What is the difference between membrane and shell in ETABS?
1. In Etabs, Membrane type - Only in plane stiffness and no out of plane stiffness Shell type Slab - Both in plane and out of plane stiffness.
In Etabs, when we assign slab type as membrane, it only transfers forces to
Beam's supporting it and does not take part in load bearing. But when we assign shell type slab element, they take part in load bearing along with the load transfer to supporting beams. This reduces the sagging moments in beams. And assigning shell element as slabs is the actual representation of on site slabs. 2. Why do beams located under membrane area objects generate higher moments than when under shell area objects?
Answer: Load which is applied to membrane objects transfers directly to
supporting structural objects, whereas meshed shell objects have bending stiffness and therefore resist a portion of the load through flexural deformation. As a result, less load will be available to transfer to beams located under a shell, while 100% of the load will transfer through a membrane
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