Agma 918-A93

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AGMA 918-A93
c=
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-7
AMERICAN
GEAR MANUFACTURERS
Reproduced By GLOBAL
ENGINEERINGDOCUMENTS
With The Permission Of AGMA
Under Royalty Agreement
ASSOCIATIOiV
A Summary of Numerical Examples

Demonstrating the Proceduresfor
Calculating Geometry Factors for
Spur and Helical Gears
AGMA (ThisINFORMATION
SHEET
Information Sheetis NOT an AGMA Standard)
918-A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating

Calculating Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears
the Procedures for
CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA standards are subject to constant improvement, revision, or withdrawal as
dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure that the
publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter.
[Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted in their entirety. Credit line should read:
Extracted from AGMA 918-A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating the Procedures for
Calculathg Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears, with the permission of the publisher, the American
Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.1
ABSTRACT
This information sheet provides numerical examples for calculating the pitting resistance geometry factor, I,
and bending strength geometry factor,J, for typical gearsetsthat are generated by rack-type tools (hobs, rack
cutters or generating grinding wheels) or piniowtype tools (disk-type shaper cutters). The numerical
examples are shown in tabular form and provide thevaluesforall
variables as calculated using the procedures
and equations in AGMA 908-B89. A flow chart, intended to assist in the development of a computer program
for these variables, is also included.
Copyright 0,1993
by American Gear Manufacturers
Association
Published by
American Gear Manufacturers Association

1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
January, 1993
ISBN: 1-5558~17-0
ii
Table of Contents
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
1
1
Scope .........................................................................
1
1.1 Numericalexamples .............................................................
1
1.2 Flow chart ......................................................................
1
1.3 Exceptions .....................................................................
2
2.1
2.2
Definitions and symbols ..........................................................

Definitions ......................................................................
Symbols .......................................................................
1
1
1
3
3.1
3.2
Numericalexamples .............................................................
Examples ......................................................................
Tabulation of examples ..........................................................
4
4
5
Flow chart
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
Cutting tool geometry ...........................................................

Rack type cutting tools ..........................................................
Pinion type cutting tools .........................................................
Cutting tool drawings ...........................................................
...................................................................
28
37
37
37
37
Tables
I
2A
2B
3A
3B
4A
4B
5A
5B
6A
6B
7A
7B
8A
8B
9A
9B
10A
1OB
11A
11 B
12.r
12B
Symbols used in equations .......................................................

Accurate spur gears, example 3.1 .l ...............................................
Accurate spur gears, example 3.1 .l ...............................................
Inaccurate spur gears, example 3.1.2 ..............................................
Inaccurate spur gears, example 3.1.2 ..............................................
: ..........................
Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3 ..............
Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3 .........................................
Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4 .........................
Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4 .........................
Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.15 ............................
Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5 ............................
Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6 ..........................................
Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6 ..........................................
Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7 ..........................................
Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7 ..........................................
Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8 ........................................
Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8 ........................................
Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9 ........................................
Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9 ........................................
Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .I 0 .................................
Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .l 0 .................................
Herringbone gears, example 3.1.11 ...............................................
Herringbone gears, example 3.1 .ll ...............................................
2
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Figures
1
2
3
Flow chart for Z and .Zsubroutines for AGlvlA 908-B89 ... ...........................
Hobfor examples3.1.1 and3.1.2 ................................................
................................................
Hobforexamples3.1.3and3.1.4
28
37
38
.. .
III
Table of Contents (cant)

Page
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Hobfor example3.1.5 ..........................................................

Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.5 .................................
................................................
Hobforexamples3.1.6and3.1.7
Spur pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.7 ...................................
Hob for example 3.1.8 ..........................................................
Helical pinion type shaper cutter for examples 3.1.8 and 3.1.9 .......................
Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.9 .................................
Hobforexample3.1.10 .........................................................
Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1 .ll ................................
38
39
39
40
40
41
41
42
42
[The foreword, footnotes, and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes only
and are not to be construed to be part of AGMA 918A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating
the Procedures
for Calculating Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears.]
This AGMA information sheet and related publications are based on typical or average data, conditions, or
application.
This information sheet, AGMA 918-A93, was prepared to assist designers in the proper use and interpretation
of AGMA 908B89 and to assist in the development of computer programs when calculating geometry factors
for pitting resistance, I, and bending strength, J. A flow chart provides a step by step procedure for the
calculation of these factors, either manually or by computer program. Several examples are provided to
demonstrate the calculation procedure for the various characteristics of geometry as described in AGMA
908-B89.
These include accurateand inaccurate spur gears, conventional and LACR helical gears, internal and external
gears, double helical and herringbone (Sykes) gears, and addendum modifications. The calculation of J-factor for internal gears is not defined in AGMA 908B89 and, therefore, is not covered in this information sheet. A
tabulation of all calculated variables is provided for each example based on its design criieria. This provides
the designer with known results to check against when calculating or programming these factors.
Suggestions for the improvement of this information sheet will be welcome. They should be sent to the
American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia, 22314.
PERSONNEL
of the AGMA Committee
for Helical Gear Rating
Chairman: D. McCarthy (Dorris Company)

Vice Chairman: N. Hulse (General Electric)
ACTIVE MEMBERS
K. E. Acheson .......
M. Antosiewicz ......
J. Bentley ...........
E. S. Bemdt .........
J. D. Black ..........
E. J. Bodensieck .....
N. K. Burrell .........
M. F. Dalton .........
G. DeLange .........
J. Ft. DeMarais .......
R. J. Drago ..........
R. L. Errichello .......
H. Hagan ............
H. Ft. Johnson .......
0. LaBath ...........
ASSOCIATE
G. Lian ..............
L. Lloyd .............
D. R. McViiie ........
A. Milbum ...........
C. Moyer ............
R. Nay ..............
M. W. Neesley .......
W. P. Pizzichil ........
J. W. Polder .........
E. R. Sewall .........
J. Tellman ...........
T. Tumbull ...........
W. Wagner ..........
C. C. Wang ..........
R. Wasilewski ........
Amarillo Gear Co.

Lufkin Industries
Gear Engineers, Inc.
Milbum Engineering
The Timken Co.
Pratt & Whitney
WesTech Gear
Philadelphia Gear
Academic Member
Sewall Gear
Reliance Electric/Reeves
Mobile Pulley & Machine
Sewall Gear
3E Software & Engrg.
Arrow Gear
MEMBERS
J. Adamson .........
R. G. Allenby ........
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K. Beckman .........
D. L. Borden .........
E. R. Braun ..........
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A. Cardou ...........
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A. S. Cohen .........
J. T. Cook ...........
R. DiRusso ..........
D. W. Dudiey ........
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R. Geary ............
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L. L. Haas ...........
F. M. Hager ..........
A. C. Hayes .........
W. H. Heller .........
G. Henriot ...........
M. Hirt ..............
D. R. Houser ........
. lrey ...............
T. W. Jessup .........
T. Kameyama ........
M. Lawrenz ..........
J. Liesicki ...........
J. Maddock ..........
D. Mairet ...........
vi
The Gear Works-Seattle

Falk
Peerless-Winsmith
C&M of Indiana
GM/Allison Div.
Bodensieck Engineering
Metal Improvement Co.
General Electric
Emerson Power Trans.
Bison Gear
Boeing
Academic Member
Cincinnati Gear
Lufkin Industries
Cincinnati Gear
TIW Systems
Hamilton Gear
MAAGlArtec
Lufkin Industries
Gear Research Institute
Eaton
Brad-Foote
Universite Lava1
Contour Hardening Inc.
General Electric
Engranes y Maquinaria
Power-Tech
Kaman
Honorary Member
GM-Saginaw Div.
Terre11Gear Drives
ABS
SPECO Corporation
Cummins Engine
DACA
Peerless-Winsmith
Engrenages et Reducteurs
Renk Tacke GmbH
Academic Member
New Angle Gear
Lucas Western Inc./ATD
SeikiiKogyosho
Metal Improvement
Falk Corporation
Consultant
Falk Corporation
Gleason Works
T. J. Maiuri ..........
Cummins Engine
P. C. McAvoy ........
Marathon Letourneau
B. W. McCoy ........
Horsburgh & Scott
F. Myers ............
Nuttall Gear
D. Moser ............
Alten-Foundry
B. L. Mumford .......
MAAG
W. Nageli ...........
Chicago Gear-D-O-James
B. C. Newcomb ......
F. L. Smith
H. C. A. Nielsen ......
F. L. Smith
J. Nyerup ...........
Nippon Gear
. Okamoto ..........
Cleveland Gear
G. E. Olson ..........
Academic Member
J. A. Pennell .........
Reliance Electric
A. E. Phillips .........
Amarillo Gear
B. D. Pyeatt .........
Brad Foote
V. Z. Rychlinski ......
Det Norske Veritas
E. Sandberg .........
W. F. Schierrenbeck . . Xtek Incorporated
Academic Member
A. Seireg ............
E. E. Shipley .........
Mechanical Technology
Flender Corporation
D. A. Sylvester .......
Precision Gear
D. Set&for. ..........
Invincible Gear
L. J. Smith ...........
Honorary Member
. A. Thoma .........
IMO Delaval, Inc.
W. J. Toner ..........
Klingelnberg
H. J. Trapp ..........
Flender Corporation
F. C. Uherek .........
Tsubakimoto Chain
T. Urabe ............
General Motors/AGT
D. A. Wagner ........
Academic Member
H. Winter ............
AGMA919-493
A Summary of Numerical
Examples Demonstrating
the Procedures for Calculating Geometry Factors for
Spur and Helical Gears
only and are not intended to be recommendations

for gearset design.
12 Flow chart
The flow chart provides a step by step procedure for
calculating geometry factors, I and J, using the
equations and instructions from AGMA 908-B89.
The numerical value tables are formatted to coincide with the flow chart procedures.
1 Scope
This information sheet provides a set of numerical
examples which calculate the geometry factor for
pitting resistance, I, and bending strength, J, for a
variety of gearsets selected to demonstrate thevarious gear geometries analyzed in AGMA 908-l389,
Geometry Factors for Determining the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength of Spur, Helical and
Herringbone Gear Teeth. A flow chart is also included to formalize the calculation procedures for
the numerical examples and to assist in the practical
application of AGMA 908-889.
1 .l Numerical examples
Numerical examples were selected to demonstrate

the following conditions: accurate and inaccurate
spur gears, conventional and LACR (low axial contact ratio) helical gears, internal and external gears,
double helical and herringbone (Sykes) gears and
addendum modification. For simplification purposes and for demonstrating the effect on resulting
geometry factors, similar examples were selected
with different load locations (example 3.1 .lvs3.12)
and face widths (example 3.1.3 vs 3.1.4)
1.3 Exceptions
A procedure for the calculation of bending strength

geometry factor, J, for internal gears has not been
established by AGMA. For this reason, numerical
examples and flow chart procedures for such a calculation are not included.
2 Definitions
and symbols
2.1 Definitions
The terms used, wherever applicable, conform to
the following standards:
ANSI Y10.3-1968, Letter Symbols for Quantities
Used in Mechanics of Solids,
AGMA 904-B89, Metric Usage;
AGMA 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions
of Terms with, Symbols.
2.2
Symbols
The symbols used in the geometry factor formulas

are shown in table 1.
NOTE - The symbols, definitions and terminology
used in this informationsheet may differ from other
The results are presented in tabular form by providing the numerical results for each equation as presented in AGMA 908-689 and appropriate to that
gear geometry. Gear cutter data is presented for
each component in each numerical example. All
gearsets are functional and do not violate any of the
Units of measure are not shown in table 1 because
exceptions stated in the scope of AGMA 908-B89.
the equations are in terms of unity normal module or
The examples used are for demonstration purposes
unity normal diimetral pitch.
AGMA documents. The user should not assume that

familiar symbols can be used without a careful study of
these definitions.
AGMA 919-A93
Table 1 - Symbols used in equations

Symbols
Terms
C&,...C(j
Gzl, cm+
ch
cr
cv
Di
d
F
fi
F2
H
&lo
hF
Z
J
Kf
Kv
L
L min
M
mF
mG
N
mn
mP
II
n0
5 n2
*a
%
%
Plld
pb
PN
PX
R19R2
Rbl Rb2
Rbc
cnt
distances along line of action (See figure 3-I of AGMA 9084389)

distances along line of action of virtual spur gear
helical factor
operating center distance
helical overlap factor
inside diameter of internal gear
pinion operating pitch diameter
effective face width
gear type code
spur gear load sharing code
parameter for stress correction factor
nominal tool addendum
height of Lewis parabola
pitting resistance geometry factor
bending strength geometry factor
stress correction factor
helix angle factor
minimum length of contact lines
axial contact ratio
gear ratio
load sharing ratio
normal module
transverse contact ratio
virtual tooth number
virtual tooth number of tool
tooth number, pinion and gear
fractional part of mF
tool tooth number
fractional part of mp
normal diametral pitch
transverse base pitch
normal base pitch
axial pitch
standard pitch radii, pinion and gear
base radii, pinion and gear
base radius of tool
continued
2
AGMA 919-A93
Table 1 (continued)
Symbols
Rc
Rrnl
ROL Ro2
Roc
m rn2
I,
n
rm
II
5lo
rsno
ha 9 ?&a2
rid, hb2
?lbO
rnL
SF
S,
Snl, Sn2
%l
STlO
sns
Tl
To1
us
x
X17X2
xtz
X0
XgbXg2
Y
Y
Y'
z
O1n
ani
Pn
4
60
6 a0
qnF
Terms
standard pitch radius of tool
mean radius of pinion
addendum radii, pinion and gear, internal and external
outside radius of tool
reference pitch radii of virtual spur gear
generating pitch radius of virtual spur gear
reference pitch radius of virtual tool
generating pitch radius of virtual tool
radius to center 9 of tool tip radius
virtual outside radii
virtual base radii
virtual base radii of tool
virtual load radius
tooth thickness at criiical section
reference normal circular tooth thickness
reference normal circular tooth thickness, pinion and gear
tooth thickness at outside diameter
reference normal circular tooth thickness of tool
standard tooth thickness, thinned for backlash
temporary variable
temporary variable
stock allowance per side of tooth, for finishing
addendum modification coefficient at zero backlash
addendum modification coefficient, pinion and gear
generating rack shift coefficient
addendum modification coefficient of tool
generating rack shii coefficient, pinion and gear
tooth form factor
iteration function
derivative of iteration function
active length of line of action
angle of surface, normal
iteration angle
angle between tangent to fillet and tooth center line
amount gear tooth is thinned for backlash
amount of protuberance, tool
amount of effective protuberance, tool
ordinate of criiical point F
continued
AGMA 91 &A93
Table 1 (concluded)
Symbols
Terms
angular displacement of gear
angular displacement of tool
distance from pitch point to points F and S
angle to center S of tool tip radius
auxiliary angle locating point s
abscissa of criiical point F
radii of curvature of profiles at point of contact stress calculation
radii of curvature of profile at mean radius
tool tip radius
minimum radius of curvature of fillet curve
standard transverse pressure angle
standard normal pressure angle
generating pressure angle
iteration value for generating pressure angle
load angle
pressure angle at radius where tool tooth is pointed
en
em
KFKS
hns
z
Pla P2
bzl~ brl2
Pa0
PF
cp
bt
4::
4);
%L
- blpo
operating normal pressure angle
%r
4hs
pressure angle at point s on tool

pressure angle at load application point
operating transverse pressure angle
standard helix angle
base helix angle
operating helix angle
angle of inclination of helical contact line
hlW
+r
w
vb
yr
co
Subscripts
0 tool
1 pinion
2 gear
3 Numerical
normal or virtual spur gear

0 erating or running
El sence of a subscript indicates transverse
examples
Eleven numerical examples, based on actual gearsets, are presented to demonstrate the calculation
of both geometry factors, I and J, using the procedures outlined in AGMA 908-B89.
3.1 Examples
The following examples were selected to illustrate
the various types of gearing and geometry features
found in most of todays gearing.
3.1 .l Accurate spur gears

This example demonstrates a spur gearset which
meets the criteria of table 5-l in AGMA 908-B89 for
load sharing and is therefore considered loaded at
the highest point of single tooth contact.
3.12 Inaccurate spur gears
This example, which uses the same geometry as
3.1 .l, does not meet the criteria in table 5-l of
AGMA go&B89 for load sharing and is therefore
considered to be loaded at the tip of the teeth.
AGMA 91 &A93
3.1.3 Conventional helical gears

This example demonstrates a conventional helical
gearset where the mesh face width is greater than
the axial pitch. It also includes an addendum
modification coefficient in the pinion and protuberance in the rack cutter used to generate both
components.
3.1.4 Low axial contact ratio (LAM)
gears
helical
This example, which uses the same basic geometry

as 3.1.3, demonstrates an LACR helical gearset
where the face width has been reduced to less than
the axial pitch. The effect on both geometry factors
under these conditions can readily be seen.
3.1.5 Conventional helical gears, different tools
This example demonstrates a conventional helical
gearset with addendum modification. The pinion is
generated by a hob and the gear by a pinion type
shaper cutter. Both cutters have protuberance.
3.1.6 Spur sun and planet gear
This example combines with 3.1.7 to demonstrate
the geometry factor calculation for a spur sun/planet
gear combination. Here, the I factor for the
sun/planet mesh and the J factor for each component are calculated.
3.1.7 Spur planet and ring gear
This example combines with 3.1.6 and demonstrates the effect on the I factor when the same
planet meshes with the internal ring gear of the
same set. The calculated J factor for the planet in
the planet/ring mesh is diierent from that in the
sun/planet mesh (3.1.6). TheJfactorcalculationfor
the ring gear is beyond the scope of this information
sheet (see 1.3).
3.1.8 Helical sun and planet gear
planet gear combination. The Z factor for the

sun/planet mesh along with the J factor for each
component is calculated.
3.1.9 Helical planet and ring gear

This example combines with 3.1.8 and demonstrates the effect on the Z factor when the same
planet meshes with the internal ring gear of the
same set. The calculated J factor for the planet in
the planet/ring mesh is different from that in the
sun/planet mesh (3.1.8). TheJfactorcalculation for
the ring gear is beyond the scope of this information
sheet (see 1.3).
3.1 .I0 Conventional double helical gears

This example demonstrates the method for considering the double face width encountered in this type
of gearing.
3.1 .I1 Herringbone gears

This example demonstrateshow transverse diametral
pitch, usually associated with this type of gearing, is
accommodated.
3.2 Tabulation of examples

Tables 2B through 12B tabulate all the information
relating to each example as described in 3.1. The
format is based on the flow chart as presented in
clause 4 and includes all basic geometry (input
data) and results of the calculations for every
variable applicable to that gearset. These example
were calculated to 14 significant digits and the
results rounded as shown. For those variables
found by iteration, the final iterative value is listed.
See tables 2A through WA for the specific value of
each variable at each iteration loop. Figures 2
through 12 illustrate the various cutting tool profiles.
This example combines with 3.1.9 to demonstrate
Specificdata relatingto each gearset or component
the geometry factor calculation for a helical sun/
is listed in the individual example tables.
AGMA 91 &A93
Table 2A - Accurate spur gears , example 3.1.1
Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle
Variable
inv $;
cp"nz
fb"
n(i +l)
0.014910
0.358675
0.349386
0.014910
0.014910
0.349112
0.349111
0.349386
0.349112
6
-
Pinion: iteration for critical point

Variable
a
Pn
no
K
S
P
If
c.F
P
UT
Y
IYl
ant
1
0.785398
0.000187
-1.325365
-1.761865
0.099917
0.685481
1.179814
24.257896
1.142721
4.452621
0.689143
0.689143
0.630626
0.630626
0.000257
-1.589244
-2.025744
0.113499
0.517127
1.127191
24.334854
1.065763
3.441053
0.085121
0.085121
0.605889
0.605889
0.000270
-1.645464
-2.081964
0.116204
0.489685
1.119292
24.349198
1.051418
3.322607
0.001485
0.001485
0.605442
4
0.605442
0.000271
-1.646525
-2.083025
0.116255
0.489187
1.119150
24.349464
1.051153
3.320554
0.000000
0.000000
0.605442
Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable
v-
0.014894
0.358546
0.014894
0.349263
0.014894
0.348989
0.349263
0.348989
0.348988
inv $;
nl
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point

Variable
an
ho
CS
9
(32
Bn
GlF
%F
k
Y
Y
IYl
%i
1
0.785398
0.000232
-1.641409
-2.077909
0.053295
0.732103
1.224450
50.535758
1.239255
0.586171
0.000349
-2.097854
-2.534354
0.064581
0.521590
1.158420
50.627373
1.147640
0.541381
0.000386
-2.251830
-2.688330
0.068083
0.473298
5.034538
1.003017
3.586125
0.160620
1.003017
0.586171
4
0.539939
0.000387
-2.257242
-2.693742
0.068205
0.471734
1.144259
50.653515
0.539938
0.000387
-2.257248
-2.693748
0.068205
0.471733
1.144259
50.653516
1.121498
1.121497
3.374076
0.004867
3.367760
0.000005
3.367754
0.000000
0.160620
0.004667
0.541381
0.539939
0.000005
0.539938
0.000000
0.539938
1.144696
50.652661
1.122352
AGMA 916-A93
Table 2B - Accurate spur gears , example 3.1.1
mn
on
20.0000
w
c,
==
15.5000
FI
53
62
%
w
cr
Input data
Pinion
Gearset
0.2WOW
n,1
= lWO0
o.owo
Rol
2.5000
Xl
x01
51
Z subroutine
Pl
8.625431
Rol
Ro2
G
Rl
R2
9
Rbl
26.612500
P2
17.881130
52.887000
Pml
Pm2
9.045870
17.460691
25.5WOW
cy
1 .OOOOW
52.OWOW
0.107
Rb2
48.664016
25.612750
0.349066
sno
1.570796
R,:!
26.612500
in3
1.570796
T1
25.5WWO
0.015061
R1
52.OWWO
25.5WWO
48.864016
+ns
inv%zs =
Sno
=
=
inv%zpo
=
hnsf2
o.ol4wg
0.116255
0.489187
1 A56500
o.wwoo
Pa0
0.436500
O.W99W
J factor Pinion
=
n
51 .WWW
=
23.962162
=
=
cn4
rd
na
L,h
zN
Yr
=
=
=
=
r&2
~2
9 nr
;:
h?.F
%F
hF
Y
-0.WOW8
0.014910
1.119150
24.349464
1.051153
3.320554
104.000000
= 5001.02WW
GO
qns
=
=
npo =
hnsIi
inv+
n =
vii =
5i =
0.349626
0.015061
-Q.OOWO8
0.014894
0.348988
51.998536
17.881130
-0.112700
0.0215oo
ho
nC
= 10000.000000
KS
-2.257248
h a0
1.456500
KF
-2.693743
X0
o.owwo
0.436500
0.009900
Pa0
6 a0
J factor aear
= 4999.859214
GO
an
0.539938
0.000387
0.068205
;:
LF
0.471733
1.144259
qnF
50.653516
hF
Y
1.121497
3.367754
0.000000
104.000000
rn
52.OWWO
48.864016
anl
pF
0
0.539938
0.462105
o.ooww
nb
cn4
o.wowo
nl
pF
co
0.605442
n2
0.469891
=
=
ch
1.ooww
2.288518
ch
1 .ooowo
0.18WW
SF
H
L
M
2.238300
Cnl
=
=
SF
H
L
M
nb2
na2
c,6
0.15ww
0.45ww
1.932315
0.879759
0.083165
3f
1 .wowo
+&
0.336924
KY
Y
J
1.ooww
=
=
-0.142235
1.955632
5
sn
0.385043
0.46
l.OOOOW
cn6
O.OWOW
Cnl
0.349066
52.887000
KF
h,
-2.083025
x0
m@nW=
0.014979
R,l
0.349626
-1.646525
&
12.5WOW
invqns =
$0
25.5OWW
Px
mF
To1
26.612500
0.796404
= 5W1.02OWO
KS
rn
G3.64. G5
nr
=
0.490385
kzo
8.721514
1.796404
0.605442
= 10000.000000
nbo
mG
0.00027 1
= 4698.463104
ni
nC
= 5000.000000
= 5Wo.W0000
Asn
= 1 oooo.000000
nO
= 4698.463104
an
6.274342
51.775013
no
Asn
0.112700
0.0215
= 5000.082737
9.226474
no
nbo
G6 gear
r,0
O.o215W
sm
= 10000.000000
=
=
=
5.303220
0.46
25.400616
0.349111
Rbl
c4
x
8.625431
0.338152
25.500422
23.962162
11.577563
rnL
2.952131
0.0099
rnL
25.5OWOO
0.904103
+ni
6 a02
R2
Rbl
cfl
x
RI
0.4365
26.612500
=
=
1.631335
$d
nO
-0.1127
1.4565
ha02
Pa02
As,.,2 =
ilV@;
9.226474
104
o.owo
x02
=
Cutter figure 2
51 .OOWW
Rol
26.506561
6
Cl
%
c4
%
c,
z
G6 pinion
n1
=
0.349066
o.owow
vb
Cutter figure 2
12.500000
2.952131
x2
0.0215
b
pN
= low0
= 10.5774
Asnl
77.5WOW
nc2
Ro2
O.WW
51 .WWW
23.962162
0.4365
0.1127
=
=
2.039216
0.0099
d
Rml
o.owow
n2
5.3225
sn
0.349066
1.4565
kzol =
Pa01 =
%zol =
=
g&g
0.000000
0.18OWO
0.150ooo
0.45owo
na
=
fN)nW=
0.365937
1.467257
AGMA 919-A93
Table 3A - inaccurate spur gears , example 3.1.2
Variable
inv 41;
0".
nr
v
n(i +l)
0.014910
0.358675
0.349386
0.014910
0.349386
0.349112
0.014910
0.349112
0.349111

Variable
a
0.785398
0.493311
0.000348
0.415646
0.000424
0.413704
0.000427
-1.325365
-1.978607
-2.320097
-2.330343
0.413704
0.000427
-2.330347
3
s"
CF
-1.761865
0.099917
0.685481
1.179814
-2.415107
0.131500
0.361811
1.084906
-2.756597
0.146393
0.269253
1.062498
-2.766843
0.146832
0.266872
1.061951
-2.766847
0.146833
0.266871
1.061951
liti
Y";
Y
IYl
an1
24.257896
2.180642
8.171188
2.386698
2.386698
0.493311
24.425387
2.013150
5.651664
0.438935
0.438935
0.415646
24.494373
1.944165
5.408071
0.010502
0.010502
0.413704
24.496365
1.942173
5.404076
O.OOQOQ4
0.000004
0.413704
24.496365
1.942172
5.404074
0.000000
0.000000
0.413704
0.364451
0.000608
-3.254052
-3.690552
0.089435
0.275016
1.092424
50.788502
1.935784
5.208114
0.000000
cl
0.000187
K
S

Variable
inv @;
c#Y.
?u
v
n(i +l)
0.014894
0.358546
0.349263
0.014894
0.349263
0.348989
0.014894
0.348989
0 348988

Variable
an
bw
%
KF
en
&
LF
SF
hF
Y'
Y
IYl
an1
1
0.785398
0.000232
-1.641409
-2.077909
0.053295
0.732103
1.224450
50.535758
2.188528
8.619650
2.709265
2.709265
0.471065
2
0.471085
0.000456
-2.556479
-2.992979
0.074778
0.396307
1.123731
50.697888
2.026398
5.572368
0.572150
0.572150
0.368409
3
0.368409
0.000601
-3.220720
-3.657220
0.088748
0.279661
1.093594
50.784392
1.939895
5.216194
0.020632
0.020632
0.364454
4
0.364454
0.000608
-3.254026
-3.690526
0.089434
0.275020
1.092425
50.788499
1.935788
5.208120
0.000016
0.000016
0.364451
0.000000
0.364451
AGMA 916-A93
Table 3B - Inaccurate spur gears , example 3.1.2
Gearset
m,
=
Input data
Pinion
0,
20.0000
n,l
= 10000
Pa01
=
=
w
c,
=
=
0.0000
15.5000
2.5000
Rol
Xl
=
=
6 a01
Asnl
=
=
x01
Fl
F2
=
=
62
%l
w
cr
0.200000
1
2
n1
51
ha01
Cutter
figure
5.3225
0.1127
hLlo2
1.4565
=lOooO
Pa02
0.4365
RAA
10.5774
6 LIv.2
nn3
0.0099
$7
-0.1127
AS,2
0.0215
rnL
52.724286
0.4365
n2
nc2
(I.0099
O.Ml5
104
x02
=
0.0000
Cutter figure 2
0.0000
Z subroutine
sn
1.631335
0.438626
0.436269
0.30
0.349066
51.oooooo
qjjL
0.000000
Rml
25.612750
rnL
no
=
26.438538
= 10000.000000
no
= 5000.000000
n1
nbo
rsno
$ ns
inv4$zs
sno
= 4698.463104
mG
0.490385
T,l
26.612500
Rol
52.887000
4,~
26.612500
T1
R1
255OOOOO
hns I2
52.OOOOOO
-o.oooou8 R2
25.500000
in@;,
+Li
0.348988
48.864016
ri
51.998536
77.5ooooo
Pl
8.625431
12.500000
17.881130
Rol
26.612500
P2
Pml
%2
P&l
=
=
9.045870
52.887000
17.460691
mG
2.039216
cy
1.000000
Rl
25.500000
R2
+
Rbl
52.OOOOOO
Rb2
0.349066
0.107
G6 pinion
= 5001.020000
0.349626
0.014979
vOnpo ,=
23.962162
nl
51.000000
hnsli
48.864016
ROI
26.612500
iI-@;
=
=
0.349066
Rl
Rbl
=
=
25.5OOOOO
Vni
=
=
9.226474
0.000000
c4
x
26.506561
Asn
6.274342
c3
1.4565
23.962162
1.570796
o.015061
G6
104.000000
an
f-G20
0.364451
0.000608
KS
-3.254052
KF
en
-3.690552
0.089435
Pn
LZF
0.275016
1.092424
^ln.F
50.788502
hF
Y
1.935784
5.208114
o.oooooo
nl
0.364451
nC
=1oooo.oooooo
h a0
1.456500
nC
= 10000.000000
KS
-2.330347
X0
0.000000
8.721514
h,
1.456500
-2.766847
0.436500
9.226474
x0
0.000000
0.146833
0.009900
C5
c2
2
11.577563
Pm
Pa0
6a0
c,
KF
en
0.436500
pn
0.266871
8.625431
aa0
0.009900
=
=
=
na
L,h
mN
Yr
=
=
=
=
$ nr
12.5OOOOO
25.500422
1.061951
24.496365
1.942172
n
rn
51.000000
hF
Y
5.404074
25.5OOOOO
0.000000
'&
23.962162
C n4
rn2
=
=
anl
pF
w
0.413704
t-h2
ch
1.000000
'~2
SF
H
L
M
2.123901
l.OOOOOO
cnfj
0.000000
C,l
0.349066
rm
0.483160
@4)nW=
xg
26.612500
osI83165
Kf
KY
0.014894
0.0215oo
0.000427
nr
Px
mF
0.015061
-0.000008
= 4999.859214
0.413704
0.796404
1.570796
sno
inV$npo =
Go
63.64. G5
0.014979
17.881130
1.796404
-0.112700
an
ko
0.349626
o.o215oo
J factor Pinion
Asn
5.303220
= 5001.020000
c4
n
%lF
%.F
= 4698.463104
Rbl
= 5000.082737
vb
C6
Cl
nbo
rsno
+ ns
hv+ns
0.349111
0.112700
= 5ooo.ooamo
2.952131
no
0.014910
Go
2952131
6
pN
=1oooo.oooooo
nO
0.469891
0.000000
0.180000
0.150000
0.450000
1.485424
1.000000
J factor aear
n
rn
104.000000
52.OOOOOO
nb
C n4
rn2
48.864016
0.462105
PF
w
0.000000
nb2
na2
c,fj
=
=
=
ch
1.000000
2.184848
0.18OOOO
C,l
ma
=
=
SF
H
L
M
0.150000
0.45oooo
Kf
KY
1.513080
1.oooooo
0.451108
0.30
$d
52.887000
0.414051
mn4nW=
xg
sn
=
=
=
y-:5;
.
0.385039
AGMA 919-A93
Table 4A - Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3
Variable
inv @;
$"-
Ill
$
n(i +l)
0.014937
0.358888
0.014937
0.349589
0.349314
0.014937
0.349314
0.349313
0.349589

Variable
a
co
K
s
0.785398
0.000102
-0.801380
0.530778
0.000174
-1.119323
0.484332
0.000194
-1.216848
0.483773
0.000194
-1.218144
P
s"
c.F
-1.210580
0.186208
0.599190
1.157476
-1.528523
0.220419
0.310360
1.092056
-1.626048
0.229993
0.254339
1.082560
-1.627344
0.230119
IIs
F
Y'
Y
IYl
10.767751
2.256396
7.558439
1.924528
1.924528
10.903191
2.120957
5.779360
0.268428
0.268428
10.935968
2.088180
5.652986
0.003165
0.003165
10.936387
2.087760
5.651830
0.000000
0.000000
an1
0.530778
0.484332
0.483773
0.483773
<
0.253654
1.082451

Variable
inv i$;
$2
%(i + 1)
0.014902
0.358611
0.349324
0.014902
0.349324
0.349050
0.014902
0.349050
0.349050

Variable
an
0.785398
0.000198
-1.554759
-1.963959
0.470846
0.000389
-2.422778
-2.831978
0.370221
0.000510
-3.036768
-3.445968
0.366647
0.000516
-3.064963
-3.474163
0.366645
0.000516
-3.064981
-3.474181
0.056632
0.728766
1.235535
46.328373
2.223231
0.078839
0.392006
1.140587
46.482618
2.068985
0.092918
0.277303
1.112683
46.563564
1.988040
0.093552
0.273096
1.111685
46.567096
1.984507
0.093552
0.273093
1.111685
46.567098
1.984505
Y'
Y
8.691103
2.733809
5.665191
0.570059
5.332131
0.019054
5.325511
0.000012
5.325507
0.000000
IYl
ani
2.733809
0.470846
0.570059
0.370221
0.019054
0.366647
0.000012
0.366645
0.000000
0.366845
bl0
%
KF
&
fin
&IF
%lF
!F
10
AGMA 919-A93
Table 4B - Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3
Gearset
ln
=
0.166667
0,
20.0000
15.0000
c,
9.3175
3.7500
Fl
F2
=Notrequireci
G2
%2
Y
cr
input data
Pinion
q
21
kzol
1.4760
n2
86
ha02
1.4760
n,1
=lOOOO
Pa02
0.4092
6 a02
*
Sn2
0.0061
- _^~^
rnL
Rol
-2.0667
~~~
Xl
0.5343
x01
0.0000
0.572388
.f
0.58
Rml
55.904888
Pl
5.131121
rnL
no
=
13.024147
= 11096.056659
22.499955
P2
15.821834
no
= 5548.028330
R2
0.360356
10.172208
Pml
Pn.Q=
cy
1.000000
0.242
G6 oinion
nl
21.000000
hns6
iv%zPo =
=
hnsi2
0.015046
R1
44.516876
0.014902
R2
10.870400
in@ >
$I;zi
-0.000006
0.349050
r;
47.712763
GO
= 5547.995640
an
kzo
-3.064981
-3.474181
2.952131
5.649417
GO
= 5548.528439
0.245674
0.534300
AS,,
0.024000
an
ko
0.483773
o.ooom
KS
-1.218144
KF
%z
-1.827344
5.649417
x0
0.000000
7.091582
pa0
6 a0
=
=
0.4092W
4.048065
1.476000
1.473848
63.64.65
0.473848
12.138182
1.853651
0.853651
33.224468
0.677210
0.264134
0.372068
J factor
n
rn
rnb
C n4
41.657612
0.349313
c4
16.904890
11.651910
0.000000
ASn
0.024000
nc
=10000.000000
KS
ha0
1.476000
KF
X0
0.000000
Pa0
0.409200
6ao
0.006100
0.230119
pn
0.253654
%F
9n.F
1.082451
1.111685
qn.F
46.567098
hF
Y
1.984505
5.325507
0.000000
nl
pF
0
0.366645
0.434174
5.236189
ch
1.286597
sF
H
L
M
2.223369
0.000000
10.948227
anl
PF
w
0.483773
0.435535
ch
rnb2
rna2
=
=
c,,fj
C,l
ma
=
=
=
13.180635
tantp,W
0.670365
X8
0.501330
nb
cn4
rn2
=
=
=
=
=
1.286597
nb2
na2
c,(j
SF
H
L
M
2.164902
C,l
48.715077
5.236189
0.000516
0.273093
5.651830
0.366645
0.093552
11.650859
=
=
1.570796
44.835595
rn2
0.014974
hF
Y
23.301719
10.936387
0.349594
;I
LF
2.087760
Dinion
=
=
=
Rbl
0.014937
J factor aear
=
n
95.426087
rn
=
47.713044
0.006100
4.485682
T1
-0.000006
mt-i
c4
0 nr
Sn0
Vni
4.112262
0.015046
10.870400
10.172208
Yj-
=
=
h,
=
=
=
=
inv+npo
1.570796
Rbl
c4
nC
=
=
=
2.605900
12.400175
12.400175
Cl
%
T,l
R,l
= 5549.095130
45.518909
illV@;l
=10000.000000
0.244186
= 5213.441281
12.400175
20.952955
mG
nbo
GO
10.870400
i
)N
86.000000
= 5548.028330
o.swi94
o.ol4974 R,2
0.384177
= 11096.056659
=
=
GO
3.043517
nl
nO
'no
qns
inv4ns
= 5213.441281
= 5549.095130
ROI
@r
G6
48.551604
9 ns
inv~,,
sno
nbo
Rl
41.657612
0.024u
0.0000
x02
=
Cutler figure 3
9d
10.870400
F
na
L,h
mN
11.393077
44.516876
=
=
x2
7.5865
- ---o.uuuo
nr
Px
0.580609
4.095238
0.0061
n n34n
.,s-T
Ro2
*w
=
-
Ro2
C5
c,
Z
6-UI
,A
12.400175
vb
c6
=lOOOO
1.935735
45.518909
Rb2
nc2
Rol
Rbl
0.4092
sn
0.261799
4,
21.943975
0.349066
Pa01
Cutter figure 3
I subroutine
@g
0.180000
na
0.150000
mOnW=
0.450000
xg
-y.ozo;;
Kf
1.472865
s,
KY
0.932426
@A
0.424901
0.393787
0.180000
0.15OoOO
0.450000
1.524664
KY
Y
J
0.932426
0.558144
0.54
11
Table 5A - Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4
Variable
inv @;
$"*
nl
9
n(i +l)
0.014937
0.358888
0.014937
0.349589
0.349314
0.014937
0.349314
0.349313
0.349589

Variable
a
Pn
no
K
0.785398
0.000102
-0.801380
0.664320
0.000130
-0.919094
0.651858
0.000134
-0.934027
0.651758
0.000134
-0.934149
3
P"
-1.210580
0.186208
0.599190
-1.328294
0.199679
0.464641
-1.343227
0.201299
0.460559
-1.343349
0.201312
0.450446
CF
TlF
1.157476
10.767751
1.123738
10.825179
1.120528
10.831698
1.120502
10.831751
hF
Y'
Y
1.222488
4.231279
0.512316
1.165060
3.548075
0.044217
1.158541
3.492580
0.000348
1.158488
3.492145
0.000000
IYl
an1
0.512316
0.664320
0.044217
0.651858
0.000348
0.651758
0.000000
0.651758

Variable
inv Q;
t$"-
m
0
n(i +l)
0.014902
0.358611
0.014902
0.349324
0.014902
0.349050
0.349324
0.349050
0.349050

Variable
an
lllzo
Ks
KF
en
Pn
LF
%.F
hF
Y'
Y
12
1
0.785398
0.000198
-1.554759
-1.963959
0.056632
0.728766
1.235535
46.328373
1.516735
6.035126
1.472435
2
0.541421
0.000329
-2.132880
-2.542080
0.071897
0.469524
1.160451
46.439304
1.405803
4.127370
0.266065
3
0.476957
0.000383
-2.394107
-2.803307
0.078164
0.398793
1.142289
46.478542
1.366566
3.848488
0.009375
4
0.474521
0.000386
-2.405443
-2.814643
0.078431
0.396090
1.141610
46.480158
1.364950
3.839332
0.000011
0.474518
0.000386
-2.405456
-2.814656
0.078432
0.396087
1.141609
46.480160
1.364948
3.839321
0.000000
IYl
1.472435
0.266065
0.009375
0.000011
0.000000
ani
0.541421
0.476957
0.474521
0.474518
0.474518
AGMA 916-A93
Table 5B - Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4
Input data
Pinion
Gearset
mn
=
&Kd
1.4760
n2
kw2
1.4760
9,
20.0000
n,l
= 10000
pa01
0.4092
nc2
= 10000
Pa02
0.4092
w
c,
15.oooo
9.3175
Rol
2.0667
6 a01
0.0061
7.5865
=-
0-.---,
nmi
1.8750
Xl
0.5343
Asnl
O.o240
0.0000
FL-0
-uu.L
ROIL
x2
As,,2
0.0240
x01
0.0000
x02
0.0000
0.861107
n.L
47.845108
0.60
no
no
= 11096.056659
nbo
rs
= 5213.441281
4CS
inv@ns
sno
0.349594
0.014974
1.570796
0.015046
0.166667
21
Cutter figure 3
-
= Nnt
-
..-.,-
l..-
0.349066
@n
w
cr
F
0.261799
55.904888
11.249978
12.400175
Rol
Ro2
Z subroutine
d
=
Rml
Pl
P2
Pml
1.935735
21.943975
4$&
0.419985
11.393077
r-d
11.990239
no
=11096.056659
no
nbo
= 5548.028330
4.048065
16.904690
5.131121
Pm2
GO
= 5549.095130
cy
1.320561
0 ns
0.349594
10.8704oo
0.241
iin+,,
0.014974
sno
1.570796
hv+npo =
0.015046
10.172208
%
b
pN
vb
15.821834
G6 pinion
nl
=
0.534300
Asn
0.024000
2.605900
nc
=1oooo.oooooo
4.112262
h,
1.476000
0.000000
0.409200
O.OO61OO
c6
Cl
%
G
20.952955
5.649417
x0
C5
%
z
7.091582
Pa0
4.048065
aa0
4.485682
1.473848
63. G4. G5
=
=
=
na
L,h
mN
Yr
=
=
=
=
(4 nr
0.473848
12.138182
0.926826
J factor
n
rn
rnb
cn4
i-d
jIb2
rna2
: .oooooo cn6
0.264134
cnl
rm
0.372068
pinion
= 23.301719
= 11.650859
= 10.948227
=
=
5.670768
47.713044
=
=
44.835595
=
=
=
21.769309
@@nW=
X8
=
48.715077
2.716636
0.517962
0.501330
hF
Y
Y
12.400175
10.870400
44.516876
GO
= 5547.995640
0.474518
0.024000
an
hlo
A Sn
omo386
0.651758
nc
=1oooo.oooooo
-2.405456
ha0
KS
0.000134
1.476000
KF
-2.814656
x0
0.000000
Pa0
0.409200
ijao
0.006100
O1n
Clno
KS
KF
en
bz
LF
%F
0.245674
12.400175
45.518909
0.000000
60
2.952131
=
=
= 5549.095130
16.904890
= 5S8.528439
=
=
0.244186
5.649417
Rbl
c4
mG
To1
Rol
Ro2
Vni
ri
10.870400
10.1722o6
86.OOOOOO
C4
0.014937
5548.028330
10.8704oO
-O.OOOOO6
=
=
=
R1
n1
41.657612
illV$l;;
0.384177
G6
hnsf2
41.657612
=
=
12.400175
Y
J
hv@npo =
hns /2 =
invJ$h =
=
+;li
ri
=
21.oooooo
ROI
3.043517
= 5213.441281
4.095238
0.360356
Rb2
mF
44.516876
cp
Rbl
nr
Px
=
=
=
sn
=
=
45.518909
mG
Rl
R2
Cutter figure 3
rpntk-od
62
86
0.349313
11.651910
-0.934149
-1.343349
0.201312
T1
Rl
R2
Rbl
0.450446
1.158463
J factor aear
= 95.426087
n
rn
= 47.713044
3.492145
1.120502
10.831751
nl
0.651758
pF
Co
0.435535
ch
SF
H
L
M
1.000000
nb
Cn4
n2
nb2
na2
cn6
2.241005
cnl
0.000000
5.236189
0.180000
0.15oooo
=
=
44.835595
11.650859
10.948227
17.382131
13.180635
21.769309
14.430000
na
=
QNnW=
0.387686
0.45oooo
Kf
1.900525
1.000000
4$&
0.356572
-0.000006
0.014902
0.349050
47.712763
0.078432
;:
hlF
0.396087
1.141609
q?lF
hF
Y
Y
anl
pF
co
46.480160
1.364948
3.839321
0.000000
0.474518
0.434174
5.236189
ch
sF
H
L
M
1.000000
2.283219
0.18OOOO
0.15oooo
0.45oooo
Kf
KY
1.796876
1.000000
0.706122
0.52
Y
J
13
Table 6A - Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5

Variable
3
0.014923
0.349204
0.349204
inv I$;
0.014923
cp"-
0.358773
0.014923
0.349479
0.349479
0.349204
nz
n(i +l)

Variable
a
c
K
0.785398
0.000161
-1.428714
0.489843
0.000301
-2.146816
0.423246
0.000356
-2 A58926
0.422544
0.000357
-2.462757
3
k
CF
-1.548714
0.108435
0.676963
1.174504
-2.266816
0.148603
0.341240
1.122203
-20.164394
578926
0.258852
1.108587
-2.582757
0.164585
0.257959
1.108439
IIg
Y<
Y
IYl
ani
20.907868
2.243744
8.228124
2.431867
2.431867
0.489843
21.006137
2.145476
6.031137
0.401655
0.401655
0.423246
21.050445
2.101167
5.929895
0.004159
0.004159
0.422544
21.051005
2.100608
5.929600
0.000000
0.000000
0.422544

Variable
inv $;
Vnr
Q"
n(i +l)
0.016894
0.373767
0.363741
0.016894
0.363741
0.363431
0.016894
0.363431
0.363430

Variable
an
bw
0.785398
0.039613
-1.549491
-1.729491
0.478334
0.072843
-2.268065
-2.448065
0.388037
0.089196
-2.662398
-2.842398
0.384560
0.089925
-2.680317
-2.860317
0.384576
0.089926
-2.680339
-2.860339
ifl
%.F
F
V'
;I
0.068177
0.717222
1.237266
36.071536
2.178133
8.343913
2.562113
0.091832
0.386503
1.152564
36.215014
2.034656
5.576394
0.503535
0.103473
0.284564
1.124054
36.297514
1.952155
5.196610
0.017965
0.103992
0280588
1.122925
36.301402r
1.948268
5.183951
0.000022
0.103992
0.280583
1.122924
36.301406
1.946263
5.183935
0.000000
o.oooooo
41
0.478334
0.388037
0.384580
0.384576
0.384576
KF
en
fin
14
AGMA 919-A93
Table 6B - Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5
Gearset
mn
=
Input data
Pinion
0.083333
nl
35
n,l
=lOOOO
hzol
1.4460
n2
59
ha*:!
1.4111
pa01
0.1200
nc2
42
Pa02
0.1800
Ro2
x2
3 7i?aFI
b.
.a..
a%-A
0.3523
on
20.0000
yc,
22.1090
4.2837
R,l
1.6843
6 a01
0.0187
0.8750
Xl
0.3498
Asnl
0.0240
x01
0.0000
Fl
F2
=Notrequired
G2
0.349066
+n
Y
cr
F
0.385875
Rol
Ro2
19.225277
Pl
7.779710
f32
12.541885
Pm2
cy
=
=
=
Rml
51.404606
10.500042
20.211681
P ml
33.165733
1.685714
G
Rl
R2
18.888911
38.280025
1.000000
0.166
31.841306
0.374334
+
Rbl
G6 oinion
n
%?L
nL
1.801430
0.466382
23.151612
nO
=12574.959321
no
= 6287.479660
nbo =
rsno
=
6 ns
=
invqbns =
sno
=
Y
J
'a
38.249670
no
no
=
=
52.814829
26.407415
nbo
rio
=
=
27.666315
G6 gear
=
5908.298240
mG
0.593220
(Pns
0.458011
6288.805660
To1
20.211681
inv~ns
0.034963
1.591033
o.s.ms5
59.000000
R,l
33.165733
sno
20.211681
hv+
R,2
1.570796
T1
18.888911
hns 12 =
0.003324
hv4npo =
0.015029
R1
31.841306
0.000031
R2
Rbl
18.888911
inVqJ~ =
=
$;zi
0.016894
29.636343
G
x
13.506516
0.352300
0.014981
Rb2
%b
pN
wb
29.636343
20.211681
inV($
0.014923
0.406423
=
=
18.888911
cPni
0.349204
3.156112
Rl
Rbl
17.560861
r;
22.007284
2.952131
c4
8.589692
GO
= 6287.795326
Asn
0.024000
0.361494
0.349800
0.422544
nC
6
Cl
20.321595
As,
0.024000
an
kzo
=
=
0.000357
h a0
5.433579
*C
=10000.000000
KS
-2.462757
7.566551
h a0
-2.582757
1.437722
P
G3. G4.65
Cn4
rn2
rnb2
=
=
=
15.131716
rna2
0.693910
cn6
=
=
=
0.437722
na
L,h
mN
Yr
=
=
=
=
0.257928
KF
x0
=
0.000000
en
Pa0
=
0.120000
Bn
0.018700
s a0
%lF
=
%F
J factor oinion
hF
n
= 44.012358 Y
rn
= 22.006179
Y
=
=
=
=
+ nr
1.446000
rnb
nr
Px
mF
8.347090
1.257928
0.390502
0.378768
Ins I2
C,l
rw
mOnW=
xg
=
20.679044
23.328949
0.522216
0.316830
0.164565
0.257959
1.108439
21.051005
2.100608
0.045029
0.363430
r;
37.294960
ri0
26.548955
an
CLno
0.384576
42.OCiWOO
KS
-2.680339
1.411100
-2.860339
x0
0.027800
Pa0
6a0
0.180000
0.012700
KF
en
&2
blF
J factor Qear
0.089926
0.103992
0.280583
1.122924
36.301406
1.948263
=
=
74.192260
5.183935
37.096130
0.000000
nb
Cn4
rn2
34.858960
nl
0.384576
0.255092
PF
0
=
=
7.910160
nb2
rna2
Cn6
Cnl
=
=
=
=
ch
SF
H
L
M
1.369671
2.245847
9
KY
Y
J
1.657346
0.856723
0.585609
0.51
n
rn
5.929600
0.000000
nl
0.422544
PF
0
0.164496
7.910180
ch
SF
H
L
M
1.369671
2.216878
0.180000
0.150000
0.450000
1.693445
xg
sn
=
=
0.656723
$&
Kf
%f
no0 =
1
4.537612
24.814853
nl
ROI
6.815079
0.0240
0.46
35.000000
9.971191
-.- .-,
0.541648
9
c2
z
n f-l197
nl
8.589692
-z
17.580881
C3
c4
--UUL
Asn2
0.0278
no2
=
Cutter figure 5
Cutter figure 4
I subroutine
d
=
j&&r
na
=
m+nW=
38.420556
0.463446
0.319330
1.803250
0.424237
15
0.180000
0.150000
0.45OOcn
Table 7A - Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6

Variable
inv $;
0".
rzz
Q"
n(i +l)
0.014928
0.358812
0.014928
0.349517
0.014928
0.349242
0.349517
0.349242
0.349241

Variable
a
c
K
0.785398
0.000151
-1.064773
0.602014
0.000219
-1.329401
0.573238
0.000233
-1.388073
0.572797
0.000233
-1.389022
3
ff
CF
P
-1.489773
0.168216
0.617182
1.129153
12.941082
1.473364
-1.754401
0.192695
0.409320
1.071762
13.043537
1.370909
-1.813073
0.197730
0.375509
1.063646
13.063152
1.351294
-1.814022
0.197810
0.374987
1.063524
13.063463
1.350983
YC
Y
IYl
5.246010
0.962033
0.962033
4.090220
0.117700
0.117700
3.970709
0.001753
0.001753
3.968983
0.000000
0.000000
Qhl
0.602014
0.573238
0.572797
0.572797

Variable
inv $;
4".
?ZZ
4"
n(i +l)
0.014928
0.358812
0.349517
0.014928
0.349517
0.349242
0.014928
0.349242
0.349241

Variable
an
0.785398
0.000151
-1.064773
-1.489773
0.602014
0.000219
-1.329401
-1.754401
0.573238
0.000233
-1.388073
-1.813073
0.572797
0.000233
-1.389022
-1.814022
0.168216
0.617182
1.129153
12.941082
1.473364
0.192695
0.409320
1.071762
13.043537
1.370909
0.197730
0.375509
1.063646
13.063152
1.351294
0.197810
0.374987
1.063524
13.063463
1.350983
Y'
Y
5.246010
0.962033
4.090220
0.117700
3.970709
0.001753
3.968983
0.000000
IYl
ani
0.962033
0.602014
0.117700
0.573238
0.001753
0.572797
0.000000
0.572797
bzo
%
KF
en
Bn
GZF
%F
4F
16
AGMA 916-A93
Table 7B - Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6
Gearset
m,
=
Input data
Pinion
0.200000
1.4975
722
26
hao2
1.4975
Pml
0.4250
nc2
=lOooO
Pa02
0.4250
3.0750
6 a01
0.0245
3.0750
8 a02
Asnl
0.0650
0.4098
As,;!
=
=
0.0245
0.4096
Ro2
x2
O.WW
26
0,
20.0000
n,l
=iwoo
v
c,
=
=
o.owo
5.7500
Rol
F
Fl
F2
=
=
=
Xl
2.5000
J-01
I
I
sn
1.804106
0.634206
rnL
d
Rlnl
=
=
26.750000
9d
0.421015
0.37
nO
= 10000.000000
14.375000
rnL
14.414446
Pl
5.005146
12.500000
P2
6.582480
no
nbo
rsno
= 5000.000000
26.750000
$ ns
0.349655
0.349066
+n
v
cr
F
o.owow
Rol
Ro2
15.375000
Pml
15.375000
Pm2
1.000000
mG
Rl
R2
14.000000
0.349066
sno
G6 Dinion
15.375000
0.349655
ROl
15.375000
o.olaa3
R,2
15.375000
'"v&p,
0.015061
1.570796
T1
R1
14.000000
-0.000006
14.000000
hnsii
inv+n
0.014926
-O.OOOOO6 R2
14.000000
0.349241
Rbl
13.155697
Tzi
r,
=
=
14.000695
0.349241
C4
6.562480
14.oooa95
0.409600
0.065000
=
=
=
O.OISWI
13.155697
Vni
m
2.952131
=
=
m"0
= 5ooO.319SS
0.000000
0.409600
Ass,
0.065OW
=
=1oooo.oooooo
%Z
14.000000
6.582480
5.793613
h,
1.497500
6.562460
x0
O.WWW
7.957276
Pm
0.425000
5.005146
sao
0.024500
0.465697
To1
Rbl
c4
G5
= 5001.072500
=
inv(bns =
sno
=
1.465697
=
=
=
=
'y%
=
=
nl
4.326929
@ns
irwjns
= 4696.463104
1.000000
iIN+;
3.630348
0 nr
0.091
26.000000
=
=
11.587626
C5
ci
z
y-
1.000000
Rol
R1
13.155697
vb
c6
Cl
c,
c4
zti
mN
GO
ni
15.375000
b
pN
cly
nbo
= 5000.000000
invOnpo =
Arts12 =
2.952131
Px
5.793813
rno
J factor pinion
=
n
26.000000
12.500000
1.000000
o.owow
0.414645
1.497500
-1.389022
x0
o.owwo
-1.614022
Pa0
0.425000
tjao
0.024500
0.197610
Pn
0.374967
ClF
9n.F
1.063524
13.063463
1.350963
J factor ciear
n
rn
0.000233
-1.389022
KS
KF
%z
-1.614022
&z
LF
0.374967
qnF
13.063463
1.350983
0.197610
1.063524
0.000000
=
=
=
nl
0.572797
PF
co
0.463530
=
=
ch
1.ooww
SF
H
L
M
2.127047
Kf
%
1.721566
0.320507
1.604106
0.634206
0.421015
0.37
ch
SF
H
2.127047
C,l
=
=
0.160000
ma
0.15ooo0
m+nW =
0.450000
Kf
Q
1.721566
xg
sn
=
=
1.000000
Q&
0.320507
0.572797
an
klo
13.155697
1.000000
GO
3.966963
0.500352
= 5000.319535
14.000000
nb2
na2
c,fj
1.570796
hF
Y
0.463530
o.wowo
0.0149a3
26.OOOOOO
anl
pF
co
= 5001.072500
=
=
rn2
=
=
mOnW=
xg
=
0.572797
c,4
rn2
ha0
13.155697
ma
0.000233
nb
=
=
= 10000.000000
Cn4
'&
c&i
C,l
n,
o.wowo
14.000000
KF
072
A Sn
0.572797
3.966963
'&
KS
0.014926
hF
Y
rn
rnb2=
an
Vno
= 4698.463104
G6
26.000000
0.414645
n,
5.793613
nO
14.414446
= 10000.000000
13.155697
63.64.
=
=
14.000000
$
Rbl
Rb2
0.0650
o.owo
x02
=
Cutter figure 6
Cutter figure 6
I subroutine
G.2
Gear
hzol
osoo352
o.ooww
0.1aww
0.15ww
0.45ww
l.WOOoO
17
Table 8A - Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7

Pinion: iteration for generating pmure
Variable
v-
0.014928
0.358812
0.014928
0.349517
0.349517
0.349242
0.014928
0.349242
0.349241
inv $;
nr
n(i +l)
angle

Variable
an
1
0.785398
0.000151
-1.064773
0.661551
0.000193
-1.225493
0.647725
0.000199
-1.247761
0.647595
0.000199
-1.247975
Y'
Y
lYl
-10.168216
A.89773
0.617182
1.129153
12.941082
1.163157
4.212840
0.521748
0.521748
-1.650493
0.183502
0.478049
1.089338
13.006523
1.097715
3.485322
0.048189
0.048189
-1.672761
0.185507
0.462218
1.085164
13.014738
1.089501
3.421318
0.000446
0.000446
-1.672975
0.185526
0.462068
1.085125
13.014816
1.089422
3.420729
0.000000
0.000000
ani
0.661551
0.647725
0.647595
0.647595
%o
K
S
3
s"
CF
TlF
hF

Variable
inv $;
9.111
9
n(i +l)
Variable
an
ho
5
KF
&
Bn
LF
%F
b
Y
Y
IYl
clnl
18
AG MA 91 &A93
Table 8B - Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7
Input data
Pinioq
Gearset
0.2WOW
Gear
28
n,l
=lOOW
Pn
t#bn
20.0000
w
c,
=
=
o.oooo
5.7500
Rol
3.0750
2.5000
Xl
0.4096
X01
O.WW
Fl
F2
Gz
0.349066
+n
w
cr
F
o.owow
Rol
Ro2
G
Rl
R2
Z subroutine
d
=
Rml
=
15.461135
5.793613
42.125000
P&
16.249802
3.035714
CyJ
l.WWW
0.244
nr
Px
mF
=
=
=
na
L,b
mN
vr
9 nr
=
=
=
=
=
0.000000 Cnl
0.372222
'na
xg
invQns =
an
%zo
0.409800
an
0.647595
nC
KS
o.wo199
h a0
-1.247975
X0
-1.672975
0.185526
pa0
6a0
KF
en
fin
%lF
0.462068
13.155697
0.448172
=
%l
R,l
Asn
@e,w=
(4ns
= 5W1.072500
GO
J factor pinion
n
= 28.WWW
rn
= 14.OOWW
cn6
mG
: .owow
n1
= 4698.463104
14.WO895
0.024500
= 5WO.WOWO
= 5000.319535
0.425000
'm2
G6 gear
5.896021
12.5WOW
14.104239
GO
P&,2
60
=10000.000000
c4
7.957278
;Ib2
0.43
0.349241
5.896021
no
nbo
0.825562
O.WWW
n2
=
=
=
no
rnbo
r-i0
cPni
r-i
x0
&
Cn4
no
1.804106
0.368836
%i
G
1.497500
0.698227
=
=
R2
Rbl
63. G4.65
rti
no
x02
=
Cutter figure 7
0.014928
h,
1.698227
-0.WOOO6
5.136275
5.013388
Asn2
2.943890
aa0
o.oow
0.0650
iIW$;f
=10000.000000
5.005146
0.6678
-0.2229
15.375000
nC
C5
F.2
z
6 a02
in@ >
28.WWW
c6
Cl
c3
c4
8.4250
*1
Asn
0.1500
Pa02
R1
0.065OW
o.owow
1.2629
1.570796
=
=
=
2.952131
0.015061
14.WWW
Rbl
c4
&lo2
=
=
13.155697
10.455989
mP
G6 Dinion
nl
=
Ro2
x2
85
30
2.952131
0.0245
=
=
sno
=
hvOnoo =
hnsf2
Rl
0.372222
0.0650
=
=
39.936936
@ns
hv+ns
sno
im%po
kI2
Rol
Rb2
4%
b
pN
vb
Asnl
rnL
13.155697
4.2
qnL
42.5WOW
cp
Rbl
=
=
14.375000
15.375000
0.349066
ezol
%fol
sn
5.005146
14.000000
n2
28.245614
12.5WOW
1.4975
0.4250
Cutter figure 6
PI
P2
pml
28.750000
huol
0.320507
Cl?lO
KS
KF
en
bl
LF
%F
hF
Y
Y
0.349655
o.o14ga3 R,2
1.085125
13.014816
1.089422
3.420729
J factor aear
=
n
rn
=
o.wowo
nb
cn4
=
=
anl
0.647595
n2
pF
co
0.463530
ch
SF
H
L
M
l.WOWO
nb2
na2
cn6
Cnl
=
=
=
0.18OWO
na
0.15owo
m+nW=
Kf
Kw
o.wowo
2.170249
0.45owo
1.898920
xi?
sn
=
=
l.WOOOO
$d
qnF
hF
Y
Y
anl
pF
w
ch
SF
H
L
M
Kf
%
Y
19
AGMA 918-A93
Table 9A - Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8
Variable
inv $;
$".
tll
n(i +l)
0.030017
0.451838
0.437112
0.030017
0.437112
0.436527
0.030017
0.436527
0.436526

Variable
a
Pn
n0
K
S
P
0.785398
0.000092
-0.755647
-0.845647
0.183552
0.550858
0.000150
-1.020756
-1.110756
0.215756
0.516528
0.000163
-1.081818
-1.171818
0.222565
0.516292
0.000163
-1.082267
-1.172267
0.222614
s"
0.601846
0.335102
0.293964
0.293678
CF
1.203951
1.180769
1.177409
1.177386
P
YT
Y
IYl
ani
2.003974
9.761434
6.604027
1.548908
1.548908
0.550858
9.808402
1.957006
5.308212
0.182230
0.182230
0.516528
9.818742
1.946666
5.241281
0.001237
0.001237
0.516292
9.818818
1.946590
5.240928
0.000000
0.000000
0.516292

Variable
inv $;
$"*
0.026131
0.431629
0.026131
0.418269
0.026131
0.417773
Cli +I)
0.418269
0.417773
0.417772

Variable
Cr,
blo
KS
&
fb
GlF
SF
!F
Y'
Y
20
0.785398
0.019982
-0.595631
-0.775631
0.132923
0.652475
1.208512
13.176464
1.837279
6.313286
1.599280
2
0.532078
0.033342
-0.815390
-0.995390
0.152962
0.379116
1.173198
13.239694
1.774049
4.684785
0.240323
3
0.480780
0.037361
-0.887999
-1.067999
0.158991
0.321789
1.166728
13.257422
1.756320
4.524943
0.004303
4
0.479829
0.037442
-0.889483
-1.069483
0.159112
0.320717
1.166610
13.257776
1.755966
4.522425
0.000001
0.479829
0.037442
-0.889484
-1.069484
0.159112
0.320716
1.166610
13.257776
1.755966
4.522424
0.000000
IYl
1.599280
0.240323
0.004303
0.000001
0.000000
%i
0.532078
0.480780
0.479829
0.479829
0.479829
AGMA 918-A93
Table 9B - Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8
Gearset
mn
=
0.111111
on
25.0000
c,
17.7276
2.5500
F
Fl
=
=
F2
1.5000
1
= Not required
G2
%l
w
Input data
Pinion
0.436332
0.309405
hzol
pa01
=
=
1.1460
n2
24
ha02
1.1287
0.0900
nc2
36
Pa02
0.1800
1.2154
a01
0.0000
Ro2
, F.4.c7
. .-.
K.-n
WaoL
n nnnn
.I
0.5420
Asnl
0.0180
x2
0.4316
Asn2
0.0180
rnL
no
=
=
15.013743
no
nbo
rsno
$ ns
inv~,,
=
=
=
=
nl
n,l
=lOOOO
Rol
==
=
0.0000
Xl
.x01
18
Rml
Pl
l-3
n
19.671448
=
=
9.988660
6.333708
Cr
F
22.950023
Rol
Ro2
G
Rl
R2
0
Rbl
10.938611
P ml
13.911314
1.333333
Pnz;!=
cy
=
9.448671
8.486309
nl
18.000000
Rb2
11.315079
ROI
Qr
0.530005
RI
b
pN
2.962281
Rbl
Cd
13.500014
nO
no
nbo
GO
0.801215
0.639785
0.55
11.765408
=11571X6413
= 5785.683206
= 5243.609743
= 5786.739206
0.436723
inv%zpo,=
0.030111
hns I2
0.000033
10.938611
iIN@;;
0.030017
9.448671
@ni
0.436526
=
=
8.486309
r?i
10.415169
6.471560
riY0
= 5786.204859
0.542000
Asn
0.018000
3.509279
nC
=10000.000000
4.972326
h,
1.146000
6.471560
x0
0.000000
6.901867
Pm
sao
=
=
0.090000
0.455256
2.847250
0.279592
c6
Cl
c3
c4
9
c,
z
11.602094
3.939586
1.000000
0.146
G6 pinion
0.000000
3.392587
1.145262
63.64. G5
n,
Px
??aF
=
=
=
na
L,h
mN
=
=
=
15.604712
Yj-
=
=
%.L
r2.L
2.058274
=
@ns
inV4%s =
=
sno
vb
0 nr
5.268385
12.598228
x02
= 4.6985
Cutter figure 9
Cutter figure 8
I subroutine
d
=
0.145262
10.317491
1.308459
J factor pinion
20.828460
rn
rnb
=
=
10.414230
C n4
rn2
=
=
0.000163
KS
-1.082267
KF
en
-1.172267
0.222614
pn
0.293678
Gl.F
Q2.F
1.177386
9.818818
1.946590
hF
Y
5.240928
0.750000
10.938611
13.911314
10.938611
9.448671
12.598228
9.448671
=
=
=
0.417772
11.315079
13.768851
7.662508
m0
20.653277
0.431600
O1n
bzo
0.018000
36.000000
KS
-0.889484
ha0
1.128700
KF
-1.069484
X0
-0.698500
Pa0
6 a0
0.180000
0.000000
J factor aear
= 27.771279
n
rn
=
13.885640
lnF
13.257776
hF
Y
1.755966
4.522424
0.000000
0.479829
1.166610
PF
0
ch
1.363320
SF
H
L
M
2.333220
0.677188
1.649675
0.412299
Ku
Y
J
0.903789
ch
SF
H
L
M
2.354772
C,l
15.198726
0.768580
Kf
1.671480
xg
sn
0.522699
KY
0.903789
(PnL =
0.14oOOo
na
0.110000
@NnW=
0.500000
0.320716
anl
0.507400
;:
&IF
12.584663
0.159112
=
=
=
c,fj
11.904170
0.037442
nb
C n4
rn2
1.363320
0.479829
0.026131
=
=
ma
0.052045
Asn
nc
nb2
rna2
C nl
0.035727
%i
ri
7.694021
0.321240
0.461130
hns 12
iIn+ ;z
pF
0
0.865124
18.876995
21.078660
0.006783
anl
20.828460
0.919365
0.116121
41.656919
sno
=
inv@npo =
0.516292
0.516292
24.000000
+j
xg
1.570796
n1
mG
%l
Rol
Ro2
T1
Rl
R2
Rbl
c,
x
9.488498
=
=
mOnW=
Orn
ho
0.030060
G6 aear
0.000000
nb2
na2
0.308459
@aJ
=
=
1.955313
0.576804
0.200831
7.694021
0.140000
0.110000
0.500000
21
0.826131
0.58
Table 1OA - Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9

Variable
inv 4;
0.026131
0.026131
0.026131
4)".
0.431629
0.418269
0.417773
0.418269
0.417773
0.417772
nr
4
n(i +l)

Variable
an
1
0.785398
0.019982
-0.595631
0.532078
0.033342
-0.815390
0.480780
0.037361
-0.887999
0.479829
0.037442
-0.889483
0.479829
0.037442
-0.889484
2
s"
CF
-0.775631
0.132923
0.652475
1.208512
-0.995390
0.152962
0.379116
1.173198
-1.067999
0.158991
0.321789
1.166726
-1.069483
0.159112
0.320717
1.166610
-1.069484
0.159112
0.320716
1.166610
F
Y";
Y
IYl
ani
13.176464
1.837279
6.313286
1.599280
1.599280
0.532078
13.239694
1.774049
4.684785
0.240323
0.240323
0.480780
13.257422
1.756320
4.524943
0.004303
0.004303
0.479829
13.257776
1.755966
4.522425
0.000001
0.000001
0.479829
13.257776
1.755966
4.522424
0.000000
0.000000
0.479829
P
no
K
S

Variable
inv $;
vnr
C(i +l)

Variable
an
ha0
5
KF
%l
fin
&lF
%F
4F
Y
Y
IYl
ani
22
AGMA 916-A93
Table IOB - Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9
Input data
Pinion
g@J
mn
24
haol
1.1287
n2
69
hao2
1.1362
+n
25.0000
n,l
36
Pa01
nc2
36
Pa02
0.1080
w
c,
=
=
17.7276
2.5500
1.5000
ROI
1.5457
6 a01
=
=
0.1800
3.8846
6 a02
0.4316
Asnl
0.0180
-0.1972
Asn2
=
=
0.0000
Xl
Ro2
x2
x02
Fl
0.111111
nl
0.0000
=
-0.6985
x01
Cutter figure 9
Cutter figure 10
= Notrequired
I subroutine
62
+n
w
cr
F
Rol
Ro2
0.885141
nL
%L
nL
0.576804
0.71
nO
24.480024
0.309405
Rml
12.961363
22.950023
Pl
6.321860
13.500014
P2
15.073690
13.911314
Pm1
l-J&=
cy
1.000000
@iZS
0.461130
0.546
~VQ,,
Sno
0.035727
0.919365
T1
R1
24.000000
i%Zp0
Ins12
0.052045
0.006783
R2
13.911314
ilW&
0.026131
Rbl
Qni
ri
0.417772
c4
GO
13.768851
7.018480
r"0
20.653277
AS,
an
kzo
12.598228
36.219905
0.455256
11.315079
32.530852
Rb2
1.955313
2.875000
cp
Rbl
0.436332
34.961435
mG
Rl
R2
0.1111
G6 oinion
n1
=
ROI
=
15.013743
no
41.656919
G6
no
20.828460
ni
GO
nbo
18.876995
mG
21.078660
To1
Rol
Ro2
Q ns
iv4)n,y
sno
inv+ npo
nO
GO
nbo
hns 12
in@ 5
Q;zi
0.391249
Rl
12.598228
b
pN
2.962281
0.279592
=
=
=
11.315079
vb
c6
Cl
53
c,
Rbl
c4
x
0.431600
an
0.479829
n,
KS
Asn
nc
=
=
0.018000
&ZO
0.037442
ha0
x0
KF
en
h,
x0
=
=
Pa0
pn
Ll.F
Pa0
6 a0
0.180000
pn
0.320716
0.000000
h.F
%F
1.166610
13.257776
27.771279
hF
Y
4.522424
13.885640
12.584663
Rl
P!
0
ch
1.363320
SF
H
L
M
2.333220
2.847250
8.751830
4.056199
4.667643
7.018480
8.092814
%
c;!
z
5.130533
4.036615
1.362671
4.698500
J factor Dinion
0.362671
=
=
=
10.317491
c,4
1.308459
rn2
rnb2
rna2
=
=
0.752574
cn6
0.301137
C,l
=
=
0.375282
ma
15.198726
n,
Px
mF
=
=
=
n,
L,h
mN
=
=
=
9 nr
1.128700
n
rn
rd
G3. G4.65
Y,
36.000000
0.308459
17.938456
tan(pnW=
xg
KS
-0.889484
KF
072
-1.069484
0.159112
aao
J factor qear
n
rn
=
=
0.000000
nb
cn4
=
=
0.479829
n2
0.200831
nb2
na2
cn6
cnl
=
=
=
=
1.755966
7.694021
0.140000
0.110000
0.500000
na
=
mOnW=
0.677188
Kf
1.649675
xg
sn
=
=
0.412299
KY
0.909652
@a
q?zF
hF
Y
Y
nl
PF
co
ch
SF
H
L
M
9
%
Y
J
23
0.0180
AGMA 910-A93
Table 11A - Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .lO
Variable
inv $y
V-
nl
v
n(i +l)
0.008232
0.294824
0.008232
0.288120
0.008232
0.287952
0.288120
0.287952
0.287952

Variable
a
1
0.785398
c*
K
s
0.000112
-1.432158
0.471112
0.000220
-2.230837
P
If
CF
-1.842358
0.067420
0.717978
1.102763
-2.641037
0.093796
0.377315
1.006879
-3.186764
0.109961
0.263257
0.979597
-3.209323
0.110616
0.259446
0.978719
-3.209334
0.110616
0.259444
0.978718
P
YC
Y
IYl
ani
35.669413
2.090416
8.111022
2.549184
2.549184
0.471112
35.829899
1.929930
5.340462
0.522796
0.522796
0.373218
35.912873
1.846956
5.055824
0.015958
0.015958
0.370062
35.916155
1.843674
5.050907
0.000008
0.000008
0.370060
35.916156
1.843673
5.050904
0.000000
0.000000
0.370060
0.373218
0.000287
-2.776564
0.370062
0.000289
-2.799123
0.370060
0.000289
-2.799134

Variable
inv $;
v-
nz
b
n(i +l)
0.008231
0.294812
0.008231
0.288109
0.008231
0.287940
0.288109
0.287940
0.287940

Variable
an
ho
0.785398
0.439167
0.294720
0.284233
0.000396
-3.717446
4.127646
0.01@337
0.265396
1.06@25
266.642786
1.951328
0.264201
0.000396
-3.717857
4.128057
0.018839
0.265362
1.060620
266.642806
1.951308
1.173481
266.440538
2.153577
0.000381
-3.589001
-3.999201
0.018337
0.276383
1.062335
266.636630
1.957484
Y'
Y
8.818923
3.053383
5.189245
0.749573
4.588415
0.048117
4.560704
0.000147
4.560622
0.000000
IYI
3.053383
0.749573
0.048117
0.000147
0.000000
an1
0.439167
0.294720
0.284233
0.284201
0.284201
KF
en
Pn
LF
%F
hF
0.000116
-1.475162
-1.885362
0.000246
-2.452773
-2.862973
0.013803
0.425365
1.087974
266.566018
2.028096
24
0.009408
0.775990
AGMA 916-A93
Table 11B - Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .lO
Gearset
Input data
Pinion
n
%l
w
cr
F
=
=
16.5000
34.7564
ROI
=
=
42.1250
20.0000
Xl
Fl
FL2
= Not required
0.204788
62
Qn
w
cr
F
ROl
Ro2
G
Rl
R2
+
Rbl
0.287979
0.606614
205.700529
97.661972
nl
nC1
=lOOOO
Z subroutine
d
=
=
=
nc2
=10000
5.3070
paol
6 a01
0.0114
Ro2
0.0166
Asnl
0.0537
x2
PI
P2
8.465276
61.302324
&
=18032.056062
rti
37.759829
no
nbo
= 9016.028031
60
= 9016.967031
nO
no
nbo
=18032.056062
G6
nl
297.000000
= 8644.745606
mG
0.138047
= 9016.967031
To1
25.914604
= 9016.028031
0.288331
invql,,
0.008265
181.709866
sno
1.570796
25.914604
invt),,,
0.008321
24.951823
R1
180.748570
bs 12 =
=
inv$ ;
0.000010
0.008231
R2
Rbl
24.951823
0.287940
170.034781
%i
ri
=
=
267.772939
c,
x
62.383256
GO
= 9015.923873
-0.016600
Asn
nc
h a0
0.053700
an
ko
=10000.000000
KS
3.717857
1.349200
KF
4.128057
x0
0.000000
pa0
6a0
0.410200
0.014700
1.000000
0.288331
R,l
invqlns
0.008265
R,2
sno
1.570796
T1
0.346033
41.000000
inv%zpo =
=
iiN+;;. =
0.008321
0.287952
36.965413
hnsl2
0.000010
170.034781
Rol
25.914604
0.346035
R1
24.951823
3.597172
=
=
=
23.472815
+ni
m?i
9.281634
m0
= 9015.954286
0.370060
0.053700
an
&to
=
=
0.000289
KS
-2.799134
KF
3.209334
0.578313
c6
Cl
5
C4
69.767600
Asn
3.012221
0.016600
5.684462
nc
=10000.000000
8.462934
h,
1.349200
9.281634
x0
0.000000
pa0
=
=
0.410200
=
=
10.981515
7.384343
=
=
1.472560
n,
Px
F
na
=
=
=
=
Lmin
170.776393
mN
0.571870
a0
0.011400
5.297053
G3. G4.65
0.472560
5.510710
17.722212
0.722212
0.606614
0.287981
J-Factor
n
rn
rnb
Pinion
= 73.931430
= 36.965715
= 35.443457
cn4
rn2
rnb2
rna2
=
=
=
=
=
=
c,(j
C,l
ma
0.380974
m+nW=
xg
37.928497
-0.074044
;I
LF
%F
0.008232
0.110616
0.259444
0.978718
35.916156
1.843673
J factor aear
535.552065
267.776033
256.748945
hF
Y
Y
5.050904
'nb
0.000000
C n4
anl
0.370060
0.437314
pF
0
ch
SF
H
L
M
9
%
= 8644.745606
9ns
0.245
23.472815
268.594114
110
0.0537
rnL
0.43
G6 Dinion
nl
=
Asn2
0.385039
180.748570
-0.0166
GO
0 ns
0.0147
P&=
cy
7.243902
P ml
24.951823
37.2120
25.914604
0.4102
1.526931
181.709866
=
=
0.352087
1.3492
hao2
Pa02
8 a02
297
=
0.0000
x02
Cutter figure 11
sn
49.903679
24.952634
cpnr
n2
Rbl
c4
x
Wr
1.3492
0.4102
Rml
mP
Gear
haol
x01
=
0.0000
Cutter figure 11
Rb2
+r
b
pN
vb
(3
9
z
41
0.284201
0.000396
0.018839
;:
LF
0.265362
1.060620
q?l.F
hF
Y
Y
266.642806
1.951308
4.560822
o.oocmo
nl
0.284201
0.414368
11.148723
rn2
=
=
pF
co
nb2
na2
=
=
1.459288
2.121239
1.459288
c,fj
0.210000
1.957437
ch
SF
H
L
M
0.180000
0.420000
Kf
I%
1.599592
0.674999
Y
J
0.413301
0.45
11.148723
Cnl
0.210000
ml
0.180000
m$nW=
0.420000
268.737328
0.309138
1.553020
33
sn
=
=
-0-1o7244
1.507262
0.674999
@d
0.298089
25
AGMA 919-A93
Table 12A - Herringbone gears, example 3.1 .I1
Variable
inv t#b;
0".
?ZZ
4)"
0.010523
0.319708
0.312094
0.010523
0.312094
0.311891
0.010523
0.311891
0.311891
n(i +l)

Variable
0.785398
Irn
0.056376
no
K
-2.087997
0.515048
0.094599
-2.844041
I%
If
c.F
-2.407597
0.143301
0.642097
1.156529
-3.163641
0.186984
0.328064
1.020337
-3.456249
0.202274
0.248126
0.988867
-3.467353
0.202845
0.245352
0.987829
-3.467365
0.202845
0.245348
0.987828
P
Y":
Y
IYl
19.936168
2.350755
8.726844
2.359300
2.359300
20.203563
2.083359
6.154200
0.397862
0.397862
20.310241
1.976681
5.765165
0.012703
0.012703
20.314362
1.972560
5.752152
0.000014
0.000014
20.314366
1.972556
5.752137
0.000000
0.000000
an1
0.515048
0.450400
0.448196
0.448194
0.448194
0.450400
0.107977
-3.136649
0.448196
0.108476
-3.147753
0.448194
0.108477
-3.147765

Variable
inv $;
9"nz
cp"
n(i +l)
0.010061
0.315012
0.307579
0.010061
0.307579
0.307383
0.010061
0.307383
0.307383

Variable
an
bZ0
%
KF
:
GZF
SF
hF
Y'
Y
IYl
at21
26
I
0.785398
0.057662
-2.135593
-2.455193
0.454137
0.109425
-3.184326
-3.503926
0.328092
0.144197
-3.977492
4.297092
0.318479
0.147455
4.053652
4.373252
0.318426
0.147474
4.054079
4.373679
0.024717
0.760681
1.343689
124.597297
2.413627
9.812936
3.250645
0.034817
0.419320
1.197141
124.825383
2.185541
5.960566
0.751299
0.041602
0.286490
1.132036
125.004924
2.006000
5.188472
0.049876
0.042238
0.276241
1.126785
125.023094
1.987830
5.131782
0.000272
0.042241
0.276185
1.126756
125.023196
I.987728
5.131468
0.000000
3.250645
0.454137
0.751299
0.328092
0.049876
0.316479
0.000272
0.316426
0.000000
0.316426
AGMA 916-A93
Table 12B - Herringbone gears, example 3.1.11
mn
on
y
c,
=
=
28
bzol
1.7520
h2
164
hw2
1.7520
17.4952
n,l
32
Paul
0.3196
q-2
32
Pa02
0.3196
30.0000
12.0000
7.0000
Rol
1.8500
6 a01
0.0000
10.3500
6 a02
0.0000
Asnl
Asn2
=
=
0.0000
Ro2
x2
Xl
=
=
rnL
no
=
=
127.010924
no
24.633611
nbo
rs
=
=
23.494113
cs
inv~,,
=
=
0.458730
F2
= Not required
62
452
w
0.305349
Rol
Ro2
G
Rl
R2
32.331667
Rml
16.165834
Pl
5.529096
64.663335
P2
32.384707
17.089596
Pm1
95.609360
P#.Q=
5.857143
cy
1.000000
16.165808
ZZ
0.223
94.685444
0.349065
+
Rbl
Rb2
15.190894
88.975239
+r
0.349070
b
pN
3.408829
2.996269
0.497092
vb
c6
Cl
c3
c,
37.913803
2.920140
5.529096
6.328969
7.828857
%
c,
z
4.420028
4.908717
1.440001
mP
nr
subroutine
110.851431
0.523599
G5
=
0.440001
PX
6.283185
F
na
Lmin
mN
%
10.291489
0.291489
+ nr
0.0250
0.1371
x01
=
Cutter figure 12
cr
F
0.108263
Fl
G3.64.
input data
Pinion
Gearset
G6 Pinion
0.0000
0.1371
x02
=
Cutter figure 12
1.545796
0.404568
%L
nL
no
no
0.396560
0.45
nbo
rsno
22.286922
49.267223
24.633611
23.494113
26.203111
+ns
0.458730
invOns
sno
0.035138
1.657226
0.043495
G6 gear
=
164.000000
zc
Ibl
Rol
Ro2
0.170732
17.089596
95.609360
17.089596
T1
Rl
R2
Rbl
16.165808
94.685444
sno
=
inv4 np* =
bls 12 =
in@ $ =
16.165808
@;Zi
0.307383
88.975239
r,
126.328531
33.493775
GO
24.649469
%
kzo
0.318426
-4.054079
-4.373679
28.000000
inv4+zpo
hnsf2
ROI
Rl
=
=
17.089596
ilW+;
0.010523
16.165808
c,
Rbl
c4
x
=
=
=
15.190894
Vni
r;
0.311891
21.599415
0.000000
0.025000
Asn
nc
=
=
0.025000
32.000000
h,
x0
=
=
1.752000
0.137100
pa0
6,
=
=
6.328969
0.000000
0.319600
0.000000
J factor oinion
n
rn
rnb
=
=
=
C n4
rd
=
=
rnb2
rna2
=
=
43.108820
21.554410
20.557349
105.019605
0.615726
cn6
0.523599
C,l
0.305353
ma
22.478198
0.442276
@@nW=
xg
-0.039657
-0.005246
49.267223
n1
nl
0.0250
26.203111
0.035138
1.657226
0.043495
-0.005246
0.010061
r,o
24.665046
an
kzo
0.448194
Asn
nc
=
=
32.000000
KS
0.108477
hao
1.752000
KS
X0
0.137100
KF
en
-3.147765
0.042241
KF
-3.467365
Pa0
6 a0
0.319600
0.276185
0.000000
bn
LF
1.126756
qr7.F
125.023196
0.202845
;;
0.245348
LF
%lF
0.987828
J factor aear
0.147474
1.987728
252.494518
hF
Y
20.314366
5.131468
0.000000
hF
Y
1.972556
'n
126.247259
5.752137
rnb
120.407331
0.318426
0.428434
0.448194
=
=
nl
pF
w
cn4
rn2
nl
pF
0
0.000000
9.846530
rnb2
rna2
=
=
ch
1.424385
2.253512
ch
1.424385
0.200000
SF
H
L
M
=
=
1.975656
c,(j
C,l
0.170000
0.200000
na
SF
H
L
M
0.430000
0.496358
9.846530
0.170000
0.430000
1 A65549
KY
0.750000
0.339860
@NnW=
xg
sn
@A
127.171174
=
=
=
Kf
KY
1.599594
0.750000
1.545796
0.503089
0.323880
0.51
-0.039657
27
AGMA 908-889
calculation of each geometry factor. Decision flags

identify alternate routines for variables based on the
specific gear geometry. Each step in the chart
identifies a variable and, where applicable, the
equation number from AGMA 908-B89 needed to
calculate the variable. The numerical value tables
inclause3areformatted tofollow withtheflowchart
procedures.
4 Flow chart
A flow chart has been developed to assist in the
calculation of geometry factors, I and J. This chart
organizes an efficient method for programming the
procedures presented in AGMA 908B89.
Its
format separates input data, basic geometry calculations common to both factors, subroutines for
intermediate factors, and subroutines for the final
\
\
Q.
Gl
\ 1
np n2y n,-y n,2) rnn, $nt yfy Cry F9 Rap Ro2, FL

Xl 7 x 017 haoly pa01 7 6aol 3 Asnl~
Normalize
to mn= 1.0
x2 xo2 hao2 pao2 a02 ASn2
For hobs, let n,, = q2 = 10 000, xoI =x0, = 0.0

If s, = 62 , x,1 =x0, = 0.0
For metric units enter mnr C, , F, R,,,, and R, in millimeters.
For inch units enter m, = l/P,
inches.
and C, , F, Rol, R, in
Figure I-
28
For protuberance hobs, reduce protuberance:

6, = a0 -us cos gin
Where
For an internal gear R, = Di/2.

Fl = Gear type code:
1 = External gear;
2 = Internal gear.
F2= Spur gear load sharing code:

1 = Load at HPSTC;
2 = Load at tip (inaccurate).
6,
is the protuberance on the cutter;
u*
is the stock allowance per side of tooth for

finishing.
Flow chart for I and J subroutines for AGMA 988-889
AGMA 91 &A93
Q
G2
t
= ~,7~/180
jJ = W
Cr =
F
n/l80
Cr/mn
F/m,
&II = Rollm,
Ro2 = Ro21mn
Rl
(3.2)
R2
(3-3)
(3.4)
Rbl
Rb2
(3.6)
0,
(3.7)
Pb
(3.6)
PN
(3-9)
(3.11)
Cl
(3.12)
c3
(3.13)
c4
(3.14)
(3.15)
c2
(3.16)
(3.17)
mP
(3.18)
Basic
geometry
Figure 1 (continued)
29
AGMA 908-B89
mF
= 0.0
2N = 1.0 (3.25)
Lti=F
(3.21)
II
(3.27)
(4nr
(3.28)
call I factor
3
nl
G6
ROI =
Initialize
for
pinion
nl
ROI
RI
RI
Rbl
Rbl
c4
bn
nc
To1 =
ROI
ROI
Ro2
c4
Ro2 =
%I
Xl
T1
RI
~~
R2
%l
R2
T1
h a0 =
ha01
Rbl
Rb2
x0
x01
c4 = c6 - c2
pa0 =
pa01
6a0
6a01
bzl
call J factor
bl
= &2
nc
h a0
=
=
nc2
h a02
x0
x02
pa0
Pa02
6 a0
6 a02
Initialize
for
gear
x2
Call J factor
vt
Message:
Jfactor subroutine not
applicable to
internal gears
c5
END
Figure 1
(continued)
31
AGMA 908-889
I Factor subroutine
32
AGMA 919-A93
J Factor subroutine
0
Jl
(SPUR)
=
or
(5.2)
rn
(5.3)
mrtb
(5.4)
+ s WCR)
t
na
(5.5)
tan 0 nW
(5.10)
I
I
Figure 1
(continued)
%a2
(5.14) 1
I Gz6
(5.15)
I
1 Cd
(5-W
1 cn4
(5.17) 1
Im+nW
(5.19) 1
AGMA 908-B89
.
xg
(5.19)
sn
(5.21)
iVOn
(5.24)
%lL
(5.27)
r&c
(5.28)
no
(5.29)
%o
(5.30)
5lbO
(5.31)
r-sno
(5.39)
%ls
(5.40)
inV$nS
(5.41)
sno
(5.42)
inv +npo
(5.46)
hld2
(5.47)
iIlV(&
(5.48)
q) II.
(5.49
nl
Virtual shaper
cutter geometry
-_
i - 0.
e111
n( z+l)
q).
n( z+l)
34
(5.50)
iteration for
generating
pressure angle
AGMA 91%A93
9
57
ho
v
(5.53)
%I
KF
(5.54)
(5.55)
%v
Pn
(5.58)
(5.59)
5,
q#
(5.60)
Iteration for
critical point
(5.61)
(5.62)
(5.63)
Y,Y
(5.64)
w3
anl
I
c>
J9
35
AGMA 908-B89
J9
(5-1)
r4
Return
Figure 1 (concluded)
36
AGMA 919-A93
5 Cutting
5.2 Pinion type cutting tools
tool geometry
Figures 2 through 12 depict the geometry of the cutting tools used for the examples in this information
sheet. These figures have dimensions taken from
the cutting tools actually used to make the gears
given in these examples. The procedure used to arrive at the dimensions given is beyond the scope of
this information sheet.
The pinion type shaper cutter drawings (figures 5,

7,9,10, and 12) depict pinion type cutting tools. The
shaper cutter tooth is depicted in the normal plane
with the shaper cutter addendum and chordal tooth
thickness given at the pitch diameter of the tool. The
dimensions apply when the tool is new and will
change as it is sharpened back. All of these pinion
type shaper cutters are involute in the transverse
plane.
5.1 Rack type cutting tools
5.3 Cutting tool drawings
The hob drawings (figures 2,3,4,6,8,

and 11) depict racktypecutting tools. The hob tooth isdepicted
in the normal plane with the hob addendum given to
a circular tooth thickness of 7r/(2 Pnd). All of these
hobs are straight sided in the normal plane.
Figures 2 through 12 are simplified cutting tool

drawings used in the examples, with dimensions in
inches. These values have been normalized to 1 .O
module for the input data in clause 3 (see figure 1).
The stock allowance per side of tooth, u, , for finishing, is given where applicable.
0.3142
Normal
plane
5.00 normal diametral pitch
20 normal pressure angle
0.472 whole depth (2.36/P&)
Protuberance
normal plane
U*l = k-2 =0.0080

class C pre-grind
hob
Figure 2 - Hob for example 3.1.1 and 3.1.2
37
AGMA 908-889
I---
0.5236
R 0.0882
Normal plane
20 normal pressure angle
0.400 whole depth (2.4/f&)
USI = uJ2 = 0.0053
class C pre-grind hob
I
I
t--
20.00
REF
Protuberance
normal plane
Figure 3 - Hob for example 3.1.3 and 3.1.4
0.1309 -
I--
0.2618 Normal
plane
Protuberance
normal plane

20 normal pressure angle 0.200 whole depth (2.4&d)
%I = o.clo1o
ground pre-shave hob
Figure 4 - Hob for example 3.1.5
38
AG MA 91 &A93
0.015
--v
pitch
diameter
I---
R.
Protuberance
normal
plane
20.00 normal pressure angle
22.109O helix angle
42 teeth
4.0176 inch outside diameter (when new)
3.7778 inch pitch diameter
pre-shave with protuberance
u s2 = 0.0010
0.1326 (when new)

Normal
plane
Figure 5 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.5
Normal
plane

0.480 whole depth (2.4/pnd)
= 0.0065
US1 = ufi
Protuberance
normal plane
unground pre-grind hob

Figure 6 - Hob for examples 3.1.6 and 3.1.7
39
AGMA 908-B89

0 helix angle
30 teeth
finishing (no protuberance)
diameter -
0.2816 (when new)

Normal
plane
Figure 7 - Spur pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.7
FL

0.233 whole depth (2.1 O/P&)
class A finish hob
Normal
plane
Figure 8 - Hob for example 3.1.8
40
AGMA 913-A93
---
outside
diameter
pitch
diameter
/
17.7276 helix angle
36 teeth
0.1021 __4
(when new)
NOlTd
plane
Figure 9 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for examples 3.1.8 and 3.1.9
0.1405
(when new)
mm--
--a.
-l
t
I
9.00 normal diametral Ditch

25~00~normal pressure angle
ptch /
17.7276 helix angle
diameter
36 teeth
0.1860 -
Normal
plane
41
AGMA 908-B89
I
4.00 transverse diametral pitch
(corrected for 35 helix angle)
0.491 whole depth (2.4/pd)
class A pm-shave hob
41 = 0.0010
k-2 = 0.0003
Normal
plane
Protuberance
normal plane
Figure 11 - Hob for example 3.1 .lO

(8.00 transverse diametral pitch)
17.49524O normal pressure angle
(20.00 transverse pressure angle)
30 helix angle
32 teeth
pitch
diameter
0.1;94 (when new)

Normal
plane
42
PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
1500 KING STREET, ALEXANDRIA, WRGINIA 22314

Agma 918-A93

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A Summary of Numerical Examples

918-A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating

the Procedures for

by American Gear Manufacturers

American Gear Manufacturers Association

Definitions and symbols ..........................................................

Cutting tool geometry ...........................................................

Symbols used in equations .......................................................

Table of Contents (cant)

Hobfor example3.1.5 ..........................................................

for Calculating Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears.]

of the AGMA Committee

for Helical Gear Rating

Chairman: D. McCarthy (Dorris Company)

Amarillo Gear Co.

The Gear Works-Seattle

only and are not intended to be recommendations

Numerical examples were selected to demonstrate

A procedure for the calculation of bending strength

The symbols used in the geometry factor formulas

Units of measure are not shown in table 1 because

exceptions stated in the scope of AGMA 908-B89.

the equations are in terms of unity normal module or

The examples used are for demonstration purposes

unity normal diimetral pitch.

AGMA documents. The user should not assume that

Table 1 - Symbols used in equations

distances along line of action (See figure 3-I of AGMA 9084389)

operating normal pressure angle

pressure angle at point s on tool

normal or virtual spur gear

3.1 .l Accurate spur gears

3.1.3 Conventional helical gears

This example, which uses the same basic geometry

planet gear combination. The Z factor for the

3.1.9 Helical planet and ring gear

3.1 .I0 Conventional double helical gears

3.1 .I1 Herringbone gears

3.2 Tabulation of examples

This example combines with 3.1.9 to demonstrate

Specificdata relatingto each gearset or component

the geometry factor calculation for a helical sun/

is listed in the individual example tables.

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Gear: iteration for critical point

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Gear: iteration for critical point

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Gear: iteration for critical point

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Gear: iteration for critical point

Table 6A - Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Gear: iteration for critical point

Table 7A - Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6

Pinion: iteration for critical point

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle