5.

1 Design of Sanitary Wastewater Manholes

Purpose of Calculation : The purpose of this calculation is to determine the size of manholes,
thickness of wall, cover slab and base slab.
Assumptions:
1. Assume water table is 1 meter below finish grade.

Diagram:
Tw

Tw

Ts

Tw
H
W
Tw

Tb
PLAN

SECTION

Assume manhole size

B=

1.20

Ts =

0.25

W=

1.20

Tw =

0.30

H=

2.20

Tb =

0.30

Design Parameters
Unit weight of concrete ( yc )

24

kN/m3

Unit weight of submerged soil ( ys )

10.5

kN/m3

Unit weight of dry soil ( ys1 )

18

kN/m3

Unit weight of water ( yw )

=
=
=
=

10
100
30
0.4

kN/m3
kN/m2
deg

27.58

=
=

414
10

Soil Bearing Capacity ( SBC )

Angle of internal friction ( )
Coefficient of friction bet soil & conc ( )
Compressive strength of concrete ( f'c )
Yield strength of rebars ( fy )
Live load surcharge ( s )

MPa
MPa
kN/m2

Vertical Loads ( Wt )
W mh = Weight of manhole = W 1 + W 2 + W 3
W 1 = Weight of slab
= ( yc ) ( B W Ts ) =

8.64

kN

W 2 = Weight of walls
= ( yc ) [ ( 2 B H Tw ) + ( 2 W 1 H Tw ) ]
W 3 = Weight of base slab
= ( yc ) ( B1 W 1 Tb ) =

23.33

95.04

kN

kN

W mh =

127.01 kN
W w = Weight of water
= ( yw ) ( B W H )

31.68 kN
W t = 158.69 kN
Actual soil bearing pressure ( qa ) ( Full of water )
qa = W t / A

A=

W 1 B1 =

qa =

48.98 kN/m2 <

100
Factor of safety against uplift ( empty )
FS = W e / Fu

3.24
kN/m2

( SAFE )

Fu = (yw) [(B + 2 Tw) (W + 2 Tw) (H + Tb - 1)]

2.61
> 1.2 ( SAFE )
Design of slab
Considering 1 meter strip of slab
DL = yc Ts =
6.00
kN/m
kN/m2 =
LL =
3.60
wu = 1.4 DL + 1.7 LL =
Mu = wu L2 / 8
L=

m2

3.60

kN/m

14.52

kN/m

1.20

=
2.61
kN-m
Required Depth ( d )
Mu
d=

48.60

0.90

b=
f'c =

1000

mm

27.58

MPa

fy =

414

MPa

0.85

b Ru
Ru =
=
b =
=
min =
Ru =
d=

fy [ 1 - 0.59 ( fy / f'c ) ]
0.75 b
0.85 f'c 600 =

0.02848

fy ( 600 + fy )
0.02136
1.4 / fy = 0.00338
7.170
20.12

Reinforcing Bars
As =

MPa
mm <

<
165

0.02136
mm ( SAFE )

Mu

d fy [ 1 - 0.59 ( fy / f'c ) ]
=
52.43 mm
Asmin = 0.0018 b Ts
=
450
mm < As
Using 16 mm diameter bar;As16 =
S=

kN

444.44

mm

0.90

b=
d=
Ts =

1000
165

mm
mm

250
27.58

mm
MPa

f'c =
200

mm

fy =
=

414
MPa
0.02136

Use

200

Mu =

mm on center
top and bottom

2.61

kN-m

Design of wall
Pressure Coefficients: Active pressure
Ka = ( 1 - sin ) / ( 1 + sin )
Ka =
0.33
Considering 1 meter strip of wall
Lateral pressure on wall (submerge soil)
Height of surcharge, h = surcharge / density of soil
h=
0.95
m
Submerged soil
F1 = (1/2) Ka ys ( H + h )2 ( 1 )
=
17.39
Sea water
F2 = (1/2) Ka yw H2 ( 1 )

8.07
25.46

kN
kN
kN (govern)

Lateral pressure on wall (dry soil)

Height of surcharge, h = surcharge / density of soil
h1 =
0.56
m
Dry soil
F3 = (1/2) Ka ys1 ( H + h1)2 ( 1 )

22.78

0.95

surcharge

2.20

F1

kN

F2

(1/2) Ka ys (H+h)2

(1/2) Ka yw H2

M = 0.128 F1 ( H + h ) + 0.128 F2 H
=
9.29
kN-m
Mu = 1.7 M =
15.79 kN-m
Required Depth ( d )
Mu
d=

0.90
1000

mm

mm

b=
Ru =

7.17

MPa

( SAFE )

Mu =

15.79

kN-m

b Ru
d=

49.47

mm <

215

Reinforcing Bars ( vertical )

As =
Mu

d=
Tw =
f'c =

d fy [ 1 - 0.59 ( fy / f'c ) ]
= 243.11 mm
Asmin = 0.0018 b Tw
mm < As
=
540
Using 16 mm diameter bar;As16 =
200
mm
S = 370.37 mm
Use
200
mm on center each face

fy =
=

215

mm

300
27.58

mm
MPa

414
MPa
0.02136

Reinforcing Bars ( horizontal )

Asmin = 0.0025 b Tw
mm < As
=
750
Using 16 mm diameter bar;As16 =
200
mm
S=
267
mm
Use
200
mm on center each face
Design of base
Considering 1 meter strip of base
1.20

48.98
M = qa L2 / 12
L=
1.20
=
5.88
KN-m
Mu = 1.7 M =
9.99
kN-m

Required Depth ( d )
Mu
d=

0.90

b=
Ru =

1000

mm

mm

7.17

MPa

( SAFE )

Mu =

9.99

kN-m

d=
Tb =

215

mm

f'c =

300
27.58

mm
MPa

fy =

414

MPa

b Ru
d=

39.35

Reinforcing Bars
As =

mm <

215

Mu

d fy [ 1 - 0.59 ( fy / f'c ) ]
= 153.82 mm
Asmin = 0.0018 b Tb

=
540
mm < As
Using 16 mm diameter bar;As16 =
S=
Use

370.37
200

200
mm
mm
mm on center top & bottom
bars bothways

0.02136