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Introduc)on
What is Giant Kelp?
Why is Giant Kelp important?
How can we measure it?
Objec)ves
Choosing reference spectrum.
Comparing kelp measurements at different spatial
resolutions.
Exploring different methods of mapping kelp forests.
Making recommendations for large scale mapping.
Methods
MASTER DCS
HydroRad‐3 DC‐8
Spectral
Response
Func0ons
Response of First 10 MASTER Bands Response of DCS in In Color Infrared
1
Mode
0.9 Band 1
Band 2
Relative Response
0.8
Band 3
0.7
Band 4
0.6
Band 5
0.5 Band 6
0.4 Band 7
Band 8
0.3
Band 9
0.2
Band 10
0.1
0
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Wavelength (nm)
Field
Spectra
0.1 Kelp Off Mohawk Beach Resampled Kelp Spectrum
0.08
0.09
0.08 0.07
Reflectance
0.07 0.06
Reflectance
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.03 0.03
0.02 0.02
0.01
0.01
0
330 430 530 630 730 830 0
430 530 630 730 830
Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm)
Manual
Spectra
Collec)on
Classifying
Pixels
Spectral Angle Method.
Measures angle between pixel’s spectra and reference
spectra.
Isn’t affected by total irradiance of pixel.
θ
Kelp
Field
Location: 34,24,49.00 Lat North
: 119,47,19.67 Lon West
Classified
Master
Image
MASTER IMAGE
Using field data: 2685 pixels = 99,900 m2
Using re‐sampled field data: 2833 pixels = 105,00 m2
Pixel size 6.1 m
Classified
Master
Image
MASTER
At θ = 0.1 kelp = 1549 pixels = 57,600 m2
At θ = 0.2 kelp = 2627 pixels = 97,800 m2
Pixel size 6.1 m
Classified
DCS
Image
DCS
At theta = 0.1 kelp = 70807 pixels = 73,300 m2
At theta = 0.2 kelp = 89969 pixels = 93,000 m2
Pixel size 1.0345 m
Master
as
DCS
MASTER Image 69,300 m2 DCS
Image
65,500
m2
Discussion
and
Conclusions
Many different ways to quantify kelp.
Kelp is not solid or linear.
Watch for environmental factors.
For long term studies find some overlap.
Acknowledgements
Dr. Raphael Kudela
Dr. Clarrisa Anderson
Dr. Nick Clinton
Dr. Rick Setter
Dr. Henry Fuelberg
Dr. George Seielstad
NSERC
NASA
Ques)ons?