Pre Caleulus Cohild Worksheet 9.4 Day 1 (Sequences) 1. A sequence is arithmetic if the difference between any two consecutive terms is the same. 2. A sequence is geometric if the Cation between any two consecutive terms is the same. 3. Explain the difference between an explicit and a recursive formula. An enpricit, formula is used to find an term. A reeursivey formula tells Ye \> L . 4. Consider the sequence 4,545,505 yy tem ard now to get, to the next term. ‘What is the 1* term? 4, ‘What is the 5® term? Qo Whatisthe mth term? (2 Whats the term before the mth erm? What isthe term after the mth term?) an) +t 5. Consider the sequence defined by the formula a, = Sn—7 b) Find a,,4,,,,4,, anda. Ay = 5QY-V = “2 O, = 2-12 3 Az = 2)-T> 3 a) Is this sequence geom Is the formula a recursive oxy ©) Find the value of a. Oxy = SLB) = 943, 4, 6. Consider the sequence defined by the formula : 4, =4,,:3 if n22 a) Is this sequence@eometrior arithmetic? ... Is the formula afceursiveor explicit formula? b) Find a,,4,,a,,a,, anda, Qy=5 Ar= a3 =15 7 fe Os 0-3 245 B97 Ay B HOE Ay 493 =135 6) Find the value of ay. psy = yg +B.s ugh, On = B()™* Rnbed an eyplicit, formula. dy = C2)" = 14h «102 For questions 7 — 10, determine whether each sequence is arithmetic or geometric. Then write both a recursive and an explicit formula for each sequence, eae Geowelrio r=2 8 29,22, 15,8... Grithnmehe, 9, 2 a= % , O\=24 ,&r2 , One deat? Gorn WY agetain'T forn7t ME ga eB fern La at orp! dn (D™ wp! One BAT) ep: bo =2(8)10. ‘The comer section of a football stadium has 15 seats in the first row and each successive row contains two additional seats. How many seats are in the 40 row? drithmebo d= Qn 194aln-') ayat6 Ap = 15 +9(40-i) =|43 seas 11. The Louvre pyramid in Pari, France, i built of glass panes. There are 4 panes in the top row, and each additional row has 4 more panes than the previous row. Ifthe pyramid is made of 18 rows, how many panes will be in the 18* row? pritenetic, AH Bn= HH Ont) ay=4 Org =H HCL) BeaeniS 12. The third and sith terns fg GeometriS bequence are ~75 and -9375 respectively, Find the fist term, the common ratio and an explicit formula. a ” One Oe wow ir Agee ay = Se ans =a, (¥ = ee os ee | axis ay Gas) \ane-3tey') 3s ' [sea Bowers 4) i 13. The fifth and twenty-third terms of an arithmetic sequence are ~7 and -97 respectively. Find the first term, the ‘common difference, and an explicit formula. Ast l8d = Aas Gn = Ay +d (n-l) _ eneigde ay 412 5 D lane13-slri) 13a =-40 97 = A\-N0 14. Inn arithmetic sequence, a, =—8 and a, =4. Find the first term and write a recursive rule. as FBd=dy ye Aedln-l) a ~B42d=4 L i ad =12 pie © dn=dnatt for nrt As Goal 15. Ina geometric sequence, a,, =14,336 and a, =224, find a, and write a recursive rule. dy! Bye Anz date’ = 14386 go =O, (a) Gos ot 994 = 01932Cateuh : Workshont SA Day2 (Sve) Cofidd <1. Describe the difference between a sequence and a Sequence,’ dn ordered Uist of S that Follow 2 patkrn. Serres: Sum of the terms tr a sequence, 2. Suppose a; =2, a= 5, a;=9, ay= 12, and as=21. Complete the foll : ods » Dla +2) 9 Dla) = Baye Bait 20s =O, tr 405 = (6.42) + last) + (ad) +52) =b4+164+29 | = +5+4 Ter i423 =ly¢\ lj sl | 3. Why is 35(2)" the same as 3°5(2)"" ? i “ Te puans | 5G) » BaF + 5 (2) | Cs 5(ay! + 6(2)? 46(2 { ‘When writing a series using summation notation always use the EXPLICIT FORMULA. Bolt are th ' For questions 4 ~7, write each series using summation notation. You’re not finding the sum yet ... just rewriting the series using summation notation. 1 4, 0.541.6+2.743.8+---414.8 $. 4-84+16—32+---—32768 - Geomericn Onan eae a wt "0% Ono e O* geen Fe oe A on ” j ~sanwee4 (-2)" HONK | -1a= (aye ie P= wen 6. 7. 484+7.2+10.8416.2+ Geometric F=15 ay = 48 8. Three of the four series above actually have a sum that can be calculated. Which one cannot? Why? A Lonnat be tgleulated.. OS any Finite geom. senizs witly \\7\, so Btw ... what do we call a series where a sum can actually be calculated? the. SorieS & divergent. A torent sens has a sum thot tan lot talenlacted.For 9-14, find each sum, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why not. Fi finite de2,n-71 Finite, = 9. Yanes) artrerese 4, 10. Saat geammebri, °F a % : 3(\-28) Se ane ales} 12, 18411444..4@31) poten de-1 Nudes -31= 18-Tln-t) _ “HA =-T(n-!) bn7-3h TE h-\ Ae aeS See & ies -at) = E62) P wees ; ra. Sogy Ne a oes ep eg. hie : 5 Qtomeioncs Gtomein (> 7 " 3 Dwera cnt . = C _ bl bie Wel 7). a oe ; : cs) No sum ¢y ets. 15. How many rows are in a comer section ofa stadium containing 2040 seats if the first row has 10 seats and each successive row has 4 additional seats? Total dvithnwine d=4 a, =10 n O= 4n* ttn “H02 , Sa= Sela, tan) On = lo+4(n-t) an ' O=4 (m4 4n- 1020) _ doo = Flv 4nd 0=4(n+3H)(n-30) Bou = B(104 tov (ri) ead RE 40¢0 = A ( Lo +4ln-i)) Yor = n (30 +4n -H) 4% = tlem + Hin® 16. Hopefully by now, you know that the sum of an arithmetic series can be found using 5, = 8) What is the explicit formula for the mth term in an arithmetic sequence? a, = b) Substitute this value into the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series. yee Sz Se Ca. taadled) =>[ Sa= Raa sdtr-t) | eae My ‘This formula is also used to find the sum of an arithmetic series, if you don’t know (or just don’t want to find) the last term in the series.17. You have decided to accept a strange job (don’t worry ... it’s something you enjoy doing). What makes it strange is the way you will get paid. Your boss has agreed to pay you $0.01 for the first day, $0.02 for the second day, $0.04 for the third day, etc. -= 9) 4) How much will you eam on the 7* day? Q, = 0.01 (2) 5) How much will you eam on the 30° day? (4. = poi (2) =|3 53102104. 12. c) What is the total amount of money you will earn in 30 days? — Frnite Geomebvic Sees _ eo fi lomstHis. co. wi es w= 30 Sign me ue! All repeating decimals can be written as a fraction. Geometric series can be used to accomplish this. Example: Express the rational number 0.139 as a fraction. First: Write the repeating parts as a geometric series 0.139 + 0.000139 + 0.000000139 + 0. 000000000139 + -~ Second: The sum of this infinite geometric series is the fraction we are looking for, so find a, and r. a=0139 and. r= 0,001 0.139 _ 0.139 _139 Third: Sum= 9.159 _ 139 um [=001 999 999, 139 Therefore, 0139 = 55. 18, Rewrite each of the following repeating decimals as a fraction. a) 0.141414141: b) 5297 = Ott Bold + 000014 +... =5+,291+,000291 4... r=.01 A,= Om So v=,001 A, =,297 Soe | 24a oa i 44a 444 BT = et 3 x| | Coheld 1. Explain the two methods to find the 128 row of Pascal's Triangle as discussed inthe Video for 9.2. on eee rm one oan 424,742, 445, 220, Ub, 12, 1 (Oles cmeentone 2 ation eee ee tbo abrrebay es acre 2. Map wingFOM(2-29)° dx NGAGE) _ a 2 ae PreCaleulus Worksheet 9.2 5 ~ %3y Buy +A aang ng | For questions 3-5, expand each expression using the Binomial Theorem or Pascal's Triangle. 2x43) = ("(? + LQ: paccai's iS 4. (3x-2)" ate aS GY — Iva") ce Gadd! 1 (aaa \" 28WT — roa0 + -a0ays —dALLOXt + 15120,2 | —bOURK* +1 BHby - lay | aba (BS (DM 31 (4392\() 103 Bd" CP 935 (ea) 24 (2d? LOLS a5 (292M) rhs (at (DP 2 a2\-22) ate GY (- a TOG) abn (ax (> | Cry Oa = Catlayh + HGaLay Udy arabs ay? “ores JIA BAG + Uy? — 3204? + tose |6. What do you notice about your answers to questions 2 and 5? Which method do you prefer? The GENES WE Yr Some betas Une 4ueshons Ove Hee sone, XK prefer using, the binornial Yoeorenn wer Fart! . Find the coefficient ofthe term containing. y* in the expansion of the expression (x4+-3y)*. ~~ v 5 5 C,(x¥(4y) = ay? =p |gda 8. Find the coefficient of the term containing in the expansion of the expression (5x—y)’ . L zy x0 16, Cy) au (25x14) a |-400\ - Find the coefficient of the term containing y* in the expansion of the expression (7x— ayy ats (WCAYS ste (343:2)(- 100445) =7 Fiayuaraal ° 10. Find the coefficient of the term containing x° in the expansion of the expression (4x-+3y)". bal (34)" 45 (tu?) esiry®) = [4723220