ECONOMY - High School CLASS XII IPS

PART I
CHARACTERISTICS TRADING COMPANY
COMPANY TRADING AND COMPANY SERVICE
1. Definition
Often times we are confusion in determining the type of
business a company. When examined, the activity of an
enterprise can be classified into three types, namely
service companies, trading companies, and manufacturing
companies (manufacturing). The service company is a
company founded a person or group of people whose
main activity / principal is engaged in services or sell
services. Income derived from this service company be a
result of the delivery of services, in the form of service
revenues. Trading companies are companies engaged in
primary / basic make purchases of goods for resale
without changing the shape and function of the
goods. These companies earn revenue from the sale of
merchandise. Examples of trading companies, among
others: bookstores, school supplies and electronics. This
store only sells his wares without changing the shape or
function of these goods.
2. Characteristics Trading Company
Trading company is different from the type of
business at service companies. There are some special
characteristics inherent in trading companies is as follows.
a. The income earned from the delivery / sale of
merchandise.
b. Merchandise traded unchanged form and function.
c. The accounts contained on trading companies, among
others; purchase or supply of merchandise, returns and
the reduction of the purchase price, purchase pieces,
payload purchasing, sales, sales returns and price
reductions, rebates
sales, cost of sales, and sales duty.

d. Operating expenses divided into two groups, namely

marketing
expenses
and
administrative
burdens
umum.Beban marketing is all the burden
or incurred in the delivery of merchandise to consumers /
customers (eg, employee salaries as the marketing, sales
payload).
While the general administrative burden is the burden
borne or incurred in connection with the management /
managerial company (for example, employee salary
section offices, the use of office supplies).
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN perusaan SERVICES WITH
TRADING COMPANY
Based on the characteristics of the trading company, it
can be concluded about the difference between a service
company with the following trading companies.
ACCOUNT IN TRADE
Trading companies are different from service
companies. Accounts used in the trading company that is
related to the purchase and sale of merchandise.
It appears primarily on accounts used in trading
companies,
among
others,
purchase
account,
merchandise inventory, purchase returns and price
reductions, as well as pieces of purchase.
1. Purchasing (purchases), this account is used to record
all transactions relating to the purchase of goods either by
cash or credit, if the company uses the method of
recording inventory with physical methods or periodic. In
case of purchase of merchandise based on the evidence
of the transaction in the form of a purchase invoice or
cash out the evidence subsequently recorded in the
accounts of purchases on the debit side.
2. Merchandise inventories (inventory), this account is
used to record all transactions relating to the purchase of
goods either by cash or credit, if the company uses the
method of recording the perpetual inventory method or

continuously. In case of purchase of merchandise based on

the evidence of the transaction in the form of a purchase
invoice or cash out the evidence subsequently recorded in
the accounts of merchandise inventory at the discharge
side.
3.
Return
of
Purchase
and
Price
Reduction (Purchases returns and allowances), this
account is used for record transactions relating to
refundgoods which have been purchased but returned
because goods not in accordance with the order or the
goods are damaged. In case of refund / return of
goods merchandise he had purchased the proof of the
transaction debit memo will be recorded in the accounts
retur and the purchase price reduction on the debit side.
4. Pieces Purchasing (purchases discount), this account
is used to record the transactions that occur because of
cuts purchase. Pieces of this purchase happen if the buyer
pays the price of goods bought in a set period of time
(terms) pieces. Pieces of this purchase is influenced by the
payment terms set by the seller. Company (the seller)
often apply the term payment terms. The conditions of
sale (payment terms) include: