1.

John Locke is an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of

the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of
Liberalism

Tabula Rasa- refers to the epistemological idea that individuals are born without built-

in mental content and that therefore all knowledge comes from experience or perception

2.Friedrich Froebel- Friedrich Wilhelm August Frbel or Froebel was a German pedagogue, a
student of Pestalozzi who laid the foundation for modern education based on the recognition
that children have unique needs and capabilities.

What was his contribution? Originator of kindergarten system

What did kindergarten mean? a school or class that prepares

children for first grade. A child in kindergarten is typically 5 or 6 years old.

3. Sigmund Freud- was an Austrian neurologist and the father of psychoanalysis, a clinical
method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst

Id- The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. It consists of

all the inherited (i.e. biological) components of personality, including the sex (life) instinct
Ego- The ego develops in order to mediate between the unrealistic id and the
external real world. It is the decision making component of personality. Ideally the ego
works by reason, whereas the id is chaotic and totally unreasonable
Superego- The superego incorporates the values and morals of society which
are learned from one's parents and others. It develops around the age of 3 5 during
the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

1. John Dewey- John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist, and

educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform

 Progressivism- This paper is focused on Progressivism, as a

reaction against the American traditional school in order to accomplish the
purpose of connecting education to the realities imposed by the rapid changes of
the American society. Progressivism was developed by John Deweys pedagogic
theory, being based on Pragmatism, a specific American philosophy, and on
instrumentalism, one of its variants to which John Dewey conferred its climax.

4. Margaret MacMillan- CC is a Canadian historian and professor at the University of Oxford,

where she is Warden of St Antony's College.

What was her contribution?

5. Rudolph Steiner - was an Austrian philosopher, author, social reformer, architect and
esotericist

What are Waldorf Schools? Waldorf schools offer a developmentally appropriate,

experiential, and academically rigorous approach to education. They integrate the arts in all
academic disciplines for children from preschool through twelfth grade to enhance and enrich
learning. Waldorf Education aims to inspire life-long learning in all students and to enable them
to fully develop their unique capacities

6.Patty Hill- was a composer and teacher who is perhaps best known for co-writing, with her
sister Mildred Hill, the tune which later became popular as "Happy Birthday to You"

NAEYC- National Association for the Education of Young Children

7. Maria Montessori- was an Italian physician and educator best known for the philosophy of
education that bears her name, and her writing on scientific pedagogy

 Montessori Approach- is a child-centered educational approach based on scientific

observations of children from birth to adulthood. Dr. Montessoris Method has been time tested,
with over 100 years of success in diverse cultures throughout the world.

8. Lev Vygotsky- Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky was a Soviet psychologist, the founder of a theory
of human cultural and bio-social development commonly referred to as cultural-historical
psychology, and leader of the Vygotsky Circle

Sociocultural Theory- Vygotskys sociocultural theory of human learning describes learning

as a social process and the origination of human intelligence in society or culture. The major
theme of Vygotskys theoretical framework is that social interaction plays a fundamental role in
the development of cognition. Vygotsky believed everything is learned on two levels.

9. Loris Malaguzzi- was the founder of Reggio Emilia's educational philosophy and together
with the Comune and many local administrators he participated in the birth and building of
Reggio Emilia's network of municipal preschools (3-6) and infant-toddler centres (0-3)

Reggio Emilia- The Reggio Emilia Approach is an innovative and inspiring approach to
early childhood education

Pedagogista- The pedagogista supports the professional development of teachers and staff and
collaborates with them to make choices and decisions about their ongoing work with children
and families. The pedagogista does this by working closely with teachers to observe, document,
and analyze the learning processes and experiences of children, and then draw implications for
teaching and learning.

Atelierista - The Atelierista is an Early Years Educator with a background in the arts and is
responsible for creating different projects to introduce new concepts to the children, spark their
curiosity and creativity and establish a new explorative way of learning.