Common Laboratory Procedure

I. Complete Blood Count

- differential count
- white blood count
- hematocrit
- hemoglobin

1.1 White Blood Cell Count

Procedure

1. Clean the 3rd and the 4th finger and prick the area.
2. Wipe off the 1st drop of blood and make a smear from the second drop of blood
into the slide.
3. Collect the blood using the capillary tube.
4. From the capillary tube suck the blood by using the WBC pipette up to 0.5 mark.
5. Add WBC diluting fluid which is 10% acetic acid
6. Mix and discard the first 2 drops.
7. Charge in the counting chamber.
8. Count the cell under low power objective.

Normal Value
Female 5,000 – 10,000
Male 6,000 - 11,000
Newborn 10,000 – 16,000

1.2 Hematocrit

Seal the capillary tube and centrifuge for 5 minutes and read.

Normal Value
Female 36 – 46
Male 40 – 50
Newborn 48 – 58

1.3 Hemoglobin

Normal Value
Female 12.0 – 15.0 mg/dl
Male 13.0 – 16.0 mg/dl
Newborn 16.0 – 20.0 mg/dl

1.4 Differential Count

 - stain the smear
- examine under oil immersion objective

Normal Value
Neutrophils 50% - 70%
Lymphocytes 25% - 40%
Eosinophils 1% - 6%
Monocytes 2% - 8%
Stab 0 – 4%
Basophil 0 – 1%

II. Urinalysis

Procedure:

1. Secure a sterile container for your urine sample.

2. Observe macroscopically the urine
a. color
b. appearance
c. pH
d. specific gravity
e. glucose
f. protein

3. Centrifuge and examine microscopically under high power objective.

Seen:
RBC
WBC
Epithelial Cells
Bacteria
Amorphous phosphate
Amorphous urates
Other crystals

Result:
Name if the pt.
Color
Appearance
pH
Specific gravity
Glucose

Microscopic result:
RBC/HPF
WBC/HPF
 Epithelial cells
Bacteria
Crystals

III. Stool Exam/ Fecalysis

Procedure:

1. Secure a small amount of stool and place in a sterile container.

2. Observe macroscopically
a. color
b. consistency
3. Place 1 drop of NSS (normal saline solution) into the slides, by
Using the applicator stick spread the sample in the slide and mix.
4. Examine microscopically
5. Observe for any RBC, pus cell and parasites

Result:
Name of the pt.
Color
Consistency
RBC
Pus cell
Parasites

BLOOD TYPING

Procedure:
1. Clean the 3rd or 4th finger with 70% alcohol.
2. Using the sterile lancet puncture the area.
3. Apply gentle pressure of the finger
4. Collect a drop of blood and place on each side of the slide and at the
center of it.
5. In each drop of blood add 1 drop of typing sera (anti a, anti b, anti d)
6. Mix and observe for agglutination

Anti A Anti B Anti D (Rh)

Type A +/- + - +/-

Type B +/- - + +/-

Type AB +/- + - +/-

Type O +/- - - +/-

Result:
Name of the patient
Blood type:
Anti A Anti B Anti D (Rh)