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Simplified Aircraft Design Spreadsheet for Hom

-ware !
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Version 1.0 Copyright C 2003 by Daniel P. Raymer. All Rights Reserved. See legal notice
LEGAL NOTICE ! Better to save this spreadsheet as a renamed copy before changing it for your airplane, in case

Inputs Calculated Values


Loading

Stall speed (kts) 8 Stall speed (ft/sec) 13.5


Wing

Takeoff air density (slugs/ft^3) 0 Dynamic pressure (psf) 0.2


Wing CLmax 1 Wing loading (W/S) (psf) 0.22
power loading (lb/hp) 0.14

You cannot enter Wo! Engine power and power


If sizing to a range requirement, ignore this input loading are multiplied to calculate Wo. If sizing to
Wo -known

for now but enter it later when Wo is calculated a range requirement, do calculation below, read
and engine is selected Wo from graph, and select an engine that gives
engine

the desired Wo=P*P/W


Engine Power (hp -each) 1.65 Wo (lb) 0.2
Number of Engines 1 Wing Area (sq ft) 1.1
Swet/Sref 4.2
Wo Sizing to a range requirement (engine is

Cfe 0.01 Cdo 0.0223


Aspect ratio (A) 6.3 K (=1/piAe) 0.0674
Cruise air density (slugs/ft^3) 0.00176 W/S cruise 0.2
Cruise velocity (kts) 24 Cruise velocity (ft/sec) 40.5
Dynamic pressure (psf) 1.4
not yet selected)

L/D cruise 6.21


(lb/hour (lb/sec
Engine SFC /bhp) 0.45 Engine SFC /bhp) 0
Prop Efficiency (cruise) 0.75
Range (nmi) 800 Range (ft) 4860800
Breguet Exponent 0.2373
Wf/Wo 0.2310
Fuel allowance (%) 6 Wf/Wo with allow. 0.2448
Empty Weight constant "a" 11.86
Weight - crew (lbs) 0
Weight - Passengers (lbs) 0
Weight - payload (lbs) 0 See Sizing Graph sheet for Wo Results

Wing taper ratio 0 Wing Span (ft) 2.59


Geometry
Wing

Root Chord (ft) 0.82


Tip Chord (ft) 0.00
Mean Chord (ft) 0.55
Horizontal tail arm (ft) 10 Tail areas:
Sizing

Cht (volume coeff) 0.6 Sht (horizontal) (sq ft) 0.03


Tail

Vertical tail arm (ft) 10


Cvt (volume coeff) 0.04 Svt (vertical) (sq ft) 0.01
sheet for Homebuilders Enter items in blue and purple. Come
back and re-enter purple items after the
Reserved. See legal notice for further restrictions. drawing is analyzed.
ging it for your airplane, in case it gets messed up! Send problems & questions to SADFH@aircraftdesign.com
Other Factors Used Equations (from book) Misc Useful Calcs
(OK to change these if you know what 1
you are doing) q= ρV 2
2 Stall
W
=qCL
S

S wet
C D0 =C fe
S ref

e (Oswald) 0.75 1 0. 42 4
Wcruise/Wo 0.98 K= =
0. 75 π A A CL-cruise 0.15
L 1
=
D qC D0 K
 W / S 
W /S q

−R c bhp
500η p L/D
Non-cruise weight allowance 0.98 W f /W 0 =1−0. 975 e
Empty Weight exponent -0.09 Fuel Weight 0.1 (lbs)
W E /W 0 =aW Fuel Vol 0.0 (gal)
0−0 . 09

W peopleW payload
W 0=
1−W E /W 0 −W F /W 0

Preliminary tail sizing using these methods does not


guarantee that the aircraft will be stable, controllable,
or safe. You must perform stability calculations after
doing your design layout!
@aircraftdesign.com
Sizing Calculations
Sizin
Wo guess We/Wo We Wo calculated
1000 6.3692 6369.2 0.0 3000
1500 6.1410 9211.4 0.0
2000 5.9840 11968.0 0.0
2500 5.8650 14662.6 0.0
2500

Pick Wo from graph, where the two lines cross. Enter this
value below to find the minimum horsepower engine for
your power loading. 2000

Wo Calculated
If sizing graph lines do not cross, change Wo-guess values
above. 1500
Enter Wo from graph (lbs) 2000
Pick engine with horsepower of at least: 14286
1000
Now find a suitable engine of at least this horsepower and
enter its power below:

Power of Selected Engine: 120


500
Calculated Power Loading: 16.67

Now go to sheet 1 and enter the power of your selected


engine and the power loading calculated above in the 0
boxes this color. 800 1000 1200 1400
W
Sizing Graph

0 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600


Wo Guess
As-Drawn Performance Calculations for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homebuilde
Use this sheet for performance calculations after you have drawn your design and measured its geometry.

Values from Sheet 1 - OK to change these here, but


then link from Sheet 1 is lost Calculated Values
Wo (lb) 0 wing loading (W/S) (psf) 0.22
Engine Power (hp) 2 stall speed (ft/sec) 13.51
Number of Engines 1 stall speed (kts) 8.00
Engine SFC (lb/hour /bhp) 0.45 power loading (lb/hp) 0.14
Wing Area (sq ft) 1.1 Takeoff Parameter 0.0
Cdo 0.0223 Takeoff Groundroll (ft) -49.7
K (=1/piAe) 0.0674 Takeoff to 50 ft (ft) 50.3
Wing CLmax 1
Takeoff air density (slugs/ft^3) 0
e (Oswald) 0.75
Wcruise/Wo 0.98 Cruise Weight (lb) 0.23
Non-cruise weight allowance 0.98
Fuel allowance (%) 6
Weight - crew (lbs) 0
Weight - passengers (lbs) 0
Weight - payload (lbs) 0
Empty Weight (lbs) 3.1
Other Inputs
Propeller Diameter (ft) 5
Engine RPM (rev/min) 2700
Cooling Power Loss (%) 6
Cruise Power Setting (% of SL hp) 62
Cruise air density (slug/ft^3) 0 Power Coefficient Cp 0.0018
Go to next sheet for climb, cruise, and maximum speed calculations then return here

Cruise speed (kts) 180 Cruise speed (ft/sec) 304.02


Cruise Advance Ratio J 1.35
Cruise Prop efficiency 0.85 Cruise q (psf) 81.3
Cruise W/S (psf) 0.2
Cruise L/D 0.1
Wfuel (total) (lbs) -3
Wfuel (usable) (lbs) -3
Wfuel (cruise) (lbs) -3
log term 0.08
Range (ft) -1133175
Range (nmi) -187
Design for Homebuilders
and measured its geometry.

Equations (from book)

W W
S hp
T .O . P .=1. 2 1
C Lm a x

L 1
=
D qC D0 K
 W / S 
W /S q

R=
550 η p L
C bhp D
ln
[
0.975W 0
W 0−W f usable ]
Climb, Cruise, & Max Speed Calculations for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homeb
Use this sheet for performance calculations after you have drawn your design and measured its geometry.

Input
adjusted
values

Advance Propeller Total Cruise Dynamic


V kts V ft/sec Ratio J Efficiency Thrust lbs Thrust lbs pressure q CL CD Drag lbs
50 84.45 0.38 0.59 5.96 3.7 6.28 0.03 0.02 0.15
100 168.9 0.75 0.8 4.04 2.51 25.1 0.01 0.02 0.59
150 253.35 1.13 0.85 2.86 1.77 56.48 0 0.02 1.34
200 337.8 1.5 0.82 2.07 1.28 100.42 0 0.02 2.38
220 371.58 1.65 0.8 1.84 1.14 121.5 0 0.02 2.88
Read Cruise speed where cruise thrust line crosses drag line and enter in cruise speed box (this color) on previous
sheet

Maximum & Cruise Speed


200 Column E Column F Column J 152000
142500
133000
123500
114000
104500
Thrust or Drag -lbs

95000

Climb - fpm
85500
76000
66500
57000
47500
38000
28500
19000
9500
0 0
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 40 60
Velocity - kts
rcraft Design for Homebuilders
esign and measured its geometry.

Equations (from book)

D= qS  C D0  KC 2 
L
Climb (fps)
130058.34 W
154271.42 1
C L−cruise =
S q= ρV 2
102409.77
q 2
-27384.02
-102334.96
color) on previous
Vv=V [ T

1
W L/ D ]
Rate of Climb - Sea Level
152000
142500
133000
123500
114000
104500
95000
Climb - fpm

85500
76000
66500
57000
47500
38000
28500
19000
9500
0
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Velocity - kts
Weight Reporting Format for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homebuilders
Use this sheet for reporting weights calculations & estimating center of gravity. Input only items in blue
(Sorry, no weights estimation methods here, just the form to
enter your estimates. Moments & cg are calculated)
Weight Loc Moment Weight Loc Moment
lbs ft ft-lbs lbs ft ft-lbs
STRUCTURES 661.0 5600 EQUIPMENT 69.0 429
Wing 276 6.5 1794 Flight Controls 10 5.5 55
Horizontal Tail 24 21.0 504 Instruments 10 5.5 55
Vertical Tail 18 19.0 342 Hydraulics 2 6.0 12
Ventral Tail 8 17.0 136 Electrical 12 6.0 72
Fuselage 155 9.0 1395 Avionics 15 5.0 75
Canopy 15 8.0 120 Air Conditioning 0
Nacelle on wing 50 9.0 450 Anti-Icing 0
Nacelle/cowling 30 7.5 225 Furnishings & Equipment 20 8.0 160
Motor Mount 10 7.5 75
Main Landing Gear 56 9.0 504 (% We Allowance) 10 enter %
Nose Landing Gear 19 2.9 55 Empty Weight Allowance 114.1 7.8 891 don’t enter these
PROPULSION 411.0 2877 TOTAL WEIGHT EMPTY 1255.1 7.8 9797 Calculated Empty Weight constant "a". G
Engine 340 7.0 2380 Initial Sizing Inputs sheet and revise valu
Air Induction 3 7.0 21 USEFUL LOAD 744.9 purple box:
Cooling 3 7.0 21 Crew 0.0 8.0 0
Exhaust 8 7.0 56 Fuel 738.9 7.5 5542 Don't enter this! It is calculated from Wo, We,
Engine Controls 2 7.0 14 Oil 6 5.0 30
Misc. Engine Inst 5 7.0 35 Passengers 0 8.0 0
Propeller 30 7.0 210 Payload 0 10.0 0
Starter 10 7.0 70
Fuel System 10 7.0 70 TAKEOFF GROSS WEIGHT 2000.0 7.7 15368
Crew+Pass+Pld, No Fuel 1261.1 7.8 9827
Crew+Pass,No Pld,No Fuel 1261.1 7.8 9827
Conditions
Possible
Loading

Crew only, No Fuel 1261.1 7.8 9827


Crew only, Full Fuel 2000.0 7.7 15368
t only items in blue

d Empty Weight constant "a". Go to


ng Inputs sheet and revise value in 1.2438
x:

this! It is calculated from Wo, We, and other Useful Load Group items
ASPECT RATIO OPTIMIZATION: DR-4
A-baseline 6.3
Wo 0.2
Wwing-base 276
We-base 1255.1 Read performance results and enter here
Wwing/ Max Cruise
A A/Abase Ww-base Delta We We-new Range Speed Speed ROC
6 0.95 0.97 -8 1247 1165 212 175 2200
6.3 1.00 1.00 0 1255 964 220 180 2400
14 2.22 1.61 170 1425 760 221 181 2500

Enter delta on Weight sheet (I stuck


it in the unused Anti-Ice entry), and Aspect Ratio Trade Study
change aspect ratio and empty 2500
weight "a" factor on Initial Sizing
Sheet
2000
nmi, kts, or fpm

Column F
1500 Column L
Column M
Column I

1000

500

0
6 8 10 12 14
Aspect Ratio
max*10 cruise*10
2120 1750
2200 1800
2210 1810

dy

Column F
Column L
Column M
Column I

12 14

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