Problems of

Mathematics Learning
(Psychomotor)
 INTRODUCTION
• Pertaining to both mental activity and muscular
movement. (Sport Science & Medicine)
• Relationship between cognitive functions and
physical movement.
• Requires considerable control & coordination.
• Fine motor skills = the coordination of small
muscle movements
• Gross motor skills = movements of the large muscles
of the body
 Motors Skills Disorder
- Motor skills disorder, also called motor coordination
disorder is a common disorder of childhood. It is
estimated to be present in about 6% of school age
children (between ages 5 and 11 yrs)

- Children with this disorder have associated problems

needed to guide their motor actions they may not be able
to recall or plan complex motor activities such as
producing fluent legible handwriting.
• Psychomotor learning is demonstrated by physical skills
such as movement, coordination, manipulation, speed;
actions which demonstrate the fine motor skills
• Often there is a history of early delay in the development
of motor skills
• They may have trouble with tasks requiring hand-eye
coordination
- These pupils may also have difficulty holding a pencil and
learning to write
- Problems motor skills such as student of
– cerebral palsy
– ADHD

- The motor problems will make them feel difficult to write

any symbol and math words so this problems make them
difficult to learn more and understand in mathematics
learning
 Motor Skills Disorder Treatment in Math Learning

• Practice and repetition are often helpful in

improving handwriting
• Kinesthetic training
• Coordination training (involving the arms, hands,
fingers, and eye)
• Imitation - early stages in learning a complex skill
• Manipulation - individual continues to practice a
particular skill
• Writing with finger in the air before write
with pencil.
• Write with finger on the sand.
• Start at the dot for each numeral.
- conventionally formed without taking
the pencil off the paper.
• Encourage students to keep their pencils
moving.
• Some motor skills:

1. Match simple objects

2. Build with blocks
3. Control pencil and crayon well
4. Cut simple shapes
5. Handle scissors well
6. Complete simple puzzles (5 pieces or less)
7. Copy simple shapes
• When learning psychomotor skills, pupils progress through the
cognitive stage, the associative stage, and the autonomic stage;

– Cognitive stage : marked by awkward slow and choppy

movements that the pupils tries to control (think about each
movement before attempting it)
– Associative stage : the pupils spends less time thinking about
every detail
– Autonomic stage : the pupils can refine the skill through
practice, but no longer needs to think about the movement
 REFERENCES
• http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Psychomotor_Sk
ills_in_Practice
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_lea
rning
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_lea
rning
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_ret
ardation
• http://www.answers.com/topic/psychomotor
• http://www2.ups.edu/community/tofu/lev2/j
ournaling/writemath.htm