Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I seek refuge of Allah from the outcast satan Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and (in) the difference of night and day, there are signs for men of understanding. We are here to make a difference Men who remember Allah, standing, sitting, and reclining and think deeply on the creation of the heavens and the earth; Our Lord! Thou hast not created this in vain! Glory be to Thee! Then give us salvation from the penalty of the hell fire.
Quran, Al-Imran-190-191
Allah is the protecting Guardian of those who believe. He brings them out of the darkness into the light... Quran, Bakrah-257
Prerequisite Problems
Hyperlink
Solutions
Global Perspective
Way Forward
Reviewed by: Mr. Zakauddin Malik, Former MD and Chairman OGDCL Mr. Ashfaq Mahmood, Ex-Secretary M/o Water & Power Mr. Muhammad Raziudin, Former MD OGDCL, CEO ARL
OUTCOMES Independence Maintain degree of freedom in foreign policy Sustainable economic development Reduced risk interruptions to
Adequacy
Diversity
Energy Security
Reliability
Viability
Affordability
Economic Growth Population Urbanization Rural Electrification Life Style DSM Energy Conservation Pollution Water Air Climate Change Global Warming Using R.E, Clean Coal technology, CCS, mitigation
Demand Growth
Supply Challenges
Conventional Oil, Gas, Coal Renewable Hydro, Solar, Bio Energy Options Indigenous Imported Oil & Gas Power Realization of Indigenous Resources Import options Vulnerability to Shocks, interruptions Step up exploration Security of supply is simply Energy Security
Environmental Impacts
Security of Supply
TOE stands for Ton of Oil equivalent and m Stands for Million so we write mTOE 1 TOE = 42 Giga Joules = 7.4 Barrels of Oil 1000 Liter Petrol = 0.86 TOE 1000 Liter Diesel = 0.98 TOE 1 MWh = 0.22 TOE @ 39% efficiency 1 TOE = 4.54 MWh@39%, 11.62 MWh@100% 1 Million Cubic Feet of Gas = 23.4 TOE
Hyperlink
Geological Potential: 282 Trillion Cubic Feet Discovered: 54 TCF Produced: 26 TCF Remaining: 27.6 TCF Production: 1.45 TCF Reserve to Production (R/P) Ratio: 19 Consumption: 1.27 TCF
Geological Potential: 27 Billion Barrels Discovered: 1 Billion Barrel Remaining: 306 Million Barrel R/C Ratio: 2.3 R/P Ratio: 13 Net Oil Imports: 82% Production: 23.7 MB Consumption: 145 MB Geological Potential: 186 Billion Tons Proven: 3.45 Billion Tons Production: 3.48 Million Tons Consumption: 8.4 Million Tons 1.85% of Coal Potential is realized; 66% of Coal is imported in TOEs
Hydro-Electric Potential: 55,000 Megawatt (MW) Realized: 12% Installed Hydel Capacity: 6444 MW Remaining : 48,556 MW Solar Potential is 2.9 million MW, PV, CSP, Solar water heaters Wind potential is 346,000 MW with Gharo Corridor of 55,000 MW Small-Hydel potential 4,500 MW, Biomass, Biodiesel, Ethanol
FY: 2009-10 35
Electricity 0.4 mTOE
7.46 mTOE
LPG
Oil
19.8 mTOE
30 25 20 Oil
Coal
4.62 mTOE
Natural Gas
30.8 mTOE
0.042 % 19.2%
CNG 2.3 mTOE
17.2 %
63.5%
Transformation Loss: 17.1 mTOE T&D Losses: 2.47 mTOE Non-Energy Use: 4.13 mTOE
Losses End Use Final -Transmission Secondary -Processing -Conversion Primary -Mining -Drilling
Hyperlink
-Transform
-Harvesting
CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES
(FINAL ENERGY)
END-USE TECHNOLOGIES
(PRIMARY ENERGY)
(USEFUL ENERGY)
Mining, e.g. Crude oil Natural gas Coal Imports, e.g. Crude oil Oil products Exports, e.g. Oil products Coal Renewables, e.g. Biomass Hydro Solar Wind
Fuel Processing Plants, e.g. Oil refineries Hydrogen Ethanol Power Plants, e.g. Conventional IGCC Solar Wind Nuclear CCGT Fuel cells CHP
Industry, e.g. Steam boilers Machinery Commercial, e.g. Air conditioners Light bulbs Households, e.g. Space heaters Refrigerators Agriculture, e.g. Pumps Tractors Transport, e.g. Gasoline car Fuel cell bus
Industry, e.g. Process steam Motive power Commercial, e.g. Cooling Lighting Households, e.g. Space heat Refrigeration Agriculture, e.g. Water supply Transport, e.g. Person-km
DEMAND PROJECTIONS
Imports 21,640
Coal 4,622
Electricity 6,055
Energy Sector Own Use 606 Transmission and Distribution Losses 2,468
CNG Sector consumes only 8% of Gas but generate 30% of gas revenues for Gas utility co. High tariff
80% Population do not have access to gas pipeline yet 20% consume 17% of gas Domestic 17% 5.13 mTOE
10.00
8.00
Bcfd
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
17
Source: ISGS
Supply
Total: 20.2 Million Tonnes
Oil Import Bill was 9.99 billion US$ in Financial year 2009-10 Oil Consumption concentrated in the transport and power sector i.e. 92.4%
Consumption
Oil for power sector must be replaced with Hydro and Coal power otherwise our economy will collapse and industry become a dead wood..
Source: HDIP, EYB 2010
Comments on Sectorial Fuel Prices Natural Gas pricing is not based on economic principle of scarcity and optimal utilization which resulted in misuse and misallocation of this precious resource Cheap pricing of Natural Gas is an entry barrier to Coal, Renewables and Hydel Domestic Gas is no longer a surplus resource; reserves are in sharp decline. LNG will affect WACOG significantly
Subsidy to medium & rich Class Vehicles mostly noncommercial Affect on refinery mix, surplus naphtha Power Loss in engine Limited Range
Against
For CNG
Extensive Infrastructure & supporting Industry Commercial vehicle Conversion due to Price Differential
Lack of Demand Side Management Tariff structure is not rational. Subsidies esp. cross subsidy to domestic sector and not targeted for poor Circular Debt due to subsidy, non-payment & pilferage Seasonality of Hydel power Shortfall in gas supply Fuel Oil supply issues due to financial constraints Lack of diversification in generation mix Poor Governance and Regulation High power system losses
2008-09 1 2. 3. 4. 5 6 7. Average Power System % Losses Thermal Generation Efficiencies Thermal Power Availability Demand Side Management Overheads Lines/ Transformer SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index) SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) Power System Capacity of PEPCO as on May, 2011
Installed Capacity Dependable Capability
23.3% (10.3%-36%) 16%-34% 50%-60% Nil In large numbers 0 57089 22.9 5706194
Summer
12632 MW
Source: NTDC, PECPCO
Winter
10233 MW
20964 MW
18882 MW
By Type
Hydel 29.4%
By Company
Liberty 1.6%
HUBCO 9.2%
Gas 29.4%
Rousch 3.4%
FY: 2009-10
MW
Installed capacity average growth was 0.21% in these 5 years. 163 MW added
17,399 17,498 17,799 17,798 14,818 15,658 15,662 12,969
95-96
96-97
Hydel
97-98
98-99
99-00
00-01
01-02
02-03
03-04
04-05
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
Thermal (WAPDA)
Thermal (KESC)
Thermal (IPPs)
Nuclear
100%
29%
80%
Gas
51%
30%
60%
Oil
15%
37%
40%
Coal
53%
20%
Nuclear Hydel
30%
0%
6917 6536
MW
4000 2902
3000
2000 943
1706
428
667
381
1950-60
1960-70
1970-80
1980-90
1990-2000
2000-2010
2010-2012
YEARS
Source: Wapda
Note: Below 1000 cubic meter per capita; Pakistan becomes water starved country!
Source: Wapda
Commercial 7%
Source: HDIP, EYB 2010
Load in MW
15,000 14,000 13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
Source: PEPCO
45 40 35 30
Price/kWh
39.37
29.51
25 20 15 10 5 0 0 0.51
Hydel unit (Tarbela) Price per Unit (Kwh) and they say we wont build Kalabagh Dam
Load (MW)
Source: PEPCO
Generation
Transmission
PESCO
Distribution
Rental Contract
Capacity Purchase Price Energy Purchase Price Capacity Purchase Price Energy Purchase Price Flat Rate
CPPA
LESCO IESCO
MEPCO
GEPCO FESCO
Determined
Notified
Difference
24-02-2007 01-03-2008 05-09-2008 25-02-2009 01-10-2009 21-12-2009 01-01-2010 01-07-2010 01-10-2010 01-11-2010 15-03-2011 06-05-2011
5.13 5.58 8.35 8.35 8.35 10.09 10.09 10.35 9.57 9.57 9.57 9.57
4.25 4.78 5.58 5.63 5.88 5.96 6.65 7.05 7.19 7.29 7.44 7.58
0.88 0.80 2.77 2.72 2.47 4.13 3.44 3.30 2.38 2.28 2.13 1.99
Source
PSO
Genco
Meter
End Use
Circular Debt Rs. 350 billion Subsidy Rs. 250 billion
Process
Refine
NTDC
DISCO
Injections
GoP Spending\Exports\Investment
GDP
Firms
Rent Wages Profits
Land, Labor Capital Goods & Services Payment of Goods & Services
Households
National Income Taxation\Imports\Savings
Leakages
Hyperlink
Cost to the Industrial Sector Cost to the other sectors of industrial loss of Value Added Total cost of industrial load shedding to the economy Loss of exports Additional cost of Power self Generation Percentage loss of Production Loss of employment in the economy
Source: IPP estimates listed in Beacon House National University publication: State of the Economy Emerging from Crisis 2008
Pakistans total GHG emissions were 310 million tones of CO2 equivalent comprising of CO2 54%, CH4 36%, N20 9% and others 1% in 2008 (Ref: National GHG Inventory) Responsible for 0.8 per cent of global GHG emissions Ranks 135th in the world in terms of per capita GHG emissions; Ranks 6th in population (Ref: GoP 2010) It ranked 16th out of 170 countries in a Climate Change Vulnerability Index (Ref: Maplecroft 2010) CO2 emissions per unit of energy consumption in Pakistan are among the lowest in the world Reason! Historically, our primary energy supply mix is about 50% Natural Gas with very low carbon footprint, 11% Hydel and 1.1% nuclear which are Carbon free
Regulators Role
Clarity of Role and Autonomy Lacks market development approach and monitoring Accountability Capacity Building Tariff Calculation and determination is formula based
Global Perspective
6,000
5,000
Yet to Find
4,000
3,000
Unconventional
Yet to Find
Unconventional
Proven
R/P Ratio
2,000
164 yrs.
Yet to Find
R/P Ratio
1,000
Proven
Oil
41 yrs.
Proven
Gas
R/P Ratio
67 yrs.
Coal
The Stone Age did not end for lack of stone, and the Oil Age will end long before the world runs out of oil. Sheikh Yamani, Saudi Oil Minister, 1962-1986
Source: World Energy Assessment 2001, HIS, WoodMackenzie, BP Stat Review 2005, BP estimates
ROW
12% 35%
Strategic Stakes
Economic Stakes
World Bank
IMF Loan
Muslims have 69% of Oil Reserve and 58% of Gas Reserve of the World; produces 40% of world agriculture production yet most of Muslim population live in state of poverty We hold key sea trade routes i.e. Straits of Hormuz, Straits of Malacca and Suez Canal Global economy rest on foundation of economical supply of plentiful Oil & Gas but Islamic beliefs strictly prohibits Non-Muslims to have presence in Arab world (esp. K.S.A) Hence, War on Terrorism is aftermath of unhappy marriage of Muslim Arab and West over Oil; So, Arab world (esp. K.S.A) will keep producing terrorists, Pakistan suffers from this! Osama used Tribal belt, USA used Tribal belt against Russia, History used these fighters since Alexander. Tribal people are born fighters with harsh & rugged lifestyle. Thus, solution is militarization of Tribal belt of Pakistan and Afghanistan and use it as instrument for Muslim World Energy Security. No wealth is yours if you cannot protect it
Natural Gas may continue to be our major supply source in energy mix due to the extensive pipeline infrastructure i.e. transmission & distribution grid
Option for I-P, Q-P and Central Asian Gas pipelines We have access to about one third of Worlds Gas
Reference: CediGaz
Ru ss ia Ira Sa Q n u a Un d i A tar ite ra d bi Ab Sta a u- tes Dh N ab Ve i ge i ne ri a zu Al ela In ge d o ria ne sia Au Iraq st ra Tu l rk Ch i a m in en a is No tan r M wa al y ay s Ka E i a za gyp kh t st Ku a n Uz w be ai ki s t Ca ta n na da Az Lib Ne e rb ya th ai ja er n lan ds In Uk d ia r Pa ai n kis e t Bo an li v Om i a Ro a m n an ia
TURKMENISTAN
TAPI Turkmenistan Segment = 145 Km Yoloten-Osman Gas Field
AFGHANISTAN
TAPI Afghanistan Segment = 735 Km
PAKISTAN
TAPI Pakistan Segment = 800 Km
Lahore
Multan Quetta IP Iran Segment, 56 = 900 Km completed Iran Shahr IP Pakistan Segment = 785 Km 750 MMcfd, 42/48 $ 1.245 billion Nawabshah Iran Shahr to Mile 250= 250 Km to be completed Gwadar Sulaimanke Fazilka
Asaluyeh
Source: ISGS
%
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
8 3
1.5 6
15 2 22
51 47.5 6
67 24
2.5 31.2 32 23
37
Pakistan
Oil
India
Gas Coal
China
Hydel Others
USA
US $
Pakistans energy mix to provide affordable and sustainable energy supplies at unsubsidized price to its economy by using of indigenous coal and hydel resources like China and India
Years
Adequacy! Can our energy Supplies to meet demand on sustainable Basis? Diversity! our energy mix is diverse or not at present? Can it be made to diversify? Affordability! Our energy prices are competitive compared to world or not? Viability! Sector Governance and Institutional viability of our present mix and future mix Reliability! Are there any risks of physical interruptions in energy supplies?
Sector Domestic Households Commercial Sector Industry Agriculture Transport Other Government Sub Total Demand Transformation Total Major opportunities: Power , UFG, Appliances, DSM
Realizable Saving as % of Consumption in FY 2008 25.8% 23.9 % 11.1 % 19.6 % 13.9 % 2.7 % 15.4 % 13.8 % 14.9 % Potential saving 3 Billion US $ per year
Single integrated Energy policy for all energy sectors i.e. upstream, downstream, R.E, nuclear, Coal etc Formation of Ministry of Energy is required as there is lack/difference of collective and integrated plan/view of the Country, Region and the World Merge M/o Water & Power and M/o P&NR to work under M/o Energy; OGRA & NEPRA merger to follow up M/o Energy must have representative of Planning Commission, M/o Finance, M/o Petroleum & Natural Resources , M/o Water & Power, Federal & Provincial representatives, Regulators, Industry and the consumer so as to form a structured group of professionals drawn from all public and private sectors entities of the country
Power Sector
Public Private
US $ Billion
27.8 1.0
Source
W.G for 10th 5 year Plan Major investment in under implementation Hydro projects is proposed FODP ESTF Report 2010 Guestimates
28.8
Fuel Sector
- Oil & Gas Production and refining, LNG Import - Others Pipelines explorations & Coal sector, T&D 11.0 10.2
14.2
Total
50
Gradually and systematically eliminate subsidies from domestic, refinery and fertilizer sectors Subsidies should be provided directly through support programs so as to avoid the benefit going to manufacturer, middle men and rent seekers Resolve Circular Debt Issue and prevent recurrence Attract Private Sector Investor Set up Energy Development Funds through Donors Develop Bond Markets , Banking Sector (exposure autonomy, innovative products) Unbundle and divest public energy sector asset Improve law and order, stop corruption
Develop provincial consensus on promotion and development of hydropower generation Pre-feasibilities to be made in great number through donors and PSDP fund Develop run-of-river projects on massive scale through indigenous resources Strengthen engineering and design capacities of relevant institutions required for building large dams and related power equipment Develop financial capacities in lending institutions Power Policy to address evacuation for hydro power
Dam
Bunji Basha Dam Dasu Kalabagh Kohala Neelam-J Munda
Capacity (MW)
7,000 4,500 4320 3,600 1100 969 740
Total
22,229
Name
Diamer Basha Golen Gol Neeium Jhelum Kurram Tangi Munda Kohala Keyal Khwar
Million US $
Project Cost in
8273 155.7 1629.5 668.7 900 2155 145.6
Capacity in MW
4500 106 969 83 740 1100 122
Installed
Name
Phandar Dasu Bunji Akhori Lower Spatgah Palas Valley
Million US $
Project Cost in
70 7800 6838 3300 614 667
Capacity in MW
80 4320 7000 600 567 621 3600
Installed
Kalabagh No estimate
1,000
8760
0.5
Installed Capacity Conversion factor of (MW) of Kalabagh Mega to Kilo-Watt = 15,768,000,000 kWh
Salient Features
Cheap Electricity: Rs- 1.50 per kWh Nearby Major Load Centers Water Storage worth tens of Billions Rs. Extended irrigation, Flood Control Restore capacity of Tarbela & Chasma Location is close to the National Grid
Concrete Gravity Dam (Build cost is less) Dam is connected to both Road/Rail Last Down Stream location for Dam before Indus enter in to Sindh plains Largest catchment area, Most diverse water source, Kabul, Haro,Swan, Indus
1. Flooding of Peshawar Valley including Nowshera Backwater effect of Lake would end about 10 miles downstream of Nowshera. 2. Area of Mardan, Pabbi and Swabi plains would be adversely affected creating water logging and salinity Lowest ground levels at Mardan, Pabbi and Swabi areas are 970, 960 and 1000 feet as compared to the maximum conservation level of 915 ft for Kalabagh operation pattern of reservoir cannot block the land drainage and cause water logging or salinity 3. Population Displacement Total population to be relocated is 120,320 of which 78,170 shall be from Punjab and 42,150 from NWFP.
4. No surplus water to fill Kalabagh reservoir Annual average wastage of water is 21 MAF to Sea. Kalabagh Reservoir will be filled up with 6MAF only, which will gradually be released to the provinces. 5. Anxiety the project would render Sindh into desert Dams dont consume water but only store water during flood season and make it available on demand basis. Infact, Sindh will get extra 2.25 MAF for irrigation... 6. Sea Water intrusion estuary would accentuate Data shows that sea water intrusion seems to be at its maximum even now, and it is unlikely to be aggravated further. Annual average release of even 8.6 MAF below Kotri will be possible to stop the Sea water intrusion
Hydroelectric Generation at least 26,000 MW by 2025. Implement the Wapda Plan, include Kalabagh Renewable Energy resource i.e. Solar & Wind potential for power generation may be very tempting but public sector funding to it should be avoided till technology matures in the world and price goes down. Moreover, these sources are intermittent hence need backup batteries. The battery technology is still very primitive in the world Leave Wind & Solar for private sector only! Hydro power technology is reliable & established, used for decades i.e. divert limited public funding from solar & wind to Major Hydel Power Projects
Stepped up E&P activities for Oil & Gas by improving drilling intensity from present i.e. one well /1376 sq. km Have a formula of making the local population as shareholders in Oil & Gas production areas Law & Order situation and terrorism should be addressed appropriately Proper well head gas pricing to attract investor Enhanced Oil Recovery, In Fill Drilling, Tight Gas R&D projects to promote and accelerate the exploration activity in unexplored area of the country in order to fill in future energy gaps
ONSHORE Zone I: (High Risk High Cost) Zone II: (Medium Risk High to Medium Cost) Zone III: (Low Risk Low Cost)
Punjab ZONE-II ZONE-II ZONE-I ZONE-III Balochistan Sindh N.W.F.P
J&K Disputed Territory
Non-performing Exploratory Licenses due to security reasons OFFSHORE Zone 0: Indus & Makran
Shallow
ZONE-O
Hyperlink
Super Deep
Deep
Eliminate Cross Subsidy in Gas Sale Price i.e. Domestic and Fertilizer sector Expand Oil importing facilities
Up-gradation of Port Qasim Development of Gwadar Port
Build strategic relationship with crude suppliers and diversify supply source Minimize use of Fuel oil for power generation and industrial usage as its supplies are expected to be restricted and with volatile pricing
Import of energy
Gas Import
Pipeline
IPI Central Route IPI Coastal Route Qatar Deep Sea Route TAPI
LNG
Year
Future Nuclear Cumulative Power Plants to (MW) be added to Grid K-1 and C-1 340 MW (C-2) 340 MW 340 MW 1000 MW 1000 MW 1000 MW 415 755 1095 1435 2345* 3345 4345
The Pak-China link needs to be kept engaged and strengthened Chinese supply capability limited to 300 MW size but larger 1000 MW size possible after 2-3 years NPPs require about 7 years in construction. (Energy Project Cycle) Enhance exploration and infrastructure for mining
Hyperlink
Development of energy sector esp. Coal & Hydel requires tens of billions of Dollars investmentt. It is paramount to create the enabling environment for investor through: Develop the Human Resource Requirement is paramount for every sector of energy
Qualified, competent and trained Human Resource Consistencies and Quality of Policies i.e. Energy, Trade, Economic, Foreign, Security & Environment Transparency, Impartiality, fairness, reasonableness, Merit appointments, Systematic & effective implementation, faster decisions, policy shifts, regulatory changes, capacity building
Revamp the selection and screening process, the salary structure, recognition and reward system, behavioral issues of energy sector organizations
Umar bin Khattab (R.A, Al-Farooq) once gathered people and asked them to make a wish. They wished that this room may be filled with gold & silver and they spent it in path of ALLAH. He asked them again to make a wish they said may this room is filled with jewels and diamonds and they spent it in path of ALLAH. He didnt like and asked them again. They gave up and asked O Umar tell us what do we wish, fill this room with what? He said I wish that ALLAH fill this room with men like Abu-Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah and I send them all in path of ALLAH. The people thanked Umar R.A for this wonderful advise
Hyperlink
The primary use of coal is power generation worldwide Today the world gets more than 38 % of its electricity from coal, China generate 80 %, India generate 66%, USA generate 60% and Pakistan generate 0.1% electricity using coal which is cheap and economical In the Asian region 45 % of power is generated from coal, which is expected to increase to 60 % by 2020 Advanced technologies for coal gasification, clean coal technologies, fuel cells and syngas conversion etc are available but very expensive at present Pakistan should focus on conventional open cast integrated mining i.e. power plant near the mine mouth
Area of the field: Distance from Karachi: Coal seam thickness: Coal seam depth: Potential Reserves:
Coal category is Lignite having calorific value between 6,200-11,000 BTU/lb, it has high moisture i.e. 47%, ash5.75%, low sulphur-1.2% and volatile matter-33% There are three aquifers at an average depth of 50m, 120m (above seam) and more than 200m (below seam) which needs hydrological solution. Dune sands, silt stone cover, very high stripping ratio and high moisture content in Thar Coal make Thar mining and power generation challenging
The climate of Thar is arid and rating to cool winters and dry and warm summers Rainfall is the only source of fresh surface and ground water. The rainfall is limited and occurs during the monsoon season from June-Sept. with a high intensity and low frequency The desert itself let flourish natural vegetation of all kinds after rain All the tropical crops are grown round the year Wild life of Thar desert viz; deer antelopes, black buck, wild ass, and peacock are world wide famous
1 2
Block I Engro Sindh Coal Mining Company (40% Sindh Government; 60% Engro) 1200 MW Cougar Energy (Australia) Under Ground Coal Gasification Project 400 MW Bin Daen Group (UAE)) 1000MW Under Ground Coal Gasification Project Dr Samar Mubarakmand 100MW Oracle, PLC (UK) 600MW Block III B, VII & VIII
3 A 4
Thar Coal potential can provide Hundred Thousand (100,000) MW of electricity for more than two (2) centuries Equivalent to about 617 Billion Barrels of Oil, Worth 30 trillion US $ @ 50$/Barrel More than 2 Saudi Oil reserves Pricing mechanism must provide minimum 16% return on investment for Thar Coal Fired Power Plant Open Cast mining at the depth of 145 meter with 3 aquifers will be challenging, So Thar is Medium to Long term option Provide necessary infrastructure and development in Thar area i.e. water, road & security Develop policy for Integrated Coal Mining/Power Put professionals of coal field at the helm
24
Kharo Bhitro
Sonalba Jagirharho
Singharo
Vakrio BLOCK II
BLOCK IV
Thae Jo Tar
Jinde Jo Tar
Islamkot
24
Khario
Oil
Gas
Dhinkario
Mattu Jo Tar
Kikari
70 20
70 30
Energy Sector is in a critical state Energy Efficiency & Demand Side Management to get the highest priority Prepare to live with planned load shedding Pay for what you Consume policy must be adopted i.e. remove subsidies Actual availability of resources for Investment may be much less than planned mainly due to lack of financing & investment, war on terrorism and resulting law & order situation due to the aforementioned war Militarize the Tribal belt of Pakistan & Afghanistan and use it as instrument for Muslim Worlds Energy Security. United Muslim Army under control of OIC like NATO. It will end the terrorism! It is imperative to realize Wapda plan of Hydroelectric Generation of 26,000 MW by 2025 also include Kalabagh Dam. Resolve all disputes! Develop Thar Coal, energy secured for centuries Integrated Energy Planning is the need of the hour Improve Governance, No Corruption, HRD is the Key
We must understand that the existence and secure future of Pakistan do not depend on nuclear deterrence and properly guided missiles but on planning and management of our resources by properly guided men.
(Men who make the difference article by Asim Riaz)
Prepared by: Mr. Asim Riaz, B.Sc Double Math-Physics, B.Sc Mechanical Engineering, Master in Energy Management Participated in developing and validation of Pakistan Integrated Energy Model (Pak-IEM) Member Editorial Board of Pakistan Journal for Hydrocarbon Research (PJHR) Contact: +92-345-5100667; asim78@gmail.com
And you shall see the angels surrounding the Throne (of ALLAH) on all sides, glorifying the praise of their Lord; and judgment shall be given between them with justice, and it shall be said in the end: Praise be to ALLAH, the Lord of the Worlds!
Quran, Az-Zumar, 75
Hyperlink