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JUNIOR INTER BOTANY

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

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Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks)

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1.

What does ICBN stand for?

2.

Define metabolism. What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism?

3.

Which is the largest botanical garden in the world? Name a few well known
botanical gardens in India.

4.

What is the basic unit of classification? Define it.

5.

Give the scientific name of mango. Identify the generic name and specific
epithet.

6.

What is growth? What is the difference between the growth in living organisms
and growth in non-living objects?

7.

What do the terms phycobiont and mycobiont signify?

8.

What do the terms algal bloom and red tides' signify?

9.

State two economically important uses of heterotrophic bacteria.

10.

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Who proposed five kingdom classification? How many kingdoms of this

classification contain eukaryotes?

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11.

Explain how the term Botany has emerged.

12.

Name the books written by Parasara and mention the important aspects
discussed in those books.

13.

Who is popularly known as father of Botany? What was the book written by
him?

14.

Who discovered the cell and what was the book written by him?

15.

What is palaeobotany? What is its use?

16.

Name the branches of Botany which deal with the chlorophyllous autotrophic
thallophytes and non-chlorophyllous heterotrophic thallophytes.

17.

What are the groups of plants that live as symbionts in lichens? Name the study
of lichens.

18.
19.

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Which group of plants is called vascular cryptogams? Name the branch of

Botany which deals with them?
Which group of plants is called amphibians of plant kingdom? Name the
branch of Botany which deals with them.

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20.

Name the stored food materials found in Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae.

21.

Name the pigments responsible for brown colour of Phaeophyceae and red
colour of Rhodophyceae.

22.

Name the Gymnosperms which contain mycorrhizae and coralloid roots

respectively.

23.

Mention the ploidy of any four of the following:

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Protonemal cell of a moss

b.

Primary endosperm nucleus in a dicot

c.

Leaf cell of a moss

d.

Prothallus of a fern

e.

Gemma cell in Marchantia

f.

Meristem cell of monocot

g.

Ovum of a liverwort and

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26.

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24.

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Zygote of a fern

What are the first organisms to colonize rocks? Give the generic name of the
moss which provides peat?

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Mention the fern characters found in Cycas.

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What is meant by pulvinous leaf base? In members of which angiospermic

family do you find them?

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27.

Define venation. How do dicots differ from monocots with respect to venation?

28.

Which organ is modified to trap insects in insectivorous plants? Give two

examples.

29.

What is meant by epipetalous condition? Give an example.

30.

What is meant by parthenocarpic fruit? How is it useful?

31.

Why certain fruits are called false fruits? Name two examples of plants having
false fruits.

32.

Name any two plants having single seeded dry fruits.

33.

What are aggregate fruits? Give two examples.

34.

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What is natural system of plant classification?

followed it.

Name the scientists who

35.

What is geocarpy? Name the plant which exhibits this phenomenon.

36.

What is omega taxonomy?

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37.

What are gas vacuoles? State their functions.

38.

What are micro bodies? What do they contain?

39.

Medicines are either man made or obtained from organisms like plants,
bacteria, animals etc., and hence the latter are called natural products.
Sometimes natural products are chemically altered by man to reduce toxicity or
side effects. Write against each of the following whether they were initially
obtained as a natural product or as a synthetic chemical.

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40.

a.

Penicillin ____________

b.

Sulphonamide __________

c.

Vitamin C _______________

d.

Growth hormone ____________

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Select an appropriate chemical bond among ester bond, glycosidic bond,

peptide bond and hydrogen bond and write against each of the following.

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Polysaccharide _____________

b.

Protein ____________

c.

Fat ________________

d.

41.
42.

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Water ______________

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Give one example for each of aminoacids, sugars, nucleotides and fatty acids.
Starch, cellulose, glycogen and chitin are polysaccharides found among the
following. Choose the one appropriate and write against each.

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Cotton fibre __________

b.

Exoskeleton of cockroach ___________

c.

Liver ___________

d.

Peeled potato __________

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43.

Given that the average duplication time of E. coli is 20 minutes. How much
time will two E. coli cells take to become 32 cells?

44.

If a tissue has at a given time 1024 cells. How many cycles of mitosis have the
original parental single cell undergone?

45.

An anther has 1200 pollen grains. How many pollen mother cells must have
been there to produce them?

46.

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The following events occur during the various phases of the cell cycle. Fill the
blanks with suitable answer against each.
a.

Disintegration of nuclear membrane _____________

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b.

Appearance of nucleolus _______________

c.

Division of centromere _____________

d.

Replication of DNA _____________

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47.

Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to

primary succession. Why?

48.

Define heliophytes and sciophytes. Name a plant from your locality that is
either heliophyte or sciophyte.

49.

Define population and community.

50.

Define communities? Who classified plant communities into hydrophytes,

mesophytes and xerophytes?

51.

Hydrophytes show reduced xylem. Why?

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Short Answer Type Questions (4 Marks)

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1.

Explain binomial nomenclature.

2.

Give a brief account of Dinoflagellates.

3.

What are the characteristic features of euglenoids?

4.

Write the role of Fungi in our daily life.

5.

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Explain in brief the scope of Botany in relation to agriculture, horticulture and

medicine.

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Explain the scope of Botany taking plant physiology as example.

7.

Differentiate between red algae and brown algae.

8.

Differentiate between liver worts and mosses.

9.

Write a note on economic importance of algae and bryophytes.

10.

How would you distinguish monocots from dicots?

11.

Justify the statement vegetative reproduction is also a type of asexual

reproduction'.

12.

Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction. Why vegetative

reproduction is also considered as a type of asexual reproduction?

13.

List three strategies that a bisexual chasmogamous flower can evolve to prevent
self-pollination (autogamy).

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Discuss the various types of pollen tube entry into ovary with the help of
diagrams.
What is bagging technique? How is it useful in a plant breeding programme?

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16.

What is meant by emasculation? When and why does a plant breeder employ
this technique?

17.

Explain floral formula.

18.

Give economic importance of plants belonging to Fabaceae.

19.

Give an account of floral diagram.

20.

Briefly describe the cell theory.

21.

What are plasmids? Describe their role in bacteria.

22.

Name two cell organelles that are double membrane bound. What are the
characteristics of these two organelles? State their functions and draw labelled
diagrams of both.

23.

What are characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?

24.

Cell is the basic unit of life. Discuss in brief.

25.

Is rubber a primary metabolite or a secondary metabolite? Write four sentences

about rubber.

26.

Schematically represent primary, secondary and tertiary structure of a

hypothetical polymer using protein as an example.

27.

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In which phase of meiosis are the following formed? Choose the answers from
hint points given below.

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Synaptonemal complex _________

b.

Recombination nodules ______________

c.

Appearance / activation of enzyme recombinase _______

d.

Termination of chiasmata __________

e.

Interkinesis __________

f.

Formation of dyad of cells ________

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28.

Though redundantly described as a resting phase, interphase does not really

involve rest. Comment.

29.

State the location and function of different types of meristems.

30.

A transverse section of the trunk of a tree shows concentric rings which are
known as annual rings. How are these rings formed? What is the significance
of these rings?

31.

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Name the three basic tissue systems in the flowering plants. Give the tissue
names under each system.

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32.

What are hydrophytes? Briefly discuss the different kinds of hydrophytes with
examples.

33.

Enumerate the morphological adaptations of hydrophytes.

34.

List out the anatomical adaptations of hydrophytes.

35.

Write a brief account on classification of xerophytes.

36.

Enumerate the morphological and anatomical adaptations of xerophytes.

37.

Define plant succession. Differentiate primary and secondary successions.

38.

Define ecosystem/ ecological services.

pollination.

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Explain in brief with regard to

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Long Answer Type Questions (8 Marks)

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1.

Define root. Mention the types of root systems. Explain how root is modified
to perform different functions.

2.

Explain how stem is modified variously to perform different functions.

3.

Explain different types of racemose inflorescences.

4.

Describe the post-fertilization changes in a flower.

5.

With a neat, labelled diagram describe the parts of a mature angiosperm embryo
sac. Mention the role of synergids.

6.

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Describe the process of fertilization in angiosperms.

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Describe the T.S. of a dicot stem.

8.

Describe the T.S. of a monocot stem.

9.

Describe the internal structure of a dicot root.

10.

Describe the internal structure of a monocot root.

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Writer: P.Uma Amareswari

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