Annotated Bibliography

3/21/2016
Ryland Miller
Gutierrez, A. A., Williams, S. M., Coleman, M. M., Garrahy, D. A., & Laurson, K. R. (2016). Physical
Education and Recess Contributions to Sixth Graders' Physical Activity. Physical
Educator, 73(1), 174-190. doi:10.18666/TPE-2016-V73-Il-6193
This study is concerned with how much closer 6th graders get to their daily threshold of steps (12,000
steps). Its secondary purpose is to see how much physical activity goes on after school, once the students
go home, concerning both genders and their change in BMI (Body Mass Index). One hundred thirty-eight
6th graders aged 11-13 years old were included in this experiment. The study showed that all children who
participated in PE gained 7.1% to 9.6% to their goal. When only taking account the steps taken in PE, the
results did not show a very large impact towards their daily goals.
This article does give an interesting look at whether or not physical education has an impact on children.
There was no bias in the writing of this article, merely just experiment put into data for scholarly readers.
The conclusions of the experiment are not completely conclusive, though. They dont give a yes or no
answer, in the end, just giving insight on their experiment. This makes this article an interesting talking
point, but not a convincing point for either side.

Barney, D., Pleban, F. T., Wilkinson, C., & Prusak, K. A. (2015). Identifying High School Physical
Education Physical Activity Patterns After High School. Physical Educator,72(2), 278-293.
This article consists of a look at why physical education is used in High School, and what is the best we
to teach PE. Many schools believe that team sports help produce a strong healthy lifestyle, but others

believe that there may be other means that give more conclusive and effective results. There are one
thousand and thirty-four students who participated in this study, all college-aged and all attending a
private university. They were given a questionnaire that consisted of what they enjoyed and thought were
beneficial in their HS career.
This article was published in 2015, so the currency of it is very recent compared to others out there on
similar topics. The writer has no bias towards the experiment, just looking to see the results of the
questionnaire given to the students. The purpose of this study is to aid scholars in their research and to
give insight on whether or not PE was worth the time of High School students. Its importance is deemed
interesting, but not groundbreaking information, neat to see the opinions of many post-secondary school
students.
Patterson, J. "Many Schools Cutting Back on Physical Education." Las Vegas Review-Journal. N.p., 14
July 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2016.
This article looks at a major point of my research, and that is the slow decline of PE in our school
systems, and what the results if this will be. It gives strong arguments towards the fact that our generation
is very electronically based. This is why many think that the lack of physical education in schools is
detrimental. Because many students today dont spend time performing physical after they get out of
school, which is strongly considered the reason for child obesity. The writers point is more than just the
weight of the youth who is not getting PE, but other aspects of their lives like work ethic, grades, sleep
patterns and more.
This source was published in 2013, which is fairly recent, being only three years ago. This article is on a
news website and is not scholarly, but it takes a very good look at an important topic which is PE in
schools. The purpose of the news publisher is to how people the importance of having a scheduled class
session for youth to participate in during school. Though the writer is biased, pushing heavily towards the
need for PE in school, she still gives credible sources and data on the subject.

Datz, T. "Poll Finds Lack of Physical Education in Public Schools a Concern of Parents." News. N.p., 2
Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2016.
This article is mainly concerned with how students who are no longer participating in PEs parents feel
about this situation. Most of the parents concerns are not even because of weight gain, but laziness with
schoolwork and daily activities. Many of these parents state that their children are doing drastically worse
now that they have removed PE from their regularly scheduled classes. Included are doctors opinions and
data on studies theyve seen in students lives because of physical education, and the importance of it.
This article was published just over two years ago, and its relativity to the world and these topics are still
valid and worth taking note of. The intended audience of this article is scholars, it is posted on an
educational website. There is little to no bias on this topic, the purpose of the writer is just to inform other
scholars rather than prove a point. The importance that it brings is that it gives valid points and opinions
to the topic of discussion.

Larouche, R., Laurencelle, L., Shephard, R. J., & Trudeau, F. (2015). Should the Curricular Time
Allocated to School Physical Education Be Increased? Insights From Participants in a Follow-Up
of the Trois-Rivires Study. Physical Educator, 72(4), 701-720.
This article is a study where there were eighty-six participants in their forties were interviewed on
whether or not they believe a number of students are given for PE is adequate now, based on their past
high school career. The study showed that all participants of the study decided that schools should
actually increase time spent doing physical activities in school. Reasons for their decisions were not only
because they believe it has an effect on child obesity, but also because it has a positive effect on academic
performance also. Many of the participants also stated that they believe that their time in PE in high
school had a positive impact on those same areas for them also.

This article was published in 2015 and its purpose is to inform scholars on their findings on this specific
topic. The publishers intentions were to inform, not to prove a point of view, and the findings are helpful
for many other scholars researches.

Berg Svendby, E. (2016). (Re)Telling lived experiences in different tales: a potential pathway in working
towards an inclusive PE. Sport, Education & Society, 21(1), 62-81.
doi:10.1080/13573322.2015.1113166
This research is concerned with whether or not the information being taught in physical education
courses in schools are as efficient as they should be, and whether or not changes should be made in the
curriculum being taught. The author intentions are to show data towards the need for change in these
classes. This article includes many stories and experiences that Dr. Svendby occurred through his
research. It also sheds light on whether there are students who be excluded with the current format for
teaching PE.
This article written by Dr. Svendby was written this year, 2016. Her purpose for this research is to aid
scholars and also physical educators on how their classes could be more effective for all students. This
data she has recorded is very beneficial to all schools who still have PE as a scheduled class, and can be a
game changer for schools who feel physical education in school is unhelpful, or a waste of time.

Janssen, M., Toussaint, H. M., Willem, M. V., & Verhagen, E. M. (2011). PLAYgrounds: Effect of a PE
playground program in primary schools on PA levels during recess in 6 to 12 year old children.
Design of a prospective controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 282-287. doi:10.1186/14712458-11-282

This article starts off by how children this day are not getting their daily amount of needed physical
activity, and how many children will experience obesity because theyre not getting this needed exercise.
The research shows that children, who dont change this habit of poor exercise, will lead to poor future
health and well-being also. This studys purpose is to give insight on how effective PE is to change this
trend, and how much is needed to make an impact. They are also concerned with how the time spent in a
PE class should be carried to give maximum results for students.
This article was published in 2011, and purpose for this article is to inform scholars interested in this
field. The authors have no bias when writing this research, just informing other scholars on findings and
opinions. The data that this article produces is important for research in this field as a whole, and will help
aid researchers with their specific topics.

Grstn, A., Watt, A., Hagger, M., Jaakkola, T., & Liukkonen, J. (2015). Secondary School Students'
Physical Activity Participation Across Physical Education Classes: The Expectancy-Value Theory
Approach. Physical Educator,72(2), 340-358.
This articles the main purpose is to see a link between what students expect out of their PE classes, and
how much exercise or physical activity they get out of their day when not in school. This research was
comprised of ninety-six students, including fifty-eight girls, and thirty-eight boys. Respectively the
amount of activity outside of school was lower for than needed. While boys would go out in more formal
physical activities than girls, girls would still get more exercise in over the week they were evaluated. It
also talks about how there needs to be a greater concern for physical activity while in school hours, but to
make sure that it allows both boys and girls the same amount of value and effectiveness.
This article was published in 2015, by five different authors doing the research. The data recovered from
this experiment was for the purpose to show other scholars their findings for further analysis and

discussion. There was not bias in their research, merely just doing research for this specific topic. This
research is important for scholars who are doing research on this topic.

Prewitt, S. L., Hannon, J. C., Colquitt, G., Brusseau, T. A., Newton, M., & Shaw, J. (2015). Effect of
Personalized System of Instruction on Health-Related Fitness Knowledge and Class Time
Physical Activity. Physical Educator, 7223-39.
This research was done on secondary students and how the levels of physical activity in schools affect
their activity outside of school. This study was six weeks long, with multiple test and surveys were
completed by students in high school. Along with their research, the authors wanted to see if knowledge
from PE would have an impact on students ability to perform physical tasks. By testing the students to
see the impact regular PE in the students school have on their ability to perform.
This article is just a year old, being written in 2015. It gives a different look on how to see if PE has an
effect on students live and abilities. The intended audience of this research is other scholars doing
research on similar data. There is now bias, just research done on the authors participants and the results
of said trials. The importance of this work is helpful for fellow researchers and their pursuit of knowledge
in this field.