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Rattu
Reg Number :0601020007
Semester/class : VI/A
LANGUAGE TESTING AND EVALUATION
I. Read the following passage and then fill in the blanks with appropriate
word(s).
Testing has an important role in the process of teaching and learning a language. It
can be used to prepare(1)learning and to evaluate(2)students. It can also be used as
a reinforcement(3) for attaining the course objectives and even sometimes as the
communicative evaluation(4) of the teaching and learning process. In the latest case,
it is true in preparing students for taking standardized test.
There are various types of test. A test given during the course of instruction is called
formative(5) test while on the other hand the summative(6) test is usually given at
the end of it. If a test compares a student’s performance against the performance of
his/her classmates, the test is classified as skill(7) reference test, but if it indicates
whether the students has met the predetermined course objective, it is called
criterion(8) reference test.
It is usually, however, very difficult to prepare a good language test as there are
several basic criteria that should be met. One of the criteria is that the test should
contain a representative sample of the course materials. Meeting this criterium
makes the test have content (9) validity. A test should also be based in the theory of
language, language teaching, and language testing. In this case the test has construct
(10) validity. Another criterium is reliability. One of the was to know the reliability
of a test is through its internal consistency. This can be measured in three ways,
namely split-half method(11), odd-even method(12), and Kuder-Richardson
method(13).
Another evaluation technique is rating scales, however, a teacher should be aware
three kinds of personal bias errors that commonly happen namely central tendency
error, (14) error, and (15) error.
2. To prevent language test from racial and cultural bias, test items should be
constructed on the basis of the real situation of the students’ environment.
Give reasons.
The reason is because in a class, the students are multicultural and have unique concepts
of their own environment. A test which is constructed based on the real situation will help
them to understand the questions given because they already have the concepts.
3. One of the functions of the test is to compare and select. Discuss about the
difference and give example of each.
The function of a test is to compare. It means that a test is conducted to compare the
quality or learning capacity among a group of students. For example, the pre-test
before an English course to compare and categorize the level of students such as
beginner, intermediate and master. The other function is to select. It means that the
test is conducted to select the best or good-achieving students. An example of this is
a test to select the students who will delegate the school for a debate.