CH

CH
NG
NG 3
KHNG KH M, HI
NC V CC QU
TRNH

3.1. KHNG KH M

3.1.1. nh ngha, tnh cht v phn loi.

a.

nh ngha:

Khng kh m: hn hp khng kh kh + hi nc.

Khng kh kh: 21%O2 + 78%N2 + 1% cc kh khc:CO2...

b.

Tnh cht:

Hi nc trong khng kh m c xem l kh l tng v phn p

sut v phn th tch ca hi nc trong rt b.

=> p dng cc phng trnh, nh lut ca kh l tng:

- Phng trnh cn bng khi lng:
V = Vk = Vh
T = Tk = Th
G = Gk + Gh
- Phng trnh trng thi kh l tng:
Pk.V = Gk.Rk.T
Ph.V = Gh.Rh.T

3.1.1. nh ngha, tnh cht v phn loi.

- Phng trnh nh lut Danton:
B = p k + ph
Trong :
+ G; Gk; Gh Khi lng KK m, khng kh kh (KKK) v hi nc.
+ V; Vk; Vh Th tch KK m, KKK v hi nc.
+ T; Tk; Th - Nhit KK m, KKK v hi nc.
+ B; pk; ph - Phn p sut kh quyn, KKK v hi nc.

c.

Phn loi:

Khng kh m cha bo ha: l khng kh m c th nhn thm hi

nc vo.
Khng kh m bo ha: l khng kh m lng hi nc trong
t n mc ti a (tc l khng th nhn thm hi nc t ngoi vo
c na).
Khng kh bo ha: l khng kh bo ha m c ln nhng git hi
nc

3.1.2. CC THNG S C TRNG CA KK M.

a.

m tuyt i:

b.

m tng i, :

* Nhn xt:

- Khi = 0 - trng thi khng kh kh.

- Khi 0<<100 - trng th khng kh m cha bo ha.
- Khi = 100 - khng kh m bo ha.

3.3.2. Qu trnh nn kh.

4. My nn piston nhiu cp
c. Xc nh t s nn:

t s nn mi cp
4

p4
p1

d. Xc nh cng tiu tn:

cp 1:

Cp 2:

n 1

P n

n
2
l
.R.T . 1
1 n 1
1 P

n 1

P n
n
l
.R.T . 4 1
2 n 1
3 P

l l
1

Cng tiu hao ca my nn:

n 1
n
2.l 2. n 1 . R.T1 . n 1
1

3.3.2. Qu trnh nn kh.

Bi tp v d:
My nn l tng 2 cp c lm mt trung gian, p sut ban u p1 = 1 bar, t1=200 C, p
sut cui qu trnh nn l p4 = 9bar. Xc nh cng tiu hao ca my nn, nhit cui
qu trnh nn nu qu trnh nn l on nhit
Hng dn gii:
- Qu trnh nn l on nhit => n = k = 1,4 (khng kh)
- Xc nh t s nn mi cp: vi m l s cp nn

- Xc nh cng tiu hao:

p
c
p

n 1
n
2.
. R.T . n 1
1
n 1

- Xc nh nhit cui qu trnh nn:

n 1
n

P
T T T . 2
2
4
1P
1

T .
1

n 1
n

, J/kg