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cos2 θ + sin2 θ = 1
sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1
cosec2 θ - cot2 θ = 1
For a triangle with sides a, b, c, and angles A, B, C opposite sides a, b and c respectively, the
following relations hold.
a2 = b2 + c2 - 2 b c cos A
a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C.
(a - b)/(a + b) = tan ½(A - B)/ tan ½(A + B)