Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OF
DENTAL MATERIALS
By
Dr Khawaja Rashid Hassan
Assistant Professor
RAWAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
RAWAL COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
ISLAMABAD
1
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
DENTAL MATERIALS
Defined
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
DENTAL MATERIALS
1.
2.
MASTICATORY FORCES
Tooth
Occlusal forces
applied by adult
dentition is greatest
in posterior region.
In growing children
there is an average
annual increase in
force of 22 N.
Denture wearers
only apply 40% of
the forces given in
table.
Second
molar
First molar
Average
force (N)
800
390
Bicuspids
288
Cupids
208
Incisors
155
STRESS
STRAIN
Relative
1.
2.
3.
4.
COMPRESSION
TYPES OF STRESSES
1.
2.
3.
3 simple types.
TENSILE STRESS:
causes the body to stretch or elongate.
Tensile stress is always accompanied by
tensile strain.
COMPRESSIVE STRESS:
causes the body to shorten or
compress. Compressive
SHEAR STRESS:
resist the sliding or twisting of one
portion of the body over another.
Hooke's Law
Hooke's
13
Hooke's Law
Hooke's
formula
stress / strain = a constant.
The value of the constant depends on
the material and the type of stress.
For tensile and compressive forces it
is called Young's modulus, E; for
shearing forces, the shear modulus, S;
and, for forces affecting the volume of
the object, the bulk modulus , K.
14
PROPORTIONAL LIMIT
It
15
STENGTH
Strength is the maximum stress that
a material can withstand without
sustaining a specific amount of
plastic strain.
OR
Stress at the point of fracture.
16
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
ULTIMATE TENSILE STENGTH :
Simply called as TENSILE STRENGTH.
It is defined as the Tensile stress at the
point of fracture.
YIELD STRENGTH :
It is the stress at which a test specimen
exhibits a specific amount of plastic strain.
Used in the conditions when proportional
limit cannot be determined with accuracy.
17
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
SHEAR STRENGTH:
Maximum shear stress at the point of
fracture.
FLEXURAL STRENGTH:
Defined as force per unit area at the
point of fracture of a specimen that is
subjected to flexural loading
Also called as BENDING STRENGTH
or MODULUS OF RUPTURE
18
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
FATIGUE STRENGTH:
Determined
by subjecting a material to
cyclic stress of maximum known value and
determining the number of cycles required
to cause failure of the material.
Maximum service stress (endurance limit)
can be maintained without failure over an
infinite number of cycles.
Endurance limit is lower for materials with
brittle and rough surface.
19
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
FATIGUE STRENGTH:
Dental
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
IMPACT STRENGTH:
Impact
21
ELASTIC MODULUS
Also
ELASTIC MODULUS
Unaffected
MAY 2012
(THURSDAY)
LECTURE TIMING
TOPICS:
1)
2)
3)
VIVA
4TH
MAY 2012
(FRIDAY)
TUTORIAL TIMINGS
4)
5)
INTRODUCTION TO DENTAL
MATERIALS
SELECTION & EVALUATION
OF DENTAL MATERIALS.
BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF
DENTAL MATERIALS.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
DENTAL MATERIALS.
MACHANICAL PROPERTIES
OF DENTAL MATERIALS
24
STRESS-STRAIN CURVE
For
25
26
30
31
be measured by dynamic
method.
Ultrasonic longitudinal and
transverse wave transducers and
appropriate receivers are used.
The velocity of sound wave and
density of material are used to
calculate elastic modulus.
32
RESILIENCE
The
TOUGHNESS
Amount
36
HARDNESS
In
TERMS TO REMEMBER
Shapes produced by indentors
On materials
KNOOP HARDNESS
TEST
38
VICKERS
HARDNESS
TEST
BRINELL &
ROCKWELL
HARDNESS TEST
QUESTIONS???
39