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Radiation mechanism
Guided Wave ↔ Radiated wave
2
Radiation mechanism(II)
50Ω ↔ 377Ω 2D 2
r >
50 < Z < 377 λ
1
far field
∝
r2
Z=50Ω Z=377Ω
1
∝
1 ∝
r3 r
1
Near field ∝
r
3
Antenna Parameters
Field Pattern
Tuning Directivity
Impedance Current
VSWR(RL) Distribution Polarization
Gain
Field Pattern
Tuning Directivity
Impedance Current
VSWR(RL) Distribution Polarization
Gain
Tuning
GPS (1565M~1585M))
DCS1800 (1710M~1880M)
bluetooth (2400M~2484M)
Frequency(GHz) 6
Input Impedance
Rl
Antenna loss:
50 Ω Z in Rr Rl = Ohmic loss+
Dielectric loss
jX A
Z in = RA + jX A = Rl + Rr + jX A
Antenna resistance:
2P
Rr =
I2 7
VSWR
1+ Γ VSWR − 1
Γ=
Z in − 50 VSWR = ⇒Γ=
Z in + 50 1− Γ VSWR + 1
VSWR − 1
RL (dB ) = 20 log Γ = 20 log
VSWR + 1
8
Typical results
1
f
9
Impedance bandwidth
fH − fL
VSWR BW (%) = × 100%
fC
2
1
f
fL fH
Within the frequency
fC range f L ~fH , VSWR < 2
10
Impedance bandwidth(II)
11
Impedance matching
Matching R r + jX A
50 Ω Network
Z in
Z in = Rl + Rr + jX A
12
Matching network
Zq = Z 0 Z in
Zs 13