Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX

2008-2009
Cerebrum, brainstem: infects many cells including
Meningoencpehalitis, necrotizing, lymphoid, resides in a
cysts have a thin outer wall containing
1.1 1 Elephant seal Toxoplasma gondii histiocytic, multifocal mild with parasitophorus vacuole which
numerous bradyzoites
lymphoplasmacytic perivascular protects it from the host
cuffing and few protozoal cysts response

Colon: Granulomas, multifocal

1.2 2 Macaque Oesophagostomum
with few strongyloid nematodes

Cuticle Hypodermis Musculature Digestive tract Reproductive tract

Mouth, buccal cavity,

Ranges in immediately internal to Only females are present in
Under the hypodermis esophagus, intestine, and
thickness the cuticle Rhabditoid infections
anus

extensions of the
lining cells- multinulceate, or
Alae-winglike hypodermis into the coelomyarian/polymyarian: extend Females have two tracts, Males have
uninucleate, pigmented from
extensions pseudocoelom are called into body cavity/ numerous/ tall one
digested blood or bile
lateral chords

Platymyarian/meromyarian:
Some produce eggs others larvae
flattened against the hypodermis

Blastemal cells do not exhibit

cytomorphologic
Triphasic- equal amounts of all 3
1.3 3 Horse Nephroblastoma characteristics of
cell lineages
mesenchymal or epithelial
cells
Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing,
A suis can also cause rhoboid
histiocytic and neutrophilic with
1.4 4 Pig Actinobacillus suis cutaneous infarctions similar
vasculitis, necrotic leukocytes (oat
to Erysipelas
cells), fibrin and coccobacilli
Skin: Hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, kyperkeratosis and
Athymic nude mice and SCID
2.1 5 Mouse Corynebacterium bovis orthokeratotic, with epidermal coryneform bacteria in the stratum
mice
hyperplasia and mild dermatitis corneum

Sprague Dawley Rats > 12

months old; Liver, LN, Spleen,
Mediastinum,
2.2 6 Mouse Histiocytic Sarcoma Liver: Histiocytic Sarcoma
Retroperitoneum, SQ; Rats
have nodular lesions, Mice
have diffuse infiltrations
Liver, hepatocytes: Microvesicular
lipidosis
 Lung: Pleuropneumonia,
Corynebacterium Similar to C diptheriae and
2.3 7 Macaque fibrinonecrotic, diffuse, severe,
ulcerans pseudotuberculosis
with abundant coccobacilli

Thyroid gland: thyroiditis,

African Green lymphoplasmacytic, chronic, with
2.4 8 Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Monkey follicular hyperplasia and colloid
depletion
Lung: Pneumonia,
Canine Distemper and bronchointerstitial, necrotizing,
3.1 9 Dog Canine Adenovirus type multifocal to coalescing, with
2 syncytia and intranuclear and
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Heart: atypical endothelial
proliferation
(angioendotheliomatosis), proliferating cells are positive
Feline Systemic Reactive
3.2 10 Cat multifocal with few fibrin thrombi, for SMA and VWF (endothelial
Angioendotheliomatosis
rare myocyte degeneration and cells and pericytes)
necrosis and minimal
lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis
Kidney, posterior: Nephritis,
Renibacterium necrotizing, granulomatous,
3.3 11 Rainbow trout
salmoninarium severe, with myriad intrahistiocytic
bacteria
fibro-adipose tissue and skeletal Cd31 and VWF, and lymphatic
Feline Ventral Abdominal
3.4 12 Cat muscle: feline ventral abdominal Vessel endothelial receptor-1
Angiosarcoma
angiosarcoma are positive
Testicle, splenic capsule- Right testicle: hypoplasia,
4.1 13 Horse Seminoma
seminoma diffuse
also found in spleen, adrenal
4.2 14 cat Myelolipoma Liver: Myelolipoma, multiple and spinal cord of dogs, and
adrenal glands of cattle
Liver: Cholangiohepatitis,
proliferative, lymphohistiocytic,
4.3 15 Rabbit Eimeria steidae
chronic, multifocal, with
intraepithelial coccidia
Pituitary gland, pars distalis:
4.4 16 Rat Pituitary adenoma Most are prolactin secreting
Adenoma
Necrotic and hemorrhagic
changes are centered on
Highly Pathogenic Avian Cerebrum: Neuronal necrosis,
5.1 17 swan CNS, pancreas, lungs, liver,
Influenza (H5N1) multifocal with glial nodules
adrenals, heart, and lymphoid
organs
splenitis, necrotizing, random,
5.2 18 Cat Francisella tularensis multifocal, moderate with lymphoid
depletion
 Haired skin: dermatitis,
proliferative, and necrotizing,
Sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpyskin
5.3 19 Goat Capripoxvirus subacute with intraepidermal vasculitis?
disease
vesicles, balooning degeneration,
and ICIB
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, proliferative
with intraepithelial
intracytoplasmic ICIB
Acute lesions begin in airways Gross: Well demarcated,
Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing, and progress to multifocal to caseonecrotic nodules up to a few
5.4 20 Bison Mycoplasma bovis fibrinosuppurative, diffuse, with coalescing caseonecrotic centimeters in diameter disperseed
interlobular edema and fibrosis debris often containing throughout the cranioventral lung
mineral lobes

Hyaline membranes are homogenous

Lung: Pneumonia,
granular or fibrillar eosinophilic
bronchointerstitial,
Acute Respiratory Intrabronchial administration material composed of necrotic
6.1 21 Dog fibrinosuppurative, with
Distress syndrome of Staph aureus epithelial cell debris mixed with fibrin
bronchiolar and alveolar hyaline
and plasma- Surfactant apolipoprotein
membranes and bacteria
A, VWF, and Cytokeratin AE1/AE3
ddx: Oxygen toxicity, smoke,
phosgene, mercury vapor,
kerosene, paraquat, high
altitude, bleomycin, busulfan,
methotrexate
E cadherin is lost in lobular
Ductular Carcinoma In Mammary gland: ductular
6.2 22 Macaque (MALE) tumors (LCIS), so is
situ carcinoma
diagnostic for DCIS
Species Mammary Changes Cause
Rat Fibroadenoam (SD) Prolactin
Rabbit Mammary Dysplasia Pituitary tumor secreting prolactin
Mammary hyperplasia
Mouse Pars distalis prolactin
(FVB/N)
Mouse Mammary tumor Mammary tumor viruses (MMTV)
Cat Fibroepithelial hyperplasia Progesterone administration
Canine Gynecomastia Sertoli cell tumor
Skeletal muscle, hind limb:
Rhabdomyosarcoma, embroyonal Why diagnose embryonal if its Desmin, Myosin, Titin, Myogenin, and
6.3 23 Mouse (Adult) Rhabdomyosarcoma
with focal osteosarcomatous an adult mouse? mYoD> Actin, Myoglobin, Vimentin
differentiation

Myogenin and myoD are

BMP is not expressed in
expressed in the nucleus of
rhabdomyosarcoma
myoblasts
 Staphylococcus aureus, S
Digits, foreleg: Cellulitis, hominis, S xylosus,
pyogranulomatous, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
6.4 24 Mouse Botryomycosis
necrotizing, with osteolysis, Proteus sp, Escherichia coli,
Splendore-Hoeppli Nocardia asteroides, Strep
intermedius

Horse lesions-Spinal cord-

Eye: Pectenitis,
hemorrhage, malacia of
lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse with Horse Histo- Non-suppurative
7.1 25 Hawk West Nile Virus thoracic and lumbar spinal
mild choroiditis and retinal encephalomyelitis, gliosis
cord/ Birds- Lesions in heart
degeneration and detachment
and liver

ddx: enrofloxacin, taurine

Eye, retina: Degeneration and loss
deficiency, inherited retinal
Enrofloxacin induced of photoreceptor, outer nuclear
7.2 26 Cat atrophy, hypertensive
retinal degeneration layer, and outer plexiform layers,
retinopathy, combination of
severe, diffuse
methylnitrosurea+ketamine
begins centrally (feline central cats may also have dilative
Taurine deficiency
retinal degeneration) cardiomyopathy

Rod-cone dysplasia (AD), and

rod-cone degeneration (AR)-
Inherited retinal atrophy Abyssinian and persian
animal model of retinitis
pigmentosa

retinal detachment, subretinal

Hypertensive retinopathy
hemorrhage/effusion, retinal
Also have renal disease or
and choroidal vessel medial
hyperthyroidism
hypertrophy, and/or
degenerative changes

Cornea is avascular and

covered by non-keratinized, Corneal wounds are healed by first
non-pigmented stratified sliding epithelium followed by mitosis
Eye: Panophthalmitis,
squamous epithelium, with after 24 hrs. Cells recruited from the
fibrinosuppurative, diffuse, severe,
Traumatic endothelial tight junctions, and corneoscleral junction retain
7.3 27 Dog with corneal rupture, iridal
panophthalmitis Na/K atpase. Bowmans phenotypic characterisitics of
prolapse, phacoclasia, and
membrane is the BM below conjunctiva such as pigmentation and
intralesional bacteria
the surface epithelium, and is rete ridges- Conjunctival or cutaneous
not distinct in animals like it is metaplasia
in humans
 Stromal damage-->
Neutrophils,
Neovascularization, Fibroblast
proliferation --> possible
fibrosis--> visual impairment

Filarids--> small, most in the group

produce microfilaria; Coelomyarian
Eye, episcleral connective tissue: Some slides contained
musculature which atrophies in
7.4 28 Dog Onchocerca sp Adult filarid nematodes with mild minimal granulomatous
Onchocerca and becomes
fibrosis inflammation
hypodermis; very small intestine (Key
dx feature tells from Thelazia)
Rete mirabilis: Arteritis and Proliferation of CD8+ T cells,
ddx ulcerative mucosal
Malignant Catarrhal periarteritis, necrotizing, Vasculitis, Resp and GI ulceration-
8.1 29 Ox diseases: Rinderpest, BVD,
Fever lymphocytic, multifocal, marked Infects Large Granular Lymphocytes
FMD, Bluetongue, BPS, IBR
with fibrinoid necrosis with T suppressor and NK cell activity
Kidney mottling, infarction,
nephritis, Urinary bladder
mucosal ulcerations, lymph
node and hemal node
enlargement, splenic lymphoid
hyperplasia
Kidney, liver and spleen:
Histiocytosis, intravascular,
8.2 30 Cat Cytuxzoon felis
diffuse, moderate with
intrahistiocytic schizonts
Location Parasite Host

Hemoproteus

Leukocytozoon Birds

Plasmodium
Cytauxzoon felis
Babesia cati Cats
Babesia felis
Anaplasma marginale
Anaplasma centrale
Babesia bovis Cattle
Intraerythrocytic
Babesia bigemina
Theileria mutans
Theileria annulata
Theileria cervi Deer Elk
Babesia canis
Dogs
 Dogs
Babesia gibsoni
Babesia equi
Horses
babesia caballi
Babesia ovis
Sheep
Babesia motasi

Trypanosoma johnbakeri Birds

Epicellular (on membrane surface
of erythrocytes)
Dipetalonema reconditum
Trypanosoma congolese
Extracellular parasites
Mycoplasma hemofelis
Cats
(hemobartonella)
Mycoplasma hemocanis
Dogs
(Hemobartonella)
Mycoplasma hemosuis
Pigs
(Eperythrozoon suis)
Eperythrozoon weyoni Cattle
Eperythrozoon sp Llamas
Dogs
Dirofilaria immitis Dogs/cats
Setaria Horses
Trypanosoma theileri Cattle
Trypansoma vivax dogs
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma brucei
Horses
Trypansoma evansi

Hemolytic toxin, survives in

Liver: hepatitis, necro-suppurative,
macrophages, strong cell Abortion: ruminants, late gestation,
8.3 31 Chinchilla Listeria monocytogenes multifocal, moderate, with
mediated immune response is hematogenous
numerous bacilli
necessary for clearance
Septicemic: Calves, foals, fetuses,
Liver, hepatocytes: Vacuolar Chinchillas are highly
miliary microabscesses in liver and
change, lipid-type susceptible
maybe other organs
Encephalitis: ruminants, food-->
invades mucosa--> trigeminal nerve--
> retrograde axonal transportation-->
brainstem --> microabscesses
 Triatomids suck blood and
Heart: Myocarditis,
defecat--> Trypomastigotes Pseudocyts rupture out of muscle and
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal,
are rubbed into the skin and release trypomastigotes into blood-->
8.4 32 Dog Trypanosoma cruzi moderate, with rare sarcoplasmic
enter blood--> go to heart and picked up by triatomids --> in bug
pseudocysts containing numerous
become amastigotes--> intestine change into epimastigotes
amastigotes
multiply by binary fission
Skin: Epidermitis, exudative and
proliferative, multifocal with
9.1 33 Pig Staphylococcus hyicus
ulceration and superficial
dermatitis and intracorneal cocci

Toxin A- Stimulates cytokine Toxin B- modulates cell signaling

Small Intestine: villous necrosis,
9.2 34 Harbor seal Clostridium difficile production and attracts pathways, and induces cytokine
diffuse, with myriad bacilli
leukocytes production and causes apoptosis
Skin: Panniculitis and dermatitis,
Microsporum canis pyogranulomatous, nodular,
9.3 35 Cat
(Pseudomycetoma) focally extensive with fungal
hyphae

Skin: dermatitis and panniculitis, Capsule impairs phagocytosis,

Cryptococcus Some strains produce melanin and
9.4 36 Dog pyogranulomatous with numerous activates complement, and
neoformans phenoloxidase (antioxidants)
yeasts suppresses T cells

Ranid Herpesvirus-1 Kidney: Adenocarcinoma,

10.1 37 Leopard frog Lucke Tumor Herpesvirus
adenocarcinoma tubulopapillary

may metastasize, but primarily

Tasmanian Devil Facial Haired skin: Malignant
10.2 38 Tasmanian devil interfere with feeding, and
Tumor neuroendocrine neoplasm
devils lose condition

Lysate extracted from

Carapace: Sjell disease, Granular amoebocytes (hemocytes)--
Shell disease (Mycotic- amebocytes is sued to test
10.3 39 Horsehoe crab necrotizing acute and chronic with degranulation and formation of a
fusarium) pharmaceuticals for bacterial
fungal hyphae and bacteria hemolymph clot
endotoxin

Invertebrates lack an adaptive Hemolymph contains soluble

Gills: Branchitis, necrotizing, acute immune system- response antimicrobial proteins including C-
and chronic, multifocal with fungal includes hemolymph reactive protein, alpha-2
hyphae coagulation, toll like receptor microglobulins, lectins and
mediated antimicrobial peptide hemocyanins
production, melanin
Animal model formation,
of human TB-
Mammary gland: Mastitis,
Mycobacterium central zones of necrosis
10.4 40 Guinea pig pyogranulomatous, focally
tuberculosis where the highest
extensive
concentrations of bacteria are
 Kidney: Renal adenocarcinoma
with interstitial nephritis, fibrosis
11.1 41 Cat Renal adenocarcinoma
and pyelitis, glomerulonephritis
with tubular proteinosis

Haired skin: Granulomas,

11.2 42 Macaque Calcinosis circumscripta
calcareous, multifocal to

Colon: Colitis, fibrinonecrotic, Sheep- Epsilon toxin binds to Goats-Type D- Peracute deathm
Clostridium perfringens multifocal to coalescing with endothelial cells leading to acute diarrhea, chronic- Distal small
11.3 43 Goat
Type D hemorrhagic and superfiical cocci FSE, and bind to distal tubules intestine and cecum, colon, with
and bacilli leading to pulpy kidney fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis

Lung, arteries- Endoarteritis,

11.4 44 Dog angiostrongylus vasorum
chronic with thrombi and
intravascular adult nematodes
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
multifocal to coalescing with
hemorrhage and nematode larvae

Tongue: Glossitis,
pyogranulomatous, multifocal to
12.1 45 Ox Actinobacillus lignierisii coalescing, severe with Splendore
Hoepli material, fibrosis, myocyte
degeneration, necrosis and loss
Spinal cord: Poliomyelitis and
ganglioneuritis, non-suppuratove,
Some strains associated with female
multifocal marked with neuronal Ventral horn of spinal cord,
Porcine Teschovirus reproductive disorders, enteric
12.2 46 Pig degeneration and necrosis, brain stem, ganglion cells of
(PTV) disease, pneumonia, pericarditis, and
neuronophagia, gliosis, spinal ganglion
myocarditis
astrocytosis, satellitosis and
spheroids
Porcine Hemagglutinating
Pseudoreabies (suid encephalitis (coronavirus)- Classical Swine Fever (pestivirus)-
Herpesvirus1)- non-suppurative Neurological disease (4-7 day- vascular lesions- hemorrhage,
encephalitis of gray matter, old pigs/ vomiting and wasting infarction, necrosis and DIC- gray and
neuronal necrosis, and (4-14 days)- Non-suppurative white matter of medulla, pons, and
ganglioneuritis, INIB, cerberal encephalomyelitis in medulla, thalamus, endothelial swelling and
cortex mostly with other tissues- brain stem, and trigeminal, proliferation, perivascular lymphocytic
adrenal gland,s liver, tonsils, paravertebral and autonomic cuffing, hemorrhage, thrombosis and
spleen, lung ganglia and gastric myenteric gliosis, and neuronal degeneration
plexus
 Nipah virus (Paramyxovirus)-
Encephalitis and pneumonia-
necrotizing vasculitis and
Porcine rubulavirus
fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles,
encephalomyelitis
venules, and capillaries, with
(Paramyxovirus)- Poli-
endothelial syncytia, ICIB,
Encephalomyelitis, reproductive
bronchointerstitial pneumonia,
failure and corneal edema,
necrotizing bronchiolitis,
anterior uveitis, epididymitis,
lymphocytic neutrophilic
orchitis, and interstitial pneumonia
meningitis, and non-
suppurative encephalitis and
gliosis
Cecum: Typhlitis, necrotizing and
pyogranulomatous, diffuse,
severe, with vasculitis, fibrin,
12.3 47 Cat Candida albicans
hemorrhage, edema, and
intralesional hyphae and
pseudohyphae and rare INIB
Lymph node: Lymphoid depletion,
diffuse, severe with draining
Feline Parvovirus
hemorrhage, edema and
eosinophilic INIB
Skeletal muscle: Myocyte
degeneration and necrosis,
12.4 48 Ox Clostridium chauvoei multifocal, moderate with
hemorrhage, emphysema and few
intralesional bacteria
reported with co-twin and its
Complete mole= paternal side- XX
Placenta: Cotyledonary own placenta- the absence of
Hydatiform Mole? diploid/ Partial mole = Triploid
hyperplasia with irregular villus any detectable fetal structures
13.1 49 Ox (cotyledonary (fertilization of a haploid ovum either
hypertrophy and trophoblastic suhc as skin distinguishes
hyperplasia) by two sperm or one sperm which
hyperplasia (placental hamartoma) them from the more common
duplicates
amorphous globosus (fetal
diagnosis of hydatiform mole is
Humans- Hydatidorm mole is
questionable: Differentials are
a cystic swelling of chorionic
amorphous globosus, adventitial
villi accompanied by
placentation, and a co twin that
trophoblsatic proliferation
has died
Causes of sperm granulomas-
Epididymis: Epididymitis,
congenital duct anomalies,
13.2 50 sheep Actinobacillus seminis granulomatous, focally extensive
adenomyosis, trauma,
with sperm granuloma
infections
Epididmymis: Epithelial
hyperplasia, multifocal, moderate

Testicle: Orchitis,
lymphohistiocytic, chronic, diffuse,
13.3 51 Dog Brucella canis severe with marked seminiferous
tubular atrophy and loss and
interstitial cell hyperplasia
Epididmyis: Epididymitis,
lymphohistiocytic, chronic with
epithelial hyperplasia
Late gestational (>50 days)
abortions, placental necrosis
of chorionic villi, with B canis and B suis lack surface
intratrophoblastic bacteria: antigens that test for M melitensis and
fetal lesions include B abortus
pneumonia, endocarditis, and
hepatitis

Teratoma, monodermal Ovary: Teratoma, monodermal ddx: ganglioneuroma and

13.4 52 Dog
variant variant CNS component of teratoma

EPEC/EAEC- adhesins and

Small intestine: enteritis with
fimbriae-intimin receptor
marked villus atrophy, fusion,
translocates to host cell Brachyspira canis is commensal/
blunting, and crypt necrosis, and
14.1 53 Dog Escerichia coli causing cytoskeletal Brachyspira pilosicoli have been
loss and attaching bacilli,
rearrangements--> Pedestal- isolated from dogs with diarrhea
apicomplexans and intracryptal
like structure and loss of
helical bacteria
microvilli

Kidney: Glomerulonephritis, Kits get interstitial pneumonia with

membranoproliferative and rare INIB/ Adults get splenomegaly,
Aleutian Mink Disease Homozygous for the Aleutian
14.2 54 Mink necrotizing, diffuse, moderate, lymphadneopathy,
(Parvovirus) gene are more susceptible
with multifocal necrotizing hypergammaglobulinemia, and acute
arteriolitis, subacute interstitial interstitial nephritis leading to kidney
Skeletal muscle: Degeneration
14.3 55 Donkey Nutritional myopathy
and necrosis, multifocal moderate

Proliferating larval cestodes

(spargana)- Pseudophylidian
Skeletal muscle: Rhabdomyositis,
cestodes- Lack GI tract,
and panniculitis,
Sparganum proliferum calcareous corpuscles, within
14.4 56 Dog pyogranulomatous and
(larval cestode) cysts lined by a eosinophilic
eosinophilic, focally extensive,
amorphous capsule, bodies
with encysted larval cestodes
have muscle and excretory
ducts

Non-hyperextensible skin in contracts to EDS which is

Skin: Epidermal and dermal
hyperextensible/ Both histologically similar, but FASFS- the epidermis
Feline Acquired Skin atrophy, diffuse, marked with
15.1 57 Cat is thin with dermal atrophy and thin collagen bundles/ In EDA the
fragility Syndrome follicular atrophy and loss, dermal
epidermis is unaffected and dermis is normal thickness, but dermal
celfting and subacute dermatitis
collagen is abnormally arranged with red cores by Trichrome stain
 Sun exposed, involve hair follicles,
single raised nodules with umbilicated
centers/ dense keratin, suprabasilar
ddx: acantholytic SCC
celfts, acantholytic cells are Corps
15.2 58 Dog Warty Dyskeratoma Hairred skin: Warty Dyskeratoma (extensive apoptosis is
ronds (large orund cells with
distinguishing feature)
perinuclear halos), or Corps grains
(small ovoid, intense eosinophilic with
pyknotic flattened nuclei)
Merkel cells are located in the
stratum basale Neural crest origin- NSE,
Haired skin: Merckel cell
15.3 59 Cat Merckel cell carcinoma (mechanoreceptors) with Chromogranin A, Synaptophysin,
Carcinoma
dense core granules and CK20
numerous desmosomes

Bandicoot papillomatosis Skin: Follicular and epidermal

15.4 60 Bandicoot carcinomatosis virus hyperplasia and dysplasia with
Type 1 hypergranulosis

Small Intestine: Enteritis,

16.1 61 White-faced Ibis Giardia sp heterophilic, diffuse, with surface Malabsorption of nutrients
associated trophozoites

Aphasmids- stichosomes
(basophilic structures around
esophagus). Stichocytes are
Proventriculus: Proventriculitis, esophageal gland cells.
examples - Trichuris, Eustrongyloides,
16.2 62 Blue Heron Eustrongyloides granulomatous, multifocal, Aphasmids have a bacillary
Diocyophyma, and Capillaria
moderate with nematodes band of nuclei in the
hypodermis- Adult females
have one genital tract, with
eggs having bipolar plugs

Fulvous Whistling Liver: Granulomas, multifocal, with

16.3 63 Mycobacterium avium
Duck acid fast bacilli

Liver: Amyloidosis, diffuse, severe

with moderate hepatocellular
atrophy, loss and degeneration
and necrosis with multifocal
granulomatous hepatitis
 Lung: Interstitial fibrosis,
multifocal, severe with fibroblast Associated with the development of bronchoalveolar carcinoma,
Feline Idiopathic
16.4 64 Cat and smooth muscle proliferation alveolar squamous metaplasia, sub-pleural and caudo-dorsal
Pulmonary Fibrosis
type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, distribution, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
and alveolar histiocytosis

Gastrointestinal Stromal Cecum: Gastrointestinal stromal

17.1 65 Horse origin- interstitial cells of Cajal- CD 117, Vim, NSE, mild SMA+
Tumor tumor, myxoid

Lung: Fibrosis, interstitial, nodular,

multifocal, severe, with
Equine Multinodular
neutrophilic and histiocytic
17.2 66 Horse Pulmonary Fibrosis-
alveolitis, Type II pneumocyte
Equine Herpesvirus-5
hyperplasia, and rare
intrahistiocytic Eos INIB

Placenta, allantochorion:
C cellulans- Gram Pos,
Placentitis, necrotizing, subacute, fetal lesions- pyogranulomatous
Cellulosimicrobium branching, motile, oxidase
17.3 67 Horse diffuse, moderate, with squamous pneumonia/ not seen in nocardiosis/
cellulans negative, catalase positive,
metaplasia, fibrin, edema, and DDx Crossiella equi placentitis
non-acid fast bacilli
large colonies of coccobacilli

Nasal turbinates: Rhinitis,

necroulcerative, subacute with
Porcine cytomegalovirus- glandular epithelial eosinophilic Note corynebacterium was
17.4 68 Pig
inclusion body rhinitis INIB, osteolysis and isolated from the turbinate
osteonecrosis, fibrosis and
granulation tissue

ddx: DHV Type I (Enterovirus;

DHV Type II is considered to be an
Picornaviridae) has been
astrovirus and is difficult to propagate
reported in mallard ducklings;
under laboratory conditions; DHV
experimental DHV Type I
Type III is a member of the
Duck Plague Duck viral Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute, infections have been
Picornaviridae, is antigenically distinct
18.1 69 Muscovy duck Enteritis Virus- Anatid random, moderate, with Eosin produced in goslings, turkey
from Type I virus, and can be
Herpes virus- 1 INIB poults, young pheasants,
propagated in duck (but not chick)
quail, and guinea fowl. The
embryos. A distinct serologic variant
viruses that cause hepatitis in
of DHV Type I, named DHV Type Ia,
ducklings should not be
has also been described.
confused with duck hepatitis B
virus, a hepadnavirus infection
 looks like there are inclusions in DVH- The liver is enlarged and covered with hemorrhagic foci up to 1
the endothelial cells as well- Avian cm in diameter. The spleen may be enlarged and mottled. Kidneys
Diseases 36:164-168
Proventriculus: Proventriculitis,
proliferative and heterophilic,
18.2 70 Northern Bobwhite Dispharynx nasuta
diffuse, marked with glandular
ectasia and adult spirurids
Small intestine: enteritis,
lymphoblastic, transmural, with
crypt loss, intraleukocytic
18.3 71 House Sparrow Atoxoplasma
apicomplexan merozoites, and
intraepithelial gamonts, and
schizonts
Liver: Hepatitis, portal,
lymphoblastic, diffuse, marked
with intracytoplasmic
apicomplexan merozoites
Colon: Colitis, erosive, multifocal,
Brachyspira
moderate, with necrosis, luminal
18.4 72 Pig hyodysenteriae (Swine
mucin accumulation and
Dysentery)
argyrophilic spiral bacteria
Bone marrow: hypoplasia,
19.1 73 Ox Bracken Fern (acute)
trilineage, diffuse
may be swollen, and renal blood vessels congested.
Passeriformes only- Loss of appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, loss of
balance. Atoxoplasma resembles toxoplasma but is not toxoplasma.
Atoxoplasma and Isospora occysts contain two sporocysts each
having four sporozoites. Typical coccidian lifecycle, but Atoxoplasma
sporozoites and merozoites can infect mononucleated cells and enter
ciruclation and induce a lympoproliferative response.
Suppurative colitis, edema,
Growers and finishers, Large
hyperemia, with spirochetes in colonic
intestine only, mucin, fibrin,
glands, hyperplasia of goblet cells,
blood, pseudomembrane,
superficial erosions, fibrin,
erosions
hemorrhage
Ptaquilosied- ddx: Anaplasmosis, mannheimia
norsesquiterpene glucoside- (laryngeal form), septicemic
causes bone marrow pasteurellaosis, Leptospirosis, sweet
suppression, cumulative clover, bacillary hemoglobinuria
 Pathogenesis: Tick
transmission--> Parasitized
Cytological preparation, peripheral erythrocytes--> Hemolysis (IV,
blood smear: Moderate EV) --> Anemia,
19.2 74 Dog Babesia sp polychromasia, and anisocytosis hemoglobinemia,
(regenerative anemia), with bilirubinemia, icterus -->
intraerythrocytic organisms anaerobic metabolism -->
Acidosis --> hypoxic cell
damage --> shock --> death

Brain, cerebrum: necrosis and

Nutritional neuronal loss, cortical, laminar, Sulfates, Bracken fern, Sulfur associated PEM in ruminants-
19.3 75 Ox Polioencephalomalacia multifocal, moderate with edema Thiaminase containing fish, microbial reduction of ingested sulfur-
(PEM) and histiocytic and lymphocytic altered rumen metabolism hydrogen sulfide
meningoencephalitis

Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,

fibrinonecrotizing, acute, multifocal
to coalescing, marked with edema,
19.4 76 Dog Uremic Pneumonitis
hemorrhage, hyaline membranes,
and alveolar septal
mineralization

Tumor cells resemble fibrillary

atrocytes but GFAP staining is
variable- Type 1 is diffuse ddx: Gliosis, diffuse astrocytoma,
20.1 77 Dog Gliomatosis cerebri Brainstem: Gliomatosis cerebri
infiltration of the brain with no lymphoma, PNET, microgliomatosis
mass lesion, Type II is a mass
lesion

Oligodendroglioma, Cerebrum: Oligodendroglioma, Anaplastic = cellulariy, necrosis, high MI, proloiferation of glomeruloid
20.2 78 Dog
anaplastic anaplastic blood vessels

Kidney: Nephritis and phlebitis,

granulomatous, necrotizing,
Feline infectious
20.3 79 cat chronic, multifocal, severe, with
peritonitis virus (FIP)
multifocal tubular degeneration,
necrosis, and regeneration

Cervical spinal cord, meninges: Meningiomas are derived from ddx: Chordoma, myxoid
Meningioma, chordoid
20.4 80 Dog Meningiona, chordoid (myxoid) the meningothelial cells of the chondrosarcoma, metastatic
(myxoid)
variant arachnoid membrane carcinoma
 this was incidental lesion-
Chondrocyte coagulation
necrosis in both a focus of
osteochondrosis latens
(confined to epiphyseal
Bone: Focal chondronecrosis and cartilage) and
retention (delayed endochondral osteochondrosis manifesta-
ossification) of growth cartilage- hypothesized secondary to OC Manifesta (delayed endochondral
21.1 81 Horse Osteochondrosis Articular epiphyseal complex ischemia. Possibly secondary ossification seen grossly and on
dysplasia, chronic with to vascular necrosis in radiographs) are known to resolve
osteonecrosis, and infraction and cartilage canals. Cartilage
marrow fibrosis cores in the deep margin of
the retained cartilage indicate
that cartilage mineralization
and vascular invasion is taking
place (doesnt happen in OC
manifesta)
Type II- Inherited defect in the Vitamin
Bone: Failure of endochrondral Type I- inherited deficiency of D receptor or a site distal to it.
Vitamin D resistant ossification- Physeal dysplasia renal 1-hydroxylase enzyme-- Reported in cats- No response to high
21.2 82 Dog
rickets Type II with disordered chondrocyte > responds to large doses of dose Vit D or calcium
colomns and marrow fibrosis Vit D supplementation, cats became normal
after physeal closure
In cats OP has been linked to Vit D
toxicosis and FeLV/ Cattle with
inherited OP--> Brachygnathia
inferior, impacted molars, protruding
Normal or increased numbers
Bone: Osteosclerosis, diffuse, tongue, shorter long bones, brittle
of osteoclasts, OC do not
21.3 83 Ox Osteopetrosis severe with retention of cartilage bones, short vertebrae, frontal and
have a ruffled border
cores parietal bones are thick, cerebral
suggesting a functional defect
hemispheres are rectangular with
flattened dorsal surfaces, and the
cerebellum is partially herniated
andoptic nerves are hypoplastic
Canine panosteitis- Idiopathic
Bone: Intramedullary bone
21.4 84 Horse Enostosis periosteal and endosteal bone
formation (enostosis)
proliferation
Brain, cerebrum:
Meningoencephalitis, eosinophilic
22.1 85 Pig Salt Toxicity
acute, multifocal moderate with
neuronal necrosis
Brain, thalamus:
Inclusion bodies (Joest-Degen
Meningoencephalitis, lymphocytic,
Borna disease virus bodies) are intranuclear and ddx: WNV, JE, St Louis Enceph,
22.2 86 Horse multifocal, moderate- Few
(BDV) rarely in the cytoplasm, found WEE, EEE, VEE
inclusions in the hippocampus
more in the hippocampus
(INIB)
 Brain, cerebrum: Intravascular
Canine IVL is also known as
22.3 87 Dog intravascular lymphoma lymphoma with fibrin thrombi and T cells or Non-B NonT cells
Malignant angioendotheliomatosis
multifocal infarcts

suprasellar germ cell

Brain, diecephalon: Suprasellar ddx- Pituitary adenoma and cranipharyngioma/ Arise in the pineal
22.4 88 Dog tumor (extragonadal
germ cell tumor gland or sella tursica- Alpha feto protein +, HCG + PlALP +
germ cell tumor)

1) Pleomorphic nests of germ

3 diverse neoplastic cell
populations
cells; 2) Large polygonal cells
with abundant cytoplasm and
lipid vacuoles in nests
(hepatoid cells) ; 3) Epithelial
cells reminiscent of intestinal
epithelium or respiratory
epithelium, with squamous
differentiation and
keratinization

Ileocecocolic junction: Serositis

African Green
23.1 89 Klebsiella pneumonia and peritonitis, granulomatous
Monkey
with fibrosis

lymph node: Lymphadenitis,

pyogranulomatous

Skin: epidermal hyperplasia with

Capillaria xenopodis/ multifocal degeneration and
African Clawed
23.2 90 Pseudocapillaroides necrosis, orthokeratotic
Frog
xenopi hyperkeratosis and intraepidermal
aphasmid nematodes
Scaled skin: Fibroblast
Iridoviridae- 1) Iridovirus; 2)
hypertrophy, nodular with
chloriridovirus; 3) Ranavirus; hexagonal particles arranged in
23.3 91 Bluegill fish Lymphocystivirus karyomegaly, basophilic
4) Lymphocystivirus; 5) paracrystalline arrays
cytoplasmic inclusions and
Goldfish iridovirus
lmyphoplasmacytic dermatitis

Chysosporium anamorph Scaleed skin: Epidermitis,

Looks like dermatophyte,
23.4 92 Tentacled snake of Nannizziopsis vriesii necrotizing and ulcerative,
Cladosporium or Candida
(CANV) multifocal with intralesional fungi
 Heart, left ventricle: Myocardial Catecholamines and receptor
agonists--> Brain heart Cardiac glycosides inhibits sodium-
degeneration and necrosis,
Clenbuterol cardiac syndrome, potassium ATPase pump causing
24.1 93 Horse multifocal with histiocytic and
toxicity Pheochromocytoma and disruption of membrane potential
lymphocytic myocarditis and
sympathomimetic drug leading to muscle necrosis
fibroplasia
overdoses

Gossypol (cottonseed) or tremetol

(Eupatorium or white snakeroot Hairy vetch (cattle not horses)
(alcohols), Cantharidin

Intraosseous, proliferative, ddx: Fibrous osteodystrophy,

Mandibular ossifying Gingiva, tooth, and alveolar
24.2 94 Dog expansile, lytic, and invasive osteoma, fibrous dysplasia,
fibroma cortical bone: Ossifying fibroma
in membranous bone osteosarcoma,
Cerebrum, Neuronal
degeneration, necrosis, and loss,
extensive with gliosis, cerebral
Neuronal ceroid Subunit C of mitochondrial
24.3 95 Dog atrophy, meningeal fibrosis,
lipofuscinosis ATP
subdural hemorrhage, and
eosinophilic neuronal cytoplasmic
bodies
DC- CD18, CD1, Cd11c(Neg
Prostate gland: histiocytic E cadherin differentiates histiocytoma
24.4 96 Dog Histocytic sarcoma in Macrophages) ICAM-1
sarcoma from sarcoma
MHCII variable CD45
Kidney: tubular degeneration,
necrosis, and regeneration, diffuse
Hemoglobinuric
25.1 97 dog with hemoglobin and granular IMHA
nephrosis
casts and rare glomerular fibrin
thrombi
Adenocarcinoma; Uterus: Adenocarcinoma and
25.2 98 Rabbit
Leiomyosarcoma Leiomyosarcoma
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx
2007-2008
skeletal muscle: Myocyte
degeneration and necrosis, loss, entities: myositis ossificans,
1 1 Horse Muscle Pseudotumor hypertrophy and regeneration with
myofiber disarray, fibrosis and fibromatosis (desmoid tumor),
chronic active myositis
Lung: fibrosis, interstitial, diffuse, Generalized thickening of the
marked, with type II pneumocyte
Idiopathic Interstitial
2 Dog hyperplasia and intraalveolar
lung disease
macrophages and multinucleated
giant cells
Ileum: Ileitis, proliferative, diffuse,
marked, with villar atrophy and
3 Pig Lawsonia intracellularis
fusion, lymphoid necrosis, crypt
herniation and crypt abscesses
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing and
lymphohistiocytic, diffuse, severe,
4 Pig Porcine circovirus-2
with karyomegaly and botryoid
cytoplasmic inclusions
Gallbladder: Cholecystitis,
neutrophilic, diffuse, mild with
pericholecystic edema
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
necrotizing, histiocytic,
2 5 Horse Rhodococcus equi lymphoplasmacytic and
neutrophilic with fibrin and hyalin
membranes
Lung: Pneumonia,
pyogranulomatous, focally
extensive, severe, with
intrahistiocytic bacilli
notes notes/DDX
Pseudotumor is a group of
musculoaponeurotic
and fibrotic myopathy
West Highland White Terriers:
ddx: chronic bronchiolitis, neoplasia,
and infectious diseases. Idopathic
interstitium by eosinophilic
pulmonary fibrosis also occurs in
extracellular matrix with
middle age to older cats. Equine
variable inflammatory cells
multinodular pulmonary fibrosis is due
and type II hyperplasia: Type
to EHV-5
1 and III collagen
PDNS associated with PCV-2 and
PMWS PRRS with pasteurella multocida and
streptococcus
DAD-diffuse alveolar damage-
diffuse injury to type I
pneumocytes, type II
pneumocytes proliferation and
interstitial fibrosis: Thermal
injury, toxic gases,
septicemia, ingested toxins
(paraquat, kerosene,
Brassica, perilla mint),
endotoxemia, acute
hypersensitivity reactions,
ventilator iduced injury and
chronic left heart failure
virulence factors prevent
lysosomal fusion and or result
in premature lysosomal
degranulation, survival of
bacteria and death of the
macrophage

Spleen, liver, and mediastinal
mass: Neuroblastoma with
6 dog Ganglioneuroblastoma
multifocal poorly differentiated
ganglion cells
Eastern Equine
Brain: Meningoencephalitis,
Encephalitis
7 Horse necrotizing, neutrophilic,
(Togaviridae,
lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic
alphavirus)
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, necrotizing,
acute, multifocal, moderate with
8 Horse Equine Herpes Virus-1
fibrin, edema, syncytia, and
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion
bodies
adrenal gland, cortex: necrosis,
multifocal with rare eosinophilic
intranuclear inclusions
Submandibular salivary gland:
3 9 Mouse Myoepithelioma
Myoepithelioma
Stomach, glandular: Epithelial
Gastric intraepithelial hyperplasia and dysplasia, diffuse,
10 Mouse
neoplasia marked with lymphoplasmacytic
and neutrophilic gastritis
11 Mouse Medulloblastoma Cerebellum: Medulloblastoma
Ganglioneuromas- primitive
Neuroblastoma (CNS, PNS)- neuroepithelial cells with further
derived from neuroectodermal differentiation toward neurons (if they
neural crest cells have both neuroblasts and well
differentiating into neuroblasts differentiated neurons its
ganglioneuroblastoma)
Ganglioneuroblastoma- arise from cranial and spinal ganglia or
sympathetic ganglia of the ANS. Consist of ganlion cells, Schwann
cells, and nerve fibers in variable levels of differentiation
EEE, VEE are lethal in 90% of
WEE- 40% mortality
cases
Uterine vasculitis in small arterioles of
the endometrium--> premature
placental separation. Plaecntal
EHV-1- Abortion, foal
lesions include chorionic villous
mortality, respiratory and
necrosis and fibrinois vascular
neurologic disease: Abortion
necrosis of chorionic blood vessels
after 5 months gestation.
with fibrin thrombi. Virus has been
detected in chorionic endothelial
cells.
Fetal infection- pulmonary EHV-3- Equine coital exanthema;
edema, multifocal hepatic EHV-4- Rhinopneumonitis (but can
necrosis. cause abortion less frequently)
Modified epithelial cell
between epithelial cells and
basement membrane. They
contain long cytoplasmic
Neiplastic cells are positive for
processes that contract upon
cytokeratin, actin, calponin, and
sympathetic or
myosin; Associated finding- Myeloid
parasympathetic stimulation.
hyperplasia
Most commonly from
submaxillary or parotid
salivary glands, mammary
glands, and sweat glands
GIN- pre-invasive neoplastic INS-GAS mouse- gastrin priduced by
lesions not grossly visible; islet Beta cells --> stimulation of
sunonym with atypical gastric acid secretion/ increased
hyperplasia, atypia, parietal and enterochromaffin cell
microadenoma, carcinoma in numbers --> progressive decrease in
situ, and dysplasia gastrin and number of cells
Co infection with H. pylori
leads to atrophy, intestinal
metaplasia, and dysplasia-->
carcinoma
PNET: derived from germinal
neuroepithelial cells, and Palisading and rosettes, carrot
presumably from matrix cells shaped nuclei, frequent mitoses
of the external granular layer
 Kidney: Renal dysplasia, with fetal
glomeruli, fetal mesenchyme,
immature tubules, tubular ectasia
Renal dysplasia; bile
12 Macaque and cysts, and interstitial and
duct hyperplasia
capsular fibrosis with minimal
lymphoplasmacytic interstitial
nephritis and mineralization
Heart: myocarditis,
lymphohistiocytic, chronic,
4 13 Dog canine parvovirus multifocal, moderate, with
necrosis and loss and basophilic
intranuclear inclusions
Footpad: Pododermatitis,
Plasmacytic
14 Cat plasmacytic, chronic, diffuse,
pododermatitis
marked, with fibrosis
Haired skin: Dermatitis and
panniculitis, pyogranulomatous
15 Horse Pythium insidiosum
and eosinophilic with ulceraation,
vasculitis, and hyphae
Feline Vaccine
Haired skin and subcutis:
16 Cat associated
fibrosarcoma
fibrosarcoma
artery: Arteritis, chronic-active,
multifocal to coalescing with
5 17 Horse Strongylus vulgaris diffuse transmural fibrosis, mural
fibrin thrombus, and intrluminal
larval strongyles
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranoproliferative, global,
18 Dog Leishmania infantum diffuse, with lymphoplasmacytic
interstitial nephritis, protein casts,
and intrahistiocytic amastigotes
adrenal gland: Adrenalitis,
histiocytic, neutrophilic, and
plasmacytic, multifocal with
intrahistiocytic amastigotes
Associated with feline
panleukopenia, canine
herpesvirus, and BVDV,
hypovitaminosis A
ddx canine myocarditis:
Distemper, Neospora,
Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma,
Rickettsia rickettsii, Ehrlichia
canis, Bartonella elizabethae,
Prototheca, Borrelia
burgdorferi
Mott cells- gamma globulin;
Plasmacytic stomatitis,
glomerulonephritis, and
amyloidosis are occasionally
seen with this condition
ddx: eosinophilic and
Pythium and Lagenidium are aquatic
granulomatous dermatitis:
dimorphic water molds (protists).
Pythiosis, Habronema, Mast
Infective stage is biflagellate
cell tumor, Eosinophilic
zoospore--> form germ tubes
collagenolytic granulomas
features: peripheral
lymphocytic aggregates, large
histiocytic cells with
intracytoplasmacytic blue-gray
material and areas of
cavitation; Higher degree of
pleomorphism
3 forms: Cutaneous- L. tropica
(Mediteranean),
Mucocutaneous- L.
brazillensis- Central America;
Visceral- L donovani (Europe,
Africa, and Asia)
 Ingestion, percutaenous,
inhalation--> germination --> Lethal toxin results in TNF and IL-1
spleen: Congestion, acute,
encapsulated toxin-producing release and terminal shock; Edema
19 Ox Bacillus anthracis diffuse, severe, lymphocytolysis,
vegetative form (Poly-D- factor results in altered intracellular
and myriad bacilli
glutamate capsule inhibits water and ion concentrations.
phagocytosis)
Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
(Retroviridae)- CAE, OPP
(maediviscna): Gag- group
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
specific nucleocapsid and
chronic, diffuse, with interstitial CAE- Adults- progresive arthritis/ Kids-
Caprine Arthritis matrix glycoprotein/
20 Goat fibrosis, lymphoid hyperplasia, Neurologic disease/ Pneumonia can
Encephalitis Virus antigenic), Pol- Reverse
and type II pneumocyte occur with either form
transcriptase, Env- surface
hyperplasia
glycoprotein, receptro binding
and entry- neutralizing
antibodies
P boydii: 5-8 um septate
Nasal mucosa: Rhinitis,
hypahe with 6-30 um terminal
Pseudiallescheria eosinophilic and granulomatous,
6 21 OX conidia with a discrete outer
boydii diffuse, severe, with numerous
wall, narrow or broad based
fungal conidia and few hyphae
budding
Lung: Bronchitis and bronchiolitis, Reinfection may lead to a metastrongyle features: body cavity,
multifocal to coalescing with hypersensitivity reaction intestine lined by few MN cells,
22 Ox Dictyocaulus viviparous multifocal bronchiolitis obliterans, resembling acute bovine microvilli, accessory hypodermal
adult and larval nematodes and pulmonary edema/ Acute chrods, coelomyarian musculature,
ova respiratory distress syndrome uteri with embryonated eggs
Small intestine: Enteritis,
Heterobilharzia granulomatous, submucosa,
23 Dog
americana circumferential, transumural with
myriad schistosome eggs
Alpha toxin- Lecithinase Beta Toxin- trypsin labile, pore
Small intestine: Villi: Necrosis, (phospholipase) that damages forming toxin causing necrosis,
Clostridium perfringens
24 Ox diffuse, with fibrin thrombi and cell membranes- erythrocytes, decrease dmobility of intestinal villi,
Type C
myriad mixed bacilli platelets, leukocytes, and enhanced bacterial attachment to
endothelial cells villi
Beta2 toxin- unrelated to Beta Epsilon Toxin: Prototoxin
Iota toxin: Increases capillary
toxin- enteric disease in swine and activated by trypsin and
permeability (prototoxin)
typhlocolitis in horses causes necrosis
Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous
and eosinophilic, random and
7 25 Mouse Schistosoma mansoni
portal with trematode eggs and
intravascular trematodes
Artery, pancreas, lymph nodes:
Arteritis and periarteritis, PAN- fibrinoid degeneration
rats- med size arteries in mesenetery
proliferative and necrotizingwith and thickening with
26 Rat Polyarteritis nodosa and pancreas and testes (SD
mineralization and thrombosis; mononuclear cells and few
spontaneous hypertensive rat strains)
exocrine atrophy, draining neutrophils, and thrombosis
hemorrhage
Hemangiosarcoma, Heart, ventricle: Loss of P53--> No P21(G1 phase,
27 Mouse CD31, CD34, VEGFR-2
lymphoma Hemangiosarcoma CyclinD/ CDk4)
 mediastinum, thymus, LN, lung:
lymphoma
Stage
G1
G1--> S
S--> G2 --> M
M Cyclin B/ cdk 1
Kidney: Nephritis,
tubulointerstitial, necrotizing,
Encephalitozoon
28 Rabbit chronic active, multifocal,
cuniculi
moderate, with myriad
microsporidia
Lung: Adenocarcinoma, with
Eosinophilic crystalline
intraalveolar histiocytosis,
Pneumonia;
8 29 Mouse multifocal, moderate with
bronchioalveolar
abundant intracytoplasmic
adenocarcinoma
eosinophilic crystals
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal to Papovaviridae); Cynomolgus
coalescing, moderate with
30 Macaque Polyoma virus
multifocal tubular epithelial
karyomegaly and rare intranuclear dysfunction and nephritis in
inclusion bodies
lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
histiocytic, neutrophilic, chronic
diffuse, moderate, with Type II
31 Macaque Pneumocystis carinii
pneumocyte hyperplasia,
multinucleate giant cells, and
myriad intraalveolar fungi
CD3, and TdT
Cyclin-CDK complex Inhibitors
Cyclin D/ cdk 4 P16INK4a & P21
Cyclin E/ cdk 2 P27
Cyclin A/ cdk 2
Microsporidia- single cell, spore
can cause vasculitis with
forming, intracellular, coiled polar
parasitism of the endothelium;
filament, replication within a
Granulomatous nephritis and
cytoplasmic vacuole, no
meningoencephalitis,
mitochondria, no peroxisomes,
common in C57BL6; diffuse
interstitial macrophages,
MNGC, eosinophils,
lymphocytes, with cuffing;
Very little crystals with
localized macrophages
infiltrates around a tumor;
multifocal infiltrates around
bronchioles with large
rectangular crystals in airways
and minimal macrophages
Large T and Small T antigen
(in all Polyomaviruses;
Polyoma virus is related to
ddx: cytomegalovirus, adenovirus
SV40 and causes renal
immunosuppressed
Cynomolgus monkeys
Impression smear, lung: Numerous epithelial cells, macrophages,
and vacuolated cytoplasms, few neutrophils, and myriad 3-5 um
round cysts containing punctate organisms (trophic bodies) on a blue
granular proteinaceous background

Life cycle: Ingested sporozoites excyst in SI and invade epithelial

Small Intestine: Coccidial cells--> trophozoites form--> Asexual replication follows (shizogeny)
macrogametes, microgamonts, forming Schizonts containinf merozoites--> Schizonts rupture
32 Rabbit Eimeria magna
and oocysts, intraepithelial and releasing merozoites--> merozoites infect other epithelial cells, and
intraluminal replicate eventually forming sexual stages (male /microgamete;
female/ macrogamete) which unite to form oocysts
 Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
Eucoleus is oviparous;
pyogranulomatous and Oslerus (filaroides) osleri (nodules at
Crenosoma vulpis is
Eucoleus (Capillaria) eosinophilic, multifocal, severe, carina) , Dirofilaria, and
9 33 Fox ovoviviparous and tends to
aerophilus with bronchiolar epithelial Angiostrongylus vasorum (both
inhabit the deeper bronchial
hyperplasia, aphasmids, and arterial parasites)
tree
eggs
Myxoma/ Avian Avian Leukosis Sarcoma
Myxoma is composed of embryonal
34 chicken Leukosis Sarcoma Feathered skin: Myxoma Virus, subgroup A- replication
connective tissues
(Alpharetroviridae) deficient retroviruses
Retroviruses
Alpharetrovirus Avial leukosis viruses, avian carcinoma viruses, avian sarcoma
Betaretrovirus Mouse mammary tumor virus;
Gammaretrovirus Feline leukemia virus, Feline
Deltaretrovirus Bovine leukemia virus, human
Epsilonretrovirus Walleye dermal sarcoma
Lentivirus HIV, SIV, Maedi/visna, CAE,
Spumavirus Bovine, Feline, Simian, and human foamy viruses

Virulence factors: Fimbriae,

non-fimbrial outer membrane
Larynx: Laryngitis, proteins, hydroxamate
necrosuppurative, subacute, siderophores and binding dermonecrotic toxin- intracellular
Bordetella focally extensive, severe, with proteins that mobilize iron, bacterial toxin released upon bacterial
35 Squirrel Monkey
bronchiseptica multifocal muscle degeneration, Adenylate cyclase toxin/ lysis that inhibits the Na/K atpase
necrosis, hemorrhage, and hemolysin-> increase in cAMP pump and causes vasocconstriction.
ulceration inhibits respiratory burst and
prevents phagocytosis activity
on neutrophils

LPS- Pyrogenic and

mitogenic, causes
Type III secretion products- Tracheal cytotoxin- stimulates nitric
macrophage chemotaxis and
Inactivate transcription factor oxide production and inteferes with
activation, and induction of
NFkB mucociliary function
tumor necrosis factor
production

Odontomas are tumors in which there is a combination of both

odontogenic epithelial components and dental matrix structures such
as dentin and enamel. The inductive theory of odontogenesis states
Bone, Maxilla: Compound
36 Rat Odontoma that the ameloblastic epithelium promotes the surrounding
odontoma
mesenchymal cells to become odontoblasts. These osontoblasts
produce dentin, which is necessary for the ameloblasts to form
enamel.
 Complex Odontoma- Well
differentiated dentin, enamel, of odontogenic epithelium with
odontogenic epithelium and
cementum (horse/rodent)- they do odontogenesis forming tooth-
NOT form tooth-like structures like structures (denticles)
Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma-
Both dental epithelial tissues and
mesenchymal tissues (pulp),
that are associated with enamel
and dentin
Papillary serous
Ovary: Papillary serous
10 37 Macaque cystadenocarcinoma;
cystadenocarcinoma;
granulosa cell tumor
Ovary: granulosa cell tumor
Ovarian tumors
Sex-cord/stromal (gonadostromal
tumors)
Germ cell tumors
Epithelial tumors
Mesenchymal tumors
Transmissible venereal Kidney: Transmisible Venereal
38 Dog
tumor tumor, metastatic
Compound odontoma- Cords
Odontoameloblastoma- Contain
areas of ameloblastic epithelium that
intermittent complete
are separate from other areas of
complex or compound odontomas
Neoplasms composed of only
Dentinoma- Odontoblasts
epithelium without hard tissue are
producing a calcified dentin
Ameloblastomas. Odontomas are
tissue with no enamel
categorized below
Granulosa cell tumor
Thecoma
Interstitial cell tumors
(luteoma, lipid cell tumor,
steroid cell tumor)
Dysgerminoma
Teratoma
Embryonal carcinoma
Papillary adenoma/
cystadenoma
Papillary adenocarcinoma
Rete adenoma
Hemangioma
Leiomyoma
Class I and II MHC antigens
are not expressed until the TVT expresses TGFB1 and IL-6 both
tumor regresses (Express of which suppress expression of MHC
Class II), and are infiltrated by molecules
T lymphocytes
IHC supports histiocytic
lineage, may be hormone Histo: round to oval cells arranged in
dependent, benign in males, ribbons or palisades, large nulcei,
metastatic in females, 58 central, single nucleolus, faintly
chromosomes (compared to basophilic cytoplasm and vacuolated.
normal 76)
 Endometriosis- Endometrial
glands or stroma explanted to
abnormal locations within
andn outside the uterus; Histo- Adenomyosis- endometrial stroma
Ovary and uterus: endometriosis
39 Macaque Endometriosis Endometrial glands, and or glands within the myometrium
with decidualized stromal cells
endometrial stroma, pigment of the uterine wall
containing histiocytes,
fibrosis, ceroid, lipofuscin, and
hemosiderin
Placenta: Placentitis, necrotizing, PCR and IHC positive for
40 Goat BVDV
multifocal, moderate BVDV
Cytopathic BVD < 100 D Fetal resorption or expulsion
Teratogenic- microencephaly,
cerebellar hypoplasia,
hydranencephaly, hydrocephalus,
100-150 D microophthalmia, thymic aplasia,
hypotrichosis, alopecia,
brachygnathism, growth retardation,
pulmonary hypoplasia
Non-cytopathic strain < 100-125 D PI calves
Normal immune response and
> 150 days
clearing of virus
Osteochondral metaplasia
can occur within any synovial
lined structure. Ectopic
Joint capsule: Osteochondral ossification requires a
11 41 Dog Osteochondromatosis metaplasia vascular supply and the
(osteochondromatosis), diffuse presence of detached osseus
bodies (joint mice) implies
previous attachment to the
synovial surface
Epiphysiolysis in pigs is a
manifestation of osteochondrosis-
Feline physeal dysplasia is
The growth plate has focal failure of
characterized by the
endochondral ossification which
observation of irregular
extends into the metaphysis. The
Dysplasia; physeal Femoral Head: Dysplasia and clusters of chondrocytes that
42 Cat chondrocytes retain normal
fracture fracture of physis are separated by abundant
alignment. This differs from the feline
matrix on both the epiphyseal
disease in that in cats the entire
and metaphyseal side of the
physis is affected and the
physis
chondrocytes are irregular clusters
that have lost their alignment
 Histo: Flattening of osteoblasts and
failure to lay down osteoid. A lattice of
vascularized calcified cartilage is
formed in the metaphysis and is
not replaced by bone. This
Bone, tibia, femur: scorbutic lattice is susceptible to
Osteochondrodysplasia, scorbutic Non-crosslinked collagen microfractures. Vit C is required for
Vitamin C deficiency with lack of normal primary fibrils, leading to blood vessel the differentiation of osteoblasts from
43 Guinea pig
(Scurvey) spongiosa, osteopenia, fragility and poor wound progenitors. There is retention of
microfractures and subperiosteal healing cartilage cores and lack of
hemorrhage, guinea pig ossification. MArrow is replaced by
collagen poor mesenchyme,
chondrocyte columns become
shortened, and the physis
becomes thin and uneven. The
periosetum becomes thickened.
Sub-periosteal radiating Woven bone- Immature, haphazard
Bone, radius, ulna: Hyperostosis, tabecular bone, covered by a fibers/ Lamellar bone- mature, parallel
44 Pig Hyperostosis (sub)periosteal, circumferential, thickened periosteum/ fibers/ Laminar- outer lamellar cortical
severe, landrace pig Osteoblasts are large and bone lacking haversian systems in
may by syncytia large animals
Skeletal muscle: Myositis, H americanum infects skeletal and
Vectors include Amblyomma
pyogranulomatous, multifocal, cardiac muscle, and can cause
Hepatozoon maculatum. Rhipicephalus
12 45 Dog moderate with fibrosis and severe periosteal bone proliferation of
americanum sanguineus is refractory to
intracellular protozoal cysts and proximal limbs (similar to hypertrophic
infection
zoites osteopathy)
Low grade malignancy,
usually metastasize by
exfoliation and implasntation.
Histologic presentations:
Epithelioid (papillary IHC- Vim, Cyt, S-100, HMB-45,
structures lined by cuboidal Negative for carcinoembryonic
basophilic mesothelial cells), antigen CD15: EM shows long
Fibroadipose tissue, mesentery:
46 Dog Mesothelioma Sarcomatous (Spindle cells slender branching and undulate
Mesothelioma
and large anisocytotic cells microvilli on apical surfaces while
with abundant eosinophilic serous carcinomas have fewer
cytoplasm and distince cell variably lengthened straight microvilli
margins), and
Biphasic(features of both
epithelioid and sarcomatous)
forms
Kidney, glomeruli, tubules and
47 Flamingo Visceral gout vessels: Amyloidosis, multifocal
marked
Kidney: Nephritis,
tubulointerstitial, granulomatous,
Gout--> inflammation-->
and heterophilic, multifocal,
amyloidosis
moderate, with protein casts and
urate tophi
 Nasal Turbinates, maxillary bone,
Feline Infectious and hard palate with rhinitis,
48 Cat
Peritonitis (FIP) erosions, fibrin thrombi and bone
remodeling
Secondary to adrenal-
Cysts and squamous Prostate gland: Prostatic cysts, associated endocrinopathy,
13 49 Ferret
metaplasia multiple, ferret elevated LH--> increased
estrogen and progesterone
Prostate gland: Squamous
proliferation of basal cells with
metaplasia, multifocal, with
keratinization
prostatitis, and keratinizing cysts
latent in trigeminal ganglion,
Trachea: tracheitis, necrotizing, reexpressed under stressed.
Infectious subacute, diffuse, moderate, with Endemic forms have low ddx: Avian pox (diphtheritis), NDV, AI,
50 chicken Laryngotracheitis (ILT; epithelial syncytia, intranuclear morbidity and mortality, Infectious bronchitis, Fowl Adenovirus
GHV-1) inclusion bodies, and intraluminal epizootic forms have high and Aspergillosis
serocellular coagulum morbidity and moderate
mortality
Liver: Nodular regeneration, Phomopsin- mitotic arrest in
diffuse, with megalocytosis, biliary metaphase, inability to
51 Lamb Lupinosis ddx: pyrrolizidine alkaloids, aflatoxins
reduplication, and bridging portal regenerate, progressive
fibrosis fibrosis
Liver: Hepatitis, lymphocytic,
subacute, multifocal
Ovine Pulmonary Lung: Carcinoma with interstitial "pulmonary adenomatosis" type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia in
52 Sheep Adenocarcinoma pneumonia and lymphofollicular caused by Jaagsiekte sheep alveoli and clara cell hyperplasia in
(Jaagsiekte)- retrovirus hyperplasia retrovirus (JSRV) bronchioles
Liver: Venous dilatation, portal
and central, diffuse, with
Hepatic venous lymphangiectasia, mild arteriolar
Lobular dissecting hepatitis-
dilatation; biliary and biliary reduplication,
14 53 Dog form of cirrhosis- with
reduplication; dissecting fibrosis, sinusoidal
secondary portal hypertension
sinusoidal capilarization ectasia and capillarization, lobule
atrophy, centrilobular necrosis,
and lipogranulomas
Spinal cord, cervical and thoracic
segments: Myelitis,
Primary cell target is neurons--
54 Bobcat West Nile Virus lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal,
> apoptosis
mild with moderate axonal
degeneration
X-linked recessive defect in
dystrophin gene--> membrane
Skeletal muscle: Myocyte
associated cytoskeletal
hypertrophy, degeneration,
X-linked Muscular protein in heart and skeletal hypertrophy is seen in cats, mice and
55 Dog necrosis, regeneration, and
Dystrophy muscle. Increased the Rat terrier
mineralization, diffuse, severe,
susceptibility to degeneration
with fibrosis
ane necrosis, regeneration
and fibrosis.
 Extraintestinal pathogenic E
Lung: Pneumonia,
coli- pyometra, mastitis, otitis,
necrohemorrhagic, neutrophilic Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor-
56 Dog Necrotoxigenic E coli prostatitis, bacteremia, skin
and histiocytic, with fibrin, edema, Necrotoxic E coli.
disease, cholecystitis and
and bacilli
pneumonia
drugs also imnplicated in EM cause
;the pathogenesis of erythema
multiforme remains unknown. It
appears to represent the end result of
Sulfonamides, tetracyclines, a hypersensitivity reaction to a
amoxicillin, and ampicillin number of infectious and other
most commonly implicated. agents: viral, bacterial, protozoal,
Haired skin: Epidermal necrosis,
Nonsteroidal anti- fungal, or Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Toxic Epidermal diffuse with subepidermal clefting,
15 57 Dog inflammatory medications are (Eaton agent) infection; foods or
Necrosis dermatitis, dermal edema, and
also implicated, and drugs; immunizations; and a variety of
congestion
anticonvulsants, especially other systemic diseases and physical
Tegretol and phenobarbital, agents. Whereas drug reactions and
are also reported. malignancies are important causes of
erythema multiforme in older persons,
infectious diseases are the most
common precipitants in children and
young adults.
Condition Location Characteristics
Lymphohistiocytic, perivascular, and
interface dermatitis with lymphocytic
< 10 body surface, at least 1
Em minor satellitosis (multilevel single cell
mucosal surface
death surrounded by lymphocytes or
macrophages)
10-50% body affected, > 1
High degree of epidermal
EM major mucosal surface, < 10%
inflammation, vesiculobullous lesions
epithelial detachment
50% body affected, 10-30% Severe epithelial necrosis with
Steven-Johnson Syndrome
epithelial detachment mucosal involvement
Full thickness epidermal cell death
Generalized > 30% epithelial
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis with minimal inflammation except
detachment
when ulcerated
Haired skin and panniculus:
resembles Langerhans cell
Feline Progressive Atypical histiocytic proliferation,
histiocytosis and is divided Resembles histiocytic sarcoma; IHC
58 Cat Dendritic Cell diffuse, severe with low numbers
into epitheliotropic and non- Cd18, Cd1, MHCII
Histiocytosis of lymphocytes, plasma cells and
epitheliotropic.
mast cells.
Nodules extend from
superficial dermis to the ddx: Melanomas (have more spindle
This one looks more Starts with single nodule and
subcutis. , top heavy cells, Cd45-, Cd18-, MITF-M+,
like Histiocytic progresses to multiple nodules
configuration, large round to S100+), Xanthomas, Merckel cell
Sarcoma or and then to lymph node
polygonal histiocytic cells, and tumors (packeting, Cyt, NSE, Syn,
fibrosarcoma involvement
multinucleated cells may be ChrA). Mast cell tumors (tryptase+),
present
 Haired skin: Dermatitis and
Tissue cysts- 110um diameter Tachyzoites are 4-7um x 1.5-2 um
furunculosis, pyogranulomatous,
with 1-4 um cyst wall- Brain and may be located within
multifocal, moderate, with
59 Dog Neospora caninum Spinal Cord, rarely muscle, macrophages keratinocytes,
neutrophilic folliculitis and
with numerous 2 x 8 um neutrophils, endothelial cells and
intraepithelial intrahistiocytic and
bradyzooites fibroblasts
free protozoa
epitheliotropic Haired skin: Lymphoma,
60 Dog
lymphoma epitheliotrophic
Bone, skeletal muscle, fibrous
connective tissue, mandible:
Actinomyces bovis/ Pyogranulomas, multifocal to Actinomycetes- Non-acid fast,
16 61 Ox
Lumpy Jaw coalescing with Splendore- GM +,
Hoeppli and gram positive
filamentous bacteria
developing sporoblasts are
Kidney, tubules: Degeneration encased by a bilaminated cell
and necrosis, multifocal, membrane composed of an
62 Horse Klossiella equi coccidian parasite
moderate, with cellular casts, and overlying thin granular layer
protozoa and an underlying dense inner
layer
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial
lymphoplasmacytic with
intratubular crystals
Melanocytes-
neuroectodermal cells,
neoplasia linked to INK4 and
Haired skin and subcutis: Waf-21 genes --> reduced Chondroid or osteoid metaplasia. Vim
63 Pig Melanoma Melanoma, Duroc-Hampshire P53 and Rb function. Altered +, Cyt --, S-100 +, Alpha-1 antitrypsin -
crossbred expression of Cd44 and -.
cadherin, and upregulation of
angiogenic and other growth
factors
Mucocutaneous junction: Chielitis, EM: 250 um 150 um particles,
proloiferative and necrotizing, oval to dumbell shaped core
64 Goat Parapoxvirus (Orf) focally extensive, severe with surrounded by a membrane,
intracytoplasmic eosinophilic lateral bodies, and a surface
inclusion bodies membrane
Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous,
17 65 River Otter Microfilaria eosinophilic with hepatocellular probably D immitis or D lutae
degeneration and microfilaria
EM: piriform to spherical
Esophagus: Esophagitis,
shapes, 4 anterior flagella,
necrotizing, histiocytic,
66 Mourning Dove Trichomonas gallinae undulating membrane,
heterophilic, transmural,
axostyle, pelta surrounding
multifocal, severe, with protozoa
the periflagellar canal
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute,
Yersinia random, multifocal to coalescing,
67 Beaver
pseudotuberculosis severe, with large colonies of
coccobacilli
 Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
Mycobacterium The largest granuloma has
68 Giant Marine Toad multifocal, moderate with acid-fast with chromoblastomycosis
gordonae pigmented fungi/ yeast
bacill
Other lesions- suppurative
endocarditis, epicarditis, Hemoparasitism- Apicomplexa,
Magnificent Bird of Liver: Hemorrhage and necrosis,
18 69 Haemoproteus sp myocarditis, and occasional plasmodidae: Leukocytozoon,
Paradise multifocal with megaloschizonts
endarteritis, coelomitis, and Haemoproteus, and Plasmodium
airsacculitis
Haemoproteus- Schizogeny
Liver: Hepatitis, portal, (merogeny) within visceral
Gametocytes develop in circulating
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal endothelial cells- form very
erythrocytes
moderate lare pale basophilic cysttic
structures (400um)
Leukocytozoon gametocytes also
anemia due to erythrocytic
Liver: Hemosiderosis found in leukocytes, Megaloschizonts
parasitism
are frequently present in tissues

After several cycles of invading

The sporozoites invade erythrocytes, some of the merozoites
In the erythrocyte, they
cells of the The shizonts produce thousands transform into microgametocytes and
develop into trophozoites-->
Plasmodium reticuloendothelial of merozoites, which are released macrogametocytes. These gametes
Then into Schizont --> reinfect
system --> Schizonts and infect erythrocytes. are ingested by a mosquito where
erythrocytes
(liver, kidney, lungs) they further develop and fuse forming
oocysts that develop into sporozoites.

Trophozoites in the Reticuloendothelial hyperplasia,

peripheral blood and Gametocytes occupy less lymphocytic infiltration, and often high
Malarial pigment in the erythrocyte
Histo gametocytes or than 50% of the host cell numbers of macrophages containing
from digestion of hemoglobin
schizonts in blood cells cytoplasm malarial pigment in the lung, liver,
other than erythrocytes. kidney and spleen

schizogony in liver or entry into

second generation develops
nsect bites bird > circulating erythrocytes or leukocytes
Schizonts develop in liver > in liver and phagocytic cells
sporozoites in salivary > development into microgamonts or
Leucocytozoon release of thousands of throughout body > become
gland of insect enter macrogametes > insect feeds on bird
merozoites (1 um) megaloschizonts (100-200
bloodstream > sexual maturation, fertilization, and
um)
sporogony take place in insect

Intracellular round-to-
elongate gametocyte,
that causes the host Megaloschizonts and schizonts in Usually minimal host
cell (usually immature various organs, including liver, response; sometimes
Histo erythrocytes) to enlarge brain, heart, spleen, kidney, associated with
and appear to have two gizzard, and occasionally feather lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates
nuclei (marginalized pulp and multifocal necrosis
host nucleus and
parasite nucleus)
 Schizogeny (merogeny)
within visceral
endothelial cells- form Gametocytes develop in
Haemoproteus
very lare pale circulating erythrocytes
basophilic cysttic
structures (400um)

within erythrocytes, the

gametocyte contains
yellow to brown Other lesions- suppurative
refractile spicules. The endocarditis, epicarditis,
Histo gametocyte occupies myocarditis, and occasional
over 50% of the of the endarteritis, coelomitis, and
red cell cytoplasm, that airsacculitis
partially encircles the
nucleus.

and undergo asexual division

Atoxoplasma enters the blood (MEROGENY- FORMING
The resulting merozoites form
sporocysts stream via the vasculature of the MEROZOITES, Schizonts
microgametes and macrogametes.
of Isospora and Atoxopl small are not appreciable) in
Atoxoplasma Gametogony, the sexual stage of the
asma invade intestinal intestine. Atoxoplasma sporocysts circulating and tissue
coccidian life cycle, occurs in
epithelial cells. subsequently invade mononuclear lymphocytes, monocytes, and
intestinal epithelial cells
leukocytes macrophages, as well as in
intestinal epithelial cells

Cytologic and histologic specimens

reveal granulomatous to
Characteristic lymphohistiocytic inflammation of the
sporozoite in the heart, spleen, intestine, and
At necropsy, infected birds
mononuclear leukocyte liver.5,11 Macrophages may contain
have hepatomegaly and
cytoplasm. It is pale- Identification of atoxoplasma atoxoplasma merozoites. This form of
splenomegaly. Small, white
staining, round-to-oval oocysts is notoriously difficult the organism is round to oval, 3-5 m
Histo foci are visible grossly on the
intracytoplasmic because of structural similarity to m diameter, cytoplasmic inclusion
liver and heart.5,9 The
inclusion that those of Isospora sp. that causes indentation of the host
intestines may be distended
compresses the host cell nucleus, giving infected cells a
and have translucent walls.7
cell nucleus into a characteristic appearance. Monocytes
crescent shape. and lymphocytes containing
merozoites may be seen within blood
vessels on histologic sections.
 Brain, telencephalon: Brain, spinal cord and retina are
Viral encephalopathy and
Encephalitis, histiocytic, primary targets, causing vacuolation
retinopathy (VER), also known
70 Atlantic Cod Nodavirus multifocal, moderate, with and neuronal degeneration0 also
as viral nervous necrosis
necrosis, neuronal vacuolation, seen in gills and heart- necrosis and
(VNN)- beta-nodavirus
and spongioform change lymphocytes and mononuclear cells
Intestinal Small intestine, mesentery:
71 Alpaca
adenocarcinoma Carcinoma, anaplastic
Small intestine: Enteritis,
necrotizing, acute, diffuse, severe
withfibrin, hemorrhage, edema,
and vasculitis, and fibrin thrombi

Cloacal papillomatosis; Internal Papillomatosis of Herpesvirus inclusions identified as

bile duct carcinoma Liver: Bile duct carcinoma, scarlet Parrots (IPP) - progressive Psittacid herpesvirus-2. DDX:
72 Scarlet McCaw
(Alphaherpesvirus macaw development of tumors in the Papillomavirus, chronic inflammation,
associated) oral and cloacal mucosa. vitamin A deficiency
ddx: Mycoplasma felis,
Heart, epicardium: epicarditis,
streptococcal polyarthritis with
19 73 Horse Actinobacillus spp fibrinous, chronic active, diffuse,
pericarditis, and mare
severe, with granulation tissue
reproductive loss syndrome
Kidney, corticomedullary junction
and medulla: Nephritis,
tubulointerstitial, acute, multifocal,
74 Cat Melamine toxicosis
mild with tubular necrosis and
degeneration and numerous
intratubular crystals
GCT- lower trachea and thought to be neuroectodermal origin,
bronchi, peri- and PAS positive cytoplasmic granules,
75 Horse Granular cell tumor Lung: Granular cell tumor endobronchial tumors. Slow diastase resistant (secondary
growing benign neoplasms, lysosomes, or phagosomes (myelin
resulting in airway obstruction figures)

eyes beak nares, vent, feet, (Dry

form)/ Fibrinous to caseous mucosal
Cutaneous form (dry pox),
Skin: Epithelium: Intracytoplasmic lesions on tongue, pharynx, and
76 rosy finch Avian Poxvirus Diphtheroid form (Wet pox),
inclusions with mature virions larynx (wet): DDX for wet form Vit A
and septicemic form
deficiency, ILT, Trichomonas gallinae,
Capillaria, and Candida albicans

Primary or Secondary
Disease- due to cholelithiasis,
Liver: cholangiohepatitis, chronic- duodenal inflammation, Suppurative cholangiohepatitis- most
active, diffuse, severe, with bile intestinal obstruction, common with cholelithiasis
20 77 Horse Cholangiohepatitis
duct hyperplasia with bridging neoplasia, parasitism, and (ascending infections)- E coli,
fibrosis and cholestasis certain toxins, such as Salmonella, Aeomonas, Citrobacter
pyrrolizidine, alkaloid and
alsike clover
 Adrenal gland:
78 Tamarin Pheochromocytoma most often non-funtional
Pheochromocytoma
Urinary bladder: Cystitis,
necrohemorrhagic, transmural, Human- C diphtheriae/ Bovine- sheep- ulcerative posthitis- C renale,
79 Macaque Corynebacterium
diffuse, severe, with fibrin, edema, C renale and cystiditis Rhodococcus equi, C hofmanni
and large colonies of bacilli
Glabrous skin: Dermatitis, Typical - pustules- face,
vesiculopustular, focally hands, feet, mucous other orthopoxvirus- variola
Monkeypox virus
80 Macaque extensive, marked, with membranes, pharynx, larynx, (smallpox), vaccinia (smalpox
(orthopox)
acanthosis, and balooning trachea, lung, spleen, lymph vaccine), cowpox
degeneration nodes
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
necroulcerative, neutrophilic and
ddx: Herpes simplex type 1 and 2
eosinophilic, focally extensive with
balooning degeneration
Tongue: Glossitis,
necroulcerative, neutrohilic and
eosinophilic, multifocal, marked,
with balooning degeneration and
intralesional cocci
Lung, artery: Pulmonary
arteriopathy characterized by
Pulmonary Mean pulmonary arterial secondary - increased left atrial
subintimal and medial
21 81 Dog hypertensive pressure > 25 mmHg (rest), pressure or increased pulmonary
hypertrophy, intimal fibrosis, and
arteriopathy and >30 mmHg (Active) vascular resistance
cellular thickening, plexiform
lesions, and arteritis

Plexiform lesion= transmural

destruction that is repaired by
granulation tissue / n plexogenic
angiopathy, the parent muscular
artery shows medial and intimal
Hearworm, Chronic thickening. The plexiform lesion
respiratory disease, develops at a branch point (arrow)
thromboembolism, probably as a result of shear
vascular remodeling stress. Damage results in
transmural destruction that is
repaired by granulation tissue
(=plexiform lesion). An elastic
tissue stain would show loss of
one or both of the elastic layers.
Pulmonary arteriopathy- constrictive
and complex, obstructive, and
Dilation lesion: This plexiform
proliferative vascular lesions in pre-
lesion (center) is surrounded
and intra-acinar pulmonary arteries-->
by a number of dilated, empty
right sided heart failure/ Histologic
vascular channels (arrows) of
lesions- concentric intimal cellular
the post-plexiform dilation
proliferation and fibrosis, non-specific
lesion.
medial hypertrophy, muscularization,
fibrinoid degeneration and arteritis

Meninges, spinal nerve root:

Choroid plexus
82 Dog Metastatic choroid plexus Ependymoma Choroid Plexus Papilloma
carcinoma
carcinoma
Cytokeratin Usually Negative Positive
vimentin Positive Positive
GFAP Positive Usually Negative, but rarely positive
 Esophagus: Myositis,
Idiopathic/presumed Immune Secondary- Neospora, Toxoplasma,
lymphoplamacytic, histiocytic,
mediate- Polymyositis, Hepatozoon, clostridium chauvoei,
subacute to chronic, diffuse,
83 Dog Polymyositis Masticatory Myositis, ehrlichia canis, paraneoplastic
moderate with muscle
Extraocular myositis, diseases (thymoma), Drug induced
degeneration, necrosis, and
dermatomyositis myopathies, SLE
regeneration
calcitonin +/ Cell tumors in
C-cell parafollicular Fibrovascular tissue, ventral neck:
84 Dog Bulls part of Multiple MEN- Neural crest origiin
carcinoma C-cell (parafollicular) carcinoma
Endocrine Neoplasia
Brain, cerebrum and cerebellum:
Also can have hemorrhagic
Meningoencephalitis,
22 85 Dog Prototheca sp colitis in dogs, and mastitis in
granulomatous, multifocal,
cows
moderate with algae
Brain, cerebrum: Vasculitis and
meningoencepahlitis, necrotizing,
subacute, multifocal, marked, with
86 Deer Aspergillus flavus
hemorrhage, edema, fibrin,
thrombi with cortical coagulative
necrosis and hyphae
Swollen neurons, cytoplasmic
GM2- defect in the alpha- vacuoles consisting of lysosomes
Brain, cerebrum, neurons and
subunit, Beta-subunit, or the distended with accumulated
87 Kitten GM2 gangliosidosis glia: Cytoplasmic vacuoles,
GM2 activator of gangliosides, Oli Red O and Sudan
diffuse, moderate
hexosaminidase Black may be positive, EM shows
onion skin whorls
Brainstem: Encephalitis, Primary Amoebic Encephalitis
necrotizing, subacute, multifocal, (PAM) is the name for human
88 Ox Naegleria fowleri
moderate with hemorrhage and infection with Naegleria
amoebic trophozoites fowlerii

Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute,

Clostridium piliforme random, severe, with fibrin,
23 89 Sugar Glider
(Tyzzer's Disease) hemorrhage, and hepatocellular
intracytoplasmic bacilli

Type III secretory Apparatus:

Enteroinvasive E coli,
Colon: Colitis, fibrinonecrotic, yersinia enterocolitica or
Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia
90 Macaque Shigella flexneri type IV subacute, diffuse, severe with pseudotuberculosis (Spleen, or
enterocolitica, Chlamydia,
edema and pseudomembrane enteritis)
Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas,
Ralstonia, Erwinia

Liver: Hepatocyte degeneration

Multifocal necrotizing
and necrosis, single cell, random,
91 Taita falcon Falcon Adenovirus hepatitis, and splenitis, with
moderate with basophliic
intranuclear inclusions
intranuclear inclusion bodies
Liver: Hepatitis, portal,
ddx: Herpesvirus hepatitis,
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal,
and Adenovirus hepatitis
moderate
 Non-contagious/ Central 200-
400 um / or 20-40 um
adiaspore, with thick capsule
Lung: Pneumonia, with pyogranulomatous ddx: Coccidioides immitis,
Chrysosporium parvum
92 Ground Squirrel pyogranulomatous, multifocal, inflammation. The center of Rhinosporidium seeberi (mucicarmine
(adiaspiromycosis)
moderate, with fungal conidia the adiospore contains positive)
amphophilic to
basophilicglobules, no
budding or endosporulation

Differential diagnosis includes other fungi

of similar size and morphology, such as Infection
Coccidioides immitis and Rhinosporidium occurs when the conidia (spores) The adiaspores
are inhaled.1 The are round, up to 250 m in
seeberi. Morphologically, C. parvum (20-
name, adiaspore, refers to a spore diameter with a 20-30 m
70m) has a thick capsule while C.
that grows in size without thick refractile non-staining
immitis (12m) and R. seeberi (35m)
replicating in tissues. The cell wall (Fig. 4-2). The which appear grossly as
have relatively thin capsules.4 The
inhaled conidia simply enlarge in center contains amophophilic gray white nodules in the lungs. The
presence of endospores occurs with
the lung tissue and are globular material. The cell lung is the only
C.immitis and R. seeberi, but not C.
eventually removed by the wall stains dark purple with organ known to be infected.
parvum.4 C. parvum infection does not
immune system; thus, the disease the Periodic Acid-Schiff
produce hyphae, unlike C. immitis.4
is not contagious. 1,4 The most (PAS) stain (fig. 4-3) and
Histochemically, the capsules of all three
susceptible animals black with Grocotts
stain with PAS and GMS.4 The capsule
are those that live in close contact Methenamine Silver (GMS)
of R. seeberi also stains with mucicarmine,
with soil
unlike the other two.4

Liver: Hepatocellular necrosis,

Massive sto
acute, submassive to massive,
24 93 Dog submassive hepatic
diffuse, with hemorrhage and
necrosis
canalicular cholestasis
Kidney: degeneration and
Myoglobinuric necrosis, tubular, acute,
94 Dog
nephrosis multifocal, moderate with orange-
red brown casts
acute tubular necrosis-->
kidney: Anisotropic green brown vasoconstriction, lipid
crystals, intratubular peroxidation, acidification of
urine

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (Men

Hyperplastic proliferation of 2B in humans)- medullary thyroid
ganglion cells, nerve fibers, carcinomas (C-cell/parafollicular),
Ganglioneuromatosis Cecum: Ganglioneuromatosis with
95 Dog and supporting cells/ Not pheochromocytoma, multiple mucosal
with intussusception intussusception
associated with MEN as in neuromas, gastrointestinal
humans ganglioneuromatosis, corneal
thickening and skeletal abnormalities
 Pathogenesis: coagulation of
Esophagus: Esophagitis, fibrin following minor
proliferative, fibrinous, neutrohilic mechanical injury. The fibrin is
Ligneous conjunctivitis
and lymphoplasmacytic, not removed in individuals conjunctival and mucous memebrane
96 Dog (plasminogen
multifocal, marked with ulceration, with plasminogen deficiecny, lesions;
deficiency)
acantholysis, granulation tissue and granulation tissue is not
and subepithelial fibrin remodeled, and wound
healing is arrested
gills: 2 sets of 4 holobranchs
on eithe side of the pharynx.
Gill: Branchitis, lymphocytic and Cells on primary and secondary
Holobrach = 2 hemibranchs
granulocytic, multifocal with lamella are melanocytes,
that project from the posterior
25 97 Discus fish Dactylogyrus sp blunting, fusion, and loss of lymphocytes, macrophages,
edge of the branchial arch.
lamellae, mild epithelial endothelial cells, mucous cells, and
Hemibranchs contain
hyperplaisa and adult trematodes chloride cells
numerous primary lamellae
and secondary lamella
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous
Granulomatous and
98 Rat and eosinophilic, multifocal, Model for asthma
eosinophilic pneumonia
mdoerate
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranoproliferative, glpobal,
diffuse, severe, with multifocal
Glomerulonephritis from
tubular degeneration and Plasmodium- intracellular protozoan
99 Owl Monkey Plasmodium sp malaria, intersittial nephritis as
necrosis, suppurative tubulitis, parasites
underlying disease
tubular ectasia, and proteinosis,
and lymphoplasmacytic interstitial
nephritis
Haired skin and oral mucosa:
Dermatitis and stomatitis,
necroulcerative, neutrophilic, and
Simian varicella virus
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal, Closely resembles Varicella Mild to severe lesions with
100 Macaque (SVV)-
marked with vesiculopustules, Zoster (chicken pox) pneumonia, hepatitis, and death
Alphaherpesvirus
epithelial dyscohesion,
syncytia, and intranuclear
inclusion bodies
 Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX
2006-2007
Eye: Uveitis, pyogranulomatous,
Blastomyces
1 1 Cat multifocal, with retinitis, retinal
dermatitidis
detachment, and yeasts
Murine coronavirus Liver: Necrosis, multifocal to
2 Mouse
(mouse hepatitis virus) coalescing, with syncytia
Ileum: Ileitis, diffuse with myriad
3 Pig Eimeria sp
coccidia
Histo: Syncytial masses of
trophoblast-like cells with
abundant vacuolated,
Endometrium: Fibrosis, eosinophilic cytoplasm often
hemorrhage, and subacute surroundeing vessels/ A
4 Dog Placental site involution
inflammation with trophoblast-like plaque protrudes into the
cells lumen composed of
eosinophilic necrotic debris,
fibrin and regenerating
endometrium
Granulomatous Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
pneumonia/ multifocal with hemorrhage and
2 5 Goat
Corynebacterium lymphoplasmacytic
pseudotuberculosis peribronchiolar inflammation

Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration

European Brown Hare related to Rabbit Hemorrhagic
6 Hare and necrosis, periportal, diffuse
Syndrome (calicivirus) Disease Virus
with hemorrhage
rumen: Rumenitis, proliferative,
and necrotizing, multifocal,
Parapoxvirus
7 Goat moderate with epithelial balooning
(Contagious ecthyma)
degeneration and intracytoplasmic
inclusions
H5N1 Avian Influenza
Liver: Necrosis, random,
8 Cat virus (Type A
multifocal
Orthomyxovirus)
Small intestine: enteritis,
Mycobacterium avium
3 9 Sheep granulomatous, chronic, multifocal
paratuberculosis
with lymphangitis and edema

Lymph node: Lymphadenitis,

granulomatous, chronic, multifocal
 Fibrinous exudate distends
urinary space, tubules
distended by sero-
hemorrhagic fluid and
proteinaceous casts. Sparse
Kidney: glomerulonephritis,
focal lymphocytes in the
necrotizing with hemorrhage and
interstitium. Infrequent
Porcine dermatitis and proteinaceous casts, glomerular
10 Pig arcuate and interlobular
nephropathy syndrome fibrin thrombi and neutrophilic
arterioles have fibrinoid
tubulitis, tubular degeneration,
degeneration of the media
necrosis, and regeneration
accompanied by endothelial
cell necrosis, thrombosis and
leukocyte infiltration of the
vessel wall and perivascular
tissue
Spleen: Vasculitis, necrotizing,
diffuse with lymphoid depletion Type III hypersensitivity or
and moderate granulomatous Cytotoxic T cell response
splenitis
Necrohemorrhagic
colon: colitis, necrotizing, diffuse,
11 Whitetail deer colitis (Clostridium
with hemorrhage
perfringesn type A)
Mammary gland: Mastitis,
12 Ox Prototheca zopfii granulomatous and eosinophilic,
chronic, diffuse with myriad algae
Skeletal muscle: degeneration
and necrosis, multifocal to
Capture myopathy; coalescing, severe with histiocytic
4 13 Mule deer
sarcocystis inflammation, satellite cell
proliferation and interstitial
hemorrhage
Aspergillus funigatus; Lung: Granulomaa, multifocal and
14 Elk
Hyperostosis coalescing with myriad hyphae
Hypertrophic osteopathy in Dog:
periostium is markedly
Endocarditis, Dirofilaria,
thickened by parallel and
Rhabdomyosarcoma of urinary
Bone: Hyperostosis, periosteal, perpendicularly oriented
bladder, Esophageal granulomas and
diffuse trabeculae of immature bone
spirocerca lupi, Hepatozoon
with abundant osteoblastic
americanum, intrathoracic neoplasia
activity
or inflammation

Haired skin: Atypical

mesenchymal proliferation,
dermal, focally extensive with
Leporipoxvirus (hare
15 hare epithelial balooning degeneration,
fibroma)
epithelial and mesenchymal
eosinophilic cytoplasmic
inclusions (hare fibroma)
 Escherichia coli O type Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
16 Dog
6 necrotizing with myriad bacteria
Antimitotic effect, continued
Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration
Senecio: Acute: Necrosis; nucleoprotein synthesis leads to large
and necrosis, multifocal, random
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid Chronic- Fibrosis and nucleus and cytoplasm/ Liver damage
5 17 Sheep with megalocytosis and nodular
toxicosis megalocytosis/ Chronic may lead to hepatogenous
regeneration and chronic portal
copper intoxication photosensitization (impaired excretion
hepatitis with biliary hyperplasia
of phylloerythrin)
Bone marrow and Lung: Bone marrow and
18 Rabbit fibrocartilaginous fibrocartilaginous emboli, F344 rats
emboli numerous
LGL; histiocytic Liver, spleen: Large granular
19 rat
sarcoma lymphocytic leukemia
Liver, veins: Histiocytic sarcoma
Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration
and necrosis, multifocal, random
with biliary hyperplasia

Spinal cord and meninges:

Vasculitis, necrotizing, multifocal
Juvenile Polyarteritis
20 Dog marked with neutrophilic and
Syndrome
histiocytic meningitis and severe
meningeal hemorrhage
Liver: Hepatocellular
6 21 Bison hepatic lipidosis microvesicular change, lipid-type,
diffuse, severe
22 Dog chondrosarcoma Lung: Chondrosarcoma
Lung, vessels: Intrahistiocytic
23 Cat Cytauxzoon felis schizonts, myriad with diffuse
hemorrhage and edema
Spleen, vessels and red-pulp:
Intrahistiocytic schizonts
spleen, white pulp: Lymphoid
depletion
Large muscular artery:
24 Dog Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis, chronic, Hypothyroidism
multifocal with thrrombosis
Ulceration and dense mats of
invasive spirochetes:
Glabrous skin: epidermal
Parakeratotic hyperkeratosis,
hyperplasia, papillated, diffuse,
epidermal acanthotic Compare: Interdigital necrobacillosis
Papillomatous digital marked with orthokeratotic and
hyperplaisa, ulceration of tips (footrot)- deep fissures, caseous
7 25 Ox dermatitis (foot warts, parakeratotic hyperkeratosis,
of dermal papillae, necrosis of dermis with exudative
hairy heel warts) superficial necrosis, chronic active
colonization of the stratum cellulitis
dermatitis and intracorneal
corneum and invasion of the
bacteria
stratum spinosum and dermal
papillaw by spirchetes
Echinococcus Lung: hydatid cyst with mild
26 Goat
granulosus interstitial fibrosis
 Footpad: Epidermal hyperplasia
with orthokeratotic and
Canine Morbillivirus parakeratotic hyperkeratosis, rare
27 Dog
(canine distemper virus) syncytia and numerous epithelial
eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
inclusions
Pituitary gland, pars distalis:
28 Horse Pituitary Adenoma
adenoma
Histo- chitinized cuticle, jointed
appendages, striated musculature,
Lung: Bronchiolitis,
body cavity, digestive tract, and
granulomatous and eosinophilic, Gross- 1-7 mm diameter
reproductive structures, golden brown
Pneumonyssus multifocal with bronchiolectasis yellow or gray cystic foci (mite
8 29 Macaque refractile mite pigment,
simicola and abundant anisotropic yellow- houses) throughout the
granulomatous bronchiolitis, alveolar
brown mite pigment and adult parenchyma
emphysema, bronchiolar smooth
mites
muscle hyperplasia, and interstitial
fibrosis.
Nasal Passage Lung
Metastrongylus sp- bronchi,
Oestrus ovis Sheep swine
bronchioles
Linguatula serrata Protostrongylus rufescens-
dogs sheep, goats
(pentastome) bronchioles
Pneumonyssus
caninum doga Muellerius capillaris- alveoli sheep, goats
(arthropod)
Anatrichosoma sp
Nonhuman primates Filaroides osleri- trachea, bronchi dogs
(nematode)
Halicephalobus
Filaroides milksi/hirthi- bronchi,
deletrix horses dogs
bronchioles, alveoli
(nematode)
Syngamus
laryngeus cat, cattle Capillaria aeophila- trachea birds
(nematode)
Cephenemyia sp
Wild Cervids Syngamus trachea birds
(Arthropod)
Rhinophagia sp Angiostrongylus vasorum
Old World Monkeys dogs, foxes
(Arthropod) (pulmonary arteries)
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
(pulmonary arteries and rats
capillaries)
Dictyocaulus filaria (bronchi,
sheep, goats
bronchioles)
Dictyocaulus viviparous cattle
Dictyocaulus arnfeldi horses, donkeys
Aleurostrongylus abstrusus
cats
(bronchioles, alveolar ducts)
Otostrongylus circumlitis (bronchi,
pinnipeds
bronchioles)
Parafilaroides decorus (bronchi,
pinnipeds
bronchioles)
 Skeletal muscle: Myositis,
pyogranulomatous, diffuse,
marked with myocyte ddx: Neospora, Toxoplasma,
30 Dog Toxoplasma
degeneration, necrosis, Sarcocystis canis
regeneration, and numerous
protozoal cysts
Brain, cerebrum: ventriculitis, and
periventriculitis, granulomatous,
31 Cat Feline Coronavirus FIP
diffuse, moderate with lymphocytic
perivasculitis
Bovine Coronavirus
Gastroenteritis
(winter dysentery)
Canine coronavirus Enteritis
Peritonitis, pneumonia,
meningoencephalitis,
Feline Coronavirus FIP
panophthalmitis, granulomatous
vasculitis
Feline enteric
Diarrhea in kittens
coronavirus
Mouse hepatitis virus Hepatic necrosis, enteritis,
(MHV) encephalomyelitis, syncytia
Porcine transmissible
gastroenteritis
gastroenteritis (TGE)
Porcine
Vomiting wasting, and
Hemagglutinating
encephalomyelitis
encephalomyelitis virus
Rat coronavirus Rhinitis, tracheitis, pneumonitis
Rat sialodacryoadenitis Sialodacryoadenitis, porphyrin,
virus squamous metaplasia or ducts
Avian infectious
Tracheobronchitis, nephritis
bronchitis
Bluecomb (turkeys) Enteritis, myocarditis
Rabbit coronavirus Enteritis, myocarditis
Severe acute respiratory
SARS virus
syndrome
Epizootic catarrhal profuse green mucoid diarrhea in
enteritis adults
Ferret FIP like dz coronavirus

Small Intestine, lamina propria:

Amyloidosis, diffuse, marked, with
32 Macaque Amyloidosis
moderate villar blunting and fusion
and lmyphangiectasia
 Sandfly- promastigote/ amastigotes
multiply intracellularly in host
Head, multiple cross sections: cutaneous, mucocutaneous macrophages: Promastigotes
dermatitis and panniculitis, and visceral. Amastigotes are released into the host dermis are
leishmania histiocytic and neutrophilic, identified within macrophages phagocytosed by macrophages-->
9 33 Mouse
amazonensis chronic, diffuse, severe with mild but can occasionally be found acidity induces transformation into
rhinitis and myriad intrahistiocytic within other leukocytes, amastigotes. Amastigotes have a
protozoal amastigotes endothelial cells or fibroblasts proton transporting ATPase-->
parasite multiplication cause rupture
of macrophages
M. capricolum ssp
capripneumoniae--> thorax, M. mycoides ssp mycoides LC type
Lung: Bronchopneumonia, chronic-
Mycoplasma mycoides only pleuropneumonia causes pleuropneumonia and
34 Goat active, multifocal, moderate with
mycoides LC type (intersittial edema and septicemia, mastitis, keratitis,
marked fibrinous pleuritis
pulmonary sequestra are not arthritis, or genital lesions
prominent features)

Mycoplasma species
Mycoplasma bovis Mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia cattle
contagious Bovine
M. mycoides mycoides SC type Cattle
Pleuropneumonia
Pneumonia, arthritis, mastitis,
M. mycoides mycoides LC type goats, sheep
septicemia
Mycoplasma capricolum ssp contagious caprine
goats
capripnuemoniae pleuropneumonia
Mastitis (contagious
Mycoplasma agalactiae agalactia), arthritis, Goats sheep
pneumonia
Mycoplasma capricolum ssp Septicemia, mastitis,
Goats, sheep
capricolum polyarthritis, pneumonia
Septicemia,
Mycoplasma mycoides ssp capri pleuropneumonia, arthritis, goats
mastitis
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Enzootic pneumonia of swine pigs
Pneumonia, arthritis,
Mycoplasma hyorhinis pigs
polyserositis
Mycoplasma hyosynoviae Polyarthritis pigs

Spleen: Splenitis, necrotizing,

acute, multifocal to coalescing, F. tularensis ssp tularensis -
35 cat Francisella tularensis F tularensis ssp holarctica - type B
severe, lymphoid depletion and Type A
fibrin thrombi
 Guinea Pigs: discoidal,
labyrinthine, hemochorial
placenta. A separate
subplacenta (specialized
Nonspecific endometritis is common
Metritis with retained Uterus: Metritis, subacute, diffuse, segment of the chorioallantoic
in the postpartum uterus- abnormal
placenta; Proteus mild with hemorrhage, congestion, placenta- source of
36 Guinea pig deliveries, abortion, retained
mirabilis, Citrobacter edema, colonies of bacilli, and trophoblast invasion into
placenta, dystocia, twinning, and
freundii, and E coli retained placenta endometrium) and yolk sac
traumatic injurites
placenta (selective absorption
and transfer of meternal
immunoglobulins for fetal
immunoprotection)
Destroys bone as expands
and is always surrounded by a
ri mof bone; 2 cell types-
mononuclear stromal cells
Vertebra, coccygeal: Giant cell with histiocytic or fibrous
10 37 Cat Giant cell tumor of bone ddx: Giant cell type osteosarcoma
tumor of bone appearance; Multinucleate
cells resemble osteoclasts;
Giant cells are scattered
uniformly and nuclei resemble
mononuclear cells
Long bone: Osteopenia, diffuse, Type 1 collagen- bone
Osteogenesis
38 Dog marked with failure to develop fractures, joint laxity, defective
imperfecta
secondary spongiosa dentin, scleral thining

Cell type: Osteoblastic (anaplastic

osteoblasts and plump to spindle
Matrix: Simple (osteoid and
shaped osteogenic precursor cells
bone); Compound (Osteoid,
Chondroblastic Bone, skull: Osteosarcoma, with angular borders, eccentric
39 Dog bone and cartilage);
osteosarcoma chondroblastic hyperchromatic nuclei;
Pleomorphic (anaplastic with
Chondroblastic (neoplastic bone and
small islands of osteoid)
cartilage); fibroblastic (spindle cell
population resembles fibrosarcoma)
Histo: Lobules- 1) basophilic matrical
cells, located at the periphery, 2)
Malignant Bone, vertebral body: Malignant Epithelial to mesenchymal Necrotic keratinized ghost cells
40 Dog
pilomatricoma pilomatricoma, metastatic transitions (TGF-B) centrally. In the malignant tumor
basal cells are invasive into adjacent
stroma
Factors in bone metastasis: Blood
Skeletal metastasis: Most flow- vertebral columns, ribs, proximal
common sites are axial long bones. Bones store growth
skeleton and proximal ong regulatory factors (TGF-b), BMP,
bones PDGF, Monocyte chemoatrrractant
protein 1, stromal cell derived factor-1
 T cell origin/ CD 3, usually
CD8 + with beta-1 and 2
integrins/// Tropism for the
epidermal mucosal epithelium
and adnexa. Intra-epithelial
Presentation: pruritic erythema and
neoplastic lymphocytes are
Epitheliotropic Eye, limbus: Epitheliotropic scaling, mucocutaneous ulceration,
11 41 dog either diffusely distributed
lymphoma lymhphoma with keratitis solitary or multiple plaques, infiltrative
within the epithelium or form
or ulcerative mucosal disease
discrete aggregates (Pautriers
microabscesses). Infiltration
of apocrine glands, nuclei can
have cerebriform morphology
(mycosis cell)

White granular proliferative

Eye: Keratitis, eosinophilic and
lymphoplasmacytic with edema
42 Cat Eosinophilic keratitis
and superficial eosinophilic
coagula
Eye, retina and uvea: vascular
fibrinoid change, multifocal with
Hypertensive fibrin, hemorrhage, and edema,
43 Cat
retinopathy mild lymphoplasmacytic uveitis,
retinal atrophy, and preiridial
fibrovascular membrane
lesion extending inwardly
along corneal surface from Superficial corneal stroma infiltrated
the medial or lateral limbus. by eosinophils, plasma cells, mast
Can extend to conjunctiva and cells, macrophages
third eyelid. Unilateral or
bilateral
damage to endothelial cells
Hypertension leads to multifocal
leading to arteriolar dilatation,
retinal necrosis which involves the
discontinuity of the endothelial
outer retinal layers including the RPE.
layer, increased permeability
GFAP shows increased numbers of
and insudation of plasma
Muellers cells in the ganglion layer
proteins into the vascular wall,
and inner and outer limiting
medial hypertrophy with
memebranes
adventitial fibrosis

Intravascular cellular accumulations

of bland spindle cells that partially or
Multisystemic in cats involving
completely occlude arterioles, they
Heart: Reactive the heart and brain and is
Reactive are arranged in tight or loose whorls
44 Cat angioendotheliomatosis with fibrin fatal. (bening in humans).
angioendotheliomatosis and nests. Affected vessels are
thrombi vWF and Vimentin +/ whereas
thickened by proliferative adeventitial
Cyt CD18, Cd79, and CD 3--
fibroblasts and are surrounded by
moderate mucinous accumulations.
Elementary Body (EB)-
infectious form- small electron Reticulate Body (RB)- larger
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
dense nucleoid at the intracellular metabolically active form.
12 45 African Grey Chlamydophila psittaci random, moderate with
periphery of the EB separated Lacy and reticular nucleus, hour glass
intrahepatocellular bacteria
from electron dense profiles, binary fission
cytoplasm

Psittacosis (ornithosis)
Sporadic Bovine Encephalitis
Polyarthritis
Enzootic bovine abortion
Enzootic ovine abortion
Abortion
Pneumonia
Conjunctivitis
Enteritis
Lung: Bronchointerstitial
pneumonia, proliferative,
heterophilic and
Boid inclusion body
46 Boa constrictor lymhpoplasmacytic with edema
disease
fibrin, hemorrhage and epithelial
eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
inclusion bodies
Ophidian Paramyxovirus- ddx-
Suppurative and necrotizing
pneumonia, not so many
inclusions, syncytial cells,
inclusions are pleomorphic
Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
neutrophilic, lymphoplasmacytic
47 Chinchilla Herpes simplex type 1 and histiocytic with neuronal
necrosis, gliosis, and eosinophilic
intranuclear inclusion bodies
Skeletal muscle: Myositis,
48 Crucian carp Myxobolus lentisuturalis necrotizing, multifocal, with myriad
myxosporidian spores
Intermediate body (IB) -
Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly,
largest, upt to 1 um. Central
fibrinous air sacculitis, pericarditis,
electron dense core with
peritonitis/ Micro- hepatic necrosis,
radially arranged individual
portal hepatitis, intracellular bacteria,
nucleoid fibers surrounding
splenic necrosis, splenic histiocytosis,
the core. Cytoplasmic
intrahistiocytic bacteria, splenic
granules tightly packed at the
reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia,
periphery of the IB separated
fibrinous air sacculitis with heterophils
from the core by a translucent
and macrophages
zone.
Humans and birds
Cattle
Cattle, sheep, horses
cattle
Sheep
Horses, swine
Cattle, sheep, goats, horses,
dogs, rabbits
Sheep, cats, guniea pigs,
hamsters
Cattle, pigs, muskrats,
snowshoe hares
affects boids and pythons- boas may
be inapparent carriers, but may lead
Inclusions appear as electron
to CNS disease. The snake mite-
dense structures
Ophionyssus natricis is suspected as
a vector
Herpes simplex Type 1- oral
and conjunctival infections
and encephalomyelitis in
adults/ Herpes simplex type 2-
genital and neonatal
infections/ Humans are a
natural reservoir
Spores (refractile) with polar
Mechanical damage from
capsules (giemsa or
pseudocysts or tissue necrosis and
wright)are pathognomonic for
inflammation from trophozoite feeding
mYxozoan
 Grossly- ddx: Microsporidian
(all intracellular- thick walled
Other dz of Myxozoan- Proliferative
spores containing
kidney disease, Proliferative gill
sporoplasm, posterior
disease, whirling disease/ black tail
vacuole, xenoma),
(Myxobolus cerebralis), also have a
Ichthyophthirius multifilis,
polar capsule
lymphocystis, dermal
metecercariae
Head, cross section: Myositis,
Gross- firm nodules with
cellulitis, pharyngitis,
draining fistulous tracts that
Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis, meningitis,
13 49 Rat exude purulent discharge with
(Botryomycosis) pyogranulomatous and ndcrotizing
small white granules. Deep
with splendore-Hoeppli and large
dermis and subcutis.
bacterial colonies
4 histomorphologic types- 1)
Acinar/tubular/ 2) Papillary-
lined by multiple layers of
anaplastic columnar cells/ 3)
50 Macaque Adenocarcinoma Jejunum: Adenocarcinoma
Mucinous- acinar or irregular
crypts, filled with mucin/ 4)
Signet ring- isolated nests of
cells containing mucin
Heart: Epicarditis, proliferative,
with multifocal myocardial fibrosis
51 Guinaea pig Metastatic calcification
and mineralization with
mineralization of the great vessels
Laryngeal and botryoid
Skeletal muscle: rhabdomyosarcoma of the Embryonal - dogs most common/
52 Rat Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma urinary bladder are distinct Alveolar is least common
clinical entity.
Ionphores inhibit sodium and
potassium ion transport
across mitochondrial and
Heart: Myocardium: degeneration other cell membranes- leading ddx: Vit E /Se, Exertional
14 53 Horse Monensin toxicosis
and necrosis with mineralization to mitochondrial failure, rhabdomyolysis, Cassia spp
depletion of ATP, failure of
calcium transport and
persistent contraction
Toxic glomerular vasculopathy-
Kidney: Glomerular aneurysms
mesangiolysis (direct injury to
and fibrin thrombi with moderate
mesangial cells and matrix),
54 Dog Snake envenomation acute tubular degeneration and
capillary ballooning, or
necrosis and cellular and granular
glomerular microaneurysm
casts
formation.

Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,
granulomatous and eosinophilic
55 Ox Vetch toxicosis
with tubular degeneration,
necrosis and regeneration
adrenal gland: Adrenalitis,
granulomatous and eosinopgilic
Haired skin: dermatitis,
lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic,
and eosinophilic with acanthosis,
orthrokeratotic hyperkeratosis,
spongiosis and superficial dermal
edema
Liver: Hepatocellular vacuolar
degeneration and necrosis with
56 Dog aflatoxicosis
biliary hyperplasia and pigment
laden macrophages
Brain, cerebrum: encephalitis,
lymphoplasmacytic and
15 57 Ox Bovine herpesvirus 5
necrotizing with glial and neuronal
intranuclear inclusions
Brain, cerebrum:
Meningoencephalitis, necrotizing,
58 cat Phaeohyphomycosis
pyogranulomatous with fibrinoid
vasculitis and dematiaceous fungi
Vetch toxicosis occurs in
Toxic principle: Prussic acid- Possible
cattle and horses- dermatitis,
type IV hypersensitivity, or lectin
conjunctivitis, diarrhea,
activation initiating T lymphocyte
multisystemic granulomatous
activation
and eosinophilic disease
Affects- protein synthesis, oxidative
damage, disruption of DNA,
Bishydrofurans- B1, B2, G1,
carcinogenesis, Necrosis from
G2
inhibition of protein and RNA
synthesis
Anisocytosis, karyomegaly,
binucleation, and
multinucleation, bile duct or
oval cell proliferation,
cytosegresome formation,
nodular regeneration- B1
interferes with mitosis
Encephalitic herpesviruses: OHV-2,
BHV-5- encepbalitis/
AlHV-1, EHV-1, PHV-1/ Neironal and
occasionally BHV-1
glial necrosis, endothelial necrosis
BHV-1 Abortion
Pseudolumpy skin dz/ herpes
BHV-2
mamillits
BHV-4 mammary pustular dermatitis
 Histo: Epithelial- grlandular,
normal tubules, glomeruloid
structures lacking capillaries/
Thoracolumbar spinal spinal cord and dura mater: Mesenchymal component-
59 Dog cord tumor of young thoracolumbar spinal cord tumor lobules or streams, fibrous,
dogs/ Nephroblastoma of young dogs mucoid, adipose, muscle,
cartilage, bone/ Blastemal
cells- clumnps or dispersed
between
Brain, cerebellum: Neuronal and
Mucopolysaccharidosis axonal degeneration with
60 Dog IIIA (Sanfilippo spongiosis, spheroids, and sulphatase deficiency
sundrome) neuronal cytoplasmic eosinophilic
granular material
16 61 Rat Cholangiocarcinoma liver: cholangiocarcinoma
Lung: Pleuropneumonia,
62 Pig Haemophilus parasuis fibrinohemorrhagic and
suppurative
Heart: Pulmonary artery:
Endocarditis, valvulitis, and Strep suis type II- also causes
63 Pig Streptococcus suis arteritis, fibrinosuppurative and meningitis, polyserositis,
granulomatous with mineralization arthritis, and pneumonia
and gram positive cocci
Kidney: vasculitis and
perivasculitis,
Malignant catarrhal lymphohistiocyticwith intimal and
64 Goat
fever (OHV-2, CpHV-2) medial fibrinoid necrosis,
hemorrhage, and a few fibrin
thrombi
17 65 Rat chordoma Tail: chordoma
spinal cord: vasculitis,
Thrombotic
leukocytoclastic, multifocal with
66 Ox meningoencephalitis
thrombosis, axonal degeneration
(Histophilus somni)
and gram pos bacteria
Actually its liver with an extrahepatic
Ectopic from bile ducts
67 Ferret Cysts, multiple Adrenal gland : cysts,multiple cyst surrounded by granulomatous
(ectopic hepatic tissues)
inflammation
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranoproliferative, global,
Membranoproliferative diffuse, tubular degeneration,
68 Macaque
glomerulonephritis regeneration, protein casts,
lymphoplasmacytic interstitial
nephritis
Immune complex glomerulonephritis
Horses EIA
Strep sp
Cattle BVD
Trypanosomiasis
 Hereditary
Sheep hypocomplementemia in
Finnish Landrace lambs
Pigs CSF
ASF
Dogs Infectious Canine Hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis
Chronic bacterial dz
Endometritis (pyometra)
Pyoderma
Prostatitis
Dirofilariasis
Borreliosis
SLE
Polyarteritis
IMHA
IM poly arthritis
Mastocytoma
Hereditary C3 deficiency
Leishmaniasis
Cats Feline leukemia virus infection
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
FIV
Progressive polyarthritis
Neoplasia
Progressive membranous
glomerulonephritis
Mink Aleutian dz

Pleomorphic Haired skin and subcutis: well differentiated,

18 69 Dog
liposarcoma Liposarcoma, pleomorphic pleomorphic and myxoid
Kerion- dermatophyte fungal hyphae/
Haired skin: dermatitis, folliculitis,
Sterile eosinophilic pustulosis has
Eosinophilic folliculitis and furunculosis, eosinophilic with folliculocentric, eosinophils,
70 Dog subcorneal pustules and less evere
and furunculitis mucin and mild epidermal ulcerative
eosinophilic folliculitis and
hyperplasia
furunculosis
solitary nodules centered on
Haired skin and subcutis:
ischemically altered Autoimmune, trauma,
Panniculits, granulomatous and
71 dog Palisading granuloma degenerate or devitalized immunoreactive disease;
pallisading, marked,
collagen fibers, with marked Macrophages CD 11b, CD45, Cd18
lymphoplasmacytic
numbers of plasma cells
Hereditary equine subfollicular artifactual split
Haired skin: Collagen dysplasia,
72 Horse regional dermal that occurs during
diffuse
asthenia procurement and processing
 Tuberculin/ MHC II/ APC--> interacts
with memory cells (Th1)--> blast
Mycobacterium Lung: Granulomas, multifocal to Type IV hypersensitivity: 8-12 transformation and proliferation -->
19 73 Macaque
tuberculosis coalescing hours, peaks at 24-72 hours Th1 cytokines (IL-12, IFN-y, IL-2, TNF-
a) which attract mononuclear cells (T
cells and macrophages), and edema

spleen: Splenitis, granulomatous,

multifocal to coalescing
Spleen: Lymphoid depletion,
diffuse
Pancreas: NSL
Liver: hepatitis, necrotizing,
multifocal with fibrin and
74 Macaque adenovirus hemorrhage, edema, and Necrotizing hepatitis is rare
eosinophilic to basophilic
intranuclear inclusion bodies
Liver: hepatitis, portal,
lymphocytic, multifocal
Gall bladder, lamina propria:
Edema, diffuse, marked
Inclusion body hepatitis
Hydropericardium syndrome
Fowl, goose, duck, pigeon, Turkey
Respiratory disease
Adenovirus
Aviadenovirus (group Necrotizing pancreatitis
1 avian adenovirus) gizzard erosions
Quail Bronchitis (Avian adenovitus
type 1)

Marble Spleen Disease Pheasants- splenic necrosis,

(Adenovirus Type 2) respiratory edema, congestion
Hemorrhagic enteritis (adenovirus Young turkeys, bloody
Siadenovirus type 2) droppings
Avian adenovirus splenomegaly
virus
Frog adenovirus

Laying hens; viral replication

Egg drop syndrome (Avian
in pouch shell gland
Subgroup 3 avian adenovirus
epithelium, INIB
Ovine, bovine, Duck Possum
adenoviruses
Atadenovirus Adenoviral Hemorrhagic Disease vasculitis with endocardial
inCalifornia mule deer and black- INIB, pulmonary edema,
tailed deer hemorrhagic enteropathy
Bearded dragon, snake,
Reptilian adenoviruses
chameleon

Human adenovirus
Simian adenovirus (27 viruses)
canine adenovirus 1
canine adenovirus 2
Equine Adenovirus
Bovine adenovirus
Mastadenovirus
Ovine adenovirus
Porcine adenovirus
Murine adenovirus
Guinea pig Adenovirus
Adenovirus
Wildlife
Clostridium perfringens
type D (focal Brain, white matter: Necrosis and
75 Sheep
symmetrical loss, multifocal with edema
encephalomalacia)
Tail, transverse section:
Dermatitis, and cellulitis,
neutrophilic and necrotizing with CD14/MD2--> MyD88--> TNF- superantigens- enterotoxins, TSST1,
76 Marmoset Gram-negative sepsis
fibrin, edema, hemorrhage,
thrombosis and myriad intra-
epidermal colonies of bacilli
Mucocutaneous junction, lip:
Hyperkeratosis, parakeratotic,
Superficial necrolytic
diffuse, marked, acanthosis,
dermatitis
20 77 Dog edema of the stratum spinosum,
(hepatocutaneous
basal cell dermatitis, focal ulcer
syndrome)
with pyogranulomatous
inflammation and surface bacteria
Respiratory disease, enteritis,
Keratoconjunctivitis
Subclinical, respiratory and
enteric disease secondary to
immunosuppression
Infectious canine hepatitis
Necrotizing bronchiolitis and
alveolar epithelialization
CID foals; bronchiolitis,
atelectasis, and pancreatitis
Resp dz, pyrexia, KCS, colic,
enteric dz in calves
Respiratory tract disease,
conjunctivitis, enteritis
Pneumonia, enteritis,
encephalitis, diarrhea
Oncogenic in newborns, CNS
lesions
Pneumonitis
hamsters rats
Brown bear, coyotes, foxes,
wolves, skunks, racoons, CAV-
1
epsilon toxin: inactive prototoxin in
the gut, with activation by trypsin.
Epsilon toxin binds endothelial cell
surface receptors resulting in opening
perivascular proteinaceous
of tight junctions, disturbed transport
edema (microangiopathy),
processes, and increased vascular
acidophilic accumulations of
permeability resulting in vasogenic
protein
edema, swelling of astrocytic foot
processes, hypoxia, ischemia, and
necrosis. Some can be mediated by
the adenyl cyclases/ cAMP system
Superantigens (Gram pos): Class II
MHC mol and V beta domains of TCR-
LPS-LPSbp--> TLR 4/ -> activation// Exogenous
RAF-6 --> Ik-B--> AP TF--> IL- exfoliating toxin/ Endogenous
1,6,8,12,NO, PAF superantigens-Specific T cell
memebrane molecule produced
during viral infections
Skin- hyperkeratosis, deep fissuring
of footpads/ Liver- severe vacuolar
also associated with DM,
degeneration with diffuse
glucagon secreting tumor
parenchymal collapse, condensation
of reticulin and nodular regeneration
 red white and blue-
hyperkeratosis (red)
ddx: Parakeratotic disease (zinc def,
(parakeratotic), necrosis of
thallium tox, lethal acrodermatitis of
stratum spongiosum,
Bull terriers, Sarcoptes scabei,
intracellular edema (white),
generic dog food dermatosis).
and basal layer hyperplasia
(blue)

well demarctaed,
intraventricular, expands the
third ventricle, mesencephalic
aqueduct, and 4th ventricle,
well vascularized, sheets,
Brain- hippocampus: clusters, fascicles, indistinct
78 Dog Ependymoma perivascular clearing
Ependymoma cell borders, fibrillar
eosinophilic cytoplasm,
Pseudorosettes are common,
foci of necrosis with peripheral
palisades of neoplastic cells,
perivascular lymphocytes

Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,

histiocytic and plamacytic with
79 Cockatoo Sarcocystis sp
edema, necrosis and
intraendothelial sarcocysts
Vimentin and GFAP- vascular
Brain: astrocytoma, high grade proliferation,
80 Moose High grade astrocytoma
(glioblastoma multiforme) pseudopalisading, serpentine
necrosis
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
Cryptococcus multifocal to coalescing with
21 81 Dog
neoformans edema and myriad intralesional
yeast
islet cell carcinoma associated with superficial
82 Dog Pancreas: Islet cell carcinoma other products- insulin, gastrin
(glucagonoma) necrolytic dermatitis
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, necrotizing,
83 Cat feline herpesvirus 1 severe, fibrin, edema, syncytia,
and epithelial intranuclear
inclusion bodies
Esophagus: Esophagitis, necro-
ulcerative, multifocal, fibrin,
most common with calicivirus
edema, intraepithelial inclusion
bodies
Bone marrow: Acute myelofibrosis is caused by
Acute megakaryoblastic megakaryoblastic leukemia with cytokine production by
84 dog
leukemia myelofibrosis and lymph node megakaryocytes, PDGF, TGF-
metastasis beta (alpha granules)
 other germ cell neoplasm:
dysgerminoma (resemble
seminomas) , choriocarcinoma
immature teratoma
(trophoblastic differentiation-
(teratocarcinoma) has less-
trophoblastic giant cells,
differentiated embryonal
syncytiotrophoblasts,
tissues with some
cytotrophoblasts, blood-filled spaces),
differentiated structures;
Teratoma (germ cell embryonal carcinoma (may contain
22 85 Macaque Ovary: Teratoma Looks like Dermoid Cyst
neoplasm) MNGC), yolk sac carcinoma
(Epithelial lined cyst
(mesoblast and yolk sac endoderm-
containing keratinizing
nests and ribbons of neoplastic
stratified squamous
epithelium in PAS positive material-
epithelium, and dermal
glomerulus like structure composed
collagen)
of central blood vessel enveloped by
germ cells within a space lined by
germ cells)
Brucella (vasculitis)/
Chlamydophila abortus
Chorioallantois: Placentitis with
(vasculitis, cotyledonary
86 Goat coxiella burnetti multifocal necrosis and myriad
inflammation, coccoid org)/
intratrophoblastic organisms
Toxoplasma (Primarily
cotyledons)
Placenta: placentitis, necrotizing,
87 Ox Ureaplasma diversum subacute with vasculitis,
thrombosis and mineralization

results from an insufficient

Chorioallantois: Adeventitial
placentation, multifocal, with
88 Ox Adventitial placentation
edema and minimal
lymphoplasmacytic placentitis
number of caruncles
(congenital disorders of
endometrial organization, , or
by loss of caruncles due to
looks like granulation tissue
inflammation- primitive villus
attahcments between the
chorion and endometrium
attempt to compensate for
inadequate placentation

Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration hemosiderosis- systemic

and necrosis, periportal to
23 89 rhinoceros Hemochromatosis midzonal, with moderate biliary
duct proliferation, fibrosis, and
hemosiderosis
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
Arabian/ Jack russel terriers/
necrotizing, multifocal to
90 Horse SCID; adenovirus coalescing, marked, with
intraepithelial basophilic
intranuclear inclusion bodies
Spleen: Lymphoid hypoplasia,
severe, diffuse
hemochromatosis is deposition of iron
overload of iron resulting in
but is combined with a morphological
excessive deposition of
or functional disturbance of the organ,
hemosiderin in different
tissue, or cell
organs or tissues.
X linked SCID- (basset/corgi)- gamma
BALB/c mice: B,T cell
chain of IL-2 receptor- T cells
deficiency- DNA PKc- cant
unresponsive to IL-2 stimuli
rearrange receptor genes
 Echinococcus multilocularis-
Echinococcus multilocular hydatid cyst
91 Field vole Liver: Hydatid cyst
multilocularis (Echinococcus granulosus is
unilocular hydatid cyst)
Hemophagocytic Spleen: Hemophagocytic
92 Dog CD11d/CD18
histiocytic sarcoma histiocytic sarcoma
4 layers: 1) outermost
compressed dermal collagen;
2) homogenous intermediate
Haired skin: dermatitis,
zone; 3) Host cell with
24 93 Donkey Besnoitia ap granulomatous and eosinophilic,
peripheralized nuclei; and 4)
multifocal with protozoal cysts
innermost parasitophorus
vacuole filled with crescentic
bradyzoites
Kidney: Nephritis, tubulo-
94 Tortoise Gout interstitial, interstitial fibrosis,
tubular loss, numerous urate tophi
Intestine: enteritis, necrotizing with
intramural cestodes and
95 Water snake entamoeba invadens fibrin, edema, and numerous
pentastomes
amoebic trophozoites
Spinal cord, white matter: Axonal
degeneration and loss, diffuse
Parelaphostrongylus
96 Goat with digestion chambers, gitter
tenuis
cells, and lymphocytic
meningomyelitis
Endosporulating: Chlorella,
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
Prototheca, Coccidioides,
multifocal , moderate with diffuse
25 97 Alpaca Coccidioides immitis Rhinosporidium,
edema and numerous fungal
Batrachochytrium
spherules
dendrobatidis
Haired skin and subcutis:
98 Dog Plasmacytoma CD45 +, AL amyloid
Plasmacytoma with amyloid
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranoproliferative, global,
diffuse, marked, with tubular Glomerular deposits are PAS
99 Dog Borrelia burgdorferi degeneration, necrosis, positive/ Tichrome and congo
regeneration, proteinosis, and red --
chronic lymphoplasmacytic
interstitial nephritis
Caused by Cationic Amphophilic
Drugs: 1) Direct interaction with
Kidney, glomerulus and proximal
cellular phospholipids (binding and
convoluted tubules: Lamellar also seen in Kupffer cells,
resists degradation)/ 2) Inhibition of
100 Rat Phospholipidosis bodies, intracytoplasmic and biliary epithelium, endothelial
the enzymes (phospholipases) that
extracellular, consistent with renal cells, lungs,
degrade phospholipids/ 3)
phospholipidosis
Upregulating the synthesis of
phospholipids in the cell
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX
2005-2006
YACS: Yersinia, Actinomyces,
Eye: Endophthalmitis, suppurative
Actinobacillus, Arcanobacter,
1 1 Mule Deer Yersinia pestis with coccobacilli and stromal
Corynebacterium, Clostridium, Staph
keratitis
and strep
Prepuce: Posthitis,
2 Horse Halicephalobus sp granulomatous, nodular with
rhabditid adults, larvae and eggs

Pleomorphic epithelial cells

Adenocarcinoma of Humerus: Air sac obliterating normal bone. Forming
3 Barn Owl
air sac adenocarcinoma papillary projections, tubuels and
solid sheets. Mucin producing

Burkholderia Seminal vesicle: Vesiculitis, Glanders is caused by Burkholderia

4 Macaque Melioidosis
pseudomallei suppurative, diffuse mallei
Malignant catarrhal fever,
Meninges, cerebrum: Vasculitis OHV-2, AHV-1: ddx vasculitis: BVD, Orbivirus,
2 5 Ox Gamma Herpesvirus and perivasculitis, lymphoproliferation vasculitis, Adenovirus hemorrhagic disease,
lmyphohistiocytic, necrotizing erosive ulcerative lesions salmonella dublin, Histophilus somni
corneal edema, uveitis

Broad based budding 10-20 um 1-2

Blastomyces Lung: Pneumonia,
6 Ferret um thick double contoured refractile
dermatitidis pyogranulomatous with yeast
wall

Canine laryngeal
rhabdomyoma and
Laryngeal skeletal muscle: rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare
7 Dog Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma distinct entity, most are
histologically benign bu may
cause respiratory obstruction
possibel hepatic
8 Cat Spongioform change Brain- spongioform change
encephalopathy
Liver: Vacuolar degeneration and
Necrosis
portal venous hypoplasia and
Degeneration
arteriolar duplication
Lung: Bronchitis and bronchiolitis
Orthopoxvirus: Ectromelia,
with epithelial balooning susceptible strains: C3H, A, DBA,
3 9 Mouse Ectromelia vaccina, variola, monkeypox,
degeneration and eosinophilic SWR, BALB/c
cowpox,
intracytoplasmic inlcusions

Liver: Cholangiohepatitis with

Helicobacter susceptible strains: C3H, A,
10 Mouse biliary hyperplasia and piecemeal
hepaticus SCID
hepatocellular necrosis
 Skeletal muscle: Degeneration Fibrates are lipid lowering
11 Rat Fibrate myopathy and necrosis with histiocytic agents, Selective Type 1 fiber Statins selectively target Type II fibers
myositis damage
Lung: Alveolar proteinosis and Mutations in surfactant
Pulmonary alveolar Secondary PAP results from
12 Mouse peribronchiolar and perivascular proteins B or C or the Beta
proteinosis impairment of macrophages
lymphoid aggregates chain of the GM-CSF receptor

Mycobacterium Subcutis: Panniculitis,

4 13 Ara (McCaw)
tuberculosis granulomatous, diffuse

Tumors of odontogenic Ameloblastoma, Amyloid producing

Maxilla: Ameloblastic fibro-
14 Dog Odontogenic tumor epithelium without odontogenic tumor, Canine
odontoma
mesenchyme acanthomatous ameloblastoma
Ameloblatic fibroma/fibro-odontoma,
Tumors of odontogenic Feline inductive odontogenic tumor,
epithelium with mesenchyme Complex odontoma, compound
odontoma
Tumors predominantly of
cementoma, cementifying fibroma
odontogenic mesenchyme
Lung: Pneumonia,
Dictyocaulus filaria commonly
lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic,
affetcs goat kids and lambs Muellerius capillaris (nodular
and eosinophilis, with bronchiolar
15 Bighorn Sheep Protostrongylus sp and causes partial obstruction lungworm) alsoaffetcs sheep and
smooth muscle hypertrophy and
of small bronchi and type II goats forming subpleural nodules
myriad metastrongyle eggs larvae
pneumocyte hyperplasia
and adults
Salivary gland: coagulative
Necrotizing necrosis (infarct) with ductular
16 Dog commonly affects terriers
sialometaplasia hyperplasia and squamous
metaplasia

ddx Diarrhe in NHP: E coli

(ETEC, EPEC, EHEC),
Shigellosis- flexneri,
dysenteriae, boydii,
Campylobacter jejuni and coli,
Small intestine: Villous atrophy Salmonella enteriditis and
Attaching and and fusion, with enterocyte tymphimurium, Yersinia
5 17 Macaque
Effacing E coli degeneration and adherent chort enterocolitica, and
bacilli pseudotuberculosis,
Cryptosporidium parvum,
Proteus vulgaris, Pinworms
(oxyuris and enterobius),
Balantidium coli, IBD,
Entamoeba histolytica
18 Horse Malignant neoplasm Lung: Possible mesothelioma

Tansy mustard
Brain: Laminar cortical necrosis Sulfur accumulating plants-->
19 Ox (Descurainia pinnata)
with gliosis Thiamine deficiency
toxicosis
 Chorioallantois: Placentitis,
20 Dog Brucella canis necrotizing with intratrophoblastic
coccobacilli
Lymph node and tonsil: Lymphoid
depletion with sinus histiocytosis
6 21 Pig Porcine circovirus-2
and draining neutrophilia, with
intrahistiocytic botryoid inclusions

Kidney: Nephritis, suppurative,

22 Horse Actinobacillus eqquli
embolic with coccobacilli
Secondary EFE- develps in
Primary EFE- No other heart conjunction with congenital cardiac
Endocardial
23 Horse Heart: Endocardial fibroelastosis lesions/ inherited resulting in abnormalities, myocarditis, glycogen
fibroelastosis
sudden death storage disease and carnitine
deficiency
Random foci of hepatocellular
Liver: Hepatitis, histiocytic and
24 OX Salmonella dublin necrosis containing macrophages
lymphocytic, necrotizing
and neutrophils
mononuclear expansion of the
interstitial space with few neutrophils,
Lung: Edema and hemorrhage alveolar spaces contain fibrin,
with intraalveolar fibrin neutrhpils and erythrocytes,
interlobular septa are widened by
edema and fibrin
Liver: Hepatocellular
degeneration, necrosis, and loss
with parenchymal collapse, bile
stasis, nodular regeneration,
7 25 Dog Cirrhosis
moderate dissecting fibrosis,
biliary hyperplasia, and
lymphoplasmacytic portal hepatitis
(cirrhosis)
Heart; Skeletal muscle: Myofiber
26 Brown Pelican Hypovitaminosis E degeneration and necrosis with
fibrosis and fatty infiltration

27 Mouse Leukemia Liver: Myeloid leukemia BXH-2 Mouse good review of leukemias
Liver: Necrosis, centrilobular and
28 Dog Heatstroke
midzonal
Lip: Cheilitis, ulcerative with
epithelial syncytia, and Most likely Herpes simplex
8 29 Macaque Alphaherpesvirus
amphophilic to eosinophilic virus
intranuclear inclusions
Lung: Bronchiolitis,
lymphoplasmacytic with
PCD: 50% have situs inversus
Primary Ciliary bronchiolectasis and bronchiolar
30 Dog or communicating
Dyskinesis epithelial hyperplasia, vascular
hydrocephalus
smooth muscle hypertrophy, and
interstitial fibrosis
 Mammary glands:
31 Rat Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Kidney: Tubular necrosis with
32 Macaque Tenofovir toxicosis regeneration; Glomerular capillary Antiretroviral drug
thrombosis

Haired skin and subcutis:

Erysipelothrix Other lesions_ endocarditis,
9 33 Pig Vasculitis with fibrin thrombi and ddx: PDNS (PRRS and PCV-2)
rhusiopathiae polyarthritis, and skin necrosis
superficial dermal necrosis

Abomasum: Mucus neck cell

Lack of parietal cells a Haemonchus contortus- sheep and
hyperplasia, eosinophilic
34 Ox Ostertagia ostertagi problem of tissue ID- Maybe goats, Ostertagia in cattles,
abomasitis, and trichostrongylid
from pyloric region Trichostrongylus axei in horses
nematodes
Medullary thyroid Thyroid gland: Medullary thyroid
35 Monkey
carcinoma carcinoma
Fever anorexia, depression dyspnea
Brain, cerebrum: congestion and Sheep, goats and cattle: and ataxia, Pulmonary Edema,
36 Sheep ehrlichia ruminantium edema, with intraendothelial Transmitted by Amblyomma Hydropericardium, Hydrothorax,
rickettsia ticks. Cerebral edema, lymph node edema,
splenomegaly
Vit D toxicity or inherited
10 37 Paca Osteosclerosis Long bone: Osteosclerosis diffuse
failure of ostoclast activity
Bone, thoracic vertebrae:
38 Horse Osteoslcerosis Osteosclerosis with failure of
modeling of primary trabeculae
Mandible: Carcinoma, with
Carcinoma; Fracture vascular invasion and chondro-
39 Dog
callus osseus and fibrous proliferation
(fracture callus)
Radius and tibia of young
large breed dogs- Osteoblast
and osteoclast necrosis,
hemorrhage and neutrophilic
Hypertrophic Long Bone: Osteomyelitis,
inflammation where primary
osteodystrophy necrosuppurative, acute diffues,
40 Dog trabeculae leave naken later lesions have fibrous tissue
(Metaphyseal with microfractures and acute
mineralized cartilage. Below
Osteodystrophy) fibrinois vascular necrosis
this the trabeculae are
fractured with marked
osteoclast resorption and
suppurative inflammation
Possible causes include: vaccine high or imbalanced calcium
induced or bacterial or viral agents and phosphorus levels
In cats they are made of solid They always originate from
sheets of bland polygonal cells epithelial tissues lining the
11 41 Cat Iridociliary adenoma PAS stain highlights the delicate BM
with regular delicate vascular posterior chamber, iris and
supply ciliary body.
 Small intestine: Vasculitis,
Streptococcus equi
42 Horse necrotizing with thrombi, infarcts,
equi
and cocci
Neoplastic cells are positive for
Spindle cell IN this case there is alsoa thin
GFAP and negative form s-100
43 Dog neoplasm of blue- choroid with little pigment,
(Peripheral nerve sheath tumor
eyed dogs loss of ganglion cells
not melanoma)

There is replacement of much

Chronic intestinal of the tunica media by
pseudoobstruction Small intestine: Leiomyositis, connective tissue containing
44 Dog
(Lymphoplasmacytic lymphohistiocytic lymphocytes, macrophages,
leiomyositis) and occasional plasma cells
and neutrophils.
Small intestine: Enteritis,
necrotizing, acute, diffuse with
Peste des petits crypt abscesses, villosu blunting
12 45 Lamb
ruminants and fusion, syncytia and
intracytoplasmic intranuclear
eosinophilic inclusion bodies
Heart: Epicarditis,
Corynebacterium
46 Goat pyogranulomatosu and fibrinous,
pseudotuberculosis
chronic, severe
47 Monkey Francisella tularensis Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
Rumen: Rumenitis,
Predisposing factors-
Zygomycetes; necrosuppurative, erosive,
48 Ox Antibiotics, grain overload,
Candida transmural, with vasculitis, thrombi
IBR, BVD-mucosal disease
and fungal hyphae
ddx: fusobacterium
necrophorum in cattle;
Liver: Necrosis, coagulative with
Histomonas meleagridis in
13 49 Duck Borrelia anserina fibrin thrombi with splenic
turkeys; Entamoeba invadens
granulomas
in reptiles, and Entamoeba
histolytica in primates
Adrenal gland: Adrenal cortical
Carcinoma with Metastatic adrenal cortical
50 Ferret carcinoma, with myxoid
myxoid differentiation carcinoma
differentiation
Skeletal muscle and esophagus:
Disseminated
51 Ferret Myositis, neutrophilic with
Idioapthic Myositis
scattered myonecrosis
Neuroendocrine cells and
cardiac Heart, right atrium: Cardiac Chromaffin positive =
52 Dog sutentacular cells. Sympthetic
paraganglioma paraganglioma catecholamines, sympathetic
or parasympathetic

ionophore toxicosis- Cation
transporters that embed in
plasma membranes and
Heart: Myocardial degeneration
facilitate the movement of
14 53 Horse Salinomycin toxicosis and necrosis, subacute with
sodium and potassium ions
histiocytic inflammation
from extracellular fluids.
Hydrogen ions move out of
the cells,
Salinomycin- Potassium ionophore-
interferes with potassium transport
across mitochondrial memebranes,
resulting in low intracellular energy
production. The Na/Ca exchange may
also be disrupted allowing fatal
accumulation of intracellular calcium.
Calcium pumps pump cytosolic
calcium into sarcoplasmic reticulum/
failure results in increased cytosolic
calcium and causes myofibril
hyperconttraction, ATP depletion and
failed oxidative phpsphorylation
resulting in mitochondrial swelling,
disruption and cell death

Lung: Mineralization, interstitial,

multifocal, with emphysema,
54 Dog Hypervitaminosis D
intraalveolar edema, and
histiocytosis
Kidney: Tubular degeneration and Mechanical damage and local
Sulfonamide
55 Ox necrosis with intratubular toxic effects, from crystallizing
nephrosis
amphophilic granular material in renal vessels

Ramaria flavo- Esophagus: Esophagus, ddx: Selenium and thallium

56 Ox brunnescens necrotizing, ulcerative with toxicosis as wellas BVD-
toxicosis intramucosal thrombi mucosal disease, FMD

Lung: carcinoma, multicentric with

Jaagsiekte (Ovine bronchointerstitial pneumonia,
15 57 Sheep Pulmonary suppurative, and histiocytic with retrovirus
Adenomatosis) peribronchiolar lymphocyte
infiltrates
Lymph node: Lymphadenitis, Nocardia- gram pos, aerobis,
58 OX Nocardia sp granulomatous, multifocal with filamentous, partially acid fast,
mineral and filamentous bacilli facultative intracellular
Pancreas: ductal ectasia with
intraluminal adult trematodes,
59 Ox Eurytrema sp periductal fibrosis, acinar atrophy,
and granulomatous pancreatitis,
centered on trematode eggs

Bone, distal right tibia:

Osteomyelitis, granulomatous and
60 Dog Basidiomycetes look like aspergillus
necrotizing with myriad fungal
hyphae
 Mechanisms: Direct cellular
Bone: Necrosis with periosteal damage by ice crystals-->
16 61 Trumpeter Frostbite
and endosteal hyperostosis cellular dehydration and
cellular lysis
Constant vasoconstriction-->
local hypoxia, acidosis and
Synovium: Synovitis, and cellulitis,
increased viscosity -->
heterophilic and histiocytic
thrombosis and ischemic
injury
Local thrombosis and
endothelial damage trigger
Skin: epidermal hyperplasia,
release of prostaglandins
hyperkeratosis with focal ulcer
(PGF2alpha and TXA2)-->
and superficial fungi
MORE vasoconstriction and
thrombosis
Liver: Pentastome nymphs and
62 Snake Pentastomiasis
multifocal granulomas

Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing with

63 Owl Herpesvirus strigis eosinophilic hepatocellular
intranuclear inclusions
Chorangiomas- benign
Atypical Placenta: Atypical mesenchymal
placental tumors, from fetal
64 Bongo mesenchymal proliferation with striated muscle
blood vessels or primitive
proliferation differentiation
chorionic mesenchyme
This mass contained
undifferentiated mesenchymal
cells, endothelial cells,
Chorioallantois: Fibrosis with
pericytes, smooth muscle
mineralization and villar necrosis
cells, skeletal muscle cells,
leading to diagnosis of
placental stem cell tumor
Skin: Epidermal and follicular
hyperplasia, balooning ddx Dry Pox: Proliferative,
Trichophyton megninii and
17 65 Chicken Avian Poxvirus degeneration and necrosis with hyperkeratotic and ulcerative
Knemidocoptes gallinae
eosinophilic intracytoplasmic cutaneous lesions
inclusions
ddx:Wet Pox: Caseous Vit A deficiency, GHV-1, Trichomonas
inflammation in pharynx/ gallinae, Capillaria annulata, Candida
esophagus/ crop albicans, Aspergillosis
Haired skin and subcutis:
Panniculitis and dermatitis,
66 Cat Pseudomycetoma pyogranulomatous, nodular with
fungal hyphae and intrafollicular
arthrospores and hyphae
Benign PNST: Neurofibroma
Peripheral nerve Skin: Hemangiopericytoma, (Schwanna cells and Malignant PNST: Neurofibrosarcoma,
67 Dog
sheath tumor myxoid type perineurial cells), Malignant Schwannoma
Schwannoma
 Virulence factors: alpha toxin
Skin and Subcutis: Vasculitis, (creates a pore in cell Exotoxins- Superantigens (stimulate T
Staphylococcus necrotizing with dermal and membranes), Beta toxin (Type cells non specifically- TSST,
68 Dog
aureus; mucinosis epidermal necrosis, hemorrhage, C Sphingomyelinase), Enterotoxin), Exfoliatin toxins (ETA,
and dermal-epidermal separation Leukocidin (pores in cell ETB)
membranes)
Skin: Mucinosis, severe
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial
18 69 Cat Chlamydophila sp Chlamydophila felis
histiocytic with edema
Liver, Spleen: Deg and necrosis
with splenic lymphocytolysis and
EMH
Porcine coronavirus
Small intestine: Villous blunting
70 Pig (Transmissible
and fusion
Gastroenteritis)

Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,

lymphoplasmacytic diffuse, with
Histoplasma
71 Monkey edema, alveolar histiocytosis,
capsulatum
hemosiderosis, and intrahistiocytic
yeast
other lesiosn: non-suppurative
meningoencephalitis,
Heart: Myocarditis, necrotizing, pancreatic necrosis,
72 Chicken H5N1 Avian Influenza
histiocytic dermatitis, splenic lymphoid
depletion in spleen and
thymus
Trachea: Tracheitis, necrotizing,
heterophilic, and granulomatous,
Mycobacterium transmurally with ulceration
19 73 Duck
avium; Aspergillus sp osteolysis, and squamous
metaplasia with fungi, and
bacterial cocci, bacilli
Primary intraocular
neuroectodermal tumors- 1)
Mature Neuroepithelium-
Eye: Primitve neuroectodermal
Cilialry epithelium derived-
Primitive tumor with features of
74 Horse (adenoima, Carcinoma of X),
neuroectoderm tumor medulloepithelioma and
and 2) Primitive medullary
retinoblastoma
epithelium
(medulloepitheliomas, and
retinoblastomas)
3 types of Lafora bodies: 1) branching
Polyglucosan bodies are fibrillar structures without a limiting
similar to Corpora amylacea, membrane, 2) Osmiophilic granules in
Lafora body disease Cerebellum, Purkinje cells-
75 Cat stain positively with PAS, the central core surrounded by fibrillar
(polyglucosan bodies) Polyglucosan bodies
Alcian blue, and methenamine material, RER is affected, 3) Dense
silver peripherla ring of PAS positive
material
 Retrobulbar Pleomorphic large vesicular abundant cytoplasm, indistinct cell
76 Dog Retrobulbar tissue: Meningioma,
meningioma borders, occasional small nests of compact swirling cells
Brain,cerebrum: Asymmetric cerebral white matter, and brainstem. Lesions include
Necrotizing
Leukoencephalitis, necrotizing, necrosis and cavitation with astrocytosis, gemistocytes, fibrillary
20 77 Dog Encephalitis of
nonsuppurative with gemistocytic astrocytes, perivascular cuffing, macrophages, microgliosis,
Yorkshire Terriers
astrogliosis neovascularization, gitter cells, sclerosis, swollen axons, astroglial
Acute Water Brain, cerebrum: Necrosis,
78 Pig deprivation syndrome cortical, laminar, subacute with
(salt toxicity) eosinophilic meningoencephalitis
Brain, cerebrum: Vasculitis,
79 Ox Zygomycetes necrotizing, thromboembolic with
fungal hyphae

Porcine enteric picornaviruses-

Teschovirus-
Spinal cord: Poliomyelitis and
Polioencephalomyelitis, CNS, Porcine enteric picornavirus-
80 Pig Teschen disease radiculoneuritis, non-suppurative
ventral spinal cord, Enterovirus- no neurologic disease
with meningitis
chromatolysis, gliosis and
perivascular cuffing
Picornaviridae-
Encephalomyocarditis virus,
cardiovirus genus- congestion, Porcine adenovirus-
meningitis, perivascular Meningoencephalitis with
mononuclear cells, neural perivascular infiltrates, and
degeneration, non-suppurative microglial formation
encephalitis and myocarditis in
sein efetuses
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous
and eosinopgilic with larvated
eggs and intra-arterial adult
metastrongyle nematodes,
21 81 Rat Angiostrongylus sp
proliferative histiocytic and
eosinophilic endarteritis,
bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia,
and mild eosinophilic bronchiolitis
Brainstem, cerebellum:
Escherichia coli/
82 Dolphin Leptomeningitis, histiocytic and
Strep zoo
neutrophilis with short bacilli
Abomasum: Abomasitis,
Clostridium necrotizing, fibrinosuppurative and
83 OX
perfringens A hemorrhagic, transmural with
adherent short bacilli

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath

Malignant peripheral
84 Dog tumor with adenocarcinomatous
nerve sheath tumor
divergent differentiation
 The abnormal gonad contained both male and female characteristics.
On one edge of the gonad was a thick cord of fibromuscular tissue
containing several tubular structures lined by cuboidal to low
columnar epithelium with stereocilia. This structure appeared
consistent with an epididymis. The majority of the gonad consisted of
sheets of small aggregates of large polygonal cells containing
22 85 Dog Ovotestis Gonad: Ovotestis, unilateral eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm (consistent with interstitial cells)
interrupted by occasional tubular structures that do not resemble
normal ovarian follicles or seminiferous tubules. These tubules were
lined by polygonal to spindle cells containing vacuolated basophilic
cytoplasm and exhibited a mild degree of anisokaryosis (atypical sex
chord stroma cells). In several tubules these cells appeared
consistent with Sertoli cells

Uterus, endometrium:
sings of late pregnancy /early
Pseudocyesis; Cystic Hyperplasia, labyrinthine, the bitch has a long diestrus period
lactation in the absence of a
86 Dog endometrial segmental, marked, with and functional CL regardless of
conceptus is a
hyperplasia mucometra, periluminal necrosis pregnancy
pseudpregnancy
and mineralization
Cytotrophoblasts are small,
undifferentiated stem cells,
Syncytiotrophoblasts are Intermediate trophoblasts are
Placental site Uterus: Ovary: Placental site
87 Macaque terminally differentiated morphologically intermediate but no
trophoblastic tumor trophoblastic tumor
multinucleated cells producing multinucleated cells.
placental hormones and gas
exchange
PSTT: neoplasm of intermediate Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor-
Choriocarcinoma- biphasic population
trophoblast cells- occurs at monomorphic intermediate
of cytotrophoblsats and
endometrial implantation site trophoblast cells resembling
syncytiotrophoblasts
suring pregnancy chorionic laeve

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor: Yolk sac tumors: Malignant germ cell tumors in ovary and testicle,
Solid with multifocal follcles and and recapitulate different developmental stages in the normal yolk
variable thecomatous sac. Patterns range from nests and chords and papillary structures,
differentiation with abundant to a reticular or microcystic pattern. Cytoplasm is clear with lipid or
eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm glycogen
Allantochorion: Placentitis,
necrohemorrhagic with
88 Horse Aspergillus sp
pseudomembrane, squamous
metaplasia and fungal hyphae
 Lepromatous leprosy
(malignant disease) results
Skin and subcutis: dermatitis and
from a lack of T cell immunity- Antigen antibody complexes (from IL-
Mycobacterium panniculitis, pyogranulomatous
23 89 Macaque Lacking effective CD4+ TH1 4) may result in vasculitis,
leprae with granulomatous neuritis, focal
cells, but many CD8+ glomerulonephritis.
ulceration
Suppressor TH2 cells which
secrete IL-10, IL-4, and IL-5
Tuberculoid leprosy (benign
disease) is characterized by
granuloma formation with few
mycobacteria- Numerous
CD4+ TH1 T cells secrete IL-2
and IFN-gamma
Haired skin and subcutis: Sparagnosis- plerocercoid larvae (sparagna) of Spirometra spp-
Granulomas, eosinophilic with Outer tegument surrounding a solid but loose mesenchyme stroma
90 Baboon Spirometra sp
nercosis hemorrhage and larval with calcareous corpuscles, excretory ducts, skeletal muscle
cestodes bundles, and no digestive tract

lung: Lymphoma with marked

Simian T
91 Baboon alveolar edema, histiocytosis and
Lyphotrophic Virus -1
MNGC

Endocardial Heart: Endocardium:

92 SD Rat
Schwannoma Schwannoma
Gill: Branchitis, histiocytic and
Proliferative gill
24 93 Catfish proliferative, with lamellar fusion Myxosporidian parasites
disease
blunting and loss and protozoa
Hepatopancreas, tubular epithelial
cells: Amphophilic intranuclear
94 Crayfish Baculovirus Baculoviruses are large rod shaped viruses with circular ds genome
inclusions with Karyomegaly, and
multifocal granulomas

Adenovirus liver: hepatocellular degeneration,

95 Reptile
(atadenovirus) nercosis, with basophilic INIB

Chytridiomycosis Skin: Epidermal hyperplasia and

96 Frog (Batrachochytrium hyperkeratosis with minimal
dendrobatitidis) dermatitis and intracorneal fungi

Heart: myocarditis, necrotizing

25 97 Mac Trypanosoma cruzi with rare intrasarcoplasmic
amastigotes
Thyroid gland: Hyperplasia,
Adenomatous
98 Beluga whale adenomatous with follicular cysts
hyperplasia
and micropapillary proliferations
 Bursa of Fabricius, follicles:
Lymphoid depletion with
99 Pigeon Pigeon circivirus
histiocytosis and intrahistiocytic
botryoid inclusions
TEM: Conjunctiva: there are
multiple epithelial cells that lie
on a basement membrane
and are covered by lalellar
Conjunctiva: epithelial cell keratin. The cytoplasm of the particles are round 200-250 nm
100 Mouse Ectromelia virus EM degeneration with most cells contains round contain an elliptical or peanut-shaped
intracytoplasmic pox virions electron dense amorphous electron dense core (pox virus)
inclusions that occasionally
displaces the nucleus, all cells
contain numerous small round
electron dense particles
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx Gross Histo
2004-2005
Type II pneumocyte hyperplasia,
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, lymphoid infiltration, alveolar
Caprine arthritis- proliferative, lymphocytic with Gross: Poorly collapsed lungs proteinosis// Other lentiviruses- Maedi-
1 1 Goat encephalitis virus alveolar proteinosis and with several white nodules up visna in sheep (OPP), Equine
(lentivirus) secondary acute to 2 cm infectious anemia, SIV, FIV, BIV,
bronchopneumonia HIV// Morbillivirus- Peste des petits
ruminants
B. mandrillaris- trophozoite is
15-60 um and has a rouns
Kidney:Nephritis, interstitial, Lesions in the brain- fibrinoid necrosis
nucleus with dense nucleolus,
necrotizing, pyogranulomatous, of blood vessels with neutrophils and
2 Dog Balamuthia more than one nucleolus can
with amebic trophozoites and macrophages, malacia with
be observed. The Cyst form
cysts astrogliosis
ia 15-60 um with a bilayer and
granules below the cell wall

Acanthamoeba sp- inhalation, Entamoeba histolytica-

causes lung and neurologic
disease (GAE)- granulomatous
Hartmannella sp- amoebic encephalitis.
Non-pathogenic Trophozoites are 10-30 um in
free living diameter, contain an eccentric
amoeba. nucleus, a single nucleolus, and
eosinophilic cytoplasm, with
glycogen vacuoles and only one
nucleolus
aboebic dysentery in humans
Naegleria fowleri- Primary Amebic
and primates. Cause flask
Meningoencephalitis (PAM). Found in
shaped intestinal ulcers.
fresh water, soil, and sewage.
Hematogenous and lymphatic
Inhaled. Trophozoites are 6-12 um
dissemination may occur.
with central nucleus and single large
Trophozoites are 6-50 um in
nucleolus. Cysts are not generally
diameter often surrounded by
found in neural tissue
a clear halo and have an
eccentric nucleus

Visceral gout, Liver: Mineral deposition (gout Gout- caused by dehydration,

3 Boa Inclusion body tophi), with mild granulomatous IBD- Type C retrovirus nephrotoxic drugs,m excess dietary
disease inflammation protein and calcium, Vit A deficiency

Humans- Nucleic acids are

Liver: Hepatocyte inclusion
bodies, eosinophilic
,intracytoplasmic
Liver: Hepatocellular
degeneration, with single cell
necrosis
Yolk sac
4 Mouse Ovary: Yolk Sac Carcinoma
carcinoma
Uric acid is secreted by the
renal tubular epithelium
Adenine>hypoxanthine>xanthi
ne>Uric
acid>Allantoin>Allantoic
acid>urea
The tumor is composed of
nests, clusters, or ribbons of
discrete cells embedded in an embryonic structures. The yolk matrix
eosinophilic matrix
hydrolyzed to purines and
pyrimidines. Purine metabolism
creates uric acid via xanthine oxidase
Guanine>xanthine>uric acid>allantoic
acid>urea
Germ cell neoplasm that
differentiated into yolk sac extra-
is PAS positive
 Lesions are associated with
Humans with diabetes- common
persistent diabetes mellitus,
opportunistic fungal infections are
Cryptococcus Brain: Meningitis, granulomatous, with exacerbation of
2 5 Lemur sino-orbital aspergillosis,
neoformans with numerous yeast atherosclerosis with vascular
rhinocerebral mucormycosis, and
thrombosis and opportunistic
cryptococcal meningitis
fungal infection
Brain: Infarcts, multifocal, acute
and chronic
Ddx: Feline calicivirus-
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
oculonasal discharge, rhinitis, Toxoplasmosis- triggered by
necrotizing, acute, diffuse, severe,
Feline conjunctivitis, ulcerative immunosuppression, necrotizing
6 cat with syncytia and epithelial
Herpesvirus-1 stomatitis, interstitial interstitial pneumonia, with Type II
eosinophilic intranuclear
pneumonia, necrotizing pneumocyte proliferation
inclusions
bronchiolitis
Toxins- Paraquat (herbicide), fatal
Aspiration pneumonia-from interstitial pnuemonia- gross lesions
vomiting, regurgitation, include interstitial emphysema,
dysphagia, post-anesthesia, bullosu emphysema, and
pneumomediastinum
Brain: Laminar cortical necrosis Kidney lead levels were toxic
Acid fast intranuclear inclusions were
7 Ox Lead Toxicosis with gliosis and hypertrophic 85 ppm (Ref 5-700 ppm toxic
found in the renal tubular epithelium
endothelial cells range)
Toxicity- Binding and inactivation of
Lead in 3 forms- metallic and enzymatic sulfhydryl groups (heme
salt (car batteries, lead synthesis), competition with calcium
weights, paint, shot, plumbing ions (bone lead lines, neuromuscular
waste, computer equipment, junction tremors and paresis),
pesticide), and organic (in old alteration of Vit D metabolism.
gasoline) Altered heme synthesis may result on
increased serotonin production.

Microsporidian lesions grossly

resemble myxozoan (multnucleated
forms that have enveloping primary
cells which contain enveloped
With telangiectasia with
secondary cells, their spores have
parasitic xenomas. The
two polar capsules), ich (White spot
parasite invades through
Gill: Branchitis, necrotizing and disease caused by Ichthyphthirius
enterocytes and merogeny
proliferative, with mucus cell multifilis, trophonts are large with
8 Salmon Loma salmonae occurs , then sporogeny
metaplasia and numerous uniform layer of external cilia and
occurs and xenomas form:
protozoal cysts horse-shoe shaped macronucleus),
Spores are 7 um or less, egg
lymphocystis (Piscine iridovirus which
shaped, with a posterior
infects dermal fibroblasts and inhibits
vacuole.
mitosis, producing tremendous
cellular hypertrophy) and dermal
metacercariae (Cellular hypertrophy),
bacterial granulomas, and neoplasia.
 Ultrastructurally the crystals look like
Charcot-leyden crystals;
Acidophilic
Lung: Pneumonia, acidophilic Macrophages contain Biochemically theyt are composed of
3 9 Mouse Macrophage
macrophage eosinophilic crystals Ym-1 protein (Chitinase), also known
Pneumonia
as T-lymphocyte derived eosinophilic
chemotactic factor
Granular eosinophilic
extracellular material with
Bronchopneumonia, suppurative
Pneumocystis minimal associated
with intra-alveolar fungal
murina inflammation. There are two
organisms
forms, Trophozoites and cysts
containing sporozoites
There is focally extensive loss of
Colon: Serosal fibrosis with smooth muscle that normally
Gastric ulcers often
Chloral Hydrate leiomyocyte degeneration and comprises the external longitudianl
10 Rat accompany intraperitoneal
peritonitis necrosis and mild neutrophil layer of the tunica muscularis. There
injections of chloralhydrate
infiltration is replacement by fibrous tissue.
Inflammation is minimal
Liver: Choledochitis, proliferative,
SIV infected primates- Infection also causes epithelial
chronic active, diffuse, with mucus
cryptosporidium occurs in the hyperplasia in a variety of species,
Cryptosporidium cell metaplasia, apical protozoa,
11 Macaque small intestine, biliary and and villus blunting in others. This may
sp and multifocal mild
pancreatic tracts, conjunctiva be due in part to induction of
cholangiohepatitis with bile duct
and lung apoptosis
hyperplasia
distal ileum, small raised
islands progressing to
confluent nodular surface with
Small intestine: Enteritis,
Lawsonia hemorrhage and necrosis.
12 Rabbit proliferative, histiocytic and
intracellularis Thickened epithelium results
heterophilic
from expansion and
elongation of the crypts and
absence of goblet cells
Small intestine: intraepithelial
eimeria spp
protozoa
Aspergillus- 3-5 um wide
Heart: Epicarditis and myocarditis,
hyphae with regular septate Primary pathogenic fungi:
necrotizing and granulomatous
4 13 Dog Aspergillus sp parallel walls and Blastomyces, Histoplasmosis,
with vasculitis and pigmented and
dichotomous acute angle Cryptococus, Coccidiomycosis
non-pigmented fungi
branching
most cases of disseminated
Pigmented hyphae, 2-6 um Aspergillosis occur in German
wide, closely septate hypahe Shepherds. Opportunistic fungi:
Cladosporium with non-parallel walls, non- Aspergillus, Zygomycetes(Mucorales:
bantianum dichotomous branching, and Rhizopus, Absidia, Mucor/
occasional thick walled Entomophthorales: Basidiobolus,
vesicular swellings Conidiobolus), Pythiosis,
Phaeohyphomycosis
 p53 is ini nucleus, prevents
proliferation of cells with DNA
damage- causing repair or
apoptosis. When DNA
damage occurs p53 levels
rapidly increase and cause
transcription of p21 (CDK
inhibitor). This prevents p53 deficient mice develop T
phosphorylation of Rb lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma,
preventing entrance into the S fibrosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma,
14 Mouse Lymphoma Thymus: Lymphoma
phase of the cell cycle. If teratoma, anaplastic sarcoma,
DNA damage is repaired p53 osteosarcoma, lung adenocarcinoma,
activates mdm2 whose hair matrix tumor, leiomyosarcoma
product binds to and down-
regulates p53. If DNA repair is
unsuccessful p53 initiates
apoptosis through Bax and
IGF-BP3. IGF-BP3 binds
ILGFreceptor and bax
antagonizes bcl-2
Determiners of malignancy:
Selef sufficiency in growth
signals, insensitivity to
inhibitory signals (TGFB and
inhibitors of Cdkinases),
evasion of apoptosis
(inactivation of p53), defects
Hemangiosarcom
Heart: Hemangiosarcoma in DNA repair, limitless
a
reproductive potential
(maintenance of telomere
length), sustained
angiogenesis (VEGF), escape
from immunity and rejection,
and the ability to invade and
metastisize
Anemia- non-regenerative = anemia
Omentum: Omentitis,
of chronic disease (TNF, IL-1, IFN-
Pyogranulomatou pyogranulomatous, sclerosing, Gossypium (cotton) and boma
gamma)--> decreased response to
15 Dog s omentitis marked, focally extensive, with (place of concealment-
erythropoietin and decreased release
(Gossypiboma) fibrillar foreign material (surgical swahili)= Gossypiboma
of EPO, and impaired availability og
sponge)
iron into erythron
Fever: IL-1 and TNF increase
Acute phase proteins- IL-6 -->
cyclooxygenase--> increased Leukocytosis- IL-1/ TNF -->
C reactive protein and
PGE2--> produce accelerated release from bone
fibrinogen/ IL-1/TNF--> Serum
neurotransmitters that increase marrow post-mitotic pool
amyloid A
set-point temps
 NDV- rubulavirus
(Paramyxoviridae). 5
Pathotypes- Viscerotropic
velogenic--> Acute and lethal
with hemorrhage in GI tract. gross lesions of VVND =
Neurotropic velogenic--> subcutaneous and periocular edema,
Neurologic and respiratory. hemorrhagic and catarrhal tracheitis,
Newcastle Conjunctiva: Conjunctivitis, acute,
Mesogenic--> acute airsacculitis, necrohemorrhagic
16 Chicken Disease Virus focal, moderate, with necrotizing
respiratory sometimes lethal enteritis, yolk peritonitis/ Histo=
(Rubulavirus) vasculitis
in young chicks. Lentogenic -- necrotizing vasculitis, thrombosis,
> Mild or inapparent lymphoid depletion, necrosuppurative
respiratory infection. encephalomyelitis.
Asymptomatic-enteric form
manifests chiefly as gut
infections with lentogenic
viruses.
Paramyxovirus (Bovine PI-3,
Sendai virus (PI-1), Human PI-
1, 3), Rubulavirus (Avian
paramyxovirus-1(NDV),
Paramyxoviridae- Simian virus-5, Mumps, Pneumovirus (BRSV, Pneumonia
hemagglutinin/Neuraminidase Human PI-2), Morbillivirus virus of mice, Turkey rhinotracheitis
(HN) and fusion protein (F) (Canine Distemper virus, virus, Human RSV)
Rinderpest, Peste des petits
ruminants, Dolphin
morbillivirus, Phocine
distemper, Measles)
LGL are either cytotoxic T cell (CD8+
The spleen red pulp is CD3+), or NK cells (CD3-). Cytotoxic
expanded by large neoplastic granule proteins such as TIA-1,
round cells with scant granzyme, and perforin are used as
Large granular Spleen: Sinusoidal large granular
amounts of eosinophilic markers. In humans LGL is thought to
5 17 Dog lymphocyte lymphocyte leukemia with lympoid
cytoplasm and round to arise from apoptosis dysregulation
leukemia atrophy of white pulp
indented nuclei. Cells were due to abnormalities in the Fas/FasL
positive for CD3 and negative pathway. It is often associated with
for CD79a and lysozyme autoimmune disorders, Epstein BArr,
T-cell lymphotropic virus

Large bacterial colonies:

Liver: Abscesses, multifocal and
YAAACCSS: Actinomyces,
coalescing with myriad bacilli, and
Actinobacillus, The spiculated material is most
Arcanobacterium random portal hepatitis,
18 Goat Arcanobacterium, Clostridium, consistent with Splendore-Hoeppli
pyogenes neutrophilic and plasmacytic eith
Corynebacterium, material, but could be amyloid.
abundant eosinophilic spiculated
Staphylococcus,
material
Streptococcus
 Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
necrotizing, hemorrhagic and
neutrophilic, global, diffuse with
neutrophilic and plasmacytic
tubulointerstitial nephritis,
numerous fibrin thrombi, and
multifocal eosinophilic spiculated
material
Lung,Liver: Leukemia,
19 Guinea pig Cavian leukemia
lymphoblastic
Liver: Portal arteriolar hyperplasia
Congenital and venule hypoplasia, moderate
Portosystemic with lymphangiectasia,
20 Dog
shunt (Portal hepatocellular atrophy and fatty
hypoplasia) change, periportal and bridging
fibrosis and bile stasis
Heart: Myocarditis and epicarditis,
Hepatozoon pyogranulomatous, multifocal,
6 21 Dog
americanum with numerous protozoal cysts penetrate the intestine and go
and merozoites
Small Intestine: Enteritis,
subacute with villous blunting and
fusion and few sporozoites
Type C retrovirus particles found, but
Hepatic sinusoids were
not a definitive cause. This is a
expanded by a fairly
transmissible (transplantable)
monomorphic population of
neoplasm in ibred strains and hybrids.
round lymphoid cells, with
Guinea pig herpesvirus may also
tingible body macrophages.
contribute to the disease.
Calculi- Ammonium bi-urates,
urates- Erythrocytic
microcystosis is common.
Fasting and post-prandial bile
acids, increased ALT
(increased injury) ALP is
inducible, indicator of
cholestasis
Transmitted by Amblyomma
maculatum, dog ingests the
tick, sporozoites released
Histo: typical "onion skin cysts" within
from the tick oocysts
the muscle, meronts, and
pyogranulomatous myositis
ti muscle via circulation where
they undergo asexual
reproduction.
Sporozoites are Sarcocystis,
dogs are the definitive host

Type II (antibody-mediated)
hypersensitivity- cell surface
antigens (HLA in transplants)-
Humoral rejection- in 2 forms-
Hyperacute (preformed
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
antibodies to donor HLA), and
mesangioproliferative, global,
Acute (not previously
Renal allograft diffuse, with lymphoplasmacytic
22 Macaque sensitized)- Hyperacute
rejection interstitial nephritis and arteritis
occurs immediately with
with intimal fibromuscular
circulating antibodies reacting
proliferation
to graft endothelium-->
Thrombosis and vasculitis.
Antibodies activate
compliment and, ADCC (CD8-
NK cells-Type IV))
Type IV (cell mediated)
hypersensitivity- 2 mechanisms:
CD8+ cytotoxicity, and CD4 TH1
delayed hypersensitivty. Direct
pathway- CD8+ TCR recognize HLA
on MHC 1(donor self ag) on Donor
APC's or CD4+ cells recognize
antigens on Donor APC MHC II and
acitvate macrophages. The Indirect
pathway- Recipient APC's take on
donor Ag, and Expresson MHCII -->
CD4+--> Cell mediated and humoral
immunity (type II).
 Heart: Myocarditis,
lymphohistiocytic, multifocal, with
Canine Parvovirus-
23 Dog myocyte degeneration and
2
necrosis and basophilic
intranuclear inclusions
Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, otitis
media, exudate in tympanic
Streptococcus Lung: Bronchopneumonia, bullae, fibrinopurulent DDX: Corynebacyerium, Salmonella,
24 Rat
pneumonia necrotizing, suppurative pleuritis, peritonitis, Pseudomonas, Pasteurella
pericarditis, meningitis,
localized bronchopneumonia
Midbrain: Meningoencephalitis,
suppurative with bacterial
diplococci
late term abortions, stillbirths
Porcine
and respiratory disease in
Reproductive and Lung: Pneumonia,
younf pigs- related viruses virus replicates in alveolar
7 25 Pig Respiratory bronchointerstitial, with type II
include Equine Arteritis Virus, macrophages and glial cells
Syndrome pneumocyte hyperplasia
and Simian Hemorrhagic
(Arterivirus)
Fever
Bacteria: Mycoplasma
hyopneumoniae (porcine
enzootic pneumonia),
Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniaw (porcine
Porcine pneumonia: viral- Swine
pleuropneumonia), Parsites: Metastrongylus apri, Ascaris
Inlfuenza, PCV-2, Porcine
Haemophilus parasuis suum.
Respiratory Coronavirus
(Glassers dz), Pasteurella
multocids, Strep suis type II,
Mycobacterium avium, bovis,
and tuberculosis, Salmonella
cholersuis and typhisuis.
Tumorogenesis: Initiation-permanent
DDX: metastatic uterine
DNA mutations -non-lethal
adenocarcinoma. VX2
(irreversible) induced by
carcinoma was established
environmental carcinogens or viruses
from a carcinoma induced in a
(targets include growth promotors,
Stomach: Carcinoma with rabbit by the Shope
26 Rabbit VX2 Carcinoma tumor suppressor genes, and
intravascular emboli Papillomavirus- anaplastic
apoptosis genes, DNA repair genes.
carcinoma compoised of
And Promotion- enhance the
poorly differentiated
proliferation of initiated cells, and may
keratinocytes that do not
predispose to further mutation- do not
keratinize.
affect DNA directly and are reversible
 Eight determinants of
malignancy- self-sufficiency of
growth signals, insensitivity to
growth -inhibitory signals,
evasion of apoptosis, defects
in DNA repair, limitless
replicative potential, sustained
angiogenesis, invasion and
metastasis, and evadeing the
immune system.

lesions include hepatic

necrosis with suppuration,
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, necrotizing enteritis in the
Clostridium
27 Horse random with intrahepatocytic distal ileum and cecum
piliforme
bacilli (excepot in Rabbit where the
cecum and colon are targets,
and necrotizing myocarditis)
Lesions are most frequent in the
pancreaticoduodenal artery and
medium sized arteries of the
In Rats- Sprague Dawley and mesentery, pancreas and testis.
Pancreas: Arteritis, histiocytic and Spontaneous Hypertensive Histologically there is thickening of
Polyarteritis
28 Monkey lymphocytic, necrotizing with Rat Strains, and in rats with the tunica media and infiltration by
nodosa
fibromuscular proliferation late stage chronic monocytes (CD68+)and neutrophils.
nephropathy. With Movats pentachrome the
quantity of intimal proliferation and
disruption of elastic laminae are
noticeable.
Subendocardial myocardium
exhibits degeneration and
necrosis with fibrosis. Bases
of papillary muscles and innre Cause- idiopathic or associated with
Dilative Heart, myocardium: Degeneration, third of the myocardium of the hyperadrenocorticism. HCM and
8 29 Ferret
Cardiomyopathy necrosis with replacement fibrosis left ventricle are most severe. valvular diseases are common in
Mild diffuse infiltration of older ferrets.
macrophages, lymphocytes,
and plasma cells as well as
neutrophils
Piroplasms may be found in
erythrocytes in later stages or
persistently infected cats.
Brain, cerebrum, lung: Apicomplexan in the family
30 Cat Cytauxzoon felis Anemia, iceterus, fevers, hemorrhage
Intramonocytic schizonts Theileriidae. The natural
reservoir is the Bobcat. Ticks
are ingested or the cat is
innoculated by the tick
 Neuroendocrine pattern with
basal nuclei and vacuolated
cytoplasm, mitotic index is
Neoplastic cells release insulin
low. IHC Chromogranin A,
inappropriately leading to
Insulin. EM-Numerous
31 Macaque Islet cell tumor Pancreas: Islet cell tumor (beta) hypoglycemia and neuroglycopenic
polymorphic granules
siezures, weakness, dullness, and
containing dense rectangular
abnormal behavior
crystalline core separated
from the limiting membrane by
a distinct halo (beta cells)
delts- somatostatin,
Alpha- glucagon enterochromaffin cells- serotonin
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Mastadenovirus- CAV-1(ICH), CAV-2
(ICTB), EqAV-1,2 (Mild except in CID
Lung: Pneumonia, foals), BovAV-1,2,3,9,10 (Enzootic
bronchointerstitial, proliferative, EM- virions in paracrystalline pneumonia), OvAV-1,2 (Mild resp,
subacute, diffuse, with epithelial arrays; syncytia and enteric), GoatAV-1,2 (mild resp ent),
32 Sheep Ovine adenovirus
and pneumocyte cytomegaly, Langahans cells are not PorAV-1,5 (Enteritis and
syncytia and basophilic typical. encephalitis), Guinea pigAV-1
intranuclear inclusions (Pneumonitis), MouseAV-1,2
(Enteritis and encephalitis), SimianAV-
1-25, HumanAV -1-51
Aviadenovirus- FowlAV-1 Siadenovirus- FrogAV-1, Atadenovirus- OvAV-7 (mild resp,
(Inclusion body hepatitis in TurkeyAV-3 (hemorrhagic ent), BovAV-4-8 (Enzootic pna), Black
chickens), Fowl AV-4 enteritis), PheasantAV-1 tail deer AV-1 (Pulm edema,
(Hydropericardium syndrome (Marble spleen dz in hemorrhage, vasculitis), DuckAV-1
chickens), GooseAV-1-3 pheasants) (Egg Drop Syndrome chickens)
Flavivirus- encephalitis in
humans, birds, horse, other Gross lesions- Birds- meningeal
West Nile Virus Colon: Colitis, histiocytic and mammals and reptiles. Dogs, hemorrhagem myocardial pale foci,
9 33 Alligator
(Flavivirus) heterophilic Rabbits, guinea pigs, splenomegaly, intestinal mucosal
hedgehogs and sheep do not hemorrhage, white foci in kidneys.
develop encephalitis
Histo- Birds- hemorrhage in
cerebellar foli with degeneration and
Horses- Neurotropism necrosis of the cerebellar molecular
(brainstem). layer and purkinje cells.
Polioencephalomyelitis Lymphoplasmacytic
meningoencephalitis, necrotizing
myocarditis, and enterocolitis
Avian Brain: Encephalitis
encephalomyelitis lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal with EM- Virions in crystalline DDX: END (peripheral chromatolysis),
34 Chicken virus gliosis neuronal degeneration, arraye of 22-25 nm in purkinje WEE, Rickets, Encephalomalacia and
(Picornaviridae- necrosis and pancreatic lymphoid cells riboflavin deficiency
hepatovirus) infiltrates

AEV- Central chromatolysis
infiltrates in the muscle of the
Kidney: Amyloidosis, glomerular,
35 Dog Amyloidosis diffuse, global, and interstitial with fragments). Seen with multiple
tubular proteinosis
Nephritis, interstitial,
lymphoplasmacytic/ Pelvic vein
thrombosis with mineralization
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
histiocytic with many adult and
larval metastrongyles, bronchiolar
Didelphostrongylu
36 Opossum mucus cell hyperplasia,
s hayesi
atelectasis, bronchiolar and
alveolar smooth muscle
hypertrophy
Normal fetal bone
10 37 Ox (plexiform cortical Normal appositional growth
bone)
Primary Osteonal- anastomosing
vascular haversian canals
surrounded by concentric lamellae
forming Haversian systems
Picornavirus: Aphthovirus (FMD),
Enterovirus (SVDV), Porcine
enterovirus-1 {Polioencephalomyelitis-
teschen}, Avian enteroviruses {Avian
and dense lymphocytic
encephalomyelitis, hepatitis},
Coxsackievirus {Meningitis,
proventriculus, ventriculus,
myocarditis, poliomyelitis}, Rhinovirus
myocardium and pancreas
(Bovine and human), Hepatovirus
(Simian hepatitis A, and Human
Hepatitis A)
Cardiovirus-
Encephalomyocarditis virus
(elephants swine), Theilers
murine encephalomyelitis
virus
AL: Plasma cells, Ig light
chains (complete or AA: from Serum Amyloid A, acute
phase protein from liver, chronic
myeloma or other immunocyte inflammatory conditions,
dyscrasia
AB: Beta amyloid- Alzheimers, IAAP- Islet associated amyloid
cerebral plaques peptide- Pancreas- Type II diabetes
Prion diseases:
Pulmonary inflammation Smooth muscle hyperplasia is
associated with free larvae, prominent (reminiscent of cats with
not adults. aleurostrongylus abstrusus)
Circumferential lamellar,
simple primary osteonal, Laminar- circumferential lamellae
plexiform, and saltatory
Plexiform- multiple widely
spaces lamina of periosteal
woven bone. The spaces in
between fill in with compact
In calves the compaction of the
lamellar bone- In the Horse,
plexiform bone are oriented parallel
compaction can form osteons
with the convex surface of the bone
(saltatory formation) with the
without the formation of osteons
orientation of the osteon and
its vessels being
perpendicular to the long axis
of the bone
 Salmonellosis in birds: 2-3
weeks old/ Pullorum disease=
Bone: Osteomyelitis, S pullorum, and Fowl
granulomatous and heterophilic, Typhoid= S. gallinarum:
multifocal, marked with medullary Lesions are splenomegaly, Serotypes classified based on
Salmonella
38 Heron bone sequestrum, trabecular hepatomegaly, and caseous somatic (O), capsular (Vi), and
typhimurium
resorption, periosteal new bone material in yolk sacs, arthritis, flagellar (H) antigens
formation, and colones of pericarditis, hydropericardium.
coccobacilli The most common
Salmonella from waterfowl is
typhimurium

Cholerasuis-Septicemia,
button ulcers/ Dublin-fibrinous typhimurium- fibrinonecrotic
Tendons: Tenosynovitis, chronic
cholecystitis in Ox and Sheep/ enterocolitis in pigs, horse, ruminants/
active, proliferative
Enteritidis- enterocolitis in septicemia in foals and calves, lambs
sheep and primates, rodents
Calcium deficient- disorganization
Long bone- failure of
Rickets: Birds- Calcium, and thickening of physis with small
endochondral ossification and
phosphorus, Vit D deficiency/ zone of hypertrophy. Bone marrow
39 Heron Rickets retained cartilaginous cores with
as well as excess calcium and often has fibrous tissue and
increased osteoid seams/ fracture
phosphorus osteoclasts are abundant. Parathyroid
w/ callus
gland hyperplasia
Phosphorus deficiency- Large
zone of hypertrophy with
defective mineralization of Vitamin D rickets- lengthening and
hypertrophic cartilage and disorganization of the proliferating
wide unmineralized osteoid zone and variable lenghtening and
seams extending into the dysplasia of the mineralizing zone.
primary spongiosa. The primary spongiosa is short thick
Osteoclasts are reduced, cartilgae columns. Parathyroid gland
ands osteoblasts are hyperplasia.
increased. Often parathyroid
gland atrophy.
Domestic animal rickets- Vit D
Thickening of physis, disorganization,
or Phosphorus deficiency,
failure of mineralization of the
chronic renal disease, or
cartilage and osteoid.
fluorosis
 Pathogenesis: Rheumatoid factors
(IgG, IgM), are produced in response
to unknown stimulus. Immune
complexes form with unknown
Paw, bones and joints:
antigens, ingested by neutrophils that
Polyarthritis, Polyarthritis and osteomyelitis with Collagen Induced Arthritis and
release lysosomal enzymes which
osteomyelitis cartilage erosion, subchondral Adjuvant Induced Arthritis=
40 Mouse destroy articular cartilage and reduce
(Rheumatoid pannus, cortical resorption, Models mimicking
proteoglycan production. Loss of
arthritis) periosteal fibroplasia, reactive Rheumatois Arthritis
proteoglycans increases mechanical
bone formation
trauma to cartilage, dying
chondrocytes activate MMP's
(gelatinases, collagenases) result in
digestion of the cartilage.

Non-erosive- SLE, Type III

hypersensitivy from pyometra, otitis
externa. Also have synovitis and
Erosive arthritis- Rhematoid, glomerulonephritis. There is minimal
bacterial villous hypertrohpy and pannus
formation, no atricular cartilage
destruction even though there are
neutrophils in the synovial fluid.
Tritrichomonas foetus- 3
Cecum: Typhlitis, necrotizing,
anterior flagella, 1 posterior Cats- large bowel diarrhea and
histiocytic, neutrophhilic, and
Tritrichomonas flagellum, an undulating ulceration of the colon. Same
11 41 Cat lymphoplasmacytic, transmural,
fetus membrane, and single organism that causes reproductive
with granulation tissue and myriad
nucleus, stout axostyle, and failure in cattle
protozoa
stout costa.
Bovine- genital trichomoniasis-
-> balanoposthitis, purulent.
Vaginitis, endometritis,
cervicitis, abortion, pyometra,
placentitis-white to yellow
flocculent exudate, placental
thickening, and hemorrhagic
cotyledons
Variant of polypoid cystitis in
which eosinophils are the
predominant component. --
hyperplastic, ulcerated Synonyms: fibroma, fibrous polyp,
Polypoid transitional epithelium, a eosinophilic cystitis, polypoid
Urinary bladder: Polypoid cystitis,
42 Dog eosinophilic nodule of fibrous connective eosinophilic cystitis, cystitis with
eosinophilic
cystitis tissue confined to the fibroplasia, and mesenchymal tumor
propria/submucosa, with inflammation.
vascularity, eosinophils,
granulopoiesis, cystitis
glandularis and Brunns nest
 Dietary copper- Absorbed from the
Primary copper toxicosis- proximal SI via carrier mediated
Liver: Cirrhosis- Multifocal
inherited metabolic disorder. transport. Bound to metallothioneins
necrosis, nodular regeneration,
Secondary copper toxicosis in intestinal epithelium. To portal
fibrosis, biliary hyperplasia,
results from an underlying circulation bound to albumin and
43 Ferret Copper toxicosis canalicular cholestasis, lipidosis,
pathologic process that leads other proteins -->liver and some to
EMH, and eosinophilic refractile
to an abnormally high intake, kidney. In liver copper is used or
hepatocellular cytoplasmic
increased absorption, or excreted. ATP7B is needed for
granules
reduced excretion of copper incorporation into ceruloplasmin and
biliary excretion.
Copper storage disease-
Secondary Copper toxicosis- copper
Wilsons dz in humans (liver,
retention secondary to cirrhosis in
cornea, brain- deficiency in
humans, chronic active hapatitis in
ATP7B, a copper transporting
Doberman pinschers- copper
ATPase), Long Evans
accumulates in portal areas. Skye
Cinnamon rats (LEC) and
terrier hepatitis- intracanalicular
Toxic Milk Mice (animal
cholestasis with copper accumulation,
models of Wilsons dz),
hepatocellular degeneration and
Bedlington Terriers (MURR1
cirrhosis (centrilobular accumulation)
gene), Unknown in WHWT
Eccrine carcinoma (atrichial)-
apocrine glands- epitrichial or
independent of the hair
paratrichial- Differentiation of eccrine
follicle. Ducts open directly
carcinoma from apocrine acrcinoma-
onto the epithelium in
Eccrine- secretory coil- single layer,
merocrine type or other type
44 Dog Adenocarcinoma Foot Pad- Adenocarcinoma and ductular segment- 2 layers of
of secretion. Found in
nonsecretory cells.
glabrous skin (footpads) ,
Carcinoembryonic antigen is present
frog, carpus of pigs,
in both the ductular and secretory
nasolabial region of
portions in eccrine carcinoma.
ruminants.
Paraquat- herbicide- Alveolar
capillary endothelium is
spared, toxic to type 1 and 2
pneumocytes. Toxin is
Lung: Interstitial pneumonia,
actively taken in by cells, and
hemorrhagic with type II
12 45 Dog Paraquat toxicity causes cyclic oxidation-
pneumocyte hyperplasia and
reduction generating large
interstitial fibrosis
amounts of free radicals
including superoxide,
hydrogen peroxide, and
hydroxyl radicals.
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial
lymphoplasmacytic with
glomerular sclerosis
Cattle hepatotoxins- Blue-
Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration green algae, Cestrum spp Chronic hepatotoxins- aflatoxins,
Cestrum sp
46 Ox and necrosis, centrilobular and (atractylosides) (C diurnum pyrrolizidine alkaloids, sporidesmin,
toxicity
midzonal causes calcinosis), cocklebur, lantana, nitrosamines,
poison peach, sawfly larvae
 Oxalates- Alizarin Red S (+ red at 7.0
kidney: Tubular degeneration, Oxalates- Fungi, ethylene
Oxalosis/ but neg at 4.2), Insoluble with 2M
necrosis, and regeneration with glycol metabolites, Halogeton,
47 Dog melamine acetic acid// CaPo4, CaCo3 both +
interstitial fibrosis and Sarcobatus, Rheum, Oxalis,
cyanuric acid with Alizarin red at 4.2 and 7.0 and
mineralization with crystals Rumex::
soluble with acetic acid
(ethylene glycol-->
glycoaldehyde--> glycoxylate -- Melamine/cyanurate- Oil Red O + at
:> oxalate, glycine, and 72 hrs, Alizarin Red Negative at 4.2,
formate). As water is Von Kossa Negative, IR spectroscopy
reabsorbed from renal tubules different.
calcium oxalate precipitates
Bracken fern 1) Acute high dose Bracken
2) Chronic low dose toxicity:
associated fern: Bone marrow aplasia,
48 Ox Rumen: Squamous cell carcinoma Intermittent hematuria-enzootic
squamous cell thrombocytopenia,
hematuria and is related to neoplasi
carcinoma neutropenia
3) Squamous cell carcinoma
Other Bracken fern diseases- Bright
of the upper GI tract- base of
blindness in horses and pigs,
the tongue, esophagus, cardia
Thiamine deficiency
and rumen
BPV-1: UB tumors, BPV-4:
Upper GI tumors, benign and
malignant with Quercetin
synergism
Cell mechanisms of
Ultrastructure of acute doxorubicin
anthracyclines- vasoactive,
toxicity- numerous vacuoles,
Heart: Myocardial vacuolar cytotoxic effects of local free
mitochondria (onion ring shaped
13 49 Rabbit Adriomycin toxicity degeneration, necrosis, and loss radicals, inhibition of nucleic
cristae), swollen sarcoplasmic
with multifocal fibrosis acid synthesis and protein
reticulum, myofibrillar loss, separation
synthesis, disturbed calcium
of intercalated discs.
metabolism in cardiomyocytes
Plants- Cardiac glycosides, Lantana
camara, Gossypol, Cassia
Ionophores- Monensin,
Bone Marrow: Hypocellularity occidentalis, Hairy vetch,
Lasalocid
Calcinogenic plants, Vitamin E
selenium deficiency, cantharadin
Testes: Degeneration and atrophy
Tropism for endothelium, Recovering dogs will develop an
Infectious canine Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
mesothelium, hepatocytes, immune complex uveitis (Type III)
50 dog hepatitis (Canine centrilobular with intranuclear
macrophages; Gall bladder resulting in unilateral or bilateral
Adenovirus -1) inclusion bodies
edema corneal adema
Trypanosoma theileri-
Phylum Sarcomastigophora--
> class Zoomastigophorrea- 30-35um protozoa with tapering ends,
Peripheral blood smear:
Trypanosoma -> order Kinetoplastida -- undulating membrane with a
51 Ox Trypomastigotes and relative
theileri > family flagellum, central nucleus and large
lymphocytosis
Trypanomastidae --> marginal kinetoplast
genus trypanosoma-->
subgenus megatrypanum
 Experimental infection with BLV,
Bovine leukemia
expansion of CD5+ and IgM + B
virus
lymphocytes
Urinary bladder: Transitional cell
Transitional cell
52 Dog carcinoma, papillary and
carcinoma
infiltrating
Clinical manifestation of
Bone, metaphysis: Osteomyelitis
Visceral leishmaniasis--> amastigotes are 2-4um round to oval
and periostitis, plasmacytic and
chronic, cachexia, cutaneous with clear cytoplasm and a kinetoplast
histiocytic with reactive bone
14 53 Dog Leishmania spp lesions, hepatomegaly, perpendicular to the nucleus. The
formation, periosteal fibroplasia
splenomegaly, kinetoplast is a specialized
and myriad intrahistiocytic
lymphadenopathy, joint mitochondia.
amastigotes
lesions

DDX: Histoplasma capsulatum,
Sporothrix schenckii,
Trypanosoma cruzi (in
muscle/parallel kinetoplast),
Toxoplasma gondii
Rhodococcus equi Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
(gram Pos pyogranulomatous, multifocal,
54 Foal
facultative severe, with myriad intrahistiocytic
intracellular) coccobacilli
Skeletal muscle: Myocyte
degeneration and necrosis,
Muscular multifocal, moderate, with
55 Dog
dystrophy regeneration, variation in fiber
size, satellite cell proliferation, and
endomysial fibrosis
Leishmania infantum-
Foxhounds in US: Th1-->
IFNy --> activates
Macrophages and kills
parasites. Th2 --> IL-4, IL-10
and IL-13 which inhibit the
activation of macrophages
and stimulate immunoglobin
production which may result in
immune complex deposition
Also causes ulcerative
enteritis. There are virulent
and avirulent strains. Virulent
strains have VAP (virulence
associated plasmid). Lymphadenitis in swine, sheep, cattle,
Pyogranulomatous llamas, and cats
pneumonia often appears with
abscessation, lymphadenitis,
and less commonly
osteomyelitis.
DM1 (type 1- loss of Chloride
channel from membrane
surface due to improper
splicing, leading to Cardiac conduction abnormalities,
hyperexcitabliity), and DM2 cataracts, diabetes, testicular failure,
(proximal myotonic and hypogammaglobulinemia; Goat
myopathy), central nuclei, myotonia- chloride channel reduced
angular atrophic fibers, conductance and hyperexcitabliity
hypertrophic fibers, necrotic
fibers, fibrosis, and deposition
of adipose tissue.

Muscular dystrophies-(X-linked,
autosomal MD, and myotonic
dystrophy)
Rumen: Rumenitis, erosive,
Bovine Viral
multifocal, subacute, with singel
56 Ox Diarrhea Virus
cell necrosis, and hydropic
(Pestivirus)
degeneration of epithelial cells
Persistent infections: NCP in utero
(before 125 days) -->
immunotolerance--> CP infection/ Chronic MD--> alopecia and
mutation in NCP --> erosions of hyperkeratosis (neck), chronic
oral and nasal mucosa.
Esophagus, rumen, abomasum,
omasum, cecum, colon,
interdigital cleft
Brainstem and cerebrum:
Meningoencephalitis,
Neospora lymphoplasmacytic and
15 57 Dog
caninum eosinophilic, multifocal, moderate
with protozoal cysts and
tachyzoites
Haired skin: dermatitis,
proliferative, lymphoplasmacytic
and neutrophilic with
Contagious
hyperkeratosis, intracorneal
58 Goat ecthyma (Ovine
pustules, epidermal intracellular
parapoxvirus)
edema, and epidermal
intracytoplasmic eosinophilic
inclusion bodies
CIC-1 (chloride channel- fainting goat,
miniature schnauzer);; X-linked
Myotonia- sustained
Duchenne MD (Dystrophin defect-
involuntary contraction of a
dystrophin connects the contractile
group of muscles
proteins to the ECM);; Felines have
duchenne with muscular hypertrophy
Acute BVD Diarrhea: NCP in
immunocompetent 6 months
CP Transplacental infections-
to 2 years; Before 100-125
Between 50-100 days (death
days (immunotolerance and
abortion), Between 100-150
PI); After 150-200 days
(congenital defects)
(Immunocompetent, have
antibodies, unthrifty)
DDX: Rinderpest (Morbillivirus)-
Intranuclear/intracytoplasmic
inclusion bodies, syncytia; Malignant
catarrhal fever (Herpesviridae-alpha)
conjunctivitis with corneal edema,
lymphoblastic necrotizing vasculitis;
IBR BHV-1, alpha-epithelial necrosis
erosive lesions in mouth and
and INIB; ORAL LESIONS only- FMD
skin, hooves, and horns.
(Picornaviridae-aphthovirus), VS
(Rhabdoviridae, Vesiculovirus),
Bluetongue (Reoviridae-Orbivirus);
Bovine Papular stomatitis
(Parapoxvirus); Necrobacillosis-
Neospora- Tachyzoites, tissue cysts,
and oocysts. Tachyzoites are 6 x 2
um, cysts are oval upt o 107 um
IHC negative for Toxoplasma. (CNS), Tissue cysts have thick 4um
N caninum does not develop wall and enclose 8 x 2 um
within a parasitophorus Bradyzoites, Dogs shed unsporulated
vacuole (Toxoplasma does), oocysts, and once outside sporulate.
Ingested sporocysts spread to many
tissues and encyst as bradyzoites in
tissue cysts
comparative: Bovine parapoxvirus
Sheep and goats, transmitted
(Bovine papular stomatitis- mouth and
through fomites, zoonotic,
esophagus, and pseudocowpox- teats
oral, teat and eyelids, and feet
and milkers nodules).
 canine fucosidosis is a
lysosomal storage disease
affecting English Springer
Males may be infertile, onset of 6
Spaniels. Mutation
months, and is progressice,
(frameshift) of canine
Ganglion: Vacuolar change, individuals dont survive beyond 4
fucosidase gene. The enzyme
59 Dog Fucosidosis neuronal, with multifocal years. Vacuoles are large single and
is present normally in plasma,
lymphoplasmacytic ganglioneuritis displace the Nissle substance. Some
leukocytes, and other tissues,
are empty and contain fine floccular
resulting in defective
material.
degradation o fwater soluble
glycoproteins, containing
fucose.
Lysosomal enzymes (acid
hydrolases) are synthesized in
the endoplasmic reticulum
and then uniquely processed
Lysosomal storage diseases results
in the golgi apparatus -->
in accumulation of partially degraded
modification (address label-
insoluble metabolites.
terminal mannose-6-
phosphate) --> bind to inner
golgi membrane --> segregate
to lysosomes
Storage Diseases Disease Enzyme Deficiency Accumulating Metabolites
Glycogenosis Type 2- Pompe Disease alpha-1,4 glucosidase Glycogen
GM1 ganglioside B- GM1 ganglioside, Galactose-
Sphingolipidoses GM1 gangliosidosis
galactosidase containing oligosaccharides
GM2 gangliosidosis
Hexosaminidase-alpha
Tay-Sachs disease, GM2 ganglioside
subunit
Hexosaminidase-beta
Sandhoff disease GM2 ganglioside, globoside
subunit
Ganglioside activator
Variant AB BM2 ganglioside
protein
Sulfatidoses Metachromatic leukodystrophy Arylsulfatase A Sulfatide
Krabbe disease (Globoid cell
Galactosylceramidase Galactocerebroside
leukodystrophy)
Gaucher disease Glucocerebrosidase Glucocerebroside
Miemann-pick disease Sphingomyelinase Sphingomyelin
Mucopolysaccha
MPH I H (Hurler) alpha-L-iduronidase Dermatan sulfate, heparin sulfate
ridoses (MPS)
MPH II (Hunter) L-iduronosulfate sulfatase
Deficiency of
phosphorylating enzymes
Mucolipidoses
I-cell disease (ML II) essential for the formation Mucopolysaccharide, glycolipid
(ML)
of mannose-6-phosphate
recognistion marker
Other diseases
Fucose-containing sphingolipids
of complex Fucosidosis Alpha-fucosidase
and glycoprotein fragments
Carbohydrates
 mannose-containing
Mannosidosis alpha-mannosidase
oligosaccharides
mannose-containing
beta-mannosidase
oligosaccharides
Other Lysosomal
Wolman disease Acid lipase Cholesterol esters, triglycerides
Storage Disease

Neuronal Ceroid-lipofuscinosis Unknown unknown

ddx: Xanthomatous
meningioma- mesoderm and
neural crest contribute to the
formation of the meninges.
Most are meningothelial or
psammomatous and many
AFIP interpreted the lesion in the
Cholesterol Brain, cerebrum, and meninges: have cholesterol depostis.
60 Cat submitted sections as cholesterol
granuloma Cholesterol granuloma The xanthomatous change is
granuloma
often the result of lipid
accumulation in meningeal
cells, rather than by infiltration
by macrophages (lipid laden).
Meningioma cells positive with
S100, PAS, and cytokeratin

ddx: 1) Adenocarcinoma-
cotton top tamarin-colitis -->
adenocarcinoma, 2)
Retroperitoneal fibromatosis-
young animals, aggressive
Speculations on pathogenesis: 1)
proliferation of highly vascular
Regurgitation theory- retrograde
fibrous connective tissue,
menstruation or reflux of endometrial
ileocecal junction, associated
tissue through fallopian tubes, with
with Gammaherpesvirus
subsequent implantation and
(RFHV) and Oncovirus Simian
proliferation of viable endometrial
16 61 Macaque Endometriosis Colon; mesentery: Endometriosis Type D retrovirus (SRV-2)
fragments in abdomen; 2) Metaplastic
which induces both
theory- Endometrial tissue arises
retroperitoneal fibromatosis
directly from coelomic epithelium; 3)
and SAIDS- histologically
Vascular or lymphatic dissemination
there are proliferating
theory- explains presence of lesions
fibroblasts arranged in ill
in the lungs and lymph nodes
defined bundles with
occasionally interweaving
patterns within a disorganized
matrix of collagen and
reticulum fibers.
 Secondary:
strictures causing
Most commonly in the pelvic
weight loss, Microscopic lesions- variably sized
cavity, grossly lesions are
resulting from Endometriosis- normal foci of normal uterine glands
soft, red to brown or white
chronic endometrial glands and stroma surrounded by typical endometrial
tissue adherent to the serosa
hemorrhage and occur in abnormal locations stroma, scattered bands of fibrous
of the pelvic organs.
menstruation of outside the uterine cavity. tissue. Require 2 of 3 to be present:
Common sites include
the ectopic (choristoma) 1) endometrial glands, 2) endometrial
ovaries, uterine tubes, urinary
endometrium, with stroma, 3) hemosiderin pigment
bladder, the bowels.
abdominal
adhesions.
Dermis- 0.5 to 1 mm diameter
protozoal cysts within greatly
distended and flattened
fibroblasts (Vim +, SMA -),
cysts have 25um thick hyaline
internal capsule and are
engorged by hundreds of
Haired skin: Dermatitis, chronic Moderate perivascular interstitial
fusiform bradyzoites, 8-9 um
Besnoitia sp active and eosinophilic with lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma
62 Donkey long and 1-2 um wide. There
(besnoitia benneti) moderate intradermal protozoal cells and eosinophils.- Speculated
are variable numbers of
cysts transmitted by biting insects
macrophages around the
intact cysts and larger
numbers of macrophages
mixed with lymphocytes and
lesser numbers of plasma
cells surrounded by ruptures
cysts
Sarcocystidae- Toxoplasma,
Sarcocystis, Neospora,
Hammondia, Cystisospora,
Frenkelia, Atoxoplasma,
Besnoitia
Pathogenesis: M cell invasion/
attachment to mucosal epithelial cells-
-> phagocytosis --> hemolysin -->
release of organism into cytoplasm --
Shigella- gram negative, non-
> migrate along actin filaments//
motile, aerobic, facultative
Shigella sp- Shiga toxin release during host cell
Colon: colitis, necrotizing, anaerobic bacilli in
African Green flexneri, lysis--> stops host cell protein
63 subacute with fibrinohemorrhagic Enterobacteriaciae. Non-
Monkey dysenteriae, synthesis (inactivate the 60S
pseudomembrane enteric Shigella infections-
boydii, sonnei ribosomal subunit- similar to Ricin
gingivitis, air sacculitis, and
toxin). Toxins can also induce
abortion
apoptosis, LPS mediated release of
IL-1, TNF a, leading to vascular
damage leasing to renal failure
(Hemolytic uremic syndrome)
 Ochroconis Kidney and liver: Fubgal hyphae are 2-4 um,
gallopava- Pyogranulomatous nephritis and septate, non-parallel, acute
64 Dog
phaeohyphomyco hepatitis with necrosis, and and dichotomous branching,
sis vasculitis and dematiaceous fungi and yeastlike swellings

Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranous, global with
65 Ehrlichia canis
multifcoal plasmacytic interstitial
nephritis
Rhipicephalus sanguineous-->
E canis --> monocytes,
lymphocytes, and neutrophils--
> endothelial invasion -->
vasculitis--> chronic infection --
> pancytopenia, plasma cells German Shepherd--> severe
within bone marrow/ Other hemorrhagic disorder
conditions: Perivascular
plasma cells, non-suppurative
meningoencephalitis,
interstitial pneumonia,
glomerulonephritis

Pericardial effusion with

widespread petechia and
Elephant Liver: Hepatocellular ecchymoses,
Endotheliotropic degeneratrion and necrosis, lymphohistiocytic infiltrates ddx: Encephaloomyocarditis virus,
17 66 Elephant herpesvirus centrilobular, diffuse, with throughout the heart and orbivirus, salmonellosis, vitamin E
(Elephant endothelial cell eosinophilic tongue. Amphophilic to deficiency, other bacterial septicemia
Herpesvirus- 1,3) intrnuclear inclusion bodies basophilic intranuclear
inclusions in endothelial
capillaries
Endotheliotropic viruses--> Equine Viral Ateritis Virus, Equine
Hendra Virus, Equine Orbivirus (AHS), Cervid orbivirus (EHD),
Ovine Orbivirus (Bluetongue), Hamster parvovirus, Rat parvovirus
(Kilham rat virus), Canine adenovirus type 1 (infectious canine
hepatitis), Porcine adenovirus, bovine adenovirus, and
adenovirus of deer
Sarcoma Skeletal muscle, heart, kidney: Vimentin, Desmin, Actin,
67 Bison (Rhabdomyosarco Sarcoma (rhabdomyosarcoma) in Myoglobin, PTAH, = Striated
ma) a bison muscle
Eggs ingested --> L2 intestine-
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
-> hepatic portal system -->
neutrophilic and eosinophilic with
L3 molt --> Lung and molt to
vasculitis, fibrinous peritonitis, Coelomyarian, uninucleate intestinal
L4 --> swallowed and develop
68 Pig Ascaris suum necrotizing steatitis, focal mural epithelium, thick shelled eggs in
into adults. Milk spots from
duodenitis, pancreativ duct coelom
migration of L3 through liver.
ectasia. Ulceration, intrluminal
Stongylus equinus (horse) -->
adult ascarid.
diabetes
Group Body cavity GI tract Striated muscle Special features
Calcareous corpuscles, scolex,
Cestode -- -- --
tegument
Suckers, tegument, blind ceca, yolk
Trematode -- + --
gland, hermaphroditic
 Hypodermis, lemniscus, two muscle
Acanthocephalan + -- --
layers, proboscis
Nematode + + -- cuticle, musculature
Chitinized exoskeleton, jointed
Arthropod + + +
appendages, tracheal tubes
Chitinized exoskeleton, digestive
Pentastomes + + +
glands, sclerotized openings
Hypodermal bands (with associated nuclei), Single Genital tract; esophageal glands that form a
Nematodes Aphasmids
stichosome; No lateral chords
Holomyarian musculature,
Tichuris bipolar plugged eggs
hypodermal bacillary bands,
Eustrongyloides operculated eggs
Dioctophyma operculated eggs
Phasmids At least 2 reproductive tracts; Lateral chords
rhabditoid esophagus with Platymyarian muscles; uninucleate
Rhabditoids and Oxyurids
corpus isthmus and bulb intestinal cells
paired genital tract, uninucleate
Strongyloides eggs, most embryonated; Females
only in disease
In lung of host, Intestines have
black/yellow pigment, lateral chords
Rhabdias
are vacuolated, females contain
developing larvae in uteri
Pelodera
Halicephalobus Single reproductive tract
Thin cuticle, lateral alae in most;
Oxyuris
thick shelled oblong eggs
Strongyles cuticle, occasionally ridged, intestine composed of a few
Platymyarian, chitinized buccal
cavty, thick smooth cuticle, eggs
True Stongyles
thin shelled with orula (syngamus
have thick shells)
Platymyarian, Thin cuticle,
Trichostrongyles Longitudinal ridges in cuticle, eggs
are thin shelled and contain a morula
Coelomyarian, smooth external
cuticle, accessory hypodermal
Metastrongyles
chords, L1 in tissue of host; thick
shelled eggs
all adult females produce
Coelomyarian, Eosinophilic fluid in
thick shelled (except draschia
Spirurids pseudocoelom; cuticle with spines,
and thelazia), embyonated
plaques or ridges
eggs
 Coelomyarian; cuticular ridges,
small and produce distinctive
lateral internal ridges; lateral chords
larvae called microfilariae or
Filarids are small replaced by hypodermal
thick shelled embryonated
tissue (blocky lateral chords), very
eggs in utero
small intestine
Lateral alae, Coelomyarian,
Larval lateral chords may fill
Ascarids
the pseudocoelom, eggs with
uninucleate zygote
Thick Body wall
Muscles like doughnuts,
Acanthocephala with channel pseudocoelom, no GI tract eggas have 3 layered shells
proboscis with hooks
system

3 clinical manifestations: often a

Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing,
69 Deer Yersinia pestis suppurative with vasculitis and
large bacterial colonies
Kidney: Nephritis, necrotizing, Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,
suppurative, with vasculitis and
large bacterial colonies
Skin, footpad: Superficial
Superficial
dermatitis with basal epidermial
18 70 Dog necrolytic
hyperplasia, epidermal pallor, and
dermatitis
parakeratotic hyperkeratosis
Liver: Severe lobular collapse with
nodular regeneration, vacuolar
hepatopathy, mild portal fibrosis,
and bile duct proliferation, and
marked canalicular bile stasis
Haired skin: Hyperplasia,
Equine molluscum epidermal, focal, marked with
71 Horse contagiosum large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
(Molluscipoxvirus) inclusion bodies (molluscum
bodies)
Haired skin and subcutis:
Toxoplasma Dermatitis and vasculitis,
72 Dog
gondii necrotizing, with intra- and
extracellular tachyzoites
continuum from bubonic
vasculitis not explained
(lymphadenomegaly), pneumonic
(from inhalation), septicemic
lymphoplasmacytic with
mineralization
Superfiical necrolytic
dermatitis (hepatocutaneous Paraneoplastic syndrome, occurrring
syndrome): Skinlesions- basal with glucgon secreting tumors, or
hyperplasia, epidermal pallor, more commonly hepatopathy. Dogs
and parakeratotic are hyperglycemic and
hyperkeratosis, and severe hypoaminoacidemic
liver disease
Mulloscipoxvirus (equivalent
or related to human
Molluscum Contagiosum
virus).
Intracellular 1-2 um
Neospora reacts with T gondii
organinsms in fibroblasts,
antibodies (weakly), but they differ
follicular and epidermal
ultrastructurally. A toxoplasma like
keratinocytes, sebocytes,
organism forms schizont-like
apocrine ductular epithelium,
organisms with a residual body, and
endothelium, macrophages,
rhoptries are several and electron
adipocytes, myocytes and
dense
erector pili muscles
 Haired skin: Dermatitis,
hyperplastic, with epidermal and Inclusions found in several
follicular keratinocyte ballooning cell types, epithelial and
73 Sheep Sheep pox virus
degeneration with eosinophilic mesenchymal, and
intracytoplasmic inclusions and macrophages
sheeppox cells
Genus Virus Major hosts Geographic Distribution
Orthopoxvirus Variola virus (smallpox) Humans Eradicated globally
Numerous: Humans, cattle,
Vaccinia virus worldwide
buffalo, swine, rabbits

Numerous: Cattle, humans,

rats, cats, gerbils, large
Cowpox Europe, asia
felids, elephants,
rhinoceros, okapi
Camelpox virus Camels Asia, Africa
Ectromelia (Mousepox) Mice, voles Europe, asia
Numerous: Squirrels,
Monkeypox monkey, anteaters, great Western and central america
apes, humans
Horses- Neurotropism
Uasin Gushi Disease Virus (brainstem). Eastern Africa
Polioencephalomyelitis
Tatera poxvirus Gerbils Western Africa
Raccoon poxvirus Raccoons North America
Vole poxvirus Voles California
Seal poxvirus Grey seals North Sea
Capripoxvirus Sheeppox virus Sheep, goats Africa, Asia
Goatpox virus Goats, sheep Africa, asia
Lumpy skin disease virus Cattle, Cape Buffalo Africa
Suipoxvirus Swinepox virus Swine Worldwide
Rabbits (Orytolagus, and
Leporipoxvirus Myxoma virus Americas, Europe, Australia
Sylvilagus)
Rabbit (shope) fibroma virus Rabbits (Oryctolagus and
Americas, Europe, Australia
(Fibromatosis) Sylvilagus)
Gray Squirrels, and
Squirrel Fibroma Eastern US
woodchucks
Hare fibroma European hares Europe
Humans, horses,
Molluscipoxvirus Molluscum contagiosum virus Worldwide
Chimpanzees, kangaroos
Yatapoxvirus Yabapox virus Monkeys, humans West Africa
Tanapox virus Monkey, Humans West Africa
Avipoxvirus Fowlpoxvirus Chickens, turkerys, others Worldwide
Ovine Parapoxvirus (contagious sheep, goats, humans
Parapoxvirus worldwide
ecthyma) (ORF)
Pseudocowpox Cattle, humans worldwide
Bovine Papular stomatitis
Cattle, humans worldwide
(Bovine parapoxvirus)
Auzdyk virus Camels Africa, Asia
Seal parapoxvirus seals, humans
 Cervidpoxvirus Deerpox Ungulates NA
Lung: Pneumonia, Also, bronchitis and
bronchointerstitial, acute, peribronchitis, viral antigen is
BRSV
multifocal, moderate, necrotizing found in respiratory virus lacks neuraminidase, attach via
19 74 Calf (Paramyxoviridae,
bronchitis and bronchiolitis, with epithelium, and type 1 and 2 membrane glycoprotein G
pneumovirinae)
syncytia, and intracytoplasmic pneumocytes and sometimes
eosinophilic inclusion bodies macrophages
Heart: Myocarditis and epicarditis,
Haemophilus suppurative, perivascular and
ddx: Salmomnella, E coli,
somnus random with vasculitis, thrombi, vasculitis is a hallmark, but
75 Ox Erysipelothrix, Clostridium
(Histophilus myocardial degeneration and pathogenesis in poorly understood
Chauvoei
somni) necrosis, and colonies of
coccobacilli
life cycle: unsporulated
oocysts are shed in feces and
sporulate in the environment.
Ingestion of sporulated
oocysts leads to sporozoite
Colon: Colitis, lymphoplasmacytic
excystation, and invasion of
and eosinophilic, diffuse,
epithelial cells, forming
Eimeria zuernii moderate with crypt loss,
76 Ox trophozoites, and undergo
and ellipsoidalis regenerative hyperplasia and
asexual multiplication
ectasia and myriad intracellular
(schizogony, merogony).
coccidia
Merozoites are released and
infect other epithelial cells
forming gamonts (micro and
macrogamonts with gametes
inside).
Animal Coccidia Organ affected
1st gen schizont- Jejunum
Cattle E. bovis 2nd Gen schizont- Cecum and
colon
E ahsata Small Intestine
Sheep E. bauensis Small Intestine
E ovinoidalis Ileum/Large intestine
E. christenseni Small Intestine
Goats E. arloingi Small Intestine
E. ninakohlyakimovae Large intestine
Equine E. leukarti Small Intestine
Swine I. suis Small Intestine
Canine I. canis ileum, colon occasionally
Feline I. felis small intestine, colon occasionally
Mice E. falciformis Colon
E. steidae Bile ducts
Rabbit E. intestinalis ileum and cecum
E. flavescens ileum and cecum
 E. acervulina Duodenum
E necatrix Mid intestine
Chickens
E maxima Mid intestine
E tenella Ceca
E adenoeides ceca
Turkey E meleagrimitis mid intestine
E gallopavonis colon,rectum
E truncata kidney
Geese & ducks
E anseris Mid-intestine
gram Pos rod intracellular 3 distinct syndromes: Systemic
Listeria Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute,
77 Calf bacterium. This calf also had (septicemic), Encephalitis, and
monocytogenes random, severe with myriad bacilli
BVDV infection. abortion
Neither folial dysplasia nor
Brain, cerebellum: Purkinje and
neuronal heterotopia occurs in
granular cell degeneration and dogs, cattle, sheep, Yorskshire pigs,
cerebellar cortical
loss (cerebellar cortical Arabian horses, Gotland ponies.
Cerebellar cortical abiotrophies. Purkinje cells
20 78 Horse abiotrophy), with wallerian Kerry blue terriers are unique in that
abiotrophy are affected first, followed by
degeneration in the folia of the the caudate nucleus and substantia
redeuction in granular cell
white matter and mild gliosis of nigra are also affected.
layer. Proliferation of astroglia
cerebellar nuclei
with gliosis of molecular layer
1. leptomeninges, spinal:
Leptomeningeal
fibroplasia with vascular
79 Dog proliferation, dural
hyalinization, and multifocal
ossification
arachnoid cell proliferation
2. Dura, spinal: Osseous synonym: ossifying
metaplasia, focal pachymeningitis
3. Spinal cord, ventral funiculi:
Axonal degeneration and loss,
mild, with dilated myelin sheaths,
axonophagia, and rare spheroids
Not only degeneration but
copper deficiency: Congenital
ectopia with moderate
(swayback) Gross- small liquefactive
numbers of Purkinje cells in
Cerebellar cortical Brain, cerebellum: Purkinje and necrosis or gelatinous areas.
the molecular layer. This
abiotrophy granule cell degeneration and Microscopically- white matter
80 Goat indicates this disease began
(Copper loss, with Purkinje cell ectopia and destruction and central chromatolysis
in-utero when the Purkinje
deficiency) molecular gliosis in the red and vestibular nuclei.
cells were still migrating from
Demyelination of the motor tracts of
the germial layer adjacent to
the spinal cord.
the 4th ventricle
Acquired (enzootic ataxia): lesions
limited to large neurons of the brain
Brainstem, medulla, spinal cord, Secondary copper deficiency- and spinal cord, but may have well
and ventral column: Neuronal Molybdenum, sulfur, and iron defined lesions in the cerebellum,
degeneration (central can interfere with copper including patchy cerebellar
chromatolysis) with gliosis utilization hypoplasia, necrosis and Purkinje cell
loss and depletion of the granular cell
layer.

Spinal cord: Myelodysplasia with
duplication of spinal roots, chronic
81 Calf Spina bifida suppurative meningitis,
granulation tissue, and numerous
bacteria
Eye: endophthalmitis,
pyogranulomatous, with retinal
21 82 Dog Candida albicans detachment, lens rupture,
intracorneal abscess, numerous
yeast and pseudohyphae
KidneyL Dysplasia with severe
interstitial fibrosis, persistent
netanephric ducts and primitive
mesenchyme, fetal glomeruli,
83 Dog Renal dysplasia
cystic glomerular spaces, tubular
ectasia, degeneration and loss,
and chronic lymphoplasmacytic
pyelonephritis
Kidney: Tubular necrosis with
intraluminal crystals
Myeloschisis, spina bifida
occulta, spina bifida cystica
with meningocele, and spina
bifida with
myelomeningocoele apply to
the vertebral defect. Amyelia,
diatematomyelia,
hydromeyelia, and
dysraphism apply to the spinal
cord defect.
candidiasis is mainly a
disease of keratinized
epithelium in young animals..
Cortex is irregularly contoured
with zones of dilated tubules.
Histologic features- fibrosis,
immature glomeruli, large
columnar-lined (mesonephric
ducts), immature ducts lined
by flattened hyperchromatic
cells, and poorly differentiated
(immature) mesenchyme. May
have renal secondary
hyperparathyroidism.
Spina bifida is a form of
rachischisis/cleft vertebral canal.
Dysraphism is a failure of a fusion of
a raphe- general a neural tube fusion
disorder (spinal cord). Most cases of
spina bifida have a closed neural
tube. Neural tube closure occurs as a
bidirectional process occurring
multifocally in both the spinal cord
and brain. The caudal spinal cord
develops by secondary neurulation
via a growth of neural cells caudally,
not from a tube. The lumbosacral
spinal bifida occulta in this case is
probably the result of a defect in this
secondary neurulation process. the
pathogenesis is though to involve 1)
abnormal proliferation of neural tissue
2) focal ischemic injury, 3) idiopathic
maldevelopment of the tail bud.
Candida- Yeast (blastospores,
blastoconidia), pseudohyphae, and
hyphae in tissue. Branching septate
3-5 um hyphae
Increased susceptibility to
pyelonephritis- caused by canine
herpes virus, feline panleukopenia
virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus,
porcine hypovitaminosis A. Golden
retrievers, Lhasa apsos, Shih Tzus,
Boxers, Finnish harriers, dutch
kookier, and Cocker spaniels.
 Prototheca reproduce by asexual
endosporulation and have a
characteristic microscopic
appearance. Histologically there are
intra- and extracellular organisms that
Heart: Myocarditis, granulomatous Cows- Prototheca zopfii may be either small single
and necrotizing, multifocal, mastitis, Cats-Prototheca endospores with granular cytoplasm
84 Dog Prototheca moderate, with numerous wickerhamii cutaneous form, or large sporangia that are round to
extracellular and intrahistiocytic Dog- hemorrhagic oval, 8-20 um in diameter, have clear
algae enterocolitis 2-4 ym thick wall and contain multiple
(2-20) wedge shaped endospores
arranged radially. The shells
eventually rupture leaving empty
theca (mother shells) in sections.
PAS and GMA positive
Endosporulation- Chlorella,
Rhinosporidium, Coccidioides/
Prototheca are achlorophyllosu algae
and can be differentiated from
chlorella ultrastructurally.
Carcinoids are
neuroendocrine tumors
arising from dispersed
neuroendocrine cells in the GI
tract, liver, pancreas Gastroenteropancreatic-
urogenital and neuroendocrine tumor -->
tracheobronhcial systems. Neuroendocrine tumor/carcinoma,
85 Dog Carcinoid Gall bladder: Carcinoid
May synthesize and secrete gastrointestinal carcinoids (carcinoid),
polypeptides and biologically and pancreatic neuroendocrine
active amines including tumors
Serotonin (5-HT) (flushing,
hypotension, diarrhea,
wheezing), somatostatin,
gastrin, histamine
Diagnosis: argyrophilic, NSE
+, Chromogranin A +,
Synaptophysin +, (hepatic and
biliary carcinoids Cytokeratin --
), EM intracytoplasmic
secretory granules which are
round, composed of an
electron dense core, and
surrounded by an electron
dense membrane
Campylobacter fetus fetus is
Placentitis, necrotizing,
most common. DDX:
Campylobacter suppurative with multifocal Flexnira rappini causes similar lesions
22 86 Sheep Toxoplasma (Cotyledons
jejuni vasculitis, thrombi, and but is sporadic
only), Chlamydophila, Brucella
mineralization
ovis,
 Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
target lesions
neutrophilic, random
Placental lesions
Organism Fetal lesions
Gross Histo
Often vasculitis, severe
Campylobacter C= friable, yellow IC= edema,
inflammation, Gram Liver: Target lesions
jejuni exudate
Negative bacteria
Chorionic epithelial
Toxoplasma C= pinpoint white foci of hypertrophy and Focal necrotic lesions in brain,
gondii necrosis IC= edema hyperplasia with rare liver, kidney, lung
intracellular zoites
Neospora Zoites rarely seen within Multifocal encephalitis with gliosis
C= necrosis IC= normal
caninum trophoblasts and necrosis
Necrotizing placentitis with
Chlamydophila
C=necrosis IC= brown exudate neutrophilic vasculitis and necrotic foci in lungs, liver, muscle
abortus
organisms in trophoblasts

IC necrotizing placentitis
C= less affected IC= thick with gram negative Inconsistent; lymphocytic
Coxiella burnetti
yellow with exudate rickettsial organisms within infiltrates in lungs, kidneys, liver
chorionic epithelium
Vasculitis; gram negative
Brucella ovis C= necrosis IC=Brown exudate bacilli intra and nonspecific
extracellularly
Severe, diffuse
necrosuppurative
Listeria C= necrosuppurative IC= Hepatomegaly with numerous 1mm
placentitis with gram
monocytogenes necrosuppurative yellow necrotic foci
positive bacteria within
chorionic epithelial cells

Typically regress via IgG-

mediated immune response,
however metastasis does
IHC- Lysozyme, Vimentin, ACM1
occasionally occur;
Vulva: transmissible venereal (mononuclear phagocyte stem cells),
87 Dog TVT Karyotype= 58-59
tumor Alpha-1 antitrypsin (marker for bening
chromosomes with 13-17
and malignant histiocytes)
metacentric (compared to
normal canine 78 with 2
metacentric)
previous synonyms-
myoblastoma/ PAS positive
Dogs- Granular cell tumors in tongue/
Granular cell Seminal vesicle: Granular cell granules/ IHC + vimentin, S-
88 Mouse Horse= lungs/ Mice and rats= repro
tumor tumor 100, NSE/ EM = packed
tract, brain, meninges
lysosomes, and phagosomes
(myelin bodies)
 Staging of seminiferous Rat Stage 1-VII characterized by a
tubules: Spermatogonia single layer of pachytene
Testis, seminiferous epithelium: (proliferating diploid germ spermatocytes and 2 populations of
Ethylene glycol
Degeneration, necrosis, and loss, cells), Spermatocytes (meiotic spermatids (both round and
89 Rat monomethyl ether
segmental with multinucleated -tetraploid- germ cells), and elongate). At stage VIII, step 19
toxicosis
germ cells round to elongate spermatids spermatids are released into the
(differentiating haploid germ lumen and the round (step 8)
cells) spermatids begin to elongate
At stage IX through XIII
tubules have two layers of
Stage XIV tubules have luminal
spermatocytes (the luminal
spermatocytes undergoing meiotic
layer being large pachytene
division to secondary (diploid)
spermatocytes, and the
spermatocytes, and then (haploid)
basilar layer smaller
round spermatids, and basilar
preleptotene, leptotene, and
spermatocytes progressing to the
zygotene spermatocytes), and
pachytene stage.
a single layer of elongating
spermatids

Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, Histo: Lymphocytic interstitial

lymphohistiocytic, chronic, diffuse, pneumonia, with perivascular
Ovine progressive
severe with perivascular and and peribronchial cuffs often Other lentiviruses, SIV, FIV, BIV and
23 90 Sheep pneumonia
peribronchiolar lymphoid with germinal centers, smooth Equine Infectious Anemia
(Lentivirus)
hyperplasia and smooth muscle muscle hyperplasia, interstitial
hyperplasia fibrosis, and microatelectasis,

central area of necrosis with

Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
many small aggregates of Retroviridae, lentivirus- OPP is
suppurative, multifocal, moderate,
gram-positive cocci around related to Maedi-visna, and CAE
with focally extensive abscess
the periphery
CAE- leukoencephalomyelitis (young
OPP other lesions- goats), Chronic proliferative arthritis
lymphofollicular mastitis, and synovitis (Adults), less commonly
Type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia is chronic proliferative arthritis, mastitis and interstitial pneumonia
not a feature non-suppurative (adults). CAE has alveolar
meningoencephalitis, and acidophilic, proteinaceous, to
vasculitis lipoproteinaceous material and type II
pneumocyte hyperplasia
Neurotoxic and hepatotoxic. Brain
Moldy corn poisoning, lesions in the frontal and pariteal
Leukoencephalom Brain, cerebrum: Necrosis, white
91 Horse Fumonisin B1 (fusarium lobes, Blood vessels may be
alacia matter (leukoencephalomalacia)
monoliforme) degenerate, necrotic with thrombi.
Liver may have centrilobular necrosis

Spleen: Splenitis, necrotizing with
marked lymphoid depletion and
Cytomegalovirus
92 Macaque myriad cytomegalic cells and
(betaherpesvirus)
eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusions
Kidney: Nephritis, necrotizing,
Leptospira
interstitial , lymphocytic,
93 Goeldi's Marmoset interrogans
multifocal, moderate with
serotype Ballum
neutrophilic tubulitis
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial,
granulomatous, heterophilic,
Ophidian
24 94 Rattlesnake diffuse, severe, with multifocal
Paramyxovirus
necrosis, epithelial hyperplasia
and rare eosinophilic
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,
lymphocytic, histiocytic with
tubular degeneration and necrosis
Esophagus: Epithelial necrosis
with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
inclusions
Staphylococcus Heart: Myocarditis,
95 Porpoise aureus pyogranulomatous with fibrosis,
(Botryomycosis) and Splendore-Hoeppli material
Heart, epicarditis:
lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic
Pathogenesis- vascular
damage- Fumonisin inhibits
ceramide synthase-->
decreased sphingolipid
accumulation, disruption of
cellular membranes, lipid
peroxidation, inhibits
macromolecule synthesis and
DNA syntheis
common after SIV infections
(Type D retrovirus),
immunocompromise
lots of lymphocytes with few
plasma cells and
macrophages
Respiratory system- similar to mammals- Left lung is vestigial except
in Boas- The right lung has a posterior avascular portion known as
the air sac which regulates pressure inside the body cavity. The
anterior portion of the lung contains faveoli separated by thin septa
lined by type I and II pneumocytes
Microscopic findings- cellular debris
Gross lesions: lung
and exudate in airways, type II
hemorrhage, necrotic debris,
pneumocyte hyperplasia, thickening
pancreatic hyperplasia,
of faveolar septa, epithelial cells with
hepatic granulomas,
intracytoplasmic inclusions
ddx: mycosis, Actinomyces
and Nocardia (gram pos
filamentous. Acid fast
nocardia)

Features: Triphasic:
Myxomatous mesenchyme;
interspersed primitive tubules. rarely contain non-epithelial tissue-
96 Betta fish Nephroblastoma Kidney: Nephroblastoma
Or glomerular-like buds; nests muscle, cartilage, bone and fat
of cells resembling
metanephric blastema
ddx: adenocarcinoma of the swin Swim bladder of siamese fish
bladder is ventral to kidney
 Spirurids: small thick shelled
embryonated egg, cuticular
Oral mucosa: Intraepithelial adult ornamentations around the
97 Goeldi's Monkey Gongylonema sp spirurids with minimal lymphocytic buccal cavity, coelomyarian
inflammation musculature, uninucleate
intestine cells, lateral chords
may be quite large
other intraepithelial parasites:
Pterygodermatites Intraluminal and submucosal characteristic lateral alae
Capillaria sp, Anatrichosoma sp,
sp nematodes anteriroly
Trichosomoides sp
ddx: exertional
rhabdomyolysis, EPSSM,
nutritional myopathy, ischemic
Equine recurrent myopathy, Cassia occidentalis PSSM ruled out by negative Pas
Skeletal muscle: Degeneration
25 98 Horse exertional (coffe weed), ionophore stain; ERER dx by increased CK, AST
and necrosis
rhabdomyolysis (monensin, lasalocid), and in severe cases myoglobinuria
clostridial myositis (malignant
edema), protozoal myopathy,
Strep associated myopathy
Cecum: Typhlitis, nodular and Prominent spindle cell
granulomatous, multifocal, nodules- eithe granulomas or Carriers of histomonas meleagridis-
99 Pheasant Heterakis spp moderate with marked fibrous hyperplasia- not necrotic foci in cecum and liver; 15-20
mesenchymal infiltration and adult producing collagen, not um oval bodies
and larval nematodes smooth muscle- histiocytic?
Dilation of all renal tubules,
Polycystic kidney Kidneys, glomeruli, and tubules: obscuring of cortico-medullary
100 Deer liver has marked biliary hyperplasia
disease cystic change, diffuse junction. Reduced numbers
of glomeruli,

EM: Ciliated epithelial cells;

ICIB= amorphous aggregates
of moderately electron dense
other findings- vacuolar
granular material, and less
Ciliated respiratory epithelium: degeneration= mild dilatation o fSER
frequently by amorphous
Canine Distemper Degeneration and necrosis with and perinucelar cisterna, los of apical
101 Skunk aggregates of tubular-like
virus (Morbillivirus) intracytoplasmic and intranuclear microvilli, low numbers of secondary
structures. Nuclei- dispersal
viral inclusions lysosomes and cellular debris in the
of chromatin, One cell had
luminal surface
INIB= parallel, stacked arrays
of electron dense, tubular to
filamentous material

1. Brief decription Number and arrangement, plasma

of the normal membrane, surface decorations,
102 EM description features which cellular junctions, cytosol,
allow one to endoplasmic reticulum,
identify the cells lysosomes, mitochondria, nuclei
2. Describe
degeneration, necrosis
cellular alterations
 3. Describe
Inclusions, dense deposits,
anything removed
bacteria, viruses, other organisms
or added
Organelle Normal Features

cytoplasmic blebs, types

Plasma Cilia, villi, loss of surface
and locations of
membrane specialization,
intercellular junctions

presence of myelin figures;

Cytosol Rarefaction (swelling):
inclusions

Relative amounts of SER to

SER/RER RER; increased amounts of
SER
Relative number and
Mitochondria location;calcification;
vacuolation; rupture
Lysosome Relative number;
Clumped, dispersed, or
Nucleus marginalized chromatin;
heterochromatin, euchromatin,
Intranuclear or intracytoplasmic
Other
inclusions
Swelling, dilatation;
detachment of ribosomes,
Low amplitude swelling/
high amplitude swelling;
matrix flocculent densities;
swelling; rupture
pyknosis, karyorrhexis,
karyolysis, viral inclusions
bacteria, parasites, fungi,
algae

Organelle Reversible changes Irreversible changes

Blebbing, blunting, distortion;
Plasma Disruption of cellular
loosening of intercellular
membrane membranes
attachments
Swelling, rarefaction, small Marked dilation; large
Mitochondria
amorphous densities amorphous densities
Dilation, detachment of
ER
ribosomes
Pyknosis, karyorrhexis,
Nucleus Chromosome clumping
karyolysis
Cell swelling, lysosomal
Cell swelling, creation of myelin swelling, disruption of
Other
figures lysosomes, increased
myelin figures
 AFIP
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx Gross Histo
2003-2004
1 1 Dog Heritable amelanotic globe
spindle cell iridal tumor of blue
vimentin +, GFAP +, S-100 -
eyed dogs
Glaucoma, secondary
Cobblestone mucos in bladder,
Bladder: Cystitis, necrotizing,
distended ureters, oeriurethral tissue D Renale: Terminal anus and mouth surrounded
fibrinosuppurative, with
2 Harbor seal Dioctophyma renale had abscesses and granulomas; by 2 circles of 6 papilla; eggs have thick
fibrinoid necrosis and mixed
Large nematode found in mamillated shell
bacteria
retroperitoneal space
Fibromuscular tissue:
Cellulitis, pyogranulomatous
with mamillated nematode
eggs
pseudoreosettes, fine fibrous trabeculae; IHC-
insulin+; Ischemic nerve cells; elongated
Pancreatic islet cell
3 Dog Neoplastic, metabolic granular mass in left lobe of pancreas microglial cells (rod cells) ; necrosis confined to
carcinoma, neuronal necrosis
superficial laminae; death by release of
excitotoxins (aspartate) not glutamate
Arthropod-percutaneous innoculation, mucous
ddx- clostridium piliforme, Salmonella,
membrane penetration, ingestion, or inhalation;
4 Varying hare Francisella tularensis liver necrosis Yersinia, Toxoplasma, Listeria,
Macrophages disseminate the organism; can
Tularemia
cause vasculitis
Liver: centrilobular necrotizing this presentation is uncommon; adult rabbits are
hepatitis with regeneration; Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, 100% fatally infected; submassive necrosis of
ZIKA-hybrid and Bridging portal fibrosis disease caused by cytokines (IL-1, the liver leading to loss of coagulation factors;
2 5 RHDV
Rabbit with lymphoplasmacytic and TNF) from macrophages cause DIC, virus replicates in hepatocytes; fatty
histiocytic cholangiohepatitis (calicivirus) degeneration is from severe hypoxia coinciding
and biliary hyperplasia (TNF) with DIC
eosinophilic intranuclear and
Ulcerative esophagitis,
intracytoplasmic inclusions (these are
6 Wood duck DHV (AHV-1) lymphoid necrosis, epithelial
found only in AHV-1, Mareks (GHV-2),
hyperplasia
and cytomegalovirus
causes hypercalcemia by
Pyogranulomatous dermatitis macrophagic production of PTHrp,
broad irregular branching sparsley septate
7 dog Oomycosis (lagenidiosis) with ulceration and fungal also macrophages can convert 25 D3
hyphae; Similar to Zygomycetes
hyphae to 1,25 D3 (via alpha-1-hydroxylases)
ddx- Pythium insidiosum
Systemic histiocytosis- non-neoplastic
perivascular cuffs; cutaneous histiocytosis and
disseminated histiocytic sarcoma, cutaneous histiocytoma are reactive proliferative
Malignant histiocytosis, with
8 dog Neoplastic lysozyme positive, MH is inherited in diseases; Malignant fibrous histiocytoma has
hematophagia
Bernese Mtn dogs, features of fibroblasts and histiocytes; localized
histiocytic sarcoma is the local dermal form of
MH/DHS
 Cholangiohepatitis with
intraluminal crystals,
3 9 sheep Metabolic periportal fibrosis; necrotizing
hepatitis, multifocal random,
neutrophilic
Type 1- Ingestion of plants
with photodynamic
substances (St Johns Wort-
hypericum), Buckwheat
(fagopyrum), and Bishops
weed (Ammi majus)
Brain- meningoencephalitis,
pyogranulomatous with haemophilus somnus, pasteurella
10 bovine Mycoplasma bovis
hemorrhage and whote matter
necrosis actinomyces, railletia auris (ear mite)
Lymphoid atrophy,
reticuloendothelial
11 dog Canine distemper virus
intranuclear inclusions
(eosinophilic)
mucosal colitis, neutrophilic,
12 calf BVD with crypt abscesses, and with
crypt necrosis
eosinophilic dermatitis with
4 13 pig Sarcoptes scabei epidermal hyperplasia and
hyperkeratosis
CAV-1 (infectious canine Hepatic necrosis with
14 dog
hepatitis) intranuclear inclusions
Photosensitization secondary to liver Kleingrass (Panicum), Agave, Tribulus,
injury, or mycotoxin induced liver Narthecium, Nolena, Brachiara, Avena sativa,
injury Drechslera companulate
Type 2- Defect in Porphyrin
metabolism- congenital porphyria =
uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase
Type 3- Hepatic injury that interferes with the
deficiency discolored teeth and
excretion of bile, and increased phylloerythrin
bones, aneima--; congenital
(chlorophyll breakdown)--> solar dermatitis
protoporphyria = ferrochelatase
deficiency (limousin cattle
photodermatitis)
ddx-otitis media in calves=
multocida, streptococcus,
spleen looks enlarged with
mesenchymal cell proliferation and secondary infections: Isospora, toxoplasmosis,
multifocal lymphoid necrosis with bordatellosis, canine adenovirus 2
nuclear inclusions
in utero infection 1-4 mo with NCP
BVDV = PI or abortion, postnatal
No vasculitis in this case DDX- coronavirus
infection with NCP BVDV = transient 2-
3 week infection.
ddx- juvenile pustular psoriasiform
dermatitis (perivascular eos and
neuts, pustules, parakeratosis),
exudative epidermitis (bacteria,
corneal pustules, para and
orthokeratotic), and zinc responsive
dermatitis (severe parakeratotic
hyperkeratosis)
other adenoviruses- CAV-2
(necrotizing bronchiolitis secondary to
immunosuppression), EAV-1(arabian
foals with SCID- necrotizing
vaccination with CAV-2 vax protects against
bronchiolitis), Avian AV-1 (inclusion
both CAV-1 and 2, but dogs may still get mild
body hepatitis in birds,
tracheobronchitis from CAV-2 infection
hydropericardium syndrome,
hepatocellular necrosis), and 2
(Marble spleen disease in pheasants
and hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys)
 medulloblastomas are primitive
expansile, unencapsulated, neuroectodermal tumor of cerebellar origin-
sheets of monomorphic without cerebellum ddx is Prim
ddx- PEM, trauma, Haemophilus
15 bovine Medullablastoma densely packed round to NeuroEctodermal Tumor- ; pseudoreosettes
somni, rabies, Listeria, lead poisoning
polygonal cells, form around BV, Homerwright rosettes, Flexner-
pseudorosettes around BV Wintersteiner rosettes; S-100 positive, NSE
neg, GFAP neg
bronchointerstitial pneumonia,
Influenza A- equine -1 (H7N7) or
16 foal Equine Influenza A2 necerotizing, with hyaline
Influenza A/ equine 2 (H3N8)
membranes
disorganized fibroblastic proliferation
infiltrating the fat and superficial TM-
Atypical mesenchymal proliferative and sclerotic forms-
Cynomolgus Late stage animals often develop SAIDs, and
5 17 SRV-2 type D proliferation (retroperitoneal edematous and myxomatous areas
monkey presence of herpesvirus (gammaherpes RFHV)
fibromatosis) are seen as well- perivascular
lymphocytes, plasma cells and
histiocytes
C57bl/6B2m -
/-
Polyoma virus Malignant spindle cell
18 microglobulin dont occur except in nude mice
(Papovavirus) neoplasm, mixed carcinoma
knockout
mouse
virus found in macrohages,
Rhesus Meningoencephalitis,
19 SIV endothelium, white matter and
monkey granulomatous
cerebellum
WAS -/- Proliferative colitis and
20 Helicobacter hepaticus also cause hepatitis
mouse proctitis
Proximal renal tubular
6 21 wild pigeon Lead toxicosis epithelium, acid fast crop dilation of unknown pathogenesis
intranuclear inclusion bodies
hepatic necrosis, periacinar to cyanobacteria (cyclic peptides) -target
toxin inactivates enzymes that regulate
22 bovine Microcystin toxicosis massive with vacuolar liver; Alkaloids target nervous system
cytoskeletal elements
degeneration and lipopolysaccharides
Renal tubule epithelial
Sprague-
23 cisplatin toxicity necrosis and cast formation
Dawley rats
with tubular ectasia
toxic effects are result of metabolite
C57BL6 Centrilobular hepatocellular NAPQI (from Cyt P450), depleted cats are particular sensitive due to lack of
24 Acetominophen toxicity
mouse necrosis glutathione reserves leading to glucuronyl transferase, they cant conjugate it
oxidative damage
kidney- acute tubular
7 25 dog grape or raisin toxicty nephrosis with regeneration;
mineralization of st
functional pheochromocytomas are
pheochromocytoma, left cuboidal to polyhedral cells with fine connective
rare, leading to norepinephrine
26 dog neoplastic, endocrine adrenal gland, hemorrhagic tissue septae, IHC chromogranin and
release --> CHF, pulmonary edema,
colitis synaptophysin +
ventricular fibrillation, hypertension
 pyogranulomatous and
necrotizing myositis with
metrocytes within immature
tissue cysts in dogs are unusual as
27 dog Sarcocystis/ neosporosis cysts and internal septae
they are the definitive hosts
separating mature organisms
into compartments within
cysts
hepatic necrosis periportal
28 dog carprofen toxicity and centrilobular with lympho- labradors are more sensitive;
histiocytic periportal hepatitis
Polyserositis- meningitis,
affects pisg 4-8 weeks old. Gram coinfection with PCV-2 and Pasteurella
fibrinoipurulent with
8 29 Pig Haemophilus parasuis negative rod, microaeophilic, requires mucltocida; DDX- Mycoplasma hyorhinus, Strep
encephalitis, perivascular
heme and NAD suis II, Salmonellosis,
lymphoplasmacytic
Liver- granulomatous
Gram positive and acid fast. Require Actinomycetales- Actinomyces, Nocardia,
CB-17-SCID- hepatitis, with intrahistiocytic
30 mycobacterium sp. activation of macrphages by IFN-y by Rhodococcus, Corynebacterium,
Beige mouse bacilli, and nodular
CD4 T cells Dermatophilus, Streptomyces
hyperplasia
CB-17-SCID-
31 mycobacterium sp.
Beige mouse
Lung: necrotizing Orthopoxvirus genus, causes
bronchointerstitial pneumonia fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia
32 Prairie dog Monkey pox
with syncytia, and eosinophilic with necrotizing vasculitis in
ICIB macaques
Brain: Vasculitis and
Equine arboviral encephalitis, Mosquito vector, humans and horses are dead
meningoencephalitis,
Togaviridae, ss RNA env:: Gray endo hosts, since viremia is not sufficient for
necrosuppurative, with
matter lesions, cerebral cortex, transmission to new mosquitoes:: WNV-ventral
33 Horse EEE thrombosis:: Necrotizing
thalamus and hypothalamus, and lateral horns of spinal cord; JEV-
encephalitis with gliosis,
neuronophagia, mostly neutrophilic neutrophilic encephalitis, EHV-1 causes
vasculitis, and hemorrhage,
with EEE vasculitis
and thrombosis
Metatarsus- focal retention of Trauma caused infarction which Normal- proximal metaphysis is thin where
Osteochondrosis and
9 34 Horse-foal physeal cartilage with prevented formation of primary remodeling, and chondrification of blood vessels
physitis/epiphysitis
metaphyseal infarction spongiosa is normal where they enter the physeal cartilage
born with kyphosis and roman nose DDX- locoweed (astragalus or Oxytropus),
Spinder Lamb Syndrome: vertebrae and long bones:
35 Sheep (Twin was normal)-believed to be aparbendazole, Veratrum californicum (cyclopia
Autosomal redcessive Chondrodysplasia
defect in the gene FGFR3 at 14D), wild parsnip (bent leg)
inherited autosomal recessive: DDX- lysosomal
Disproportionately short limbs, short
storage diseases, English springer sp with GM1
Dog- Chondrodysplasia of Chondrodysplasia/Chondroos trunks, disorganized endochondral
36 gangliosidosis (beta-galactosidase);
elkhound Norwegian Elkhounds seus dysplasia ossification, and zone of chondrocyte
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS1) in Plott hounds
proliferation, with inclusions
(alpha-L-iduronidase)
Femoral head: Physeal Similar lesions- slipped physis,
fracture, with fibrosis, woven Legg_Calves_Perthes, canine Feline metaphyseal osteopathy- delay in physis
37 Cat delayed closure of physis
bone formation and synoval metaphyseal osteopathy (HOD), closure in neutered male cats
hyperplasia trauma
 Kidney: Interstitial nephritis,
ddx: AHV-1, CpHV-2, bluetongur, Typical MCF lesions include
lymphocytic with vasculitis
10 38 Reindeer OvHV-2: MCF EHD in deer (orbivirus), BVD lymphoproliferation, mucosal disease, and
and perivasculitis, and tubular
(pestivirus), Rinderpest (Morbillivirus) vasculitis
mineralization
Hypertrophic Heart: Myofiber degeneration
39 Owl Monkey also had underlying hypertension
cardiomyopathy and loss, with fibrosis
Mouse- Spleen: Necrosis, multifocal,
40 Mouse Hepatitis Virus Immunosuppressed mice
C57Bl/6 with syncytial cells
Liver: Hepatocellular unencapsulated, infiltrative, lipid
41 Chimpanzee Hepatocellular carcinom
carcinoma vacuoles, negative CEA staining
Jejunum: Atrophic enteritis, < 10 days. Neonates have tall villi (7:1
11 42 Pig Coronavirus TGE
villous blunting and fusion or 9:1),
Kidney: Amyloidosis, Familial reactive amyloidosis in shar
43 Dog- shar pei Amyloidosis
interstitial and glomerular pei
Fish- 3 no intermediate host is required,
Microsporidium- Glugea Body- Xenomas Microsporidia- obligate intracellular parasites,
44 spined ruptured spores from xenomas can
anomala (xenoparasitic complex) extrusion apparatus, (encephalitozoon cuniculi)
stickleback infect new hosts
Brain: meningeal arteries
research suggests that it is the result
contain atheromatous plaques
of a chronic inflammatory process
45 Owl Monkey Atherosclerosis which are focal. The intima
initiated by endothelial injury due to
has a fibrous cap and a
hyperlipidemia, hypertension, stress
central necrotic lipid rich core
in other species causes of
proliferative gastritis = Ostertagia
Ostertagii in cattle, Ostertagia
Gastric mucosal hyperplasia circumcinta in sheep, Nochtia nochti
12 46 Corn Snake Cryptosporidium
with plasmacytic gastritis in non-human primates,
trichostrongylus axei in horses,
hyostongylus rubidus in pigs, and
Ollulanus tricuspis in cats
ddx- Polyoma virus, adenovirus,
Massive hepatic necrosis with
Amazon Pacheco's Disease, Chlamydophila, Salmonella, gross PD- hepatomegaly, splenomegaly,
47 syncytial cells, eosin INIB and
Parrot Psittacid Herpesvirus Clostridium piliforme, circovirus, necrosis, hemorrhage
hemorrhage
trematodes, aflatoxin,
GHV-1 = ILT, GHV-2 =
Adenovirus and Polyomavirus- INIB
Mareks, AnatidHV-1 = duck
basophilic
plague (DVE)
Granulomatous inflammation,
Arthritis, tenosynovitis, myositis, Gout tophi are small clumps of radiating crystals
48 Frilled Lizard Articular gout amorphous material, bone
reactive bone and tophi surrounded by macrophages
remodeling
Uric acid is the product of
Purine metabolism by
xanthine axidase
3-8 mcm with mucopolysaccharide
capsule, , narrow based budding,
Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing pseudohyphae, branched septate
49 Cloud Rat Cryptococcus neofprmans
and granulomatous hypahe- capsule inhibits plasma cells,
macrophage phagocytosis and
leukocyte migration.
 fatal in immunospuuressed animals- CMV is betaherpesvirus {Others include Porcine
Simian cytomegalovirus Colon: Multifocal proliferative
Rhesus inflammatory pseudotumors results Herpes - 2 (inclusion body rhinitis), Caviid
13 50 and Balantidium coli and suppurative colitis with
Macaque from influx of neutrophils and Herpes- 1 (guinea pig cytomegalovirus)}.
(trophozoites) INIB ICIB
proliferation of mucosa Balantidium coli also seen, Bacteria also seen.
Oil red O positive lipid droplets: ddx-
infiltrative lipomas, anaplastic
carcinomas, baloon cell melanomas,
Lingual frenulum:
51 Dog- poodle Liposarcoma Cytokeratin Negative, PAS negative-
Pleomorphic liposarcoma
Resemble Malignant fibrous
histiocytoma except with little
collagenous stroma
Lung: Fibrinopurulent
bronchopneumonia/ Necrosis of epithelium/syncytia/INIB,
BRSV is Paramyxovirus- ICIB and Syncytia-//
52 Bull calf BRSV bronchinterstitial pneumonia neutrophils and fibrin
INIB also found in this case (Adenovirus)
with bronchiolitis syncytial (Paramyxovirus?)
cells, ICIB
Spleen: Lymphocytolysis and Macrophage phagocytosis of spores--
Cynomolgus vasulitis and Brain: Meningitis > LN-> germination->bacilli toxins->
53 Bacillus Antracis
monkey with myriad gram positive Lethal Toxin (LT-Inhibits MAPK) and
bacilli Edema Toxin (ET)
Lung: Interstitial pneumonia,
Thrombosis in arteries with adult
necro-suppurative with
parasites- PDGF--> endothelium id
14 56 Dog Dirofilaria immitis thrombosis and microfilaria
damaged PDGF released causing
and intravascular adult
proliferation of smooth muscle
Dirofilaria immitis
Nutritional myopathy, white Heart: Myocardial necrosis,
57 Bull calf muscle disease, vit E and with fibrinoid vasculitis, and
Se deficiency edema
Necrotizing and ulcerative
enteritis/typhlitis,
pyogranulomatous, fibrinoid uncommon syndrome of localized
58 Kitten FIP
vascular necrosis; transmural enterocolitis
lymphadenitis and serositis,
pyogranulomatous
ddx: extrinsic allergic alveolitis --> dust from
moldy hay with micropolyspora and
thermoactinomyces; Fog fever--> Tryptophan
Lung: Interstitial pneumonia, ipomeanol toxin (edema factor),
converted to 3-methylindole in rumen--> lung -->
with edema and emphysema, generation of free radicals within Type
Moldy sweet potato toxicity- clara cells convert to 3-methyleneindolenine via
mononuclear, with 1 pneumocytes and bronchiolar
59 Bovine Fusarium solani and P450--> damages cell membranes of
hypertrophy and hyperplasia epithelia, and causes edema by
oxysporum bronchiolar cells and type 1 pneumocytes and
of respiratory epithelium and toxicity to endothelium and formation
increased alveolar permeability; reinfection
occasional syncytia of hyaline membranes
syndrome-hypersensitivity to lungworm; Perilla
mint toxicity, stinkwood, rape, kale, turnip tops;
nitrogen dioxide from silage etc
 Spread by sandflies (phlebotimus and
lutzomyia), Stomoxys and
Rhipicephalus may be vectors- clinical signs include lymphadenitis, fever,
Leishmania is phagocytosed by cutaneous ulcers- secondary demidicosis, and
Spleen: Splenitis, histiocytic
Dog- macrophages and transforms into an may develop concurrent cutaneous and visceral
15 60 Leishmania donovani and lymphoplasmacytic with
Foxhound amastigote in the phagolysosome, syndromes. Later immune mediated
intrahistiocytic protozoa
pumps protons out and evades glomerulonephritis causes renal failure. Ddx =
compliment by binding c3b and Trypanosoma cruzi, Histoplasma, Toxoplasma
resisting c5-c9, and scavenge free
radicals
Necrotizing laryngotracheitis,
Gallid Herpesvirus-1
proliferative, histiocytic, Two forms of Pox- dry (nodular Bollinger bodies- eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
(Infectious
61 chickens lymphocytic with cutaneous lesions) and diphtheritic inclusions; ddx- wet pox= Trichomonas,
Laryngotracheitis) / Avian
intracytoplasmic and (fibrinonecrotic mucocutaneous) candidiasis, Vit A Deficiency
Pox
intranuclear inclusions

Malignant melanoma can
have desmoplastic,
Malignant melanoma with
62 Dog-Spaniel neurotropic, or
chondroid metaplasia
osteochondrogenic
differentiation
Bottlenose Skeletal muscle: Myositis,
Dolphin Streptococcus agalactiae - necrotizing,
63
(Tursiops Necrotizing fasciitis fibrinosuppurative,
truncatus) hemorrhagic with myriad cocci
Renal Dysplasia with severe
Congenital renal dysplasia fibrosis, fetal glomeruli, and
Dog - Brie
16 64 and Fibrous tubular adenomatous
sheepdog
Osteodystrophy hyperplasia; Mandible:
Fibrous osteodystrophy
Mandible, tongue, skeletal
muscle, tooth: Osteomyelitis,
Staphylococcus spp- glossitis, myositis,
B6 129 S6-
65 coagulase positive periodontitis,
Cybb mouse
(Botryomycosis) pyogranulomatous, with
splendore hoeppli material
and bacterial colonies
Lung: Pneumonia,
pyogranulomatous and
eosinophilic with adult
Fennec nematodes and numerous
66 (Vulpes Capillaria aerophila bipolar plugged embryonated
zerda) eggs; Bronchitis and
bronchiolitis, catarrhal,
lymphoplasmacytic and
histiocytic with fibrosis
This had areas that looked like epulis,
and was Melan A negative; Junctional
gray horses, sinclair mini pigs (cutaneous),
activity, melanin and positive melan A
duroc, and spontaneously regress in pigs
stain differentiate from osteosarcoma
and chondrosarcoma
Lancefield groups A and G are mostly
responsible for necrotizing fasciitis in humans.;
Alpha hemolyitc and non-hemolyitic are less
Beta-hemolytic strains are most
virulent. Alpha-hemolysis = partial lysis and
pathologic- S. agalactiae is alpha
reduction of hemoglobin giving it a greenish
hemolytic (Lancefield group B)
tinge around the edges. Beta-hemolysis is
complete lysis and a halo of clearing extending
beyond the colony
Renal failure --> decreased excretion of
14 weeks old, presented for PU/PD
phosphate --> hyperphosphatemia -->
vomiting and siezures
Hypocalcemia --> hyperparathyroidism
Most commonly Staph aureus- lesions follow
Mouse with disrupted oxidase
skin trauma, begin as microabscesses,
cytochrome b gene--> cant generate
progresses to pyogranulomas with splendore
superoxide
hoeppli material
Capillaria- live in bronchi and trachea,
other resp tract parasites: Crenosoma vulpis,
hypodermal lateral chords (bacillary
globei (racoons), mephiditis (Skunks), striatum
bands), and a row of esophageal
(hedgehogs), filaroides osleri, Aleurostrongylus
glands called stichocytes forming a
abstrusus
stichosome
 PAS positive diastase resistant
granules; NSE, S-100, Vimentin +,
Sprague- Malignant uterine granular cell Rats- granular cell tumors in meninges and
67 Granular cell tumor GFAP Neg;;EM- densely packed
Dawley rats tumor uterus// Dogs= tongue/ Horses= lung
lysosomes and phagosomes (myelin
figures)
Polygonal cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles
distal axial skeleton, arise from
Fischer 344 Vertebral body and lung: (Physaliferous cells), 3 components- central
17 68 Chordoma residual notochord;;; Keratin and
rat Chordoma trabecular bone, cartilgae zone, physaliferous
Vimentin +, NSEand S-100 +/-
cells at the periphery within a mucinous matrix
Fischer 344
69 same
rat
Gram Positive facultative intracellular circling disease- organism enters oral mucosa
Necrotizing hepatitis, bacillus- 3 syndromes-- septicemia, and travels trigeminal nerve, lands in pons and
70 Holstein OX Listeria monocytogenes
suppurative encephalitis, and abortion (also medulla with microabscesses and lymphocytic
conjunctivitis and mastitis) meningitis
Necrotizing nephritis, Abortion syndrom- late term, via
71 Holstein OX Listeria monocytogenes
suppurative hematogenous spread
Mucinous adenocarcinoma diagnosis requires greater than 50% mucinous
undulating ribbons and nests between
with metastasis to lymph material; Gastric adenocarcinoma may be
72 Ferret Mucinous adenocarcinoma proliferating fibrous tissue, epithelial
node; Intestine- lymphocytic induced by Helicobacter mustelae (model for
cells form acini with mucin
enteritis human H pylori)
iodine def--> incre TSH; Iodine excess -->
Thyroid gland: Diffuse causes abortion or weakness,
73 Lmousin calf Iodine deficiency interference with thyroxinogenesis --> low T3,T4
hyperplasia (goiter) symmetrical thyroid enlargement,
levels --> Incr TSH
Spleen, Liver, BM, mammary IL-12 (mPh) --> TH1 -->IL-2, TNF-a,IFN-y
Mycobacterium avium Intra and extracellular acid fast gram
18 74 Wallaby gland: Granulomatous (T,NK) --> upregulates mPh --> PDGF, TGF-b --
complex negative bacilli
inflammation with granulomas > stimulate fibroblasts and collagen synthesis
Taenia crassiceps- canids and felids
Subcutis and Skeletal muscle:
as definitive host, rodents most
Red Ruffled Granulomatous and Features include hooks, calcareus corpuscles,
75 Cysticerciasis common intermediate hosts, and
Lemur eosinophilic cellulitis and single bladder, one scolex,
become infected by ingesting
myositis
oncospheres from feces
Heart- Pancarditis,
necrotizing, often perivascular distribution, most
Flaviviridae- can be transmitted by several
76 Fish Crow WNV lymphoplasmacytic and severely heart, spleen, and skeletal
insect species and mechanical vectors
histiocytic, with muscle'
periganglioneuritis
Pulmonary artery: Arteritis/
Splendidofilaria caperata endarteritis, chronic with adult adult embedded in tunica media
filarial nematodes
Brain: Meningoencephalitis,
Parma (white-
necrotizing and 15-60um protozoal cysts PAS and also flund myocarditis, hepatitis, bacterial
77 fronted) Toxoplasma gondii
granulomatous/ GMS positive esophagitis
Wallaby
lymphoplasmacytic
Occlusive (reactive) vascular
In humans it is benign and associated with
endothelial proliferation in
19 78 cat Endotheliomatosis Factor VII relAg+ erythematoyus macules and plaques. It is
several organs; intravasulat
multisystemic in cats and fatal
pseudoangisarcoma
 Kidney: Fat emboli with
Feline hyperlipemia/
hemorrhage and
primary
79 Siamese cat granulomatoyus inflammation-
hyperlioproteinemia/
Autosomal recessive in
hyperchylomicronemia
siamese cats
Shope Fibroma virus: Subcutis: Atypical
Domestic Leporipoxvirus, Poxviridae mesenchymal proliferation
80
Rabbit (benign self limiting, non with eosinophilic
neoplastic to all rabbits) intracytoplasmic inclusions
invasive densely cellular
neoplasm of spindle cells in
Feline ocular sarcoma bundles and whorls, in some
81 Cat
(post traumatic sarcoma) cases osseus or chondrous
differentiation, the lens is
ruptured.
Brain: encephalitis,
20 82 dog Candida spp
granulomatous, with hyphae
Spinal cord: Infarct, with
fibrovartilaginous emboli fibrocartilaginous emboli, and most found in large breed dogs (Type
83 bovine
(FCEM) necrosis of gray and white
matter
Thalamus: Necrosis,
Clostridium perfringens
84 Lamb multifocal with spongiosis and
type D
edema
Alpha toxin, gas gangrene,
Intravascular hemolysis
Type A
(yellow lamb disease), colitix
X maybe, food borne illness
Alpha, beta, epsilon,
Enterotxemia in lambs,
Type B calves, and foals (lamb
dysentery- acute hemorrhagic
enteritis <2 weeks old).
fasting hyperlipemia, xanthomas,
Recessive lipoprotein lipase deficiency: must be
peripheral neuropathy, deficiency of
fed a low fat diet
lipoprotein lipase
4 poxviruses: Myxoma, Shope fibroma, Hare
fibroma (all leporipox), and Rabbitpox virus
EM showed inclusions- fibrillary (orthopox). Arthropod vectors for all but Hare
regular aggregates of moderately fibroma (unknown). Inclusions are common to
electron dense material arranged in all but Rabbit pox; Myxoma virus is serious: NA
long strands or bundles, or of finely rabbits (Sylvilagus) are natural hosts (resistant)
granular aggregates;;Immature virions- but can transmit to European cottontails
spherical 250 nm with electron dense (Oryctolagus) with severe disease and high
content and an outer envelope mortality- Hare fibroma is a diseas of european
hares (lepus genus, and Oryctolagus are
susceptible)
Secondary to trauma or phacoclastic
1) Long standing lens rupture (embedded lens
uveitis without trauma; Epithelial cell
material) (2) Circumferential distribution
origin
Candida are dimorphic with yeast
phase normally inhabiting GI tract,
URT, genitals. They reproduce by
budding and proliferate as
blastoconidia (budding yeat like cells),
or as pseudohyphae, and branhced
septate hyphae
2 disc disesae)
Lambs on well fed heavy milking ewea are most
Focal symmetrical encephalomalacia
susceptible. Epsilon toxin acts on vasular
caused by exotoxin of C perfringens D
endothelium --> edema in basal ganglia,
(epsilon toxin)/ also called chronic
thalamus, internal capsule, substantia nigra,
enterotoxemia.
subcortical white matter, and cerebellum
Clostridium toxins
Alpha toxin membranes, hemolysis and necrosis
 Alpha and beta- adult
pathgogen of sheep (struck-
hemorrhagic enteritis- first few
Type C
weeks) , goats and cattle as
well as lambs folas and calves
and piglets (<8 days).
Alpha and iota- Intestinal
Type E disease in calves, lambsm
and rabbits
85 Raccoon Lymphoma cerebrum: lymphoma, T cell
Skin: follicular atrophy,
diffuse, with epidermal
21 86 Cat Paraneoplastic alopecia hyperplasia with mild
lymphocytic perivascular
dermatitis
Skin/ MC junction: Dermatitis,
Immune mediated and cheilitis, superficial (crossover from pemphigus to lupus),
87 dog
dermatitis lymphoplasmacytic with
intracorneal pustules
Furunculosis and
discoid Lupus intraepithelial pustules
containing bacteria
Skin: Vesicular dermatitis,
multifocal, severe with
balooning degeneration,
88 Tamarin Cowpox virus (orthopox)
epithelial syncytia and
eosinophilic ICIB (Guarnieri
bodies)
Haired skin: Dermatitis and
folliculitis (or perifollicular and
perivascular), lymphocytic and
89 Bovine Dermatophytosis
eosinophilic, chronic, focal
with hyperkeratosis and
intracorneal pustules
Nasopharynx: Rhinitis,
Sprague
22 90 Aspergillus fumigatus necrotizing and suppurative
Dawley Rat
with intralesional fungi
Lungs: Bronchitis,
bronchiolitis, and
peribronchitis,
Metastrongylus sp
91 Feral pig lymphoplasmacytic and
(lungworms)
eosinophilic and pneumonia
with intra-airway adult
stongyles
Beta
necrosis and increased vasular permeability
Epsilon
iota
also cutaneous involvement
Pancreatic exocrine adenocarcinoma,
complete follicular atrophy on the ventrum and
and biliary duct carcinoma can cause
smooth glistening gross appearance are
paraneoplastic alopecia for unkown
diagnostic for this condition.
reasons
ddx: Pemphigus erythematosis
Pemphigus foliaceus (Both have
subcorneal pustules and acantholysis)
DLE: lichenoid interface dermatitis, hydropic
ddx; Mucocutaneous pyoderma and degeneration of basal cells, thickened
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus basement membrane, acantholysis,
mononuclear inflammation
Aside from orthopox viruses, these
can cause disease in humans:
cats can be infected and transmit virus
Parapoxviruses: Orf, pseudocowpox,
bovine papular stomatitis
Trychophyton verrucosum- Trichophytin- causes epidermal hyperplasia and
keratinolytic branched septate hyphae follicular hyperplasia (hyperplasia and
and penetrate hair cuticle hyperkeratosis)
comparative pathology: horses- guttural pouch
Aspergillus hyphae are 3-6 um wide
mycosis and abortion, Birds- air sacculitis, and
with septae with parallel walls and
tracheitis, Cattle- abortion, mycotic dermatitis in
dichotomous branching
fetuses, rumenitis; Canine- rhinitis
Metastongyle- intestine is composed of few
multinucleate cells with microvillous border with
hypertrophy of bronchiolar smooth
coelomyarian musculature. Lateral chords and
muscle
female reproductive tracts with eggs containing
developing larvae

Skin: Ulcer, locally extensive
92 Fish grayling Saprolegnia
with superficial zoosporangia
Scaled skin and skeletal
Iridophoroma
muscle: Iridophoroma
Mammary gland:
Galactophoritis,
necrosuppurative with
93 bovine BHV-4
eosinophilic INIB in ductal
epithelium and bacteria with
squamous metaplasia
Uterus: SIPS, or ulceration,
SIPS (Subinvolution of necrosis and hemorrhage with
23 94 dog
Placental sites) invasion by placental
trophoblast cells
Placenta: Multifocal necrosis
with mild placentitis,
95 Horse fetus Encephalitozoon spp
lymphocytic with gram positive
birefringent (like toxoplasma)
Uterus: Decidual reaction
(deciduoma) with myometrial
96 CD1 Mouse Decidual reactions
infiltration and endometritis,
suppurative
97 Dog Hermaphrodite Goands: Bilateral ovotestis
Female born as a co-twin to a
male and is XX/XY chimera
(?), anastomoses between
placental circulations allow
Freemartin
androgens to influence female
development, thereby
supressing female genital
development
Heart: Pyogranulomatous and
Pseudallescheria and necrotizing myocarditis, with
24 98 Dog Scedosporium fingal hyphae and
apiospermum chlamydospores or intercalary
swellings (chlamydoconia)
Oomycete- grossly white to grey
proliferative cotton-like growth on skin colorless aseptate hyphae
or gills
Chromatophoromas are contractile
pigment cell tumors arising from
Other pigments masses: Melanophores (black
dermal chromatophores, most are
or brown), iridophores with colorless pigment
benign. Iridophoromasa re
(purines), erythrophores (red), xanthophores
characterized by olive-green granular
(yellow)
pigment which is bi-refringent in
polarized light
probably secondary to bacterial BHV-4 is gammaherpesvirus (Mastitis, abortion,
mastitis metritis, vaginitis, enteritis, pneumonia)
Alphaherpes virus- BHV-1 (IBR, infectious
pustular vulvovaginitis, balanoposthitis), BHV-2
(Mammilitis), BHV-5 (encephalitis)
Persistent bloddy discharge post-
partum- 7-12 weeks--Looks
histologically similar to normal
involution but takes longer.
Spores are ingested and inject sporoplasm into
Free and intraepithelial protozoa-- host cell--> Asexual merogony --> differentiation
Oval 1-2 um, obligate intracellular into sporoblasts (sporogony)--> develop into
parasite spores in a parasiophorus vacuole --> rupture
and release into ECM
Other proliferative mouse uterus lesions:
uterus was enlarged with multiple
Histiocytic sarcomas, Schwannomas; Note: 2
nodular foci- deciduoma in the
lumens, one filled with neutrophils, the wall is
endometrium
filled with spindle cell.
Peripheral zone of ovarian tissue and SRY gene is essential for testicular
a central zone of testicular tissue. differentiation, and MIS for Muellerian duct
Germinal cells only in the ovarian degeneration (however in humans 80% of
parts intersex are XX)
Common gross findings are vestigial
seminal vesicles, stunted ovaries, Central atrophic seminiferous tubuels, intersittial
hypoplastic vagina, enlarged clitoris, cells, and epididymis, surrounded by developing
and lack of communication between follicles
the vagina and uterus
most often a result of penetrating trauma and
Pseudallescheria boydii and its
respiration in immunocompromised patients.
asexual form Scedosporium
Includes cutaneous and systemic lesions. It is
apiospermum (Microascasceae)
virtually indistinguishable from Aspergillus
 colon: Necrosuppurative
colitis with ICIB and
occasional syncytia,
99 bovine Rinderpest
diphtheritic membrane,
lymphoid necrosis, crypt
herniation
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
granulomatous, with nodular
100 dog Heterobilharzia americana
regeneration, interstitial
fibrosis, and trematode eggs
Eye: Uveal melanosis, diffuse,
with peripheral synechiae,
101 Dog Melanocytic glaucoma
retinal atrophy and
detachment and KCS
Esophagus: Esophagitis,
proliferative with gastric
Rhesus
25 102 Barret's Metaplasia intestinal metaplasia,
Macaque
glandular abscesses and
hyperplasia
Kidney: Membranous
Spontaneous circulating glomerulonephritis with
103 nu/nu Mouse
ANA glomerulonephritis fibrosis and protein casts and
tubular ectasia
Liver: Hepatocellular
PCV-2 with cyclosporine
104 Pig degeneration and necrosis
(induced PMWS)
with cholestasis
Lungs: Pneumonia,
African Green
105 Ricin Toxicity fibrinohemorrhagic, interstitial,
Monkey
necrotizing, with vasculitis
DDX- BVD (pestivirus), FMD (Picornavirus), IBR
(Alpha herpes), MCF (Gamma herpes),
Morbillivirus of Paramyxoviridae-
Vesicular Stomatitis (Rhabdovirus), Peste des
necrotic stomatitis and gastroenteritis
petits ruminants (Paramyxovirus), Bluetongue
(reovirus; small ruminants)
Life cycle: Adults live in vascular system after
migrating thorugh parenchymal organs--> eggs
Heterobilharzia- spherical to oval ova in mesenteric vessels --> penetrate intestinal
with miracidia in pancreas and mucosa --> pass out in feces --> Miracidia
intestine. released into water --> penetrate into snails -->
form sporocysts --> develop into cercariae -->
leave snail and penetrate the skin of mammals
Male and female are permanently coupled, eggs
produce the most severe lesions,
Comparative: Schistosoma bovis and
microgranulomas in the liver, spleen, brain, and
japonicum are the most pathogenic in
others. Adults can cause eosinophilic
cattle and sheep
endophlebitis with intimal proliferation and
thrombosis
affects middle aged cairn terriers and
may be unilateral or bilateral.
Melanocytes and
melanomacrophages proliferate in the
filtration angle, episcleral tissue, and
subconjunctival tissues, ocular
fundus, and meninges.
Typically it consists of a mix of gastric
cardia-type mucosa and intestinal Cornifying epithgelium transforms to a mucoid
goblet cells. It is a sequel to chronic secretiing and glandular epithelium, but no
gastric reflux and it is associated with parietal cells. also seen are squamous
the risk of development of esophageal metaplasia of submucosal ducts
adenocarcinoma
Ultrastructure: Amyloid deposits are
irregular non-branching fibrils,
Collagen= well organized fibrils with
cross-banding; Immune complexes=
electron dense granules
ICIB were hard to recognize, virus
accumulates in cytoplasm of
DDX: hepatosis dietetica, aflatoxicosis,
macrophages, mononuclear cells, and
cocklebur intoxication, gossypol intoxication,
histiocytes (in immunosuppressed
pyrrolizidine alkaloid, PCV-2,
animals viral antigen can be found in
nucleus as well)
Ricin derived from Castor oil plant
(Ricinus communis), results in
inhibition of protein synthesis
 AFIP
Conference Slide Species etiology Disease Notes
2002-2003 2002-2003
Granulomatous/ pyogranulomatous hepatitis foals 1-3 months old, acquired by inhalation
The pulmonary form is more
with intracellular and extracellular gram positive or ingestion and spreads through
common than the intestinal form,
rods- virulence factors- Vap A generates macrophages. Most commonly results in
1 1 Horse Rhodococcus Equi and hepatic abscessations are
humoral response and there is blockage of bronchopneumonia with lymphadenitis, and
uncommon. Hypopyon has been
phagosome-lysosome fusion, also necrotoxins less ffrequently ulcerative colitis,
reported in systemic cases
and recruitment of macrophages osteomyelitis and hypopyon
Obese monkeys that lose weight
fast --> fatal fasting syndrome;
Pancreatic islets of Langerhans include:
Diabetic patients have
Esophagitis, necrotizing and ulcerative with Alpha, Beta, delta, and F cells and
2 Macaque Fatal fasting syndrome hyperglycemia and impaired
superficial yeast and pseudohyphae enterochromaffin cells- (insulin secreted by
chemotaxis, impaired adherence
Beta cells)
and phagocytosis, and impaired
killing of microorganisms
Hepatic lipidosis
Diabetes Islet amyloidosis, pancreas
Thyroid C Cells-Parafollicular cells, Often associated with multiple endocrine
Neuroendocrine pattern tumor in the neck; or Ultimobranchial cells are most neoplasms in Bulls and elevatved
Thyroid C cell
3 Dog rarely lining follicles filled with colloid, and commonly seen in old Bulls, circulating calcitonin levels, In dogs usually
carcinoma
variably positive for calcitonin horses, and lab rats, IHC + non-functioinal (MEN-Pheo, C cell
Calcitonin and Chromogranin A carcinoma, and Pituitary tumors)
Leukotoxin--> lethal to leukocytes
Fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia, oat cells and platelets of ruminants by the
Endotoxin activates macrophages to
4 Calf Mannheimia hemolytica (clusters of degenerate neutrophils with formation of cell membrane pores
release TNF, IL-1B, and IL-8
streaming nuclei) (similar oat cells found in
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia)
BRSV and BVD
3 microscopic variations: 1)
mesenchymal cells originating
Circumscribed concentric neoplasm with from the periodontal ligament 2)
2 neoplastic cell types- Stellate Reticulum
epithleial cells arranged in interdigitating cords abortive tooth structures
5 Mouse Ameloblastic odontoma and Ameloblastic epithelium, and forms
surroundign stellate cells; and a smaller area of originating from ameloblasts and
enamel (toothlike structures)
poorly differentiated tooth components odontoblasts, and 3) well
differentiated squamous cells
bounded by loose stroma
IFA- CAR bacillus, Parvovirus, Rat
ELISA- CAR bacillus, Mycoplasma
Bacterial Lung: Bronchopneumonia with abscess and Coronavirus/////////////////////////////////////////////Cu
6 Rat pulmonis, and Rat Coronavirus
bronchopneumonia bronchiectasis, suppurative, and pleuritis lture: Bordatella bronchiseptica, E coli, and
(Sialodacryoadenitis)
Staph aureus
M Pulmonis- common Corona virus- Pos sense, single
CAR- Gram negative, motile rod causes ciliary
cause of stranded, RNA virus, causes self
stasis, goblet cell hyperplasia, bronchiectasis,
bronchopneumonia with limiting lmyphoplasmacyutic
bronchiolitis, and mucopurulent
bronchiectasis and inflammation and necrosis of
bronchopneumonia
lymphoid hyperplasia salivary and nasolacrimal glands

PMWS= 1) wasting 2) lymphoid PCV-2 alone is often subclinical, Add

Liver: Necrotizing hepatitis with ito cell
depletion or lymphohistiocytic Parvovirus = fatal disease/////////////////////////
7 Pig PCV-2 / PRRS proliferation, apoptotic bodies, bile stasis and
granulomatous inflammation in any PCV-1 is non pathogenic but may cause
bridging fribrosis
organ 3) PCV-2 in the lesions abortions
 Comparative : Chicken anemia virus is
immunosuppressive, PBFD is progressive
results in malformed beaks and feather loss
and immunosuppressioin, Pigeon Circovirus
causes lymphocytosis leading to
immunosuppression, Porcine Parvovirus =
SMEDI (Stillbirth, Mummification, Embryonic
Death, Infertility)
Flavivirus transmitted by Mosquitoes, horse
WNV typically in grey matter of is dead end host (not viremic to spread)-
Meningoencephalomyelitis, lymphocytic and brain and grey and white in spinal Clinical signs similar to EEE and EPM,
8 Horse West Nile Virus
neutrophilic with neuronal necrosis cord- EEE is white matter only in JEV, Borna, Rabies---------EHV-1
spinal cord (histologically) causes ischemic
myeloencephalopathy
B cereus can casue skin and joint
Staph aureus is most common,
infections, meningitis, septicemia,
Necrotizing mastitis with gram positive spore- with Mannheimia, Pseudomonas
9 Goat Bacillus cereus pneumonia, endocarditis, and intraocular
forming bacilli with hemorrhage and coliforms and Avocado leaf
infections- Produces toxins like enterotoxin,
toxicity
hemolysin, PLC, emetic toxin
Dilation of lacteals, hypercellular
villi with lymphocytes plasma cells,
macrophages in muscularis and
Intestinal Intestinal lymphangiectasia with granulomatous Most comon cause of Protein losing
10 Dog serosal layers. Lymphatic vessels
lymphangiectasia lymphangitis enteropathy in dogs
are dilated and surrounded by
macrophages lymphocytes and
plasma cells
Focal areas of fibrosis (healed
Membranous glomerulopathy or Fibrosis with infarcts), interstitial inflammation,
Renal Fibrosis
glomerular sclerosis and interstitial nephritis thickening of Bowmans capsule,
sclerosis of glomerular tufts
cellular infiltrate concentrates
around the blood vessels and
glomeruli-----------DDX for MCF =
All other organs had vasculitis with
BVD (pestivirus), Bluetongue and
Ovine Herpesvirus-2 Kidney: Arteritis, fibrinonecrotic, lymphocytic, meningoencephalitis and periportal
11 Antelope Epizootic Hemorrhage Disease
(MCF) with periglomerular interstitial nephritis hepatitis-----------Gammaherpesvirus
(Orbivirus), and Rinderpest
replicates in T cells
(Morbillivirus), anf FMD
(Aphthovirus), Vesicular Stomatitis
(Vesiculovirus)
Leporipoxviruses include Rabbit
Haired Skin: Epidermal hyperplasia with
Shope Fibroma virus, Squirrel
12 Squirrel Leporipoxvirus orthokeratosis and balooning degeneration with Transmission via arthropod
fibroma virus, Hare fibroma virus,
ICIB and dermal mesenchymal cell proliferation
and Myxoma virus
Soman is an organophosphate that
inhibits Cholinesterase, resulting in Salivation lacrimation, bronchoconstriction,
rapid accumulation of acetylcholine siezures. Neuronal necrosis is due to
13 Rat Soman toxicity Brain: Neuronal necrosis
and hyperstimulation of both increased glutamate release and hypoxia
central and peripheral cholinergic from prolonged siezures
sites
Heart: Myocardial degeneration and necrosis
with neutrophilic and histiocytic myocarditis
 10-80um spherules, double
Inhalation of arthrospores, spherules
Lung: Pyogranulomatous pneumonia with contoured birefringent walls, 2-5
14 Goat Coccidiodes immitis develop and rupture releasing endospores
Coccidioides immitis spherules um endospores. PAS
and spreading infection.
demonstrates internal structures
Multicentric lesion in Rats affecting
the liver, spleen, lung, uterus---
Sprague Kidney: Histiocytic sarcoma, intravasular and Glomerulosclerosis was also seen (chronic
15 Histiocytic sarcoma Older SD rats predisposed to this.
Dawley Rat interstitial progressive glomerulopathy)
Often an increased fibroblastic
component
Zygomycetes- Non-contagious,
saprophytic, opportunistic
pathogens gain entry by wound--
Brain: Vasculitis, necrotizing with suppurative
16 Whale Zygomycetes vasculitis Hyphae are broad upt to 10 um, ddx: Aspergillus and Pythium
encephalitis and fungal hyphae
infrequently septate, non-parallel
and thin walled, with non-
dichotomous branching
Ubiquitous saprophytic conidiophores: 5-8 um diameter up to 300
Airsac: Pyogranulomatous airsacculitis with opportunistic pathogen. Hyphae um in length, become flask dhaped (20-30
17 Emu Aspergillus fumigatus
hyphae and conidiophores are parellel walled, 3-6 um with um in diameter), single row of Phialides
dichotomous branching which produce radiating chains of conidia

Bilateral seminoma- occasionally malignant

and locally invasive. Clinical presentation negative for c-kit and PLAP (in
18 Pigeon Seminoma
inclideslethargy, anorexia, increased contrast to human seminomas)
respiration, diarrhea, and abdominal distension

benign (mature) or malignant

(immature) based on anaplasia or
the presence of undifferentiated
Mixed germ cell tumor
Ovary: Mixed germ cell tumor (teratoma), elements. Teratocarcinomas are
19 Turtle (teratoma, yolk sac
mature and immature, and 10% yolk sac tumor undifferentiated malignant
tumor)
neoplasms containing features of
teratomas and embryonal
carcinomas and choriocarcinomas

Hyphae- 7-9 um wide, septate, non-

parallel and brown to green
Phaeohyphomycotic
pigment. From cultures ID base typically cutaneous infections but can occur
pneumonia Granulomatous pneumonia, heterophilic, with
20 Swan don chains of smooth brown or in lung and brain. Melanin is the pigment
(Cladiosporium pigmented hyphae
pigmented ellipsoidal, unbranched and a virulence factor
bantianum)
conidia arising from septate
conidiophores
DDX: 1) Equine cutaneous lymphangitis
(Burkholderia mallei- glanders), and
Skin: Pyogranulomatous dermatitis and
3 clinical manifestations: Burkholderia pseudomallei
lymphangitis with pseudocarcinomatous
21 Horse Sporothrix schenkii Lymphocutaenous, fixed (pseudoglanders) 2) Equine Ulcerative
epidermal hyperplasia and intralesional yeast
cutaneous and disseminated Lymphangitis (Corynebacterium
(Sporothrix schenkii)
pseudotuberculosis), 3) Equine Epizootic
Lymphangitis (histoplasma farciminosi)
Eye: Uveitis, granulomatous with
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada- DDX: Discoid lupus, SLE, Auto-immune Type IV hypersensitivity to
22 Dog intrahistiocytic melanin pigment with slcera
Like_syndrome Pemphigus, and vitiligo melanin in humans
involvment
 Skin: Dermatitis, superficial and periadnexal,
Arctic breeds and chows most
histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic with marked
affected
pigmentary incontinence and hyperkeratosis
M avium is an obligate intracellular
parasite, gram positive and acid
Small Intestine: Granulomatous enteritis with
23 Cat Mycobacterium avium fast- Cats are more susceptible to
intrahistiocytic bacilli
M bovis than M tuberculosis or
avium
Liver: Granulomatous hepatitis with
intrahistiocytic bacilli and severe centrilibular
necrosis
Release from hypobiotic state is
Lymphoplasmacytic colitis/ fibrinonecrotic L3 is infective --> ingested --> lose synchronized by the loss of adults////
colitis with myriad intralesional cyathostome cuticle and enter mucosa of Strongyle Larvae ar characterized by a
24 Horse Cyathostomes
larvae (small strongyles)/ Lymphadenitis, intestine where they are pseudocoelom, platymyarian meromyarian
Peritonitis, histiocytic and neutrophilic surrounded by fibrous capsule musculature, few multinucleate cells and
lacking mature goands
Necrotizing splenitis with intranuclear
25 Macaque Cytomegalovirus Remains latent in WBC's; ddx- CMV, Adenovirus
inlcusions; Spleen, Lymphoid depletion
attachment and damage to
Cecum and colon: Intestinal spirochetosis, enterocytes, limited to large Inflammation is minimal, causes erosive
26 Macaque Brachyspira pilosicoli
apically attached elongated bacteria intestine, spread to lamina propria, and ilcerative typhlocolitis in pigs
phagocytosed to macrophages
Hereditary Nephritis (HN)-
breeds: Samoyeds, english cocker
inherited defect in the basement
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with spaniels, miniature bull terriers; Basement
Hereditary nephropathy membrane (Type IV) collagen
27 Dog fibrosis and mild lymphoplasmacytic interstitial membranes can be compared to those
(Alports syndrome) resulting in progressive
nephritis seen in immune-mediated
glomerulonephritis and renal
glomerulonephritis
failure
Gross Lesions: Edema and petechia,
Hemorrhagic nephritis of geese
ascites, hemorrhagic enteritis and
Goose Hemorrhagic Kidney: Tubulointerstitial nephritis, necrotizing (HNEG): 4-10 weeks old, sudden
28 goose nephritis:: Histo- detachment of the tubular
Polyomavirus with hemorrhage and focal urate accumulation death, dyspnea, diarrhea, CNS
epithelium. Does not produce obvious
signs,
inclusions
Malignant lymphoma, leukemia and
29 Rat Malignant lymphoma
hemangioma of the lymph node
hemangioma
Eye, Retina, photoreceptor layer, outer nuclear Loss of photoreceptor layer (apoptosis),
Mouse, Result of decreased acitivity of
30 Retinal degeneration layer, outer plexiform layer- degeneration and decrease in retinal vasulature----there are
FVB/NJ cGMP-phosphodiesterase
loss 16 known mutations
primarily targets immature B cells, Bursa is
Infectious bursal IBDV serotype 1 (Birnavirus),
31 Chicken Cloacal bursa: Lymphoid depletion, diffuse grossly enlarged due to edema, hyperemia,
disease virus infection of 3-6 week old chickens
and hemorrhage
Y. enterocolitica, and infect M cells and colonize the mucosal
pseudotuberculosis are associated lymphoid tissue, bind to B1
Necrohemorrhagic enteritis and peritonitis with enteroinvasive and cause diarrhea, integrins (adherence to cells and ECM).
32 Macaque Yersinia sp
lymphangitis, fibrin thrombi dehydration, anorexia, and weight Extracellular survival is mediate dby
loss, necrotizing hepatitis, splenitis YopH,T and E (disrupts macrophage
and lymphadenitis cytoskeletons)
 Other large colony forming
bacteria include: Actinomyces,
DDX: Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shigella,
Arcanobacter, Clostridium,
Entamoeba histolytica
Staphylococcus, and
Streptococcus (YAACSS)
Histo features of DI: irregular arrangement
OI lesions include- osteopenia,
and reduction in numnbers of dentin
Dentin dysplasia Dentinogenesis imperfects (DI) can occur excessive bone fragility, skeletal
tubules, Basophilic lines (mineralization
33 Llama (Dentinogenesis inconjunction with Osteogenesis imperfecta or deformity, joint laxity, translucent
fronts), pre-dentin layer in irregular in
imperfecta) as a separate disease teeth, otosclerosis, and blue-tinged
thickness and stains weakly, the
sclera
Odontoblasts are small and disorganized
Multifocal necrotic areas with
Osteomyelitis, granulomatous, Osteolysis, central eosinophilic material
34 Iguana Cellulitis Fibrous metaplasia, osseus and chondroid surrounded by MNGC, ddx: Salmonella (gram negative)
metaplasia perivasculat histiocytes and
lymphocytes,
Reactive bone
Osteomyelitis / Canine
Grossly, firm diffuse swellings of
Hypertrophic Necrosuppurative Osteomyelitis with trabecular
the distal radial and ulnar
35 Dog Osteodystrophy fractures and extra-periosteal fibro-osseus
metaphyses, and tibia;l
(Metaphyseal proliferation and retained cartilage cores
metaphyses
osteopathy)
degenerative chondrocytes were irregular,
Metaphyseal plates were mildly calcified cartilage was poorly formed, most
Chondrodysplasia and dyshematopoiesis (IL-
36 Holstein OX Chondrodysplasia thickened and had many cartilage chondrocytes in the resting zone were
1B, FGF, BMP)
canals lined with flat shaped cells pyknotic. The chondroid matrix was
granular or fibrous not smooth
gross: huge size, abdominal
Histo features: primitive glomeruli,
enlargementreported in humans, dogs,
abortive tubules, loose spindle
cats, horses, sheep, swine, chickens,
37 Rat Nephroblastoma Embryonal nephroma, Wilms Tumor stroma, mixed differentiation to
rabbits, and rats---DDX in rats includes,
striated muscle, collagen,
renal carcinoma and renal mesenchymal
cartilage, bone, and adipose tissue
tumor
Study of SV40 induced lymphoma in hamsters
(polyomavirus). Oncogenic DNA virus causes
leukemia, lymphoma, mesothelioma,
involves the serosa mesentery forms many exophytic papillary fronds---
pulmonary carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pituitary
38 Hamster Mesothelioma pancreas and is contiguous with Morphology- epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and
tumors, thyroid tumors and persistent renal
the mesothelium of the peritoneum mixed (biphasic)
infections in monkeys\ Tag (large T antigen)
can inactivate tumor suppressor gene products
like p53 and rb

Transverse section of the

abdomen- epidermis and
Stomach: dysplasia, segmental, p63 knockout Keratinocytes are columnar with
39 Mouse Epithelial dysplasia epidermal appendages are absent,
mouse keratohyaline granules,
the outermost cells in the skin are
spindle shaped (exposed dermis),
 Dysplasia with erosion and ulceration; p63
knockout- required for maintanenece of
Epidermal hypoplasia progenitor cells (homologous to p53); limb
truncation is due to failure to maintain apical
ectodermal ridge (stratified epithelium)
lymphocytes, plasma cells,
Cervical spinal cord: Meningitis, Can be found in any dog breed with
macrophages, periarterial with loss
40 Dog Beagle Pain Syndrome pyogranulomatous with fibrinonecrotic arteritis Beagles, Bernese MTn Dogs, and Boxers
of cellular structure in arterioles
and mild lymphoplasmacytic myelitis overepresented
and accumulation of neutrophils

DDX: Pug dog encephalitis (non-suppurative,

necrotizing, cerebral hemishperes), Old dog
encephalitis (lymphoplasmacytic perivascular
cuffing, demyelination, rare inclusions), GME
(lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic perivascular
cuffing, with nests of epithelioid macrophages
in the cuffs, white matter and meninges

Grossly white nodules looked like

neoplasia, but composed of
Histoplasma Lung: Pneumonia, pyogranulomatous, with
41 Horse macrophages neutrophils plasma
capsulatum intrahistiocytic yeast
cells and MNGC. Most
macrophages were filled with yeast

Renal dysplasia with decreased glomeruli,

mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, autosomal recessive claudin
42 Calf Renal Dysplasia
tubular epithelial hypertrophy, hyperplasia and deficiency (tight junctions)
disorganization and chronic interstitial nephritis

DRIPS clade: Dermocystidium, granulomatous mucous membrane disease,

Rosette agent, Ichthyophonus,
Psorospemium------DDX:
Nasal mucosa: rhinitis, proliferative, with Coccidioides, Prototheca,
43 Dog Rhinosporidium seeberi erosion and ulceration, squamous metaplasia Chlorella( Rhinosporidium
and numerous sporangia and throphocytes sporangia and endospores stain
with GMS, PAS, and Gridley, but
only the wall of Coccidioides stain
with PAS
forming a polypoid mass; 1) the trophocyte
(juvenile sporangia) is 10-100 um, with 2-3
um hyalinized wall, a central nucleus
(karyosome) and prominent nucleolus. 2)
Intermediate sporangia lack nucleus and
have thicker wall. 3) Mature sporangia are
from 100-400 um with wall, no nucleus, and
contain numerous endospores (2-10um)

other possible lesions: initial

Comparative: H agni in goats (resp and
widespread vasculitis and vascular
mammary infections), H parasuis (fibrinous
necrosis (LPS
Histophilus somni Fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia with polyserositis, polyarthritis), H.
44 Ox endotoxin);;septicemia, thrombotic
(Haemophilus somnus) interlobular edema and numerous coccobacilli paragallinarum in chickens (infectious
meningoencephalitis, pneumonia,
coryza, upper respiratory tract infection,
pleuritis, myocarditis, reproductive
infraorbital sinusitis)
failure, arthritis
Well circumscribed mass of fat, Teratoma: multiple germ lines, Ectoderm
muscle, nervous tissue, (nervous, oral and nasal mucosa,
Left adrenal gland: teratoma, mature (well sebaceous glands, hairshafts, epidermis), Mesoderm (CT, muscle, bone,
45 Ferret Teratoma
differentiated) follicles, and large cysts within the urogenital, cardiovascular), Endoderm
adrenal cortex. Dense fibrous (Gastrointesstinal epithelium, respiratory
connective tisse epithelium, and glands)
 Grain overload, ruminal lactic acidosis: -->
overgrowth of Strep bovis, and
Lactobacillus spp --> increased lactic acid --
> low pH below 5 --> volatile Fatty Acids
produced in early stages --> absorbed and
epithelial hyperplasia with vesicles.
46 Calf Lactic acidosis Reticulum: Reticulitis, with multifocal ulceration cause rumen stasis --> dehydration results
Neutrophils
from increased rumen osmolality-->
systemic acidosis results and circulatory
collapse occurs--> secondary bacterial and
mycotic infections can result, and rumen
mucosa sloughs
ddx: injection site reaction, atypical
Skin: Dermal and subcutaneous angioinvasive Lymphomatoid granulomatosis=
Malignant lymphoma, histiocytic proliferation, lymphohistiocytic
47 Dog lymphoma (T cell) with lymphohistiocytic angiotropic lymphoma. Subdivided
angioinvasive inflammation, histiocytic sarcoma,
vasculitis and necrosis into angiocentric and angioinvasive
malignant histiocytosis.
EE's can have suppurative inflammation
early, VEE and EEE can have necrotizing
trigeminal ganglion: ganglionitis, non-
vasculitis with thrombosis; EPM there is
suppurative, diffuse, with neuronal ddx: rabies (ss (-) RNA), EEE,
necrosis axonal swelling and hemorrhage
48 Horse Rabies virus degeneration, satellitosis, neuronophagia, and WEE, VEE, WNV, EHV-1,
with eosinophils and macrophages; EIA can
intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions (Negri Sarcocystis neurona, EIA
occasionally have non-suppurative to
bodies)
granulomatous encephalomyelitis centered
on ventricles and leptomeninges
different variants exist (skunk, Replication initially in myocytes then
Spinal cord: Poliomyelitis, non-suppurative, wit raccoon, and bat) Bat variant spreads to sensory neurons and to the
hemorrhage and vacuolation, neuronal causes most human cases; bites CNS. Then goes to salivary gland
degeneration, and inclusions are undetected or spread through epithelium and replicates then buds into the
aerosols saliva
arsenic ingibits sulfur containing amino
Kidney- Tubular necrosis, segmental and cows ate ash from pile of burned acids and binds to sulfhydryl groups as in
49 Ox Arsenic toxicity medullary, with granular casts (along with feceposts (wood preservative- pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-
multifocal hepatic necrosis) copper-chrome-arsenate) ketoglutarase (no oxidative
phosphorylation)
cocklebur (Xanthium spp) -
ddx: cestrum parqui, Helichrysum, trema,
Liver: Necrosis, centrilobular to midzonal, carboxyatractyloside- inhibits
50 Ox Xanthium toxicity Microcystis aeruginosa, blue-green algae,
diffuse, with congestion and hemorrhage oxidative phosphorylation and
rift valley fever
binds adenine nucleotides
Vicia (legume; seeds and vegeatative):
Lesions also found in: kidneys,
cyanogenic glycosides, photosensitization:
adrenal glands, lymph nodes,
Heart: Granulomatous and eosinophilic 3 clinical manifestations- a) acute
Vicia villosa tocicity spleen, periportal liver, mammary
51 Ox myocarditis, with myocardial degeneration and neurological, b) swelling and mucosal
(Hairy Vetch) gland, thyroid gland, ovaries,
necrosis (toxic myocarditis) eruptions, cyanosis, cough, followed by
uterus, lungs, leptomeninges,
death, c) systemic granulomatous
perivascular encephalitis
inflammation (SGI) with dermatitis
Sarcocystis sp incidental finding
Blocks DNA/RNA/ and protein synthesis:
toxicity to heart not related to anti-tumor
Adriblastin (anthracyclin antiobiotic
Heart: myocarditis, necrotizing, non- properties: DDX- nutritional deficiency,
52 Dog Adriblastin toxicity and chemotherapeutic): AKA
suppurative with amyloidosis of small arteries metabolic disorder, chemical and plant
doxirubicin
toxicity, brain injury/ Puppies- herpes,
parvo, morbillivirus, Vit E se deficiency
 birds do not have cutaneous
adnexal glands other than the
uropygial gland; the sections
contain a decalcified humerus with
a well-differentitated mucinous
Humerus: Mucinous carcinoma of air sac air sacs are lined by single layer of
carcinoma seen as large papillae
53 Cockatoo Adenocarcinoma origin/ Adenocarcinoma, cystic and mucinous epithelium supported by mesothelial
containing acini with mucinous
with stromal osseous metaplasia` serosa.
columnar epithelium within air-
sacs lined by squamous epithelium
(with transformation from
squamous to mucinous epithelium
can be seen)

Aboeba is transmitted by ingestion Trophozoites are 10-15 micrometers with

Liver: Necrotizing and granulomatous hepatitis of cysts shed from feces. The single nucleus with single central
54 Lizard Entamoeba invadens with intralesional protozoa/ amoeba trophzoites cysts develop into trophozoites in endosome and a ring pf peripheral
and trematode eggs the intestine and invade the granules; Cysts are 11-20 mcm with 4
mucosa of the GI tract nuclei (member of the E Histolytica group)

Apicomplexan parasite: (conoid,

Liver: Mononuclear cell proliferation, rhoptries, polar rings, micronemes,
multinodular, with intracytoplasmic protozoa subpellicular microtubules)- Self
55 Thrush Atoxoplasma sp
and intravascular monocytic cytoplasmic limiting disease except in
protozoa fledglings- causes
hepatosplenomegaly grossly
Mononuclear cell
due to the protozoa
proliferation
Lung: Granulomatous pneumonia with
suppurative bronchopneumonia, bronchiectasis
56 Hedgehog Mycobacterium sp
and interstitial fibrosis, type II pneumocyte
hyperplasia
HPV- oncogenic papillomavirus
E6 binds to p53 and accelerated its
Squamous cell produce E6 and E7 oncoproteins
57 Macaque cervix: Squamous cell carcinoma degradation, E7 binds and inactivates Rb
carcinoma which inhibit tumor suppresion
thereby deregulating the G1/S checkpoint
genes p53 and Rb
Most tumors arise from the subsurface
Sex-cord stomal tumors are
epithelial structures (papillary adenoma,
derived from- the normal hormone
Sex-cord stromal tumor, papillary adenocarcinoma, cystadenoma,
58 Dog Ovary: Sex-cord stromal tumor, luteinized secreting apparatus (Granulosa
luteinized cyst adenocarcinoma///Germ cell tumors
thecal cell tumor, and interstitial
include- dysgerminoma, teratoma, and
cell tumor (luteoma)
embryonal carcinoma
Chorioallantois: Necrotizing and suppurative
3-5um yeast forming
59 Horse Candida spp placentitis with intralesional yeasts and
pseudohyphae;
pseudohyphae
ddx: Strep zooepidemicus, E coli,
Lepto, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella,
Chorioallantois: necrosuppurative placentitis
60 Horse Nocardoform placentitis Aspergillus, Absidia, mucor,
with branhcing filamentous bacteria
rhizopus, Candida, Histoplasma,
EHV-, EAV
 Myxozoan parasite- distinguished
from other protozoa by the
presence of polar capsules and
Intestine: Enteritis, lymphocytic, diffuse, with valved multicellular spores during
61 Sea Bream Myxidium leei
intraepithelial protozoa their life cycle- Use PAS or
Giemsa to demonstrate polar
capsules, Acid Fast stains
demonstrate mature spores
Prototheca- 5-20 um with thin cell
Intestine: enteritis, pyogranulomatous with algal
62 Dog Prototheca sp wall with large sporangia P. zopfii and P wickerhamii
organisms
containing multiple
other lesions- choroid retina,
Heart: Myocarditis, pyogranulomatous,
subretinal space, mastitis is cattle,
multifocal with algal organisms
dermatitis in cats and humans
Malignant mammary tumors in rats
In mice carcinomas are most common
63 Rat Fibroadenoma Mammary Gland: Fibroadenoma include adenoarcoma and
whereas fibroadenoma's are rare
carcinosarcoma
Pig, hamster, rabbit, birds, in mice
Ileum and Jejunum: Enteritis, proliferative and
64 Rabbit Lawsonia intracellularis also with suppurative peritonitis Citrobacter rodentium causes rare colonic
histiocytic with intracellular bacteria
hyperplasia and bacteria are extracellular
Membranous glomerulitis, lymphoplasmacytic
Gastric dilatation and chronic
Chronic progressive vasculitis and perivasculitis, tubular
65 Mouse nephropathy in mice exposed to
nephropathy degeneration and regeneration, casts,
dirty bedding
interstitial nephritis
presence of numerous glandular
66 Macaque Adenocarcinoma Nasal Cavity: Adenocarcinoma structures and continuity of these
cells with the supporting cells
Phalloidin- interacts with actin in
GI smooth muscle;; DDX- Acetominophen, Microcystis,
Amanita phalloides Liver: Hepatocyte degeneration and loss,
67 Dog Amatoxins- alpha amantin- binds Cocklebur, Cycad palm, Aflatoxin, Phenol,
toxicity centrilobular to mid-zonal
to RNA pol II and inhibits protein Carprofen
synthesis
Myxomavirus- Leporipoxvirus-
Unique Histo features- proliferation of cells
Skin, ear: Atypical mesenchymal proliferation, South american type and
in the walls of BV, and large stellate
Myxoma virus myxomatous, with epithelial hyperplasia and Californian type that causes lethal
68 Rabbit myxoma cells:::: Other Leporipoxviruses=
(myxomatosis) balooning degeneration and intracytoplasmic disease of myxomatosis in
Shope fibroma, hare fibroma, Squirrel
inclusion bodies (myxomatosis) European rabbit- transmitted by
fibroma
arthropods
kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
distinguishing features- simulataneous
membranoproliferative, global, diffuse with
other lesions- skin, CNS, heart, glomerulonephritis, tubular necrosis and
69 Dog Canine Lyme nephritis tubular dilation, proteinosis, necrosis and
joints regeneration, tunular dilation and
regeneration and mild lymphoplasmacytic
lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis
interstitial nephritis
 Other Swine Helminths: Stomach worm
Acanthocephalans- Lack digestive (Hyostrongylus rubidus), Roundworm
tract, have a thick hypodermis, (Ascaris suum), Strongyle
lacunar channels, proboscis and (Oesophagostomum dentatus), Whipworm
Small Intestine: eosinophilic granuloma with lemnisci. eggs are oval with 3 (Trichuris suis), Kidney worm (Stephanurus
Macracanthorhynchus
70 Pig intralesional acanthocephalan; or Enteritis, envelopes; Vertebrate must ingest dentatus), Lungworm (Metastrongylus apri),
hirudinaceus
necrotizing and pyogranulomatous transmural an invertebrate with an infective Cestodes (Taenia hydatigena, Taenia
acanthor (cystacanth stage). solium/Cysticercus cellulosae,
Adults embed in the intestine wall Echinococcus granulosus), Trematodes
and may perforate the intestine. (Fasciola hepatica, and gigantica, and in
the lung Paragonimus kellicotti)

Listeria gain entry via damaged mucosa or

Spinal cord: Myelitis, suppurative, subacute,
Malacia of grey matter, skin and through the trigeminal nerve to the
focally extensive with multifocal meningitis and
hypertrophic microglia, vessels brain; focal gliosis and microabscesses
71 Sheep Listeria monocytogenes few gram positive bacilli (virulence factors-
have hypertrophic endothelium and (neutrophils) and central necrosis usually
hemolysin, listeriolysin-O (intramacrophagic
perivascular cuffing restricted to the brain stem (Pons medulla,
multiplication)
thalamus and spinal cord).

DDX: Maple Syrup Urine Disease (alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase mutation;

death in 6 days), Canavan disease in humans; Staining with luxol fast blue
Brain: white matter and brainstem- Spongiosus,
72 Calf Spongiosis indictaes myelin preservation (not typical of Canavan dz), Congenital cerebral
diffuse
edema (horned herefords), Citrullinemia (holstein-fresian), BSE (vacuolation in
neuropil and neurons in brainstem nuclei)
Adult, aged cats in the
caudoventral abdominal wall and DDX- hemangiosarcoma,
Feline ventral
mammary glands; Grossly it is red- lymphangiosarcoma (call it angiosarcoma
73 Cat abdominal Skin: feline ventral abdominal angiosarcoma
black, plaque like with to avoid controversy of blood vs lymphatic
angiosarcoma
serosanguinous exudation and origin).
varies from firm to soft
Haired skin: Panniculitis, lymphofollicular and
granulomatous, with pseudocyst formation, and proposed pathogenesis: focla complement
Toy or small breeds, especially
Post-rabies vaccination rare intrahistiocytic amphophilic foreign mediated cutaneous vasculitis of deep
74 Dog poodles, and develops 3-6 months
alopecia material, with marked adnexal atrophy, mild dermal and subcutaneous arterioles;
post vaccination
epidermal hyperplasia, and orthokeratotic vasculitis is not always present.
hyperkeratosis
bening neoplasm of adult rabbits.
Basal cell tumors should
recapitulate the basal cell layer of
Basal cell tumor the normal epidermis. WHO
75 Rabbit Haired skin: Basal cell tumor (trichoblastoma)
(trichoblastoma) classifes trichoblastoma as a
beingn tumor showing
differentiation to primitive hair
germ of the developing follicle
Haired skin and subcutis: Dermatitis,
transmitted by the pig louse ddx: vesicular skin diseases; they can be
necrotizing or ulcerative and proliferative or
76 Pig Suipoxvirus (hematopinus suis) or mosquito; ruled out by inclusions, balooning
acanthotic with balooning degeneration.
suipoxvirus in the family poxviridae degeneration and epithelial proliferation
Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions
Kidney: Arteritis, granulomatous, segmental Transmural necrotizing
ddx: Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira
with moderate multifocal plasmacytic and inflammation to small to medium
interrogans, Ehrlichia canis,
77 Dog Polyarteritis nodosa histiocytic interstitial nephritis, focal neutrophilic sized muscular arteries=
Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Rickettsia
medullary nephritis and multifocal interstitial polyarteritis nodosa. Believed to
rickettsii
fibrosis be Type III hypersensitivity
 Leptospirosis- Interstitial
Ehrlichia- Interstitial lymphoplasmacytic
Lyme- glomerulonephritis with tubular dilation lymphoplasmacytic nephritis, with
nephritis centering on glomeruli, and
ddx morphs and necrosis and regeneration with histiocytic inflammation,
plasmacytic vasculitis at the
lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis neutrophilic tubulitis and tubular
corticomedullary junction
degeneration and necrosis
Greyhounds- idiopathic cutaneous and
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever renal glomerular vasculopathy causing
(rickettsia)- Necrotizing vasculitis cutaneous ulceration, limb edema, and
E cuniculi- Plasmacytic to granulomatous
of small veins, capillaies and peracute renal glomerular sclerosis. This
interstitial nephritis and may cause
arterioles with perivascular resembles hemolytic-uremic syndrome of
granulomatous arteritis
neutrophils, lymphocytes and humans. Kidney lesions include fibrin
macrophages thrombi within glomerular capillaries,
necrosis and hemorrhage.
Phase 1 is suppurative and Phase
ARDS- adult respiratory distress syndrome.
2 has hyaline membrane formation
Lung: Bronchiolitis, necrotizing, with diffuse Characterized by diffuse alveolar and
and fibrosis (interstitial
Smoke inhalation necrotizing fibrinous interstitial pneumonia and capillary damage. Relase of TNF and IL-8
78 Dog pneumonia). Injury to respiratory
toxicity multifocal black isotropic intrahistiocytic and by macrophages results in further tissue
mucosa can be due to heat, gases,
extracellular pigment damage, edema, fibrin, and hyaline
or soot. Loss if ciliary funtion and
membrane formation
mucosal edema are early changes.

Adenom with atypia was diagnosed based

histologic features vary from
invasion of the sclera or choroid and a low
papillary to solid and pigmented to
mitotic rate and a solid pattern; PAS stain
79 Dog Iridocilliary adenoma Eye, Iridociliary adenoma with atypia non-pigmented. They rarely
distinguishes this from metastatic
metastasize regardless of
carcinoma (cells or iridociliary neoplasms
appearance of malignancy
are surrounded by BM)

Renal dysplasia- disorganized development

Kidneys: Cysts, glomerular, with glomerular tuft of renal parenchyma due to anomalous
Glomerular polycystic Usually cystic dilatation of tubules
80 Dog atrophy and multifocal chronic interstitial differentiation. Fetal glomeruli, immature
kidney disease is more common.
nephritis with fibrosis tubules, primitive mesenchyme, persistent
metanephric ducts

Granulocytic and monocytic

leukemias are anatomically located
in both red and white pulp.
Neoplastic cells are positive for hemoglobin
Erythroleukemia Neoplastic cells of erythroleukemia
Spleen, red pulp: Erythroleukemia, NIH swiss peroxidase (erythroid lineage), negative ofr
81 Mouse (Spleen focus forming are in the red pulp only and form
mouse lysozyme (myeloid), and neg for CD79a
virus- retrovirus) sheets of erythroid precursors that
and CD3 (lymphoid)
replace myeloid progenitors and
megakaryocytes with compression
of periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths

spleen: Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Clin path- Iron transported in blood
Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration and
bound to transferrin and by Hyperammonemia is caused by decreased
necrosis, centrilobular to midzonal, with oval
82 Horse Iron toxicosis hephaestin and ceruloplasmin. Iron functional hepatic mass ( decr. ammonia --
cell and biliary proliferation, megalocytosis and
typically occupies 1/3 of the > urea) resulting in hepatic encephalopathy
intracytoplasmic golden brown pigment
transferrin.
 Fibroplasia of the bone marrow
with little to no fat- loose fibrous
83 Goat Myelofibrosis Bone Marrow: Myelofibrosis, diffuse, moderate connective tissue and fusiform to
stellate fibroblasts with
hemaotpoietic islands.
in dogs it is associated with congenital
pyruvate kinase deficiency, marked EMH in
response to anemia (due to myelophthisis);
Dacryocytes are seen in peripheral blood
(tear drop shaped poikilocytes)

IN arabian foals an inherited T and B

Native UK breed "Fell Pony"- lymphocyte funtional abnormality (PK
Fell Pony anemia, Lung: bronchiolitis and peribronchiolitis with Inherited B cell deficiency- mutation) (SCID). X-linked SCID also
84 Pony immunodeficiency, adenoviral inclusions (No explanation of decreasing progressively- also has occurs in Basset Hounds and Corgi's
ganglionopathy ganglionopathy) anemia, ganglionopathy and (normal T cell numbers but they are non-
immunodeficiency responsive to mitogenic stimuli due to a
defect in the gamma chain of IL-2 receptor
Widened folia, Purkinje cells are rarely
Dysplastic recognized, normal granular cell layer is not
gangliocytoma apparent, spongiosis in white matter.
Cerebellum: Dysplastic gangliocytoma, or Resemble Lhermitte-Duclos
85 Horse (Lhermitte Duclos Border between molecular layer and
cerebellar dysplasia Disease (LDD) in humans
Disease, cerebellar granular layer is indiscernible. The
dysplasia) thickened granular layer contains cells with
clear nuclei and prominent nucleoli
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is
Possible causes- mutation of survival motor
Spinal Cord: Ventral motor neuron a LMN disease- neurofibrillary
Spinal muscular neuron gene (SMN), or persistence of
86 Ox degeneration, necrosis, loss with central accumulation involving the
atrophy apoptosis by mutation in gene for Neuronal
chromatolysis, satellitosis, and glial nodules neurons of the ventral horn and
Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein (NAIP)
brain stem.
edema and vacuolar change
Result of vascular stenosis induced by
affecting the folia. A central area
Cerebellum: Necrosis, focally extensive, with atherosclerotic lesions, dirofilaria migration,
87 Dog Infarction near the medulla is necrotic and
spheroids (infarction) hypercoaguable states associted with
small arteries near this lesion are
nephritic syndrome
affected by endothelial hyperplasia
DDX: CSF (Flavivirus), ASFV
(Asfarviridae), Porcine hemagglutinating
encephalomyelitis virus (HEV,
Coronavirus), Ontario encephalomyelitis
virus and Rabies (Rhabdovirus),
PEV (picorniviridae). Lymphocytic Pseudorabies (Herepes), Cocksakie virus
Porcine
Spinal cord: Myelitis, non-suppurative, and histiocytic cells in neuropil with B5 (Picornaviridae-Swine Vesic Dis),
88 Pig poliencephalomyelitis
multifocal with neuronal necrosis and radiculitis cuffing. Motor neurons are Porcine rubulavirus (Paramyxoviridae),
(Porcine Teschovirus)
degenerating PRRSV (Arteriviridae),
encephalomyocarditis virus
(Picornaviridae), Bacterial
meningoencephalitis (Strep suis,
Haemphilus parasuis, Salmonella
cholerasuis), Salt Poisoning
Ventriculus- Ventriculitis, necrotizing, Group 1 Adenovirus- Inclusion Group 2 Adenovirus- Turkey hemorrhagic
heterophilic and lymphohistiocytic with koilin body hepatitis, hydropericardium enteritis, and Marble Spleen Disease in
89 Chicken Avian adenovirus -1
degeneration and intraepithelial intranuclear syndrome, gizzard erosion, pheasants// Group 3 includes egg drop
inclusion bodies (Adenovirus) necrotizing pancreatitis syndrome in chickens
 Most ofetn associated with Periosteal proliferation of irregular and
Radius and ulna: Periosteal exostoses,
Hypertrophic intrathoracic disease. Diaphyseal anastomosing bony trabeculae causing
90 Raccoon circumferential, severe, with muscular atrophy
osteopathy regions of long bones affected, compression of the surrounding
and fibrosis
also phalanges, ribs, vertebrae musculature

Pathogenesis of HO- hypoxia-->

Skeletal muscle: Nematode larvae,
increased blood flow to periosteum-
intrasarcoplasmic (trichinella) and protozoal
-> osteogenesis. Cutting Vagus
cysts- Sarcocystis)
nerve cuases regression
Skin: Epidermal hyperplasia with
Animals may have abnormal skin Primarily infects the ventral parts of the
Batrachochytrium hyperkeratosis/ proliferative dermatitis with
91 Frog sloughing and ulceration. There is body; Three forms of Thalli- uninucleate,
dendrobatidis intraepidermal fungal organisms (phylum
minimal inflammation multinucleate, and zoosporangium
chytridiomycota)
Uronema is an uncommon free
living opportunistic ciliated
Skeletal muscle: Myositis, histiocytic, diffuse protozoan of marine fish that
Tetrahymena causes similar lesions in
92 Wolf Eel Uronema marinum with hemorrhage and numerous ciliated causes acute myodegeneration
freshwater fish
protozoa and myositis, ulcerative dermatitis
and occasionally meningitis and
encephalitis
Urinary bladder: cystitis, diffuse with urothelial
93 Rat Cystitis; Pyelonephritis
hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia
Uroliths develop from precipitation Proteus sp can split urea via urease leading
Kidney: Pyelonephritis with urothelial
of salts or other minerals and are to hyperammonuria and lowers the pH
hyperplasia, tubular ectasia, cell casts and
usually associated with an organic favoring calcium phosphate and struvite
intrapelvic coccobacilli
nidus uroliths
Nodular regenerative Liver: Nodular regenerative hyperplasia with
94 Rat rats were fed a toxin
hyperplasia bilary hypertrophy and periportal fibrosis
PDNS- Gross lesions- 1.5 to 4
motnsh old- skin has round
erythematous macules, papules,m
Porcine Dermatitis and Haired skin: Vasculitis, necrotizing and Histologically- necrotizing vascultis with
and plaques distributed over the
95 Pig Nephropathy syndrome suppurative diffuse, with multifocal dermal and infarction and necrosis from the submucosa
perineum and hind limbs ventral
(PCV-2) epidermal necrosis (infarcts) to the epidermis
thorax and abdomen and ear
margins; Kidneys have petechia
and are swollen and pale

Kidney: Glomerulitis, fibrinous and necrotizing,

suppurative, with multifocal vasculitis, PRRS may play a role as well ddx- skin lesions- Erysipelas
tubulointerstitial nephritis and proteinosis
2 tissue forms of Pneumocystis:
Lung: Granulomatous pneumonia with intra-
96 Mouse Pneumocystic carinii trophozoites and cysts containing
alveolar fungal cysts
sporozoites
Thymus: Hypoplasia/ lymphoid hypocellularity
 Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is an osteoid
producing mesenchymal neoplasm that
arises in soft tissue without primary bone or
periosteal lesions. Secondary changes in
97 Dog Osteosarcoma Eye: Osteosarcoma Primary tumor, with no metastasis the eye include- retinal detachment and
atrophy, pre-iridial fibrovascular membrane,
peripheral anterior synechia, corneal
edema, and vascularization, cataractous
change and hyphema

ddx; Acanthomoeba, Balamuthia Acanthamoeba and Balamutha can cause

Lung: Pyogranulomatous pneumonia,
98 Macaque Acanthomoeba sp mandrillaris, Naegleria sp, and encephalitis and pneumonia and have two
necrotizing with amebic trophozoites and cysts
Entamoeba histolytica tissue forms, trophozoites and cysts
Naegleria has 3 forms- trophozoit, Entamoeba histolytica infects the lower GI
Lung: Interstitial pneumonia, histiocytic diffuse
Pneumocystic carinii flagella, and cyst- CNS pathogen tract of humans, dogs, and cats (E
with intra-alveolar fungal cysts
in humans invadens in reptiles)
Microscopic criteria for dysplasia-
Kidney: Renal dysplasia characterized by fetal fetal glomeruli and tubules,
nephrons, primitve mesenchyme, persistent persistent mesenchyme, persistent
99 Dog Renal Dysplasia
metanephric duct and fibrosis ; also there is metanephric ducts, atypical tubular
pyelonephritis, suppurative with coccobacilli epithelium, and
osseous/cartilaginous metaplasia

Electron Micrograph- Bronchiolar ciliated and
non-ciliated respiratory epithelium;
Cowpox virus
100 Mouse degeneration with intracytoplasmic viral
(orthopox)
inclusions and extracellular fibrin and cellular
debris
Pox- double stranded DNA viruses; Cowpox
(Orthopoxvirus genus) (used by Jenner as
Small pox vaccine, now we use vaccinia)
Absent the classic dumbell shaped
virion; A and B type Cowpox A-Type inclusions- Round moderately
inclusions and confused them for dense, coarsely granular intracytoplasmic
reticulate and intermediate bodies inclusions
of Chlamydophila sp
B-Type- Within A type inclusions- coarsesly
granular, less dense, representing viral
nucleoprotein with developing crescents of
membranes
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx Gross Histo
2000-2001
Small Intestine:
Lymphangiectasia with Soft Coated Wheaton Terrier is
thin with thin haircoat, abdominal fluid,
Protein Losing granulomatous predisposed to PLE and PLN. This
1 1 Dog serosal surface of intestine had dilated
enteropathy lymphangitis, and crypt dog had hypoproteinemia and DIC;
lymphatics
ectasia with neutrophilic and Lymphatic dilation with inflammation
histiocytic inflammation
Acid fast stains showed curved rods,
Mycobacteria were cultured
Cat (no tissue on Mycobacterium Skin: Dermatitis and firm alopecic partly ulcerated
2 (tuberculosis); Cord factor and Wax D
slide) tuberculosis panniculits, granulomatous intracutaneous nodules
contribute to hosts granulomatous
response;
Enzootic Abortion in Ewes; focally
extensive loss of trophoblast ,ayer
replaced by nuclear and cell debris,
Chlamydia Chorioallantois: Placentitis, Cheeselike debris, thickening of
fibrinoid necrosis of superficial
3 Sheep (chlamydophila) necrotizing with severe cotyledons, edema of intercotyledonary
arterioles with perivascular leukocytes,
pecorum vascultiis areas
in the tunica media were neutrophils,
and fibrin thrombi in the lumens.
Vasculitis is diagnostic for Chlamydia

Pathogenesis: Enteri digestive tract or

respiratory tract, organisms spread
hematogenously to the placenta.
Organisms traverse capillary walls of
maternal placenta and enter
extravasated blood in lacunae.
Chlamydia infect syncytiotrophoblasts
forming colonies of elementary bodies
in cytoplasmic vacuoles. They also
replicate in the endometrial epithelium.
Within endosome bound inclusion
bodes that fail to fuse with host
lysosomes, elementary bodies
transform to reticulate bodies and
multiply and rely on host cell
mitochondria.

Skeletal muscle and tongue:
Myodegeneration and
4 Horse Nutritional myopathy
necrosis with mineralization
and histiocytic myositis
Large Artery: Vasculitis,
necrotizing, with chronic Yellow discoloration of subcutaneous
Equine Viral Arteritis
2 5 Horse fibrosing perivascular and and mesenteric fat, yellow brown fluid
(arterivirus)
perineurial inflammation and
edema
Ovary and Mesovarium:
6 Macaque Endometriosis Endometriosis, multifocal,
with paraovarian cysts
Lung: Bronchointerstitial
pneumonia,
necrosuppurative, and
7 Pig PCV-2/PRRS histiocytic with
intrahistiocytic amphophilic
to basophilic
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Kidney: Acute tubular
Acute tubular necrosis/ necrosis, with regeneration,
8 Cat vacuolated. Basement membranes are
Easter lilly tubular protein and granular
casts
Haired skin: Atypical
mesenchymal proliferation
Leporipoxvirus(Poxviridae)related to Oryctolagua spp- rare in hares (Lepus)-
Shope fibroma/ with eosinophilic
3 9 Rabbit
Leporipoxvirus intracytoplasmic inclusion
bodies and heterophilic
inflammation
White muscle disease, Vitamin E and
Selenium deficiency (nutritional
myopathy). Electrolye abnormalities-
Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia,
hyponatremia, hypocalcemia;
Myoglobinuria can be differentiated
from hemoglobinuria by the addition of
saturated ammonium sulfate, which
pale, gritty with chalky appearance will precipitate and remove the color
caused by hemoglobin but not
myoglobin ; Comparative Path:
Mulberry heart dz; Hepatosis dietetica,
hemolytic anemia in pigs, Steatitis
(yellow fat disease) in cats horses and
pigs, exudative diathesis with
cerebellar hemorrhage in poultry,
intestinal lipofuscinosis in dogs
Necrotizinf vasculitis--> increased
vascular permeability; Respiratory
replication and alveolar macrophages --
> lymph nodes, endothelial replication,
in abdomen, fibrin, ecchymoses
systemic distribution--> necrosis of
tunica media
DDX: EHV-1, African Horse Sickness
Abortion--> decrease blood flow,
(Orbivirus), Paramyxovirus (Hendra),
vascular constriction,
Getah virus
Lesions consist of both glands and Ectopic endometrial tissue responds to
stroma. May be seen in the uterine cyclic hormonal stimulation and can
serosa and adjacent pelvic structures, bleed and cause fibrous adhesions
urinary bladder, lymph nodes, liver and making it hard to distinguish from
lung retroperitoneal fibromatosis
other lesions- lymphoid depletion and
Alveoli filled with macrophages and
granulomatous lymphadenitis; PRRS
neutrophils. Airways surrounded by
(Arterivirus) and PCV-2. PMWS is
lymphocytes and eosinophils
found in younf pigs.
nuclei are pyknotic, cytoplasm is
intact. Easter lilly Toxicity
causes fibromas in Sylvilagus and
myxomatosis virus and to hare and mechanical transmission by biting
squirrel fibroma viruses arthropods. Cell mediated immunity
causes regression
 Heart: Epicarditis and
subepicardial myocarditis,
Haemophilus parasuis Polyserositis and DDX: Mycoplasma hyorhinis,
10 Pig fibrinous and necrotizing
(Glasser's) meningoencephalomyelitis. Streptococcus suis type II
//Lung: fibrinous and
necrotizing pleuritis
Kidney: Amyloidosis,
generalized, glomerular and
amyloidosis with aortic thrombosis. Nephrotic syndrome-
multifocal medullary//
Renal amyloidosis/ Usually AA amyloid, indiopathic from Hypoproteinemia,
11 Dog Nephritis, interstitial,
Aortic thrombosis SAA. Proteinuria leads to coagulative hypercholesterolemia,
lymphoplasmacytic with
disorders. hypoalbuminemia,
tubular mineralization//
Aterial thrombosis, fibrosis
Uterus: Adenocarcinoma of
Uterine Common in cats, progestin may be a
12 Cat endometrium// Endometritis,
adenocarcinoma factor
suppurative, multifocal

Leiomyosarcoma range from strap like

ddx of nests and cords: musce cells to rounded anaplastic
4 13 Macaque Leiomyosarcoma Leiomyosarcoma, epithelioid neuroendocrine carcinoma, cells. The presence of binucleate
endometrial carcinoma cells, nuclear folding, and vacuolation
of cells hints a smooth muscle origin.
lesions: fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis,
Spleen: Necrosis, infarct Salmonella uses fibriae and pilar
button ulcers, interstitial pneumonia,
14 Pig Salmonella cholerasuis with intrlesional bacilli and adhesins to enter M cells and survives
hepatic necrosis or granulomas
necrotizing vasculitis in macrophages
(paratyphoid nodules) septicemia
Lung: Bronchointerstitial
pneumonia, necrotizing, and
fibrinous, with eosinophilic
FHV-1/ Mycoplasma
15 Cat intranuclear inclusions and Alpha-herpesvirus is primarily cytolytic BHV-1 (IBR), EHV-4, GHV-1 (ILT)
felis
rare syncytia and
perivascular lymphocytic
inflammation
Haired skin: Proliferative
and hyperkeratotic
strong Type 1 hypersensitivity-
Sarcoptes scabei var dermatitis, eosinophilic and
16 Red Fox vasoactive amines, complement
canis neutrophilic with intracorneal
activation, eosinophils
acarids, cocci and yeast
(Sarcoptes)
Lung: Necrotizing
replicates in monocytes but destroyed spread by flea bites or inhaled or
5 17 Llama Yersinia pestis pneumonia, embolic with
by neutrophils swallowed directly
bacterial bacilli
Kidney: fibrosis, interstitial,
multifocal, mild with tubular Spontaneous disease of guinea pigs may be arteriosclerosis and
Nephrosclerosis with
18 Guniea pig dilation, proteinosis, and causing bilaterally irregular and pitted proliferative endarteritis: Am J Pathol.
mineralization
lymphoplasmacytic kidneys 1970 July; 60(1): 103118.
interstitial nephritis

Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, DIC: Large colony bacteria= Yersinia,
19 Pig Actinobacillis suis
embolic, with bacterial bacilli
Lung: Pyogranulomatous
Blastomyces
20 Cat pneumonia with budding
dermatitidis
yeast
DDX: Histiocytoma,Merkel
6 21 Dog Plasma cell tumor
cell tumor
Haired Skin: Dermatitis and require disruption of mucosal barriers;
panniculitis,
22 Cat Actinomyces viscosus pyogranulomatous, with
colonies of filamentous
bacteria (sulfur granules) phagocytosis and bactericidal activity
Haired skin: Panniculitis,
necrotizing, suppurative and
Pansteatitis (yellow fat
23 Cat histiocytic with focal
dz)
intrahistiocytic yellow
pigment
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
necrotizing, subacute, with
epidermal hyperplasia,
24 Cat Toxoplasma gondii subbasilar clefts, epidermal
degeneration, necrosis, and
intracellular and
extracellular tachyzoites
Spleen: Splenitis, histiocytic
with plasmacytosis,
7 25 Dog Leishmaniasis, visceral
lymphoid hyperplasia and
intrahistiocytic amastigotes
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
xanthogranulomatous, with
26 Mouse Xanthoma
acanthosis, hyperkeratosis
and ulceration
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
necrotizing and suppurative,
27 Rabbit Pasteurella multocida
with pleuritis and numerous
bacilli
Septicemia, vasculitis, thrombosis,
PTAH showed intravascular fibrin DDX: Salmonella cholerasuis,
strands and clumps consistent with Erysipelothrix, Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae, Leptospira
Actinomyces, Actinobacillus, pomona, Haemophilus parasuis,
Arcanobacterium, Corynebacterium, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, E coli, Strep
Clostridium, Staphylococcus, suis
Streptococcus
hypercalcemia due to granulomatous
Wi-1-adhesion protein upregulated in inflammation--> metabolism of 25-
yeast hydroxycholecalciferol --> 1,25
Dihydroxycholecalciferol
IHC for Immunoglobulin positive =
Plasma cell tumor
Fimbriae bind to specific cell surface Neutrophil chemotaxis, macrophage
receptors on other bacteria create a activation, and B lymphocyte
complex that inhibits neutrophil hyperplasia
Gross the SQ fat is firm and yellow diet high in unsaturated fatty acids and
brown due to ceroid pigment deficient in Vit E
Protozoa zoites are 1-2 um wide and 2-
6 um long- with pyogranulomatous
inflammation
cutaneous lesions- alopecia, pruritis//
Membranoproliferative
DDX- cytology- Sporothrix,
glomerulonephritis// Splenomagaly,
histoplsmosis
hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy,
intestinal ulceration
Apolipoprotein E deficient mouse//
Watanabe rabbits have a heritable
hyperlipidemic disorder and
hyperchlesterolemia (Defect in LDL
receptor)
Strain virulence is the major
pneumonic ands septicemic disease ic
determinant of disease. Mucoid strains
aused by serogroup A > D
are better able to colonize
 airborne transmission, infects
Lung: Bronchopneumonia, respiratory epithelium, loss of goblet
Infectious
necrotizing, heterophilic and cells, and cilis, submucosal edema,
laryngotracheitis
28 Chicken lymphohistiocytic, with syncytial cells, and lymphocytes,
(Alphaherpesvirus-
syncytia and eosinophilic plasma cells, and macrophages
Gallid Herpes 1)
intranuclear inclusions infiltrate, then cytolytic destruction of
and desquamation
2-6 um intracellular, extracytoplasmic
Stomach: Mucosal neck
location within parasiophorus vacuoles
epithelial cell hyperplasia
containing trophozoites which
and hypertrophy with
8 29 Boa Cryptosporidiosis proliferate asexually by merogeny, then
edema, granular cell loss,
sexually by gametogeny. Zygotes
superficial protozoal
produce sporulated oocysts with 4
organisms
sporozoites.

characteristics- cellular atypia, mitotic

ddx: actinic keratosis
Squamous cell figures more than 3 cell layers above
(clinical presentation is 25% invade, but no metastasis, some
30 Cat carcinoma in situ, the basal cell layer, dyskeratotic
different- pale skin only, less have Papillomavirus antigen
multicentric keratinocytes, disorderly maturation of
haired areas)
the epidermis

Feline fibropapilloma Haired skin: Fibropapilloma,

31 Cat BPV-1
(sarcoid) feline sarcoid
large polygonal cells with eosinophilic
Rhabdoid tumor, Eye: Malignant Rhabdoid cytoplasm. Paranuclear globular Vim+, Cyt+/-, GFAP +/-, Neg for Demin
32 Horse
malignant tumor inclusions composed of intermediate and SMA
filaments
Kidney: Histiocytic sarcoma liver of males, and uteri of females.
9 33 Mouse Histiocytic sarcoma with tubular epithelial cell Mac-2 +, Lysozyme +///
hyaline droplets erythrophagocytosis, MNGC
Tubular hyaline droplet may be causes by release
nephrosis of lysozyme
Lung: Malignant neoplasm,
Mammary carcinoma, Tamoxifen- antagonist of estrogen
34 Rat perivascular and subpleural
metastatic receptor in mammary gland
SD rat
radiation induced endothelial injury -->
protein rich exudate and expansion of
Lung: Fibrosis, interstitial,
alveolar septae. Fibrin strands and
with type II pneumocyte
Radiation induced I would have called this histiocytic lsoughed epithelium form hyaline
35 Rhesus hyperplasia, alveolar
pulmonary fibrosis pneumonia membranes and are eventually
histiocytosis, and multifocal
replaced by collagen (fibrosis).
multinucleate cells
Irradiation causes depression in local
tissue plasminogen activator levels.
 Haired skin: Dermatitis,
orthopoxviruses infect a lot of species.
proliferative and necrotizing
Proliferation is due to viral gene
with balooning degeneration
36 Alpaca Orthopoxviral dermatitis product homologous to EGF. VI
and numerous epithelial
serology, EM required to differentiate
intracytoplasmic inclusion
closely related orthopaoxviruses.
bodies

Sporangia- (mature) up to 300 um and

contain manu 2-10um endospores;;;
DRIPS clade: Aquatic protists Endospores are released and develop
Nasal Mucosa:
parasites. Dermocystidium, The into trophocytes (up tto 100 um) with a
10 37 Horse Rhinosporidium seeberi Inflammatory Polyp with
Rosette Agent, Ichthyophonus, and single nucleus and prominent
sporangia and tophocytes
Psorospermium nucleolus::::Prototheca, Chlorella, and
Coccidioides also reproduce by
endosporulation
Severe loss of hepatocytes is thought
Affects rabbits of the Orytolagus genus
to lead to DIC. (large release of
(not Cottontails Sylvilagus) ot Lepus
Liver: Hepatocellular thromboplastins). Hepatocellular death
Rabbit Calicivurus Genus////// Apoptotic cells- shrinkage,
dissociation, Necrosis, is by apoptosis (no significant
38 Rabbit (Rabbit Hemorrhagic chromatin margination, blebbing,
diffuse, to submassive with inflammation). Apoptosis has been
Disease) nuclear condensation, fragmentation.
apoptosis reported in macrophages, endothelium,
Detection of apoptosis by TUNEL and
monocytes, lymphoid organs, and
EM
heart
Lung: Hemorrhage,
multifocal with occasional
thrombi
necrosis, macrophages, neutrophils,
Herderian GlandL
and porphyrin pigment with evidence of
Sialodacryoadenitis Dacryoadenitis, necrotizing,
39 Rat regeneration. After 1 week of infection
virus (Rat Coronavirus) subacute, diffuse, severe
squamous metaplasia is
with squamous metaplasia
pathognomonic
Lung:
ddx: Strep pneumoniae, Legionella,
Bronchopneumonia,necrohe
Bordatella adhere to cilia, replicate and cause Pasteurella, Haemophilus influenza,
40 Monkey morhagic and
bronchiseptica stasis and host cell necrosis measles, simian varicella,
fibrinosuppurative with cilia
cytomegalovirus
associated coccobacilli
villus atrophy and edema,
Mycobacterium SI: Enteritis, granulomatous, malabsorption and filtration secrcetion,
11 41 Ox paratuberculosis diffuse, severe, with hypoproteinemia, aortic subintimal
(johnes) intrahistiocytic bacilli fibrosis and mineralization, ileocecal
lymphadenopathy, lymphangitis
Brain: Cerebral cortical
necrosis, laminar with
Water deprivation; Salt edema, and
42 Pig
toxicosis lymphoplasmacytic and
eosinophilic encephalitis
and mineralization

SI: Vasculitis, necrotizing,
Shiga toxin-2e E coli
43 Pig fibrinoid, multifocal,
(Edema disease)
moderate
Shiga toxin 1 and Shiga
toxin 2 are homologous to
Stx2e--> hemorrhagic colitis
and hemolytic uremic
syndrome in humans
Ovary and Mesentery:
Salmonella pullorum Oophoritis and egg yolk
44 Chicken
(pullorum disease) peritonitis, granulomatous
and heterophilic with bacilli
Lung: Pneumonia and
pleuritis, granulomatous,
fibrosing, diffuse, with
Angiostrongylus arteritis, thrombosis,
12 45 Dog
vasorum infarction, hemorrhage,
metastrongyle larvae and
eggs and few intravascular
adults
Liver: Hepatocyte vacuolar
46 Marmoset Hepatic lipidosis
change, lipid type, diffuse
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial,
are common findings with syncytia and
BRSV (pneumovirus, multifocal, with interlobular
47 Ox
paramyxoviridae) edema, epithelial syncytia,
eosinophilic intracytoplsmic
inclusions
Toxin binds to crypt enterocytes and is
F18 fimbriae and Shiga toxin 2 e, absormbed into blood, binds to
susceptibility is determined by the susceptible vasculature
presence of F18 receptors (coincides (fucosyltransferase). Receptors are
with weaning). vascular medial glycolipids (Gb4) expressed in many
necrosis, in brain stem, submucosa, GI organs affected by ST2e//// Stx2e
tract and mesocolon binds to both endothelium and media
or arterioles
ddx: Porcine herpesvirus-1
(pseudorabies), Salmonella
meningoencephalitis, Streptococcus
suis, Haemophilus parasuis, Salt
toxicosis, and PCV-2 lesions of
cerebellar hemorrhage
Joints and tendon sheath DDX:
chicks, quail, duck, pheasants, and
Mycoplasma synoviae,
guinea fowl. Transovarian
Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella
transmission, Gross lesions- sepsis,
multocida, Erysipelothrix
congestion, caseous yolk material,
rhusiopathiae:: Ovarian ddx: E coli,
white nodules in the lungs, fibrinous
Staph, Strep, P multocida, and other
pericarditis, swollen joints, hypopyon
salmonella
Adult worm causes proliferative Indirect life cycle- L1 coughed into
endarteritis, eggs and larvae cause pahrynx, excreted in feces--> slugs
capillary obstruction and damage and and snails--> L3--> dogs ingest L3 and
pneumonia, infarcts////pathogensis of they penetrate the alimientary tract
arteritis is not well understoof/// and go to LN --> L5 in LN--> migrate to
Pulmonary fibrosis and induration, right ventricle and pulmonary artery via
hydrothorax, hydropericardium, hepatic portal vein/// Recently also found in
stasis with ascites Canada
Fatal Fasting Syndrome- adult Old
World primate females, overweight with ddx: hepatic steatosis from
short period of anorexia leading to hypothyroidism, diabetes, toxemia///
death. Lipidosis in renal tubule This animal had gastric mucormycosis
epithelium as well
circulating antibodies are not
protective against infection.
Cytopathic effect in lung epithelium.
Can lead to bronchiolitis obliterans and
interstitial pneumonia, hyaline obstructive bronchiectasis. BRSV
membranes, alveoalr epithelialization activate cells can activate compliment--
> C3a and C5a and induce
inclusions pathognomonic///////DDX: bronchoconstriction, neutrophil
Parainfluenza 3 (paramyxovirus) also chemotaxis and mast cell activation -->
can cause syncytia and eosinophilic Histamine, PAF, LT/// C5 a activates
inclusions lipoxygenase pathway in neutrophils
and macrophages -->
bronchoconstriction and increased
vascular permeability (edema and
emphysema)

Heart: Pancarditis,
necrotizing,
48 Flamingo West Nile Virus
lymphoplasmacytic and
histiocytic, multifocal
Nephroblastoma
13 49 Trout (genetically Kidney: Nephroblastoma
predisposed)
Pancreas: Islet cell tumor
with amyloid, and atrophy,
Pancreatic Islet cell lobular exocrine atrophy with
50 Cat
tumor duct hyperplasia, peri-
pancreatic fat necrosis with
mineralization and steatitis
Colon: Colitis, eosinophilic
and granulomatous,
51 Horse Pythium insidiosum transmural, diffuse, with
granulation tissue and
hyphae
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
histiocytic and neutrophilic,
52 Capuchin Francisella tularensis diffuse, with type II
pneumocyte hyperplasia
and fibrinous pleuritis
3 forms in brids: visceral, muscular and
Skeletal muscle: Sarcocysts
14 53 Falcon Sarcocystis encephalitis with multifocal myofiber
likely possibility (Opossom is definitive
degeneration and necrosis
Brain: Encephalitis, endopolygeny- multiple zoites radiating
lymhoplasmacytic and
heterophilic, necrotizing with feature of some apicomplexans (not
gliosis and coccidia
Lung: Pneumonia,
fibrinonecrotic, chronic
Mycoplasma mycoides diffuse with peribronchiolar
54 Ox
mycoides SC lymphoid hyperplasia and
marked septal and avleolar
edema
Culex pipiens is vector: ddx: Exotic
Newcastle (Chckens and turkeys),
Flaviviridae arbovirus (Japanese
HPAI, EEE(arbovirus) (Emus highly
encephalitis complex)
sensitive), chickens, turkeys and emus
were not affected by WNV
large numbers of well developed renal in chickens nephroblastoma is induced
tubules with many primitive glomeruli by myoblastosis associated
and scattered mesenchymal tissue and retroviruses. Can invade the spinal
increased hematopoietic tissue cord in puppies)
can procude insulin, glucagon, or
gastrin (humans)- Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome- GI ulceration due to
extreme gastric acid secretion
"kunkers"- vascular sequestra or
Pythium is a protist. Infection of
necrotic cores; grossly resembles
zoospores occurs through invasion of
malignant edema, exhuberant
damaged tissue, penetrating wounds,
granulation tissue, sarcoid, severe
or ingestion of contaminated water
habronemiasis
Francisella tularensis biovar tularensis
(Type A) is significant in human
disease in NA
nervous// Sarcocystis falculata is a
host)
off a central organisms- distinctive
Toxoplasma)
carbohydrate galactan- similar effects
to endotoxins; ddx; acute
mannheimiosis, Pasteurella multocida
gross lesions- marbling, pleuritis,
types B and E (hemorrhagic
interlobular fibrinous edema
septicemia);; Chronic disease-
Actinobacillosi, echinococcus cysts,
foreign bodt, fungal pneumonia
 Haired skin: dermatitis,
lmyphohistiocytic and
neutrophilic, with epidermal
and follicular epithelial
Squirrel Poxvirus genus includes shope fibroma, and
55 Squirrel hyperplasia, dermal
(leporipoxvirus) myxoma virus or rabbits
mesenchymal cell
proliferation, epithelial
balooning degeneration,
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Kidney: Tubular dilatation
with interstitial
mesenchymal proliferation,
epithelial balooning
degeneration, and epithelial
and mesenchymal
inclusions
basaloid is an apt description- papillary
Esophagus, adjacent to the surface colonization by yeast 3-6 um),
Squamous cell infiltrative, transmural, prominent basal
56 conure proventriculus: Squamous pseudohyphae, and puaci-septate
carcinoma cell component and papillary
cell carcinoma hyphae (3-5 um) (Candida)
hyperkeratosis
Retroviridae, Alpharetrovirus, Avian
spindle cell sarcoma, Spleen: Spindle cell bundles of spindle cells with abundant
15 57 Chicken type C retrovirus (Avian Leukosis virus,
Avian retrovirus sarcoma cytoplasm and collagen fibers
and Avian sarcoma virus)
Heart, small intestine,
kidney: Eosinophilic
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranous, global, frequent change in broilers without
multifocal, with minimal retroviruses
interstitial fibrosis
Small intestine: Necrosis,
lecithinase (Alpha toxin)- hemolytic and
Clostridium perfringens villar, diffuse, with focal
58 Dog cytotoxic: Enterotoxin is released upon
A hemorrhage and numerous
lysis of sporulating cells
surfcae adherent bacilli
Multisystemic granulomatous
Haired skin: dermatitis and inflammation (systemic granulomatous
panniculitis, granulomatous, disease of horses) or equine
Vicia bengelensis (Hairy
59 Horse diffuse, with ulceration, sarcoidosis. Similar disease has been
vetch)
hyperkeratosis, and attributed to ingestion of citrus pulp. In
intracorneal microabscesses cattle there is often a prominent
eosinophilic component
Liver: Degeneration,
hepatocellular, diffuse,
anemia, depigmentation,
moderate with lipid type this was an experimental study--> fatty
copper deficiency and achromotrichia, osteoporosis,
60 Goat vacuolar change, bridging liver necrosis, bridging portal fibrosis,
Molybdenosis malformed growth plates, liver
portal fibrosis, biliary bile duct proliferation
changes, demyelination, gi ulcers
hyperplasia, and granular
golden brown pigment
 Colon: tunica muscularis
Schistosoma is usually an incidental
and submucosa, usually asymptomatic; gross lesions
finding; High tissue eosinophilis and
Schistosoma mansoni granulomas with include serosal granulomas in colon
16 61 Baboon MNGC are typical in man and baboon;
and Oesophagostomum hemorrhage, hemosiderin, and cecum and mesentery, may cause
Antibody and Th1, Th2, cytokines help
hematoidin and few peritonitis
resist infection
nematode parasites
Colon: Colitis,
granulomatous, multifocal
with schistosome eggs
Lung: Granulomas, caseous
Mycobacterium and epithelioid, multifocal M bovis and M tuberculosis have not
62 Elephant
tuberculosis with granulomatous yet been reported in USA elephants
ulcerative bronchiolitis

Myxosporan-2 host life cycle, infective

Hoferellus carassi Trunk Kidney: Tubular
Early stages of trophozoites in renal stage develops in oligocete worm
(kidney enlargement hypertrophy and epithelial
epithelium have been shown to induce (annelid)--> release actinosporea
63 goldfish disease, Polycystic hyperplasia, diffuse with
tubular hypertrophy and epithelial forming an aurantiactinomyxon spore--
kidney disease, kidney apical cytoplasmic protozoa
hyperplasia > infect goldfish kidney, trophozoites
bloater) and few granulomas
develop in the renal epithelium

Tongue: Glossitis,
necrotizing and ulcerative,
focally extensive with
Herpesviral, necrotizing
64 Tortoise epithelial eosinophilic usually involve the oral cavity
glossitis (alpha)
intranuclear inclusion
bodies, syncytia, and
superficial bacterial colonies

osteoclastic dysfunction- lack of

hydrolytic enzymes or their secretion
local mediators of resorption include IL-
Bone, metaphysis: into the bone interface, defects in the
1, IL-3, IL-6, IL-11 and GM-CSF.
17 65 Ox Osteosclerosis BVD Osteosclerosis, multifocal ruffled brush border or its bony
BVDV is known to induce production
with retained cartilage cores attachment or interface with stem cell
of soluble IL-1 inhibitor
differentiation, interference with matrix
mineralization or osteoclast binding
Haired skin and Phalanx-
Metastatic pulmonary Adenocarcinoma with cilia PAS positive cells differentiate from
66 Cat
adenocarcinoma and goblet cell SCC
differentiation
Bone: Osteopenia of Vit D required for intestinal absorption
compact bone, diffuse with of calcium and regulation of calcium
endosteal and myxoid and phosphorus balance. Requires
67 Lizard fibrous osteodystrophy
fibrosis, periosteal sunlight UVB (290-315 nm) Dietary
osteocartilaginous supplement alone is inadequate. Skin
proliferation temperature is important.

Synovium: hyperplasia,
Synovial diffuse with mutifocal
68 Dog
chondromatosis nodular cartilaginous
metaplasia
Small Intestine: Enteritis,
proliferative, histiocytic, and
neutrophilic, moderate with
villar blunting and fusion,
18 69 Horse Lawsonia intracellularis
crypt abscesses and
numerous intraepithelial
argyrophilic curved bacilli
(Lawsonia)
Stratified squamous
epithelium (Skin)-
Granulomatous dermatitis
70 Gazelle chlorella dermatitis
with granulation tissue and
numerous endosporulating
algae
Liver: Hepatocellular
Peroxisomal
hypertrophy with marked
71 Rat hypertrophy and
peroxisomal proliferation
proliferation (EM)
and hypertrophy
Oral mucosa: Malignant
Malignant melanoma
72 Dog melanoma with reactive
with reactive bone
bone
Liver: Histiocytosis, diffuse
with lipid vacuolation and
19 73 Dog Lipid storage disease
cholesterol clefts, necrosis,
and mineralization
Spleen: Histiocytosis,
diffuse with lipid vacuolation
and cholesterol clefts
Synovial chondroid metaplasia or
synovial chondromatosis- chondral or
osteochrondral nodule formation in
synovial tissue and may form joint
mice. This happens without any
inflammation but may contribute to
degenerative joint disease
Entry of bacteria into cells is an active
Some coccidosis and foreign body
abscess; Lawsonia lesions are
dependent on a particular mix fo
intestinal microflora.
8-43 um, EM showed cholorplasts,
Chlorella contain Pas positive granules
ddx: Prototheca
Granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and
loss of cytoplasmic basophilia,
increase dmitoses, increased
binucelate cells and karyomegaly, foci
of necrosis with hemorrhage
a peripheral highly cellular periosteum-
like zone surrounds well formed
catilage and bony trabeculae lined by
numerous osteoblasts
Lipid containing macrophages in
tissues- liver, spleen, lymph nodes, villi-
Lipid shows birefringence
primary is less common, secondary
synovial chondromatosis occurs after
traumatic degenerative or
inflammatory joint diseases.
process of uptake through the cell
membrane into endocytic vacuoles,
The bacteria then release from the
vacuoles and replicate in the
cytoplasm
Other ddx: Rhinosporidium,
Coccidioides
Ultrastructurally- 2-3 times the size,
increased number of peroxisomes (0.5-
3 um) elongated and fill the cytoplasm.
ER is dilated and contains scant
osmophilic (Proteinaceous) material
TGF-B are known to induce
chondrogenic or osteogenic
expression in mesenchymal cells:
Osteomas are solitary benign tumors
on the head that blend with underlying
bone and are composed of essentially
normal mature well differentiated bone
typically formed by intramembranous
ossification
Canine lipid storage disesae of fox
terriers- lipid stored in lysosomes, in
humans there is an inherited enzyme
dieficiency.
 Odontogenic tumors in Tg.AC mice is
expansile unencapsulated mass that
35%. They come in three patterns- 1)
invades teeth and bone. Long
Primarily mesenchymal cells in a
anastomosing chords (2 cells thick)
dense fibrous -like matrix, 2) loose
Mandible, orla mucosa, and and thin ribbons of cuboidal epithelial
stroma surrounded by anastomosing
74 Mouse Odontogenic tumor subepithelial connective cells, closely associated with loose
cords of epithelial cells with squamous
tissue: Odontogenic tumor undifferentiated stroma. Epithelium is
differentiation, 3) Odontomas forming
pallisading and sometimes show
mineralized tooth structures by well
squamous differentitation. Remnant
differentiated odontoblasts and
islands of bone and tooth are present.
ameloblasts.
Kainic acid is isolated from the
seaweed Digenea simplex. Structurally Lesions typically found in CA1 and
Cerebral cortex: Occipital
related to domoic acid, it can cross the CA3 of hippocampus, amygdala,
Kainic acid induced and pyriform lobes,
75 Rat blood brain barrier causing neuronal septum, entorhinal cortex, medial
neuronal necrosis hippocampus, Neuronal
cell death. Damage approximates thalamus, pyriform cortes, and midline
necrosis, multifocal
temporal lobe siezures and Alzheimers hypothalamus.
disease.
Adenomas- cytologic atypia and lack
adenoma; Multiple Polyps- well formed glands and crypts,
Small Intestine: Adenomas, of differentiation characterize
76 Mouse intestinal neoplasia most of which show differentiation into
multiple adenomas/ Carcinoma- anaplasia plus
mutation (Min) mature goblet or absorptive cells
invasion
Min mouse is model for APC mutations result in increased B
Familial Adenomatous catenin in epithelial cells inducing
Polyposis (FAP)- an intestinal epithelial cell hyperplasia and
inherited AD gene- APC a inhibit migration of these cells out of th
tumor suppressor gene crypts
Lung: Pneumonia,
Cryptococcus granulomatous, multifocal,
20 77 Porpoise
neoformans moderate with numerous
encapsulated yeast

Lung: Bronchiolitis,
cetacean lungs- cartilage rings down
granulomatous and thick mucoid capsule is thought to
to terminal airways (aid in re-inflation
eosinophilic, focal, moderate interfere with antigen presentation and
after deep dives), Capillaries present
with bronchiectasis and causes lack of immune response
on both sides of alveolar septae
intraluminal metastrongyles

Spleen: Splenitis, histiocytic, Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,

Erysipelothrix diffuse, with numerous histiocytic, diffuse, with numerous
78 Pheasant
rhusiopathiae intrahistiocytic bacilli and intrahistiocytic and intramonocytic
lymphoid depletion bacilli

Heart: Coronary Arteries,
Atherosclerosis, moderate
with intimal foam cells,
79 Walrus Atherosclerosis
cholesterol clefts, fibrosis,
mineralization, and luminal
attenuation
reaction to injury hypothesis-proposes
endothelial injury, cause dby
hyperlipidemia, initiates a cascade of
increased endothelial permeability,
intimal lipid accumulation, platelet and
Heart: Myocardium, Replacement monocytic adhesion, migration of
fibrosis, multifocally extensive smooth muscle cells into the intima,
smooth muscle proliferation, synthesis
of extracellular matrix components,
and accumulation of lipid in
macrophages and smooth muscle
cells and extracellularly

Stratified squamous
epithelium overlying fibrous
AL type amyloid is derived from plasma
Plasmacytoma with connective tissue and
80 Cat cells and contains abundant Ig Light
amyloid skeletal muscle (gingiva per
chain
contributor) Plasmacytoma
with amyloid
Mammary Gland: Mastitis,
Coliform mastitis- severe, acute post
necrotizing, acute, diffuse
calving, and dry off infection.
21 81 Ox E coli mastitis with interlobular edema,
Envoronmental contaminants enter the
necrotizing lymphangitis,
relaxed teat sphincter.
and intra-alveolar bacteria
Large Intestine: Vasculitis,
necrotizing, acute diffuse, Deer adenovirus has tropism for
secondary oral and ruminal abscesses
Adenoviral hemorrhagic moderate with endothelial endothelial cells- ulceration of mouth,
82 Moose with Fusobacterium and
disease basophilic intranuclear forestomachs, pulmonary edema and
Arcanobacterium
inclusions, hemorrhage, and hemorrhage
edema
Lung: Vasculitis, necrotizing,
acute, diffuse, with
interstitial edema, Adenoviral Hemorrhagic Disease- ddx- bluetongue, Jabaraki, EHD
hemorrhage rare fibrin Closely related to Bovine Adenovirus -3 (orbivirus)
thrombi and basophilic
inclusions
Buccal mucosa, salivary
Systemic necrobacillosis, often isolated
glands, haired skin:
with Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Initial
Stomatitis, necrotizing,
Fusobacterium cases with draining foot lesions
83 Antelope focally extensive, severe,
necrophorum contaminated ground water, and minor
with mineralization, and
lesions in the mouth allowed
myriad filamentous bacilli,
colonization
and colonies of cocci
Rumen: Rumenitis,
necrotizing, acute, focally
extensive, severe, with
myriad filamentous bacteria
 Chorioallantois: hyperplasia, allantois is normally nonglandular and
Cystic adenomatous adenomatous and cysticm nonsecretory. The proliferative lesion
84 Horse
allantoic hyperplasia allantoic, multifocal with may be secondary to chronic placental
inflammation disorders.

Chorioallantois:
Allantochorionitis
(placentitis), necrotizing with
many filamentous bacteria
Chorioallantois: Placentitis,
ddx: Chlamyidophila abortus, and Animals get infected through Coxiella-
cotyledonary and
Brucella, spp Coxiella is a member of containing feces of ticks. Infectioin in
Coxiella burnetti intercotyledonary.
22 85 Sheep Rickettsiaceae. Q fever in humans is the flock spreads by aerosol or eating
placentitis Necrotizing, subacute, with
characterized by atypical pneumonia, placentas. Sheeo cattle and goats are
vasculitis and myriad
fever, hepatitis reservoirs.
intracellular bacteria
Rickettsiae are small Brucella ovis and C. abortus does not
coccoid to bacilli shaped affect intercotyledonary areas and
organisms placentome
Lung: Pneumonia, Peste Dea Petit ruminants/ Rinderpest
bronchointerstitial, with type (cattle)- morbiliivirus- Oral erosions,
Peste de petit ruminants II pneumocyte hyperplasia, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dehydration,
86 Goat
(Morbillivirus) syncytial cells, intranuclear and death. Rinderpest usually does
and intracytoplasmic not progress to pneumonia, but PPR
eosinophilic inclusions does
Lymph node: Hemorrhage, Flaviviridae, pestivirus- may appear
Classical Swine Fever medullary with similar to African Swine Fever, widespread vasculopathy leading to
87 Pig
(Pestivirus) erythrophagocytosis and erysipelas, and septicemic hemorrhage and infarctions
hemosiderosis salmonellosis
Lymph node: Lymphoid
depletion
Cerebrum and meninges:
MCF viruses: WTD-MCF virus
Ovine Herpes virus-2 Vasculitis, lymphocytic,
88 Pig (gammaherpes), OHV-2, AHV-1, CpHV-
(MCF) diffuse, mild to moderate
2
with perivascular edema
Haired skin: Dermatitis, H capsulatum var capsulatum is 2-4
African large form histoplasmosis- H.
granulomatous, nodular, um, Coccidioides is smaller than
capsulatum var duboisii. Natural
Histoplasma multifocal and coalescing, duboisii, Coccidioides is 5-25 um
23 89 Baboon infection reported in baboons and
capsulatum var duboisii with ulceration, epidermal spherules, Blastomyces is similar in
humans. 8-15 um diameter with thick
hyperplasia, and numerous size and shape but has broad based
walls and single narrow based buds
intrahistiocytic yeast budding and lack of chain formation
 Ruminants- negri bodies found most
consistently in purkinje cells/
Carnivores- hippocampal cells/ Initial
Spinal cord: Myelitis, non furious vs paralytic form-
replication is in muscle then
suppurative, multifocal with Polioencephalomyelitis and
transmission to motor neuron
perivascular hemorrhage, ganglioneuritis, non-suppurative.
90 Ox Rabies synapses, and retrograde axoplasmic
and neuronal eosinophilic Negri bodies are round 2-8 um they
flow to the CNS. Then there is
intracytoplasmic inclusion may contain internal basophilic
centrifugal spread to the peripheral
bodies stippling and and peripheral halo.
nerves and salivary glands. The virus
replicates in the acinar epithelium and
buds into the lumen.
Gross ddx: Caseous lymphadenitis
Liver: Granulomas with
(Corynebacterium ovis). Opportunistic
intrahistiocytic coccobacilli,
pathogen, ubiquitous. Goats can be
91 Goat Rhodococcus equi portal hepatitis,
infected with innocuous strains lacking
lymphoplasmcytic with
VapA. Goats may be inherently
biliary hyperplasia
susceptible
Trabeculat bone, epithelial
lined spaces, connective
M bovis- Mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis,
tissue and stratified
Auditory bulla- Severe chronic synovitis and genital infections, otitis
92 Ox Mycoplasma bovis squamous epithelium:
suppurative otitis media media similar to pigs with Mycoplasma
Necrosis and inflammation,
hyorhinis
suppurative with ractive
bone formation
Cerebellum and brain stem:
Autolytic changes resulted in DDx: Familial lower motor neuron
Neuronal vacuolar Neuronal vacuolation and
24 93 Dog vacuolation surrounding Purkinje cells; disease, neuroaxonal dystrophy,
degeneration degeneration, multifocal,
DDX- metabolic storage disease leukoencephalomyelopathy
moderate
Rosenthal fibers tend to accumulate
Cerebellum: beneath the pia mater, around blood
thought to represent a chronic
Encephalopathy with Encephalopathy with vessels, and ependyma of both grey
94 Deer metabolic stress response to unknown
rosenthal fibers numerous Rosenthal fibers and white matter. Composed of Alpha
deleterious stimuli
and demyelination B- crystallin (related to Heat shock
protein)
Proliferative disease of microglia or
macroglia cells. Regarded as
neoplastic, diffuse, insidious growth . gliomatosis cerebri blends with
Cerebellum and brainstem: Can be perivascular. Microglia are a surrounding neuropil, and may be
95 Dog Gliomatosis cerebri
Gliomatosis cerebri constituent part of the phagocytic and detected only by subtle enlargement of
immunocomponenet system of the the infiltrated stuctures
CNS and are believed to originate from
bone marrow derived macrophages.
 Progressive loss of purkinje cells with In utero infections with Parvovirus,
decrease in overall mass is hallmark of BVD, CSF and toxins may result of
Cerebellum: Purkinje cell
cerebellar cortical abiotrophy. cerebellar hypoplasia by producing
degeneration and loss of
Because of the nutritive synaptic link of degeneration and necrosis of germinal
Cerebellar cortical purkinje cells with
96 Dog Purkinje cells with granular cell cells which histologically results in
abiotrophy secondary granular cell loss
neurons loss of purkinje cells results in disorganization of Purkinje cells and
and molecular layer atrophy
reduction og granule neurons. When disruption of normal architecture.
(cortical abiotrophy)
severe there is atrophy of the Cerebellar abiotrophy affects the
molecular layer cerebellum after it has developed fully.
Urinary bladder: Ulceration,
diffuse, with mucosal Other lesions: myocardial degeneration
25 97 Horse Cantharidin cystitis
fibroplasia and and necrosis
neovascularization
StomachL Epithelial
degeneration, necrosis and
loss with subacute gastritis

Large Intestine: Colitis,

subacute, diffuse, moderate, Hepatomegaly with multifocal random
with crypt epithelial necrosis. Bacteria can be seen in
98 Hamster Clostridium piliforme
hyperplasia, goblet cell loss, hepatocytes, myocardium and
and intraepithelial intestinal epithelium
filamentous bacilli
Fibrovascular tissue: cyst is lined by keratinized squamous
Ectopic thyroid gland and epithelium similar to oropharyngeal
ddx: Pharyngeal puch cysts,
squamous epithelial lined epithelium. The cyst wall contains
parathyroid cysts, branchial cysts,
99 Sheep Thyroglossal duct cyst cyst (thyroglossal duct cyst) numerous primitive epithelial ducts
ultimobranchial duct cysts, follicular
with chronic active that merge into normal appearing
cysts, and salivary mucocoeles.
inflammation, ulceration and follicles. Foreign body may cause
granulation tissue abscess.
Myelocytomatosis- bone marrow
intersinusoidal spaces are filled with
primitive myeloid stem cells and
Myelocytomatosis, myeloid leukosis,
neoplastic myelocytes that appear to
Avian leukosis virus and myelocytoma are all neoplastic
arrest their differentitation at the non-
100 Chicken type J Ovary: Myelocytoma conditions cause dby Avian Leukosis
granuloated or granulated level.
(Myelocytomatosis) Virus -J. Meat type chickens are the
Neoplasms often extend through the
traget cell
periosteum forming distinctive soft
friable nodular masses often at
costochondral junctions
DDX: Plasmacytoma, histiocytoma,
IGG mediated regression. Some
mast cell tumor, lymphoma,
AFIP: Mucocutaneous progrssive tumors evade imune system
Transmissible venereal melanoma. The uniform chromatin
26 101 Dog junction: Transmissible by secreting a tumor-associated
tumor (TVT) pattern, lack of cell nuclear atypia,
venereal tumor antigen that blocks antibody
multifocal individiual necrosis, were
development.
compatible with TVT
 Lung: Pneumonia, SIV infection causes
Cytomegalovirus (betaherpes) is a
bronchointerstitial, immunosuppression. Most adenovirus
ddx: virus is found in macrophages,
necrotizing, with type II infections are systemic, but some have
endothelium and epithelial cells.
102 Rhesus Adenoviral pneumonia pneumocyte hyperplasia, tropism for respiratory epithelium or
Affected tissues have necrosis with
fibrinous pleuritis, and enterocytes. Persistent infectionsin
neutrophils, inclusions are
basophilic nuclear pharyngeal lymphoid tissue can serve
eosinophilic.
inclusions as source of infection.
Chorioamnion:
Chorioamnionitis, Group B strep was isolated from the ACA- Acute Chorioamnionitis
Chorioamnionitis
103 Rhesus neutrophilic, with fibrinoid stomach, and Group G strep was found (humans) caused by numerous
bacterial
vasculitis, and extracellular in the vagina bacteria
cocci
Lung: Pneumonia
sysnonyms: episthesioneuroblastoma, cells are small to medium sized, round
Nasal Cavity:
104 Rat Neuroblastoma olfactory neuroepithelioma/ to oval or polygonal, with scant
Neuroblastoma, olfactory
neuroepithelial caricnoma cytoplasm, and hyperchromatic nuclei

Histamine cuases loosenign of

Lung: Bronchitis and mucosal epithelial tight junctions
bronchiolitis, exudative, allowing more allergen to reach mast
eosinophilic and Bronchial gland hyperplasia and cells. Parasympathetic vagal
Eosinophilic bronchitis lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse, smooth muscle hypertrophy or airways stimulation inducec bronchosontriction
27 105 Cat and bronchiolitis (feline moderate with pulmonary and arteries (similar lesions found with and increased mucus production; Late
Asthma) arterial fibromuscular Toxocara canis larvae, and phase pf Type 1 hypersensitivity-
hypertrophy and Aleurostrongylus abstrusus) leukocytes migrate in, epithelium
eosinophilic endarteritis, produces eotaxin, and eosinophils
periarteritis and pleuritis damage airways and cause airway
constriction
Haired skin: Dermatitis, sub-epidemal clefting may be seen in
The most characteristic lesions in
lichenoid (interface), severe cases, pigmentary
hydropic degeneration of the basal cell
lymphocytic, diffuse, with incontinence occurs results from
Systemic Lupus layer with lichenoid inflammation.
106 Horse basal cell hydropic release of melanin from basal cells.
Erythematosus Civatte bodies are a feature of all
degeneration and necrosis Adnexal atrophy can occur along with
lichenoid dermatosis and are apoptotic
(Civatte bodies) and acanthosis and hyperkeratosis (ortho
basal cells (hypereosinophilic)
intraceorneal pustules and para)
Skeletal changes- Marked short term
increase in D--> increased osteoclastic
Hypercalcemia- decreased excitability
activity//Prolonged toxicity causes the
og GI tract, skeletal muscle, cardiac
Kidney: Mineralization of matrix to become tangled and fibrillar
arrhythmias, interferes with ADH and
Bowman's capsules, with higher affinity for hydroxyapatite.
renal transport of sodium and chloride
107 Rabbit Hypervitaminosis D interstitium, tubular Resulting in a deeply basophilic
into the interstitium. May result in
basement membranesm ground substance. Eventually osteoid
vasoconstriction of renal vessels, renal
and vessels replaces the matrix. Usually it is
tubular epithelium mitochondia are
intermittent resulting in broad resting
damaged
lines separating large depostis of
abnormal osteoid
Bone: Osteosclerosis
 Fatal disease of nestlings and
Spleen: Splenitis, histiocytic, budgerigars. Gross- subcutaneous
Characteristic feature is acute
diffuse, moderate with hemorrhage, dehydration, subserosal
108 Parrot Avian Polyomavirus macrophage infection within splenic
lymphoid depletion, hemorrhages. Histo- kayomegaly,
periarteriolar sheaths
intranuclear inclusionss pannuclear inclusoions, most
prominent in splenic macrophages
Liver: Necrosis,
submassive, and
hemorrhage, diffuse with
rare intranuclear inclusions
Posterior kidney: Protozoa, Other diseases of Salmonids with
Myxosporidiosis numerous, glomerular and Myxozoans include whirling disease
28 109 Salmon (Parvicapsula intratubular with multifocal (Myobolus cerebralis) amd proliferative
minibicornis) tubular degeneration and kidney disease (PKX agent phylum
necrosis Myxozoa)
110 Mouse Teratoma Testis: teratoma Teratomas seen mostly in 129 strain
Liver: Swelling and
vascuolar degeneration, large vessels of the liver contain
hepatocellular, diffuse with immature hematopoietic cells// Filoviral Monocytes and macrophages secrete
111 Macaque Marburg virus (filovirus) scattered single cell infections are characterized by minimal TNF, IFN gamma, IL's proteases, free
necrosis, and eosinophilic host response with absolute radicals cause disease
intracytoplasmic inclusions, lymphopenia
and edema
Duodenum: Enteritis,
transmural,
112 Cat Zygomycosis pyogranulomatous to
granulomatous with fungal
hyphae
Malignant lymphoma
Liver, spleen: Malignant
29 113 Boa (boid inclusion body
lymphoma
disease)
IBD- inclusions in epithelial cells of
most tissues and occasionally in
Liver: Eosinophilic inclusion
lymphocytes. Type C retrovirus.
bodies, intracytoplasmic
Secondary bacterial infections,
Neurologic signs
Liver, spleen: Granulomas
with bacterial colonies
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
Liver: amyloidosis, diffuse,
Mycobacterium avium
with hepatic cord atrophy AA amyloid due to chronic
114 Duck granulomas;
and necrotizing mycobacterium infection
amyloidosis
granulomatous hepatitis
amoebae are scarce and usually found
Cecum: Typhlitis, in small clusters within colonic mucus
necrotizing, transmural with and may exhibit erythrophagocytosis.
115 Iguana Entamoeba invadens
edema and amoebic Iron hematoxylin and trichrome stains
trophozoites can aid in identifying them from
macrophages.
 a bening proliferation of chondrocytes
composed of hyaline or myxohyaline
116 Python Chondroma Trachea: Chondroma
cartilage and usually arising from
cartilaginous tissues.
Sacral Spinal cord:
Meningitis, and
polyradiculitis,
Halicephalobus
30 117 Horse granulomatous, multifocal,
gingivalis
moderate with rhabditoid
nematode adults, larvae and
eggs
multifocal to diffuse interstitial
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
infiltrates of mixed inflammatory cells
Simian necrotizing, chronic active,
with degeneration and necrosis of
118 Rhesus immunodeficiency virus multifocal with duct lymph node- sinus histiocytosis
exocrine pancreatic cells with
with Adenovirus hyperplasia and eosiniphilic
interstitial fibrosis. Islet cells are not
intranuclear inclusions
affected.
FVB/N and C3H mouse is
Eye, retina: Atrophy, outer
119 Mouse Retinal atrophy heredity, age, light iduced causes homozygous for the rd1 gene-
segment, diffuse
Elevated cGMP
Urinary bladder: cystitis,
polypoid, chronic, diffuse, calcium oxalates are not common in
120 Cougar Cystitis polypoid
with transmural hemorrhage cytitis. Struvites can cause blockage
and multifocal fibroplsaia
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX
1998-1999
Kidney: Nephritis, granulomatous, Other Rahbditids- Perlodera
multifocal with fibrosis, tubular strongyloides (dermatitis),
1 1 Equine Halicephalobus deletrix
ectasia, and many adult and larval Stongyloides westerii, and
rhabditid Cephalobus sp
NA causes of Equine
Optic nerve: Neuritis, necrotizing,
verminous encephalitis-
granulomatous, diffuse, severe, ddx: Ataxia: Trauma, Degenerative
Hypoderma bovis, hypoderma
1 with epineurial and perineurial myelopathy, Wobblers syndrome,
lineatum, Strongylus vulgaris,
fibrosis and many adult and larval Neoplasia, various infectious agents
and Draschia meagstoma,
rhabditid nematodes
Setaria spp

Pythium: branching, rarely

septate, 5-10 microns with
nearly parallel walls; Water
Colon: Colitis, ulcerativem ddx: Zygomycetes/ Pythium is not
molds form motile flagellate
pyogranulomatous, and infectious because the infective form
1 2 Canine Pythium insidiosum zoospores, and have walls
eosinophilic, chronic, severe, (zoospore) is not known to form in
with cellulose and beta-
diffuse, with few hypahe tissues
glucan, without chitin or
ergosterol- chemotherapy with
fungal azoles is not effective
Salmonid Lens: spherical ball
consisting of 3 tissues: 1)
encapsulating sheath of
noncellular transparent
material, which is secreted by
2) the underlying
physiologically active cells, Fish cataracts: Dietary deficiencies-
nucleated and capable of Tryptophan, thiamine, riboflavin, zinc,
Eye, lens: Cataractous change,
division. 3) Immediately Vitamin A, and Vitamin C, /
circumferential, moderate to
1 3 Salmon Nutritional cataract beneath these active cells, Envoronment- gas supersaturation,
severe, with epithelial hyperplasia
and by far the greatest volume cold, excess sunlight, UV rays,
and fibrous meataplasia
consists of lens fibers- long Organisms- Trematode
slender transparent, non- metacercariae
nucleated, cells lying in
layers. The fish lens is
inelastic and must be drawn
toward the retina by the
retractor lentis muscle to
accomodate vision
Rickettsia rickettsii- tick-borne Endothelial cells are the target -->
Cerebrum, hippocampus:
Rickettsia rickettsii- obligate intracellular parasite vasculitis, Platelet aggregation,
choriomeningoencephalitis, acute
1 4 Canine Rocky Mountain carried by Dermacentor Thrombocytopenia, bleeding,
to subacute, multifocal with
Spotted Fever andersoni, D. variabilis, or splenomegaly, edema of medullary
vasculitis
Amblyomma americanum respiratory center--> death
Humans-
1 Meningoencepahlitis,
myocarditis, hepatitis, DIC
 Haired skin and subcutis and
Im injection--> muscle
skeletal muscle: Dermatitis,
necrosis in Rats, rabbits,
Ketamine induced pannniculitis, and myositis,
2 5 Rat hamsters, guinea pigs,
muscle necrosis necrotizing, suppurative, chronic,
marmosets. Intraperitoneal
focally extensive, severe, with
injections are better
multiple mineralization
2
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
Freunds Adjuvant Lesions result from mineral oil
2 6 Rabbit multifocal, and coalescing,
induced pneumonia or mycobacteria
moderate, with lipid vacuoles
Malignant Lymphoma:
2 7 Mouse SJL Lymph node: Malignant lymphoma
Autoimmune myositis
Skeletal muscle, myocytes:
Lymphoma and inflammatory
degeneration, necrosis nd
muscle disease develops
2 regeneration, multifocal, mild, with
spontaneously in 100% of SJL
histiocytic, and neutrophilic
mice
inflammation
Cerebrum, white matter:
Demyelination, diffuse, moderate, Synonyms:
Cairn terriers, West Highland White
globoid cell with gliosis, axonal swelling, galactocerebrosidosis,
2 8 Canine terriers, Mini Poodle, Bluetick hound,
Leukodystrophy histiocytosis, and intrahistiocytic galactosylceramide lipidosis,
Beagles
flocculent material (globoid cell Krabbes disease
leukodystrophy)

Haired skin and subcutis:

Dermatitis, and panniculitis, and
Blastomyces Skin lesions commonly result
3 9 Feline pyogranulomatous, diffuse,
dermatiditis from disseminated infection
severe, with ulceration acanthosis,
furunculosis, and yeasts
Small intestine: enteritis,
subacute, diffuse, mild, with
Minute virus of canine CPV-1 causes mild enteritis,
3 10 Canine multifocal villar fusion, multifocal death less than 3 weeks old
CPV-1 myocarditis and pneumonia
epithelial necrosis, and villar tip
epithelial intranuclear inclusions
3 Lymph node: Lymphoid necrosis
Piroplasmida and family
Theileriidae; Large schizonts
Spleen: Histiocytosis,
of C felis develop in
3 11 Feline Cytauxzoonosis intravascular, with intrahistiocytic
macrophages; Trophozoites
protozoal schizonts
are ring forms and present in
the cytoplasm of erythrocytes
Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous,
3 12 Canine Mycobacterium avium portal, central, and multifocal with
intrahistiocytic bacilli
 Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,
3 perivascular with intrhisitocytic
bacilli
3
3 Disease Mycobacterium lesions
3 Classic Tuberculosis M. tuberculosis Mf granulomas/ tubecles
3 M bovis
3 M. Afrincanum
3 M microti
Diffuse granulomatous systemic
3 MAC/ Avian Mycobacterium M avium-intracellulare
disease
3 M avium paratuberculosis Diffues granulomatous enteritis
3 M genevense
3 Leprosy M leprae Neuritis
3 M lepraemurium
3 Atypical mycobacteriosis M fortuitum localized skin infections
3 M chelonaw
3
Liver: Hepatocellular degeneration
and necrosis, diffuse with mild
multifocal acute hepatitis and
Infectious Canine CAV-1- Hepatocytes, Kupffer
4 13 Skunk vasculitis, numerous Injury to liver, kidney, and eye
Hepatitis, CAV-1 cells, and Endothelium
hepatocellular intranuclear
inclusions, and rare endothelial
intranuclear inclusions
Kindey: Nephritis,
necrosuppurative, multifocally
4 14 Canine Aspergillus terreus german shepherd
extensive with necrotizing
vasculitis, and fungal hyphae
E7 protein binds to Rb-->
Oral mucosa: Hyperplasia with
Focal epithelial insufficient inhibition of cell
numerous kpoilocytes, vacuolar
4 15 Primate hyperplasia, growth --> DNA synthesis
degeneration, and few
papillomavirus triggered, and cell cyle
intranuclear inclusions
engages
Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, necrotizing with
Feline Viral
4 16 Feline alveolar edema, few syncytial
Rhinotracehitis, FHV-1
cells, and numerous eosinophilic
INIB
Heart, myocardium: Vasculitis and
perivasculitis, lymphohistiocytic,
and plasmacytic with vsacular
5 17 Bovine BVD Pestivirus cytopathic strain
fibrinoid necrosis and mild
interstitial edema, and myocardial
necrosis

Lungs: Interlobular edema, alvelar

Equine Hendravirus, vascular mural necrosis and
5 18 Equine edema, endothelial syncytia,
Paramyxovirus lymphoid infiltration
fibrinoid necrosis, perivasculitis
 Kidneys: Vasculopathy with
5
endothelial syncytia
Haired skin: Vasculitis, and
perivasculitis, necrotizing,
neutrophilic and eosinophilic, with IHC studies suggest link to
5 19 Porcine PRRS, arterivirus
hemorrhage, multifocal epidermal PDNS
necrosis and mild epithelial
hyperplasia
Skeletal muscle and fibroadipose
Plerocercoid,
tissue: Plerocercoid (Sparagnum)
5 20 Porcine sparganum
with multifocal myosittis,
(Sparganosis)
eosinophilic and steatitis

Primitive Spinal cord: Primitive

6 21 Canine ihc: Syn+, GFAP +, NFP -, Astrocytomas are Syn --
neuroectodermal tumor neuroectodermal tumor

6 22 Rabbit Odontogenic neoplasm Buccal mucosa: Ameloblastoma

T cell rich B cell
lymphoma, eosinophil Liver: Malignant B cell lymphoma, CD45 RA (B cell) + (many
6 23 Canine CD 3 + small to medium cells
rich (Diffuse large B cell T cell rich with tissue eosinophilia large atypical cells)
lymphoma)
Lung: Pleuritis,
pyogranulomatous, diffuse,
severe, with multifocal
Rhodococcus is Gram +
6 24 Feline Rhodococcus equi pyogranulomatous pneumonia,
Variably Acid Fast
diffuse atelectasis, and numerous
intrahistiocytic gram positive
coccobacilli
Erysipelothrix: small Gram
Haired skin, dermis and subcutis:
Erysipelothrix POS, Non-spore forming,
7 25 Porcine Thrombosis, fibrinoid necrosis,
rhusiopathiae pleomorphic bacillus,
and acute vasculitis
facultative anaerobe
Skeletal muscle: Thrombosis,
fibrinoid mecrosis and acute
vasculitis, multifocal moderate
with diffuse hemorrhage
Monensin: Alters membrane
Skeletal muscle: Degeneration
transport of Na+ and K+,
Monensis toxicity, and necrosis, diffuse, with
leding to Calcium disruption,
7 26 Equine ionophore, and multifocal histiocytic and
Mitochondrial failure, enregy
Sarcocystis neutrophilic inflammation and few
depletion, increased cellular
Sarcocystis
calcium
Chorioallantois: Placentitis with
multifocal necrosis, vasculitis, and
7 27 Bovine Arcanobacter pyogenes
numerous intracellular and
extracellular bacilli
Lung: Intrabronchiolar and intra-
alveolar bacteria, histiocytes,
7
amorphous debris, yellow
pigment,a nd epithelial cells
 Haired skin: Dermatitis,
Papillomatous digital proliferative, and verrucous with
dermatitis multifocal epidermal hydropic PDD and IDD in diary cows
7 28 Equine
(Spirchetes??); degeneration and intraepidermal are similar.
Pelodera strongyloides filamentous bacilli and argyrophilic
spirochetes
Haired skin: Intrafollicular and
superficial rhabditid nematodes
Pulmonary Thick tegument, calcareous
mesocestodiasis, Lung: Granulomas, eosinophilic corpuscles, parenchymatous
8 29 Primate
mesocestoides sp with larval cestodes body, invaginated unarmed
larvae (Coenurus) scolex, suckers.
Brain; Meninges; otic labyrinthe;
pericardium; skeletal muscle:
Streptococcus iniae
8 30 Tilapia Inflammation, histiocytic and
septicemia
lympoplasmacytic with
intrahistiocytic cocci
Gill: Branchitis,
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal with
epithelial hyperplasia
Kidney: Tubular epithelial
Babesiosis; Radiation degeneration and necrosis with hemoglobinuric nephrosis
8 31 Baboon
effect proteinaceous casts, and debris, from babesia hemolysis
intraeryhtrocytic piroplasms
Kidneysm heart, Atrium, LI,
Arteries: Fibrinoid necrosis with Radiation effect- endothelium
perivascular hemorrhage and is most sensitive
fibrin
Kidney: Glomerulopathy,
Radiation effect
membranous, global, multifocal
Heart: Contraction band necrosis
and fibrosis
Large Intestine: Hemorrhage in
lamina propria

ISA- Orthomyxovirus- Severe anemia, leukopenia,

Infectious salmon trunk kidney: congestion and
8 32 Salmon Replicates in endothelial cells, congestion, liver necrosis, ascites,
anemia, orthomyxovirus hemorrhage, diffuse
endocardium, and leukocytes. pale gills, petechia

Liver: Degeneration and necrosis,

multifocal

Kidney: Necrosis, tubular

epithelium, multifocal
 Toxins: Furans, Chlorinated
Lung: Bronchiolar epithelium: hydrocarbons, aromatic
Naphthalene toxicity; Clara cell is primary target due to high
9 33 Mouse Degeneration and necrosis, scute, hydrocarbons, pyrrolizifine
clara cell necrosis concentration of P-450 enzymes
diffuse alkaloids, paraquat, 3-
methylindole, naphthalene
Kidney: Tubular degeneration and Tannins and their metabolites-
Tannins--> digallic acid--> gallic acid
necrosis, diffuse, with hyaline, concentration highest in
and pyrogallol (reducing agents)-->
granular, and cellular casts, young leaves and the shells of
9 34 Equine Oak toxicity hemorrhagic gastroenteritis,
tubular ectasia, tubular green acorns. Toxic
hematuria, and SQ hemorrhgae and
regeneration, and diffuse mechanism is poorly
hemolysis.
congestion understood
Azotemia, hypoproteinemia,
Gross: Kidneys are large pale hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia,
with petechia and congested hypochloremia, hyperkalemia,
medulla, perirenal edema hypocalcemia, and
hyperphosphatemia
9 35 Rabbit Renal cell carcinoma Kidney: Renal cell carcinoma
Dogs: Vomiting, dysuria,
Ganglion: Neuronal degeneration Chromatolysis, swollen nuclei, regurgitation, mydriasis, elevated
and necrosis, diffuse, with satellite karyolysis, and third eyelid, dry mucous membranes,
9 36 Equine Equine dysautonomia cell proliferation and mild hypereosinophilia, purulent nasal discharge, anorexia,
multifocal lymphocytic cytoplasmic vacuoles, axonal and weight loss, dysuria, purulent
ganglioneuritis swelling and spheroids nasal discharge, anorexia, and weight
loss, elevated third eyelid

Cats (Key-Gaskell): 50% have

bradycardia, dry mucous ED: incr heart rate, pathcy sweating,
9
membranes; fixed dilated drooling
pupils, reduced lacrimation

Mesentery, arteries: Arteriopathy,

Hypertenisve fibrosis, medial hypertrophy,
10 37 Rat-SHR Similar to polyarteritis nodosa
arteriopathy fibrinoid necrosis, thrombosis,
arteritis

Haired skin, ear: Dermatitis,

Leishmania amastigotes
histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic,
Cutaneous survive and replicate in the
diffuse, severe, with ulceration, Organisms bind C3b and resist lysis
10 38 Guinea pig leishmaniasis, macrophage phagolysosome.
serocellular hemorrhagic crust, by C5-C9
cutaneous The PH is maintained by a
and intrahistiocytic protozoal
proton secreting ATPase.
amastigotes
 Trypansoma- Kinetoplast is parallel to
Leishmania- 2 x 5 um
the nucleus, and is larger and more
spherical or ovoid with round
basophilic. Toxoplasma tachyzoites
eccentric nucleus and rod
are 4-6 um with basophilic nucleus,
10 38 shaped kinetoplast lying
and lack a kinetoplast, and may be
perpendicular to the nucleus,
found in leukocytes, epithelial cells,
both basophilic with HE,
and stromal cells, and endothelial
nucleus is red with Giemsa
cells
Adult - cuticle with lateral
internal ridges, that project
into hypodermal chords,
Subcutis, fibroelastic arterites:
coelomyaria, polymayarian
Arteritis, chronic active, focally
Peripheral dirofilariasis, musculature, which is divided
10 39 Canine extensive, moderate with
Dirofilaria immitis by flattened hypodermal
periarteritis, fibrin thrombus, and
chords and a pseudocoelom
intraluminal adult nematode
containing an intestine with
small lumen and two
reproductive tubes.
both cause type II pneumocyte
Lung: Pneumonia, hyperplasia, syncytial cells and
Respiratory syncytial bronchointerstitial, acute to RSV- paramyxoviridae- eosinophilic intracytoplasmic and
10 40 Primate virus, pneumoniavirus; subacute, diffuse, severe, with pneumovirus; DDX measles intranuclear inclusiona. Measles has
Streptococcus type II pneumocyte hyperplaisa, (morbillivirus) systemic manifestations-- gingival
edema, syncytial cells, and cocci necrosis, erythematous macules and
rash, lymphadenopathy,
Malignant pleomorphic
Brain stem: Malignant
11 41 Canine round cell tumor (favor
pleomorphic round cell tumor
T cell)
B-mannosidosis in Salers
cattle is a rapidly fatal,
inherited lysosomal storage
Lymph node: Histiocytosis, disease resulting in Causes severe demyelination in
Beta-mannosidosis
11 42 Bovine diffuse, moderate with accumulation of brain, in contrast to Alpha-
(Salers crossbred)
intrahistiocytic vacuoles oligosaccharides and mannosidosis
cytoplasmic vacuolation of
neurons, renal epithelium,
thyroid, and macrophages
Endocardium and
Heart: Endomyocarditis, subendocardium are Interstitial pneumonia occurs
neutrophilic and expanded by edema with low frequently in cats with EMC with Left
11 43 Feline Feline endomyocarditis
lymphoplasmacytic, subacute, numbers of neutrophils, Ventricular Endocardial Fibrosis
diffuse, lymphocytes and occurring as a sequela.
macrophages
Young cats < 4 yrs; Restrictive Cardiomyopathy:
Respiratory distress, rare Endomyocardial fibrosis, myocardial
hindlimb paralysis, stressful interstitial fibrosis, myocyte
event hypertrophy, and nyocardial necrosis
 Similar to Leigh's disease:
Also have vascular lesions-
Familial Alaskan Husky Thalamus: Cavitation and
vascular endothelial
11 44 Canine (Sled Dog) necrosis, focally extensive, with
proliferation and sparing of
encephalopathy gitter cells and mild gliosis
the neuronal perikarya in the
thalamus
Probably secondary to
cerebral cortex: Necrosis laminar,
ischemia and hypoxia from
focally extensive with gliosis
siezures
Cerebellum: Purkinje and granular
cell loss, multifocal, segemntal
with moderate gliosis
Oral mucosa: stomatitis,
proliferative, eosinophilic and
Eosinophilic granuloma Similar to the cats, may occur hereditary or hypersensitivity may
12 45 Canine granulomatous, focally extensive,
complex in mouth and on skin predispose
with collagen degeneration and
ulceration
flea bites are routes of transmission;
Yersinia pestis- non-motile, Organisms is destroyed in
Lymph node: Lymphadenitis,
Yersinia pestis, non-spore forming, facultative, neutrrophils, but survives in
12 46 Ferret necrotizing, suppurative, diffuse,
yersiniosis anaerobic, gram-negative, macrophages; Yop encodes a type II
severe, with numerous bacilli
bipolar coccobacillus secretion apparatus and is necessary
for replication in macrophages

Ingestion or inhalaltion:
organisms have already
Oral is most common in cats, ferrets,
acquired the phagocytosis
and carnivores
resistant capsule and thus
have a shorter incubation time
Ciliary body Cytokeratin and Vimentin +, S-
12 47 Feline Eye: Ciliary body adenocarcinoma cytokeratin is variable
adenocarcinoma 100 --, PAS + BM
Kidney: Proximal convoluted The intracytoplasmic bodies
tubular epithelium: Degeneration, are 2um hyaline inclusions
Cyclodextrin toxocity; multifocal, moderate, to severe, seen in rat hyaline droplet
12 48 Rat Hyalin droplet with cytoplasmic vacuolation, nephropathy; The acicular
nephropathy variably electron dense acicular crystals are cyclodextrin-
crystals, and electron dense induced nephrosis in male
rhomboidal and globular bodies rats
Benign hair follicle
Haired skin: Benign hair follicle
tumor; Polyomavirus
13 49 Hamster tumor with few intranuclear
induced-
inclusions
Trichoepithelioma
13
Packets of polygonal cells
Malignant interstitial cell Testis: Interstitial cell tumor, with abundant bright Placental Alk Phos Neg, PAS
13 50 Rat
tumor malignant eosinophilic cytoplasm, negative
granular, round central nuclei
 streptococcal Suckling neonatal rats, poor
Small intestine; Numerous luminal ddx: IDIR (Rotavirus), Tyzzers,
13 51 Rat enteropathy (Group D haircoats, diarrhea, low
epithelium adherent cocci Salmonella
strep) mortality
13
Haired skin, pinna: dermatitis,
eosinophilic, mastocytic,
lymphocytic, and plasmacytic,
13 52 Canine Sarcoptes scabei mites or eggs seen
chronic, diffuse, hyperkeratotic
crust, intracorneal pustules,
intracorneal mites
inadequate maternal thyroid
Hyperplastic goiter, thyroid gland: Hyperplasia, hormone corssing placenta--> dystocia, retained placenta, and
14 53 Equine
congenital follicular, severe fetal TSH--> thyorid prolonged gestation
hyperplasia
Hepatic encephalopathy
secondary- toxic to astrocytes,
ammonia metabolized to
Liver: Arteriolar hyperplasia,
glutamine= toxic. GABA Ammonium and uric acid crystals
portal, diffuse, moderate with
14 54 Canine Portosystemic shunt synthesized by GO bacteria, (ammonium biurates) especially in
portal vein hypoplasia, and lobular
Spongioform change of white alkaline urine.
atrophy
matter, Alzheimer Type II cells
(small clusters of swollen
astrocytes, with clear nuclei)

Liver: Fibrosis, dissecting, diffuse,

moderate, with hepatocellular
degneration, and loss, Lobular dissecting hepatitis: 3
14 55 Canine Chronic hepatitis lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic, months to 5 years, copper
and neutrophilic hepatitis, negative, increased reticulin
canalicular cholestasis, and biliary
hyperplasia
Heart and diaphragm: myositis,
necrotizing, lymphohistiocytic, Tissue cysts: thin 0.5 um wall,
14 56 Llama Toxoplasma gondii subacute, multifocal, moderate 10-100um in diameter, Tachyzoites: 4-6 long crescentic
with intracellular and extracellular muscle, liver, retina, brain
protozoa
Type II glycogenosis: deficiency of
lysosomal acid maltase (alpha 1,4
heart and skeletal muscle:
Type 2 Glycogen alpha-glucosidase (branching glucosidase)--> abnormal storage of
15 57 Mouse Degeneration, vacuolar, severe,
Storage Disease enzyme) glycogen in lysosomes of all organs:
regeneration
its the only lysosomal disase of the
glycogenoses
adjacent to the coagulating
gland: smaller papillary seminal vesicle: elongated fronds of
Seminal vesicle projections and forms a pale basophilic epithelium, and small
15 58 Rat Seminal vesicle: Adenocarcinoma
adenocarcinoma eosinophilic secretory amounts of eosinophilic secretory
substance compared to the product
seminal vesicle
15
 Stomach, glandular: hyperplasia,
Gastric metaplasia, A mixture of parietal cell, chief
adenomatous, focally extensive
15 59 Mouse adenomatous cell, and mucous neck cell
with mild multifocal
hyperplasia hyperplasia
lymphoplasmacytic gastritis
Liver: Necrosis, random,
Enterotropic strains only effect
Mouse hepatitis virus- multifocal to coalescing with
15 60 Mouse enterocytes, Respiratory No INIB?
coronavirus syncytia and mild neutrophilic
strains are polytropic (liver)
inflammation

Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous,

16 61 Marsupial Mycobacterium avium and necrotizing, diffuse, severe
with cavitation and mineralization

Lung: Endothelial degeneration

and hypertrophy, diffuse with
Adenociral vasculitis
multifocal vasculitis, interstitial Epizootic Hemorrhagic
16 62 Cervid and pneumonia,
pneumonia, edema, and Disease
adenovirus
endothelial intranuclear inclusion
bodies
Histomonas Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous,
16 63 Avian meleagridis; Heterakis necrotizing, multifocal with
gallinarum numerous protozoa
Cecum: Typhlitis,
lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic,
and heterophilic, diffuse, with
protozoa
Most canine tumors are
Maligngnat interstitial
Testis: Interstitial cell tumor, inactive, but active ones are
16 64 Hedgehog cell tumor with omental
malignant associated with perianal gland
metastasis
hyperplasia, prostatic

Adipose tissue (omentum):

Interstitial cell tumor, malignant

Brain stem: Encephalitis,

subacute, multifocal, moderate Gram positive facultative
17 65 Equine Listeria monocytogenes
with microabscesses, anaerobic bacillus
hemorrhage, and mild meningitis
Pseudohyphae- chains of
yeast-like cells remaining
Urinary bladder: Cystitis, attached end to end with
ulcerative, pyogranulomatous, prominent constrictions. True
17 66 Feline Candida albicans diffuse, severe, with necrotizing, Hyphae are tubular and have
vasculitis, and many hyphae, parallel walls. Blastoconidia
pseudohyphae, and yeasts are thick-walled, spherical
structures which measure 8-
12 um
 Kidney: Nephritis, tubulo-
interstitial, pyogranulomatous,
multifocal, moderate, with
vasculitis, fibrin thrombi and few
yeasts

Liver: Hepatitis, random,

17 67 Porcine Salmonella cholerasuis necrotizing, acute, multifocal with
fibrin thrombi
Kidneys: Nephritis, interstitial, Pyrexia, dermatitis, and
Citrus pulp associated
17 68 Bovine granulomatous and eosinophilic, hemorrhage with similarities
hypersensitivity
multifocal, moderate to hairy vetch toxicity.
Possible causes- Citrinin
Heart: Myocarditis and epicarditis,
(mycotoxin), Mycotoxin T2,
granulomatous and eosinophilic,
ochratoxin A, di-ureido-
multifocal, moderate, with
isobutane (DUIB) (A feed
myofiber degeneration, necrosis,
additive), sweet vernal hay
and loss, and pericardial steatitis
containing dicoumarol
Spleen: Splenitis, nodular,
granulomatous, and eosinophilic
Liver: Hepatitis, portal and
periportal, lymphohistiocytic, and
eosinophilic, diffuse, moderate
with portal phlebitis, and mild
biliary hyperplasia
arterioles and small arteries:
medial hypertrophy, loss of
Pulmonary hypertesion can also
internal elastic lamina, tunica
result from any abnormality that
intima hyperplasia, lumen
restricts blood flow through the lungs.
Lung: arteriopathy, plexiform, occlusion, hyperplastic
RVD with RHF follows (cor
Plexiform (Hypertensive multifocal, moderate with diffuse, endothelium forms tufts of
18 69 Canine pulmonale). Hypoxia can cause
arteriopathy), and PDA congestion, and multifocal small glomerulus-like capillary
pulmonary hypertesion )high altitude
alveolar edema channels that span the
disease)- Causes pulmonary
lumens of dialted arterioles
arterioles to constrict--> hypoxia-->
resembling a web
acidosis --> vasoconstriction
(plexogenic), and fibrosis of
alveolar interstitium
Spinal cord: Ventral gray horns:
Dyskeratosis, hoof and nail ddx: 6-amininicotinamide (6-AN)
18 70 Porcine Selenium toxicity Neuronal necrosis, bilaterally
deformity which produces nicotinamide
symmetrical
Lung: Pneumonia, broncho-
interstitial, necrotizing, acute,
late term abortions, neurologic
diffuse, severe, with syncytial
18 71 Equine Equine Herpesvirus-1 disease, upper and lower
cells, eosinophilic intranuclear
respiratory disease
inclusions, edema and
hemorrhage and fibrin
 degeneration and necrosis of germ
Testis: degeneration and necrosis, Theophylline- related to cells, multinucleated spermatids, and
germ cells, with numerous caffeine and theobromine- spermatocytes, and hemorrhage,
18 72 Rat Theophylline toxicity multinucleate spermatic giant relaxes smooth muscle of interstitial edema. Myocardial
cells, and multifocal pulmnary vasculature, cardiac degeneration and necrosis,
spermatoceles stimulant and diuretic. premature involution of thymus, right
atrial cardiomyopathy
Lung: Pneumonia, granulomatous
Idiopathic and eosinophilic, peribronchiolar
19 73 Rat granulomatous and perivascular, multifocal, cause unknown
pneumonia moderate, and perivascular
edema
Welsh Corgi/ X-linked SCID= IL-2
Thymus and lymph node:
SCID, lymphoid DNA Protein Kinase receptor deficiency; Normal B cells nd
19 74 Canine hypoplasia, lymphoid, diffuse, with
hypoplasia deficiency IgM; T cells reduced, and IgG and IgA
extramedullary hematopoiesis
are reduced or absent
Liver: Hyperplasia, biliary and oval
cell, portal and periportal with Ferrochelatase is the last Protoporphyria- in cattle do not
Ferrochelatase
lymphocytic and neutrophilic enzyme in the heme devbelop hepatic disease/
deficiency,
19 75 Mouse portal and periportal hepatitis, biosynthesis pathway Photosensitivity is observed/ and
erythropoietic
individual hepatocyte necrosis, (catalyzes insertion of Ferrous unlike porphyria in cattle, no
protoporphyria
and intracellular brownn globular iron into protoporphyrin) discoloration of teeth is seen
anisotropic pigment

Cyclosporin toxicity, Looks similar to mammary

Mammary gland: Hyperplasia, cyclosporine has negative effect on
19 76 Rabbit mammary gland fibroepithelial hyperplasia
ductal and stromal, diffuse progesterone levels
hyperplasia (progesterone related) in cats-

Bone: Necrosis, coagulative,

Osteomyelitis, physitis,
focally extensive with chronic Salmonella dublin, or
20 77 Bovine and infarction,
suppurative osteomyelitis, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Salmonella
physitis, and fibrosis

Cartilage-capped, partially do not occur on bones of

ossified protuberances or intramembranous origin; cells arise
20 78 Feline Osteochondromatosis Scapula: Osteochondromatosis
exostoses, that are form periosteal mesenchymal cells in
multicentric. lesions of intramembranous bone

Human giant cell reparative

granulomas represent
reactive non-neoplastic
fibroma with osteoclast- Bone: Fibroma with numerous lesions thought to occur as
20 79 Avian
like giant cells osteoclast-like giant cells the result of intraosseous or
subperiosteal hemorrhage/
but does not extend through
the cortex of the affected bone
 Cervical vertebral fascia:
Cervical tumoral Granulomas, calcareous
20 80 Canine calcinosis (Calcinosis (calcinosis circumscripta), with
circumscripta) fibrosis and chondro-osseous
metaplasia
Chronic toxicity- rough
Kidney: necrosis and haircoat, malodorous diarrhe,
Acute Molybdenum
21 81 Bovine regeneration, tubular, diffuse with anemia, steriltiy, enlargement
toxicity
granular and hyalin casts of long bone epiphyses,
fractures, aspermatogenesis
Kidney: Interstitial nephritis,
lymphoplasmacytic
Liver: necrosis, disseminated
Liver: Cholangiohepatitis,
neutrophilic, diffuse
Phalaris and Trachyanra are
known to induce intense Other lipofuscin diseases include
Phalaris toxicity, Brain stem, neurons: Brown
21 82 Ovine lipofuscin in neurons of the Gomen disease in horses, and
neuronal lipofuscinosis granular pigmentation, perinulcear
thalamus, spinal cord, and inherited ceroid-lipofuscinosis.
peripheral ganglia.
Sheep copper accumulation-
Liver: Necrosis, centrilobular to
copper and pyrrolizidine excessive copper intake, low
submassive with hemorrhage and Kidneys had hemoglobin
21 83 Ovine alkaloid toxic molybdenum levels, presence of
intrahistiocytic light green/brown casts.
hepatopathy pyrrolizidine alkaoids predisposes to
pigment/ megalocytoss
outbreaks
Liver: biliary hyperplasia and
bridging portal fibrosis
Microcystins are inhibitors of protein
phosphatases-->
hyperphosphorylation of cytoskeletal
Liver: Necrosis, massive, with gross lesions include icterus,
proteins, rearrangement of
21 84 Bovine Microcystis aeruginosa hepatocellular dissociation and fatty liver (acute) or cirrhotic
intermediate filaments and
hemorrhage (chronic), photosensitization
microtubules, disorganization of the
cytoskeleton and dissociation. Also
necrosis of endothelial cells
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
necrotizing and suppurative,
SIV, Cytomegalovirus,
22 85 Primate acute, focally extensive, severe Bordetella bronchiseptica
Bordetella
with pleuritis, hemorrhage, and
bacilli
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
subacute, focally extensive,
moderate with multinucleate giant SIV and Cytomegalovirus
cells, and few eosinophilic and
basophilic intranuclear inclusions
 Small Intestine: Enteritis,
Proliferative proliferative, subacute, diffuse,
enteropathy, Lawsonia severe, with mild, submucosal
22 86 equine
like bacteria edema, and multifocal villar
(intracellularis) fusion, crypt herniation, and crypt
abscesses
Spinal cord: demyelination,
Canine Distemper virus
multifocal, severe, and moderate
(Morbillivirus),
22 87 Feline non-suppurative meningomyelitis,
demyelinating
and few glial eosinophilic
encephalitis
intranuclear inclusions
Kidney: Nephritis, tubulo- Rare argyrophilic spirochetal
Leptospira interrogans, interstitial, neutrophilis, and bacteria were identified within
22 88 Bovine
renal and hepatic lmyphoplasmacytic, multifocal, hepatic sinusoids and renal
with erythrophagocytosis tubules
Liver: Hepatitis, portal,
lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse with
multifocal centrilobular
hepatocellular degeneration and
necrosis and erythrophagocytosis

Heart, epicardium: Granuloma,

23 89 Primate Coccidioides immitis with mature and immature fungal
spherules

Heart: Fibrosis, interstitial,

common findings in aged
multifocal with multifocal myofiber
macaques and incidental
atrophy and karyomegaly
Lymph node: Granuloma, caseo-
23 90 Cervid Mycobacterium bovis
calcareous

Hepatitis and hepatic ddx: Mycobacterium avium, E Diagnosis: Acid Fast, Grams, Warthis
Liver: Granulomas, heterophilic
23 91 Avian amyloidosis, presumed coli, Salmonella, Starry all negative'/ Cultures grew
with amyloidosis
Campylobacter coli Campylobacter campylobacter coli

20-40 mm long; Platymyarian,

fibrous and adipose tissue, meromyarian, lateral chords,
periureteral: Eosinophilic pseudocoelom, large intestine
23 92 Porcine Stephanurus dentatus granulomas, with globule with multinucleated cells and
leukocytes, and adult nematodes, thick eosinophilic microvillar
and aggs border, thinwalled morulated
eggs

Nasal chonchae: Rhinitis, Aerobic, non-sporeforming, resp=glanders/ Skin = farcy/ spreads

Burkholderia mallei
24 93 Equine necrotizing, suppurative, diffuse gram -negative bacillus. along lymphatics, pyogranulomatous
(Glanders)
with thrombi and vasculitis Obligate parasite infalmmation
 Lung: Pneumonia, broncho-
interstitial, necrotizing, with type II
Peste des Peitis pneumocyte hyperplasia, syncytial
24 94 Caprine similar to rinderpest in cattle
ruminants (Morbillivirus) cells, eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusions and intracytoplasmic
inclusions
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
proliferative and necrotizing,
diffuse, with neutrophilic,
Poxvirus dermatitis
histiocytic, and fibrinous
24 95 feline (cowpox-like
panniculitis, necrotizing vasculitis,
orthopoxvirus)
and intracytoplasmic epithelial
fibroblastic and histiocytic
inclusions
Small intestine and colon:
Enterocolitis, subacute, diffuse, In some sections there is
Sheep Associated severe, with follicular lymphoid necrotizing vasculitis affecting
24 96 Cervid
MCF, OvHV-2 depletion, transmural edema, medium-sized arterioles in the
crypt abscesses and crypt submucosa and serosa.
necrosis, loss, regeneration
Copper as cofactors:
Cerebrum: Neuronal necrosis, superoxide dismutase, Neuronal necrosis with axonal
Copper deficiency,
25 97 Ovine cortical, acute, diffuse, with cytochrome oxidase, lysyl degeneration and secondary
cerebral edema form
edema oxidase, ascorbic acid demyelination
oxidase
Neurologic disease:
cerebrum, vessels: Necrosis and Swayback (congenital), England- Cerebral edema,
mineralization, multifocal Enzootic ataxia (delayed autofluorescence, herniation
onset), cerebral edema
High cellularity, necrosis, high mitotic
Oligodendroglioma, Cerebrum: Oligodendroglioma,
25 98 Canine Syn--, NFP --, GFAP --, rate, proliferation of glomeruloid
anaplastic anaplastic
vessels
Focal symmetrical Epsilon protoxin--> activated
Cerebellum, peduncles: Necrosis,
encephalomalacia by proteases --> increased
25 99 Ovine hemorrhage, and edema,
(clostridium perfringens vascular permeability, and
bilaterally symmetrical, extensive
type D tissue necrosis
Hereditary Spinal cord: Poliomyelomalacia,
Canine australian
25 100 polioencephalomyelopa bilaterally symmetrical with cause unknown
cattle dog
thy sparing of motor neurons
Squamous cell
carcinoma, and Haired skin: Squamous cell
26 101 Rat
fibrosarcoma collision carcinoma, and fibrosarcoma
tumor
Coiled and fragmented hair
shafts in hair follicles, follicles
Hair shaft disorders: Menkes kinky
are thickened, misshapen,
hair syndrome, inherited copper
Follicular dystrophy, and S shaphed shafts
26 102 Cervid Haired skin: Follicular dystrophy deficieen, trichothiodystrophy (sulfur
toothpaste hair disease conforming to deformed
deficiency), amino acid deficiencies
follicles. Scattered
(trichorrhexis invaginata)
lymphoplasmacytic
inflammation
 Haired skin: dermatitis, interface,
chronic active and eosinophilic,
focally extensive, moderate,
interface dermatitis, apoptotic
transepidermal apoptotic
26 103 Canine Erythema multiforme keratinocytes at all levels of
keratinocytes, lympocytic
the epidermis, hyperkeratosis,
satellitosis, orthokeratotic
hyperkeratosis, and epidermal
hyperplasia
Haired skin: Hyperplasia, inherited keratin accumulation
infundibular and epidermal, --> fish-like scales/
Type 2 Harlequin
26 104 Mouse diffuse, moderate, with compact abnormalities in keratinocyte
ichthyosis
orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and adhesion in the stratum
acanthosis corneum
Inhibits protein RNA synthesis-
Liver: Vacuolar degeneration,
-> necrosis and fatty change,
necrosis and loss, centrilobular,
lipid peroxidation. Epoxide
27 105 guinea Pig Aflatoxin B1 Mycotoxin diffuse, with hemorrhage, biliary
form causes mutagenic and
hyperplasia, and intravascular
carcinogenic and DNA
hematopoietic cells
binding properties
Periportal: turkeys, ducklings,
chickens, adult rats, and cats;
Midzonal: Rabbit; Centrilobular:
swine, cattle, dogs, guinea pigs
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
chronic, diffuse, mild, with
27 106 Canine Pneumocystis carinii abundant alveolar and intra-
airway eosinophilic flocculent
material
Lung: Pneumonia, embolic,
Yersinia
necrotizing, acute with
27 107 Antelope pseudotuberculosis
hemorrhage and large bacterial
septicemia
colonies
Liver and kindey: Embolic
necrotizing inflammation with
coccobacilli

Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
lymphoplasmacytic and
Eastern Equine
neutrophilic, diffuse, mild to
27 108 Equine Encephalomyelitis, neutrophils and vasculitis
moderate with multifocal
alphavirus (flaviviridae)
vasculitis, and rare neuronal
degeneration and necrosis

Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
achlorophyllic algae; ddx
28 109 Hamster Prototheca zopfii necrotizing, pyogranulomatous,
chlorella
multifocal, moderate
 Kidney: Tubular ectasia and
tubular epithelial hyperplasia,
Multicellular spheroid Myxosporean infections- Whirling dz
multifocal, moderate, with
structures, 10 um in diameter, (myxobolus cerebralis), renal and
Myxosporea (Myxozoa), numerous intracellular and
28 110 Turtle spores have one binucleate or blood sphaerosporosis in cyprinids
renal myxosporosis extracellular myxosporidia with
2 uninucleate sporoplasms, 1- (Sphaerospora renicola); Proliferative
interstitial nephritis,
6 polar capsules, and a shell kidney disease (Myxidium lieberkuhni)
lmyphoplasmacytic and
heterophilic
Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous, Dimorphic fungus: ddx:
Mucor amphiborum,
28 111 frog necrotizing, diffuse, severe with Prototheca, coccidioides
zygomycosis
fungal spherules immitis
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
spirorchis sp, Separate sexes, non-
28 112 Turtle granulomatous, with abundant
Schistosomiasis operculated eggs
necrotic debris
Small intestine and pancreas:
Granulomas, multiple with
trmatode eggs
Megaloschizonts: 100-200um
Heart: Myocarditis,
multiloculated and contain 1
29 113 Avian Leukocytozoon caulleryi granulomatous, multifocal with
um circular basophilic
protozoal megaloschizonts
merozoites
Liposarcoma with Fibrovascular tissue: Liposarcoma
29 114 Feline
pulmonary metastasis with metastasis to lung

Thymus: Thymitis, granulomatous,

Epizootic bovine Lymphadenitis,
diffuse, moderate, with lymphoid Spleen: Necrosis, multifocal to
29 115 Bovine abortion- granulomatous, multifocal
hypocellularity, and multifocal coalescing, with fibrin
deltaproteobacter necrosis
necrosis, edema and hemorrhage

Allantochorian (Cotyledon):
Placentitis, necro-suppurative,
acute, diffuse, moderate with
29 116 Bovine Bacillus licheniformis
necrotizing vasculitis, fibrin
thrombi and numerous
extracellular bacilli

Lung: Bronchitis, and bronchiolitis,

lymphoplasmacytic and
Extrinsic allergic
eosinophilic with lymphoid
alveolitis,
30 117 Bovine follicles, chronic interstitial
hypersensitivity
pneumonia, and interstitial
pneumonitis
fibrosis, and bronchiolitis
obliterans
Atypical plasma cell
Haired skin: Atypical plasma cell
infiltrate, favor
30 118 canine infiltrate (plasma cells tumor with
plasmacytoma with
amyloid)
amyloid
 Lymph node:
Pyogranulomatous,eosinophilic, typical in nasal cavity with
conidiobolus sp
30 119 Canine necrotizing, with splendore- occasional extension into
zygomycosis
hoeppli material mycotic cerebrum
lymphadenitis
Footpadm abd adjacent haired
Superficial necrolytic skin: Parakeratosis, diffuse,
Chronic hepatic disease,
dermatitis, severe with moderate epidermal
30 120 Canine Diabetes mellitus, glucogon
hepatocutaneous hyperplasia, multifocal superficial
secreting tumors
syndrome dermatitis, dermal edema, and
intracorneal bacterial colonies
[
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX
1996-1997
Acute poisoning- periacinar necrosis
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Liver: Fibrosis, portal and Nuclear and cytoplasmic
and endothelial damage/ Chronic
Toxicity- Senceio, bridging, diffuse, severe, with gigantism (megalocytosis)-
toxicity- bridging portal fibrosis/ and in
1 1 Bovine Crotalaria, diffuse, perivenous fibrosis, and Antimitotic effect (similar to
sheep leads to elevated copper
Heliotropium, obliteration, biliary hyperplasia, Aflatoxin and nitrosamines-
levels/ In pigs causes pulmonary
Amsinckia and mild megalocytosis other alkalating agents)
emphysema- interstitial damage

Cryptosporidium attaches to
Bursa of Fabricius: Bursitis, acute,
Cryptosporidium baileyi the glycocalyx of the epithelial
1 2 Chickens diffuse, mild, with surface- Respiratory vs intestinal form
or meleagridis cell, and surrounded by a
associated protozoa
membrane of host origin

Mesentery: Mesenteritis,
Mycobacterium avium- granulomatous, and necrotizing,
1 3 Feline
intracellulare chronic, focally extensive, severe,
with intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacilli
Fusobacterium is normal
inhabitant o fthe anaerobic
Liver: Necrosis, coagulative,
ruminal environment. It is a
multifocal and focally extensive, Other diseases caused by
secondary invader requiring
Fusobacterium perivascular and random with fusobacterium= necrotic stomatitis,
1 4 Lamb mucosal damage for
necrophorum necrotizing vasculitis and naval ill, pneumonia in calves, and
colonization. Ruminal acidosis
numerous extracellular foot rot in ungulates
is common predispoing factor
filamentous bacteria
to invasion and spread to the
liver.
Zinc-ingestion syndrome:
Hemolyitc anemia, pancreatic
Pancreas: Exocrine parenchymal
ductular necrosis, interlobular
loss, diffuse, moderate with
2 5 Eider Duck Zinc toxicity fat necrosis, atrophy, fibrosis,
regeneration, fibrosis, and
ductular hyperplasia,
ductular hyperplasia
necrotizing enteritis, and renal
tubular necrosis
Serosa: Serositis,
fibrinosuppurative, subacute,
moderate, to severe with gram
negative bacilli
Broad, thin walled,
Intestine: Enteritis, ulcerative,
infrequently septate,
Boid inclusion body necrotizing, granulomatous,
2 6 Boa constrictor pleomorphic hypahe from 5-
disease; Zygomycetes multifocal, severe, with fungal
20 um wide, and irregular right
hyphae
angle branching
Intestinal epithelium, Major histologic lesions: Non-
Lymphocytes, intestinal ganglion suppurative
cells of myenteric plexi: meningoencephalitis with
Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic neuronal degeneration,
inclusion bodies gliosis, and demyelination
 Subcutaneous tissue, neck:
xanthoma or injection
2 7 Emu Granulomas, multifocal, with
site panniculitis
intrahistiocytic lipid
2
Sulfatides: Prevents fusion of
phagosome with lysosome/ LAM-
Virulence factors: Cord factor
Lung: Bronchopneumonia, heteropolysaccharide inhibits
(trehalose dimycolate)-
Cynomolgus Mycobacterium granulomatous, multifocal, macrophage activation by IFN-
2 8 surface glycolipid responsible
monkey tuberculosis (TB) moderate, with caseous necrosis gamma and induces macrophages to
for serpentine growth pattern
and mineralization secrete TNF-alpha which induces
in vitro
fever and IL-10 which suppresses T
cell proliferation
Acute severe disease sometimes
Leptospires penetrate
from the bacteremic phase (young
exposed mucous memranes
animals) --> Hemolysis,
or water softened skin, and
Kidney: Nephritis, hemoglobinuria, icterus, pulmonary
invade blood- Leptospires
3 9 Pig Leptospirosis tubulointerstitial, chronic-active, congestion, meningitis, acute tubular
cleared from blood but not
diffuse, moderate necrosis// Chronic disease- abortion,
proximal convoluted tubules,
infertility, interstitial nephritis,
vitreoius, CSF, and genital
recurrent uveitis, recurrent tubular
tract
necrosis
Kidney: Necrosis, tubular, acute, Hemolytic syndrome-
multifocal, moderate with granular, methemoglobinemia and
3 10 Quarter horse Red Maple Toxicosis
intratubular, brightly eosinophilic Heinz body formation/ only
material and hemoglobin crystals dried leaves are toxic
3
Liver: Hepatitis, portal and
bridging, chronic, multifocal,
3 11 Webster Mouse Schistosoma mansoni moderate, with granulomas,
trematode eggs, intravascular
trematodes
Ingestion or percutaneous
Rumen: rumenitis, necrotizing, absorption (insecticides,
acute, diffuse, severe, with herbicides, wood Topical toxicosis: dermatitis, necrosis
3 12 Bovine Arsenic Toxicosis
hemorrhage, edema, and focal preservatives)--> vascular and sloughing
arteritis injury, congestion,
hemorrhage, edema, petechia
Brain stem: Neuronal vacuolation, Early in the disease, animals are alert but excitable, and may have
multifocal, with mild astrocytosis, seizures. Later, paresthesia may develop, manifested as agitated
4 13 Sheep Scrapie
and multifocal axonal rubbing against posts and trees and nibbling at feet and legs. There
degeneration is progressive dysmetria, emaciation, and finally paralysis and death.
 neoplasms arising from
remnants of the notochord
nfiltrative, multilobulated masses with
and have been reported in the
each lobule composed of three
mink, ferret, rat, cat, dog, and
components: closely packed
human.
vacuolated (physaliferous) cells,
Immunohistochemically,
4 14 Ferret Chordoma Haired skin, subcutis: Chordoma cartilage, and bone. The three
physaliferous cells stain
components are often arranged
strongly positive for both
concentrically, with physaliferous cells
vimentin and keratin, and
surrounding cartilage with a central
weakly positive for S-100
core of bone.
protein and neuron specific
enolase
There is often bronchiolar smooth
muscle hyperplasia, catarrhal and
Lung: Pneumonitis, subacute to
eosinophilic bronchiolitis, hyperplasia
chronic, multifocal, minimal, with
of submucosal glands and smooth
numerous metastrongylid
genus is ovo-viviparous; 1-10 muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia
nematode eggs and larvae,
Aelurostongylus mm diameter nodules, which within pulmonary arterial walls. The
4 15 Cat bronchiolar smooth muscle
abstrusus represents nests of eggs and granulomatous alveolitis and catarrhal
hyperplasia, submucosal gland
larvae bronchiolitis gradually regresses.
hyperplasia, and marked arterial
However, the hypertrophy and
medial hypertrophy and
hyperplasia of the smooth muscle in
hyperplasia
arteries, bronchioles and alveolar
ducts persists.
thin-walled, slightly basophilic
and spherical, with single
Nasal conchae: Rhinitis, narrow-based buds. The
granulomatous, multifocal, severe, fungus is surrounded by a
Cryptococcus
4 16 Dog with numerous yeast, etiology wide clear zone; the shrunken
neoformans
consistent with Cryptococcus capsular material stains
neoformans positively with mucicarmine
and the fungal wall stains with
PAS
Spleen: Splenitis, granulomatous,
multifocal, mild, with numerous
yeast
high cellularity,
pleomorphism, necrosis,
subpial spread, cortical
infiltration, necrosis
surrounded by
"pseudopalisades" and areas
Astrocytoma Cerebrum: Astrocytoma, high
5 17 Macaque of glomerulus-like endothelial
(Glioblastoma) grade (glioblastoma multiforme)
proliferation. Recent evidence
suggests that vascular
endothelial cell growth factor
(VEGF) is secreted by
malignant astrocytes perhaps
in response to hypoxia.
 Colon: Colitis, necrotizing,
subacute, diffuse, moderate, with
crypt herniation, lymphoid
5 18 Tamarin Measles (Morbillivirus)
depletion, syncytial cells, and of the paramyxovirus family
intranuclear and intracytoplasmic
inclusion bodies,
1. Pancreas: Pancreatitis, chronic-
Trichospirura active, multifocal, moderate, with intermediate host (most likely cockroaches) containing the encysted
5 19 Marmoset
leptostoma- nematode intraductal adult and larval spirurid infective larval stage (L3). The L3 migrate to the pancreatic ducts
nematodes where they mature into adults. Embryonated eggs travel down the
Urinary bladder: Cystitis,
transmural, acute, multifocal,
moderate
5 20 Wistar Rat Ependymoma Spinal cord: Ependymoma
Cerebellum: Encephalitis,
nonsuppurative, minimal, with
6 21 Foal- Horse Rabies- Rhabdovirus
neuronal eosinophilic
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
Haired skin, pinna: Dermatitis,
periadnexal, necrotizing,
Capripox virus, Lumpy subacute, multifocal, moderate,
6 22 Cow
skin Disease with necrotizing vasculitis and
intrahistiocytic eosinophilic
cytoplasmic inclusions
epithelial necrosis, epithelial syncytial
Measles virus is a morbillivirus
cells and intranuclear inclusion
bodies
These animals become infected when they ingest an arthropod
The histopathologic features are those of a neuroepithelial neoplasm
with glial processes forming neuropil-prominent perivascular
pseudorosettes. The differential diagnosis based on the H&E
sections was ependymoma versus paraganglioma. The absence of
immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin supports
ependymoma
nonsuppurative
encephalomyelitis,
ganglionitis, and parotid
adenitis in warm-blooded
vertebrates
Nodules within the skin and subcutis
are the most characteristic finding;
however, most affected animals have
Vasculitis can result from
multifocal, roughly circular, necrotic
viral infection of endothelium,
areas on the muzzle and in the
pericytes and probably other
respiratory tract, buccal mucosa,
cells in blood and lymph
forestomachs, abomasum, uterus,
vessels. Infarction may occur
vagina, teats, udder, and testes.
in severe infections. LSD virus
Generalized lymphadenopathy is also
is present in skin nodules,
a common finding. Skin lesions must
normal appearing skin, lymph
be differentiated from lesions caused
nodes, liver, kidneys, skeletal
by pseudo-lumpy skin disease, insect
muscle, saliva, and semen of
bites, ringworm, actinomycosis,
infected animals.
nocardiosis, streptomycosis,
dermatophilosis, demodicosis,
onchocerciasis, and besnoitiosis.
 Microscopically, placental trophoblasts lining the cotyledonary villi are
distended by small, approximately 1m diameter, basophilic,
intracytoplasmic organisms. The differential diagnosis for
intratrophoblastic organisms in cases of placentitis includes Coxiella,
Placenta: Placentitis, necrotizing,
Brucella, Campylobacter, and Chlamydia. Of these, only Coxiella
acute, multifocal, moderate, with
6 23 Gazelle Coxiella burnetti burnetii and Chlamydia stain positively with Gimenez or modified acid-
focal vasculitis and intracellular
fast stains. The morphology of the intracytoplasmic organisms on
organisms
Gimenez-stained sections should differentiate C. burnetii from
Chlamydia since C. burnetii appear as pleomorphic, or thin, rod-
shaped structures, while chlamydial elementary bodies are uniformly
small and round.

The differential diagnosis

Kidney: Nephritis, granulomatous,
includes Halicephalobus,
focally extensive, severe, with
Strongyloides and
numerous adult and larval
Cephalobus. All three have a
6 24 Horse Halicephalobus deletrix rhabditid nematodes, breed not
rhabditiform esophagus;
specified, equine, etiology
however, only Halicephalobus
consistent with Halicephalobus
has a reflexed ovary and a
deletrix
pointed tail.
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,
chronic, multifocal, mild to
moderate, with interstitial fibrosis
and tubular dilatation.
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, Lethal toxin is composed of two proteins, lethal factor (LF) and
peracute to acute, diffuse, protective antigen (PA). Edema toxin is composed of an edema
Anthrax (Bacillus
7 25 Sheep moderate, with multifocal factor (EF), a calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase, and PA.
anthracis)
hemorrhage, fibrin, and myriad Edema toxin is presumed to be responsible for the edema seen
bacilli, around cutaneous lesions and other sites of infection
Ruminants are most susceptible to the disease which is a brief
Spleen: Splenitis, peracute to septicemic form. Humans are intermediate, and horses, pigs, dogs
acute, diffuse, moderate, with and cats are less susceptible with frequent localized infections
lymphocytolysis, fibrin, and myriad (pharynx, skin, intestine, lungs). Sources of infection other than soil
bacilli include contaminated animal products (bone meal, wool, hair, hides,
and vegetable (peanut) proteins)

Megakaryocytes characteristically stain with PAS and alpha-naphthyl

Leukemia, Lymph node, prescapular: acetate esterase. They will also be negative for Sudan-black and
7 26 Dog
Megakaryoblastic Megakaryoblastic leukemia myeloperoxidase. Using immunohistochemistry these cells stain with
platelet-specific antibodies to GPIIb/IIIa and vWF.

granulomatous he perivascular cuffs are composed of histiocytes and varying

Brain: Meningoencephalitis,
7 27 Dog meningoencephalitis numbers of lymphocytes, and plasma cells in a network of reticulin
histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic
(GME) fibers (demonstrated with a reticulin stain)
Skeletal muscle with serosal
surface: Serositis, Non-effusive FIP is thought to occur in cats that develop humoral
7 28 Cat FIP virus coronavirus
pyogranulomatous and fibrinous, immunity, and partial cellular immunity; partial cellular immunity limits
diffuse, moderate, with vasculitis the level of virus replication and dissemination. The granulomatous
lesions of non-effusive FIP occur around small foci of virus-laden
macrophages. Non-effusive FIP occurs with 1/4 the frequency of the

Liver: Peritonitis,
pyogranulomatous and fibrinous, macrophages. Non-effusive FIP occurs with 1/4 the frequency of the
diffuse, moderate, with
subcapsular and portal hepatitis of non-effusive FIP that grossly resembled a neoplasm and occurred
and vasculitis.
Kidney: No significant lesions.
keletal muscle: Degeneration and
atrophy, diffuse, moderate, with
8 29 Dog Hepatozoon canis multifocal chronic-active myositis, sanguineous, the brown dog
vascular proliferation, and multiple
protozoan cysts,
Chorioallantois: Placentitis,
histiocytic, diffuse, mild, with
Cryptococcus
8 30 Horse numerous yeasts, Thoroughbred,
neoformans
equine, etiology consistent with
Cryptococcus neoformans.
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
subacute, diffuse, moderate, with
intramonocytic, intravascular
8 31 Cat Cytauxzoon felis
schizonts, Domestic Shorthair,
feline, etiology consistent with
Cytauxzoon felis.
Colon: Colitis, acute, diffuse,
moderate, with erosions,
vasculitis, marked transmural
8 32 Landrace Pig Clostridium difficile
edema, and marked venular
neutrophilic margination and
emigration
immunity, and partial cellular immunity; partial cellular immunity limits
the level of virus replication and dissemination. The granulomatous
lesions of non-effusive FIP occur around small foci of virus-laden
effusive form. A recent article describes an uncommon intestinal form
within the colon or at the ceco-colic junction.
chizonts have been reported in many
tissues but are most common in the
lung, myocardium, skeletal and
vector, Rhipicephalus smooth muscle; less frequent sites
include liver, spleen, and lymph
tick nodes. Mature schizonts produce
merozoites which invade neutrophils
and monocytes and form
gametocytes
The capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans is composed of
mucopolysaccharides which are thought to inhibit macrophage
phagocytosis and antigen-antibody interactions, providing an
explanation for the lack of inflammation.
n pulmonary venules, large (40 m diameter) intravascular
macrophages with abundant foamy cytoplasm contain schizonts of
Cytauxzoon felis. These intracellular schizonts are filled with
numerous 1-5 m basophilic merozoites. Some pulmonary venules
are characterized by fibrinoid necrosis with degenerate leukocytes
within the walls//The schizonts of Cytauxzoon develop within
macrophages while Theileria and Gonderia have their leukocytic
C. difficile is a gram-positive anaerobic bacillus that produces two
protein exotoxins: toxin A (Tx-A) and toxin B, which have different
physicochemical and biological properties. Both are lethal toxins
when administered parentally to experimental animals, and the
minimum lethal dose is about the same for each (~100 fold less than
that for C. botulinum toxin). The role of toxin A and toxin B as lethal
toxins remain unclear, but what is known is that toxin A is responsible
for nearly all changes within the gastrointestinal tract. Toxin B is
known to be cytopathic in tissue culture.
Toxin A causes a marked increase in leukocyte adherence and
emigration accompanied by albumen leakage, mast cell
degranulation, release of prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
and platelet activating factor (PAF).
 The hepatic necrosis
1. Liver: Necrosis, multifocal to
associated with syncytia and
coalescing, random, with
9 33 Hedgehog Herpesvirus eosinophilic intranuclear
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion
inclusion bodies is typical of
bodies and syncytia.
herpesvirus infections
2. Liver: Vacuolar change (lipid
type), diffuse, moderate.
3. Liver: Hepatitis, portal,
subacute and eosinophilic, mild.
4. Liver, sinusoids: Extramedullary
hematopoiesis, multifocal, small
amount.

Angiotropic large-cell lymphoma has been reported in humans and

Brain: Ectasia, vascular,
multifocal, with thrombosis and
9 34 Dog Angiotropic lymphoma
atypical intravascular
mononuclear cells
dogs and is a rare, generally fatal disease characterized by massive
proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within blood vessels, often in
a subendothelial location. Although scattered extravascular nodules
of neoplastic cells can be seen, this is a predominantly intravascular
neoplasm. The neoplasm has a predilection for vessels of the skin
and central nervous system, but any organ can be involved.
Characteristic pathologic features are thrombosis and infarction.

Kidney, glomeruli: Eosinophilic Fibronectin is a large (400 kd) multifunctional glycoprotein associated
mesangial deposits and with cell surfaces, basement membranes, and pericellular matrices. It
9 35 Mouse Glomerulonephritis
hyalinization, segmental, is produced by fibroblasts, monocytes, endothelial cells, and other
multifocal cells. Fibronectin binds extracellular matrix components (collagen,
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial, fibrin, heparin, and proteoglycan) via a specific tripeptide (arginine-
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal, glycine-aspartic acid) domain and to cells via integrin receptors to
mild. signal cell attachment, locomotion, and differentiation. The binding of
Helicobacter hepaticus is a
recently identified bacterium
Colon: Colitis, proliferative, that has been associated with
erosive, chronic-active, diffuse, a chronic-active hepatitis in
9 36 Mouse Helicobacter hepaticus
moderate, with crypt dilatation and certain strains of inbred mice
abscesses and has been linked to the
development of hepatic
adenomas and

10 37 Mouse Granulosa cell tumor Ovary: Granulosa cell tumor

Lesions in epizootic rat infections develop from pulmonary embolism,

whereas mouse infections more typically result in septic embolization
of the joints, liver, and kidney. Although C. kutscheri can be
Lung: Pneumonia,
encountered as a primary pathogen, the most common scenario is
Corynebacterium necrosuppurative, multifocal,
10 38 SD RAT unmasking of a latent infection by experimental modulations that
kutscheri moderate, with gram-positive
lower host resistance or impair immunocompetence. In addition to
bacilli,
those listed by the contributor, ectromelia and salmonellosis, and
deficiencies of vitamin B complex (particularly biotin and pantothenic
acid) have been incriminated as predisposing factors.
 Macroscopically, the growth
pattern of E. multilocularis in
primates simulates that of a
malignant neoplasia. In the
center regressive changes Histologically, numerous irregular
occur, but peripheral small vesicles are found embedded in
Liver: Hydatid cyst, multiloculated, proliferation continues a dense stroma of connective tissue
with hepatocellular loss, fibrosis, indefinitely. Thus, a with focal mineralization. They are
Echinococcus and mild granulomatous hepatitis, progressively enlarging mass lined with a barely discernable inner
10 39 Ape
multilocularis Barbary ape (Macaca sylvana), of mainly necrotic tissue with germinal epithelium and prominent
primate. - etiology consistent with a relatively thin zone of viable outer PAS-positive membrane, both
Echinococcus multilocularis. proliferating parasite is of which are of parasitic origin.
produced. In the natural Intraluminal scoleces with golden-
intermediate host, proliferation brown hooklets bud off.
of the vesicles is curtailed with
little further increase in size.

Endometrial venous Uterus, endometrium: Aneurysms,

10 40 Chinchilla
aneurysm venous, multiple, with thrombosis
Uterus: Hyperplasia, endometrial,
multifocal, mild.
inhibitor of lysosomal a-mannosidase,
swainsonine induces a form of a-
Swainsononine, Indolizidine
mannosidosis which is
alkaloid- Astragalus,
microscopically and ultrastructurally
Oxytropids, Swainsonia--
identical to genetic a-mannosidosis of
Locoweed poisoning is
man, cattle (Angus, Murray Grey,
biochemically distinct from the
Tasmanian Grey, and Galloway), and
genetic disease because
cats (Persian). As a consequence of
swainsonine also inhibits
a-mannosidase inhibition, there is
Brain: Vacuolation, neuronal, Golgi mannosidase 2, an
Neuraxonal dystrophy, storage of water-soluble
diffuse, moderate, with minimal enzyme involved in the
11 41 Quarterhorse Locoism, Locoweed, oligosaccharides that contain
multifocal axonal sheath swelling posttranslational trimming
Alpha Mannosidosis mannose and N-acetyl-glucosamine
and scattered spheroids modifications of the glycan
within the vesicles of a variety of
moiety of glycoproteins. As a
cells, particularly neurons,
result, abnormal proportions
macrophages, and pancreatic
of different types of
exocrine cells. In the later stages of
glycoproteins are produced,
the disease, axonal degeneration is
and stored oligosaccharides
evident, particularly in the cerebellar
are larger than those in the
roof nuclei and posterior brain stem.
genetic disease.
 The lesions of papillomatous digital dermatitis are differentiated from
Skin, interdigital: Dermatitis,
those of interdigital Fusobacterium necrophorum infection ("foot rot")
chronic-active and eosinophilic,
Bovine papillomatous in that they are confined to the dermis and do not produce the deep
diffuse, moderate, with marked
11 42 Cow digital dermatitis necrosis associated with "foot rot". BPDD occurs as solitary,
pseudoepitheliomatous
(BPDD) circumscribed, red, exudative, painful, 2 cm to 4 cm diameter lesions
hyperplasia and myriad
on the heel bulb. Chronic lesions may take on a verrucose or hairy
argyrophilic spirochetes
appearance simulating a fibropapilloma.

Exophthalmos - diagnosed by the detection of gas bubbles within

tissues . The pathogenesis of GBD differs from The Bends in that it
reflects a chronic exposure to low level supersaturation, whereas, in
decompression disease, the pressure differences are greater and
changes occur over a relatively short period of time. Fish equilibrate
with the dissolved gas, usually nitrogen, that then comes out of
Choroid gland (rete): solution into the bloodstream, forming gas emboli in a variety of
Emphysematous change, diffuse, tissues, especially those with large capillary beds, such as the gills
severe, with retinal detachment and eyes. In fry, the yolk sac is commonly affected. In acute cases,
Gas embolism of the
and degeneration, and multifocal small gas bubbles initially form in the choroid gland of the posterior
11 43 Haddock fish choroid gland- Gas
granulomatous inflammation, uvea, which later increase markedly in size. In subacute and chronic
Bubble Disease
hemorrhage and necrosis, cases, localization of gas bubbles in retrobulbar and periocular sites
haddock (Melanogrammus are frequent. During the acute phase of GBD, ocular lesions are
aeglefinus) limited to anatomical displacement of tissue and local degeneration
of compressed tissues. Subacute sequelae include the formation of
anterior synechia, cataract, and suppurative panophthalmitis. During
chronic stages, large retrobulbar gas bubbles cause severe
exophthalmia and distortion of the globe with stretching of the optic
nerve and retinal vessels. Damage to the blood vessel supplying the
eye often leads to thrombosis and perivasculitis.

The classic disease is caused

by the viral subtype H1N1,
which contains distinct
Lung: Pneumonia,
antigenic variants which may
bronchointerstitial, fibrinonecrotic,
circulate concurrently in pig
acute to subacute, diffuse,
11 44 Pig Swine Flu populations in different parts
moderate, with type II pneumocyte
of the world. Subtype H1N1 is
hyperplasia and multifocal
the primary agent of swine
vasculitis,
influenza in North America.
Subtype H3N2 is prevalent in
Europe.

Pancreatic acinar
12 45 Mouse Pancreas: Carcinoma, acinar cell
carcinoma
 Rear leg: Tenosynovitis,
Immune complex proliferative, lymphohistiocytic and
12 46 Mouse mediated synovitis and neutrophilic, diffuse, moderate,
vasculitis. with cellulitis, perineuritis,
periostitis, and osteolysis

Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
Immune complex- membrano-proliferative, global,
mediated diffuse, moderate, with crescents,
12 47 Mouse glomerulonephritis and marked necrotizing vasculitis, and
vasculitis.- Type III multifocal, lymphoplasmacytic
hypersensitivity perivasculitis and interstitial
nephritis,

Characteristic microscopic findings

include: (1) intracytoplasmic inclusion
bodies (ICIBs) most commonly in
epidermis, pancreas, and intestine,
often multiple inclusions per cell; (2)
skin: early-focal epidermal
hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and
spongiosis with ballooning
Eyelid: Conjunctivitis,
degeneration and ICIBs. Later,
subacute, focally extensive,
necrosis, ulceration, and dermal
moderate, with necrosis and
Liver: Necrosis, hepatocellular, lymphocytic infiltrate; (3) liver:
Ectromelia virus intraepithelial intracytoplasmic
12 48 Mouse multifocal, random, with bacterial multifocal random coagulation
(Orthopoxvirus) inclusion bodies.
emboli, necrosis with minimal inflammation,
Lung, colon, uterus, and
hepatocellular syncytia and
vagina: Necrosis, multifocal,
ballooning degeneration at margins
minimal to severe.
with ICIBs; (4) spleen: focal necrosis
involving both lymphoid follicles and
red pulp; (5) intestine: erosions
almost to the base of the mucosa,
frequently adjacent to lymphoid
follicles; and (6) occasional focal
necrosis of visceral organs and bone
marrow degeneration.

Spleen: Necrosis, multifocally

extensive, with bacterial emboli.
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
necrosuppurative, subacute,
13 49 Rabbit Staphylococcus spp diffuse, severe, with type II
pneumocyte hyperplasia, pleuritis
and colonies of cocci
 Unlike other herpesviruses,
Trachea and larynx:
natural transmission is
Infectious Laryngotracheitis, necrotizing,
exclusively aerogenic. The
13 50 Chicken pullets Laryngotracheitis virus subacute, diffuse, severe, with
virus has an affinity for the
(Alpha herpes) syncytial cells and eosinophilic
respiratory epithelium and
intranuclear inclusion bodies
viremia does not develop

Disseminated visceral
coccidiosis-- Histologically,
granulomatous nodules
contain numerous parasitized
Liver: Hepatitis, histiocytic and mononuclear cells with both
Although Eimeria sp. infections are
lymphoplasmacytic, random, merogonic and gametogenic
Eimeria gruis and/or generally diseases of the intestinal
13 51 Sandhill crane moderate, with extensive stages of eimerian coccidia. In
Eimeria reichenowi. tract, a few species can develop at
hepatocellular loss, and one study, many of the
extraintestinal sites
intrahistiocytic protozoa, granulomatous foci were
noted within the adventitia of
blood vessels, suggesting
hematogenous dissemination
of the infection.

scattered, large, neoplastic

cells with abundant finely
granular eosinophilic
cytoplasm, round open-faced
nuclei and sometimes large
single nucleoli. These cells
Ganglioneuroma vs Feathered skin, top of head:
13 52 Pigeon stained well with cresyl violet
schwannoma Ganglioneuroma, pigeon, avian
and are interpreted to be
neurons. Ganglioneuromas
are benign neuroectodermal
tumors that contain both
Schwann cells, which
predominate, and neurons.
Tongue: Glossitis,
The differential diagnosis for this lesion might include tanapox
necroulcerative, subacute, with
(benign epidermal monkeypox), Yabapox, marmoset pox, and
Cynomolgus vesicles, pustules, and
14 53 Monkeypox molluscum contagiosum. Grossly, the differential diagnosis would
monkey intracytoplasmic inclusions,
also include tuberculosis, melioidosis, mycotic granulomas, and
cynomolgus monkey (Macaca
papillomatosis.
fascicularis)
Liver: Hepatitis, subacute,
multifocal to coalescing, Lesions associated with enterotropic strains include necrotizing
Mouse Hepatitis Virus- moderate, with hepatocellular enterocolitis resulting in lesions similar to coronaviral enteric
14 54 Balb c mouse
Coronvirus degeneration, necrosis and loss, syndromes of other species. As in other species, the most severe
and endothelial syncytial cell clinical signs of disease are found in neonates
formation,

Lung, vascular endothelium:

Syncytial cells.
 The tumor of the ocular The tumor was considered to be of
adnexa is composed of duct- apocrine origin based upon the
forming epithelial cells with following criteria: eosinophilic
Mixed malignant Eye and adjacent tissue:
Shetland decapitation luminal secretion cytoplasm of tumor cells, decapitation
14 55 apocrine gland Malignant mixed tumor of
Sheepdog and spindle-shaped luminal secretion, intracellular PAS
carcinoma apocrine gland,
myoepithelial cells. With positive and diastase resistant
chondrous and osseous granules, and the presence of
metaplasia intracellular iron- positive granules.
vineyard fumigant and in the recovery of chlorine gas in the chemical
industry. More significant amounts are found in industrial waste,
generated mainly from the manufacture of tetra- and
exachloro-1:3- Kidney, proximal tubules: trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride.
14 56 Rat butadiene (HCBD) Degeneration, necrosis and
toxicity regeneration, multifocal, moderate The renal damage seen in the rat following HCBD is similar to that
described with a number of other nephrotoxic agents such as
mercuric chloride, dl-serine, dl- ethionine, lysinoalanine, and cis-
platinum
Small intestine: Enteritis, There are two distinct phases of the life cycle, the enteroepithelial
transmural, chronic, diffuse, cycle which occurs only in felids (definitive host), and the extra-
15 57 Cat Toxoplasma gondii severe, with extensive villar loss intestinal phase which occurs in both definitive and intermediate
and collapse, and numerous hosts. The enteroepithelial cycle usually begins following ingestion of
protozoal tachyzoites, tissue cysts and occasionally upon ingestion of sporulated oocysts;
zoites are then released and penetrate into the epithelial cells of the
small intestine. A series of genetically determined asexual
generations (endodyogeny) takes place followed by a sexual cycle
(gametogony). After a male gamete fertilizes a female gamete, a wall
is formed around the fertilized female gamete forming an oocyst.
Oocysts are shed in the feces, and after exposure to air, sporulate.
Oocysts contain two sporocysts, each of which contains four
sporozoites. Kittens are most likely to become infected and
disseminate oocysts. Thereafter, most kittens develop protective
Mesentery: Mesenteritis, chronic, immunity and do not shed oocysts with subsequent exposure.
diffuse, severe, with numerous Sporulation of the oocyst takes between 1 and 5 days depending
protozoal tachyzoites upon environmental conditions. The entire life cycle can be
completed within three days after ingestion of tissue cysts; however,
after ingestion of tachyzoites or sporulated oocysts by cats, the
complete life cycle to oocyst formation is usually delayed for 3
weeks. Presumably, sporozoites and tachyzoites invade and multiply
in intestinal and extraintestinal tissues forming bradyzoites. In tissues
of cats, cysts rupture releasing bradyzoites that return to the intestine
and continue the cycle as if tissue cysts had been ingested.

The life cycle of T. gondii in extraintestinal tissues is the same for all
intermediate hosts and cats. After ingestion of tissue cysts or
The cells are usually cuboidal and may have "clear", eosinophilic or
basophilic cytoplasm. They may be arranged in solid sheets,
15 58 Cat Renal carcinoma Kidney: Renal cell carcinoma, papillary projections or tubules, and may line cystic spaces. All of
these patterns may occur in a single tumor. No prognostic value is
associated with any pattern.
 1. Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing,
multifocal to focally extensive,
15 59 Owl Aspergillus sp subacute, severe, owl, avian -
etiology consistent with
Aspergillus sp.
2. Air sac: Airsacculitis,
necrotizing, subacute, diffuse,
severe, with fungal hyphae -
etiology consistent with
Aspergillus sp.
eucocytozoon infestation was observed in the circulating leukocytes
of all organs examined. The life cycle of these parasites is discussed
by Levine (1985). The parasite is transmitted by black flies (Simulium
spp.).Sporogony takes place in these flies and the infective
sporozoites invade parenchymal organs of birds and undergo
schizogony. The schizonts infect leukocytes or, in certain species of
Leucocytozoon, red blood cells, and develop to gametocytes. The
gametocytes in leukocytes have elongate or round forms or both,
depending on the species. These parasites occupy almost all the
cytoplasm pushing the nucleus aside. The nucleus remains as an
elongate basophilic structure on the side of the cell.

Leucocytozoon in blood cells

can readily be differentiated
3. Lung, blood cells:
from other common avian
Microgametocytes and
hemoparasites, but in tissue
macrogametocytes,
Leukocytozoon sections, schizonts of
intracytoplasmic, numerous,
Leucocytozoon must be
etiology consistent with
differentiated from
Leucocytozoon sp.
Haemoproteus and
Plasmodium.

Primary ruleouts should

Fibrosis, bridging, portal to portal
include: copper, aflatoxins,
and portal to central, diffuse,
pyrrolizidine alkaloids,
15 60 Sheep Copper intoxication severe, with multifocal chronic
nitrosamines, sporodesmin,
hepatitis, biliary hyperplasia, and
phomopsin, Alsike clover, and
marked canalicular cholestasis,
the triterpines of Lantana sp.

Heart, myocardium: Degeneration,

Vitamin E deficiency, acute, multifocal to coalescing,
16 61 Puffin
nutritional myopathy severe, horned puffin (Fratercula
corniculata), avian.

Liver: Necrosis, coagulative,

centrilobular, bridging, diffuse,
with hepatocellular vacuolar
change (lipid type).

1. Haired skin and subcutis:

Sarcoma, histiocytic, Long Evans differential diagnoses were
rat, rodent. considered: malignant fibrous
2. Kidney, capsule: Sarcoma, histiocytoma, malignant
16 62 Rat Histiocytic sarcoma
histiocytic. pleomorphic fibrous
3. Kidney, proximal tubules: histiocytoma, and histiocytic
Intracytoplasmic hyaline droplets, sarcoma
diffuse, numerous.
 Brain, cerebellum: Atrophy of
germinal, molecular, granular, and
16 63 Dog Cerebellar abiotrophy Purkinje cell layers, segmental,
with Purkinje cell degeneration,
necrosis, and loss
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute,
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Fusobacterum focally extensive, severe, with
is a gram-negative, non-
16 64 Mink necrophorum and hemorrhage, emphysema,
sporulating, filamentous,
Clostridium perfringens fibrinous capsulitis, and numerous
obligate anaerobe
filamentous bacteria,
Kidney: Nephroblastoma, rainbow
17 65 Rainbow trout Nephroblastoma
trout (Salmo gairdneri), piscine.

Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial,

chronic, multifocal, moderate, with
multifocal glomerulosclerosis and
periglomerular fibrosis.

Haired skin: Dermatitis and

Pseudomycetoma/ panniculitis, pyogranulomatous,
17 66 Cat Dermatophytic focally extensive, severe, with
mycetoma mycelial pseudo-granules, and
abundant intrahistiocytic debris,

Liver: Hepatitis, chronic, diffuse,
severe, with lobular dissecting
fibrosis, canalicular cholestasis,
Lobular dissecting mild biliary hyperplasia, multifocal
17 67 dog
fibrosis intrahistiocytic pigment,
hepatocellular vacuolar
degeneration, and individual cell
necrosis
his lesion is distinct from classic cirrhosis in which there is prominent
portal bridging fibrosis, bile duct reduplication, and multifocal nodular
regeneration. This disease process should be regarded as a specific
reaction pattern in the liver of the neonatal and juvenile dog,
comparable to neonatal hepatitis in humans. The differential
diagnosis for this lesion would include copper toxicity, copper storage
disease, aflatoxicosis, and infectious diseases such as those caused
by canine adenovirus 1 and Leptospira spp.

Placenta: Placentitis, necrotizing, Many of the conference participants favored a protozoal infection with
subacute, diffuse, severe, with Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum. The differential diagnosis
17 68 Cow fetus Candida parapsilosis intracellular and extracellular also included Candida sp., Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sarcocystis
yeast and pseudohyphae, etiology cruzi. Positive staining with GMS and the presence of occasional
consistent with Candida sp pseudohyphae confirm the contributor's diagnosis.
 n immunohistochemical stains performed at the AFIP, neoplastic
cells did not stain positively for factor VIII-related antigen. Neoplastic
cells were also negative for lysozyme, glial fibrillary acidic protein,
Hemangiosarcoma/
Liver; mesentery: Sarcoma, poorly smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, desmin, and cytokeratin.
18 69 Cat Poorly differentiated
differentiated Although the origin of this neoplasm could not be determined, the
sarcoma
differential diagnosis includes malignant peripheral nerve sheath
tumor, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and
leiomyosarcoma.
1. Eye, iris, ciliary body, and
filtration angle: Fibrovascular
membrane, pre-iridal and post-
18 70 Dog
iridal, with entropion uveae and
anterior peripheral synechiae,
mixed breed, canine.
2. Eye, retina, sclera, cornea, and
iris: Atrophy, diffuse, moderate.
3. Eye, lens: Cataractous change,
subcapsular.

These neoplasms have been associated with myasthenia gravis,

polymyositis, myocarditis, and dermatitis. Thymomas are rarely
reported in cats. Several of the reported cases contained cysts lined
by thymic epithelial cells, most often of the fusiform type, that were
separated by prominent fibrous bands . Mast cells, which are
Thymus: Thymoma, cystic, with preseent in small numbers in the normal feline thymic medulla, can
18 71 Cat Thymoma
marked mastocytosis, be numerous in feline thymomas./ Normal thymic epithelial cells
produce several small polypeptide hormones including thymosin,
thymopoietins, thymic humoral factor, thymulin, and the
thymostimulins. Thymulin is interesting, since it is a zinc-containing
peptide that can partially restore T cell function in thymectomized
animals. Thymic epithelial cells also secrete IL-1.

Eimeria necatrix has a typical eimerian life cycle. After ingestion of an

oocyst, it is crushed in the gizzard and sporozoites are released.
Small intestine: Enteritis,
Sporozoites enter cells in the mucosa of the intestine and begin the
proliferative, subacute, diffuse,
cell cycle leading to reproduction. At least two generations of asexual
18 72 Chicken Eimeria necatrix moderate, with villar atrophy,
reproduction, called schizogony or merogony, lead to a sexual phase,
necrosis, hemorrhage, and
where small, motile microgametes seek out and unite with
coccidial schizonts
macrogametes. The resulting zygotes matures into oocysts, which
are released from the intestinal mucosa and shed in the feces.

Bone, site unspecified:

Osteopetrosis, diffuse, severe, Osteopetrosis secondary to type-C
19 73 Cat Osteopetrosis
with failure of modeling, domestic retrovirus has been described in cats,
shorthair, feline. Osteopetrosis secondary to
mice, and chickens. In cats, there is
FeLV infection has been
defective osteoclasis, whereas in
reported in cats. C-type
mice and chickens the disorder is
retrovirus particles consistent
primarily osteoblastic. Avian
with FeLV were detected in
osteopetrosis is probably the best
association with the plasma

Bone, marrow: Hypercellularity,
diffuse, moderate, with myeloid
hyperplasia and erythroid
hypoplasia
retrovirus has been described in cats,
Osteopetrosis secondary to
mice, and chickens. In cats, there is
FeLV infection has been
defective osteoclasis, whereas in
reported in cats. C-type
mice and chickens the disorder is
retrovirus particles consistent
primarily osteoblastic. Avian
with FeLV were detected in
osteopetrosis is probably the best
association with the plasma
characterized example of a bone
membranes of osteocytes and
disorder caused by a type-C
osteoblasts and embedded in
retrovirus; however, it is not a true
the osteoid. Virus particles
osteopetrosis because the increased
were also found within
bone formation is subperiosteal rather
megakaryocytes of the bone
that medullary and results from
marrow.
osteoblastic activity rather than
defective osteoclasis.

The differential diagnosis for this lesion includes vitamin E/selenium

Skeletal muscle, pelvic limb (per deficiency, toxic myopathies caused by the systemic effects of plant
contributor): Degeneration and toxins (Cassia sp., Karwinskia sp., gossypol), feed additives
Vit E selenium necrosis, multifocal to coalescing, (monensin), and metallic or nonmetallic toxins (copper, cobalt, iron,
19 74 Lamb silver, cadmium, zinc, thallium, mercury, selenium, tellurium, and
deficiency with regeneration, fibrosis,
mineralization, and histiocytic sulfur), the local action of injected toxic substances (chloramphenicol,
inflammation oxytetracycline and iron preparations), bluetongue virus, and
exertional rhabdomyolysis. One characteristic finding in vitamin
E/selenium deficiency is the presence of a fine stippling of mineral in
 Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism is caused by factors that
tend to lower the levels of serum ionized calcium and to increase the
output of parathormone (PTH). It is most common in young, rapidly
growing animals that are fed rations low in calcium and relatively high
in phosphorous. This metabolic disorder is a compensatory
mechanism directed against a disturbance in mineral homeostasis
induced by nutritional imbalances, ie. low serum calcium, excessive
phosphorus with normal or low calcium,
inadequate amounts of vitamin D3. The significant end result is
hypocalcemia which result in parathyroid stimulation. Parathyroid
glands undergo cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Increased
levels of PTH result in a poorly understood interaction between
Maxilla; nasal turbinates: osteoclasts and osteoblasts. PTH secretion results in hyperplasia
Metabolic Bone
Osteodystrophy, fibrous, diffuse, and activation of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts do not have PTH
19 75 Camel Disease,
severe, dromedary camel receptors. Their resorptive activity is probably controlled by a
Hyperparathyroidism
(Camelus dromedarius), camelid. complex system that involves the response of undifferentiated
cells of osteoblastic lineage which possess receptors for to PTH.
These undifferentiated cells may interact with osteoclasts through a
paracrine effect resulting in stimulation of osteoclastic bone
resorption. Increased levels of PTH also cause diminished renal
tubular reabsorption of phosphorus and increased reabsorption of
calcium. Bone resorption is accelerated and release of calcium
elevates blood calcium levels to the low-normal range. Continued
ingestion of the imbalanced diet sustains the state of compensatory
hyperparathyroidism, which leads to progressive development of the
metabolic bone disease. There is increased resorption of cancellous
bone and cortical bone, together with the proliferation of fibrous
tissue (fibroblasts have PTH receptors).

New bone is formed in a radial fashion by the periosteum, increasing

the size of the bone. The spaces between the trabeculae are
constantly filled with connective tissue. The new trabeculae may
remain mineralized or may partially mineralize only to be again
resorbed and replaced, repeatedly and irregularly. A similar
process occurs in the endosteum, replacing the medulla and marrow
Nasal turbinate: Rhinitis,
with fibrocellular tissue that contains irregular trabeculae. As the
subacute, multifocal, mild.
original compact bone is broached from both surfaces, it is steadily
and completely replaced by fibrous tissue causing
enlargement of bones such as those of the skull or mandible.
Subperiosteal cortical bone resorption results in bowing deformities
and multiple folding fractures of affected bones, articular collapse
and deformity of structures such as the vertebrae and ribs.
 Clinical features common to affected foals include prognathism,
ruptured common digital extensor tendons, forelimb contracture, and
Congenital Hyperplastic hyroid: Hyperplasia, follicular,
severely retarded ossification and crushing of the carpal and tarsal
19 76 Horse Goiter (thyroid diffuse, severe (hyperplastic
bones. Hypothyroid foals are typicallyaffected at birth, are often weak
hyperplasia) goiter)
and require assistance to stand and may have a grossly
enlarged thyroid.

1. Trachea; bronchi:
Tracheobronchitis,
20 77 Rhesus Monkey Cryptosporidium lymphoplasmacytic and
eosinophilic, diffuse, moderate,
with luminal epithelial hyperplasia,
2. Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, subacute,
diffuse, moderate, with type II
Cytomegalovirus pneumocyte hyperplasia and rare
cytomegalic/karyomegalic cells
with eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusion bodies.

B. bronchiseptica colonizes ciliated cells of the respiratory tract. This

Lung: Pneumonia, results in a suppurative rhinitis and possibly pneumonia that
necrohemorrhagic, fibrinous, eventually changes into a lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis and chronic
Bordetella
20 78 pig diffuse, severe, with vasculitis, pneumonia. In chronic lung lesions, there can be prominent
bronchiseptica
fibrin thrombi and cilia-associated peribronchial and peribronchiolar fibrosis. B. bronchiseptica is
bacilli associated with conchal atrophy (atrophic rhinitis) and can induce
moderate to severe conchal atrophy experimentally

In the dog, the most common causes of pleuritis are Actinomyces,

Lung: Pleuritis, chronic-active,
Nocardia, and Bacteroides spp. Mixed bacterial infections are
proliferative, diffuse, severe, with
20 79 Beagle Pyothorax, pleuritis common and a variety of organisms may be present, including
diffuse atelectasis and fibrino-
Corynebacterium spp., Pasteurella spp., E. coli, Fusobacterium
cellular thrombi
necrophorum, Pseudomonas spp., and streptococci.
 This dog died of hemorrhage
probably caused by
disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC)--There is
CAV1 is unusual among the
inflammatory edema of the
adenoviruses, in that it is capable of
iris, ciliary body, and corneal
causing severe generalized disease
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing, acute, propria with viral antigen in all
affecting including liver, lung, eye,
multifocal to coalescing, severe, but the cornea; cellular
brain, and kidney. CAV1 is distinct
with hemorrhage and rare infiltrates of the iris and
from canine adenovirus type 2, which
20 80 Dog Canine Adenovirus-1 basophilic intranuclear inclusion filtration angle are principally
usually causes a mild respiratory
bodies, mixed-breed, canine, plasma cells. This lesion
infection in the dog. Coyotes, wolves
etiology consistent with canine represents a local type III
and raccoons are also susceptible to
adenovirus type 1 hypersensitivity reaction to
CAV1. CAV1 has special tropism for
virus-antibody complex
endothelium, mesothelium, and
deposition in the small blood
hepatic parenchyma.
vessels of the ciliary body and
iris, and the resulting
interference with normal fluid
exchange

Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
fibrinosuppurative and histiocytic,
21 81 Monkey Coxiella burnetti subacute, diffuse, severe, with
type II pneumocyte hyperplasia,
and fibrinosuppurative pleuritis,

In mature animals, A. suis infection

can be confused with erysipelas.
In neonates and suckling pigs,
Liver: Hepatitis, peracute to acute, These animals may have
A. suis causes an acute and
21 82 Pig Actinobacillus suis necrotizing, random, multifocal, erythematous skin lesions, fever, and
rapidly fatal septicemia; death
moderate, with bacillary emboli inappetence. Abortion, metritis, and
can occur within 15 hours
meningitis have also been reported in
sows

n the soil, C. immitis occurs as a saprophytic mycelial phase which

gives rise to readily aerosolized arthroconidia. In host tissue
1. Vertebra, fourth lumbar (per
arthroconidia transform into spherules that gradually enlarge up to 20-
contributor): Osteomyelitis,
100 m in diameter. Rarely, spherules may reach up to 200 m in
granulomatous, diffuse, severe,
diameter. The nuclei within the spherule divide to form numerous
with multiple granulomas,
uninucleate endospores, 2-3 m in diameter (endosporulation).
21 83 Dog Coccidioides immitis osteonecrosis, new bone
When released from the spherule, each endospore will form a new
formation, and fungal spherules,
mature spherule at 37C, or a mycelium at room temperature. In the
Belgian Malinois, canine, etiology
body, the endospore may mature at the site of release or spread to
consistent with Coccidioides
other tissue via lymphatics or the blood. Endospores are not
immitis.
considered infectious to other animals (arthroconidia from the
mycelial phase are highly infectious),
 2. Skeletal muscle: Myositis,
granulomatous, focally extensive,
moderate, with granulomas,
myofiber atrophy, fibrosis, and
regeneration.
3. Bone marrow: Hyperplasia,
myeloid, diffuse, moderate.

In the grey squirrel, multiple fibromas

1. Haired skin: Atypical
have been reported to occur in the
mesenchymal proliferation,
skin, heart, lung, kidney, liver,
nodular, with epidermal
mesentery, testes, and lymph nodes.
Leporipoxvirus-Squirrel hyperplasia, ballooning
21 84 Grey Squirrel Inclusions in epithelium only The pathogenesis of the
pox degeneration, spongiosis, and
disseminated squirrel fibroma is not
eosinophilic intracytoplasmic
completely understood, but it is
inclusion bodies, grey squirrel
believed that the virus spreads
(Sciurus carolinensis), rodent.
hematogenously.
2. Haired skin, subcutaneous
adipose tissue: Steatitis,
granulomatous, multifocal,
moderate.
3. Haired skin, deep skeletal
muscle: Myositis, chronic,
multifocal, mild, with myofiber
atrophy and regeneration.

Cloacal papillomas are quite

common, especially in
Amazon parrots, and there
are reports of concurrent bile
duct carcinomas. A viral origin
1. Liver: Cholangiocarcinoma, has been assumed but so far
Psitttacine Herpesvirus-
22 85 McCaw military macaw (Ara militaris), a papillomavirus has been
cloacal papillomatosis
avian. isolated only in chaffinches,
bramblings and a Timneh
African grey parrot. Herpes-
like virus particles were seen
in a cloacal papilloma of an
orange-fronted conure.
2. Oropharynx: Papilloma.
Gill: Branchitis, proliferative and
Proloferative Gill Proliferative gill disease
histiocytic, diffuse, moderate to
Disease- myxozoan (PGD) of channel catfish
22 86 Channel Catfish severe, with protozoan spores,
and a species of occurs throughout commercial
channel catfish (Ictalurus
Aurantiactinomyxon catfish
punctatus)
 Bronchiectasis is defined as permanent, abnormal dilatation of
bronchi. It occurs most frequently as an acquired lesion secondary to
some form of bronchitis or bronchopneumonia. A severe suppurative
Lung: Bronchiectasis and
bronchitis damages and weakens the bronchial wall which leads to
bronchiolectasis, diffuse, severe,
pooling of exudates in the bronchial lumen. Inflammatory processes
with bronchiolar plugs, mild
22 87 Cat Bronchiectasis in more distal airways and alveoli contribute to lower airway
bronchiolar gland hyperplasia, and
obstruction and atelectasis. The loss of alveolar tissue leads to
mild neutrophilic, histiocytic, and
traction on the wall of airways during inspiration which contributes to
eosinophilic bronchiolitis
airway expansion. The bronchitis may be of infectious or allergic
etiology, secondary to aspiration or another abnormality such as
immotile cilia syndrome.

Lung: Pneumonia, The conference participants agreed with the contributor's diagnosis
bronchointerstitial, subacute, and comments. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a common
diffuse, moderate, with type II pathogen in dogs, other canids, mustelids, procyonids, and viverrids.
22 88 mink Canine Distemper Virus
pneumocyte hyperplasia, syncytia, Recently, major outbreaks of canine distemper have occurred in
and intranuclear and eosinophilic javelinas (collared peccaries) in the United States, and in big cats in
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies Africa and North America.

Small intestine: Enteritis,

necrotizing, acute, diffuse, severe, Hemorrhagic necrotizing enteritis in newborn foals has been reported
Clostridium perfringens with necrotizing vasculitis, fibrin to be caused by the following Clostridium species: Clostridium
23 89 Quarterhorse
type C thrombi, diffuse transmural perfringens type C, Clostridium perfringens type B, Clostridium
edema, and myriad mucosal sordelli, and Clostridium difficile.
adherent bacilli

Heterotopia of the gastric mucosa is extremely rare in

animals, having been noted in the Beagle breed and the cat.
Heterotopic gastric mucosa in Beagles has only been reported in the
small intestine. In humans, heterotopic gastric mucosa can
Jejunum: Heterotopic fundic occasionally be found in the intestinal tract, most commonly in the
gastric mucosa, segmental, with duodenum, but also in the jejunum, ileum, colon, and
23 90 Dog Gastric Heterotopy
goblet cell hyperplasia, and mild rectum. In most cases, the heterotopic gastric tissue is identified as
multifocal subacute inflammation an isolated finding in the intestinal mucosa, but may be a component
of more complex malformations such
as Meckel's and other small bowel diverticula, enteric duplications,
and various other congenital malformations. In dogs, heterotopic
gastric mucosa has only been reported in the jejunum.

Brain, cerebellum: Malignant
23 91 Dog Meningioma
meningioma, pigmented,
Lung: Pneumonia,
necrogranulomatous,
fibrinohemorrhagic,
Zygomycetes- diffuse, severe, with necrotizing
23 92 Penguin
Rhizopus vasculitis and fungal hyphae,
Magellanic penguin, avian,
etiology consistent with a
mucoraceous zygomycete.
1. Liver: Mineralization, midzonal
Metastatic and multifocal, moderate, with
24 93 Guinea Pig
mineralization multifocal coagulative necrosis,
Hartley guinea pig, rodent.
2. Liver, hepatocytes: Vacuolar
change (lipid type), periportal to
midzonal, diffuse, mild.
Salivary gland, mandibular:
Necrosis, coagulative, diffuse,
Necrotizing
24 94 dog with multifocal neovascularization
sialometaplasia (NS)
and rare multifocal squamous
metaplasia of ductular epithelium
n humans, pigmented meningiomas have been reported in the
past; however, recent immunohistochemical and ultrastructural
studies have shown these tumors to be melanocytic. The existance
of true melanotic meningioma has been questioned. Primary
melanocytic neoplasms of the meninges are recognized in humans
and animals. In the present case, pigmented malignant meningioma
and meningeal malignant melanoma were included in the differential
diagnosis
There are numerous, large,
approximately 10-15 m
diameter fungal hyphae which
are branching, septate, non-
dichotomous, with bulbous
projections. Occasional
vessels have perivascular,
vascular,
and luminal fungi with
inflammation.
Metastatic calcification occurs most often in guinea pigs over 1 year
of age. Dietary factors such as low magnesium and high
phosphorous and calcium intake have been implicated in this
syndrome. High calcium or high phosphorous diets appear to
interfere with magnesium absorption and metabolism
The characteristic histologic findings are ischemic necrosis of
salivary lobules and secondary squamous metaplasia of salivary
ducts. The palatine glands are most commonly affected.
Salivary gland infarction / NS has been reported in at least six small
breed dogs which included the Jack Russell Terrier, Wirehaired Fox
Terrier, West Highland White Terrier, and Pomeranian.
 he correlation between the
distribution of lesions of Lechiguana
and those caused by Dermatobia
hominis suggests that this parasite
may have a role in transmitting or
initiating the disease. Histologically,
Bovine focal proliferative the subcutaneous mass consists of
Subcutis and skeletal muscle: fibrogranulomatous well vascularized mature connective
Panniculitis and myositis, panniculitis (Lechiguana) is a tissue, multifocally calcified and
Lechiguana/
fibrosing, chronic-active, diffuse, disease affecting cattle in infiltrated by numerous eosinophils
Proliferative
severe, with multifocal southern Brazil and is and lesser numbers of lymphocytes,
24 95 Ox fibrogranulomas-
eosinophilic microabscesses, characterized by rapidly plasma cells, and neutrophils.
Pasteurella
Splendore Hoeppli material, growing, large solitary Numerous microabscesses
granulomatis.
bacterial colonies and subcutaneous swellings composed mainly of eosinophils are
mineralization occurring mostly over the found within the connective tissue.
scapula or adjacent areas The mass extends into adjacent
skeletal muscle destroying myofibers;
scattered myofibers are found
entrapped within the connective
tissue mass. Lymphatics within the
mass are dilated and filled with
eosinophils.

Calcific bodies are often found within

Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing,
granulomatous, multifocal to
24 96 Black Crake-Avian Nocardiosis coalescing, severe, with
necrotizing vasculitis and
filamentous bacilli,
gram positive, 0.5 to 1.0 m
the caseated centers of granulomas,
wide, branching, occasionally
are readily stained with H&E and the
beaded, filamentous
PAS reaction and resemble yeast-like
organisms were visible in the
cells. When apposed, these bodies
necrotic centers. These
may look like budding yeast, and their
organisms were acid-fast with
laminated structure creates the
the Fite-Faraco method, but
illusion of a thick cell wall or capsule.
not with the Ziehl-Neelsen
Calcific bodies do not stain with GMS
acid-fast stain.
or Gridley's stains.

he lesions in the case presented here represent chronic periosteal

new bone formation with involvement of the diaphyseal,
metaphyseal, and periarticular regions. The new bone formation
resembles that seen in hypertrophic osteopathy, except that the
Bone, ulna: Hyperostosis, lesions are more widespread. The cancellization of the underlying
Proliferative bone periosteal, chronic, focally cortex likely represents stress shielding of the cortical bone by the
25 97 Ruffled Lemur
disease extensive, severe, with cortical periosteal new bone. The lemur in this case was also found to have
osteopenia membranous glomerulonephritis and chronic interstitial nephritis but
BUN and creatinine were not elevated. No thoracic or abdominal
lesions was found, as might be associated with hypertrophic
osteopathy. The cause of the proliferative bone lesions seen here
and reported in other lemurs is undetermined.

Brain, brain stem:
Meningoencephalitis, subacute,
25 98 Sheep Listeria monocytogenes multifocal, moderate, with
microabcesses, neuronal
necrosis, and numerous bacteria,
Listeriosis occurs in 3 distinct syndromes: 1) abortions, 2) septicemia
with visceral abscesses, and 3) encephalitis. Abortion in ruminants
usually occurs in late gestation, and is not associated with illness of
the dam. Septicemic disease with visceral abscessation is
recognized in neonatal ruminants. Encephalitic listeriosis occurs
mostly in adult ruminants, although younger ewes are at higher risk
than aged ewes. In encephalitic listeriosis, the organism has marked
affinity for the brain stem, primarily the pons and medulla, as was
present in this case. There is evidence that the organism gains
entrance to the brain via cranial nerves, particularly the trigeminal,
rather than via a hematogenous route.

Eye: Panophthalmitis,
Based on histomorphologic
granulomatous, multifocal,
and epidemiologic findings,
moderate to severe, with
25 99 Cat Mycobacterium sp the organisms are most likely
periocular skeletal myositis,
of the Mycobacterium avium-
steatitis, optic neuritis, and myriad
intracellulare complex (MAIC).
bacilli,

Myoepitheliomas most frequently arise in the parotid and

submaxillary salivary glands, and expand the subcutis of the ventral
neck. They can also be associated with the mammary, Harderian,
Haired skin: Myoepithelioma,
25 100 Mouse Myoepithelioma and preputial glands. These tumors can become very large, with
malignant
cystic chambers containing a pink to brown serous fluid. This fluid is
not secretory in nature, but forms through liquefaction of the
neoplasm.

The most consistent finding in horses with clinical signs of chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease is a generalized chronic bronchiolitis.
Lung: Bronchiolitis and bronchitis, Emphysema is less common. Constant features of the chronic
Respiratory lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse, bronchiolitis are epithelial hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia,
26 101 Horse hypersensitivity- moderate, with airway epithelial peribronchiolar fibrosis, and infiltration by lymphocytes and plasma
Heaves COPD hyperplasia, diffuse congestion, cells. Lumina of bronchioles are narrowed by accumulation of
and multifocal alveolar edema, exudate and peribronchiolar fibrosis. Mucus is usually a major
component of the exudate. The presence of eosinophils is quite
variable ranging from very few to numerous.

It is worth mentioning that cats have no perianal (hepatoid) gland

which is a peculiar anatomical structure of dog. Accordingly, based
upon the morphologic features, we suppose that the origin of the
Perianal sebaceous Haired skin, perianal area:
26 102 Cat present tumor is the anal sac-associated sebaceous gland. The
carcinoma Carcinoma, sebaceou
contribution of the sweat gland, the other glandular structure
associated with the anal sac, was eliminated as the histologic criteria
of the present tumor are different from that of apocrine carcinoma.

Cholangocellular
26 103 Cat Liver: Adenocarcinoma,
carcinoma
 Amyloidosis consists of about 90% fibril proteins and 10%
glycoprotein (P component). AL (amyloid light chain) is derived from
1. Liver: Amyloidosis, diffuse,
plasma cells, contains immunoglobulin light chains and is the
severe, with hepatocellular
predominant deposit in primary amyloidosis. It is associated with
26 104 Antelope atrophy and loss, blackbuck
multiple myeloma and is composed of homogeneous light chains of
antelope (Antelope cervicapra),
the ( -VI type) and type or their N-terminal fragments ( -Bence Jones
bovid.
protein, amyloid fibril protein in multiple myeloma), or both. AA
(amyloid-associated) proteins are derived from large protein
precursors in the serum (SAA-serum amyloid associated) that are
produced in the liver in response to interleukin-1, and perhaps other
cytokines, and are associated with the HDL3 subclass of lipoproteins.
SAA is an acute-phase protein associated with inflammatory
reactions. AA proteins have been isolated in vitro from the digestion
2. Liver: Hepatitis, portal, of delipidated SAA by monocytic serine proteases (u-PA, urokinase-
lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse, mild. type plasminogen activator-macrophages and granulocytes). This is
the predominant deposit in secondary amyloidosis.
Recent studies have revealed several other proteins in amyloid
deposits:
1. Transthyretin: A serum protein that binds and transports thyroxine
and retinol. A mutant form of transthyretin and its fragment are
isolated in familial amyloid polyneuropathies (Familial Mediterranean
fever) and amyloidosis associated with aging (Alzheimer's disease) in
3. Spleen, red pulp: Amyloidosis, humans.
diffuse, severe. 2. 2 Microglobulin: component of the MHC class 1 molecule has
recently been isolated in amyloidosis that complicates long term
hemodialysis.
3. 2 Amyloid protein (A 4 protein) constitutes the core of cerebral
amyloid plaques as well as the deposits found in the walls of cerebral
vessels in Alzheimer's disease.
4. IAAP (islet amyloid polypeptide): major component of human and
feline pancreatic islet amyloid and of amyloid in human pancreatic
endocrine tumors, occurs in normal pancreatic cells of numerous
species, is located in the outer lucent zone and dense core of the cell
secretory vesicle in the cat and man, respectively, and is probably co-
secreted with insulin. It inhibits basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen
synthesis in skeletal muscle and is believed to play a role in the
insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus in man.
5. AEF (Amyloid-enhancing factor): a glycoprotein that appears to
alter the metabolism of SAA and may be essential for the deposition
of AA amyloid in experimental models. Note that additional elements
must be required for the deposition of amyloid in tissue since SAA
when reacted to IL-1 in the presence of AEF does not give rise to
amyloid.
6. GAG's (sulfated glycosaminoglycans) have been reported in
several forms of amyloid deposits.
7. In addition to those proteins already described, amyloid deposits
derived from hormone precursors (pro-calcitonin, proinsulin,
medullary carcinoma of the thyroid) and keratin have been reported.
8. P Component (AP), also synthesized in the liver, is structurally
similar to C-reactive protein and is associated with all forms of
amyloidosis.
 3. 2 Amyloid protein (A 4 protein) constitutes the core of cerebral
amyloid plaques as well as the deposits found in the walls of cerebral
vessels in Alzheimer's disease.
4. IAAP (islet amyloid polypeptide): major component of human and
feline pancreatic islet amyloid and of amyloid in human pancreatic
endocrine tumors, occurs in normal pancreatic cells of numerous
species, is located in the outer lucent zone and dense core of the cell
secretory vesicle in the cat and man, respectively, and is probably co-
secreted with insulin. It inhibits basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen
synthesis in skeletal muscle and is believed to play a role in the
insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus in man.
5. AEF (Amyloid-enhancing factor): a glycoprotein that appears to
alter the metabolism of SAA and may be essential for the deposition
of AA amyloid in experimental models. Note that additional elements
4. Spleen: Hemosiderosis, diffuse, must be required for the deposition of amyloid in tissue since SAA
moderate. when reacted to IL-1 in the presence of AEF does not give rise to
amyloid.
6. GAG's (sulfated glycosaminoglycans) have been reported in
several forms of amyloid deposits.
7. In addition to those proteins already described, amyloid deposits
derived from hormone precursors (pro-calcitonin, proinsulin,
medullary carcinoma of the thyroid) and keratin have been reported.
8. P Component (AP), also synthesized in the liver, is structurally
similar to C-reactive protein and is associated with all forms of
amyloidosis.

Wing, carpus: Arthritis,

osteomyelitis and tenosynovitis,
necrotizing, granulomatous and
heterophilic, multifocal to
27 105 Pintail duck Staphylococcus spp
coalescing, severe, with
granulation tissue, periosteal
hyperostosis, and colonies of
cocci
n free living waterfowl, staphylococcosis tends to be sporadic and is
not responsible for large numbers of mortalities. The major
pathological findings include: endocarditis, arthritis, tenosynovitis,
osteomyelitis, peritonitis, hepatitis, splenitis, nephritis, pneumonia,
encephalomyelitis, and enteritis. The most common route of infection
in Anseriforms appears to be through skin wounds

1. Uterus, gravid: Metritis and The death of the fetus was

attributed to loss of blood gram-negative bacteria such as
placentitis, necrotizing, acute,
supply due to placental Klebsiella oxytoca, K. pneumonia,
diffuse, severe, with vasculitis and
27 106 Nude Mouse Enterobacter spp vasculitis and necrosis. The Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter sp.
numerous intracellular and
presence of squamous can cause suppurative utero-ovarian
extracellular bacilli, nude mouse
epithelial cells and meconium infections in nongravid mice
(Nu/JNu), rodent.
within fetal lungs indicates
fetal stress. Enterobacter sp.
2. Fetus: Autolysis, diffuse, are occasionally reported to
moderate. cause placentitis in horses
and sporadic cases of mastitis
3. Fetus, lung: Numerous and urinary tract infections in
squamous epithelial cells and dogs.
meconium. In addition to those listed by
the contributor, the following
bacteria have been isolated
from the reproductive tracts of
 dogs.
In addition to those listed by
the contributor, the following
bacteria have been isolated
4. Fetus, nasal mucosa, dermis, from the reproductive tracts of
dental pulp, tongue: Necrosis and female mice that aborted:
acute inflammation, multifocal, Streptococcus sp., Proteus
mild. mirabilis, and Proteus
vulgaris.

The conference participants agreed with the contributor's diagnosis.

Eye: Choroiditis, lymphocytic,
diffuse, severe, with moderate
27 107 Wallaby Wallal virus- orbivurus anterior uveitis, retinitis, retinal
detachment and intra-ocular
fibrinocellular exudate,
Differential diagnosis for this lesion includes viral infection and
autoimmune reaction. The distribution of these lesions is interesting.
Many orbiviruses cause more generalized, often vascular, lesions.
Other orbiviruses of veterinary importance include: bluetongue virus,
epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer virus, African horse sickness
virus, Palyam virus, Ibaraki virus, and equine encephalosis virus.

Brain: Meningoencephalitis, Marmosets are susceptible to

necrotizing, subacute, multifocal,
moderate to severe, with
27 108 Marmoset Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 astrocytosis, multifocal
hemorrhage, ventriculitis,
vasculitis, and neuronal and
astrocytic eosinophilic intranuclear Encephalitis has not been
inclusion bodies
both herpes simplex and The most characteristic gross lesions
herpes T infection. Both are discrete ulcers, necrotic plaques,
viruses cause systemic and erosions or ulcers of the oral
infection with similar gross mucous membranes and at the
and microscopic lesions. mucocutaneous junction of the lips
described in Herpesvirus T
Intranuclear inclusion bodies and multinucleate syncytial cells are
characteristic findings. The most striking feature herpes simplex
encephalitis is necrosis of neurons, particularly of the temporal
cerebral cortex and the thalamus. Intranuclear inclusions may be
found in neurons and astrocytes.

Colon: Vasculitis,
Malignant Catarrhal lymphohistiocytic, necrotizing,
28 109 Bovine Fever- gamma multifocal, moderate, with diffuse, AlHV-1, OVH-2
herpesvirus mild to moderate, subacute,
erosive colitis

Campylobacter jejuni and C. fetus are among the most commonly

diagnosed causes of ovine abortion. These abortions occur in the
last half of gestation. Grossly, placentitis is rarely apparent. Fetuses
Placenta: Placentitis, necrotizing,
are often slightly to moderately autolytic. Fetal lesions often include a
acute, diffuse, severe, with
28 110 Sheep Campylobacter jejuni fibrinous peritonitis and hepatomegaly with multifocal target-shaped
intratrophoblastic, intravascular,
areas of hepatic necrosis. Suppurative placentitis and pneumonia of
and extracellular bacilli
varying severity are usually present. These fetal lesions are typical
but not pathognomonic of Campylobacter sp. infections. Identical
lesions can be produced by Flexispira rappini.
 1. Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, necrotizing,
acute to subacute, diffuse,
28 111 Horse EHV-1
moderate, with syncytial cells and
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion
bodies, Arabian horse, equine.
2. Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
portal and random, acute,
multifocal, moderate, with
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion
bodies.
3. Adrenal: Adrenalitis,
necrotizing, peracute to acute,
multifocal, moderate, with
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion
bodies.
28 112 Equine Granular cell tumor Lung: Granular cell tumor
1. Mantle, skeletal muscle:
Myositis, amebocytic, multifocal,
Citrobacter freundii and
29 113 Cuttlefish moderate, with bacilli, common
group D Enterococcus
cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis),
cephalopod.
2. Systemic heart:
Endomyocarditis, amebocytic,
diffuse, moderate, with multifocal monomorphic nuclei. In tissue
necrosis.
appear to have "degranulated"
3. Digestive gland: Adenitis,
amebocytic, necrotizing,
multifocal, moderate, with bacilli.
EHV-1 Equine viral abortion
and neurologic disease
EHV-2 Currently recognized
as a gamma herpesvirus
EHV-3 Equine coital
exanthema
neoplastic cells stained
positively for S-100 protein,
glial fibrillary acidic protein
(GFAP) and neuron-specific
enolase (NSE); these findings
are in agreement with
previous reports.
Cephalopods have one type
of blood cell, called
hemocytes or amebocytes,
which contain large
eosinophilic granules and
sections, the cells often
appearing monocyte-like.
EHV-4 Rhinopneumonitis virus
EHV-5 Currently recognized as a
gamma herpesvirus
EHV-1 is the important cause of
single or multiple abortions in mares.
An important distinction is that in
fetuses aborted due to EHV-1, the
lung is the main organ affected. EHV-
1 is the only one causing neurologic
disease (an encephalitis
characterized by a vasculitis) and can
result in neonatal deaths, probably
associated with late term fetal
infections.
The equine pulmonary granular cell
tumor is believed to be of Schwann
cell origin. The cytoplasmic granules
of the neoplastic cells are reported to
stain with luxol fast blue and periodic
acid-Schiff counterstain for myelin
and myelin-breakdown products.
These findings coupled with positive
staining with S-100, GFAP, and NSE
support Schwann cell origin.
They have a total of three hearts: one
systemic heart which is most like that
of mammals and two branchial
hearts. Cuttlefish hearts are part of an
essentially closed circulatory system
and all are prone to bacterial seeding
during septicemia. Cuttlefish do not
have a true liver or pancreas but do
have a digestive gland which has
been called liver or hepatopancreas
by some.
 Feline pansteatitis is a nutritional disease caused by severe vitamin
Adipose tissue: Steatitis, E deficiency. The condition usually results from a diet deficient in
granulomatous, necrotizing, vitamin E or with excessive amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acids,
multifocal, moderate, with which destroy vitamin E. Most cases are caused by an exclusive diet
Nutritional Pansteatitis- multifocal fibrosis, inflamed of red canned tuna or by excessive cod liver oil supplementation.
29 114 Bengal Cat
Vit E deficiency granulation tissue, multinucleate Grossly, multiple, irregular, firm nodules develop diffusely in the
giant cells with intracytoplasmic subcutis and the abdominal mesenteric fat. Systemic signs of fever,
cholesterol clefts, and scattered malaise, pain, anorexia, lethargy or hyperexcitability, and depression
touton giant cells, may precede or occur simultaneously with the development of
nodules.

Langhans- Peripheral nuclei- Foreign Body- Touton giant cell- ring of nuclei
horseshoe shaped disorganized/Central nuclei surrounded by a foamy cytoplasm.

1. Small intestine: Enteritis,

subacute, diffuse, mild, with
mucosal hyperplasia, multifocal
29 115 Sheep Coccidiosis villar blunting and fusion, crypt
abscesses, microerosions, and
epithelial and lamina proprial
coccidian protozoa.
2. Small intestine, Peyer's patch:
Hyperplasia, lymphoid, moderate.

Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,

multifocal, periportal and random,
29 116 Falcon Falcon Adenovirus acute to subacute, with bile stasis
and eosinophilic and basophilic
intranuclear inclusion bodies

Teeth develop from two embryonic tissues. The enamel cap is

derived from the dental lamina, which is an invagination of squamous
epithelium from the lining of the buccal cavity. All other parts of the
tooth, including dentin, cementum, and pulp, arise from the
Nasal cavity: Ameloblastoma, with
30 117 Rabbit Ameloblastoma embryonic mesenchyme. Classification of odontogenic neoplasms is
hard substance, lop-eared rabbit,
based on the inductive concept of odontogenesis: ameloblastic
epithelium induces differentiation of dental papilla mesenchyme into
odontoblasts, which forms dentin. The dentin induces ameloblasts to
form enamel.

Ameloblastoma is a rare neoplasia of tooth root origin and has never been reported in the rabbit. The
tumor is locally invasive and locally destructive to bone. Metastasis has not been reported. The histologic
criteria to be alerted to are the irregular islands with peripheral palisading columnar cells with polarized
nuclei away from the basement membrane, and the stellate reticulum within the central region.

1. Uterus: Endometrial
hypertrophy with symplasma
formation, ferret (Mustela furo),
30 118 Ferret
mustelid.
2. Uterus: Endometritis, acute,
multifocal, mild.
Liver: Granulomas, eosinophilic,
multiple, coalescing, with
bioperculate barrel-shaped
30 119 Rabbit Capillaria hepatica nematode eggs, hare (Lepus
europaeus), lagomorph, etiology
consistent with Capillaria
hepatica.
1. Small intestine: Enteritis,
necrotizing, subacute,
fibrinosuppurative and
BVD, Salmonella, E hemorrhagic, transmural, severe,
30 120 Bovine
coli, Pasteurella with necrotizing vasculitis,
thrombosis, lymphoid necrosis
and depletion, bacilli and fungal
hyphae
2. Esophagus: Esophagitis,
necrotizing, subacute, multifocal,
moderate, with intra- epithelial
cleavage vesicles, Holstein,
bovine.
Pseudopregnancy in the ferret can develop following a sterile mating,
or as result of hormonal imbalance caused by reduced light intensity
one month before breeding. The history of this ferret prior to receipt
from the vendor is unknown.
Histological changes in the endometrium are the same in the
pregnant and pseudopregnant uterus. Features of the endometrium
in the present case include dilated glands containing large amounts
of secretory material, marked enlargement of luminal and glandular
epithelial cells with extreme karyomegaly, symplasma formation, and
sloughing of symplasmic masses into the uterine lumen. There are
also small accumulations of neutrophils within some dilated glands.
These features are similar to the appearance of the endometrium 20
to 25 days following breeding. Symplasma formation occurs as the
most superficial hypertrophied epithelial cells lose their integrity
and form masses of protoplasm containing whole or fragmented
nuclei. The duration of pseudopregnancy is identical to pregnancy
(40-42 days). The endometrium breaks down between day 35 and
day 40, and resembles the anestrous state by day 45.
Capillaria spp. are aphasmids
and are classified in the group
Trichinellina, which includes
both Capillariidae and
Trichuridae
The cow had classical mucosal disease and was also infected with
Salmonellaserogroup E. Probably the cow was persistently infected
with a non-cytopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus and was
recently exposed to a cytopathic BVD strain or a cytopathic mutant of
the persisting strain. Two of the other affected herdmates were also
positive for BVD virus and were infected with Salmonella serogroup
E. By genomic typing, BVD isolates are divided in BVD VIRUS type 1
and type 2. Both cytopathic and non-cytopathic isolates are found
among each subtype.
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx notes notes/DDX
1989-1990
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
Greyhound cutaneous
1 1 Dog suppurative, ulcerative, with
and renal vasculopathy
vasculitis and thrombosis, chronic
Kidney: Glomerulitis and
vasculitis, necrotizing with
hemorrhage and thrombosis
2 dog Odontoma Maxilla: Odontoma
dental pad: stomatitis,
Bovine Papular lymphohistiocytic with balooning
3 Bovine stomatitis degeneration and intraepithelial
(parapoxvirus) intracytoplasmic eosinophilic
inclusions
4 Canine Plasmacytoma Haired skin: Plasmacytoma
5 Canine Plasmacytoma Lip: Plasmacytoma Lambda light chain positive
eye: Endophthalmitis,
2 6 Canine Uveitis, Phacoclastic fibrinosuppurative, with lens
rupture and retinal detachment
Multiple sections of lung show
The splenopancreas shows acinar
Lung: Pneumonia, proliferative, hyperplastic changes of the
necrosis with heterophils and interstitial
Ophidian diffuse, with intracytoplasmic surface epithelium lining septa
7 Kingsnake lymphocytic inflammation. Some
Paramyxovirus eosinophilic inclusions and with loss of basilar nuclear
pancreatic ducts contain masses of
syncytial cells orientation, swelling, and
degenerating heterophils.
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Subcutis: Fat necrosis with Unstained refractile material in
Vit E deficiency Fat
8 Ferret suppurative and granulomatous adipocytes are calcium salts of
necrosis
steatitis fatty acids
Hemorrhagic necrosis within
affected regions was
Thrombotic Brain: Encephalitis, hemorrhagic
characterized by well delineated
9 Bovine Meningoencephalitis/ and suppurative with vasculitis
pale neuropil around blood
Histophilosis and gram negative bacilli
vessels with necrotizing vasculitis
and thrombosis.
Small intestine: Enteritis,
Anemia and fatty liver are also
3 10 Feline Feline Leukemia virus necrotizing with villosu atrophy
FeLV associated conditions
and crypt loss
Hypercellularity is associated with
Bone Marrow: Hypercellularity Lymphoid tissues and bone marrow
proliferation of poorly
with myeloid metaplasia have prominence of immature forms
differentiated blast cells
Liver: Cholangiohepatitis
Lymphocytic often accompanied by pancreatic
11 Feline lymphocytic chronic bridging with ddx lymphoma
Cholangiohepatitis inflammation
biliary hyperplasia, capsulitis
Kindey: Nephritis, interstitial,
this pattern was atypical of
12 Canine Leptospira spp lymphoplasmacytic, ddx: encpehalitozoon cuniculi
leptospira
pyogranulomatous
 Small size and prominent
Stomach: Gastritis, chronic,
cuticular ridges and the location Comparative: Ostertagia, Nochtia
13 Feline Ollulanus tricuspis proliferative, with mucosal fibrosis
on the mucosal surface and in nochti, and Trichostrongylus axei
and trichostrongylid nematodes
crypts
Heart: Myocarditis, necrotizing 3-5 um round to oval budding
4 14 Equine Candida tropicalis with intralesional yeast and yeast (blastospores) mixed with
pseudohyphae pseudohyphae and hyphae
Lung: Granulomas, multifocal,
15 Deer Mycobacterium bovis
with mineralization
Haired skin and subcutis: Should not be confused with
Phaeohyphomycosis Dermatitis and panniculitis, focally Chromoblastomycosis- large 6-12
16 feline
(Exophiala jeanselmei) extensive, with dematiaceous um thick walled dark brown
fungal elements muriform cells (sclerotic bodies)
Skin, hypodermis, and muscle:
Red Spot Disease/ Dermatitis, panniculitis, and
17 Fish Oomycosis Mycotic myositis, necrotizing, red spot dz- cutaneous ulceration
Dermatitis and myositis granulomatous, with intralesional
fungal hyphae
Brain stem: Neuronal vacuolation,
5 18 Sheep Scrapie
multifocal, with gliosis
Small Intestine: Enteritis,
19 Equine Clostridium perfringens necrohemorrhagic, diffuse, with
myriad large bacilli
Kidney: glomerulitis, fibrinous,
ddx: Erysipelas, strep,
20 Porcine Salmonella cholerasuis with bacterial emboli, with
Haemophilus
hemorrhage and tubular necrosis
cauda Equina: Polyneuritis,
Neuritis of the Cauda lymphoplasmacytic, fibrosing with
21 Equine
Equina hemorrhage, axonal degeneration
and Schwann cell proliferation

Spinal Cord: Axonal degeneration

Haired skin: Dermal mucinosis large lakes of dermal mucin that
Dermal Mucinosis
6 22 Canine with acanthosis and follicular widely separate preexisting
(normal Shar Pei skin)
keratosis collagen
Haired skin: Folliculitis and
furunculosis, suppurative, diffuse,
trichophyton with chronic hyperplastic
23 Bovine
verrucosum dermatitis, intracorneal pustules
and endothrix and ectothrix
arthrospores and hyphae
Haired skin: dermatitis and
diabetes mellitus and
panniculitis, histiocytic with
24 Feline Xanthomatosis hypertriglyceridemia,
acicular clefts and lipid laden
hypothyroidism
macrophages (xanthomatosis)
 Nodular masses of cells oriented
around follicles below the DDX: necrobiotic granulomas, canine
infundibulum and encompassing cutaneous histiocytoma, cutaneous
Multinodular Haired skin: Dermatitis,
the hair bulb consisting of histiocytosis, sterile nodular panniculitis,
25 Canine granulomatous granulomatous, periadnexal,
macrophages, lymphocytes, and familial systemic histiocytosis of
dermatitis, periadenxal nodular, multifocal to coalescing
plasma cells with rare neutrophils; Bernese Mtn Dogs and sebaceous
preservation of apocrine glands adenitis of standard poodles
and epithelium
7 26 canine Adenocarcinoma Stomach: adenocarcinoma
The larval stage of Taenia
Liver: Strobilocercus with taeniaformis is considered a
cysticercus fasciolaris/ associated chronic inflammation strobilocercus at 42 days PI when
27 Muskrat
Capillaria hepatica with granulomatous heptitis with the scolex evaginates and
Capillaria eggs becomes connected to the
bladder by segmented strobila
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial,
diffuse, severe, with type II amorphous foamy eosinophilic Interstitial pneumonia, alveolar
28 Canine Pneumocystis carinii pneumocyte hyperplasia, intra- material in alveoli. Organisms can histiocytosis and hypertrophy of Type II
alveolar histiocytosis and be demonstrated by GMS. pneumocytes
eosinophilic flocculent material
Marked mucosal hyperplasia,
Colon: Hyperplasia with
increased crypt height, crowding
29 Mouse citrobacter rodentium submucosal and mesenteric ddx: helicobacter
and decrease or absence of
subacute inflammation
goblet cells.
non-progressive pannecrosis of the
Nigropallidal Centaurea repens- knapweed, globus pallidus and substantia nigra.
8 30 Equine encephalomalacia/ Brain stem: Encephalomalacia Centaurea solstitialis- yellow star Sharply defined margins between living
russian knapweed thistle and necrotic tissues. Later lesions are
phagocytic
Plasma cell myeloma requires at
least two fo the following: 1)
neoplastic plasma cells (BM,
Bone Marrow: Plasma cell
31 Equine Plasma cell myeloma spleen, liver), 2) Monoclonal
myeloma
gammopathy, 3) Osteolytic
lesions 4) Bence-jones
proteinuria
Adenoviral infection: degeneration and
Combined
Spleen, thymus: Lymphoid necrosis of epithelial cells of respiratory
32 Equine Immunodeficiency CID: autosomal recessive
hypoplasia tract, urinary tract, lacrinal, salivary and
Syndrome/ Adenovirus
pancreatic glands
Pancreas, ducts: Necrosis,
multifocal with hyperplasia,
periductal fibrosis and basophilic
intranuclear inclusions
Pancreas, acini: degranulation
and atrophy
Lung: pneumonia, necrotizing,
33 Equine Aspergillus spp with infarction and intralesional
fungal hyphae
 Lung: Alveolar septal
mineralization
Lung: Pleuritis, chronic, fibrosing
Mosquito borne- RNA virus
ddx: Toxins, Wesselbron disease, IBR,
(Phlebovirus; Bunyaviridae):
Liver: necrosis and hemorrhage, blue-green algae, parasitic migration,
9 34 Bovine Rift Valley Fever Young animals- focal hepatic
centrilobular, random, multifocal Salmonella, clostridium, Tyzzers,
necrosis, ecchymoses, abortion
Fusobacterium necrophorum
storms
Lung, blood vessels, liver: C. felis has an intraerythrocytic
Protozoal schizonts, phase of 1.0-1.5 um ring forms
35 Feline Cytauxzoon felis
intrahistiocytic with hemorrhage and a schizont stage within
and edema mononuclear phagocytic cells
Brain: Mencingoencephalitis,
necrotizing, with necrotizing
36 Sheep Acanthomoeba sp
vasculitis, protozoal trophozoites
and cysts
D. congolensis Is a keratinophilic
actinomycete that causes
Haired skin: Epidermitis,
Dermatophilus epidermitis and dermatitis.
37 Equine hyperplastic, diffuse, severe, with
congolensis Multiple rows of coccoid
intralesional filamentous bacteria
organisms which develop into
motile zoospores
dogs: uveitis, poliosis and vitiligo.
Prominent granulomatous uveitis,
Eye: Panuveitis, necrotizing,
pigment laden cells, retinal
granulomatous, chronic, with
detachment, and destruction of
10 38 Canine Panuveitis (VKH) retinal necrosis, cataracts, and
the RPE. Skin- lichenoid interface
vitreal hemorrhage and chronic
dermatitis, decreased or absent
keratitis
melanin in the epidermis and hair
follicles
late term abortions- neonatal
Liver: hepatitis, necrotizing,
39 Bovine Listeria monocytogenes septicemia (liver, viscera)-
random, with gram positive bacilli
Encephalitis/brainstem
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
mesangioproliferative, generalized
Borrelia burgdorferi and diffuse with proteinuria,
40 Canine
(Lyme disease) crescent formation, mineralization,
and secondary tubulointerstitial
nephritis, and tubular necrosis
Skeletal muscle: Degeneration ddx: monensin, gossypol,
41 Bovine Cassia occidentalis and necrosis, acute, diffuse, with coyotillo, metals, exertional
Sarcocysts myopathy, nutritional myopathy
immunocompetence occurs
Esophagus: Esophagitis,
11 42 Bovine BVDv between 150-200 days; PI occurs
ulcerative, multifocal moderate
with infection before 150 days
Colon: colitis, necrotizing,
subacute, diffuse, moderate with fetal defects 100-150 days
crypt abscesses
 Haired skin: dermatitis,
necrotizing, subacute, focally
extensive, with epidermal Capripox genus: goatpox, Poxviruses with hyperplastic and
hyperplasia, balooning sheeppox, and bovine lumpy skin neoplastic lesions- Shope fibroma virus
43 Goat Goatpox (Capripox) degeneration, and disease: Severe systemic disease of Rabbits, Squirrel fibroma, Yabapox in
microvesiculation, vasculitis, and also occurs with monkeypox, monkeys, myxomatosis of European
eosinophilic intracytoplasmic fowlpox, and ectromelia rabbits and Molluscum contagiosum
inclusions in epidermal and
mesenchymal cells
Mycotoxin from Pithomyces
Liver: fibrosis, portal and bridging, chartarum- causes facial eczema
ddx: Lantana camara (hepatocellular
diffuse with bile duct proliferation, (New Zealand). Primary hepatic
44 Bovine Sporidesmin toxicity megalocytosis), aflatoxicosis ,
biliary stasis and random lesion is necrotizing cholangitis,
pyrrolizidine alkaloids (megalocytosis).
hepatocellular necrosis multifocal necrosis and bile
pooling
Spinal cord: Poliomyelomalacia, severe microcavitation, endothelial cell
Selenium toxicity bilaterally symmetrical, focally cervical and lumbar spinal cord, proliferation, neuronal degeneration and
45 Porcine
poliomyelomalacia extensive, moderate, with ventral horns, brain. necrosis, cytoplasmic eosinophilia and
endothelial proliferation chromatolysis
comparative selenium toxicosis-
congestive and enteric disease-
ddx: 6-aminonicotinamide
hemorrhagic enteritis and proctatitis,
(antimetabolite of niacin)
hepatitis, renal tubular necrosis- death
by respiratory and cardiac failure
Heart: Myocarditis, necrotizing, most animals develop myocardial
encephalomyocarditis
12 46 Baboon subacute, multifocal, with lesions, encephalitis in mice and
virus (Picornaviridae)
myocardial mineralization owl monkeys
Lung: Pneumonia,
Pseudotuberculosis, with possible
Corynebacterium necrosuppurative, multifocal to
47 Rat pleuritis, pericarditis, hepatitis, resemble "chinese letters"
kutscheri coalescing, severe with large
and nephritis
bacterial colonies
Liver: Myriads of 2-6 um budding yeast, thick cell
Blastomyces
48 Owl Monkey intrahepatocellular, intrahistiocytic walls, central basophilic
dermatiditis
and extracellular yeast structures, broad based buds.

respiratory epithelium is usually

Lung: Bronchiolitis and denuded or attenuated, the wall of the
parabronchiolitis, eosinophilic and lung mite cyst consists of lymphocytes,
Pneumonyssus spp Gross lesions- multifocal gray
49 Macaque granulomatous, chronic with plasma cells, eosinophils, and
(simicola) nodules
bronchiectasis, and intraluminal pigmented macrophages. Pigmented
arthropods macrophages contain anisotropic
spicules
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial, IgM mesangial nephropathy of
Chronic Interstitial chronic, diffuse, with marked callithricids/ or mild glomerular
13 50 Marmoset
Nephritis fibrosis and multifocal changes secondary to interstitial
mineralization nephritis
 Theileria- tick transmitted
parasitic protozoa- results in
Cerebrum: Encephalomalacia,
thrombosis and infarction:
multifocal, severe, vasculitis,
51 Zebu Theileria Diagnosis is based on presence ddx: Lymphoblastic leukemia
thrombosis, and intravascular
of large numbers of schizonts,
lymphoblasts containing protozoa
loose or within lymphoblasts in
smears from thrombosed vessels
Gallbladder: Cholecystitis,
eosinophilic diffuse with
Canine Distemper/
52 Racoon intraepithelial eosinophilic
Cryptosporidiosis
cytoplasmic inclusions; and
mucosal protozoa
Gentamicin primarily affects
Kidney: tubular necrosis, acute, proximal convoluted tubules-->
53 Canine Gentamicin toxicity diffuse with regeneration and hyaline droplet degeneration with
mineralization loss of brush border and dilated
lumina to necrosis.
Accumulation of abnormal lipid is
Similar to gangliosidosis (GM1-
Solanum fastigiatum Cerebellum, Purkinje cells: the primary histologic change;
14 54 Bovine galactocerebrosidase or GM2,3-
toxicosis Degeneration and loss, diffuse axonal spheroids in the granular
hexosaminidase deficiency)
layer
Kidney: lgomerulonephritis,
mesangioproliferative with
Glomerulonephritis/
55 Canine crescents, interstitial nephritis,
Ethylene glycol
nephrocalcinosis and oxalate
deposition
Proventriculus: Granulomas,
multiple, transmural with
56 Heron Eustrongylidiasis Common in herons and egrets
peritoneal fibrosis and
intralesional nematodes
ddx: Adenovirus in chickens;
Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
herpesvirus in parrots, pigeons,
multifocal, with hepatocellular
57 Owl Owl Herpesvirus owls and hawks and ducks;
eosinophilic intranuclear
parvovirus in geese; papovavirus
inclusions
in budgerigars
Liver: hepatitis, necrotizing with
Hepatitis, unclassified
15 58 Marmoset vacuolar change and acidophilic
virus
bodies
Kidney: Glomerular necrosis and
Cystic lesions in glomerular tufts due to
thrombosis, segmental to global,
mesangiolysis: sublethal endothelial damage followed
Mesangiolysis, generalized with mesangiolysis,
59 Canine glomerulonephritis, diabetes, by segmental balooning of capillary
Envenomation mild tubular degeneration,
ischemia, chemical toxins, loops and eventually formation of
necrosis and mineralization with
hemorrhagic cysts,
hyalin casts
Spinal cord: Axonal degeneration,
60 Goat copper deficiency multifocal with swollen myelin
sheaths
Heart: Necrotizing arteritis and
61 Avian Papovavirus periarteritis with necrotizing necrosis of the tunica media
myocarditis
 Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
Glasser's disease
16 62 Porcine suppurative with
(Haemophilus parasuis)
fibrinosuppurative pleuritis
Brain: Meningitis, suppurative
Pericardium: Pericarditis
Spleen: Hyperplasia,
Avian Adenovirus II/
reticuloendothelial, diffuse, severe
63 Turkery Hemorrhagic enteritis/
with basophilic intranuclear
marble spleen disease
inclusions
Colon: colitis, necrotizing, with
64 Bovine Coronavirus
crypt epithelial hyperplasia
Lung: Bronchopneumoniam
Pneumonia, foreign granulomatous with emphysema
65 Porcine
body and intralesional granular bi-
refringent particles
Small Intestine: Enteritis,
fibrinosuppurative, necrotizing ddx: E coli, Yersinia,
17 66 Macaque Shigella flexneri
with villosu loss and crypt Campylobacter, Salmonella
abscesses
67 Rat Cholangiocarcinoma Liver: Cholangiocarcinoma
Heart: Pericarditis,
fibrinosuppurative (with myofiber Myofiber changes were
68 Chimp Haemophilus influenzae similar to Haemoophilus parasuis
degeneration, swelling and considered separate
vacuolation)
Submaxillary salivary gland:
Sialoadenitis, lymphocytic with ddx: Polyoma virus (intranuclear)
69 Mouse Cytomegalovirus acinar and ductal epithelial reovirus, experimental infection
cytomegaly and intranuclear and with sialodacryoadenitis virus
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Liver: Hepatitis, necrotizing,
18 70 Rabbit
Disease (Calicivirus) diffuse
Thyroid hyperplasia Thyroid gland: follicular
71 Minnows
(goiter) hyperplasia, diffuse (goiter)
Feather: Pulpitis, subacute,
Psittacine Beak and diffuse with follicular epithelial
72 Cockatoos Feather Disease necrosis and epithelial
(Circovirus) intranuclear and histiocytic
intracytoplasmic inclusions
Skeletal muscle: Myopathy
Muscular dystrophy characterized by hypertrophy,
73 Feline Duchenne, X linked
(dystrophin deficiency) necrosis, regeneration, myocyte
splitting and fibrosis
Simian Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, with
Immunodeficiency intra-alveolar syncytial giant cells/ ddx mycobacterial pnuemonia;
19 74 Macaque
Virus/ Pneumocystis and intraalveolar flocculent giant cell pneumonia (measles)
carinii material
 1) relatively large neoplasm
(larger than any oncocytoma), 2)
cytoplasmic granules not as
75 Rat renal carcinoma Kidney: renal cell carcinoma
intensely eosinophilic, 3) High
mitotic rate, 4) nuclei varied in
size
Lung: Bronchitis/ bronchiolitis,
76 Guiniea pig Adenovirus necrotizing with intranuclear ddx cytomegalovirus
inclusion bodies
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial with
vasculitis, fibrin exudation, and
hyaline membrane
proliferation of spindle cells
Maxillary mass: Ameloblastic
77 Guinea pig Ameloblastic odontoma makes this more an ameloblastic
odontoma
fibro-odontoma
cytoplasmic vacuolation followed
by necrosis suggests toxic
Kindey: Proximal tubular
20 78 Hamster Cadmium toxicity necrosis, whereas patchy
degeneration and necrosis
coagulative necrosis is
characteristic of ischemia
Lung: Bronchus associated
CAR bacillus and
79 Rat lymphoid tissue: Hyperplasia with
Mycoplasma pulmonis
cilia-associated bacteria
Thickened hyalinized glomerular
and cortical tubular basement
membranes, dilatation of cortical
tubules by homogenous
eosinophilic proteinaceous casts,
Chronic progressive
80 Rat Kidney: Nephropathy regenerative tubules with
Nephropathy
cuboidal basophilic epithelium,
glomerular adhesions. Increased
mesangial density and interstitial
accumulations of mononuclear
inflammatory cells
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
81 Mouse Aspiration pneumonia pyogranulomatous, multifocal to
coalescing with plant material.
Malignant round cell Duodenum: malignant round cell
21 82 Feline "gobule leukocyte tumor"
tumor with granules tumor with eosinophilic granules
Spleen, red pulp and cords of
Simian Hemorrhagic
83 Rhesus Bilroth: Necrosis and fibrin
Fever
deposition
Spleen: White pulp- Necrosis,
diffuse with marginal zone
hemorrhage
Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, extrapulmonary lesions-
Caprine Arthritis- subacute, with marked type II Secondary suppurative leukoencephalomyelitis, chronic
84 Goat
Encephalitis virus pneumocyte hyperplasia and bronchopneumonia proliferative arthritis, and carpal
BALT hyperplasia hygromas, lymphocytic mastitis
 Bone Marrow: Myeloproliferative
Myeloproliferative
85 Canine disease with myelofibrosis and
disease
osteomyelosclerosis
Spleen: myeloproliferative disease
Hypertrophic
Bone Metaphysis: Osteomyelitis
Osteodystrophy
22 86 Canine and vasculitis, necrosuppurative
(Metaphyseal
with trabecular microfractures
Osteopathy)
The costochondal junction is
widened with irregular
mineralization of the hypertrophic
Rib: Osteodystrophy with
zone and the primary spongiosa
metaphyseal infraction, osteoblast
has widened elongated cartilage
Vitamin C deficiency, atrophy and osteonecrosis with
87 Macaque cores that are lined by a thin rim
Osteodystrophy medullary fibrosis, periosteal
of amorphous and amphophilic
hemorrhage, and cambial
bone (scorbutic lattice). A few
hyperplasia
immature bone spicules have
microfractures and fibrosis
around fracture sites
IN dog and horse: the lesions develop
earlier is association with metaphyseal
growth plates with confluent bone
Bone: Multiple cartilaginous Partially ossified protuberances of
Multiple cartilaginous marrow; In Cats- tumors occur in young
88 Feline exostoses/ Feline cartilage and bone usually arising
exostoses adults, often involve the skull, seldom
Osteochonrdromatosis (FelV) from bone of endochondral origin.
involve the long bones and typically do
not develop near osteochondral
junctions
Stifle: Osteoarthrosis, moderate
with articular cartilage fibrillation,
89 Guinea pig Osteoarthritis
clefts, erosion, and chondrones
and by periarticular osteophytes
Cerebrum, glia and neurons:
Swelling, vacuolation, and
23 90 Feline GM2 gangliosidosis Hexosaminidase deficiency
degeneration, diffuse, moderate
with axonal degeneration
Adenocarcinoma,
91 Frog Herpesvirus/ Kidney: adenocarcinoma, papillary Lucke's herpesvirus
Microsporidial oophoritis
Ovary: Oophoritis,
xenoma- Glugea and
granulomatouswith follicular
Pleistophora, Microsporidium
rupture and intrahistiocytic
schuetzi
microscporidia
Ovarian follicle: Hypertrophy,
cystic with myriads of
microsporidian parasites
 Acetominophen --> P450 -->
cats lack the specific glucuronyl
Liver: Necrosis, centrilobular, active metabolite --> glutathione
92 Canine Acetominophen toxicity transferase to conjugate the reactive
diffuse transferase conjugation --> Non-
metabolite
toxic
Lung: Pneumonia,
Mycobacterium pyogranulomatous, multifocal with
93 Canine
tuberculosis acid fast bacilli,
andgranulomatous pleuritis
Liver: necrosis, multifocal to
coalescing with hepatocellular Herpes B is indigenous to
24 94 Patas Monkey Herpesvirus B (simiae) syncytia and eosinophilic to Macaques- clinical infection is
amphophilic intranuclear lingual abd labial vesicles
inclusions
Endocardial grossly: white opaque firm coating over the endocardial surface. They are
95 Rat Heart: Endocardial schwannoma
schwannoma malignant neoplasms which are locally invasive. May arise from
Blastemal, epithelial, and stromal
96 Rat Nephroblastoma Kidney: Nephroblastoma
elements
Small Intestine: Enteritis,
Yersinia
97 Goat necrotizing with coccobacilli with
pseudotuberculosis
proliferation
Liver: Cirrhosis with multifocal
portal to random subacute
Cirrhosis/ Copper
25 98 Canine hepatitis, hepatocellular necrosis copper toxicosis
toxicosis
and hepatocellular cytoplasmic
pigment granules
Lymphoplasmacytic Central Pawpad: Pododermatitis,
99 Feline
pododermatitis ulcerative, lymphoplasmacytic

Trilaminar morphology- peripheral

dense fibrous tissue, surrounding
Multilobular Mass from calvarium and lung: a myxomatous layer with
100 Canine ddx: Multilobular osteoma/chondroma
osteochrondrosarcoma Multilobular osteochonrdosarcoma polyhedral mesenchymal cells
(cambium layer), and a central
chondro-osseous tissue.
Extraocular skeletal muscle: retractor bulbi was not involved/
101 Canine Polymyositis
Myositis, lymphohistiocytic immune mediated
Placenta: Placentitis,
26 102 sheep Coxiella burnetti necrohemorrhagic with acute
vasculitis
Placenta, chorion: chorionitis,
103 Equine Nocardia sp necrosuppurative with gram
positive filamentous bacteria
104 Panda Lymphosarcoma Lymph nodes: Lymphosarcoma
vacuolation of endometrial
surface epithelium, uterine lumen
Subinvolution of Uterus: Involution, incomplete with consists of mixture of amorphous
105 Canine
Placental Sites hemorrhage eosinophilic material, tissue
debris and endometrium
attempting regeneration
 Cerebrum: Encephalomeningitis,
nonsuppurative, diffuse, mild, with
27 106 Equine Borna Disease
neuronal eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusion bodies
Lung, pleura: Pleuritis,
Streptococcus
107 Equine fibrinosuppurative, chronic diffuse
zooepidemicus
with mixed bacterial colonies
Lung: Bronchitis/bronchiolitis,
Equine Herpes-4- necrotizing, acute, multifocal with
EHV-1--> abortions and
108 Equine Equine multifocal interstitial pnuemonia
vasculitis, encephalitis
Rhinopneumonitis and eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusions
Kidney: Nephritis, granulomatous
109 Equine Halicephalobus deletrix and eosinophilic with larval and
adult rhabditid nematodes
Brachyspira Colon: colitis, necrosuppurative, Goblet cell depletion in colonic
28 110 Porcine hyodysenteriae/ with mild epithelial hyperplasia crypts with dilation fo crypts with
Balantidium and intraluminal protozoa mucus
Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
111 Canine Bunyavirus LaCrosse virus of California
necrotizing, nonsuppurative
Teat, epidermis: Multifocal
hyperplastic dermatitis with Cowpox, vaccinia and
112 Bovine Poxvirus hydropic degeneration of the pseudocowpox have predilection
epidermis and intracytoplasmic for teats and udders.
inclusions
Small intestine: Enteritis,
The organisms are usually found
Neorickettsia necrotizing, diffuse, with villous
113 Canine in macrophages in GI, LN and
helminthoeca atrophy, blunting and fusion and
spleen
crypt hyperplasia
Lymph node: Lymphoid depletion,
hemorrhage and edema with
sinus histiocytosis
Bacterial Kidney Disease-
Liver, heart, spleen, kidney:
Renibacterium exophthalmos, skin darkening,
29 114 Salmon Necrogranulomatous inflammation
Salmonarium hemorrhage, cutaneous vesicles,
with phagocytized coccobacilli
granulomas in organs,
Malignant histiocytosis/ Lung: Malignant histiocytosis/
115 Canine
histiocytic sarcoma disseminated histiocytic sarcoma
Liver: Hepatitis, portal,
granulomatous and eosinophilic
116 Monkey Schistosomiasis
with schistosome eggs, vasculitis
and thrombosis
Lymph node: Lymphadenitis,
granulomatous and eosinophilic
Mesenteric arteriies: Vasculitis,
eosinophilic
 Kidney: Glomerular thrombosis
Aeomonas hydrophila red-leg disease in frogs, Oxalate crystals are common incidental
117 Frog and necrosis, multifocal with
septicemia ulcerative stomatitis in snakes finding in renal tubules of frogs
tubular ectasia and degeneration
30 118 Raccoon Sarcocystosis N/A
Lymphomatois
119 Canine N/A
granulomatosis
Malignant Catarrhal
120 Bovine N/A
Fever
Malignant Catarrhal
121 Bovine N/A
Fever