Professional Documents
Culture Documents
. . .
(1348-12571970-1878/)
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. 1940
.
. The Emergence of Iranian Nationalism:
Race and the Politics of Dislocation
.
>Reza Zia-Ebrahimi<reza.zia-ebrahimi@kcl.ac.uk
.
Reza Zia-Ebrahimi, Self-Orientalization and 2009 .
Dislocation: The Uses and Abuses of the Aryan
Discourse in Iran, Iranian Studies, 44: 4 (2011), /
445-472. .
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( :.)1343
ISSN 0892-4147-print/ISSN 2159-421X online/2016/30.4/104-143.
104
4.
5
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1973 : .
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6.
( )Sir Anthony Parsons, 1922-1996
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( : .36 )1339
.37
1987
18 2009 .
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9
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(Leon
)Poliakov, 1910-1997
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106
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10.
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()ariya
()Aryan
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: .
.
11
12.
.
.
.
Stefan Arvidsson, Aryan Idols: Indo-European
Mythology as Ideology and Science (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2006), 21.
10
.
Lon Poliakov, Le Mythe Aryen: Essai sur les
Sources du Racisme et des Nationalismes (Brussels:
Complexe, 1987); and Arvidsson, Aryan Idols.
.
.
;Arthur Comte de Gobineau, Trois Ans en Asie
de 1855 1858 (Paris : Leroux, 1923), vol. 2, 20.
0 4 201/139
107
.
.
.
(Sir William Jones, 1746-
)1794 1786
13. ()Aryan
(Abraham-Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron,
)1731-1806 . 1755 1761
. 1763
( aryen )aryan 14.
( )ariya
( )arioi
.
.
.
See Poliakov, Mythe Aryen; Arvidsson, Aryan
Idols.
13
108
Hans Siegert,
Zur Geschichte der Begriffe
Arier und arisch, Wrter und Sachen, 4 (19411942), 86.
1819
( )ariya
( )Ehre 15
16.
( )Aryan ( )ariya
.
.
( )Christian Lassen, 1800-1876
17
.
( )Aryan 1940
18.
1941 (Hans
)Siegert 19.
.
.
1813 ( )Thomas Young, 1773-1829
1823 (Julius von Klaproth, 1783-
)1835 20.
( )Aryan ()Aryan
.
( )Aryan
.
(Max Friedrich
Siegert, Zur Geschichte, 88-89.
Arvidsson, Aryan Idols, 21-22.
17
Koerner, Observations, 170.
18
Siegert, Zur Geschichte, 73.
15
19
16
20
Koerner, Observations.
0 4 201/139
109
)Muller, 1823-1900
:
()Dolichocephalic
( )Brachycephalic
21. (Ernest
)Renan, 1823-1892 ( )Arthur de Gobineau, 1816-1882
.
.
( )Aryan
.
.
( )George Rawlinson, 1812-1902
:
22
.
23
.
Quoted in Koerner, Observations, 170-171.
George Rawlinson, The Origin of Nations (New
21
22
110
( )Aryan
. ( )
( )Aryan .
.
.
. ( )Bantu
.
.
24
( )Aryan .
.
.
.
( )Urheimat
.
. (Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner,
)1840-1899
( )Ladakh
25.
Poliakov, Mythe Aryen, 217.
24
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(Johann
)Gottfried Herder, 1744-1803 ( )Aryan
26.
.
27.
.
.
.
28
.
.
() (
) .
Arvidsson, Aryan Idols, 52.
Arvidsson, Aryan Idols, 295.
26
27
112
28
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.
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29.
30
31
.
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American Anthropological Association
Statement on Race (17 May 1998), at http://
www.aaanet.org/stmts/racepp.htm/
30
See
American Anthropological Association
Statement on Race.
29
.
Michael Banton, the Idea of Race (London:
Tavistock Publications, 1977); Michael Banton,
Racial and Ethnic Competition (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1983).
0 4 201/139
113
.
.
. ()Merritt Ruhlen, b. 1944
32.
. (Joseph Greenberg,
)1915-2001
33
.
. ( )Kai Friese
( )Urheimat . :
34
.
.
Merritt Ruhlen, On the Origin of Languages:
Studies in Linguistic Taxonomy (Stanford:
Stanford University Press, 1994), 9.
33
Joseph Greenberg, Indo-European and its
32
114
.
.
:
. . . . . . . . .
. . . (
)
. ()Aryans
35
.
.
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(Sir Percy
)Sykes, 1867-1945 :
.
36
.
.
.
. . .
37
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Rawlinson, The Origin of Nations, 86-87.
;Percy M. Sykes, A History of Persia (3rd ed.
London: Macmillan, 1951), vol. 1, 501.
37
Vasant Kaiwar, the Aryan Model of History
and the Oriental Renaissance: The Politics of
35
36
0 4 201/139
115
38.
( )Aryan ()Aryan
.
.
. ( )Mose Cohen, 1863-1961
. .
.
:
39
.
. ()
40.
.
.
41.
.
Surendranath Banerjea,
the Study of Indian
History, in Nationalism in Asia and Africa,
ed. Elie Kedourie (London: Weidenfeld and
Nicolson, 1970), 225-244.
116
Tekin Alp,
The Restoration of Turkish
History, in Nationalism in Asia and Africa, 214.
40
Alp, The Restoration of Turkish History, 219.
39
Homa Katouzian,
Problems of Political
Development in Iran: Democracy, Dictatorship
or Arbitrary Government, British Journal of
Middle Eastern Studies, 22:1-2 (1995), 1617.
( )arioi
.
42.
.
1890 .
.
43.
.
44.
45.
46.
:
() . . .
47
.
.
( : .181-180 )2005
.387
.269
( : .56 )2007
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.
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1916 1922
48.
49.
50
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(1357-12731978-1894/) .
51
( )Aryans .
(1350-1274-1897/
1971)
. 1930
52.
OskarMann, KvehvaDerafsh-eKviyni[Kaveh
and his Standard], Kveh, 24 (January 1916), 3.
48
118
( 3 )1921 .1
( 18 .2 )1916
( :
.31 )1336
( :.6-5 )1342
.
.
(1314-1251-1871/
1935)
6 24 4
.
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.
53.
.
54.
55.
/
. /
Afshin Marashi, Nationalizing Iran: Culture,
Power, and the State, 18701940 (Seattle:
University of Washington Press, 2008), 99.
53
54
:
( : .8 )1306
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119
56.
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57.
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58. .
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59
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60.
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1930 .
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( :
120
.276 )1310
( 6 :
.87 )1316
(1321-12581942-1879/)
.
61
() () .
.
1915
.
.
( )das Deutsches Haus 62.
.
( )Aryan
63.
1930 .
64
.
.
( : .40-39 )1376
63
Hossein Shahidi,
The BBC Persian Service,
1940-1953, and the Nationalization of Iranian
Oil, Journal of Iranian Research and Analysis,
17:1 (2001).
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121
.
.
1933
.
1933
65.
( )von Vibran 66.
. 1933
.
.
. :
[ . . . ]
.
.
67
.
Miron Rezun, The Soviet Union and Iran:
Soviet policy in Iran from the Beginnings of the
Pahlavi Dynasty until the Soviet Invasion in
1941 (Alphen aan den Rijn and Genve: Sijthoff
& Noordhoff , 1981), 319.
65
122
( 14
.)1933
.
.
:
68.
( )Alfred Rosenberg, 1893-1946
69
.
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( 3 )1933
( 14 .)1934
0 4 201/139
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(Deutsch-Persische
)Gesselschaft 1934 .
70. 1936
.
71.
72.
( )George Lenczowski, 1915-2000
.
. . .
7500
.
73
.
.
.
( )Joseph Goebbels, 1897-1945
Lenczowski, Russia and the West in Iran, 159.
70
124
74.
.
75
.
.
.
( )ariya ( )aryan
.
( )ariya ( )aryan
.
.
( )airiyanem vaejah
76.
()
() .
Massoud Kazemzadeh, The Day Democracy
Died, Khaneh, 3:34 (2003).
74
H. W. Bailey,
Iranian Arya- and Daha-,
Transactions of the Philological Society, 58:1
(1959), 94; Emile Benveniste,
LEran-vez et
lOrigine Lgendaire des Iraniens, Bulletin of the
School of Oriental Studies, 7:2 (1934), 265-274.
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.
.
77.
78.
( )ariya
79. ( )arioi
( )Hellanicus, b. 491 BC ( )ariya
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.
81
.
.
77
.
Jean Kellens, Les Airiia- ne Sont Plus des Aryas:
Ce Sont Dj des Iraniens, in Aryas, Aryens et
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al. (Paris: Collge de France, 2005), 240242.
78
Rdiger Schmitt,
Aryans, in Encyclopdia
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en Asie centrale.
.
.
[ ] .
.
( )ariya ( )aryan
.
( )ariya ( )aryan
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. ( )ariya
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( )aryan
.
.
.
( )aryan . 1941
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. . . ( )aryan 82.
( )Jean Kellens
.
: ()aryan
.
83
.
: [ ]
[ ] [ ].
.
. 1861
( )airiyanem vaejah ( )aryan
( )aryans 84.
( )aryans
( )aryans 85.
Siegert, Zur Geschichte, 99.
Kellens, Les Airiia- ne Sont Plus des Aryas,
242.
84
Friedrich Max Mller, Lectures on the Science of
Language: Delivered at the Royal Institution of
Great Britain in April, May and June 1861 (5th
rev. ed.; London: Longmans, Green, 1866), 268.
82
83
128
.
Quoted in Siegert, Zur Geschichte, 86.
( )aryans
.
( )ariya ()aryan
86
.
( )aryans .
( )aryans
. ( )aryans
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.
.
.
( )ariya
( )non-ariya 87
.
88
( )ariya ( )ariya .
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30
89
.
( )
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90.
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( )
91.
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1976 :
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90
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( )aryan
( )ariya
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/
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( )ariya ( )aryan
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( )ariya
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92.
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1906 . 1860
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(1257-1191-1812/
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:
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93.
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95
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105.
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( )aryan
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Ren Verneau and Emile Burnouf, cited in
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105
136
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( )Edward W. Said, 1935-2003 .
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106.
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107.
108.
()
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109.
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138
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. . .
110.
. 1935
: []
111.
.
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1934
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:
112.
113
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Quoted in Juan R. I. Cole, Marking
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114.
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12 2001
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2001
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116.
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1500 .
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121
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Football-Accueil Triomphal pour les
[ ]
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Kolossale Weihnachten in Teheran,
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