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The corrosion, heat resistance and mechanical properties are all affected by the chemical composition of the
stainless steel. As the composition of the steel is varied, so are the properties. The major alloying elements of
stainless steel include:
Chromium
1.
2.
Manganese
1.
2.
3.
Above 2% increases yield strength and tensile strength (as in the 201 grade).
4.
5.
Molybdenum
1.
Increases creep resistance; strength at high temperatures; and corrosion resistance, particularly in
sulfite, sulfate, acetic acid and acetate solutions and in a salt-water atmosphere.
2.
Nickel
1.
2.
Increases high-temperature strength; ductility, which makes stainless steel easier to form; and corrosion
resistance, particularly in industrial and marine atmospheres and the chemical-, food- and textileprocessing industries.
Silicon
1.
Increases scaling resistance by forming a tight initial scale that will withstand cyclic temperature
changes; also slightly increases tensile strength and hardness.
2.
3.
When 1% or more, improves resistance to strong sulfuric acid but offers little improvement for dilution
and is unfavorable in nitric-acid service.
Increases machinability.
2.
2.
3.
Reduces stretcher strains from drawing and forming by their addition to type 430.
for
annealed
condition
Pots
Pans
Flatware
Counters
Sinks
Appliance components
Automotive
Trim
Moldings
Wiper parts
Fastener parts
Appliance
Dishwashers
Ovens
Refrigerators
Hardware
Hinges
Doors
Frames
Spring clips
Food processing
Magnetic properties:
201 stainless steel flat rolled coil is non-magnetic in the annealed condition but becomes
magnetic when cold-worked. In some cases, 201 may be substituted for other higher nickel
content alloys.
Forming:
Type 201 stainless steel is formable to most shapes but will work-harden disallowing the
most severe forming operations unless annealed prior to forming.
for
annealed
condition
Pots
Pans
Flatware
Counters
Sinks
Appliance components
Automotive
Trim
Moldings
Wiper parts
Fastener parts
Hardware
Hinges
Doors
Frames
Spring clips
Clamps
Food processing
Structural parts
Aircraft
Trailer bodies
Cargo containers
Magnetic Properties:
301 stainless steel flat rolled coil is non-magnetic in the annealed condition but becomes
magnetic when cold worked.
Forming:
Type 301 is used in fabrication by bending, roll forming, blanking, stretch bending and
drawing. It's high work hardening rate helps minimize wall thinning when deformed. Deep
drawing may require intermediate annealing or higher nickel content.
301
Full
Hard
Specifications
Stainless
Steel
for
annealed
condition
Magnetic Properties:
304L stainless steel flat rolled coil is generally non-magnetic and becomes slightly magnetic
only when cold-worked.
Forming:
Type 304L has good drawability and can be formed into many complex shapes.
304/304L Deep
Stainless Steel
Draw
Quality
Type 304 deep draw quality (304 DDQ) stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel
stainless steel that is used in special applications that require deep drawing and excellent
formability. 304 DDQ also has an elevated nickel content that provides higher corrosion
resistance.
for
annealed
condition
Fuel tanks
Kitchenware
Magnetic Properties:
304 flat rolled stainless steel is generally non-magnetic and becomes slightly magnetic only
when cold-worked.
Forming:
304 deep draw quality stainless steel has great forming capabilities that allow for severe
drawing applications.
for
annealed
condition
Dairy industry
Kitchenware
Appliances
Kitchen utensils
Tank covers
Steam traps
Magnetic Properties:
305 flat rolled stainless steel is a non-magnetic alloy that cannot be hardened by heat
treatment.
Forming:
Type 305 has excellent formability that allows it to be used where deep drawing is
necessary.
for
annealed
condition
Heavy Machinery
conveyor belts, burner parts, combustion chambers, refractory anchor bolts, oven
linings
Food Processing
Magnetic Properties:
310 flat rolled stainless steel is a non-magnetic alloy that cannot be hardened by heat
treatment.
Forming:
Type 310/310S has forming capabilties similar to that of Type 304. It can be easily formed
into most shapes.
for
annealed
condition
Welding Application
Chemical Industry
for
annealed
condition
Automotive
Heat exchangers
Chemical Processing
Construction
Firewalls
Magnetic Properties:
Forming:
Type 321 can be easily formed and drawn, but it may require re-annealing after forming and
drawing.
for
annealed
condition
Automotive
Chemical Processing
Magnetic Properties:
347 rolled coil stainless steel is generally non-magnetic.
Forming:
Type 347 can be easily formed and drawn, but it may require re-annealing after forming and
drawing.
409
Stainless
Specifications:
ASTM
A240
ASTM A666 for tempered material*
Composition per ASTM A240
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Silicon
Steel
for
Rolled
annealed
Coil
condition
409
Stainless
Applications:
Steel
Rolled
Coil
Automotive
Tubular manifolds
Mufflers
Silencers
Catalytic converters
Farming
Magnetic Properties:
409 flat rolled stainless steel is magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment. It can,
however, be somewhat hardened by cold-working.
Forming:
Type 409 has great ductility and is suitable for use in deep draw applications. It is also easily
formable.
409
ULTRA
Steel
FORM Stainless
Type 409 ULTRA FORM (UNS S40920) is a ferritic stainless steel that provides improved
forming and welding over standard Type 409. In addition, 409 ULTRA FORM SS maintains
the same great resistance to corrosion and oxidation as other ferritic steels. 409 ULTRA
FORM SS is a trademark product of AK Steel. It is comparable to 409 DDQ, which is also
available from North American Stainless.
409 ULTRA FORM stainless steel is used in applications that require complex shapes and
weldability.
for
Stainless
annealed
Steel
condition
409 ULTRA
Applications:
Automotive
FORM
Stainless
Steel
Brake shields
Fuel filters
Heat exchangers
Magnetic Properties:
409 ULTRA FORM stainless steel is magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
Forming:
Type 409 ULTRA FORM SS can be formed into many shapes without any difficulty.
for
annealed
condition
Flat springs
Hand tools
Nuts
Bolts
Screws
Kitchenware
Magnetic Properties:
410 rolled coil stainless steel is magnetic in all conditions.
Forming:
Type 410 has a moderate ability to be formed and drawn into other shapes.
for
annealed
condition
Construction
Roofing
Siding
Kitchenware
Cooking utensils
Dishwashers
Ovens
Range hoods
Refrigerators
Skewers
Chemical Processing
Magnetic Properties:
430 flat rolled stainless steel is magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
Forming:
Type 430 can be readily drawn and formed into most shapes.
for
annealed
condition
Clamps
Magnetic Properties:
441 flat rolled stainless steel is magnetic in all conditions.
Forming:
Type 441 has good ductility and can be formed into most shapes.
No. 1 Finish/HRAP
(Hot Rolled Annealed & Pickled, also called a No. 1 Finish) This dull finish is
common for heavy gauge material. In general, stainless steel over .1875 thick will be
delivered as HRAP. It is also possible to have HR (Hot Rolled) or HRA (Hot Rolled
Annealed) stainless steel; however, Stainless Sales Corporation typically carries
HRAP from .1875 to .250 thick.
No. 2 Finish
There are two variations of the No. 2 finish. Unless specified, either a 2D or a 2B will
be delivered when a No. 2 finish is requested.
o 2D
This dull finish is achieved by cold-rolling, heat-treating & pickling. It is the
standard finish for 439, 409, 436 and 441.
o 2B
This mill finish is produced the same way as 2D, but a final light rolling pass
gives the surface a smooth, reflective gray sheen. It is the standard finish
for201, 301, 304, 304L and 316L.
BA (Bright Annealed)
This bright, shiny finish is produced by annealing in an oxygen-free atmospheric
condition following cold-rolling with highly polished rolls. The degree of brightness
can vary depending on the grade, gauge and annealing conditions. Common grades
of BA material are 304 and 430. When buying a BA, be sure to specify its end-use.
This information is critical to ensuring that you receive the best bright surface for your
application. BA material is available only up to about .075 thick. Due to the process,
a light gauge BA material may be brighter than 16 gauge BA.