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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

ALGEBRA

Question 1

An arithmetic sequence is defined in such a way that the 15th term, u 15 = 92 , and the 3rd term,
u 3 = 56 .
(a) Determine
(i) the common difference.
(ii) the first term.
(b) Calculate S 12 .

Question 2

u
A geometric sequence is such that its 4th term, u 4 = 135 and the ratio ----9- = 3 5 .
u4
(a) Find (i) the common ratio.
(ii) the first term.
(b) If S 10 = a ( b – 1 ) , determine the real constants a and b.

Question 3

Consider the sequence defined by the equation u n = 1 – 9n, n = 1, 2, 3, … , where u n


represents the nth term of the sequence.

(a) Write down the value of u 1, u 2 and u 3 .


10
(b) Calculate ∑ ( 1 – 9n ) .
n=1

Question 4

Solve for x in each of the following equations

(a) log 2x 4 = log 16 .


2
(b) log x27 = 3 .
(c) log 432 = x .
(d) log 3( 1 – x ) – log 3x = 2 .

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 5

The nth term of a sequence is given by


2
u n = --- × 3 n, n = 1, 2, 3, … .
3
20

∑  --3- × 3 n
2
If = a ( 3 20 – b ) , determine the values of a and b.
n=1

Question 6

Solve the following equations for x.

(a) x – 4 = 4.
(b) x – 4 = 4.
(c) log 2( x – 4 ) = 4 .
(d) x2 – 4 = 4 .
(e) log 2( x – 2 ) + log 2( x + 2 ) = 2 .

Question 7

Solve the following equations for x.

(a) (i) 2x – 1 = 14 .
3–x
(ii) ----------- = x .
2
(b) ( x – 2)( x + 1) = 1 .

Question 8

(a) (i) Factorise the quadratic expression x 2 – 6x + 5 .


(ii) Solve the inequality for x, where x 2 – 6x + 5 > 0 .
(b) For what values of x is
(i) log 10( 6 – x ) defined?
(ii) log 10( x – 4 ) defined?
(c) Solve for x, the equation log 10( x 2 – 6x + 5 ) = log 10( 6 – x ) + log 10( x – 4 ) .

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Question 9

(a) (i) Expand ( a + 1 ) ( a 2 + 2a – 1 ) .


(ii) Solve for a the equation a 3 + 3a 2 + a – 1 = 0 .

(b) Solve for x where ( ln x ) 3 + 3 ( ln x ) 2 + ln x = 1 .

Question 10

(a) (i) Expand ( x + a ) ( x + 1 ) .


(ii) Factorise x 2 + 3x + 2 .

(b) Solve each of the following equations for x,


(i) x 2 – ( e + 1 )x + e = 0 .
(ii) e 2x – ( e + 1 )e x + e = 0 .

Question 11

The first three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence are k – 2, 2k +1 and 4k +2.

(a) Find the value of k.

(b) Find (i) u 10 .


(ii) S 10 .

Question 12

The first three terms of a geometric sequence are given by 3 + 1, x and 3 – 1 , where x > 0.

(a) Find x.

(b) Find S ∞ .

Question 13

1
Given that --- + 1 + 2 + 2 2 + … + 2 10 = a × 2 b + c , find the values a, b and c.
2

Question 14

A geometric sequence is such that each term is equal to the sum of the two terms directly
following it. Find the positive common ratio.

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Question 15

An arithmetic sequence is such that u p = q and u q = p .

(a) Find, in terms of p and q, u 1 .

(b) Find S p + q .

Question 16

Solve each of the following equations for x.

(a) x2 + x – 2 = 0 .

( ln ( x ) ) 2 – ln  --- – 2 = 0 .
1
(b)
 x
x –x
(c) 2 –2×2 + 1 = 0.

Question 17

(a) Expand ( 2a + 1 ) ( 3 – a ) .

(b) Solve (i) log 10( 2x – 5 ) + log 10( x ) = log 103 .


2x – 1 x–1
(ii) 2×3 –5×3 – 1 = 0.

Question 18

Find k if (i) log 2( 2k – a ) = 3 .


(ii) log 10k = 1 + log 105 .
(iii) 3 ln 2 – 2 ln 3 = – ln k .

Question 19

(a) If log ( a – b ) = log a – log b , find an expression for a in terms of b, stating any
restrictions on b.

(b) If a 2 + b 2 – 2ab = 4 and ab = 4 , where a > 0, b > 0, find the value of 2 log 20( a + b ) .

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Question 20

9 x – y = 27
Solve the simultaneous equations .
2 x + y = 32

Question 21

If x = log an and y = log cn where a, c > 0 and n ≠ 1 , prove that

x–y log bc – log ba


------------ = --------------------------------, b > 0 .
x+y log bc – log ba

Question 22

A sequence of numbers have the property that x, 12, y, where x > 0, y > 0 form a geometric
sequence while 12, x, 3y form an arithmetic sequence.

(a) If xy = k, find k.

(b) Find the value of x and y.

(c) For the sequence x, 12, y, find (i) the common ratio.
(ii) the sum to infinity.

Question 23

The numbers α and β are such that their arithmetic mean is 17 while their geometric mean
is 8. Find α and β .

Question 24

n
Given that the sequence with general term u i , has its sum defined by ∑ ui = n ( n + 2 ) , find
i=1
10
(a) ∑ ui .
i=1

(b) (i) the first term, u 1 .


(ii) the second term, u 2 .

(c) (i) the rth term.


(ii) the 20th term.

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Question 24

n
1 b
(a) Given that ∑ -------------------
k(k + 1)
- = a + ------------ , find a and b.
n+1
k=1

99
1 m
(b) Find ∑ -------------------- , giving your answer in the form ---- , where m and n have no common
k(k + 1) n
k = 10
factors.

Question 25

(a) Show that log ( a n )( x n ) = log ax , a > 0, a ≠ 1, x > 0, n ≠ 0.

(b) Hence find log 55 .

Question 26

2
One solution to the equation 5 x + 1 = 3 x –1 is given by x = a + log 3b . Find the other solution
and the values a and b.

Question 27

5 2n – 1 – 5 2n – 3
(a) Simplify ----------------------------------
-.
5 2n + 5 2n – 2

(b) If 2 x = 5 and 2 = 5 y , find xy .

Question 28

Solve the equation log 4( 3 × 2 x + 1 – 8 ) = x .

Question 29

Prove by mathematical induction, that 8 n – 3 n where n ∈ , is divisible by 5.

Question 30

Find all values of x such that 2 2x – 2 x + 1 < 3 .

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Question 31

1 2n
Find the constant term in the expansion  2x + --- .
 x

Question 32

n n  n 
Three consecutive coefficients in the expansion of ( 1 + x ) n are   ,  and  and
 r   r + 1  r + 2
are in the ratio 6 : 3 : 1.

(a) Show that 2n – 3r = 1 and 3n – 4r = 5 .

(b) Which terms are they?

Question 33

Given that ( 3 – i ) is a zero of the polynomial p ( x ) = x 3 – 5x 2 + 4x + 10 , find the other zeros.

Question 34

Given that ( 3 + i ) 8 = – a 7 ( b + ci ) , find the values of a, b and c.

Question 35

1+i 3
Express ------------------ in the form z = re iθ .
1–i 3

Question 36

1 1
If -----------------2- + -----------------2- = a + bi , a, b ∈ , find a and b.
(1 + i) (1 – i)

Question 37

z
Given that w = ---------- , where z = a + bi , a, b ∈ , show that if w is a real number then z is a
z–i
pure imaginary number.

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Question 38

i ( 4 – 3i )
If m + ni = -------------------- ,
( 1 – i )2

(a) find m and n.

i ( 4 – 3i )
(b) express -------------------- in the form z = re iθ .
(1 – i) 2

Question 39

Given that w = – 1 + 3i and z = 1 – i , find

(a) (i) w , Arg ( w ) .


(ii) z , Arg ( z ) .
(iii) zw , Arg ( zw ) .

(b) (i) Find wz.

Hence find the exact value of sin  ------ .



(ii)
 12 

Question 40

a b
If z = ----------- and w = -------------- where a, b ∈ , find a and b given that z + w = 1.
1+i 1 + 2i

Question 41

When the polynomial p ( x ) = x 4 + ax + 2 is divided by x 2 + 1 the remainder is 2x + 3 . Find


the value of a.

Question 42

π
If z 1 = 2cis  --- find z 1 .
4
(a) (i)
 4
(ii) Draw z 1 on an Argand diagram.

4
(b) How many solutions to z = – 16 are there if z ∈ ?

(c) Solve z 5 + 16z = 0 , z ∈ .

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Question 43

The two square roots of 5 – 12i take on the form x + iy , x, y ∈ . Find both values of z for
which z 2 = 5 – 12i , giving your answer in the form x + iy , x, y ∈ .

Question 44

Find the four fourth roots of the complex number 1 + 3i , giving your answer in the form
re iθ, – π < θ ≤ π .

Question 45

Find a and b, where a, b ∈ in each of the following cases

(a) a + bi = i .

(b) ( a + bi ) 2 = i .

(c) ( a + bi ) 3 = i .

Question 46

If ( a + bi ) n = x + iy, n ∈ , show that x 2 + y 2 = ( a 2 + b 2 ) k where k is a function of n.


Expresss k in terms of n.

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

FUNCTIONS AND EQUATIONS

Question 1

1
Consider the function g ( x ) = ----------------, x ∈ X .
x–3

(a) Find (i) g(4) .


(ii) g ( 12 ) .
(iii) g ( 9 ) .

(b) Find the largest set X for which g ( x ) is defined.

(c) Sketch the graph of g ( x ) using its maximal domain X.

Question 2

1
Consider the functions f ( x ) = ----------- and g ( x ) = x 3 .
x–1

(a) Determine the maximal domain of (i) f ( x) .


(ii) g( x) .

(b) (i) Justify the existence of ( g o f ) ( x ) .


(ii) Find ( g o f ) ( x ) .

Question 3

Consider the function f ( x ) = 7 – x.

(a) Find (i) f (3) .


(ii) f (7) .

(b) What is the maximal domain of f ( x ) .

1
(c) Find (i) g ( x ) = ----------- and determine the implicit domain of g ( x ) .
f ( x)
(ii) h ( x ) = f –1 ( x ) and determine the implicit domain of h ( x ) .

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 4

1
-, x ∈
Given the function f ( x ) = ---------------- and the fact that f ( x ) + f ( – x ) = ax + b , where
1 + e 2x
a, b ∈ , find the values of a and b.

Question 5

Consider the function f ( x ) = 3x 2 – 6x + 7 .

(a) Express f ( x ) in the form a ( x – h ) 2 + k , where a, b, c ∈ .

(b) For the graph of f ( x ) write down the


(i) coordinates of its vertex.
(ii) equation of the axis of symmetry.

(c) (i) Find the coordinates of the y-intercept.


(ii) Sketch the graph of f ( x ) , clearly labelling the vertex, y-intercept and axis of
symmetry.

Question 6

(a) Determine the maximal domain of f ( x ) = ln ( x + 1 ) .

(b) If g ( x ) = e x ,
(i) justify the existence of ( f o g ) ( x ) .
(ii) find ( f o g ) ( x ) .
(iii) state the maximal domain of ( f o g ) ( x ) .

Question 7

The graph of the function g ( x ) = 2x 2 – 12x + 7 is shown below. The coordinates of B are
 a + b---, 0 where a, b, c ∈ . Find the values of a, b and c.
 c 
y

(0,7)

x
A B

x=3

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Question 8

1
Consider the function g ( x ) = x + ---, x > 0 .
x

(a) (i) Find g ( 2 ) .


(ii) Find the x-value for which g ( x ) = 2 .

f ( x)
(b) The composite function ( g o g ) ( x ) = ---------------------- , x > 0 . Find f ( x ) .
x( 1 + x2 )

Question 9

(a) Find the ( f o g ) ( x ) where g ( x ) = e x + 1, x ∈ and f ( x ) = ( x – 1 ) ln ( x – 1 ), x > 1 .

(b) Find { x : ( f o g ) ( x ) = 2x } .

(c) What would the solution to ( f o g ) ( x ) = 2x be if g ( x ) = e x + 1, x > 0 ?

Question 10

1
(a) Find the inverse function, f –1 , of f ( x ) = -----------, x > 2 .
x–2

(b) On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of f ( x ) and f –1 ( x ) .

(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of f ( x ) and f –1 ( x ) .

Question 11

e –kx
Consider the function f k ( x ) = ---------------- ,x∈ .
2 + e–x

(a) Find (i) { x : f 2( x) = 1} .

 1
(ii)  x : f 1 ( x ) = --2-  .
 

 1
(b) For what values of a will  x : f 1 ( x ) = ---  = .
 a

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 12

(a) On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of f ( x ) = x 2 – 4 and g ( x ) = x – 2.

(b) What is the domain of ( f o g ) ( x ) ?

(c) Find (i) ( f og)( x) .


(ii) the range of ( f o g ) ( x ) .

Question 13
y
The graph of f ( x ) = – 1 + ln ( x – 1 ), x > a is shown. y = f ( x)

(a) Find the values of a and b.


x
(b,0)
(b) Find f –1 ( x ) .

(c) Sketch the graph of f –1 ( x ) .

x=a
Question 14

1
Find the maximal domain of h ( x ) = ------------------ .
ln ( ln x )

Question 15

(a) On the same set of axes sketch the graphs of f ( x ) = 5x + 2 and g ( x ) = 3x 2 .

(b) Find (i) { x : f ( x) = g( x)} .


(ii) { x : 3x 2 ≤ 5x + 2 } .

Question 16

Consider the function f : A → , where f ( x ) = log 3( 3x + 2 ) .

(a) Find the largest set A for which f is defined.

(b) (i) Define fully, the inverse, f –1 .


(ii) Sketch the graph of f –1 ( x ) .
(iii) If g ( x ) = 3 x , express f –1 ( x ) in terms of g ( x ) .

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 17

For the graph shown below, sketch, on different sets of axes, the graphs of
y
(a) y = f ( x + 1 ) . 4 (4,4)

1 3
(b) --- y = f ( x ) .
2
y = f ( x)
2
(c) y = f ( x) – 2 .
1

x
1 2 3 4
Question 18

1
Let f ( x ) = --- , x ≠ 0 . The graph of g ( x ) is a translation of the graph of f ( x ) defined by the
x
matrix   .
3
 2

(a) Find an expression for g ( x )


(i) in terms of f ( x ) .
(ii) in terms of x.

(b) On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of


(i) f ( x) .
(ii) g ( x ) , for x > 3.

Question 19

The function g ( x ) = ax – b passes through the points with coordinates ( 1, 9 ) and ( – 3, 1 ) .


Find a and b.

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 20

Let f ( x ) = x 2, x ∈ .

(a) Sketch the graph of f .

The graph of f is transformed to the graph of g by a translation   .


–1
 2

(b) Find an expression for g ( x ) in terms of


(i) f ( x) .
(ii) x.

(c) (i) Find { x :g ( x ) = 0 } .


(ii) Find g ( 0 ) .
(iii) Sketch the graph of g ( x ) .

Question 21

x–1
Given that f ( x ) = ------------ , find (a) f (1) .
x+1

(b) f –1 ( – 1 ) .

Question 22

The function f ( x ) undergoes a transformation defined by the matrix   to produce the new
a
 – b
function g ( x ) .

(a) Express g ( x ) in terms of f ( x ) .

(b) If f ( x ) = x 2 – 2x + 4 and g ( x ) = x 2 – 2x + 8 , find a and b.

Question 23

Let f ( x ) = 2e – x + 3, x ∈ , find (a) f ( –1 ) .

(b) f –1 ( 4 ) .

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Question 24

Let f ( x ) = x 3 and g ( x ) = x – 1 . Find

(a) ( f og)(1) .

(b) (go f )(2) .

Question 25

 x – 2, if x < 0
Consider the function f ( x ) =  .
 ( x – 1 ) – 3k, if x ≥ 0
2

(a) Find the value of k for which f ( x ) is continuous for x ∈ .

(b) Using the value of k in (a), sketch the graph of f ( x ) , clearly labelling all intercepts with
the axes.

Question 26

Find all real values of k so that the graph of the function h ( x ) = 2x 2 – kx + k , x ∈ cuts the
x-axis at two distinct points.

Question 27

(a) Sketch the graph of f ( x ) = x 2 – 4x + 5 , clearly showing and labelling the coordinates
of its vertex.

4
(b) Find (i) lim --------------------------
2
-
x → ∞ x – 4x + 5
4
(ii) lim --------------------------
2
-
x → – ∞ x – 4x + 5

4
(c) Given that g ( x ) = ----------- ,
f ( x)
(i) state the maximal domain of g ( x ) .
(ii) sketch the graph of g ( x ) .
(iii) find the range of g ( x ) .

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 28

(a) On the same set of axes sketch the curves of y = x and y = ln ( 1 – x ) .

The graph of the function f ( x ) = x ln ( 1 – x ), x < a is shown below.


y

y = f ( x)

x
O a

(b) Find the value of a.

(c) Sketch the graph of (i) y = f ( x) .


(ii) y = f( x ).
1
(iii) y = ----------- .
f ( x)

(d) Sketch the graph of g ( x ) = x ln ( 2 – x ) .

Question 29

(a) (i) Sketch the graph of f ( x ) = 2x + 1 .


(ii) Solve 2x + 1 = 3 .
(iii) Hence solve for x if g ( x ) = 0 where g ( x ) = ( 2x + 1 ) 2 – 2x + 1 – 6 .

(b) For what values of x will ( 2x + 1 ) 2 – 2x + 1 > 6 ?

Question 30

x–3  f ( x ), x ≥ 3
(a) (i) -------------- =  . Find f ( x ) and g ( x ) .
2x  g ( x ), x < 3
x–3
(ii) Sketch the curve of y = -------------- .
2x

x–3
(b) Find all real values of x that satisfy the inequality -------------- < 1 .
2x

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Question 31

(a) (i) Sketch the curve y = ( x + 2 ) x + 2 .


(ii) Hence find all real values of x for which ( x + 2 ) x + 2 < 9 .

(b) Find { x ( x + 2 ) x – 2 < 3 } .

Question 32

The polynomial p ( x ) = ax 3 – x 2 + bx + 6 is divisible by ( x + 2 ) and has a remainder of 10


when divided by ( x + 1 ) .

(a) Find the values of a and b.

(b) Find { x p ( x ) < 6 – 7x } .

Question 33

x
Consider the curve with equation y = --------------
2
.
x +4

(a) Show that yx 2 – x + 4y = 0 .

(b) Hence, given that – a ≤ y ≤ a for all real values of x, find a.

Question 34

 x + 7, x ≤ 3
Find the value of a which makes the function defined by f ( x ) =  continuous for
 a × 2 x, x > 3
all real values of x.

Question 35

(a) Sketch the graph of the polynomial p ( x ) = x 3 – x 2 – 5x – 3 .

(b) Find all real values of x for which


(i) x 3 – x 2 – 5x – 3 < 4 ( x – 3 ) .
(ii) x 3 – x 2 – 5x – 3 > ( x + 1 ) ( x – 3 ) .

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Question 36

 ax + 1, x < π ---
 2
Given that a + b = 2 , find the values of a and b so that the function f ( x ) = 
 sin x + b, x ≥ π ---
 2
is continuous for all values of x.

Question 37

Given that h ( x ) = 9 x + 9 and g ( x ) = 10 × 3 x , find { x h ( x ) < g ( x ) } .

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

CIRCULAR FUNCTIONS AND TRIGONOMETRY

Question 1

π 3
Given that 0 ≤ θ ≤ --- and tan θ = --- , find
2 4

(a) cos θ .

(b) sin 2θ .

π
(c) tan  --- – θ .
2 

Question 2

π 1
Given that 0 < θ ≤ --- , arrange, in increasing order, sin θ, -----------, sin 2 θ .
2 sin θ

Question 3

1
(a) If 0 < θ < 90° and cos θ = --- a , find sin θ .
3

π
(b) Express --- in degrees.
5

(c) Evaluate cos 300° cos 30°

sin ( π – θ )
Express in terms of tan θ , --------------------------- ⋅ tan  ------ – θ .

(d)
π  2 
cos  --- + θ
2 

Question 4

1 1
(a) Express --------------------- – --------------------- in terms of sin θ .
cos θ – 1 cos θ + 1

1 1
(b) Solve --------------------- – --------------------- = – 8, 0° < θ < 360°
cos θ – 1 cos θ + 1

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 5

1
(a) Given that cos θ sin θ = --- , evaluate ( cos θ – sin θ ) 2 .
2

(b) Find all values of θ such that (i) sin 2 θ – sin θ = 0, 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π .


(ii) sin 2 θ – sin θ = 2, 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π .

Question 6

The figure below shows the graph of f ( x ) = 2 sin  --- .


x
 2

y
A(a,b)

B(c,0)
x
O

y = f ( x)

(a) Find a, b and c.

(b) Solve for x, where f ( x ) = 3, 0 ≤ x ≤ c .

Question 7

Consider the graph of the function h ( x ) = acos ( bx ) + c :


y
5 y = h( x)

x
O π
--- π
2

Find the values a, b and c.

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 8

(a) State the range of 2 sin θ .

1
(b) Find (i) the smallest value of ---------------------.
3 + 4 sin θ
1
(ii) the largest value of --------------------
-.
3 + 4 sin θ

Question 9

(a) Find all values of x such that 2 cos ( x ) + sin ( 2x ) = 0, x ∈ [ 0, 2π ] .

(b) How many solutions to 2 cos ( x ) + sin ( 2x ) = cos x are there in the interval [0, 2π].

Question 10

Part of a particular tile pattern, made up by joining hexagonal shaped tiles, is shown below.

A B

F C

θ
E D

The side lengths of every hexagon is x cm.

(a) Find in terms of x and θ the length of [AE].

1
(b) If the area of the shaded region in any one of the hexagons is 9 cm 2 and sin θ = --- , find
8
the value of x.

Question 11

For the diagram shown alongside, the value


1
of sin ( α – β ) = ------ , where k ∈ . a
k
β α
Find the value of k. a a

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 12

The following diagram shows continually decreasing quarter circles, where each successive
quarter circle has a radius half that of the previous one.

r cm

1
--- r
4

1
--- r
2

Let A 1 equal the area of the quarter circle of radius r, A 2 equal the area of the quarter circle of
1 1
radius --- r , A 3 equal the area of the quarter circle of radius --- r and so on.
2 4

(a) Find (i) A 1 in terms of r.


(ii) A 2 in terms of r.
(iii) A 3 in terms of r.

525
(b) If A 1 + A 2 + A 3 = --------- π , find r.
64


(c) If quarter circles are drawn and shaded in indefinitely, find r if ∑ Ai = 27π .
i=1

Question 13

A pole of length b metres resting against a wall makes an angle of 60˚ with the ground. The end
of the pole making contact with the ground starts to slip away from the wall until it comes to
rest, 1 m from its initial position, where it now makes an angle of 30˚ with the ground. Find the
value of b.

Question 14

The figure below shows a square ABCD. If ∠XBA = 30° and ∠CXA = θ° , find tan θ° .
B C
30˚

θ°
X A D

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Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 15

3
In the diagram below, cos B = --- , AB = 6 and BC = 2, AC = b , find b.
8
A

C 2 B

Question 16

3
The area of the triangle shown is 27 sq. units. Given that sin θ = --- , find x.
4

2x

θ
4x

Question 17

A circular badge of radius 2 cm has the following design: A


30˚
(a) State the value of α .
O
(b) Find (i) the length of the minor BC.
(ii) the area of the minor sector OBC. α°
B C
(c) Find the area of the shaded region shown.

Question 18

If 0° ≤ x ≤ 90° , solve each of the following

(a) cos x = sin 36° .

(b) cos x = sin x .

(c) cos 2x = sin x .

© IBID Press 5
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 19

4 sin θ
(a) If tan θ = a , express -------------------------------- in terms of a.
5 cos θ – sin θ

4 sin θ π
(b) Hence find the value of θ if -------------------------------- = 1 , 0 < θ < --- .
5 cos θ – sin θ 2

Question 20
B
Consider the triangle ABC:
2x cm 60°
x cm
(a) Find x.
A C
(b) Find the area of ∆ ABC 48 cm

Question 21

The segments [CA] and [CB] are tangents to the circle at the A
points A and B respectively. If the circle has a radius of 4 cm

and ∠ AOB = ------ . 2π
3 O ------ C
3

(a) Find the length of [OC].


B
(b) Find the area of the shaded region.

Question 22

The graph of f ( x ) = acos ( bx ) + c, 0 ≤ x ≤ π is shown below. Find the values a, b and c.


y
10

y = f ( x)

x
O 3π
------ 3π
2

© IBID Press 6
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 23

(a) Part of the graph of the function defined by y = f ( t ) is shown below.


y
3 y = f (t)

1
1
t
O 0.5
–1

(i) What is the period of f ( t ) ?


(ii) Given that f ( t ) = acos ( kt ) + c , find a, k and c.

(b) What is the least positive value of x for which cos ( 2x ) = 3 sin ( 2x ) ?

(c) Let g ( x ) = mcos ( x ) + n , n, m ∈ and m > 0. Write an expression for n in terms of m if


g ( x ) < 0 for all real values of x.

, where h ( x ) = tan  --- + 1 , clearly determining and


x
(d) Sketch the graph of h : ]–π,π[
 2
labelling the x-intercepts.

Find the sum of the solutions to cos  --- = --- 3 , x ∈ [ 0, 4π ] .


x 1
(e)
 2 2

Question 24

Destructive interference generated by two out of tune violins results in the production of a sound
intensity, I ( t ) , given by the equation

I ( t ) = 30 + 4 cos  ------t dB (decibels)



3 
where t is the time in seconds after the violins begin to sound.

(a) What is the intensity after 1 second?

(b) What is the least intensity generated?

(c) When does the intensity first reach 32 dB?

(d) What time difference exists between successive measures of maximum intensity?

© IBID Press 7
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 25

The rabbit population, N ( t ) , over a ten year cycle in a small region of South Australia fluctuates
according to the equation
N ( t ) = 950 cos ( 36t° ) + 3000, 0 ≤ t ≤ 10
where t is measured in years.

(a) Find the rabbit population after 2 and a half years.

(b) What is the minimum number of rabbits in this region that is predicted by this model?

(c) Sketch the graph of y = N ( t ) , 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 .

(d) For how long, over a 10 year cycle, will the rabbit population number at most 3475?

Question 26

Solve the equation for x, where sin 2x = 3 cos x, 0 ≤ x ≤ π .

Question 27

π
(a) Expand 2 cos  θ – --- .
 4

(b) Solve cos 2 θ + sin θ cos θ = – ( cos θ + sin θ ) , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π .

Question 28

2 3
If sin A = ------- and cos B = ------- where both A and B are acute angles, find
4 4

(a) (i) sin2A.


(ii) cos2B.

(c) sin(A + B).

Question 29

(a) (i) If T ( x ) = 6 – ( x – 1 ) 2 , what is the maximum value of T ( x ) ?


(ii) Express sin 2 x + 2 cos x + 6 in the form a + b ( cos x – 1 ) 2 .

(b) What is the maximum value of sin 2 x + 2 cos x + 6 ?

© IBID Press 8
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 30

(a) Let s = sin θ . Show that the equation 15 sin θ + cos 2 θ = 8 + sin 2 θ can be expressed in
the form 2s 2 – 15s + 7 = 0 .

(b) Hence solve 15 sin θ + cos 2 θ = 8 + sin 2 θ for θ ∈ [ 0, 2π ] .

Question 31

Find { x 4sin 3 x + 4sin 2 x – sin x – 1 = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π }

Question 32

asinθ
If sin A = 2 sin ( θ – A ) , find the values of a and b such that tan A = ------------------------
1 + b cos θ

Question 33

(a) Show that (i) cos 3θ = 4cos 3 θ – 3 cos θ .


(ii) sin θ° = cos ( 90° – θ° ) .

(b) Noting that 2 × 18 = 36 and 3 × 18 = 54 = 90 – 36 , find the exact value of sin 18° .

Question 34

1 + sin θ
Given that u = -------------------- , prove that
cos θ
u2 – 1
(a) sin θ = -------------- .
u2 + 1

2u
(b) cos θ = --------------
u2 + 1

Question 35

3 3
Given that sin x sin y = ------- and cos x cos y = ------- , find all real x and y that satisfy these
4 4
equations simultaneously, where 0 ≤ x ≤ π and 0 ≤ y ≤ π.

© IBID Press 9
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 36

Given that asecθ = 1 + tan θ and b sec θ = 1 – tan θ , show that a 2 + b 2 = k and hence state
the value of k.

Question 37

A sector OAB of radius 4 cm is shown below, where the point C is the midpoint of [OB].
A

C 30˚
B O

(a) Find the area of the shaded region.

(b) Where, along [OB], should the point C be placed so that [AC] divides the area of the
sector OAB in two equal parts.

Question 38
C
In the figure shown, DC = a cm, BC = b cm,
∠ ABC = β and ∠ ADC = α .
B
β
If AD = x cos α + y sin β , find x and y in terms
of a and b.
α
A D
Question 39

Point A is x metres due south of a vertical pole OP and is such that the angle of elevation of P
from A is 60˚. Point B is due east of the pole OP and makes an angle of elevation to P of 30˚.
The points O, A and B all lie on the same horizontal plane. A metal wire is attached from A to
P and another wire is attached from B to P.

(a) Find an expression in terms of x for (i) AP.


(ii) BP.
(iii) AB.

a b
(b) The sine of the angle between the two wires is ---------- where a, b, c ∈ . Find a, b and c.
c

© IBID Press 10
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 40

π
Consider the function f ( x ) = 2 sin  x – --- + 1, 0 ≤ x ≤ π .
 2

(a) (i) Find the range of f.


(ii) Sketch the graph of f.

(b) Find f –1 .

(c) Sketch the graph of f –1 .

Question 41

(a) (i) Sketch on the same set of axes the graphs of f ( x ) = Arccos ( x ) and
g ( x ) = Arcsin ( x ) .
(ii) Hence sketch the graph of h ( x ) = f ( x ) + g ( x ) .
(iii) Deduce the value of Arccos ( x ) + Arcsin ( x ) for – 1 ≤ x ≤ 1 .

Find sin  Arccos  --- + Arctan  – --- 


4 4
(b)
  5  5 

© IBID Press 11
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

MATRICES

Question 1

Let the matrix A = – 2 1 define a 2 × 2 matrix.


3 0

(a) Find (i) A2 .


(ii) A –1 .

(b) If B = 4 3 , find the matrix X given that 2X + B = A .


1 –2

Question 2

Given that A = 2 4 and B = 1 – 2


3 –1 3 2

(a) find (i) AB.


(ii) A2 B – A .

(b) If xA – yB = 5 6 where x, y ∈ , find x and y.


90

Question 3

Consider the matrices A = 2 5 , B = – 1 and C = – 1 0 . Find, where possible,


3 2 4

(a) AB.

(b) A + B.

(c) BC.

(d) CB.

(e) CA.

© IBID Press 1
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 4

Find x given that (i) x2 7 = 9 7 .


4 6 4 x+3

(ii) x 2 + 6 7 = 5x 7 .
x+2 3 4 3

Question 5

0 –1 1 2 0 1
(a) Find 1 5 – 4 2 1 – 1 .
1 2 –2 3 1 –1

2x + z = 5
(b) (i) Set up the system of simultaneous equations 2x + y – z = 4 in the form AX = B ,
3x + y – z = 3

x
where X = y
z
(ii) Hence solve for x, y and z.

Question 6

If 2x + 8 4 = 3x – y 4 , find x and y.
0.5x y 5 y

Question 7

(a) Given that A = – 1 3 , find A –1 .


2 4

(b) Hence find the coordinates ( a, b ) of point A in the diagram shown below.
y
x + 2y = 4 – x + 3y = 3

A ( a, b )

© IBID Press 2
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 8

If A = cos θ – cos θ and B = sin θ cos θ , find


2 2

sin θ sin 2 θ – sin θ cos 2 θ

(a) (i) A + B.
(ii) ( A + B ) –1 .
(iii) A – B.

(b) For what values of θ where 0 < θ < π , does A – B = 0 2 .


2 0

Question 9

Consider the function T ( x ) = 3x 2 + 4x + I , where I = 1 0 .


01

(a) If A = 1 1 , find T ( A ) .
01

(b) (i) Find ( 3 A + I ) ( A + I ) .


(ii) Hence find 3 A 2 – 4 A + I .

Question 10

Given that A = x 1 , for what values of x will A be singular?


2 x–1

Question 11

(a) Given that A = 3 2 , find


74
(i) A .
(ii) A –1 .

7x + 4y = 4
(b) Hence solve the system of simultaneous equations .
3x + 2y = – 2

© IBID Press 3
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 12

If A = 0 3 , find scalars α, β and γ , where α ≠ 0, β ≠ 0, γ ≠ 0 , for which


–1 1

α A 2 + βA + γI = 0 0 .
00

Question 13

–1 1 1 011
(a) (i) Let A = 1 – 1 1 and B = 1 0 1 , find AB .
1 1 –1 110
(ii) Hence find A –1 .

–x+y+z = 3
(b) Hence solve the system of simultaneous equations x – y + z = 4 .
x+y–z = 5

Question 14

x–1 1 2
Find x if A = 0 and A = 2 x–3 1 .
–1 1 x–2

Question 15

3 1 2
(a) Find, in terms of a, ∆ = 5 2 3 .
1 1 (a – 2)

3x + y + 2z = 4
(b) Consider the system of equations 5x + 2y + 3z = 6 .
x + y + ( a – 2 )z = 0

(i) Solve the system of equations when a = 3.


(ii) For what values(s) of a will the system of equations have exactly one solution.

© IBID Press 4
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 16

3x + 2y – z = 1
Consider the system of equations x + y + z = 2 .
kx + 2y – z = 1

(a) Find the value of k for which the system of equations has more than one solution.

(b) Solve the system of equations for the value of k in part (a).

Question 17

1 1 1
(a) If ∆ = 3 – 13 p , find
0 p+3 –1
(i) an expression for ∆ in terms of p.
(ii) the value(s) of p for which ∆ = 0 .

x+y+z = 2
(b) For what values of p will the system of equations 3x – 13y + pz = p + 1 have a unique
( p + 3 )y – z = 0
solution?

(c) For each value of p for which a unique solution does not exist, determine whether a
solution exists and if it does, find all solutions.

Question 18

1 a 2 5 x
Consider the matrices A = a 1 1 , B = 1 and X = y , a ∈ .
2 –2 a+2 8 z

(a) Show that the equation AX = B has a unique solution when a is neither 0 nor –1.

(b) (i) If a = 0, find the particular solution for which x + y + z = 0 .


(ii) If a = –1, show that the system of equations has no solution.

© IBID Press 5
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

VECTORS

Question 1

The points A, B and C are shown in the diagram below


y
B j
9 i
8
7
6
5 θ
A
4
C
3
2
1
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

(a) Find in terms of the unit vectors i and j (i) AB .


(ii) AC .

(b) (i) Find AB • AC .


(ii) Hence find cos 2 θ .

Question 2

ABCD is a quadrilateral where P, Q and R are the midpoints of [AB], [BC] and [CD]
respectively. If AD + BC = kPR , where k is a positive integer, find k.

Question 3

Given that a =   , b =  – 1 and c =  5 , find


2
 1  3  3

(a) a + 2b + c.

(b) a • b.

1
(c) a – --- ( c – b ) .
3

(d) c .

© IBID Press 1
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 4

 2 
 
Consider the vector r =  2  .
 
 –1 
(a) Find (i) r • r.
(ii) r̂ .

 x  2
   
(b) If a =  1  and b =  3  , find x and y given that r = – 4a + 2b .
   
 y  1

Question 5

If a = 2i – 6 j + 3k and b = – i + 2 j – 2k , find

(a) (i) a (ii) b .

(b) b–a .

(c) (a – b) • (a + b) .

Question 6

 3  1   1 
     
The vector a =  2  is a linear combination of the vectors x =  2 , y =  2  and
     
 6  1   0 

 1
 
z =  0  . That is, a = αx + βy + γz . Find α, β and γ .
 
 2

Question 7

 cos θ   sin θ 
   
The vector a =  sin θ  makes an angle of 60˚ with the vector b =  cos θ  . Find the value
   
 0.5   0.5 
of sin2θ.

© IBID Press 2
Mathematics HL – Paper One Style Questions

Question 8

 x   2 
   
If vectors a =  3  and b =  x 2  are perpendicular, find x.
   
 –1   1 

Question 9

Given that a = 4 , b = 3 and that a is perpendicular to b, find

(a) (a – b) • (a + b) .

(b) (a + b) • (a + b) .

(c) (a + b) • (a + b) – (a – b) • (a – b) .

Question 10

(a) The straight line, l 1 , passes through the points (2, 3, –1) and (5, 6, 3). Write down the
vector equation, r 1 , of this straight line.

 1   2 
   
(b) A second line is defined by the vector equation r 2 =  – 1  + µ  – 1  , where µ is a real
   
 3   1 
number. If the angle between the two lines is θ , find the value of cos θ .

Question 11

 4   1 
   
The vector equation of line l 1 is given by r 1 =  – 3  + t  3 ,t∈ .
   
 2   1 

(a) If the point P on r 1 corresponds to when t = 1 , find


(i) the position vector of P.
(ii) how far P is from the origin O.

A second line, l 2 , is defined by the vector equation r 2 = i + 2 j – 3k + s ( 2i – j + 3k ) , s ∈ .

(b) If l 2 intersects l 1 when t = 1, find the value of s.

© IBID Press 3

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