The Punjab

Presentation prepared by
Pratik Kashikar

After independence
Punjab

Map of India

Why state named

punjab?
Punjab is Punj
means 5 & Aab
means Water.
The name talking
about the five rivers
that flow through
region.
Name of the rivers
Indus
Jhelum
Chinab
Ravi
Sutlej

Struggle of
Punjab
316 A.D. The Great Sikandar comes to India,
from that time Punjabs struggle starts.
During Mughal rule, there was lots of conflict,
chaos, and political upheavals in the Punjab.
Battles Against Mahomedians by Guru Teg
bahadur and after than Guru Govind singh, Who
was the last guru of Sikh's.
Dulip Singh was proclaimed Maharaja of the
Punjab in September 1843, who is the pioneer
of empowerment of Sikh army which known as
Khalsa Army.

Struggle of
Punjab
Jallian wala bag massacres- In Punjab, during World
War I (1914-18), there was considerable unrest
particularly among the Sikhs, first on account of the
demolition of a boundary wall of Gurudwara Rakab
Ganj at New Delhi and later because of the activities
and trials of the Ghadrites almost all of whom were
Sikhs.
killing of hundreds of unarmed, defenseless Indians
by a senior British military officer Brigadier-General
Reginald Edward Harry Dyer, which took place on
13 April 1919 in the heart of Amritsar, the holiest
city of the Sikhs, on a day sacred to them as the
birth anniversary of the Khalsa (Vaisakhi day).

Struggle of

Punjab

In Jallianwala bag above 1500 people

killed, including women's and Childs.
After Jallianwala bag chapter Punjab
suffered till 1948.
Because of partition, the most
suffered state of India was Punjab. In
between partition near about
1,oo,ooo people were killed in that
gadar.

Some memories

A flame that burns to

remember the 1500+
innocent who were killed
in cold blood at the
Jallianwala massacre in

The Jallianwala
Baug Memorial in
Amritsar, India.

Partition

Some dark moment of

partition

Punjab
The Land of Lions

Poras
Chandragupt mourya
Samrat Ashok
Sikh Guru Govindsingh
Lala Lajpatrai
Bhagat singh
& Many more

The

Punjab

Birth place of vedic sanskriti

Birth place of
Rig-Veda
Upanishad's
Ramayana
Mahabharata
18 Purans
It is also birth place of Chanakya
Nitishashtra.

The

Punjab

Birth place of oldest civilization

Harappa sanskriti

Indus sanskriti

Harappa

Ancient History of Punjab

The Punjab has long ancient history and cultural

heritage
Before 3000 BC

Aboriginals of Punjab

3000 BC - 2000 BC

Indus Valley Civilization

2000 BC - 1500 BC

Aryans Invade the Punjab

2000 BC - 500 BC

Aryan Civilization, Vedas Composed in

the Punjab
Development of Caste System

800 BC

Invasion of Punjab by Semiramis

650 BC

Invasion of Punjab by Ancient Scythians

550 BC - 500 BC

Persian Invasion of Punjab

550 BC - 400 AD

Spread of Buddhism in Punjab

321 BC

Invasion of Punjab Alexander

273 BC - 232 BC

Period of Samrat Ashok

206 BC

Invasion by Antiochus

Ancient History of Punjab

The Punjab has long ancient history and cultural

heritage
165 BC

Invasion by Eneradites

110 BC - 400

Scythians Invade Punjab, Rule

400 711

Turks, Kashmiri Kings Conquer

711 962

Arabs Invade
Rajputs Expel Arabs, Rule the Punjab

962 - 1186

Turks Invade , Ghaznivide Dynasty

1186 - 1205

Ghori Dynasty

1205 - 1288

Tartar Dynasty

1288 - 1321

Khilji Dynasty

1321 - 1395

Toghlak Dynasty

1396

Invasion of by Tymur

1416 - 1450

Dynasty of the Saied's

Ancient History of Punjab

The Punjab has long ancient history and cultural

heritage
1450 - 1526

Lodi Dynasty

1469 - 1539

Period of Guru Nanak

1519

Moghals, under Baber, Invade

1526 - 1540

Moghal Dynasty

1539 - 1675

Period of 8 Sikh Gurus After Nanak

1540

Sher Shah Conquers

1540 - 1555

Sur Dynasty

1555

Moghals, under Humayun, Conquer

1556 - 1605

Akber Ascends the Throne, Rules

1605 - 1658

Jahangir, ShahJahan

1658 - 1707

Muhyuddin Aurangzeb

1675 - 1708

Guru Govind Singh

Ancient History of Punjab

The Punjab has long ancient history and cultural

heritage
1699

Birth of the Khalsa

1708 - 1715

Conquests of Banda Bahadur

1713

Muhammad Farrukhseer Ascends the Throne

1739

Invasion of Nadir Shah

1748

Ahmad Shah

1764 - 1799

Rule of Sikh Misls

1799 - 1839

Rule by Maharaja Ranjit Singh

1849

Annexation of the Punjab

1849 - 1947

British Rule

1947

Punjab Divided Between and India & Pakistan

 This shows that Punjab suffered by

attacks from last 2000 years, then also
its legacy remains & grow day by day.
Its identity & culture survives.
Today Punjab is the richest state of India.
Punjab is the state who brings GREEN
REVOLUTION.
Because of Punjab, Today India have
more food then its need.
Lots of personalities comes from this
state in each & every field. Like in
Politics, Sports, Arts and etc..

People
The people of this state are very hospitable,
enterprising and industrious. Today, this is
one of the most developed states in India.
The contribution of Punjab in the field of
"green revolution", industrial development,
sports and armed forces has been unique
and unparalleled. Punjab is dotted with
places of historical and cultural interest.
This land is inhabited by the brave people
who fought battles with invaders for
centuries, and is very aptly called "Sher-ePunjab" or the land of lions.

Punjab
Demography

Area: 50,362 sq Km
Capital: Chandigarh
Language: Punjabi
Districts: 20
Population : 24358999
Males : 10,695,136
Females : 9,495,659
Literacy: 57.14%

Demographics of Punjab

Religion

No. of
people

% of
total

Total
population

24358999 100%

Sikhs

16,656,34
63.60%
5

Hindus

7,997,942 34.00%

Muslims

382,045

1.57%

Christians

292,800

1.20%

Buddhists

41,487

0.17%

Jains

39,276

0.16%

Others

8,594

0.04%

The Indian state of Punjab is 66% Sikh

and 31% Hindu.
There is a small Muslim population still
living there, especially in Malerkotla. In
recent times, there is growing concern in
the state about the immigration of
laborers from other Indian states such as
Orissa, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Around
15-20% of Punjab's population is now
made up of migrants from other states.
The literacy rate in Punjab is 75%, male
literacy being 80.23% and female
literacy is 68.36%.
Being an agricultural state, a large part
of the population lives in the rural area.
Approx. 66% of people live in rural areas
while the rest 34% is urban resident.
The state has a very skewed sex ratio,
according to the 2001 census there are
876 females per 1000 males in Punjab.

Districts of Punjab
Amritsar

Ludhiana

Barnala

Mansa

Bhatinda

Moga

Firojpur

Mohali

Fatehghar sahib

Muktsar

Faridkot

Patiala

Gurdaspur

Rupnagar

Hoshiyarpur

Sangrur

Jalandhar

Sahid Bhagat Singh nagar

Kapurthala

Tarn Taran

Government and politics

Government of Punjab , Politics of Punjab , and List
of districts of Punjab
The head of government is an indirectly-elected
Chief Minister who is vested with most of the
administrative powers.
The state legislature is the unicameral Punjab
Legislative Assembly, with 117 members elected
from single-seat constituencies.
The capital of Punjab is Chandigarh which also
serves as the capital of Haryana, and is thus
administered separately as a Union Territory of India.
The judicial branch of the state government is
provided by the Punjab and Haryana High Court in
Chandigarh.

economy
According to the India State Hunger Index 2008, Punjab has the lowest
level of hunger in India.
According to India Today, Leading magazine in India, Punjab has been
awarded overall best state since, 2003 and has been able to retain the
top position every year. It also affords best quality of life to its residents.
Punjab (Land of the five rivers) is one of the most fertile regions on earth.
Indian Punjab is called the "Granary of India" or "India's bread-basket".
It produces 14% of India's cotton, 20% of India's wheat, and 9% of India's
rice.
The Firozpur District is the largest producer of wheat and rice in the state.
In worldwide terms, Punjab produces 2% of the world's cotton, 2% of its
wheat and 1% of the world's rice.
Other important crops are rice, cotton, sugarcane, pearl millet, maize,
barley and fruit.
Excluding agriculture other major industries include the manufacture of
scientific instruments, electrical goods, machine tools, textiles, tourism,
sewing machines, sports goods, starch, fertilizers, bicycles, and the
processing of pine oil and sugar

Some Beautiful Fields of

Punjab

Education in Punjab

Worlds first university Takshashila

vishwavidhyalaya was based in Punjab
Indias one and only sports university
National Institute of Sports based in
Punjab
Adesh Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Faridkot
Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
Punjab University, Chandigarh etc
There are near about 26 universities in
Punjab

Tourism In Punjab
Amritsar-Sacred
city of the Sikhs, The Golden
Amritsar
Temple, Gardens, Fort, Museums, Jallianwala
baug.
Taran Taran-Sikh
Shrine.
Taran
Dera Baba Nanak/ Govindwal/ Kiratpur -Sikh
pilgrim center.
Pathankot -Gateway to Jammu and Kashmir and
the Valleys of Himachal.
Patiala - Palace and Museum, National Institute
of Sports.
Ludhiana - Best place for shopping.
Wagha BorderBorder The Pride of India & Punjab
Major TownsTowns Chandigarh, Amritsar, Patiala,
Ludhiana, Jalandhar.

Some place you

must see

Motibagh palace

Wagha Border

Golden Temple of Amritsar

Transportation

Public transport in Punjab is provided by buses, auto

rickshaws and Indian railways. The state has a large network
of multimodal transportation system.
Air
Punjab has six airports . Domestic airports are at Ludhiana,
Patiala, Pathankot, Mohali. International airport, Sri Guru Ram
Das Jee International Airport in Amritsar is the largest and
most important airport in the state and is also the second
busiest in North India after Delhi Airport. Prominent Airports
in Punjab are:
Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport
Sahnewal Airport
Pathankot Airport
Patiala Airport
Chandigarh Airport

Transportation
Rail
Almost all the major as well as smaller cities of the state are linked
through railways. Amritsar is the largest railway station having trains
connecting to all major cities. The railway junction in Bhatinda is the
largest in Asia.
Road
All the cities and towns of Punjab are connected with four lane roads,
National Highway. The Grand Trunk Road also called as NH1 connect
Calcutta to Peshawar passing through Jalandhar and Amritsar. Another
major National Highway connect Punjab to Jammu passing through
Hoshiyarpur and Pathankot. The state road conditions are the finest in
India. The national Highways passing through the state is ranked the
best in the country with road networks widely spread , covering isolated
towns as well as border region.
The following National Highways connect major towns, cities and
villages:
National Highway 1 , National Highway 10 , National Highway 15 ,
National Highway 1A , National Highway 20 , National Highway 21 ,
National Highway 22 ,National Highway 64 , National Highway 70 ,
National Highway 71 (India) National Highway 95.

Religion in Punjab
In Punjab Sikh religion is a dominant religion.
A progressive religion well ahead of its time when it
was founded over 500 years ago.
The Sikh religion today has a following of over 20
million people worldwide and is ranked as the
worlds 5th largest religion.
Sikhism preaches a message of devotion and
remembrance of God at all times, truthful living,
equality of mankind and denounces superstitions
and blind rituals.
Sikhism is open to all through the teachings of its
10 Gurus enshrined in the Sikh Holy Book, Sri Guru
Granth Sahib.

Place of worship
The Sikh place of worship
is called a Gurudwara,
which means house of
God. Wherever Sikhs go,
they build a Gurudwara as
a place to worship and
meet each other.
Shri Harimandir Sahib,
commonly referred to as
the "Golden Temple," is
the world's most famous
Gurudwara.

Sikhs Articles of Faith

Sikhs have a way to show their commitment to their religion:
they wear five articles of faith, called kakkars or "5 K's." Many
Sikhs who have not taken amrit (similar to baptism) do not
keep all five. Almost all Sikhs wear the kara, or silver bangle.
These are the 5 K's:
Kachhera: The kachhera, a cotton undergarment, reminds
Sikhs of their modesty.
Kanga: The kanga, a small wooden comb, represents
cleanliness and taking care of yourself.
Kara: The kara, a steel bangle, is worn on the wrist. Since we
use our hands for almost everything we do, the bracelet is a
constant reminder of good deeds.
Kesh: The kesh, long uncut hair, has become the most visible
way to identify Sikhs. Sikhs do not cut their hair in order to
maintain the way their bodies were given to them. Most men
and some women wrap their long hair in a turban. Almost all
people you see wearing turbans in the United States are Sikhs.
Kirpan: The kirpan, a small religious sword, represents a
commitment to justice.

Festivals of Punjab
Lohri

Baisakhi

Baisakhi

Baisakhi is celebrated on the 13th of April every year,

marking the new year of Punjab. In Punjab, a primarily
agricultural area, this day is especially important as it
commemorates the first day of harvest. The fields are full
and beautiful with nature's bounty, all ready to be cut and
collected on this day. Traditionally, the men and women
perform Bhangra and Giddha to the pounding rhythm of
the dhol (drum).

Lohri
Lohri marks the end of winter, celebrated on the 13th of
January. This festival is celebrated as a harvest fair,
marked with gaiety and feasting. This festival
commemorates more than the harvest, though; it honors
the spirit of Punjab. The day that follows Lohri is an
auspicious one for the Sikh community. It is the first day
of the Punjabi month called mangh or manghi. This is a

Gurpurabs

Anniversaries associated with the lives of Sikh

Gurus are referred to as Gurpurabs
Gurpurab literally means 'festival of the guru'. The Sikhs
celebrate 10 Gurpurabs in a year. All Gurpurabs are
considered auspicious and important but special
significance is accorded to the birth anniversary of Guru
Nanak, the founder of the Sikh religion. This falls in the

Food of
Punjab

 You cant imagine Indian food without Punjabi

food. Now a days Punjabi food not only in India
but all over the world most famous food.
The Punjabi food is all about spices, cooked with
ghee or butter. With a large glass of testy lassi
or buttermilk.
The Punjabi food is available in both nonvegetarian as well as vegetarian.
The most famous Punjabi food is Sarson da
saag aur Makke di roti.
Tandoori chicken, panir tikka masala, kaju kurry
with Tandoori roti or naan are some other
famous dishes of punjabi food.

Clothing
Generally female of
Punjab wears
salwar-kameez
with bright color
chunnis.
And men wears
kurta pajamas
with turban. Which
called paghri. They
wear patka to
wraps their head.

Music and Dance

Bhangra is a lively form of

music and dance that originated

in Punjab.
As many Bhangra lyrics reflect
the long and often tumultuous
history of Punjab.
While Bhangra began as a part
of harvest festival celebrations,
it eventually became a part of
such diverse occasions as
weddings and New Year
celebrations.
Moreover, during the last thirty
years, Bhangra has enjoyed a
surge in popularity worldwide,
both in traditional form and as a
fusion with genres such as hiphop and reggae.

Music and dance

Giddha is Punjab's most

famous folk dance for

women.
In Giddha, the women enact
verses called bolish, folk
poetry, and dance.
The subject matter of these
bolish include everything
from arguments with the
father-in-law to political
affairs.
The dance rhythm is set by
the dhol and the distinctive
hand claps of the dancers.
These days, people associate
Giddha with Bhangra.

Punjabi language
Punjabi is a language (what we
speak). Gurumukhi is a script (how
we write Punjabi)
In the Punjabi language, the total
number of alphabets are 40, vowels
are 10,consonants are 5 and
dependent vowels (Matraas) are 10.

The culture of Punjab is unique. Punjabis

show a zest for life. They are known for their
hard work and bravery. They do well in all
types of work, from farming to information
technology.

Legislature

INFORMATION AS PER THE OFFICIAL DAIRY OF

Chief
Minister
, Civil2011
Aviation /
Shri Prakash Singh Badal
PUNJAB
GOVT.
Co-operation / Excise &
Taxation / General
Administration / Housing and
Urban Development / Irrigation
& Power / Personnel / Science &
Technology & Non-Conventional
Energy

Dy. Chief Minister , Home Affairs Shri Sukhbir Singh Badal

(Home Affairs, Civil Defense,) /
Information and Public
Relation / Science & Technology
& Non-Conventional Energy
/Sports & Youth Services /
Technical Education & Industrial
Training / Water Supply &
Sanitation

media
In Punjab there are no. of newspaper and
television channels.
Leading newspaper is Punjab keshari.
Leading channel is doordarshan punjabi
& many more..
Telecommunication :
BSNL , airtel , idea , vodaphone.

Thank you