÔAe¯’v `„‡ó c~e© cvwK¯—vbx AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i fviZxq mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv,
ˆeix ivóª cvwK¯—vb‡K LÊ weLÊ Kivi myeY© my‡hvM wn‡m‡eB-A‡c¶gvb
fviZxq †bZ…e„‡›`i Øvi¯’ nq|Õ
ÔAvwg fvi‡Zi AwfmwÜ m¤^‡Ü me©`vB mw›`» wQjvg| fviZ e„nr †`k, Zvnvi
cÖ‡qvRb e„nr| †QvU †QvU †`k eo eo †`‡ki ¯^v‡_© D”Q‡bœ hvB‡Z eva¨
nq|Õ...
Ô16B wW‡m¤^i evOjv‡`‡ki Af~¨`q nIqv m‡Ë¡I fvi‡Zi gvwU nB‡Z
evsjv‡`‡ki miKvi XvKvq c`vc©Y K‡i 20†k wW‡m¤^i| Bnv GK Afvebxq
I AwPš—bxq NUbv| ïay ZvB bq, ¯^‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z cÖZ©¨veZ©b KwiqvB
cÖavbgš¿x ZvRywÏb Avng‡`i miKvi 1jv Rvbyqvix (1972) GK Av‡`k e‡j
267
evsjv‡`‡ki gy`ªvgvb kZKiv 66 fvM n«vm K‡ib| D‡j­L¨ †h, GB mgq ch©š—
evsjv‡`‡ki gy`ªvgvb wQj fviZxq gy`ªvgvb nB‡Z †ewk| ZvRywÏb miKvi GK
†NvlYvq `yB gy`ªvgv‡bi webxgq nv‡ii mgZv Avwb‡Z PvwnqvwQ‡jb e‡U wKš‘
dj `uvovBj A_©bxwZ‡Z gy`ªvùxwZ Ges RbRxe‡b AvKvkPz¤^x `ªe¨g~j¨|
wØZxqZt fviZxq I evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZKØq‡K ci¯úi m¤ú~iK †NvlYv
Kiv nq Ges GZw`b hveZ fvi‡Z cvV wewµi Dci †h wb‡lavÁv wQj,
ZvRywÏb miKvi 1972 Gi 1jv Rvbyqvix nB‡Z †mB wb‡lavÁv cÖZ¨vnvi
K‡ib| ZvRywÏb miKv‡ii D³ †NvlYv A_©bxwZi g~j mZ¨‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv
Qvov Avi wKQzB wQj bv|Õ...
ÔfviZxq ˆ`wbK msev`cÎ ÒAg„ZzevRviÓ Gi 12B †g 1974 msL¨vi wi‡cvU©
Abymv‡i fviZ miKvi `yB nB‡Z AvovB kZ †ijI‡q IqvMb fwZ© A¯¿k¯¿
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Aby‡ivaµ‡g ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kwiqv‡Q| ¯^‡Y©i fwi 171 UvKv
gv‡b ¯’vbvš—wiZ A¯¿k‡¯¿i g~j¨ hw` 450 †KvwU nq, Zvnv nB‡j ¯^Y©fwi
1000 UvKv gv‡b D³ A¯¿k‡¯¿i g~j¨ cÖvq 2700 †KvwU UvKv nq| Z`ycwi
gnvPxb KZ…©K wbwg©Z Rq‡`ecyi AwW©b¨vÝ d¨v±ix nB‡Z A¯¿ wbg©vY hš¿cvwZ
fvi‡Z ¯’vbvš—‡ii Awf‡hvM DwÌZ nq|Õ (Awj Avnv` : RvZxq ivRbxwZ
1945 †_‡K Õ75, c„t 528-531)Ô
†PvivPvjvbxiv msNe×
eû ΓwUi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K ΓwU `k gvBj GjvKv‡K mxgvš— AvL¨v
†`Iqv| evsjv`‡k I fvi‡Zi †gvU †PŠÏÕk gvBj e¨vcx mxgvš— †iLvi `k
gvBj GjvKv‡K eW©vi †Uª‡Wi Rb¨ gy³ Kwiqv †`Iqvi cwiYvg wK, †h †Kvb
KvÛÁvbx †jv‡Ki †Pv‡L Zv aiv cov DwPZ wQj| Gi d‡j fviZ-
evsjv‡`‡ki †MvUv eW©vi GjvKvB †Pviv Pvjv‡bi gy³ GjvKv nBqv c‡o|
my‡Li welq eQi bv Nywi‡ZB GB Pzw³ evwZj Kiv nBqv‡Q| wKš‘ GB Pzw³ †h
wecyj AvqZ‡bi †PvivPvjvb wecyj kw³kvjx cÖwZôv‡bi msNe× nBevi my‡hvM
Kwiqv w`qv‡Q Zvi Kâv nB‡Z evsjv‡`k AvRI gy³ nB‡Z cv‡i bvB|
(Aveyj gbmyi Avng` : Avgvi †`Lv ivRbxwZi cÂvk eQi, c„t 498)
268
†mŠwLb †`k‡cÖwgK‡`i A_©‰bwZK †kvlY (†gRi (Ae) †gvt iwdKzj Bmjvg : `ytkvm‡bi 1338 iRbx, c„t 119-126)
Ô†mB †mŠwLb †`k‡cÖwgKiv hviv hy× Kivi Rb¨ bq, eis cÖvY euvPv‡bvi Rb¨B evsjv‡`k bq cv‡Ui ivRv nj fviZ
fvi‡Z wM‡qwQj Zviv AvR mgv‡Ri D”Pv¯’v‡b AwawôZ| gvbyl‡K cÖZviYv AvIqvgx evKkvjxiv hvB g‡b Ki“K evsjvi gvbyl wVKB ey‡S wb‡qwQj †h,
Kivi ¶gZv I‡`i A‡bK| Awfbq wbLyuZ| e¨w³ ¯^v_©wmw×i R‡b¨ RvwZi GUv wQj †mB gvivZ¥K †LjviB GK Awbevh© cwiYwZt †h †Ljvq †MvUv gv‡V
e„nËi ¯^v_©‡K RjvÄwj w`‡Z Iiv KzÉv‡eva K‡i bv| wek¦vm Kivi h‡_ó KviY GKw`‡K wQ‡jb †kL gywRe Ges Ab¨ w`‡K wQ‡jb Kgy¨wbó ivwkqvi ayiÜi
i‡q‡Q †h, gnvi_xiv Av‡Rv †Kvb GK AÁvZ Kvi‡Y A`„k¨ cÖfy‡`i A½yjx eiK›`vRiv fvi‡Zi †`vmi wn‡m‡eB| eW©vi Pyw³i bv‡g †ei“evox fvi‡Zi
wb‡`©‡k Pj‡Z eva¨| GB NUbv¸‡jvi ¸i“Z¡ Acwimxg| RvwZi Rxe‡b wech©‡qi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`Iqv n‡qwQj| dviv°v Pzw³i bv‡g evsjv‡`k‡K gi“f~wg‡Z
g~‡j A‡bKvs‡k Av‡Q GB †jvfx gvbyl¸‡jvi AcwiYvg`k©x Kvh©Kjvc| †h
cwiYZ Kivi KvimvRx, UvKv e`‡ji bv‡g evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡K Ô†dvKjvÕ
cv‡ci cÖvqwðË Avgiv KiwQ| Rvwbbv Avi KZ w`b Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ
K‡i †djv n‡qwQj| eW©vi evwY‡R¨i bv‡g evsjv‡`k‡K cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQj
Ô¯^vaxbZvi ci wK n‡jv? GK msNe× cÖ‡Póv Pjj evsjvi A_©bxwZ‡K aŸsm fvi‡Zi e¯—vcPv gvjvgv‡ji evRv‡i| cv‡Ui ivRv evsjv‡`k n‡q c‡owQj
Kivi| Drcv`b K‡g †Mj, †e‡o †Mj kªwgK Am‡š—vl| Aš—N©vZg~jK Kvh©Kjvc cvUnxb c¶vš—‡i cvUnxb AvMiZjvq ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQj †MvUv cuv‡PK cvUKj|
†e‡o †Mj| †e‡o †Mj ¸ß nZ¨v| KjKviLvbv aŸsm n‡jv| †Kvb A`„k¨ KwjKvZvi cvUKj¸wj K‡qK wkdU Pvwj‡qI KvR K‡i Kzjv‡Z cviZ bv|
Aïf kw³ †hb evsjvi gvbyl‡K wb‡q i‡³i †nvwj‡Ljvq †g‡Z DVj| (AvLZvi“j Avjg : `ytkvm‡bi 1338 iRbx, c„. 115-116)
BwZnv‡mi RNb¨Zg Aciv‡a wjß n‡jv A‡b‡K| †mBme †mŠwLb †`k‡cÖwgK
5 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi m¤ú` cvPvi
mevB wg‡j QviLvi K‡iwQj evsjvi gvby‡li ¯^cœmva| †PvivKviev‡ii jvBb
Zviv Av‡MB K‡i †i‡LwQj| cy‡iv †`k †Q‡q †Mj A‰ea e¨emvq| cÖZ¨¶fv‡e `yBkÕ eQ‡i weªwUk mvgªvR¨ev` hv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb, 25 eQ‡i cwðg cvwK¯—vbxiv
RwoZ nj Ruv`‡ij miKvix Kg©Pvix, e¨emvqx Avi wKQz ivR‰bwZK Kg©x| hv Kievi mvnm cvqwb, gvÎ wZb eQ‡i wn›`y¯’vbx gv‡ovqvix e½eÜz †cÖwgKiv
kw³kvjx gn‡ji mg_©bcyó bvn‡j GZ weivU AvKv‡i A‰ea e¨emv m¤¢e bq| (!) Zv K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki wK me©bvm Zviv K‡i‡Q Zvi GKwU wn‡m‡ei
Zvn‡j wK GK_v ejv hvq bv, †Kvb cÖfvekvjx gn‡ji cÖ‡Póvq aŸsm n‡q‡Q mvims‡¶c †`Lyb :
G‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ?...Òïay ZvB bq, †fRv‡j †Q‡q wM‡qwQj mg¯— †`k|Ó 1| avb, PvDj I M‡gi cvPvi n‡q‡Q 70/80 jvL Ub|
Ôcy‡iv †`kUvB AvR †hb GKUv cwiZ¨³ m¤úwË| mevi j¶¨ n‡”Q †hgb g~j¨ (M‡o 100 UvKv g~j¨ ai‡j) 2160 †KvwU UvKv|
K‡iB †nvK wb‡Ri c‡KU fwZ© Kiv| me cÖwZôvb aŸsm n‡q hvK Zv‡Z Kvi 2| cvU cÂvk jvL †e‡ji Dc‡i 400 †KvwU UvKv|
wK Av‡m hvq? Avi kvw¯—i †Zv †Kvb fqB bvB|Õ
3| ÎvY mvgMÖx cvPvi n‡q‡Q 1500 †KvwU UvKv|
Ô`xN© wZbwU eQi Avgiv GB me Kj¼gq NUbv cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQ| Avgv‡`i 4| hy×v¯¿, Avg`vbx Kiv hš¿vsk,
†Pv‡Li mvg‡b avb Pvj cvU cvPvi n‡q hvq mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i| Avi evsjvi JlacÎ, gvQ, QvMj, Mi“, gwnl,
Amnvq gvbyl Lv‡`¨i Rb¨ we‡k¦i `yqv‡i mv‡R wfLvix| j¶ cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q gyiMx, wWg, ebR m¤ú` BZ¨vw` wg‡j 1000 †KvwU UvKv|
AwR©Z ¯^vaxbZv ïay †fŠMwjK n‡q iBj| wek¦ gvbe mfvq †h m¤§vb Avgiv
†c‡qwQjvg, wf¶vi Szwj nv‡Z wb‡q †m m¤§vb †¯^”Qvq c``wjZ K‡iwQ| me©‡gvU 5060 †KvwU UvKv
¯^vaxbZv ïay wKQz msL¨K fvM¨ev‡bi Rxe‡b G‡b‡Q Awek¦vm¨ Hk¦h©|Õ
(RbZvi gyLcÎ, 1jv b‡f¤^i, 1975)

269 270
 mgKvjxb
AvZvDi ingvb Lvb : cÖ`k©‡bi d‡jB †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK Z_v
AvBb-k„sLjv cwiw¯’wZi AebwZ N‡U‡Q| gvby‡li Rxe‡bi †Kvb wbivcËv
†bB| (20 †deª“qvix 1974)
fvmvbx b¨vc : hviv jyUcvU K‡i †L‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡`i c‡¶ euvPvi †Kvb
Dcvq †bB| (8 GwcÖj 1974)
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mn‡hvMx wmwcwc : Ô†`k AvR Pig msKU I wech©‡qi gy‡L
Dcw¯’Z| gRyZ`vi, gybvdv‡Lvi, Kv‡jvevRvix, †PvivPvjvbx I jvB‡mÝ
cviwgU wkKvix‡`i Pµv‡š—i mv‡_ `yyb©xwZMÖ¯— Avgjv‡`i †hvMmvRk, m‡e©vcwi
kvmK‡`i GKvsk D³ mgvR-we‡ivax‡`i Avkªq w`‡”Q e‡jB eZ©gvb mg‡q
msKU I wech©q m„wó n‡q‡Q|Õ (18 GwcÖj, 1974)
70 Rb eyw×Rxwei wee„wZ : evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb Lv`¨fve I A_©‰bwZK msKU
AZx‡Zi me©v‡c¶v Ri“ix msKU‡KI `ª“ZMwZ‡Z QvovBqv hvB‡Z‡Q Ges
1943 m‡bi me©vMÖvmx gš^š—‡ii ch©v‡q †cuŠQvBqv wMqv‡Q|
eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ‡K miKvi ÔcÖvq `ywf©¶ve¯’vÕ ewjqv AwfwnZ Kivi gva¨‡g
`y`©kvi cÖwZ Pig J`vmxb¨ cÖ`k©b Kwi‡Z‡Qb| gš^š —‡ii †gvKv‡ejvq †`‡ki
wewfbœ mvgvwRK kw³mg~‡ni Dci †Kvb cÖKvi Av¯’v ¯’vcb bv Kwiqv miKvi
m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wbf©i Kwi‡Z‡Qb KwZcq ˆe‡`wkK mvnvh¨ I F‡Yi Dci Ges
Af¨š—ixY GK‡kªYxi `yb©xwZevR, UvDU, e`-gZveŸi I Aby‡kvPbvnxb
AvZ¥mvZKvixi Dci| G `ywf©¶ gvbyl `vov m„ó Ges GKwU we‡kl †kªYxi
Aeva j~Éb I cvPv‡ii cwiYwZ| 1761 mv‡ji gš^š—i, 1943 mv‡ji gš^š—
‡ii b¨vq 1974 mv‡ji GB gš^š—iI gbyl¨-m„ó Ges Drcv`bh‡š¿i mwnZ
m¤úK©wenxb GK †kªYxi gRyZ`vi, †PvivPvjvbx I ivR‰bwZK mg_©bcyó
e¨emvqxivB Bnvi Rb¨ `vqx|
Lv`¨ NvUwZ KL‡bv `ywf©‡¶i g~j KviY nB‡Z cv‡i bv| mvgvb¨Zg Lv`¨
NvUwZi †¶‡Î ïay eÈb-cÖwµqv wbqš¿‡Yi gva¨‡g `ywf©¶ m„wó Kiv hvq| hw`
†`‡ki Drcv`b I eÈb e¨e¯’v wbgœZg I b¨vqbxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ _vwKZ,
e¨emv-evwYR¨, wk¶v I Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Îi mywePvi‡K wbwðZ Kivi mvgvb¨Zg
Avš—wiK †PóvI _vwKZ, Zvnv nB‡j hy‡×i wZb eQi ci Ges `yB nvRvi
271
†KvwU UvKviI †ekx ˆe‡`wkK mvnv‡h¨i ci 74 m‡bi †klv‡a© AvR, evsjv‡`‡k
Aš—Zt Abvnv‡i gyZz¨i cwiw¯’wZ nBZ bv| `ywf©¶ cÖwZ‡iva I gš^š—‡ii
†gvKvwejv †Kvb gvbweK cÖkœ bq, Bnv GKwU †gŠwjK ivR‰bwZK cÖkœ|Õ
wZb eQ‡i AvovB nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi Pvj cvPvi nq : MZ wZb eQ‡i
evsjv‡`k †_‡K cÂvk jvL Uvb Lv`¨km¨ cvPvi n‡q‡Q e‡j GKwU we‡`kx
cwÎKvi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q| jÛ‡bi MvwW©qvb cwÎKvi GKwU mv¤cÖwZK
wi‡cv‡U©I GB e³‡e¨i mg_©b †g‡j| cwðg evsjvi GKwU gvwmK cwÎKvi
wW‡m¤^i Õ74 msL¨vq Ôevsjv‡`k Avgvi evsjv‡`k!Õ kxl©K wbe‡Ü ejv nq †h,
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki Lv`¨ I K…wl `߇ii wn‡me Abymv‡i 1971 Gi cieZ©x wZb
eQ‡i †gvU Lv`¨k‡m¨i Drcv`b n‡q‡Q 333 jvL Ub| ZvQvov 1974-G
AvDm avb Drcbœ n‡q‡Q 28 jvL Ub| A_©vr †gvU cÖ‡qvRb 351 jvL Ub|
Avi GB wZb eQi Lvevi Rb¨ †gvU cÖ‡qvRb 323 jvL Ub Ges exR av‡bi
Rb¨ (†gvU Drcv`‡bi 10%) cÖ‡qvRb 33 jvL Ub A_©vr †gvU cÖ‡qvRb 356
jvL Ub| GB wZb eQi (1974-Gi A‡±vei ch©š—) we‡`k †_‡K †gvU Lv`¨
Avg`vbxi cwigvY 65 jvL Ub|
A_©vr Drcv`b I Avg`vbx Lv‡Z cÖvß Lv`¨k‡m¨i †gvU cwigvY `uvov‡”Q,
351+64 = 415 jvL Ub, †gvU cÖ‡qvRb †hLv‡b 356 jvL Ub| A_©vr cÖvq
50 jvL Ub Lv`¨km¨ DØ„Ë nevi K_vÑ wKš‘ Zvi †Kvb mÜvb cvIqv hv‡”Q
bv| (Ave`yj Mvd&dvi †PŠayix wi‡cvU©, ˆ`wbK Rbc`)
fvi‡Z Rvj †bvU †Q‡c A_©bx —
Ôevsjv‡`k †_‡K cvPvi n‡q hvIqv abm¤ú‡`i wewbg‡q cÖwZ‡ekx fviZ
†_‡K Avgv‡`i †`‡k Av‡iv †hme gnvg~j¨evb abm¤ú` Avm‡Zv Zvi GKwU
n‡”Q fvi‡Z gyw`ªZ evsjv‡`kx Rvj UvKv| GB Rvj gy`ªv cvPvi GZUvB
fqven iƒc wb‡qwQj †h, ZrKvjxb A_©gš¿x Rbve ZvRDÏxb Avng` ¯^xKvi
Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ‡jb †h, gy`ªv cvPv‡ii d‡j RvZxq A_©bxwZ †f‡½ c‡o‡Q|
GK K_vq, hy×-weaŸ¯— m`¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k ZLb n‡q c‡owQj †`kx-we‡`kx
jyÉb †¶Î| GLvb †_‡K Lv`¨ km¨, A_©Kix dmj, ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvq †Kvb
gyj¨evb hš¿cvZx I hš¿vsk DavI n‡q †M‡Q| Avi Zvi wewbg‡q G‡m‡Q
fvi‡Z Qvcv Rvj UvKvi †bvU, wewocvZv Avi Mig gmj­v| GB PgrKvi
272
e¨e¯’vi d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq A_©bxwZ Aš—tmvik~b¨ n‡q co‡jI ¶gZvi
†mœncyó GK †kªYxi Z_vKw_Z Rb‡bZvi c‡K‡U mvM‡ii †Rvqv‡ii gZ UvKv
Rgv nw”Qj Ges GZ UvKv †h, †mUv Zviv †`‡ki e¨vs‡K Rgv ivLv wbivc`
†eva Ki‡Zb bv|Õ (Ave`yi iwng AvRv` : GKvˇii MYnZ¨vi bvqK †K? c„t 52)
†mbvevwnbx aŸs‡mi lohš¿
25 gvP©-Gi MYnZ¨v Awfhv‡bi gy‡L ivR‰bwZK kw³ hLb RvwZ‡K AcÖ¯‘Z
Ae¯’vq †Zv‡ci gy‡L †V‡j w`‡q, RvwZi mvg‡b †Kvb w`K-wb‡`©kbv bv w`‡q
cvwj‡q cÖvYi¶v K‡i‡Q †m mgq GB †mbvevwnbxi m`m¨ivB Rxe‡bi SzuwK
wb‡q mvg‡b G‡m `uvwo‡q‡Q, RvwZ‡K c_ †`wL‡q‡Q| PÆMÖvg Kvjyi NvU
†eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K mk¯¿ cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×i WvK w`‡q‡Q †mbvevwnbxiB GKRb
m`m¨Ñ †gRi wRqvDi ingvb| †mvqvZ Rvnv‡Ri A¯¿ Lvjvm cÖ‡Póv cÖwZ‡iva
K‡i‡Q BwcAvi-Gi m`m¨iv| 11wU †m±‡i mk¯¿ hy‡× †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Q mk¯¿
evwnbx| mk¯¿ evwnbx I mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ mKj †f`v‡f` jyß n‡q
wM‡qwQj| mk¯¿ evwnbxi m`m¨iv ZLb gvbyl‡K mvnm hywM‡q‡Q, wbivcËv
w`‡q‡Q, cÖwZ‡iva hy‡× AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q Ges gvby‡li kª×v-fvjevmv
†K‡o‡Q| mk¯¿ evwnbxi m`m¨iv Gfv‡e RvZxq ¯^vaxbZvi i¶v-KeP wn‡m‡e
RbwP‡Ë ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †kL gywRe ¯^vaxbZvi mk¯¿ hy‡× hviv †bZ…Z¡
w`‡jb Zv‡`i mwi‡q w`‡jb †bc‡_¨| Zv‡`i Ae¯’vb, kw³ Ges gh©v`v‡K
Av‡iv msKzwPZ Kivi Rb¨ MVb Kiv n‡jv i¶xevwnbx| Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B
mvd‡j¨i mv‡_ i¶xevwnbx wb‡R‡K mvgvwRK Îvmiƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ K‡i
†dj‡jv| fviZxq †mbvevwnbx‡K evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avm‡Z †Kvb Amyweav n‡e
bv| †MvUv RvwZ eySj, 9 gv‡m †h ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ Zviv i³ Swi‡q‡Q †m
¯^vaxbZv ÔRjcvB isÕ-Gi nv‡Z e›`x n‡q †M‡Q|Õ
ÔGB RjcvB is-Gi †Ljvq mxgvš— Ly‡j †Mj| hvi cwiYwZ‡Z ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`k †cj AZ¨vðh© GK wek¦ cwiwPwZÑ ÔZjvwenxb SzwoÕ| (Ave`yi iwng
AvRv` : ÔGKvˇii MYnZ¨vi bvqK †K?Õ c„t 45)
Ô†mbvevwnbxi cÖwZ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zvw”Qj¨ AeÁv Ae‡njv‡K †Rbv‡ij
wRqvDi ingvb Zvi GK fvl‡Y ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb| 75 mv‡j 12B b‡f¤^i wZwb
e‡jb, ¯^vaxbZvi ci Hw`b ch©š— (15 AvM÷) †m miKvi ¶gZvq AwawôZ
273
wQj, mk¯¿ evwnbxi cÖwZ Zv‡`i Ae‡njv wQj GZUvB †h, mvgwiK evwnbxi
m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ m„wó n‡qwQj wb`vi“b nZvkv|Õ (`ytkvm‡bi 1338 iRbx)
cÎ-
Ôh‡kvi-Lyjbv-Kzwóqv GB wZbwU †Rjvi mg¯— mxgvš— GjvKvq †PvivPvj wbwe©‡Nœ
Pwj‡Z‡Q| Ae¯’v`„‡ó g‡b nq, AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms¯’vmg~n cÖfvekvjx
gn‡ji Avkxe©v`cyó GBme mgvR we‡ivax e¨w³‡K `g‡b m¤ú~Y© Amnvq nBqv
cwoqv‡Q|Õ (ˆ`wbK B‡ËdvK, 1972 mv‡ji 17 AvM÷)
jvB‡mÝ cviwg‡Ui Rg-RgvU e¨emvi hvZvK‡j c‡o gvbyl Lvwe Lv‡”Q|
(MYKô, 29 AvM÷, 1972)
Mixe gvbyl Lv`¨ cvq bv, UvDUiv gRv jyU‡Q| (MYKÉ, 29 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1972)
Ôevsjv‡`k ivB‡djm-Gi †RvqvbMY MZ `yBw`b mxgvš— GjvKv nB‡Z fvi‡Z
Qvcv wewfbœ gv‡bi †gvU 2 nvRvi 7kÕ 62 UvKvi evsjv‡`kx KvMRx gy`ªv
AvUK Kwiqv‡Qb|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 10B GwcÖj 1973)
XvKvi e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i cÖvY‡K›`ª Bmjvgcyi, †gŠjfxevRvi, PKevRvi nB‡Z
e¨emvqx bvgavix GK †kªYxi †jvK nvRvi nvRvi gb Pvj, Wvj, cÖf„wZ µq
Kwi‡Z ïi“ Kwiqv‡Q| e¨emvqx gnjI wRwbmcÎ †Kbvi GB ayg †`wLqv
AevK we¯§‡q fvwe‡Z‡Qb †h, GB gvjcÎ hvB‡Z‡Q †Kv_vq?...
Ô†Kvb GKwU gn‡ji Le‡i cÖKvk, mxgv‡š—i Icvi GK †kªbxi Amvay e¨emvqx
mxgvš— GjvKvq ¸`vg wbg©vY Kwiqv GB me wRwbmcÎ wKwbqv †Mv`vgRvZ
Kwi‡Z‡Q|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 16 GwcÖj 1973)
Ô`y®‹„wZKvix `g‡bi bv‡g Pig mš¿v‡mi ivRZ¡ Kv‡gq : cvebvi hyeZx †g‡qiv
B¾‡Zi f‡q wbivc` Avkªq Lyu‡R †eov‡”Q|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 14 wW‡m¤^i, 1973)
ÔMZ nßvi ivRbxwZ : i¶xevwnbxi i“`ª g~wZ©i mvg‡b BwZnvm _g‡K
`uvwo‡qwQj|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 27 Rvbyqvix, 1994)
Lv‡`¨vØ„Ë w`bvRcyi †Rjv‡ZI `ywf©¶ wbôzi _vev †dwjqv‡Q| d‡j w`bgRyi
†Rjv m`‡iB cÖwZw`b M‡o cÖvq 30Rb Abvnv‡i cÖvY nvivB‡Z‡Q| †ij
†÷kb I Bnvi Av‡kcv‡k eyf~¶ gvby‡li wfo µgvš^‡q evwo‡Z‡Q| ¶zavi
274
Zvobvq iscyi nB‡Z nvRvi nvRvi Amnvq cwievi w`bvRcy‡ii w`‡K QzwUqv
Avwm‡Z‡Q|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 25 A‡±vei, 1974)
Ô¯§vMwjs nq mxgvš— GjvKv nB‡Z G Lei meviB Rvbv wKš‘ miKvix Lv`¨
¸`v‡gI †h GB ÔKvievi nBqv _v‡K Zvnvi †LuvR †Kn iv‡Lb wK?Õ (B‡ËdvK,
1 b‡f¤^i, 1974)
ÔGK gyVy byb `¨vI|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 1 AvM÷, 1974)
Ô`ytwLbx evsjv‡K euvPvI| (B‡ËdvK, 10 AvM÷, 1974)
Ô¶zavZ© gvby‡li AvZ©wPrKv‡i Nyg fvs‡M|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 23 †mÞ¤^i, 1974)
ÔIiv eyf~¶ gvby‡li MÖvm Kvwoqv jB‡Z‡QÕ H
Ôwek¦we`¨vj‡qi 48 Rb wk¶‡Ki wee„wZ : †`k gš^š —‡ii KivjMÖvm|Õ
(B‡ËdvK, 30 †m‡Þ¤^i- 1974)
Ô¶z`vi Av¸b R¡wj‡Z‡Q|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 1 A‡±vei, 1974)
ÔXvKvq cÖwZw`b M‡o 84 R‡bi jvk `vdb|Õ (B‡ËdvK, 13 A‡±vei, 1974)
ÔDËiv‡j Abvnv‡i I K‡jivq ˆ`wbK †`o mnmª †jv‡Ki g„Zz¨|Õ (B‡ËdvK,
9 b‡f¤^i, 1974)
ÔMZ Kq eQ‡i 4 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi we‡`kx mvnv‡h¨i RvnvR †Pviv cvnv‡o
av°v LvBqv Wyweqv wM‡q‡Q| Ab~¨b 6 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi m¤ú` cvPvi nBqv
wMqv‡Q, (Ges) †kL gywRe †`ke¨vcx 5700 j½iLvbv Lywjevi wb‡`©k
w`qv‡Qb|Õ (B‡ËdvK 27 gvP© 1975)
Ô15B AvM÷ evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡mi GK Kv‡jv Aa¨v‡qi cwimgvwß N‡U‡Q|
Gi Av‡M mv‡o wZb eQi a‡i ¶gZvmxb ˆ¯^ivPvix miKvi G †`‡k †kvlY,
wbh©vZb I wbcxo‡bi GK fqven ivRZ¡ Kv‡qg K‡iwQ‡jv| GB mg‡q
evsjv‡`‡k N‡U‡Q fqven gš^š—i|Õ
ÔmiKvix wn‡m‡e ejv n‡q‡Q, GB gš^š—‡i mv‡o mvZvk nvRvi †jv‡Ki g„Zz¨
n‡q‡Q| †emiKvixfv‡e wewfbœ msev`c‡Îi m~‡Î Rvbv †M‡Q Õ74-Gi `ywf©‡¶
g„Zz¨i msL¨v wQj Qq j‡¶iI †ekx|Õ
ÔGB `ywf©‡¶i m~Pbv wVK Pzqvˇi nqwb, n‡q‡Q Av‡iv Av‡M †_‡K| ejv †h‡Z
cv‡i Õ72 mv‡jB `ywf©‡¶i c`aŸwb †kvbv wM‡qwQj| MÖvgevsjvq hLb Pv‡ji
`i cÖwZw`b av‡c av‡c evowQ‡jv, †mB ms‡M evowQ‡jv wbZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq
275
wRwb‡mi `i Ges µgk †m¸‡jv P‡j wM‡qwQj mvaviY gvby‡li µq ¶gZvi
evB‡i| nvRvi nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi avb I cvU we‡`‡k cvPvi n‡q‡Q †Pviv
c‡_| ivóªqË Kj-KviLvbvq `yb©xwZcivqY cÖkvmKiv, hviv wQ‡jb ¶gZvmxb
miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwa Zviv ïi“ Ki‡jb Aeva jyÉb, wewµ K‡i w`‡jb hš¿ I
hš¿vsk, KuvPvgvj I Ab¨vb¨ wkí mvgMÖx|Õ
ÔRvZxq A_©bxwZi KvVv‡gv m¤ú~Y© †f‡½ co‡jv| we‡`k †_‡K Avg`vbx Kiv
K‡qK nvRvi †KvwU WjviI †mB NvUwZ c~iY n‡jv bv, eis we‡`kx ÎvY
mvgMÖxI cvPvi n‡q †M‡j mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i|Õ
¶gZvmxb †bZ…e„‡›`i ¯^xKv‡ivw³
Kvgi“¾vgvb
ÔMZ g½jevi XvKv bMi AvIqvgx jxM Kvh©vj‡q AbywôZ Kg©xmfvq we‡kl
AwZw_i fvl‡Y Rbve Kvgi“¾vgvb e‡jb †h, RvwZ msK‡Ui g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb
Kwi‡Z‡Q Ges Avgiv mgm¨vi mgvavb Kwi‡Z cvwi bvBÑ GB ev¯—e mZ¨‡K
¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|Õ (ˆ`wbK B‡ËdvK 14B b‡f¤^i, 1974)
ZvRywÏb
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki KwZcq †bZvi we‡`‡k e¨vsK e¨vjvÝ i‡q‡Q, Zviv AbeiZ †`k
†_‡K gy`ªv cvPvi K‡i w`‡”Q, d‡j †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK †gi“`Ê cÖvq †f‡½
covi Dcµg n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki gvbyl Kvc‡oi Afv‡e gi‡Q Avi GK †kªYxi
wkícwZ bvgavix jÛ‡b Kvc‡oi Kj Pvjy Ki‡Q|Õ (Rbc`, 11 gvP©, 1974)
Gg G †gvnvB‡gb
`yÕw`‡bB Avi¤¢ nj jyU| AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB GWwgwb‡÷ªUvi, cvi‡PR Awdmvi,
g¨v‡bRviMY cÖwZôv‡bi kªwgK †bZv‡`i †hvM mvR‡m cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K wkí
cÖwZôv‡bB jyU Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ Kij| d‡j `dvq `dvq wRwb‡mi `vg evo‡Z
jvMj| GK GKwU cvUKj I e¯¿ K‡j wظY AvovB ¸Y kªwgK wb‡qvwRZ
n‡jv| kÖwgK fvZvi e¨vcv‡i KviPzwci Aš— iBj bv| eû¯’v‡b Aw¯—Z¡nxb
kªwg‡Ki bv‡g j¶ j¶ UvKv gvwnbv †bqv n‡Z jvMj| cvUKj¸wj‡Z cvU Ges
LyPiv hš¿vsk †Kbvi cÖwµqvq †KvwU †KvwU UvKv AcPq n‡Z jvMj| mvwe©K
276
Ae¨e¯’vi d‡j cv‡Ui `i Am¤¢e K‡g †Mj| K…lK ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡jv| Aíw`‡bB KvovKvwo|Õ (Gg G †gvnvB‡gb : evsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIqvgx jxM, c„t
eySv †Mj fvi‡Zi †hLv‡b cvUKj¸wj `¶ †gv‡ovqvix e¨emvqx‡`i nv‡Z 44)
i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b evsjv‡`‡k cvUKj¸wj RvZxqKiY K‡i AbwfÁ I A‡hvM¨
ÔG‡`‡ki AwaKvsk †jv‡Ki aviYv wQj †h, fviZ g‡bcÖv‡Y cvwK¯—vb I
cwiPvjK‡`i Øviv cwiPjbv Kiv g¯—eo fyj n‡q‡Q| wek¦ evRv‡i Avgiv
cvwK¯—v‡bi gymjgvb‡`i g½j †Kvbw`b Pvqwb| ïay cvwK¯—vb‡K fv½evi
evRvi nviv‡Z jvMjvg Avi †m ¯’vb `Lj Kij fviZ| cvUKj RvZxqKiY
j‡¶¨B Zviv ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g GZ mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj, G‡`‡ki †jv‡Ki
Kivi mgq GUv †gv‡UB †Lqvj Kiv nqwb †h, c„w_ex‡Z AvgivB GKgvÎ cvU
Drcv`bKvix †`k bB| mwZ¨Kvi gyw³i Rb¨ mvnvh¨ K‡iwb| Zv‡`i G aviYv mZ¨ wK wg_¨v †m Avi
GK ¯^Zš¿ cÖkœ| Z‡e hLb evsjv‡`k nq ZLb †`‡ki AwaKvsk †jv‡Ki
Ôe¯¿wk‡íi e¨vcv‡iI GKB e¨vcvi N‡U‡Q| Zzjv I m~Zv wewµi gva¨‡g †KvwU
g‡bvfveB Giƒc wQj| wVK Gmg‡q AvIqvgx jxM Kg©x‡`i G ai‡bi e³e¨
†KvwU UvKv jyU n‡jv| RvZxqKiYK…Z e¯¿ K‡ji G‡KK Rb g¨v‡bRv‡ii M‡o
I AvPi‡Y AwaKvsk cÖexY I eyw×Rxex gn‡ji aviYv n‡jv AvIqvgx jxM
gvwmK Avq cÂvk nvRv‡i G‡m `uvovq| AwaKvsk m~Zv Kv‡jv evRv‡ii
fviZxq wPš—v I cÖfv‡e AZ¨š— cÖfvweZ n‡q c‡o‡Q| ax‡j ax‡i Kvh©Kvi‡Y
gvidr miKvix g~‡j¨i Dci †ej cÖwZ †`o †_‡K `yB nvRvi UvKvi AwaK
Ggb aviYv m„wó n‡Z jvMj †h fviZxq ¯^v_© I B”Qvi wei“‡× wKQz ejvi
g~‡j¨ ZuvZx‡`i nv‡Z †cuŠQv‡Z jvMj| evo‡jv ZuvZx‡`i `yM©wZ, RvZxqKiY
mvnm AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bB|Õ
Ki‡Z wM‡q †`‡ki A_©bxwZ jÊfÊ K‡i †`Iqv n‡jv|Õ (Gg G †gvnvB‡gb:
ÔfviZ I evsjv‡`k Gi ga¨Kvi KZ¸‡jv we‡iv‡ai welq, †hgb dviv°v,
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIqvgx jxM,Õ c„t 14)
`nMÖvg, Av½yi‡cvZv I ZvjcwÆi e¨vcv‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKvš— bxieZv,
Ô1972 m‡b Aev½vjx‡`i cwiZ¨³ wkí KviLvbv I e¨emv cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K †hUv Rbg‡bi G `‡ji GKwbô †`k‡cÖg m¤ú‡K© m‡›`‡ni D‡`ªK K‡i‡Q|Õ
miKvix wbqš¿‡Y G‡b †Kvb cÖKvi Bb‡fw›Uª ˆZix bv K‡iB hv‡K Zv‡K (Gg † †gvnvB‡gb : Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIqvgx jxMÕ, c„t 44)
cwiPvjK evwb‡q †m¸‡jv Pvjv‡Z †`Iqv n‡jv| Bb‡fw›Uª ˆZix bv K‡i
ÔZvB M½vi cÖevn e„w×i Rb¨ MZ K‡qK ermi hveZ evsjv‡`k e‡j Avm‡Q
Pvjv‡Z †`Iqvi `i“b KviLvbv Pvjy Kivi mgq ˆZix gv‡ji ÷K KZ wQj Zv
†bcv‡ji m‡½ wg‡j †bcv‡ji cve©Z¨ GjvKvq euva w`‡j cÖPzi cvwb msi¶Y
Avi KviI Rvbevi Dcvq iBj bv| d‡j Avi¤¢ n‡jv h‡_”Q jyU| ZLb GK
Kiv hv‡e hv w`‡q Liv gImy‡g fvi‡Zi I evsjv‡`‡ki Df‡qi e¨env‡ii
GKwU Kj-KviLvbv I e¨emv cÖwZôv‡b †KvwU †KvwU UvKvi ˆZwi gvj wQj|
Rb¨ cÖPzi cvwb cvIqv hv‡e| GwU GKwU AZ¨š— hyw³hy³ I b¨vqm½Z
GKvˇii ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖv‡gi mgq †`kevmxi hy× Pjvi `i“b Drcbœ `ªevw`
cwiKíbv Ges fviZ I †bcvj ivwR n‡j Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©i ms¯’vb
wewµ m¤¢e bv nIqvq eû KviLvbv‡ZB cÖPzi Drcvw`Z gvj Rgv n‡qwQj|
K‡i w`‡Z Iqvj©W e¨vsK m¤§wZ Rvwb‡q‡Q| wKš‘ `yt‡Li welq fviZ
Õ72 Gi cÖ_g †_‡KB H mg¯— gvj jyU n‡Z Avi¤¢ n‡jv| 16 wWwfkb bv‡g
†bcv‡ji mn‡hvwMZvq dviv°vi cvwb mgm¨vi gZ ¸i“Zi GKwU mgm¨vi
fyqv gyw³‡hv×viv| Zvici Avi¤¢ Kij cwiPvjbvq hviv wb‡qvwRZ n‡qwQj
mgvav‡b ivwR n‡”Q bv| fvi‡Zi G g‡bvfve‡K evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk †jvK
Zviv Ges Zv‡`i mv½cv‡½viv| GZ m¤ú` ev½vjx hye‡Kiv KLbI GK ms‡M
AZ¨š— A‡hŠw³K g‡b K‡i| evsjv‡`k‡K `ye©j cÖwZ‡ekx †c‡q fviZ
†Pv‡L †`‡Lwb| d‡j wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨B jy‡Ui GKUv me©MÖvmx eb¨vq †`k
B”QvgZ hv‡”Q ZvB e¨envi Ki‡Q g‡b K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki †jvK AZ¨š— ¶z×|
Zwj‡q †Mj| †m eb¨vq †Kv_vq †f‡m †Mj ev½vjx hyeK‡`i †`k‡cÖg,
gvbyl mvaviYfv‡eB Avkv K‡iwQj me©e„nr ivR‰bwZK `j wn‡m‡e AvIqvgx
g~j¨‡eva, ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i †PZbv| Zvici Avi¤¢ n‡jv j~ÉZ A_© wb‡q
jxM G e¨vcv‡i GKUv e³e¨ ivL‡e Ges evsjv‡`‡ki b¨vqm½Z `vex cÖ¯—ve
†g‡b †bqvi Rb¨ fviZ‡K Aby‡iva Rvbv‡e| wKš‘ AZ¨š— Avð‡h©i welq †h,

277 278
AvIqvgx jxM AvR ch©š— G e¨vcv‡i gyL Ly‡jwb|;Õ (Gg G †gvnvB‡gb :
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z AvIhvgx jxMÕ, (c„t 45)
we‡`kx cÎ-cwÎKvq evsjv‡`‡ki wPÎ
ÔAvÄygv‡b gwd`yj Bmjvg mwgwZ 1974 mv‡ji †klv‡a© 2934wU jvk
Kzwo‡q‡QÑ me¸wjB †eIqvwik| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †`o nvRv‡iiI †ekx iv¯—v
†_‡K Kzovb|Õ wW‡m¤^‡ii g„‡Zi msL¨v RyjvB‡qi msL¨vi 7 ¸Y Ges
A‡±ve‡ii fqven `ywf©‡¶i mgq Kzovb msL¨vI cÖvq wظY|
ÔMÖvg-evsjvi wQbœg~j nZvk gvby‡liv AvR XvKvi †ckv`vi wfLvix‡`i ¯’vb
wb‡q‡Q| wcZv wkï‡`i wb‡q iv¯—vi Pˇi wbRx©‡ei gZ e‡m Av‡Q Avi
dzuwd‡q dzuwc‡q Kuv`‡Q|Õ (wcUvi wMj, †WBjx †UwjMÖvd, jÛb, 6 Rvbyqvix, 1975)
¯úóZtB evsjv‡`‡ki civR‡qi msMÖvg P‡j‡Q| w`‡b w`‡b evsjv‡`k Av‡iv
Mixe n‡”Q| Kíbv Kiv k³ wKš— ev¯—e GUvB †h, AvR‡K evsjv‡`‡ki
A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v ¯^vaxbZvi mg‡qi Ae¯’v †_‡K A‡bK †kvPbxq| Lv`¨
LvUwZ Av‡Mi †P‡q A‡bK †ekx| kZKiv 80 fvM ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©bKvix
cvU-Gi Drcv`b kZKiv 50 fvM K‡g †M‡Q| wkí Drcv`b GL‡bv 1969-
70-Gi gvÎvq †cuŠQvqwbÑ hw`I †jvKmsL¨v e„w× †c‡q‡Q K‡qK wgwjqb|
Ômywe¯—…Z BDGb ÔGBW Acv‡ikbÕ-Gi cÖwZôvZv wgt Ubx †n‡Mb wn‡me K‡i
†`‡L‡Qb †h, wiwjd mvgMÖxi 7 fv‡Mi GK fvM gvÎ cÖK…Z `yt¯’ †jvK‡`i
nv‡Z †cuŠ‡Q‡Q|Õ (†Kwfb wedvwU, wdbvwÝqvj UvBg, jÛb, jÛ, 6 Rvbyqvix, 1975)
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x †kL gywRei ingvb Zvi †`‡k cvj©v‡g›Uvix MYZ‡š¿i
†kl wPýUzKz jvw_ †g‡i †d‡j w`‡q‡Qb|
ÔA‡bKUv wbtk‡ã MYZ‡š¿i Kei †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| we‡ivax `j `vex K‡iwQj,
GB ai‡bi e¨vcK kvmbZvwš¿K cwieZ©‡bi e¨vcv‡i wZb w`b mgq †`Iqv
DwPZ| Rev‡e miKvi GK cÖ¯—ve cvk Ki‡jb †h, G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb weZK©
Pj‡e bv|Õ (wcUvi wMj, †WBjx †UwjMÖvg, jÛb, 1975)
ÔwKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki kvmK I be¨kvmKiv AwaKZi A‡hvM¨, `yb©xwZcivqY Ges
†jvfxÑ Giv ivZvivwZ eo n‡Z Pvq| ayiÜi e¨w³iv D”Pvkvi †Uvc †d‡jwQj
†h, Ò¯^vaxbÓ evsjv‡`k AMÖMwZi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡e Ges mij gvby‡liv Zv
wek¦vm K‡iwQj| wKš‘ fviZxq n¯—‡¶‡ci d‡j hviv evsjv‡`‡k ¶gZvq
279
Avmxb nÕj Zv‡`i gZ ¯^v_©ci †bZ…Z¡ †Kvb †`k mwZ¨Kvi RvZxq gyw³
Av‡›`vj‡bi ci Avi †`Lv hvqwb| †`kwU †h A_©‰bwZK aŸs‡mi w`‡K GwM‡q
hv‡e, Zv Aek¨¤¢vex wQj|Õ (d«w›Uqvi †KvjKvZv, 1 †deª“qvix, 1975)
ÔAvIqvgx jx‡Mi Dci Zjvq hviv Av‡Qb, Zviv Av‡iv RNb¨ hv‡`i gy³
K‡i‡Qb, †mB Rbmvavi‡Yi †gi“`Ê †f‡½ Zviv AvR dz‡j †du‡c DV‡Qb|Õ
(Rbv_b wW¤^jex, wbD †÷Ug¨vb, jÛb, 27 †mÞ¤^i, 1974)
Ô†emiKvix wn‡m‡e evsjv`‡ki `ywf©‡¶ G ch©š— j¶vwaK †jvK cÖvY
nvivBqv‡Q| jÛ‡bi GKwU cwÎKvi msev``vZv me©vwaK ¶wZMÖ¯— GjvKv
iscyi wMqvwQ‡jb| wZwb Rvbvb †h, ïay G GjvKvqB 25 nvRvi †jvK gviv
wMqv‡Q|Õ Ñwewewm (B‡ËdvK, 2 b‡f¤^i, 1974)
Ôwi‡cv‡U© ejv nq, cÖwZ eQi 10 jvL †_‡K 20 jvL Ub Pvj evsjv‡`k †_‡K
fvi‡Z cvPvi nq| Gi meUzKz miKv‡ii nv‡Z G‡j miKv‡ii eÈb e¨e¯’vi
NvUwZ c~i‡Yi Rb¨ h‡_ô n‡e| Lv`¨ Drcv`b I Avg`vbx eve` cÖvß
Lv`¨k‡m¨i †Kej DØ„Ë Ask cÖvq 50 jvL Ub Lv`¨km¨ cvPvi n‡q‡Q|Õ
(MvwW©qvb, jÊb, 8 b‡f¤^i, 1974)
ÔG `ywf©‡¶ Avi GKwU fq¼i cwimsL¨vb GB †h, wek¦¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v (WHO)-Gi
wn‡me g‡Z 50 jvL gwnjv AvR bMœ‡`n| cwi‡aq e¯¿ wewµ K‡i Zviv Pvj
wK‡b †L‡q‡Q|Õ Wt Avãyj Iqvwn` Rvbv‡jb, Ô¯^vfvweK mg‡q Avgiv nq‡Zv
K‡qK WRb wfLvixi g„Z‡`n Kzwo‡q _vwK, wKš‘ GLb gv‡m Aš—Zt 600 jvk
Kzovw”QÑ meB AbvnviRwbZ g„Zz¨|Õ
ÔhZ`~i `„wó hvq ïay K¼vj Avi K¼vjÑ †eva Kwi nvRvi nvRvi| cÖ_‡g j¶¨
Kwiwb| c‡i eyS‡Z cvijvg AwaKvsk K¼vjB wkï‡`i|Õ (Rb wcjRvi,
†WBjx †gBj, jÛb, 17B wW‡m¤^i, 1974)
ÔRi“ix Ae¯’v ejer Ki‡Z wM‡q †kL gywRe †mB cyiv‡bv RyRyi fqB
†`wL‡q‡Qb †h, evsjv‡`‡k Ô†cÖv-cvwK¯—vbxivÕ GLb mwµq, wKš‘ AwaKvsk
ch©‡e¶K GKgZ †h, †h‡nZz AvIqvgx miKvi †h miKvi 1971 mv‡j 16B
wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥ †_‡K kvmb K‡i Avm‡QÑ e¨_© n‡q‡QÑ †mRb¨B
Ri“ix Ae¯’v Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| miKvi †h Iqv`v cvj‡b e¨_© n‡q‡Q Zvi
R¡jš— cÖgvY †`Lv hvq MÖvgevsjvqÑ †hLv‡b `ywf©¶ I cywónxbZvq nvRvi
280
nvRvi †jvK g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q, Avi hviv †eu‡P Av‡Q Zviv miKv‡ii
¸Ûvevwnbxi f‡q me©¶Y mš¿¯—|Õ †WwfU nvU©, dviB÷vb© BKbwgK wiwfD,
nsKs, 10 Rvbyqvix, 1975|)
MY wRÁvmv
†kL gywRe Zvi gwbe i“k-fviZ A¶ kw³i g`‡` cyó n‡q GB RvwZi ¯‹‡Ü
†h wbg©g ˆ¯^iZ‡š¿i RMÏj cv_i Pvwc‡q †`q, wbqgZvwš¿K cš’vq Zvi
Aemvb NUv‡bv wQj Am¤¢e Ges AKíbxq| evsjvi AwgZ †ZRx, wPi RvMÖZ
I gyw³cvMj gvbyl hLb GKw`‡K i“× Av‡µv‡k dzumwQj Ges Ab¨w`‡K GB
kvmi“×Ki Ae¯’vi nvZ †_‡K gyw³i AvKzwZ wb‡q Avj­vni `iev‡i AvnvRvwi
KiwQj, wVK ZLwb BwZnv‡m gnvb wec­e msNwUZ nq| m~wPZ nq BwZnv‡mi
beZi Aa¨vq| wKš‘ Zvici, ZviciI MY gvby‡li Aš—‡i e‡q †Mj Abš—
wRÁvmv| †m wRÁvmvi Reve nq‡Zv †KD †c‡q‡Qb A_ev cvbwb| wKš‘
gyw³‡hv×v †gRi Rwj‡ji wRÁvmv, GKwU MY wRÁvmv G wRÁvmvi Reve
†`‡e †K?
Ò¯^vaxbZvi 17 eQi c‡iI Avgvi gZ GKRb mvaviY jovKz gyw³‡hv×vi g‡b
G cÖkœ¸‡jv wbf„‡Z DuwK-SzuwK gv‡i G Kvi‡YB †h, 25 gvP© †mB fqvj iv‡Zi
wnsmª †Qve‡ji mv‡_ mv‡_B c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Awaevmx Ges c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b
wbe©vwPZ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi msm` m`m¨eM© wK K‡i cvwK¯—v‡bi kΓ wn‡m‡e
cwiwPZ fvi‡Zi gvwU‡Z Avkªq MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Qz‡U †h‡Z cvij? †Kvb mvn‡m,
wKsev †Kvb Av¯—vi Dci fi K‡iB ev Zviv `‡j `‡j fvi‡Zi gvwU‡Z wM‡q
ûgwo †L‡q coj? Zvn‡j wK †MvUv e¨vcviwUB wQj c~e© cwiKíxZ? Zvn‡j
wK ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax e‡j cwiwPZ Bmjvgcš’x `j¸‡jvi k¼v Ges Abygvb
mZ¨ wQj? Zv‡`i k¼v Ges Abygvb hw` mZ¨B n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j †`‡k‡cÖwgK
Kviv? Avgiv gyw³‡hv×viv bv ivRvKvi-Avje`i wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ Zviv? G cÖ‡kœi
gxgvsmv Avgvi nv‡Z bq, m‡Z¨i DrNvUbB †Kej G cÖ‡kœi mwVK DËi wba©viY
Ki‡e| (†gRi (Aet) Gg G Rwjj : Aiw¶Z ¯^vaxbZvB civaxbZv, c„t 7-8)
281
cwiwkó-8
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
we‡qvMvš—K cwiYwZ
cwðgv‡`i A‡b‡Ki wbKUB evi kÕ gvBj fviZxq f~-LÊ Øviv wef³ GKwU
wekvj I NbemwZm¤úbœ †`‡ki `ywU cÖ‡`‡ki Aw¯—‡Z¡i w`KwU eoB KwVb e‡j
we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q| AZtci 1970 mvj †_‡K GKUv DrKÉv wb‡q c~e© cvwK¯—
v‡bi wewQbœZvev`xcÖqvm j¶¨ Ki‡Qb hvÕ j¶ j¶ kiYv_©x‡`i fvi‡Z Mg‡b
eva¨ K‡i‡Q|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK Awek¦vm hvÕ 1971 mv‡j
fqven msNl© I i³cv‡Zi gva¨‡g P~ovš— ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q †mUv †gvnv¤§`
Avjx wRbœvn KZ…©K †`kwU Kv‡q‡gi ci 1947 mv‡j hLb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
bZzb †`kwUi ivRavbx ¯’vwcZ nq ZLb †_‡KB weivR Ki‡Q|
Gme NUbvi m‡½ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ A‡bK bvq‡Ki m‡½B cÖ‡dmi i“keªK
DBwjqvgm e¨w³MZfv‡e cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| cwðvgv‡`i g‡a¨ wZwbB wQ‡jb
Abb¨| Dciš— cvK-fviZ Dcgnv‡`k m¤^‡Ü wZwb wQ‡jb Mfxi Aa¨qb I
AwfÁZvm¤úbœ| wZwb Zuvi THE EAST PAKISTAN CRISIS cy¯—‡K
cvwK¯—v‡bi RvZxq msK‡Ui D™¢e, we¯—vi I Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q GKwU
fvimvg¨c~Y©| cÖgvY¨Zvm¤^wjZ I AZ¨vek¨Kxq NUbvejx Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|
cÖ‡dmi DBwjqv‡gi wek¦vm g‡Z, wZwb ¯^qs c~e© cvwK¯—vb I c~e© cvwK¯—vb
m¤ú‡K©i Ggb A‡bK w`‡Ki Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jv †mBme †jvK
e¨vcKZi Av‡eMcÖm~Z Av‡e`‡bi d‡j Kzqvkv”Qbœ n‡q c‡o‡Q huviv wb‡R‡`i
me©vwaK ¯^v‡_© wecixZ wKQz †P‡q‡Q †P‡q‡Q ¯^vaxb c~e©cvwK¯—vb‡K evsjv‡`‡k
iƒcvš—wiZ Ki‡Z|
Aby‡”Q` :1. XvKv I Gi cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ mvgwqKfv‡e 1jv gvP© 1971
RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb ¯’wM‡Zi cÖwZev‡` †kL gywReyi ingvb XvKv‡Z
GKwU niZvj AvnŸvb Ki‡jb| AvIqvgx jxM Kg©xiv A‡¯¿i Rb¨ bvqviqbMÄ
ivB‡dj K¬ve †NivI c~e©K jyU K‡i Ges msMÖvgx QvÎiv †mme ivB‡dj XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BKevj nj I RMbœv_ n‡j msiw¶Z iv‡L| G `yÕwU †K›`ª
†_‡K mk¯¿ `j¸‡jv AviI A¯¿ I hš¿PvwjZ hvb msMÖn K‡i Ges ejc~e©K
282
Av`vqK…Z A_© msM„nxZ nq| ivu‡Zi mgq e¨vcK AvKv‡i jyÉb Kg© I m¤úwË
aŸs‡mi hÁ P‡j| †mbvevwnbxi m`m¨iv †mbv e¨viv‡KB wb‡qvwRZ wQj|
mviv †`ke¨vcx †kL gywReyi ingvb GK mßv‡ni Rb¨ niZvj Wv‡Kb|
2iv gvP© `ywU A‡¯¿i †`vKvb †NivI K‡i jywÉZ nIqvi ci jywÉZ A¯¿ XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡q †bqv nq| mviv w`b wek¦we`¨vjq Pˇi cÖwk¶Yg~jK A¯¿Pvjbvi
AvIqvR kÖ“Z nq|
msNe× RbZv A¯¿ I †jŠni wkKmn wRbœvn G¨v‡fwbD I evqZzj †gvKvii‡gi
e¨emvwqK cÖwZôvbmg~n Avµgb K‡i| (dvg©) †MU¯’ `ywU e¨w³ gvwjKvaxb
M„‡ni gZ †nv‡Uj kvwjgvi I ¸wj¯—vb wm‡bgv njI Avµvš— nq Ges R¡vwj‡q
†`Iqv nq| Qv·`i wewfbœ Ask cvwK¯—v‡bi cZvKv cywo‡q †`q| cywjk
Kg©KZ©viv Rvbvb| Zuviv Zuv‡`i †jvK‡`i MY-DÌvb cÖwZnZ Ki‡Yi cÖ‡kœ
wek¦vm Ki‡Z cviwQj bv e‡j †emvgwiK KZ…©c¶ mvgwiK evwnbxi mnvqZv
Kvgbv KiwQj| mvܨ AvBb Rvix n‡jv Ges †mbvevwnbx‡K gq`v‡b bvgvb
nÔj| m`i Nv‡U GKwU mvgwiK UªvK Avµvš— n‡j ¸wj‡Z QqRb `vsMKvix
wbnZ n‡jv| Aci GK msNeÜ RbZv †Uwjwfkb †K›`ª AvµgY Kij Ges
Abyiƒcfv‡e mvgwiK evwnbxi †Mvjv¸wj‡Z Aci GKRb gyZ…¨eiY Kij|
e¨vcKfv‡e mvܨAvBb f½ n‡Z jvMj| mvivivZ Pjj AvwMœms‡hvM I jyU-
cvU|
3iv gvP© : msNe× RbZvi AvBb f½ I mš¿vmx Kg©KvÛ Bmjvgcyi, cvUzqvUzwj
I bIqvecyimn XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ Dckn‡i Qwo‡q co‡jv †`vKvb-cvU,
evwYwR¨K Kvh©vjqmg~n Ges wewfbœ e¨w³gvwjKvbvaxb evoxNi jywÉZ I
AwMœms‡hvwRZ nIqvi m‡½ 5 Rb n‡jb wbnZ 62 Rb n‡jb AvnZ| †kL
gywReyi ignvb Òevsjv‡`‡ki MYgvby‡li AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU
†emvgwiK ev MY Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi †NvlYv w`‡jb| ¯‹zj-K‡jRmg~n me
eÜ n‡q †Mj XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi AwaKvsk Kg©Pvix I QvÎ wek¦we`¨vjq Z¨vM
Kij Ges _vKj †Kej †ek wKQz msL¨K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi hy× evRKg©x
(e¯‘Zt Giv AwaKvskB wQj evgcš’x Ges †KD †KD wQj AvIqvgx jx‡M
AbycÖ‡ekKvix mš¿vmev`x Kg©x)| beZi evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq mw½Z cÖPv‡ii
Rb¨ eva¨ Kiv nj|
283
4Vv gvP© : bIqvecyi I avbgwÛ‡Z jyÉb Pjj| Aci GKwU A‡¯¿i †`vKvbI
jywÉZ nÕj| (PÆMÖvg I Lyjbvq bZzb K‡i gvivZ¥K me wnsmvZ¥K Kg©KvÊ ïi“
n‡jvÑ wb‡P †`Lyb)|
5B gvP© : †Uwj‡dvb I †UwjMÖvd wefv‡Mi Kg©xiv hviv evsjv‡`‡ki
wewfbœ¯’v‡bi g‡a¨ Ges cwðg cvwK¯—vbmn ewnwe©‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡ki m‡½
†hvMv‡hvM cwiPvjbvi KvR K‡ib Zuviv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wb‡`©‡k Kg© weiwZ
cvjb K‡i Pjj&| hy× evR QvÎiv weªwUk KvDwÝj AvµgY Ki‡j mvgwiK
evwnbxi m`m¨iv h_vmg‡q †mLv‡b †cuŠ‡Q AvµgYKvix‡`i Zuvwo‡q w`j|
6B gvP© : †K›`ªxq KvivMvi †fs‡M K‡q`xiv †Rj †_‡K cvwj‡q †Mj|
Kvivi¶x‡`i ¸wj‡Z mvZRb gviv †Mj| mv‡R©›U I QqRb Kvivi¶x AvnZ
n‡jb| cjvZK K‡q`xiv I AvIqvgx jxM Kg©xiv GK‡Î †kvfvhvÎv K‡i
XvKvgq ivóª we‡ivax †k­vMvb w`‡Z †`Lv †Mj| miKvix ˆeÁvwbK M‡elYvMvi
AvµgY K‡i mKj we‡ùviK `ªe¨ I gvivZ¥K ai‡bi GwmWmg~n jyÉb Kij|
Abyiƒcfv‡e GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ msNe× RbZv cwj‡UKwbK Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Dci
PovI n‡jv| wKš‘ mvgwiK evwnbxi mg‡qvwPZ c`‡¶‡ci d‡j Zviv †K‡U
c‡o|
7B gvP© : GKwU mgvš—ivj miKvi cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †kL gywReyi ingvb Zuvi
cwiKíbv †NvlYv Ki‡jb Ges U¨v· cwi‡kva bv Kivi Rb¨ wb‡`©k †`b,
wb‡`©k †`b mKj miKvix Awdm I Av`vjZ eÜ ivLvi Rb¨ Ges mKj wk¶v
cÖwZôvb eÜ ivL‡Z; mKj msev`cÎ, wU.wf, †iwWI †÷kb‡K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
wb‡`©‡k cy•Lvbycy•Liƒ‡c AbymiY Ki‡Z ejv nq, c~e©cvwK¯—v‡bi wewfbœ
e¨vs‡Ki kvLv †_‡K cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi kvLv mg~‡n A_©¯’vbvš—i e‡Üi wb‡`©k
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_vbv, mve-wWwfkb I †Rjv wec­ex KvDwÝj msMwVZ Ki‡Yi Av‡`kRvix Kiv
nj| †iwWI cvwK¯—vb fe‡bi Dci we‡ùviK wb‡¶c Kiv nj| Qv·`i
wewfbœ `j mvaviY gUi hvb, wRc, wcK-Avc, UªvK I gvB‡µvevm BZ¨vw`
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8B gvP© : miKvix Awdm n‡Z AvIqvgx jxMviiv jvB‡mÝ avix‡`i bvg
msM„nxZ nIqvi ci Zuv‡`i wbKU n‡Z mKj A¯¿k¯¿ ejc~e©K wQwb‡q †bq|
XvKvi wewfbœ GjvKvq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi hy×evR Kg©x‡`i mgš^‡q bvbv mfv I
†kvfvhvÎv AbyywôZ n‡Z †`Lv †Mj| evsjv‡`‡ki evwn‡iÓ A_© ¯’vbvš—‡ii
284
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m¤úv`K ZvRywÏb Avn‡g` KZ©„K e¨vL¨v we‡k­l‡Yi welq Rbm¤§y‡L AeMZ
K‡ib|
gvP©-9 : XvKvi wewfbœ GjvKvq AvIqvgx jxMviiv †PK-c‡q›U m„wó Kij,
cw_K‡`i †`n/Zj­vmx Ki‡Z jvMj Ges A_© †K‡o †bqv nw”Qj| GB cÖwµqv
cieZ©x wKQzw`b Pjj Ges gymwjg jxM cvwK¯—vb mg_©K e‡j m‡›`n nq Ggb
e¨w³‡`i cÖwZ jvÃbv I fqfxwZ cÖ`k©‡bi ¯—i ch©š— †cuŠQ‡jv| cieZ©x ch©v‡q
Qv·`i wec­ex KvDwÝj ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb †h, A‡bK A-Aby‡gvw`Z e¨w³
e¨w³MZ evmv-fvox †NivI K‡i A_© Av`vq KiwQj| GKUv AwbwðZ
we”Q„•Ljv I mš¿vm XvKv knigq wQj weivRgvb| †hme RbZv XvKv kni
Z¨vM Kivi †Póv KiwQj Zuv‡`i‡K euvav †`Iqv n‡jv Ges Zuviv n‡jv
wbcxo‡bi wkKvi| KvKivB‡ji wbK‡U GK miKvix Awd‡m G¨wmW wb‡¶c
Kiv nq| †ijI‡q †Uªb †_‡K hvÎx‡`i‡K †ij †ók‡b bvwg‡q Zuv‡`i‡K cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡bi mg_©K Awfhy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
14B gvP© : †kL gywReyi ingvb bZzb †h me wb‡`©kRvix K‡ib| Gm‡ei
GKwU wQj wWcywU Kwgkbvi I gnKzgv nvKxg‡K ¯’vbxq AvIqvgx jxM wec­ex
KvDw݇ji m‡½ nv‡Z nvZ wgwj‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| †`q wewfbœ Kvóg wWDwU
†K›`ªxq miKvi‡ii c‡¶ Rgv bv K‡i `ywU cÖvB‡fU e¨vs‡Ki bv‡g Rgv Ki‡Z
ejv nj|
15B gvP© : XvKv¯’ AvIqvgx jxM G¨vKkb KwgwU eiviei U¨v· Rgv †`qvi
Rb¨ ejv nj| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi me©Î-kn‡i I kn‡i G¨vKkb KwgwU MwVZ
n‡qwQj GRb¨ †h, hv‡Z miKvix KZ©„Z¡ cÖwZôvq mvgwiK evwnbxi cÖqv‡m euvav
†`qv hvq|
17B gvP© : mš¿vm, G¨vwmW wb‡¶c I jyÉb Ae¨vnZ Pjj| e¨vcK mš¿vm I
ûgKx-agKxi f‡q A‡bK †emvgwiK bvMwiK wbR wbR evox-Ni Z¨vM Ki‡Z
jvMj| XvKvi AvwRgcyi miKvix Awd‡mi †fZ‡i `ywU G¨vwm‡Wi †evZj
wbw¶ß nj| gwZwS‡ji †m›Uªvj MfvY©‡g›U nvB¯‹z‡j `je×fv‡e cÖ‡ek K‡i
Z_vKvi G¨vwmW I ivmvqb c`v_©mg~n wb‡q †bqv nq|
gvP© : 19 GKwU mvgwiK hvb hv, gqgbwmsn n‡Z wbqwgZ mdi Kv‡j GKwU
†ijµwms Gi wbKU †Mvc‡b ivLv n‡qwQj †mwU‡K Zuvi QqRb hvÎx I A¯¿mn
¸g K‡i|
285
gvP©-23 : cvwK¯—vb w`e‡m cvwjZ n‡q‡Q cÖwZ‡iva w`em †hLv‡b gyw³hy‡×i
m‡½ mswk­ó Avav-mvgwiK evwnbx I cÖv³b Kg©Pvixiv c¨v‡i‡W I gvP©dvó-G
AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q| BgviZmg~n n‡Z cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv bvwg‡q evsjv‡`‡ki
cZvKv DÇxb Kiv nq| ZLb AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i hviv we‡ivax Zuv‡`i m‡½
evKweZÛv ïi“ nq| GKwU mk¯¿ KzPKvIqvR †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi evoxi
evwn‡i AbywôZ nq| †mLv‡b wZwb Awfev`b MÖnY K‡ib Ges Òevsjv‡`‡ki
cZvKvÓ AvbyôvwbK fv‡e D‡Ëvjb K‡ib| wewfbœ QvÎ MÖ“c e¨emvqx‡`i
AcniY Kivi ci c‡bi A_© Av`v‡qi c‡i †Q‡o w`‡Z †`Lv †M‡Q|
ewnM©gbKvix hvÎx‡`i cÖwZ XvKv wegvb e܇i cv_i wb‡¶c Ki‡Z
†`Lv‡M‡Q|
24†k gvP© : mvgwiK evwnbxi m`m¨‡`i‡K cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ RbZv‡K A¯¿
ai‡Z Ges mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g N‡i N‡i cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖ¯‘Z nIqvi Av‡`k
†`qvi cÖ‡qvR‡b mviv XvKvq †jwLZ I mvB‡K¬v÷vBj †cv÷vi I wjd‡jU
cÖPvwiZ nq|
25 †k gvP© : BwÄwbqvwis K‡jRmn XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BKevj I RMbœv_
n‡j e¨vcK msL¨vq G¨vwmWe¤^ cÖ¯‘Z n‡Z jvMj| kn‡ii A‡bK As‡kB
e¨wi‡KW iPbv I moK eÜ K‡i †`qv nÕj| †kL gywReyi ingvb Zuvi Ab¨vb¨
Kg©KZ©v mn cÖavb †mbvcwZ I wb‡qvM Ki‡jb|
25-26†k gvP© : †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb †mbvevwnbx‡K miKvix KZ©„Z¡ cÖwZôv
Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡jb|
Aby‡”Q` : 2 XvKvi evwn‡i : h‡kvi
3iv gvP© : †gvUv jvwV‡kvUv I ej­gmn mw¾Z msNe× RbZv †Uwj‡dvb
G·‡PÄ AvµgY K‡i| wKš‘ MvW©‡`i ¸wj‡Z `yBRb g„Zz¨eiY K‡i Ges
bqRb AvnZ nq|
4Vv gvP© : wWcywU Kwgkbvi Awdm †NivI Kiv nq| cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv wQbœ wfbœ
Kiv nq wb‡¶c Kiv nq n¨vÛ †MÖ‡bW Lyjbv n‡Z AvMZ GKwU †Uªb‡K
†ijP~¨Z Kiv nq Ges hvÎx‡`i‡K †ei K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
16B gvP© : PjwQj mš¿v‡mi ivRZ¡| A‡bK †evgv I †MÖ‡bW wbw¶ß nq|
ivR›`ª K‡jR I.wUwm-Gi A¯¿ fvÛvi AvµgY K‡i `kwU ivB‡dj I 15wU
e¨vq‡bU ejc~e©K †K‡o †bqv nq| ei¸bv‡Z cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv R¡vwj‡q †`Iqv
286
nq| AvIqvgx jxMiiv cwiw¯’wZ Zv‡`i m¤ú~Y© wbqš¿‡Y wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki
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17-19B gvP© : we`y¨r Drcv`b †K›`ª aŸsm Kiv nq Ges we`y¨r mieivn
e¨vnZ nq, h‡kvi-Lyjbv †iv‡Wi KZK ¯’v‡b m„wó Kiv nq cÖwZeÜKZv| fviZ
†_‡K weivU msL¨K A‡¯¿i Pvjvb mvZ¶xiv mxgvš— w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i| mvgwiK
evwnbxi AvMgb cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ mwµq cÖ¯‘wZ †bqv nq|
Lyjbv
4Vv gvP© : GKwU mk¯¿ msNeÜ RbZv Øviv †Uwj‡dvb G·‡PÄ Avµvš— nq
Ges Aev½vjx Kg©Pvix‡`i‡K ee©iZvi m‡½ wcwU‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq|
5B gvP© : ej­g, †MÖ‡bW I jvwV-‡kvVv mw¾Z msNe× RbZv 57Rb
Aev½vjx‡K nZ¨v K‡i hv‡`i KwZ©Z †`nve‡kl `„ó nq| A‡bK †`vKvb jywÉZ
nq †nv‡Uj nq AwMœ`M×| mse× RbZv A‡¯¿i †`vKvb jyU Ki‡Z †M‡j ¸wj
Pvwj‡q Aev½vjx gvwjK †mUv e¨_© K‡i †`q| g„Zz¨gy‡L cwZZ nq 1Rb AvnZ
nq 5Rb `vsMvKvix|
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Ges cvjv‡Z cv‡i bvB Zv‡`i‡K cybivq AvµgY Kiv nj|
18B gvP© : ¯’vbxq Avwg© K¨v‡¤ú `ywU †MÖ‡bW Qzov nq|
PÆMÖvg
1jv gvP©ÑAb¨vb¨ mgq : c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi GB GKgvÎ Mfxi mgy`ªMvgx mgy`ª
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AvµgY K‡i| 700 evm M„n Av¸‡b R¡vwj‡q †`Iqv nq Ges †mLv‡b hviv
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5B gvP© : Aev½vjx‡`i Qzwo gviv I Zuv‡`i M„nvw` cywo‡q †`qv Ae¨vnZ iBj|
mvgwiK evwnbxi m`m¨iv GwcÖ‡ji w`‡K hLb AvBb-k„•Ljv cybtcÖwZôv Kij
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287
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cÖwZnZ Ki‡Yi Rb¨ mse× Avµg‡Yi GKUv AhynvZ nj| KZK gvivZ¥K
msNl© I NU‡jv|
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28‡k gv‡P©i iv‡Z cÖ`wk©Z ÔwW-†WÕ n‡ZB e›`i eÜ K‡i †`Iqvi Rb¨ e¨vcK
cÖwZeÜKZv ¯’vcb Kiv nw”Qj/gwnjv, cyi“l I wkïmn 1000 GiI †ekx
Aev½vjx knx` n‡q‡Qb e‡j wnmve †_‡K cvIqv hvq| VvÊv gv_vq Aev½vjx
e›`i kªwgK‡`i nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj| B¯úvnvbx RyU wgj&m we‡bv`b K¬v‡e
152Rb gwnjv I wkï‡K g¯—KPz¨Z Kiv n‡qwQj| mvgwiK evwnbxi m`m¨iv
†`‡L‡Q Zv‡`i i³v³ e¯¿ Ges Ôi³ Øviv Zv‡`i ev”Pv‡`i †Ljbvmg~n I
g„Z‡`n GKvKvi n‡q †h‡Z|
gqgbwmsn, e¸ov I ivRkvnx
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jyUcvU, AwMœms‡hvM I nZ¨vKvÊ cwiPvjbv Kiv nw”Qj e¨vcKfv‡e| ˆmq`cyi
†mbvwbev‡m AwMœms‡hvM Kiv n‡qwQj| e¸iv †Rjvi mvš—vnv‡i 15000-GiI
AwaK Aev½vjx‡K GKwÎZ K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zv‡`i gwnjv‡`i‡K
Dj½ K‡i ivRc_ mg~‡n nvU‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| gqgbwms‡ni kvbKxcvovq
Aev½vjx cwiev‡ii 2000 cyi“l‡K M„n †_‡K wb‡q nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj Ges
Zuv‡`i Rb¨ Kei Lb‡b Zuv‡`i gwnjv‡`i eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKRb mvnmx
Av‡jg 1500-Gi AwaK weaev I GqvZxg Aev½vjx‡K GK gmwR‡` Avkªq
w`‡q wQ‡jb Ges wZwb msNe× D‡ËwRZ RbZv‡K wZi¯‹vi K‡i‡Qb hv‡`i
g‡a¨ Lyb P‡owQj| ivRkvnx‡Z gnvbMixi g¨vwR‡÷ªU Awdm cywo‡q †`Iqv
nq Ges UvDb n‡j evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
Kg©Pvix-Kg©KZ©v‡`i fvBm P¨vÝji mv‡ne I Ab¨vb¨ ev½vjx wk¶Kiv GB
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288
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`wj‡ji c~Y© e³e¨ 5B AvM‡÷i †k¦Zc‡Îi 47-63 c„ôvq gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q| Kv‡ji eoai‡bi ee©iZvmg~n (†k¦ZcÎ, c„ôv, 64-69)
Gi j¶¨ wQj miKvi KZ…©K msL¨v¸i“ `‡ji Dc‡`k Abyhvqx Mfb©i wbhy³ †Rjv ZvwiL (1971) NUbv :B÷‡e½j †iwR‡g›U (B.we.Avi) B÷
n‡j Ges Mfb©i Zuvi Awd‡mi `vwqZ¡fvi MÖnY Ki‡j †m ZvwiL †_‡K mvZ PÆMÖvg GjvKv cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm (B.wc.Av) I AvIqvgx
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XvKv‡Z GKwU kvmbZvwš¿K Kb‡fbk‡b em‡eb Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ GKwU kniZjx¸‡jv ZvÛe jxjv Pvwj‡q‡Q| PÆMÖvg
kvmbZš¿ iPbv Ki‡eb| Abyiƒc fv‡e cwðg cvwK¯—vb ivóª n‡Z wbe©vwPZ AvIqvgx jxM Kvh©vj‡qi m¤§y‡L GKwUmn
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kvmbZš¿ iPbvq em‡eb| e¨wZµg wQj K‡ii welqwU †hUv eoB mZK©Zvi I ev”Pv‡`i cwiKwíZ Dcv‡q nZ¨v Kiv
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Ôevsjv‡`kÕ c~Y© wbqš¿Y jvf K‡i hv‡Z evsjv‡`k ïay P¨v·-Av‡ivc, ˆe‡`wkK †`n †_‡K wmwiÄ w`‡q i³ †ei K‡i †bqv
gy`ªv, e¨vsKmg~n wbq‡š¿i ¶gZvB jvf bv K‡i eis †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii cÖwZ nZ (10,000-12,000) wbnZ nq|
ZZUzKz U¨v·B w`‡Z eva¨ nq hZUzKz w`‡Z ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡e| hLb evsjv‡`k 27‡k gvP© Dmgvbxqv M­vm cwðg cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK Kg©Pvix wbh©vwZZ I
I cwðg cvwK¯—vb ivóªmg~‡ni kvmbZš¿mg~‡ni Lmov iwPZ I M„nxZ n‡e IqvK©m wbnZ nq (17 Rb)|
ZLb Ôevsjv‡`kÕ I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b ivóªmg~n n‡Z RvZxq cwil‡`i wbe©vwPZ 19B GwcÖj B¯únvbx RyU gwnjv I wkï‡`i ee©‡ivwPZ fv‡e nZ¨v Kiv
m`m¨iv ÔcvwK¯—vb Kb‡dWv‡ik‡biÕ Rb¨ kvmbZš¿ iPbvq AwfcÖv‡q GKwÎZ wgjm& I Av‡kcv‡k n‡q‡Q| cwðg cvwK¯—vbx Kg©KZ©v I kªwgK ¸g
n‡e| I AcüZ n‡q‡Q| (nZvnZ cÖvq 1000 Rb)
ev¯—‡e hw` Gme c`‡¶c cÖ‡qvM Kiv nZ, Z‡e Kv‡q`-B-Avhg †gvnv¤§` 27/28 GwcÖj wgj PËi Avµvš— nq Ges †ek wKQ~msL¨K
Avjx wRbœvni Ae`vb cvwK¯—vb Gi Aw¯—Z¡ nvivÕZ| nvwdR RyU wgj&m Kg©Pvix wbnZ nq| gvwj‡Ki evox cywo‡q
GB †NvlYvcÎ iPbv K‡i Ges †mUv 48 NÈvi g‡a¨ Rvix Kivi `„p B”Qv e¨³ †`Iqv nq| mKj cvwievwiK m`m¨ B›`‡b
K‡i AvIqvgx jxM I Gi †bZ…eM© : cwiYZ nq †e‡P wQj GKRb AcÖvß eq¯‹
1| AvBbMZ AeKvVv‡gv Av‡`‡ki weavbvejx n‡Z mi‡Z Pvw”Qj †hUvi wkï| aviYv Kiv nq GLv‡b wbnZ n‡q‡Q 150
Dc‡i RvZxq I cÖv‡`wkK wbe©vP‡b wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e Zuv‡`i Rb|
ˆeaZv wbf©ikxj wQj| ZvwiL (1971) GjvKv NUbv : Gm A‡j e¨vcK AvKv‡i jyÉb,
2| m‡i hvw”Qj Qq`dv n‡Z †hUv‡K Zviv wb‡RivB Zuv‡`i bZzb kvmbZ‡š¿i 26-30 GwcÖj AwMœms‡hvM I nZ¨v Pvjvb nq| gwnjv‡`i
fxwË n‡e e‡j wba©viY K‡iwQ‡jb| KY©dzwj †ccvi I †iIb wewfbœ evox‡Z Zvjve× K‡i ivLv n‡qwQj,
3| wbe©vPKgÛjx Zv‡`i cÖwZ Av¯’v‡K cÖZvwiZ KiwQj, KviY, Zuviv Qq wgj&m P›`ª‡Nvbv I cieZ©x‡Z Zuv‡`i D×vi Kiv nq| al©Y I
`dvi wfwˇZB AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i wbe©vwPZ K‡iwQ‡jb Ges me©vwaK Av‡kcv‡k ee©iZvi Aeb©bxq Kvwnbx Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q|
k¦vqZ¡kvm‡bi welqwUI wQj cvwK¯—v‡bi msnwZi m‡½ mvgÄm¨kxj| GLv‡b wbnZ nq 2000 Rb|

289 290
 27-30 GwcÖj iv½vgwU¯’ mKj cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i‡K
iv½vgvwU GKwÎZ K‡i AZ¨vPvi Kivi ci nZ¨v Kiv
nq| `yÕGKRb Rxe‡bi i¶v cvq| GLv‡b
wbn‡Zi msL¨v 500|
†Rjv 29-30 gvP© NUbv : we‡`ªvnx B.wc.Avi. evwnbxi m`m¨iv
h‡kvi SzgSzgcyi mKj wenvix RbZv‡K mvaviYfv‡e nZ¨v
K‡jvbx K‡i| gwnjv I wkï‡`i bivB‡ji w`‡K wb‡q
hvIqv nq| cÖvq 400-500 gwnjv‡K
AcniY K‡i b`x c‡_ fvi‡ZI cvPvi Kiv
n‡qwQj| gbyl¨ gv_vi _ywj I Ab¨vb¨ Ask
me©Î Qwo‡q _vK‡Z †`Lv hvq| GLv‡b 3000
AevOvjx‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq Ges ¸g Kiv nq
2000 Rb‡K|
29-30 gvP© Szgcyi K‡jvbxi gvbyl GB K‡jvbx‡Z Avkªq
ivg bMi K‡jvbx wb‡qwQj| GUv‡ZI AwMœms‡hvwRZ Kiv nq|
(150 GiI AwaK msL¨K AevOvjx‡K nZ¨v
Kiv nq Ges Avkªq †bq 448 Rb `y¯—
wkwe‡i)
30 gvP© AvIqvgx jxM †¯^”Qv‡meK I we‡`ªvnx
ZvivMÄ K‡jvbx B.wc.Avi Gi m`m¨iv m¤ú~Y© K‡jvbxUv‡KB
aŸsm K‡i| mvgvb¨ K‡qKRbB †e‡PwQj|
mKj evox aŸsm n‡q wM‡qwQj| (cÖvq 500
wbnZ 400 ¸g)
30 gvP©-5 GwcÖj GjvKvwUi cÖvq mKj RbmsL¨v D‡”Q`K…Z
nvwg`cyi AvgevMb, nq| M„n¸‡jv cÖ_gZt jwÉZ AZtci cywo‡q
evPvPi Ges cyivb Kmev, †`Iqv nq| wbnZ I ¸g nq 1000, nvmcvZv‡j
h‡kvi kni ¯’vbvš—wiZ nq 175 Ges `y¯— wkweimg~‡n
¯’vbvš—wiZ nq 172 Rb|
30 gvP©-5 GwcÖj bi, bvix I wkïiv wbh©vZb I nZ¨vi wkKvi
†gveviKMÄ nq| Zuv‡`i M„nmg~n nq jywÉZ Ges
AwMœms‡hvwRZ| GLv‡b wbn‡Zi msL¨v 200
291
Ges ¯’vbvš—wi‡Zi msL¨v AwaK nvmcvZv‡j-
10 Ges `y¯— wkweimg~‡n 27 Rb|
30 gvP©-5 GwcÖj GLv‡b †ek wKQz GjvKv Avµvš—, gwnjviv
KvjxMÄI awl©Z wkï I cyi“liv wbnZ nq| msNwUZ nq
e¨vcK jyÉb I AwMœms‡hvM| GLv‡b wbnZ
300 Ges ÎvY wkwe‡i-132 ¯’vbvš—wiZ nq|
30 gvP©-10 GwcÖj hÎZÎ nZ¨v I AwMœms‡hvM| GLv‡b wbnZ-200,
†KvUPvbcyi AvnZ-5, ÎvY wkwe‡i-55 ¯’vbvš—wiZ nq|
30 gvP© wec­ex KvDw݇ji †¯^”Qv‡meKiv c~e© wba©vwiZ
ZmweWv½v wKQz evox AvµgY K‡i cyi“l I e„× gwnjv‡`i
nZ¨v K‡i hyeZx‡`i niY K‡i| GLv‡b wbn‡Zi
msL¨v cÖvq-200, ÎvY wkwe‡i-72 ¯’vbvš—wiZ nq|
30 gvP©-10 GwcÖj cvVvbiv wQ‡jb ee©iZvi cÖavb j¶¨|
bovBj bivB‡ji me©Î n‡Z Zv‡`i‡K GKwÎZ K‡i
ee©iZvi m‡½ nZ¨v Kiv nq| gwnjv wbnZ I
wkïmn wbnZ cvVvb‡`i msL¨v 60-70 Rb|
25 gvP©-4 GwcÖj AvIqvgx †¯^”Qv‡meKiv A‡bK evoxNi
wRbvq`n gnKzgv AvµgY K‡i j~Éb K‡i Ges AwMœms‡hvM
NUvq| hvb I gv‡ji eo ai‡Yi ¶wZ N‡U|
GLv‡b wbnZ nq 250 Gi AwaK, ¸g-50 I
nvmcvZv‡j 10|
†Rjv 28-29 gvP© NUbv :
Lyjbv Lyjbv kni/ AvavmvgwiK evwnbxi mKj cÖwk¶Y Lyjbvq
wµ‡m›U RyU AbywôZ nq| Z_vKw_Z cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
wgj&m, `vjvj‡`i wei“‡× cwiKwíZ nZ¨v I
Lvwjkcyi, óvi AwMœms‡hvM NUvb nq| M„nmg~n aŸsm Kiv nq
RyU wgj&m Puv` Ges e¨vcK nZ¨vKvÊ Pvjvb nq| cÖ_gZt
gnj Zv‡`i AZ¨vPvi Kivi ci g¯‘KPz¨Z Kiv
nZ| wb®úvc wkïI gwnjv‡`i iv¯—vq †U‡b
wb‡q nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| hviv †e‡P †M‡Qb
292
 e‡j fvmgvb †`Lv hvw”Qj Zv‡`i A‡b‡Ki
hK…Z †`n †_‡K †ei n‡q c‡owQj gv‡Qiv
†m¸‡jv Lvw”Qj, †m¸‡jv‡KB Avevi Mfxi
b`xi R‡ji w`‡K †V‡j †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv
n‡Z ZLb jvjLyb †ei n‡q cvwb jv‡j jvj
n‡q PjwQj| wgjmg~‡ni m¤úwËi e¨vcK
¶wZ nq| wKQz Awdmvi A‡_©i wewbg‡q
AvZ¥i¶v K‡i| wbn‡Zi msL¨v 5000|
28/29 gvP© `k nvRvi cÖvq AvIqvgx jxMKg©x‡`i Øviv
wbD K‡jvbx Lvwjmcyi Kv‡jvbxwU †NivIK…Z nq| Zv‡`i m‡½ we‡`ªvnx
cywjkivI AskMÖnY K‡i| Qq NÈviI AwaK
Lyjbv
mgq a‡i †Mvjv¸wj P‡j| GLv‡b wbnZ 300|
30 GwcÖj cwðg cvwK¯—vbx gnKzgv nvKxg‡K †MÖdZvi
K‡i ew›` wnmv‡e †bIqv nq| GjvKvwU‡Z
mvZ¶xiv gnvKzgv
e¨vcK nZ¨hÁ P‡j, P‡j ee©iZv I j~Éb|
Lyjbv
kniwU‡ZI e¨vcK j~Éb P‡j| GLv‡b
wbn‡Zi msL¨v 1000|
wenvix I cwðg cvwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨‡`i cÖwZ
Lyjbv 29 gvP©-10
wew¶ß †Mvjv¸wj P‡j| `xN© 13 w`b mš¿v‡mi
GwcÖj
ivRZ¡ Kv‡qg wQj| GLv‡b wbn‡Zi msL¨v
Kzwóqv kni
1000-1500|
26 gvP©-1jv GwcÖj wenvix I cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i‡K R‡ov K‡i
PzqvWv½v, Kzwóqv G‡b nZ¨v Kiv nq| gwnjviv n‡qwQj AgvbwmK
wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi| cwðg cvwK¯—vbx gnKzgv
nvKxg mv‡ne‡K wbh©vZb Kiv nq Ges Zuvi ¯¿x‡K
Aš—tmË¡v Ae¯’vq †cUvb nq| GLv‡b wbn‡Zi
msL¨v 500 Ges 100 Rb‡K ¸g Kiv nq|
23 GwcÖj ¯’vbxq AcivaxPµ I we‡`ªvnx B.wc. Avi-iv
Rvdi Kvw›`, Kzwóqv wenvix K‡jvbx Avµgb K‡i| e¨vcK fv‡e
jyÉb‡bi ci K‡jvbxwU‡Z AwMœms‡hvM Kiv
nq| †KDB euvP‡Z cv‡ib bvB| gwnjv‡`i
al©Y K‡i †k‡l nZ¨v Kiv nq| KvwZ©Z ¯—b I
293
†ei nIqv D`imn Zuv‡`i g„Z †`n‡K c‡o
_vK‡Z †`Lv hvq| GLv‡b wbn‡Z msL¨v 500|
30 gvP©-13 GwcÖj `xN© `yB mßvn a‡i †g‡nicy‡i N‡U‡Q
‡g‡nicyi, Kzwóqv wRNvsmvc~Y© bi nZ¨v, AwMœms‡hvM I
ejvrKvi| GLv‡b wbnZ nq 600, ¸g nq
200 Ges nvmcvZv‡j bxZ nq 10|
†Rjv 26 gvP©-23 NUbv :
e¸ov GwcÖj AvIqvgx jxM †¯^”Qv‡meKiv †Rj fvs‡M Ges
e¸ov kni K‡q`x‡`i cjvq‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`q hv‡Z
Zviv mš¿vmx I j~Éb K‡g© AskMÖnY Ki‡Z
cv‡i| 7000 bi, bvix I wkï‡K †Rj Pˇi
¸i“-QvM‡ji gZ c~Y© Kiv nq| K_v wQj
wWbvgvBU w`‡q Zuv‡`i‡K Dwo‡q †`Iqv n‡e|
wKš‘ †mbvevwnbx mgq gZ Dcw¯’Z nIqvq
Zuviv gyw³ cvb| cÖZ¨¶`k©xiv e¨vcK nZ¨v,
al©b I AwMœms‡hvM NwU‡q‡Q e‡j
Rvwb‡q‡Qb| GLv‡b wbnZ nq 2000|
†Rjv ZvwiL (1971) NUbv :
GjvKv AvIqvgx mvOvZiv wenvix‡`i hvZvqv‡Z euvav
26 gvP©-22 †`Iqvi Rb¨ c‡_ cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó K‡i|
GwcÖj e¨vsK¸‡jv‡K K‡i jyU| ¸wj K‡i gvivi c~‡e©
bIMv/mvš—vnvi hyeZ©x bvix‡`i al©b Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Dj½
K‡i KzuPKvIqvR Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Zuv‡`i g„Z †`nmg~n kn‡ii me©Î Qwo‡q ivLv
n‡q‡Q| A‡bK‡K Rxeš— †cvovb nq|
wKQzmsL¨K gvbyl‡K †jvnvi †c‡iK Øviv
†M‡_ c‡i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq| GKRb
AvnZ †h †eu‡PwQj †m eY©bv K‡i gvÕ‡K Zuvi
ev”Pv‡`i Lybcvb Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
294
 wenvix RbmsL¨vi cÖvq mKj‡KB D‡”Q` Kiv K‡i fvi‡Z wb‡q hvIqv n‡qwQj| (wbnZ-
n‡q‡Q| (wbnZ-15000) cÖvq 5000)
†Rjv 23gvP©-10 NUbv : 28 gvP©-13 GwcÖj B.wc.Avi we‡`ªv‡ni m‡½ m‡½ mKj wenvix
cvebv GwcÖj †mbvevwnbxi m`m¨iv kni `Lj bv Kiv VvKziMuvI RbZv‡K DrLvZ Kiv nq| hyeZx evwjKv‡`i
cvebv kni ch©š— `xN© `yB mßvn a‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi AcüZ n‡Z nq| gwnjviv awl©Z nq Ges
mš¿v‡mi ivRZ¡ P‡j| (wbnZ-200) Aš—¯^Ë¡v gwnjv‡`i e¨qvb‡Ui †LuvwP‡q †LuvwP‡q
23 gvP©-10 GwcÖj `y®‹„wZKvixiv 350 Rb bi,bvix I wkï‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| gv‡qi Rovqy‡Z Aew¯’Z
wmivRMÄI GKwU `vjv‡b WywK‡q Av¸b jvwM‡q †`q| ev”Pv‡`i‡KI UzKiv UzKiv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Zuviv mevB wbnZ nb| g„Z‡`n ¸‡jv‡K Dj½ Ae¯’vq iv¯—v w`‡q †U‡b
10 GwcÖj †ijI‡q K‡jvbxi emevmKvix‡`i kvwš— †bIqv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b wbnZ nq 3000|
cvKmx KwgwU MV‡bi K_v e‡j GK ¯‹z‡j Ave× K‡i cveZ©xcyi, cÂMÖvg PiKvB we‡`ªvnx B.we.Avi-‡`i I AvIqvgx
¯‹zj BgviZwU‡Z AwMœms‡hvM Kiv nq| wbnZ dzjevox I wnwj| †¯^”Qv‡meK‡`i cÖavb j¶¨ wQj †ijI‡q
cÖvq-2000| K‡jvbx| RNb¨ ejvrKvi I nZ¨vKvÛ ïi“
Kivi c~‡e© Zviv Awaevmx‡`i mš¿¯— Kivi Rb¨
†Rjv ZvwiL (1971) NUbv : †MÖ‡bW, nvév †gwmbMvb I †QvUª †QvU A¯¿
iscyi GjvKv emevmKvix‡`i mn kZ kZ evoxNi B›`‡b e¨envi K‡i| hviv †eu‡P Av‡Qb Zuv‡`i
23-31 gvP© cwiYZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| (wbnZ : 100 I AwaK) wnmv‡e wbnZ-5000|
ˆmq`cyi †Rjv 18 gvP© 16 NUbv : cywjk I B.wc.Avi ev we‡`ªvn
23 gvP©-1 GwcÖj Z_vKvi kiYv_©x RbmsL¨vi A‡a©‡KiI AwaK ivRkvnx GwcÖj K‡i‡Qb| 1971 mv‡ji 16B GwcÖj
bxjdvgvix cÖvq 5000 †K ee©‡ivwPZ fv‡e aŸsm Kiv ivRkvnx †mbvevwnbxi †jvKiv kniwU‡K wbivc` bv Kiv
nq| GLv‡b wbn‡Zi msL¨v 2700 cÖvq| kni ch©š— cywjk I B.wc.Avi-‡`i m‡½ fviZxq
Aby‡cÖ‡ekKvixiv hÎZÎ nZ¨vKvÊ Pvjvq|
†Rjv ZvwiL (1971) NUbv : bv‡Uvi I mvi`v n‡ZI aŸsm h‡Ái Lei Avm‡Z
w`bvRcyi GjvKv B÷ †e½j †iwR‡g‡›Ui we‡`ªv‡ni m‡½ m‡½ jvMj| (wbnZ cÖvq- 2000)
28 gvP©-1 ee©iZv e„w× cvq Ges e¨vcK nZ¨vKvÊ ïi“ 27 gvP©-18 GwcÖj we‡`ªvnx B.wc.Avi-m`m¨iv fvi‡Zi
GwcÖj nq| bi,bvix I wkï‡`i wb`©q fv‡e Lyb Kiv bIqveMÄ AbycÖ‡ekKvix‡`i mg_©‡b cÖKv‡k¨ bIqveMÄ
w`bvRcyi kni nq| mvgvb¨ msL¨K hviv †eu‡P hvb Zuviv †Rj fvs‡M Ges K‡q`x‡`i gy³ K‡i †`q
wQ‡jb e„×v gwnjv I wkïiv| NUbvi Zv‡`i‡K mš¿v‡mi Kg©Kv‡Êi I AwMœms‡hv‡Mi
wkKvi‡`i g¯—K¸‡jv Mv‡Qi AMÖfv‡M Szwj‡q Rb¨ D¯‹vbx †`Iqv nq| GKRb †KivwY‡K
ivLv n‡qwQj| cÖvq 400 evwjKv AcniY †Kvgvi ch©š— †cv‡Z †djv nq| KviY wZwb

295 296
 evsjv‡`k‡K †g‡b †bb bvB| Zuv‡K †gvUv jvwV
Øviv †cUv‡bv nq| (†gvU nZvnZ 1000)
†Rjv ZvwiL (1971) NUbv :
Kzwgj­v GjvKv wenvix bi, bvix, I wkï‡`i GKwÎZ K‡i
14 gvP©- GKwU †R‡j AvUK Kiv nq Ges
18GwcÖj A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj Øviv ey‡jU we× K‡i
eªvþYevoxqv Zv‡`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv nh| 1971 mv‡ji
13B GwcÖj R‰bK we‡`ªvnx †Kv¤úvbx
KgvÛv‡ii wb‡`©‡k Z`iƒc Kiv nq|
GLv‡b wbnZ 500|
gqgbwmsn 27 gvP© B.we. Avi I B.wc. Avi-iv we‡`ªvn K‡i
gqgbwmsn Ges Zuviv Zuv‡`i cwðg cvwK¯—vbx
†mbvwbevm mnKg©x‡`iI evmM„n I e¨viv‡K Ae¯’vb-
Kvix‡`i‡K (Awdmvi mn) nZ¨v K‡i|
16/17 GwcÖj cÖv³b B.wc.Avi-iv g¨vwmbMvb mw¾Z n‡q
gqgbwmsn gqgbwmsn †RjLvbv †NivI K‡i Ges 17
Rb ewnivMZ hv‡`i‡K †mLv‡b
†ndvRZ‡Zi Rb¨ ivLv n‡qwQj Zuv‡`i‡K
¸wj K‡i gv‡ib|
17-20 GwcÖj Îvk m„wóKvix mse×RbZv ivB‡djmg~n
kvbKxcvov I Zievix, ej­g, Qzwo I Kv‡¯—mn kvbKxcvov
Ab¨vb¨ K‡jvbx Ges gqgbwmsn kn‡ii wbKU¯’ AviI
bqwU K‡jvbx AvµgY K‡i †mme GjvKvi
AwaKvsk gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i| wi‡cvU©
Abyhvqx wbnZ n‡q‡Q 5000| gwnjv‡`i
GKwÎZ K‡i GKwU gmwR‡` I ¯‹zj
wewìs-G †ndvR‡Zi Rb¨ ivLv n‡qwQj
Zv‡`i‡K cieZ©x‡Z 1971 Gi 21 GwcÖj
†mbvevwnbx kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i gy³ K‡i|
297
cwiwkó-10
†kL gywRe I gxiRvd‡ii Pzw³i mv`„k¨
gywRe-Bw›`ivi †Mvcb Pzw³
(1) evsjv‡`‡k fviZ Zvi B”QvgZ, Zvi cQ›`mB †jvK w`‡q cQ›`mB †bZ…Z¡
cvwV‡q GKwU mvgwiK evwnbx MVb Ki‡e, hviv Avš—R©vwZK †¶‡Î
AvavmvgwiK e‡j cwiwPZ n‡e, wKš‘ G‡`i‡K ¸i“‡Z¡i w`K †_‡K I
msL¨vi w`K †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki g~j mvgwiK evwnbx †_‡K eo Zvrch©c~Y©
ivLv n‡e|
(aviYv Kiv n‡”Q, GB evwnbxB n‡”Q i¶xevwnbx| fviZxq ˆm‡b¨i
†cvlvK, fviZxq †mbvbx gÛjxi †bZ…Z¡ I fvi‡Zi Awfi“wP Abyhvqx
we‡kl †kªYxi †jvK‡K kZKiv 80 Rb Ges Ôwe‡kl ev`Õ-Gi mg_©K 20
Rb K‡i wb‡q GB evwnbx M‡o †Zvjv n‡”Q| A¯¿, Mvox, †cvlvK,
my‡hvM-myweavi w`K w`‡q GB evwnbxwU g~j evwnbx‡K Qvwo‡q †M‡Q| G
evwnbx‡K e¨envi Kiv nB‡e ivR‰bwZK D‡Ï‡k¨| fviZ we‡ivax †Kvb
miKvi XvKvq ¶gZvq em‡jI G evwnbx w`‡q Zv‡K DrLvZ Kiv n‡e|
evsjv`‡ki Af¨š—‡i fviZ-we‡ivax ivRbxwZi mg_©K‡`i GB evwnbx
w`‡qB `gb Kiv n‡e| GB evwnbxi g‡a¨ fviZ‡cÖwgK we‡kl †kªYxi
†jv‡Kiv msL¨vMwiô nIqvq †Kvb w`b G‡`i‡K fv‡Zi wei“‡× jvMv‡bv
hv‡e bv| G‡`‡ki RbMY †Kvb w`b wec­‡e AeZxY© n‡j, i¶xevwnbxi
†cvlvK ¸‡Y fviZxq ˆmb¨iv jv‡L jv‡L i¶xevwnbx †m‡R G‡`‡ki
Af¨š—‡i RbMY‡K `gb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|)
(2) evsjv‡`k fvi‡Zi KvQ †_‡K †h mvgwiK mvnvh¨ wb‡q‡Q Zv cwi‡kva
Ki‡Z n‡e wewfbœ fv‡e t (K) fviZ Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb †`‡ki KvQ †_‡K
evsjv‡`k A¯¿ wKb‡Z cvi‡e bv| gv‡S gv‡S †NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e fviZ
†_‡K GZ †KvwU UvKvi A¯¿ †Kbv n‡jv| Gi `vg fviZB wVK K‡i
†`‡e| mieivn †`Iqv n‡e A‡a©K A¯¿| meivnK…Z A¯¿ I fviZ
B”QvgZ wbR †`‡k wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e|
298
 (A_©vr GKB A¯¿ evievi †`wL‡q 1971-Gi cvIbv Ges fvi‡Zi m¤ú~Y©
hy× LiP Av`vq Kiv n‡e| Af¨š—ixY †Mvj‡hvM `g‡bi Rb¨ mvaviY
A¯¿ Qvov †Kvb fvix A¯¿, mv‡Rvqv Mvox ev U¨vsK evsjv‡`k‡K †`Iqv
n‡e bv|)
(3) evsjv‡`‡ki ewne©vwYR¨ fvi‡Zi wbqš¿‡Y _vK‡e| fvi‡Zi AbygwZ Qvov
†Kvb cY¨ we‡`‡k idZvbx Kiv hv‡e bv| †Kvb cY¨ KZ `‡i evB‡i
idZvbx Ki‡Z n‡e fviZ †mB `i †eu‡a †`‡e| GBme cY¨ fviZ
wb‡RB wKb‡Z PvB‡j evsjv‡`k Avi Kv‡iv mv‡_ †m cY¨ wewµi K_v
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| evsjv‡`‡ki Avg`vbx ZvwjKv fvi‡Zi KvQ
†_‡K Aby‡gv`b Kwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
(evsjv‡`‡k we‡`kx cY¨ Avg`vbxi e¨vcv‡i fviZ D`vi _vK‡e, †h me
cY¨ fviZ‡KI Avg`vbx Ki‡Z nqÑ †m¸wj Avg`vbx Kiv‡bv n‡e
evsjv‡`k‡K w`‡q| evsjv‡`k Zvi ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi Znwej †f‡½ we‡`k
†_‡K †hme mvgMÖx Avg`vbx Ki‡e †m¸wj fviZ wb‡R Avg`vbx Ki‡e
bv| †PvivPvjv‡bi gva¨‡g fviZ evsjv‡`k †_‡K †mB gvj¸wj fviZxq
UvKvq †hvMvo Ki‡e| wejv‡Zi †m‡fb-I-K¬K †e­‡Wi †ejvq Gevi GUv
N‡U‡Q| fviZ †m‡fb-I-K¬K Avg`vbx K‡iwb| evsjv‡`k‡K w`‡q wecyj
cwigv‡Y A_©vr †`o †KvwU †e­W Avg`vbx Kwi‡q‡Q| GLb fviZ webv
LiPvq †mB †e­W †c‡q †M‡Q)|
(4) evsjv‡`‡ki evrmwiK I cÂevwl©K cwiKíbv¸wj fviZ‡K w`‡q
Aby‡gv`b Kwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
(evsjv‡`k †hb ¯^vej¤^x n‡Z bv cv‡i fviZ †mfv‡e cwiKíbv¸wj †K‡U
wQu‡o wVK Ki‡e| AvBq~ex Avg‡j evsjv‡`‡k cwKíbvi A_© e¨q n‡q‡Q
Drcv`bkxj Lv‡Z| fviZ evsjv‡`‡ki Dbœqb‡K Abyrcv`bkxj †i‡L
w`‡Z Pvq| B‡Zvg‡a¨ miKvi K…Z©K †NvwlZ evrmwiK Dbœqb Kg©m~wP I
ev‡R‡U GKB Ae¯’v †`Lv †M‡Q| AvMvgx gnvcwiKíbv GLb fvi‡Zi
Kv‡Q cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z n‡”Q| Zv‡ZI Abyrcv`bkxj LvZ cÖvavb¨
cv‡e|)
(5) evsjv‡`‡ki ci-ivóªbxwZ fvi‡Zi ciivóªbxwZi AbyeZ©x ivL‡Z n‡e|
Af¨š—ixY ivRbxwZi †¶‡Î fvi‡Zi civgk© MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
299
(6) evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi ga¨Kvi Pzw³¸wj evsjv‡`‡k GKZidvfv‡e
A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Z‡e fviZ G Pzw³¸wji Kvh©KvwiZv A¯^xKvi
bv Ki‡j ermi ermiv‡š— G Pzw³gvjv ejer _vK‡e|
(7) wW‡m¤^i hy‡×i Ae¨ewnZ c~‡e© ¯^v¶wiZ Pzw³wU‡Z ejv n‡qwQj †h,
fviZxq ˆmb¨iv †h †Kvb msL¨vq, †h‡Kvb mgq evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i
cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges evav cÖ`vbKvix †Kvb gnj‡K wbwðý K‡i
w`‡Z cvi‡e| fviZxq evwnbxi G ai‡bi Awfhv‡bi cÖwZ evsjv‡`k
miKvi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡”Q| fviZ Pzw³wU bvKP bv Ki‡j ermi ermiv‡š— G
Pzw³ ejer _vK‡e|
gyw³hy‡×i 9 gv‡m fviZ †gvUvgywU G ai‡bi Pzw³¸wj m¤úv`b K‡i| G
Pzw³‡Z ¯^v¶i w`‡qwQ‡jb ZvRywÏb Avng`iv| evsjv‡`k‡K †eKvq`v
Ae¯’vq †c‡q Ggwb VM I kVZvc~Y© Pzw³‡Z euvav n‡qwQj|
gxi Rvd‡ii Pzw³
†mB me©bvkx cjvwki K_v| mevB Rv‡bb, cjvkxi hy×Uv wQj GKUv
lohš¿g~jK hy×| beve wmiv‡Ri wei“‡× RMr‡kV, ivRej­e‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ my‡e
evOjvi wn›`y cÖav‡biv Ges ievU© K¬vB‡fi †bZ…‡Z¡ we‡`kx †ewbqv B÷ BwÛqv
†Kv¤úvbx gxiRvdi‡K mgv‡b †i‡L †h lohš¿ K‡iwQj, ZviB cwiYv‡g
msNwUZ n‡qwQj IB cjvkxi hy×| lohš¿ wQj wfZ‡i wfZ‡i, evB‡i wQj
beve wmiv‡Ri AZ¨vPvi AwePvi †_‡K my‡e evOjvi Ôgyw³Õi eywj| ejvevûj¨,
IB Z_vKw_Z Ôgyw³i Rb¨ Bs‡iR †ebxqv‡`i m‡½ gxiRvd‡ii Pzw³I
n‡qwQj| IB Pzw³‡Z `y‡qi g‡a¨ †jb-‡`b Gi K_vI wQj| GUv 1757
mv‡ji K_v| GB Pzw³i 214 eQi ci 1971 mv‡j GB evsjvqB Avi GKwU
hy× n‡qwQj hv Ôgyw³hy×Õ bv‡g cwiwPZ| e¨vcviUv meviB Rvbv| cvwK¯—
vbx‡`i AZ¨vPvi-AwePvi †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K Ôgyw³Õ †`qvi Rb¨B
msNwUZ n‡qwQj IB Ôgyw³hy×Õ GB hy‡× Bs‡iR †ewbqv‡`i ¯’v‡b wQj fvi‡Zi
†ewbqviv Avi gyw³hy‡×i cÖZxK †bZv wQ‡jb †kL gywRei ingvb| ZLbKvi
RMr†kV-ivRej­f‡`i ¯’v‡b 1971 mv‡j Kviv wQj, cvVKe„›` Zv Av›`vR
300
K‡i wb‡eb| Zv Avi ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡Lbv, †h 1971 mv‡ji Ôgyw³hy×Õ‡K
†K›`ª K‡iI Pzw³ n‡qwQj fviZ miKv‡ii m‡½ AvIqvgx †bZ…e„‡›`i Ges
Gme Pzw³‡ZI bvbv K_vi Avov‡j †jb‡`‡bi e¨vcviUvI wQj| 1757 mv‡ji
†jb-‡`b GZB wecyj AvKv‡ii wQj †h Zvi gvÎ K‡qK eQ‡ii e¨eav‡b my‡e
evOjvq G‡mwQj ÔwQqvˇii gš—š—iÕ bvgK †mB gnvgš^š—i hv‡Z G‡`‡ki
GK-Z…Zxqvsk †jvK cÖvY nvwi‡qwQj| Ges mevB Rv‡bb bv 1971 mv‡ji
†jb-‡`bI GZ fq¼i iK‡gi wecyj AvKv‡ii wQj †h Zv K‡qK eQ‡ii
e¨eav‡b evsjv‡`‡k G‡mwQj Avi GKwU gnvgš^š —i hv‡Z KjvcvZvi Kvdb
cwi‡qI giv gvbyl‡K `vdb Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| Avgiv Gevi IB `ywU mg‡qi
†Mvcb Pzw³I Zvi †jb-‡`‡bi K_v bx‡P cÖKvk Kijvg| Avi cÖKvk Kijvg
cjvkx Kv‡ji mycÖwm× †jLK kªxA¶qKzgvi ˆg‡Îqi K_vq Ges evsjv‡`‡ki
Ôgyw³hy×Õ Kv‡j gvIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxi ÔnK-K_vÕi K_vq| Avkv
Kwi, Gi d‡j cvVKe„‡›`i g‡b †Kvb myev-m‡›`n _vK‡e bv| gxiRvdi Avi
Bó BwÛqv †Kv¤úvbxi g‡a¨ †Mvcb Pzw³wU wQj wbgœiƒc (Dnv kªxA¶qKzgvi
ˆg‡Îq iwPZ Ôgxi KvwmgÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’i 223 Ges 224 c„ôvi cwiwkó (K)
nB‡Z Abyev`iƒ‡c DׄZ Kiv nBqv‡Q)
ÒAvwg Avj­vni bv‡g I Avj­vni ivm~‡ji bv‡g cÖwZÁv Kwi‡ZwQ †h, Avgvi
RxebKv‡j Avwg GB Pzw³c‡Îi kZ©vejx gvwbqv Pwje|
aviv-1 : beve wmivRD‡`Šjvi m‡½ kvwš—Pzw³i †hBme aviv m¤§wZ jvf
KwiqvwQj, Avwg †mBme aviv gvwbqv Pwj‡Z m¤§Z nBjvg|
aviv-2 : Bs‡iR‡`i `ykgb AvgviI `ykgb, Zviv fviZevmx †nvK A_ev
BD‡ivcxq|
aviv-3 : RvwZmg~‡ni ¯^M© evsjv, wenvi I Dwol¨vq divmx‡`i mKj m¤úwË
Ges d¨v±ix¸wj Bs‡iR‡`i `L‡j _vwK‡e Ges Avwg KL‡bv
Zvnvw`M‡K (divmx‡`i‡K) GB wZbwU cÖ‡`‡k Avi †Kvb ¯’vcbv
cÖwZôv Kwi‡Z w`e bv|
aviv-4 : beve wmivR KZ…©K KwjKvZv `Lj I jyɇbi d‡j Bs‡iR
†Kv¤úvbx †hBme ¶wZi m¤§yLxb nBqv‡Q Zvnvi we‡ePbvq Ges
301
ZwbœwgË †gvZv‡qbK…Z †mbvevwnbxi Rb¨ e¨q wbe©vn eve` Avwg
Zvnvw`M‡K GK †µvo Z¼v cÖ`vb Kwi‡ev|
aviv-5 : KwjKvZvi Bs‡iR Awaevmx‡`i gvjvgvj jyɇbi Rb¨ Avwg
Zvnvw`M‡K cÂvk j¶ Z¼v cÖ`vb Kwi‡Z m¤§Z nBjvg|
avivÑ6 : KwjKvZvi †R›Uz (wn›`y) g~i (gymjgvb) Ges Ab¨vb¨ Awaevmx‡K
cÖ`vb Kiv nB‡e wek j¶ Z¼v| (Bs‡iRiv wn›`y‡`i‡K Ô†R›UyÕ
Ges gymjgvb‡`i‡K Ôg~iÕ I Ô†g‡nv‡gUvbÕ e‡j wPwýZ KiZ|)
aviv-7 : KwjKvZvi Av‡g©bxq Awaevmx‡`i gvjvgvj jyɇYi Rb¨
Zvnvw`M‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nB‡e mvZ j¶ Z¼v| Bs‡iR, †R›Uz, g~i
Ges KwjKvZvi Ab¨vb¨ Awaevmx‡`i cÖ‡`q Z¼vi weZiYÑfvi
b¨¯— iwnj GWwgivj IqvUmb, K‡Y©j K¬vBf, iRvi †WªK, BDwjqvg
IqvUm, †Rgm wKjc¨vwUªK Ges wiPvW© exPvi g‡nv`qM‡Yi Dci|
Zuvnviv wb‡R‡`i we‡ePbvq hvnvi †hgb cÖvc¨ Zvnv cÖ`vb Kwi‡eb|
aviv-8 : KwjKvZvi eW©vi †eóbKvix gvivVv wW‡Pi g‡a¨ cwoqv‡Q KwZcq
Rwg`v‡ii wKQz Rwg; IB Rwg QvovI Avwg gvivVv wW‡Pi evB‡i
600 MR Rwg Bs‡iR †Kv¤úvbx‡K `vb Kwie|
aviv-9 : Kwí ch©š— KwjKvZvi `w¶Y¯’ me Rwg Bs‡iR †Kv¤úvbxi
Rwg`vixi Aax‡b _vwK‡e Ges Zvnv‡Z Aew¯’Z hveZxq Awdmvw`
†Kv¤úvbxi AvBbMZ AwaKv‡i _vwK‡e|
aviv-10 : Avwg hLbB †Kv¤úvbxi mvnvh¨ `vwe Kwie, ZLbB Zvnv‡`i
evwnbxi hveZxq LiP en‡b eva¨ _vwKe|
aviv-11 : ûMjxi mwbœKU M½v b`xi wbK‡U Avwg †Kvb bZzb `yM© wbg©vY Kwie
bv|
aviv-12 : wZbwU cÖ‡`‡ki wbqš¿Y cÖwZwôZ nBev gvÎ Avwg DcwiD³ mKj
Z¼v wek¦¯—fv‡e cwi‡kva Kwi‡ev|
302
 AvIqvgx evKkvjx `ytkvm‡bi LwZqvb cwiwkó-11
(1972-1975) †kL gywReyi ingvb
KvjevRvix 5 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi gvjvgvj (B›UviwfD DB_ wn÷ix Iwiqvbx dvjvwP)

cvPvi 2 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi gvjvgvj †iveevi mܨv t Avwg †KvjKvZv n‡q XvKvi c‡_ hvÎv K‡iwQ| mwZ¨ ej‡Z
RvwjqvZx 15 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi gvjvgvj wK, 18B wW‡m¤^i gyw³evwnbx Zv‡`i †e‡qv‡bU w`‡q †h hÁ Pvwj‡q‡Q Zv
e¨vsK jyU 5 nvRv‡ii †ekx cÖZ¨¶ Kivi ci c„w_ex‡Z Avgvi Awš—g B”Qv GUvB wQj †h, GB N„Y¨
A¯¿ jyU †`o kZvwaK (ivB‡dj, Gm Gj Avi, bMix‡Z Avwg Avi cv †dj‡ev bvÑGiKg wm×vš— Avwg wb‡qB †d‡jwQjvg|
cÖf„wZmn cÖvq 15 nvRvi) wKš‘ Avgvi m¤úv`‡Ki B”Qv †h, Avwg gywR‡ei mv¶vrKvi MÖnY Kwi| fy‡Æv
al©Y cÖvq 15 nvRvi Zv‡K gyw³ †`evi ci Avgvi m¤úv`‡Ki GB wm×vš— h_v_© wQj| wZwb wK
miKvix wg_¨v Avk¦vm cÖvq 12 nvRvi ai‡Yi gvbyl? Avgvi mnKg©xiv ¯^xK…wZ w`‡jv, wZwb gnvb e¨w³, mycvig¨vb|
A‰e` `Lj wk&c cÖwZôvb I No-evwo wg‡j cÖvq wZwbB GKgvÎ e¨w³ whwb †`k‡K mgm¨vgy³ K‡i MYZ‡š¿i c‡_ cwiPvwjZ
13 nvRvi, Rwg 50 nvRvi GKi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
msev`cÎ wbwl× Kiv nq 4 kZvwaK Avgvi ¯§iY n‡jv, 18B wW‡m¤^i Avwg hLb XvKvq wQjvg, ZLb †jvKRb
`ywf©‡¶ g„Zz¨ 10 j¶ †jvK ejwQj, ÒgywRe _vK‡j †mB wbg©g, fqsKi NUbv KL‡bvB NU‡Zv bv| gywRe
cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡j G ai‡bi NUbv cybive„wË NU‡e bvÓ wKš‘ MZKvj gyw³evwnbx
cywónxbZvq g„Zz¨ 2 jvL †jvK
†Kb Av‡iv 50 Rb wbixn wenvix‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q? ÔUvBgÕ g¨vMvwRb †Kb
webv wPwKrmvq g„Zz¨ 1 jvL †jvK Zv‡K wb‡q weivU cÖkœ‡evaK wPý w`‡q †nWjvBb K‡i‡Q? Avwg wew¯§Z n‡qwQ
†RjLvbvq g„Zz¨ 9 nvRvi †jvK †h, GB e¨w³wU 1969 mv‡ji b‡f¤^‡i mvsevw`K A¨vj‡Wv kvbwZwb‡K GK
AvIqvgx-evKkvjx ¸Ûv I mv¶vrKv‡i e‡jwQ‡jb, Avgvi †`‡k Avwg me‡P‡q mvnmx Ges wbf©xK gvbyl,
i¶xevwnbxi wbh©vZ‡b g„Zz¨ 27 nvRvi †jvK Avwg evsjvi evN, w`Kcvj...GLv‡b hyw³i †Kvb ¯’vb †bB...|Ó Avwg ey‡S
ivR‰bwZK nZ¨v 19 nvRvi †jvK DV‡Z cvwiwb, Avgvi wK fvev DwPZ|
¸g/Lyb 1 jv‡Li Dci †jvK †mvgevi we‡Kj t Avwg †nv‡Uj B›UvKw›U‡g›Uv‡j Ges Avgvi wØavØ›Ø wظ‡Yi
wcwU‡q nZ¨v 7 nvRvi †jvK AwaK| NUbvUv n‡jv, Avwg gywRe‡K †`‡LwQ| hw`I gvÎ K‡qK wgwb‡Ui
AvIqvgx ¸Ûv I Rb¨| mv¶vrKvi †bqvi c~‡e© Zv‡K GK bRi †`Lvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ| wKš‘
GB K‡qKUv gyn~Z©B Avgvi wPˇK wØav I msk‡q c~Y© Ki‡Z h‡_ó wQj? hLb
i¶x evwnbxi wbh©vZ‡b c½ 26 kZ †jvK
XvKv wegvb e›`‡i AeZiY Kwi, Kvi mv‡_ Avgvi mv¶vZ n‡qwQj| wZwb
†MÖdZvi I wbh©vZb 2 jvL †jvK Avi †KD bb, wg. miKvi| Avgvi †klevi XvKv Ae¯’vbKv‡j GB ev½vwj
nvBR¨vK/wQbZvB 22 nvRviwU f`ª‡jvK Avgvi †`uvfvlx wQ‡jb| Zuv‡K †`Ljvg ivbI‡qi gvSLv‡b| Avwg
Pzwi-WvKvwZ/ivnvRvwb/jyUcvU fvwewb, †Kb? m¤¢eZ Gi †P‡q fv‡jv wKQz Zvi Kivi wQj bv| Avgv‡K
Av¸b jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q 72wU cv‡Ui ¸`vg| †`LvgvÎ Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb †h, Avgvi R‡b¨ wZwb wKQz Ki‡Z cv‡ib wKbv?

303 304
Zv‡K Rvbvjvg †h, wZwb Avgv‡K gywR‡ei evwo‡Z wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb
†mvRv Avgv‡K wb‡q iIqvbv n‡jb Ges c‡bi wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ Avgiv GKUv
†MU w`‡q cÖ‡ek Kijvg| †M‡U †gwkbMvbavix gyw³evwnbxi Kov cÖniv|
Avgiv ivbœvN‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i †`Ljvg gywR‡ei ¯¿x Lv‡”Qb| mv‡_ Lv‡”Q Zvi
fvM‡b I gvgvZ fvB‡ev‡biv| GKUv Mvgjvq fvZ-ZiKvix gvwL‡q Av½yj
w`‡q gy‡L cy‡i w`‡”Q mevB| G‡`‡k LvIqvi c×wZ GiKgB| gywR‡ei ¯¿x
Avgv‡K Dò Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡jb|
wVK ZLbB gywRe G‡jb| mnmv ivbœvN‡ii gy‡L Zvi Avwef©ve n‡jv| Zvi
ci‡b GK ai‡bi mv`v †cvkvK, hv‡Z Avgvi Kv‡Q Zv‡K g‡b n‡qwQj
GKRb cÖvPxb †ivgvb wn‡m‡e| †cvkv‡Ki Kvi‡Y Zv‡K `xN© I FRy g‡b
nw”Qj| Zvi eqm GKvbœ n‡jI wZwb mycyi“l| K‡Kkxq ai‡bi m›`yi †Pnviv|
Pkgv I †Muv‡d †m †Pnviv n‡q‡Q Av‡iv eyw×`xß| †h Kv‡iv g‡b n‡e, wZwb
wecyj RbZv‡K †bZ…Z¡ †`qvi †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ e¨w³| wZwb ¯^v‡¯’¨i AwaKvix|
Avwg †mvRv Zvi Kv‡Q wM‡q cwiPq †ck Kijvg Ges Avgvi D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨³
Kijvg| wg. miKvi f~wg‡Z cwZZ n‡q gywR‡ei c`Pz¤^b Ki‡jb| Avwg
gywR‡ei nvZUv Avgvi nv‡Z wb‡q ejjvg, ÒGB bMix‡Z Avcwb wd‡i
G‡m‡Qb †`‡L Avwg Avbw›`Z, †h bMix Avk¼v KiwQj †h, Avcwb Avi
†Kvbw`b GLv‡b wdi‡eb bv|Ó wZwb Avgvi w`‡K ZvKv‡jb GKUz D¤§vi
mv‡_| GKUz AeÁvi nvwm †n‡m ej‡jb, ÒAvgvi †m‡µUvixi mv‡_ K_v
ej|Ó
Avgvi wØav I m‡›`‡ni KviY Dcjwä Kiv mnR| gywRe‡K Avwg †R‡b
G‡mwQ GKRb MYZš¿x I mgvRZš¿x wn‡m‡e| hLb Avwg `g wbw”Qjvg,
GKRb hyeK Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m ej‡jv, †m fvBm †m‡µUvix| web‡qi mv‡_
†m cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡jv, we‡Kj PviUvi mgq Avwg ÔmiKvix evmfe‡bÕ nvwRi
_vK‡Z cvi‡j Avgv‡K `k wgwbU mgq †`qv n‡e| Zuvi mv‡_ hviv mv¶vr
Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡`i mv‡_ †mLv‡bB wZwb K_v e‡jb| we‡Kj mv‡o wZbUvq
bMix K¬vš—, wb¯—ä, Nygš— ga¨v‡ýi wekªvg wb‡”Q| iv¯—vq Kuv‡a ivB‡dj Szjv‡bv
gyw³evwnbx Unj w`‡”Q| hy× †kl n‡q‡Q GKgv‡miI †ewk mgq Av‡M| wKš‘
GL‡bv Zv‡`i nv‡Z A¯¿ Av‡Q| Zviv ivZw`b Unj †`q| G‡jvcv_vwo
evZv‡m ¸jx Quy‡o Ges gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i| nZ¨v bv Ki‡j †`vKvbcvU jyU
305
K‡i| †KD Zv‡`i _vgv‡Z cv‡i bv- Ggb wK gywReI bv| m¤¢eZ wZwb Zv‡`i
_vgv‡Z m¶g bb| wZwb mš‘ó GR‡b¨ †h, bMixi cÖvPxi Zvi †cv÷vi
mvB‡Ri Qwe‡Z GKvKvi| gywRe‡K Avwg Av‡M †hfv‡e †R‡bwQjvg, Zvi
mv‡_ Avgvi †`Lv gywRe‡K wgjv‡Z cviwQ bv|
†mvgevi mܨv t Avwg †h Zvi mv¶vrKvi wb‡qwQ GUv wQj GKUv `ywe©cvK|
Zvi gvbwmK †hvM¨Zv m¤ú‡K© Avgvi m‡›`n wQj| Ggb wK n‡Z cv‡i †h,
KvivMvi Ges g„Zz¨ m¤ú‡K© fxwZ Avi gw¯—®‹‡K fxlYfv‡e Av‡jvwoZ K‡i‡Q?
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mg‡q Avwg ej‡Z Pvw”Q, KvivMvi Ges g„Zz¨i fq BZ¨vw`...m¤ú‡K©
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GKUv ûsKvi Qvov Zviv Avi wKQz cvqwb| Z‡e Gevi GKUv Kwi‡Wv‡ii e`‡j n‡q †h‡Z n‡e Ges cybivq Avwg †hb G‡`‡k cv bv †`B|
GKUv K‡¶ A‡c¶v Kivi AbygwZ †cjvg| Avwg we‡Kj 4Uv †_‡K ivZ bÕUv
ch©š— A‡c¶v Kijvg| GKRb eq Avgvi Pv‡qi Kvc c~Y© K‡i w`w”Qj Ges GB ch©v‡q Avwg wb‡Ri Dci mKj wbqš¿Y nvwi‡q †djjvg Ges Avgvi gv‡S
Gfv‡e Avwg AvVvi Kvc Pv wbt‡kl Kijvg| Dwbk Kv‡ci mgq Avwg Pv D‡ËRbvi †h ¯—~c M‡o D‡VwQj Zv we‡ùvwiZ n‡jv| Avwg ejjvg †h, Zvi
†d¬v‡i Qzu‡o †d‡j †nu‡U †ewi‡q Gjvg| Avgv‡K AbymiY K‡i †nv‡U‡j G‡jv mewKQz †gwK, fyqv| Zvi ciYwZ n‡e LyeB †kvPbxq| hLb wZwb gyL e¨v`vb
gywR‡ei †m‡µUvix I fvBm †m‡µUvix| Zviv ej‡jv, gywRe AZ¨š— µz× K‡i `uvov‡jb Avwg †`Š‡o †ewi‡q Gjvg Ges iv¯—vq cÖ_g wiKkvUvq
n‡q‡Qb Ges AvMvgxKvj mKvj mv‡o mvZUvq Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z Pvb| Pvcjvg| †nv‡U‡j wM‡q wej cwi‡kva Kijvg| myU‡KmUv nv‡Z wb‡q hLb
ciw`b mKv‡j wVK mvZUvq Avwg nvwRi njvg Ges mKvj mv‡o bUvq †ei“‡Z hvw”Q, ZLb †`Ljvg gyw³evwnbx wb‡P Avgvi R‡b¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q|
gvwm©wWR †hv‡M gywR‡ei AvMgb ch©š— Avgv‡K A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡jv| GKUv Zviv GK_v ej‡Z ej‡Z Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡jv †h, Avwg †`‡ki wcZv‡K Acgvb
Kv_vI bv e‡j wZwb Awd‡m cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb| AvwgI Awd‡m XyKjvg| Avgvi K‡iwQ Ges †mRb¨ Avgv‡K Pig g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i GB †Mvj‡hv‡Mi
w`‡K wd‡i wZwb D”PviY Ki‡jb, Ò†MU AvDUÓ| Avwg K¶ Z¨vM Ki‡Z g‡a¨ cuvPRb A‡÷ªvwjqv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cvjv‡Z m¶g njvg| Zviv Gqvi‡cvU©
D`¨Z| wZwb ej‡jb, Ò†MU Bb wnqvi|Ó Avwg wdijvg Ges ZLbB wZbRb †_‡K †nv‡U‡j cÖ‡ek KiwQj| Gqvi‡cv‡U© `yÕRb fviZxq Kg©KZ©v Avgv‡K
†jvK †cv÷vi AvK…wZi GKwU Qwe wb‡q G‡jv †`‡L wZwb ej‡jb, wegv‡b DwV‡q wb‡jb Ges Avwg wbivc` njvg| (24†k †deª“qvix, 1972)|
ÒPgrKvi|Ó Gici wZwb ej‡jb, GB gwnjv mvsevw`K‡K †`LvI| Avwg
ÔPgrKviÕ kãwU D”PviY Kijvg| G wQj GK gvivZ¥K fyj| wZwb e‡Rªi
g‡Zv †d‡U co‡jb| wZwb w¶ß| QwewU †d¬v‡i Qzu‡o w`‡q ej‡jb, ÒGUv
PgrKvi bq|Ó Avwg wKQz bv ey‡S wbtðzc _vKjvg|
Avwg Zvi D‡ËRbv n«vm Ki‡Z m¶g njvg| †h‡nZz Avwg f~‡Ævi mv‡_ Zvi
mwZ¨Kvi m¤úK©Uv Lyu‡R †c‡Z PvB, †mRb¨ f~‡Æv m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Kijvg| bvgUv
ejvi gyn~‡Z©B wZwb R¡‡j DV‡jb Ges ej‡jb †h, wZwb ïaygvÎ evsjv‡`‡ki
fwel¨Z m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z Pvb| Avwg cÖkœ Kijvg, Òevsjv‡`‡ki
mv‡_ cwðge½‡K hy³ Kivi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q wKbv?Ó LvwbKUv wØavwš^Z n‡q
wZwb ej‡jb, ÒG mg‡q, Avgvi Avi †Kvb AvMÖn †bB|Ó GB e³‡e¨ Bw›`iv
MvÜx‡KI wew¯§Z n‡Z n‡e †h, gywRe †KvjKvZv KivqË Ki‡Z Pvq| Avwg
ejjvg, Zvi gv‡b Avcwb ej‡Z Pvb, AZx‡Z Avcbvi AvMÖn wQj Ges
fwel¨‡Z cybtwe‡ePbv Kivi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q|Ó ax‡i ax‡i wZwb Dcjwä Ki‡jb
†h, Avwg Zv‡K GKUv duv‡` †dj‡Z Pvw”Q| wb‡Ri fyj ms‡kvab Kivi e`‡j

313 314
Ò1972 mv‡j be cÖwZwôZ evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i G‡m †kL
gywReyi ingvb ex‡ii m¤^a©bv †c‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb ZLb
mv‡o mvZ‡KvwU gvby‡li Awemsevw`Z †bZv| MZ mßv‡n
GK mvgwiK Afy¨Ìv‡b wZwb wbnZ n‡q‡Qb|
`yÕwU NUbvi gvSLv‡bi KÕeQ‡i Zuvi m¤ú‡K© evsjv‡`‡ki
gvby‡li †gvn †K‡U †M‡Q Ges †mvbvi evsjvi ¯^cœ
wgwj‡q †M‡Q|....
gywR‡ei Uªv‡RwW GB †h, Pvi eQ‡iiI Kg mg‡q wZwb
e½eÜzi D”P gh©v`v nvwi‡q e½ `ykg‡b cwiYZ n‡jb|Ó

Gš’bx gvmKv‡ib nvm, mvb‡W UvBgm,

jÛb, 17 AvM÷, 1975

\ mgvß \

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