TOPIC FOR PRESENTATION:

NATURE, PURPOSE &

FRAMEWORK OF PLANNING;
&
TYPES OF PLANS

PRESENTED BY:
GOURAV GUPTA
ROLL NO. 07
 BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFERENCES
 Harold Koontz , Heinz Weihrich ; 2001,
MANAGEMENT , 10th Edition , Tata McGraw-Hill
 Stephen P. Robbins , David A Decenzo; 2001;
MANAGEMENT, Pearson Education
 Mahajan . M; 2004 , INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING &
PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT, Dhanpat Rai & Co.
 MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS & BEHAVIOUR,MS-
1;1997,IGNOU
………………….
 BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFERENCES

 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/planning

 http://en.wikipedia.org/plans_types

 www.google.co.in

 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/management
PLANNING

PLANNING IS A BASIC MANAGERIAL FUNCTION

PLANNING
IT IS A PROCESS WHICH INVOLVES
“ THINKING BEFORE DOING ”
 WHAT TO DO
 WHEN TO DO
 WHERE TO DO
 WHY TO DO
 HOW TO DO
 WHO WILL DO
NATURE OF PLANNING

 Contribution to MISSIONS & OBJECTIVES

 PRIMACY among the MANAGER’S TASKS
 PERVASIVENESS OF PLANNING
 EFFICIENCY of RESULTING PLANS
STEPS IN PLANNING
 AWARENESS OF OPPORTUNITIES
 ESTABLISHMENT OF OBJECTIVES
 DEVELOPMENT OF PREMISES
 DETERMINATION OF ALTERNATIVE COURSES
 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE COURSES
 SELECTION OF A COURSE
 FORMULATION OF SUBSIDIARY PLANS
 BUDGETING
STEPS IN PLANNING
PURPOSE OF PLANNING

 EFFECTIVE FORECASTING
 PROVIDES PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
 PROVIDES ECONOMY IN THE MANAGEMENT
 HELPS ORGN TO TUNE WITH ENVIRONMENT
 PROVIDES CERTAINTY IN THE ACTIVITIES
 PROVIDES SPECIFIC DIRECTION TO ORGN
 IT IS DIRECTED TOWARDS EFFICENCY
TYPES OF PLANS
 PURPOSES / MISSION
 OBJECTIVES / GOALS
 STRATEGIES
 POLICES
 PROCEDURES
 RULES
 PROGRAMS [single use plan]
 BUDGETS [single use plan]
ADVANTAGES OF PLANNING
 Maximum utilization of Resources
 Minimization of Unproductive work
 Reduces Uncertainty
 Provides basis for Managerial actions
 Basis for Control
 Avoid Bottlenecks in Production
 Encourages Innovation & Creativity
 Give Competitive edge to Enterprise
LIMITATIONS OF PLANNING

 Costly Affair
 Influenced by External affairs
 Limitations of Forecast
 Resistance to change
 Rigidity & Inflexibility
DOES PLANNING IMPROVES
ORGANISATIONAL
PERFORMANCE ?
CORPORATE CASE
ENRON CORP. [A HOUSTON BASED ENERGY CO. ]
 PLANNING SUGESSTED THAT IT IS A GOOD DEAL
 $2.8 BILLION CONTRACT TO BUILD DABHOL POWER PLANT
 PROJECT CANCELLED AS A RESULT OF ‘A RISING BACKLASH
AGAINST FOREIGN INVESTMENTS’

INFERENCE : WHEN UNCERTAINITY IS HIGH , THERE IS NO REASON TO

ANTICIPATE THAT ORGANISATIONS THAT PLAN WILL OUTPERFORM
THOSE THAT DO NOT
CONCLUSION

‘FAILURE TO PLAN IS
PLANNING TO FAIL’
THANKS TO YOU ALL
QUESTIONS & QUERIES ????