MATH2019 PROBLEM CLASS

EXAMPLES 1
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION, MULTIVARIABLE TAYLOR SERIES
AND LEIBNIZ’ RULE

q
1. If w = f (t) where t = x2 + y 2 , show that

∂w ∂w
y −x = 0.
∂x ∂y

2 +y 2 ∂f ∂f
2. Given f (x, y) = e−x and x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ. Calculate and evaluate when
∂θ ∂θ
x = 1, y = 0.

1998 3. For what values of n does

f (x, y, z) = sin(3x) cos(4y)e−nz

∂2f ∂2f ∂2f

satisfy + + = 0?
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2

1997 4. Let f and g be twice-differentiable functions of a single variable. Show by direct substi-
tution into the differential equation that

w(x, t) = f (x + t) + g(x − t)

is a solution of the differential equation

∂2w ∂2w
= .
∂t2 ∂x2

Multivariable Taylor Series

∂f ∂f
f (x, y) = f (a, b) + (x − a) (a, b) + (y − b) (a, b)
∂x ∂y
2
∂2f 2
!
1 2∂ f 2∂ f
+ (x − a) (a, b) + 2(x − a)(y − b) (a, b) + (y − b) (a, b) + · · ·
2! ∂x2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2

5. Write the Taylor Series for z = ln(x2 + 2y) about the point (1, 0) up to and including
second order (quadratic) terms.

1994 6. Calculate the Taylor series expansion up to and including second order terms of the
function
z = F (x, y) = ln x cos y ,
about the point (1, π/4). Use your result to estimate F (1.1, π/4).

1993 7. A surface is described by

z = f (x, y) = ey sin x .
Write down the Taylor series expansion for f (x, y) about the point (x0 , y0 ) = (π/2, 0) up
to and including second order terms.
 Leibniz’ Rule for Differentiation of Integrals
d Zv Z v
∂f dv du
f (x, t)dt = dt + f (x, v) − f (x, u)
dx u u ∂x dx dx

1997 8. If
Z α2 sin αx
I(α) = dx
α x
find the derivative of I with respect to α.
d Z t cos tx
1992 9. Calculate dx by using Leibniz’ rule.
dt 1 x
1993 10. By using Leibniz’ rule calculate

d Z x2 exp(tx)
dt .
dx x t

1994 11. Given that

Z ∞ dx π
= ,
0 α2 2
+β x 2 2αβ
use Leibniz’ rule to deduce that
Z ∞ x2 dx π
2 2 2 2
= ,
0 (α + β x ) 4αβ 3

and Z ∞ dx π
= 3 .
0 (α2 2
+β x )2 2 4α β